440:
Simultaneously, anyone who became a national of
Mauritius ceased to be a British national. Provisions ensured that anyone who was ineligible for nationality of Mauritius did not lose their status as a CUKC or as a British Protected Person and that wives of such persons also retained the status of their husband and made provisions for derivative nationality of wives and children of persons who would have obtained Mauritian nationality except for their death. Subsequently, Mauritius passed the Citizenship Act of 14 December 1968, which provided that after independence, children born on the island acquired nationality as long as one parent was Mauritian and their father did not have
409:
and if he was foreign, so was she. It stipulated that upon loss of nationality of a husband, a wife could declare that she wished to remain
British and provided that if a marriage had terminated, through death or divorce, a British-born national who had lost her status through marriage could reacquire British nationality through naturalisation without meeting a residency requirement. The statute reiterated common law provisions for natural-born persons born within the realm on or after the effective date. By using the word
427:
longer automatically acquired the status of the husband or father, children who acquired nationality by descent no longer were required to make a retention declaration, and registrations for children born abroad were extended. In the wake of
African independence movements, during the 1960s, several conferences were held in London hoping to maintain the island's ties to Britain. To gain support for independence, in 1965 the Chagos Archipelago was detached from Mauritius, officially becoming part of the
28:
3595:
302:. An exploration party from Île Bourbon landed on Île de France in 1721 and a permanent settlement was established in 1722 at Port Louis. In 1763, the French East India company sold the Île de France to the government, making it a crown colony and subject to the laws of France, though it operated as a semi-autonomous territory. The
452:
the
Citizenship Act, except in the case of joint adoption. Nationality is only automatically acquired upon adoption by two parents if the male parent is Mauritian. Because provisions were removed for qualification of nationality through birth in the territory, the Act is no longer clear as to whether
422:
husband's nationality upon marriage or upon his naturalisation in another country, did not lose their
British status after 1933. The 1943 revision allowed a child born abroad at any time to be a British national by descent if the Secretary of State agreed to register the birth. Under the terms of the
376:
were subjects. Those born outside the realm — except children of those serving in an official post abroad, children of the monarch, and children born on a
British sailing vessel — were considered by common law to be foreigners. Marriage did not affect the status of a subject of the realm, except that
451:
In 1995, Mauritius amended both its constitution (Amendment Act No. 23) and the
Citizenship Act (Amendment No. 24). The changes to nationality included removing provisions allowing the acquisition of nationality through birth in the territory and simultaneously eliminating gender discrimination from
347:
arrived on Île de France in 1803, as the new governor, and attempted to implement French law. Conflicts between France and
Britain which began in that year, extended to their colonies. Britain made plans to capture the Mascarene Islands, taking Rodrigues Island in 1809, Île Bourbon in July 1810, and
139:
can be granted to persons who understand
English or another language of the territory and have resided in Mauritius for a sufficient period of time to confirm they understand the customs and traditions of the country. General provisions are that applicants have good character and an understanding of
174:
in
Mauritius for committing crimes against the state or state security; for ordinary crimes; for disloyal acts or behaving as if one were a citizen of another country, such as voting in an election; for residing outside of the country for an extended period of time without government authorisation;
460:
discovered in the territory can acquire Mauritian nationality. Mauritius is also among the nine African nations for which no provisions are made for children to acquire nationality if they are born to parents who are stateless or have unknown nationality. Changes made in 1995 allowed Mauritians of
439:
Mauritius gained its own sovereignty on 12 March 1968. The independence constitution conferred nationality on any CUKC who had been born, naturalised, or registered in Mauritius, including those who had been born in the Chagos Archipelago and did not gain nationality through the Seychelles Colony.
426:
British nationals in British Mauritius were reclassified at that time as "Citizens of the UK and Colonies" (CUKC). The basic British nationality scheme did not change overmuch, and typically those who were previously defined as British remained the same. Changes included that wives and children no
408:
to continue regulating nationality in their territories, but also established an imperial nationality scheme throughout the realm. The uniform law, which went into effect on 1 January 1915, required a married woman to derive her nationality from her spouse, meaning if he was British, she was also,
310:
in which subjects were bound together by a scheme of protection and service tied to land ownership. Possession of land was typically tied to military and court service and omitted women because they could not perform those obligations. Thus, French nationality also derived from place of birth in
421:
Amendments to the British Nationality Act were enacted in 1918, 1922, 1933 and 1943 changing derivative nationality by descent and modifying slightly provisions for women to lose their nationality upon marriage. Because of a rise in statelessness, a woman who did not automatically acquire her
417:
nationals. For those born abroad on or after the effective date, legitimacy was still required, and could only be derived by a child from a British father (one generation), who was natural-born or naturalised. Naturalisations required five years residence or service to the crown.
334:
which followed the revolution, slavery was abolished in 1794, granting French nationality to all men in the French colonies. Government officials who attempted to enforce the ban on slavery in Île de France were met with resistance from the colonists. The 1802
262:, which they called Noord-Wester Haven to control access to the anchorage there. Because the Dutch colonies were founded as commercial enterprises, nationality did not play a large role in the governance. Roman-Dutch common law, per the Order of Government (
448:. For those born abroad to a Mauritian father, a child could acquire nationality if their father had been born in Mauritius. Wives of Mauritian men were eligible for Mauritian nationality upon marriage as long as they posed no threat to national security.
175:
or for fraud, misrepresentation, or concealment in a registration petition. Persons who previously had nationality and wish to repatriate if they voluntarily lost their status because of marriage and the marriage has terminated must request reinstatement.
111:, i.e. by birth in Mauritius or abroad to parents with Mauritian nationality. It can be granted to persons with an affiliation to the country, or to a permanent resident who has lived in the country for a given period of time through naturalisation.
95:, as amended; the Mauritius Citizenship Act, and its revisions; and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a national of Mauritius. The legal means to acquire
127:
Children born anywhere to at least one parent with Mauritian nationality who was born in Mauritius can acquire nationality at birth; however, children born abroad to Mauritian nationals may not pass on their nationality to their children.
348:
on 3 December 1810, accepted the surrender of Decaen for the Île de France. Under the terms of the capitulation, French custom, language, laws, property and religion were to remain in force, though the name reverted to Mauritius.
144:
Children legally adopted by a Mauritian parent, at the time of completion of a legal adoption automatically acquire Mauritian nationality, with the caveat that if the adoption is by two parents, the male parent must be
219:
and Rodrigues. On the map, the islands were identified as "Dina Margabin" (Île Bourbon/Réunion), "Dina Moraze" (Rodrigues) and "Dina Arobi" (Île de France/Mauritius). In 1507 it was sighted by the Portuguese navigator
372:. In Britain, allegiance, in which subjects pledged to support a monarch, was the precursor to the modern concept of nationality. The crown recognised from 1350 that all persons born within the territories of the
2028:
270:) of 1629, was the foundation of their colonial legal code and there was no national civil law defining the rights or obligations of inhabitants. In 1658, they abandoned Mauritius to expand their operations in
107:, though the terms are often used synonymously outside of law, they are governed by different statutes and regulated by different authorities. Mauritian nationality is typically obtained under the principle of
103:. Nationality describes the relationship of an individual to the state under international law, whereas citizenship is the domestic relationship of an individual within the nation. In Britain and thus the
1977:
Universal Geography, or a Description of All the Parts of the World, on a New Plan, According to the Great Natural Divisions of the Globe: Accompanied with Analytical, Synoptical, and Elementary Tables
140:
the responsibilities of a citizen. Applicants must typically have resided in the country for six years. Besides foreigners meeting the criteria, other persons who may be registered include:
2945:
2850:
343:
re-established the law and customs in effect before the Revolution of 1789, confusing the status of colonial subjects as one of the laws reinstated re-established slavery.
377:
under common law, single women, including divorcées, were not allowed to be parents thus their children could not derive nationality maternally and were stateless unless
2009:
2860:
2678:
1572:
2985:
2068:
2975:
2180:
233:
157:
Persons who have made a substantial investment into the development of the country, $ 500,000 US since 1999, after completing a two-year residency requirement.
274:, but then returned in 1664. The colony was abandoned again in 1710 and they left behind the animals, crops, and slaves they had introduced to the island.
327:
3631:
290:. Because of an increasing amount of piracy on Mauritius, which interrupted trade, the French decided to extend their control to the island. In 1715,
401:
2314:
99:, formal legal membership in a nation, differ from the domestic relationship of rights and obligations between a national and the nation, known as
2620:
1993:
311:
French territory, until the nineteenth century, but under feudal law married women were subjugated to the authority of their husbands under
3364:
170:
their nationality pending approval by the state. Mauritians of origin may not be deprived of their nationality. Naturalised persons may be
1517:
3360:
2123:
386:
295:
2665:
2224:
2674:
2155:
1997:
3206:
2650:
2552:
2479:
294:, a French naval officer, claimed the island for France and renamed it as the Île de France as he had been instructed to do by
3368:
2192:
2100:
2057:
2022:
1855:
1830:
1692:
1669:
1341:
1955:
2519:
1635:
Saint-Malo illustré par ses marins: précédé d'une notice historique sur cette ville depuis sa fondation jusqu'à nos jours
224:, who renamed Dina Arobi the "Ilha do Cirne" (Island of the Swan), after his ship. The three islands were given the name
1639:
Saint-Malo Illustrated by Its Sailors: Preceded by a Historical Notice on This City from Its Founding to the Present Day
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1760:
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3002:
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1703:
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3341:
3100:
2454:
2294:
2111:
2489:
2469:
2369:
2217:
1563:
428:
344:
186:
is typically allowed in Mauritius for persons of origin since 1995, but is prohibited for naturalised persons.
330:, did not extend to any of the colonies or possessions of France in Africa, Asia, or the Americas. During the
3356:
2920:
2805:
2670:
2484:
2329:
1513:
291:
35:
3226:
148:
Minor children may be naturalised, at the discretion of authorities, when their parent acquires nationality;
3577:
2930:
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1975:
1630:
423:
3447:
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2845:
2780:
2577:
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1822:
1366:
319:
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The French had established a colony on the Île Bourbon in 1665, which by 1674 had become the base of the
167:
3397:
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2279:
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2210:
1327:
331:
283:
244:
92:
2114:[The Application of the Civil Code to Guadeloupe in the Context of the Napoleonic Reaction]
3621:
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2374:
2364:
2354:
2299:
2259:
2084:
1684:
378:
238:
221:
104:
67:
1990:
Citizenship and Statelessness in the Member States of the Southern African Development Community
3564:
3346:
3336:
3301:
3201:
3145:
3130:
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2770:
2602:
2474:
2409:
2394:
2379:
1751:
1498:
357:
1841:
1816:
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by their father. Nationality laws passed by the British Parliament were extended only to the
232:, though there is no evidence the Portuguese attempted to settle there. In 1598 Dutch Admiral
3407:
3165:
3120:
3085:
3070:
3040:
2895:
2825:
2582:
2072:
2049:
3528:
3501:
3392:
2955:
2092:
2076:
1333:
356:
Britain formally acquired Mauritius at the end of the war from the French by virtue of the
195:
183:
119:
Nationality can be acquired in Mauritius at birth or later in life through naturalisation.
2112:"L'application du Code civil à la Guadeloupe dans le contexte dela réaction napoléonienne"
1747:"The One-Drop Rule in Reverse? Interracial Marriages in Napoleonic and Restoration France"
8:
3518:
3437:
2980:
441:
255:
250:
Increased trade in the area caused the Dutch to decide on colonization, and in 1638, the
212:
55:
Mauritius Citizenship Act RL 3/585 – 14 December 1968, as amended by Act No. 24 of 1995
3417:
1935:
1926:
1890:
1847:
1796:
1780:
1600:
1470:
1410:
1386:
1353:"Subject to Empire: Married Women and the British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act"
365:
340:
1989:
3559:
3511:
2188:
2164:
2135:
2096:
2053:
2018:
1947:
1939:
1898:
1882:
1851:
1826:
1800:
1788:
1772:
1718:
1688:
1665:
1642:
1604:
1592:
1584:
1543:
1478:
1462:
1457:
1402:
1394:
1378:
1337:
453:
361:
323:
271:
229:
225:
336:
258:
as a base for their trading operations. They established a second trading fort near
3442:
2127:
2088:
1764:
1580:
1576:
1452:
1444:
1435:
1431:"Invisible Women: The Legal Fiction of Marital Unity in Nineteenth-Century America"
1414:
1370:
247:. The island became reprovisioning outpost for Dutch, British, and French traders.
171:
1843:
Dutch Culture in a European Perspective: 1800, Blueprints for a National Community
303:
3523:
2233:
1878:
1509:
87:
1918:
3554:
3454:
1704:"Mixed Jurisdictions in the Commonwealth Caribbean: Mixing, Unmixing, Remixing"
397:
373:
263:
136:
1951:
1902:
1792:
1768:
1641:] (in French). Rennes, France: Imprimerie de F. Péalat. pp. 306–308.
1596:
1482:
1398:
3615:
3584:
3533:
3465:
3007:
2168:
2139:
2039:
2005:
1985:
1943:
1886:
1776:
1722:
1646:
1626:
1588:
1466:
1382:
108:
27:
3480:
1717:(1). Tilburg, Netherlands: Tilburg University, Schoordijk Institute: 1–23.
1617:
1406:
287:
396:
a decision was made to draft a common nationality code for use across the
3538:
3496:
2176:
1726:
445:
100:
96:
1784:
1746:
2043:
1474:
1430:
1390:
1352:
259:
46:
2131:
1894:
1866:
1655:
1558:
216:
1661:
977:
369:
312:
307:
299:
84:
2181:"Nationality and Citizenship in a Changing European and World Order"
1654:
Dwyer, Philip G. (2014). "Introduction". In Dwyer, Philip G. (ed.).
1448:
832:
830:
3506:
3472:
2202:
1374:
745:
743:
741:
405:
211:
The island now known as Mauritius was first identified on the 1502
1846:. Translated by Jackson, Beverly. London: Uitgeverij Van Gorcum /
1559:"The Last French East India Company in the Revolutionary Atlantic"
461:
origin, but not naturalised Mauritians, to have dual nationality.
989:
905:
827:
791:
154:
Commonwealth citizens are granted preferential naturalisation; or
151:
The spouse of a Mauritian national after four years of residency;
1818:
Borderless Empire: Dutch Guiana in the Atlantic World, 1750–1800
815:
755:
738:
206:
457:
1542:(1st ed.). New York, New York: Paragon House Publishers.
1443:(2). College Park, Maryland: Feminist Studies, Inc.: 346–366.
1105:
475:
1231:
693:
691:
1219:
1209:
1207:
1153:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1980:. Vol. 3. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Anthony Finley.
1194:
1192:
1035:
1033:
678:
676:
1573:
Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
953:
688:
649:
2017:(3rd ed.). Cape Town, South Africa: African Minds.
1279:
1255:
1243:
1204:
1001:
883:
881:
866:
854:
1189:
1177:
1165:
1141:
1117:
1081:
1057:
1045:
1030:
1018:
767:
673:
509:
507:
1129:
1093:
1069:
779:
494:
492:
490:
878:
591:
589:
564:
562:
560:
558:
2187:. Turku, Finland: Turku Law School. pp. 30–60.
1267:
929:
917:
893:
842:
728:
726:
661:
637:
625:
504:
413:, the statute nullified legitimacy requirements for
1325:
1303:
1291:
995:
983:
965:
941:
836:
821:
761:
749:
724:
722:
720:
718:
716:
714:
712:
710:
708:
706:
613:
601:
487:
434:
328:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
243:claimed the island, renaming it Mauritius to honor
2120:Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire de la Guadeloupe
803:
586:
574:
555:
543:
531:
519:
404:allowed local jurisdictions in the self-governing
326:and human rights protections by incorporating the
402:British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act 1914
3613:
2122:(in French) (146–147). Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe:
703:
1864:
1535:
1111:
911:
1839:
797:
364:, which included the island of Mauritius, the
2218:
1994:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
1683:(3rd ed.). Haywards Heath, West Sussex:
1536:Blaustein, Albert P.; Sigler, Jay A. (1988).
351:
207:Portuguese and Dutch inhabitation (1502–1710)
114:
3365:Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
277:
2045:Citizenship in Africa: The Law of Belonging
1917:Lobingier, Charles Sumner (December 1932).
387:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
189:
2225:
2211:
1973:
697:
26:
3632:Mauritius and the Commonwealth of Nations
1916:
1840:Kloek, Joost; Mijnhardt, Wijnand (2004).
1456:
872:
860:
2153:
1814:
1678:
1496:
1326:Addison, John; Hazareesingh, K. (1984).
1261:
1249:
1237:
1225:
1213:
1198:
1183:
1171:
1159:
1147:
1123:
1087:
1063:
1051:
1039:
1024:
1012:
887:
785:
773:
513:
296:Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain
1350:
1135:
1099:
1075:
3614:
215:, along with the islands now known as
161:
2206:
2175:
2109:
2038:
2004:
1984:
1744:
1711:Electronic Journal of Comparative Law
1701:
1653:
1625:
1556:
1523:from the original on 12 November 2020
1428:
1309:
1297:
1285:
1273:
971:
959:
947:
935:
923:
899:
848:
809:
682:
667:
655:
643:
631:
619:
607:
595:
580:
568:
549:
537:
525:
498:
481:
2232:
2110:Niort, Jean-François (August 2007).
2093:10.1093/acref/9780195337709.001.0001
2066:
732:
131:
2124:Société d'histoire de la Guadeloupe
2000:from the original on 3 August 2021.
1871:Transactions of the Grotius Society
1865:Llewellyn-Jones, Frederick (1929).
1631:"Guillaume Dufresne, Sieur d'Arsel"
1499:"Report on Citizenship Law: France"
1497:Bertossi, Christophe (April 2010).
178:
13:
2163:. London: H.M. Stationery Office.
2034:from the original on 26 June 2021.
1867:"The Nationality of Married Women"
1761:American Society for Legal History
1681:Fransman's British Nationality Law
14:
3643:
1961:from the original on 9 April 2021
1702:Glenn, Jane Matthews (May 2008).
1557:Cross, Elizabeth (October 2020).
1351:Baldwin, M. Page (October 2001).
3594:
3593:
2315:Democratic Republic of the Congo
435:Post-independence (1968–present)
306:of France developed a system of
3460:Birth aboard aircraft and ships
1992:(Report). Geneva, Switzerland:
1539:Constitutions That Made History
1318:
996:Addison & Hazareesingh 1984
984:Addison & Hazareesingh 1984
837:Addison & Hazareesingh 1984
822:Addison & Hazareesingh 1984
762:Addison & Hazareesingh 1984
750:Addison & Hazareesingh 1984
322:, which gave legitimacy to the
3297:Federated States of Micronesia
2661:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
2185:Law Under Exogenous Influences
1581:10.5309/willmaryquar.77.4.0613
1564:The William and Mary Quarterly
429:British Indian Ocean Territory
345:Charles Mathieu Isidore Decaen
1:
1919:"Rise and Fall of Feudal Law"
1745:Heuer, Jennifer (Fall 2009).
1571:(4). Williamsburg, Virginia:
1514:European University Institute
464:
286:'s trading operations in the
228:after the Portuguese captain
3578:British Overseas Territories
1429:Basch, Norma (Summer 1979).
469:
424:British Nationality Act 1948
254:established a settlement in
194:Mauritian citizens are also
7:
3448:Renunciation of citizenship
1974:Malte-Brun, Conrad (1827).
1823:University of Georgia Press
1367:University of Chicago Press
912:Blaustein & Sigler 1988
320:French Constitution of 1791
122:
36:Mauritian National Assembly
10:
3648:
2183:. In Suksi, Markku (ed.).
1759:(3). Notre Dame, Indiana:
1358:Journal of British Studies
1329:A New History of Mauritius
798:Kloek & Mijnhardt 2004
484:, pp. 32–34, 36, 135.
352:British colony (1814–1968)
292:Guillaume Dufresne d'Arsel
201:
115:Acquisition of nationality
3573:
3547:
3489:
3430:
3383:
3284:
3174:
3001:
2994:
2763:
2688:
2545:
2538:
2247:
2240:
2011:Citizenship Law in Africa
1769:10.1017/S0738248000003898
1679:Fransman, Laurie (2011).
1458:2027/spo.0499697.0005.210
284:French East India Company
278:French colony (1715–1814)
93:Constitution of Mauritius
73:
63:
41:
34:
25:
21:Mauritius Citizenship Act
20:
2295:Central African Republic
2154:Prothero, G. W. (1920).
1365:(4). Chicago, Illinois:
383:Kingdom of Great Britain
252:Dutch East India Company
245:Prince Maurice of Nassau
190:Commonwealth citizenship
166:Mauritian nationals can
3393:Commonwealth of Nations
2085:Oxford University Press
2083:. Oxford, Oxfordshire:
1934:(1). Ithaca, New York:
1815:Hoonhout, Bram (2020).
1685:Bloomsbury Professional
1621:(subscription required)
222:Diogo Fernandes Pereira
105:Commonwealth of Nations
68:Government of Mauritius
3207:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2081:Encyclopedia of Africa
2073:Gates Jr., Henry Louis
1752:Law and History Review
1616: – via
298:, acting on behalf of
267:
3590:Partially recognized.
2455:São Tomé and Príncipe
2077:Appiah, Kwame Anthony
2050:Bloomsbury Publishing
1240:, pp. 1121–1122.
368:, as well as Oil and
196:Commonwealth citizens
3529:Second-class citizen
3502:Multiple citizenship
2971:United Arab Emirates
2605:(Kingdom of Denmark)
1334:Macmillan Publishers
1112:Llewellyn-Jones 1929
962:, pp. 521, 533.
658:, pp. 107, 110.
358:1814 Treaty of Paris
268:Ordre van Regieringe
234:Wybrand van Warwijck
198:by default as well.
91:is regulated by the
3519:Permanent residency
3438:Loss of citizenship
3413:Caribbean Community
2666:Trinidad and Tobago
2651:St. Kitts and Nevis
2553:Antigua and Barbuda
1821:. Athens, Georgia:
1657:Napoleon and Europe
1288:, pp. 76, 100.
1228:, pp. 175–176.
1162:, pp. 150–151.
800:, pp. 133–134.
442:diplomatic immunity
394:Imperial Conference
213:Cantino planisphere
162:Loss of nationality
77:Current legislation
2593:Dominican Republic
2067:Nave, Ari (2010).
1936:Cornell Law School
1927:Cornell Law Review
1848:Palgrave Macmillan
1732:on 26 October 2020
986:, pp. 35, 43.
914:, pp. 81–112.
685:, pp. 74, 78.
366:Chagos Archipelago
341:Napoleon Bonaparte
3609:
3608:
3583:Open border with
3426:
3425:
3280:
3279:
2759:
2758:
2679:US Virgin Islands
2606:
2330:Equatorial Guinea
2194:978-951-29-0284-2
2132:10.7202/1040648ar
2102:978-0-19-533770-9
2059:978-1-5099-2078-5
2024:978-1-928331-08-7
1988:(December 2020).
1857:978-90-232-3964-2
1832:978-0-8203-5608-2
1694:978-1-84592-095-1
1671:978-1-317-88270-1
1664:. pp. 1–20.
1343:978-0-333-34026-4
370:Rodrigues Islands
362:British Mauritius
324:French Revolution
308:feudal allegiance
272:Dutch Cape Colony
230:Pedro Mascarenhas
226:Mascarene Islands
132:By naturalisation
81:
80:
3639:
3627:Law of Mauritius
3597:
3596:
3443:Denaturalization
3332:Papua New Guinea
3317:Marshall Islands
2999:
2998:
2604:
2543:
2542:
2245:
2244:
2234:Nationality laws
2227:
2220:
2213:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2172:
2162:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2117:
2106:
2063:
2035:
2033:
2016:
2001:
1981:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1960:
1923:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1861:
1836:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1731:
1725:. Archived from
1708:
1698:
1675:
1650:
1622:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1553:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1522:
1503:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1460:
1436:Feminist Studies
1425:
1423:
1421:
1347:
1313:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1202:
1196:
1187:
1181:
1175:
1169:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1121:
1115:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1010:
999:
993:
987:
981:
975:
969:
963:
957:
951:
945:
939:
933:
927:
921:
915:
909:
903:
897:
891:
885:
876:
870:
864:
858:
852:
846:
840:
834:
825:
819:
813:
807:
801:
795:
789:
783:
777:
771:
765:
759:
753:
747:
736:
730:
701:
695:
686:
680:
671:
665:
659:
653:
647:
641:
635:
629:
623:
617:
611:
605:
599:
593:
584:
578:
572:
566:
553:
547:
541:
535:
529:
523:
517:
511:
502:
496:
485:
479:
392:In 1911, at the
385:, and later the
242:
184:Dual nationality
179:Dual nationality
30:
18:
17:
3647:
3646:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3622:Nationality law
3612:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3569:
3543:
3524:Right of return
3485:
3422:
3385:
3379:
3342:Solomon Islands
3276:
3242:Northern Cyprus
3237:North Macedonia
3170:
3005:
2990:
2755:
2684:
2534:
2236:
2231:
2201:
2195:
2160:
2144:
2142:
2115:
2103:
2060:
2031:
2025:
2014:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1921:
1907:
1905:
1879:Grotius Society
1858:
1833:
1805:
1803:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1706:
1695:
1672:
1620:
1609:
1607:
1550:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1510:Badia Fiesolana
1501:
1487:
1485:
1449:10.2307/3177600
1419:
1417:
1344:
1321:
1316:
1308:
1304:
1296:
1292:
1284:
1280:
1272:
1268:
1264:, p. 1123.
1260:
1256:
1252:, p. 1122.
1248:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1220:
1216:, p. 1121.
1212:
1205:
1197:
1190:
1182:
1178:
1170:
1166:
1158:
1154:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1122:
1118:
1110:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1062:
1058:
1050:
1046:
1038:
1031:
1023:
1019:
1015:, p. 1120.
1011:
1002:
994:
990:
982:
978:
970:
966:
958:
954:
946:
942:
934:
930:
922:
918:
910:
906:
898:
894:
886:
879:
871:
867:
859:
855:
847:
843:
835:
828:
820:
816:
808:
804:
796:
792:
784:
780:
772:
768:
760:
756:
748:
739:
731:
704:
698:Malte-Brun 1827
696:
689:
681:
674:
666:
662:
654:
650:
642:
638:
630:
626:
618:
614:
606:
602:
594:
587:
579:
575:
567:
556:
548:
544:
536:
532:
524:
520:
512:
505:
501:, pp. 6–7.
497:
488:
480:
476:
472:
467:
437:
360:, establishing
354:
280:
236:
209:
204:
192:
181:
164:
134:
125:
117:
88:nationality law
64:Enacted by
59:
56:
51:
50:
12:
11:
5:
3645:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3591:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3504:
3499:
3493:
3491:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3455:Naturalization
3452:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3408:Nordic Council
3405:
3400:
3398:European Union
3395:
3389:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3361:American Samoa
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3272:United Kingdom
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3175:Rest of Europe
3172:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3041:Czech Republic
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
3003:European Union
2996:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2549:
2547:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2520:Western Sahara
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2310:Congo Republic
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2251:
2249:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2230:
2229:
2222:
2215:
2207:
2200:
2199:
2193:
2173:
2151:
2107:
2101:
2064:
2058:
2040:Manby, Bronwen
2036:
2023:
2006:Manby, Bronwen
2002:
1986:Manby, Bronwen
1982:
1971:
1914:
1862:
1856:
1837:
1831:
1812:
1742:
1699:
1693:
1676:
1670:
1651:
1627:Cunat, Charles
1623:
1554:
1548:
1533:
1494:
1426:
1375:10.1086/386266
1348:
1342:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1302:
1290:
1278:
1276:, p. 379.
1266:
1254:
1242:
1230:
1218:
1203:
1201:, p. 163.
1188:
1186:, p. 149.
1176:
1174:, p. 155.
1164:
1152:
1150:, p. 148.
1140:
1138:, p. 528.
1128:
1126:, p. 151.
1116:
1114:, p. 123.
1104:
1102:, p. 527.
1092:
1090:, p. 145.
1080:
1078:, p. 525.
1068:
1066:, p. 138.
1056:
1054:, p. 131.
1044:
1042:, p. 130.
1029:
1027:, p. 129.
1017:
1000:
988:
976:
964:
952:
940:
938:, p. 532.
928:
926:, p. 613.
916:
904:
902:, p. 347.
892:
877:
875:, p. 219.
873:Lobingier 1932
865:
863:, p. 192.
861:Lobingier 1932
853:
851:, p. 306.
841:
826:
814:
802:
790:
778:
776:, p. 162.
766:
754:
737:
702:
700:, p. 108.
687:
672:
670:, p. 114.
660:
648:
646:, p. 104.
636:
634:, p. 112.
624:
612:
600:
585:
573:
554:
542:
530:
518:
503:
486:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
444:or was not an
436:
433:
398:British Empire
374:British Empire
353:
350:
279:
276:
256:Grand Port Bay
208:
205:
203:
200:
191:
188:
180:
177:
163:
160:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
146:
137:Naturalisation
133:
130:
124:
121:
116:
113:
79:
78:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
58:
57:
54:
44:
43:
42:
39:
38:
32:
31:
23:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3644:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3602:
3601:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3585:Schengen Area
3582:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3572:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3534:Statelessness
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3466:Ius sanguinis
3463:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3453:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3429:
3419:
3418:African Union
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:organizations
3384:International
3382:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3357:United States
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3101:Liechtenstein
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3008:Schengen Area
3004:
3000:
2997:
2993:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2671:United States
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2370:Guinea-Bissau
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2228:
2223:
2221:
2216:
2214:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2196:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2158:
2152:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1972:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1920:
1915:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1813:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1549:0-913729-67-1
1545:
1541:
1540:
1534:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1506:cadmus.eui.eu
1500:
1495:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1312:, p. 24.
1311:
1306:
1300:, p. 22.
1299:
1294:
1287:
1282:
1275:
1270:
1263:
1262:Fransman 2011
1258:
1251:
1250:Fransman 2011
1246:
1239:
1238:Fransman 2011
1234:
1227:
1226:Fransman 2011
1222:
1215:
1214:Fransman 2011
1210:
1208:
1200:
1199:Fransman 2011
1195:
1193:
1185:
1184:Fransman 2011
1180:
1173:
1172:Fransman 2011
1168:
1161:
1160:Fransman 2011
1156:
1149:
1148:Fransman 2011
1144:
1137:
1132:
1125:
1124:Fransman 2011
1120:
1113:
1108:
1101:
1096:
1089:
1088:Fransman 2011
1084:
1077:
1072:
1065:
1064:Fransman 2011
1060:
1053:
1052:Fransman 2011
1048:
1041:
1040:Fransman 2011
1036:
1034:
1026:
1025:Fransman 2011
1021:
1014:
1013:Fransman 2011
1009:
1007:
1005:
998:, p. 45.
997:
992:
985:
980:
974:, p. 15.
973:
968:
961:
956:
950:, p. 36.
949:
944:
937:
932:
925:
920:
913:
908:
901:
896:
889:
888:Bertossi 2010
884:
882:
874:
869:
862:
857:
850:
845:
839:, p. 11.
838:
833:
831:
823:
818:
811:
806:
799:
794:
788:, p. 17.
787:
786:Prothero 1920
782:
775:
774:Hoonhout 2020
770:
763:
758:
751:
746:
744:
742:
734:
729:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
713:
711:
709:
707:
699:
694:
692:
684:
679:
677:
669:
664:
657:
652:
645:
640:
633:
628:
622:, p. 42.
621:
616:
610:, p. 67.
609:
604:
598:, p. 32.
597:
592:
590:
583:, p. 58.
582:
577:
571:, p. 92.
570:
565:
563:
561:
559:
552:, p. 55.
551:
546:
540:, p. 48.
539:
534:
528:, p. 34.
527:
522:
515:
514:Fransman 2011
510:
508:
500:
495:
493:
491:
483:
478:
474:
462:
459:
455:
449:
447:
443:
432:
430:
425:
419:
416:
412:
407:
403:
399:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
349:
346:
342:
338:
333:
329:
325:
321:
316:
314:
309:
305:
304:Ancien Régime
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
240:
235:
231:
227:
223:
218:
214:
199:
197:
187:
185:
176:
173:
172:denaturalised
169:
156:
153:
150:
147:
143:
142:
141:
138:
129:
120:
112:
110:
109:jus sanguinis
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
89:
86:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
53:
52:
49:
48:
40:
37:
33:
29:
24:
19:
16:
3599:
3565:Soviet Union
3560:Ancient Rome
3555:Nazi Germany
3481:Repatriation
3471:
3464:
3431:By procedure
2966:Turkmenistan
2921:Saudi Arabia
2485:South Africa
2470:Sierra Leone
2419:
2275:Burkina Faso
2241:By continent
2184:
2177:Rosas, Allan
2157:Dutch Guiana
2156:
2143:. Retrieved
2119:
2080:
2044:
2010:
1976:
1963:. Retrieved
1931:
1925:
1906:. Retrieved
1874:
1870:
1842:
1817:
1804:. Retrieved
1756:
1750:
1734:. Retrieved
1727:the original
1714:
1710:
1680:
1656:
1638:
1634:
1618:Project MUSE
1608:. Retrieved
1568:
1562:
1538:
1525:. Retrieved
1505:
1486:. Retrieved
1440:
1434:
1418:. Retrieved
1362:
1356:
1328:
1319:Bibliography
1305:
1293:
1281:
1269:
1257:
1245:
1233:
1221:
1179:
1167:
1155:
1143:
1136:Baldwin 2001
1131:
1119:
1107:
1100:Baldwin 2001
1095:
1083:
1076:Baldwin 2001
1071:
1059:
1047:
1020:
991:
979:
967:
955:
943:
931:
919:
907:
895:
890:, p. 3.
868:
856:
844:
824:, p. 8.
817:
812:, p. 6.
805:
793:
781:
769:
764:, p. 5.
757:
752:, p. 3.
663:
651:
639:
627:
615:
603:
576:
545:
533:
521:
516:, p. 4.
477:
450:
438:
420:
414:
410:
391:
355:
317:
288:Indian Ocean
281:
249:
210:
193:
182:
165:
135:
126:
118:
83:
82:
74:
45:
15:
3539:Travel visa
3497:Citizenship
3322:New Zealand
3166:Switzerland
3121:Netherlands
2931:South Korea
2911:Philippines
2891:North Korea
2771:Afghanistan
2675:Puerto Rico
2598:El Salvador
2490:South Sudan
2375:Ivory Coast
2069:"Mauritius"
1938:: 192–231.
1881:: 121–138.
1763:: 515–548.
1575:: 613–640.
1488:19 December
1369:: 522–556.
446:enemy alien
379:legitimated
337:coup d'état
237: [
101:citizenship
97:nationality
3616:Categories
3252:San Marino
3232:Montenegro
3197:Azerbaijan
3111:Luxembourg
2976:Uzbekistan
2946:Tajikistan
2851:Kyrgyzstan
2846:Kazakhstan
2806:East Timor
2781:Bangladesh
2603:Greenland
2578:Costa Rica
2480:Somaliland
2465:Seychelles
2430:Mozambique
2415:Mauritania
2400:Madagascar
2355:The Gambia
2290:Cape Verde
2048:. Oxford:
1952:8254996940
1903:5544683551
1877:. London:
1793:8271382325
1736:8 February
1660:. London:
1610:7 November
1597:8697674314
1483:5552680992
1399:4637986477
1332:. London:
1310:Manby 2020
1298:Manby 2020
1286:Manby 2018
1274:Manby 2018
972:Dwyer 2014
960:Heuer 2009
948:Niort 2007
936:Heuer 2009
924:Cross 2020
900:Basch 1979
849:Cunat 1857
810:Glenn 2008
683:Manby 2016
668:Manby 2016
656:Manby 2016
644:Manby 2016
632:Manby 2016
620:Manby 2020
608:Manby 2016
596:Manby 2020
581:Manby 2016
569:Manby 2016
550:Manby 2016
538:Manby 2016
526:Rosas 1994
499:Manby 2016
482:Manby 2016
465:References
454:foundlings
260:Port Louis
145:Mauritian;
47:Long title
3490:By result
3292:Australia
3106:Lithuania
2936:Sri Lanka
2926:Singapore
2906:Palestine
2816:Indonesia
2751:Venezuela
2696:Argentina
2656:St. Lucia
2641:Nicaragua
2616:Guatemala
2420:Mauritius
2169:254585628
2140:0583-8266
2126:: 19–45.
1944:0010-8847
1887:1479-1234
1801:144641062
1777:0738-2480
1723:1387-3091
1662:Routledge
1647:457309267
1605:226967160
1589:0043-5597
1467:0046-3663
1383:0021-9371
733:Nave 2010
470:Citations
406:Dominions
313:coverture
300:Louis XIV
85:Mauritian
3600:Category
3512:Internal
3507:Passport
3473:Ius soli
3403:Mercosur
3312:Kiribati
3151:Slovenia
3146:Slovakia
3136:Portugal
3026:Bulgaria
2956:Thailand
2901:Pakistan
2876:Mongolia
2871:Malaysia
2796:Cambodia
2741:Suriname
2731:Paraguay
2716:Colombia
2626:Honduras
2588:Dominica
2563:Barbados
2539:Americas
2530:Zimbabwe
2500:Tanzania
2345:Ethiopia
2340:Eswatini
2320:Djibouti
2285:Cameroon
2270:Botswana
2179:(1994).
2145:23 April
2079:(eds.).
2042:(2018).
2029:Archived
2008:(2016).
1998:Archived
1956:Archived
1908:25 March
1806:13 April
1785:40646056
1629:(1857).
1518:Archived
1420:25 March
1407:18161209
415:jus soli
168:renounce
123:By birth
3548:Defunct
3375:Vanuatu
3285:Oceania
3267:Ukraine
3222:Moldova
3212:Georgia
3202:Belarus
3192:Andorra
3187:Armenia
3182:Albania
3141:Romania
3086:Ireland
3081:Iceland
3076:Hungary
3066:Germany
3056:Finland
3051:Estonia
3046:Denmark
3031:Croatia
3021:Belgium
3016:Austria
2981:Vietnam
2881:Myanmar
2866:Lebanon
2776:Bahrain
2746:Uruguay
2721:Ecuador
2701:Bolivia
2631:Jamaica
2611:Grenada
2558:Bahamas
2510:Tunisia
2475:Somalia
2460:Senegal
2445:Nigeria
2435:Namibia
2425:Morocco
2390:Liberia
2385:Lesotho
2335:Eritrea
2305:Comoros
2280:Burundi
2255:Algeria
1965:9 April
1527:9 April
1475:3177600
1415:5762190
1391:3070746
458:orphans
217:Réunion
202:History
75:Status:
3352:Tuvalu
3262:Turkey
3257:Serbia
3247:Russia
3227:Monaco
3217:Kosovo
3161:Sweden
3131:Poland
3126:Norway
3096:Latvia
3071:Greece
3061:France
3036:Cyprus
2995:Europe
2961:Turkey
2951:Taiwan
2856:Kuwait
2841:Jordan
2831:Israel
2791:Brunei
2786:Bhutan
2726:Guyana
2706:Brazil
2646:Panama
2636:Mexico
2573:Canada
2568:Belize
2525:Zambia
2515:Uganda
2450:Rwanda
2405:Malawi
2365:Guinea
2260:Angola
2248:Africa
2191:
2167:
2138:
2099:
2056:
2021:
1950:
1942:
1901:
1895:742756
1893:
1885:
1854:
1829:
1799:
1791:
1783:
1775:
1721:
1691:
1668:
1645:
1603:
1595:
1587:
1546:
1481:
1473:
1465:
1413:
1405:
1397:
1389:
1381:
1340:
411:person
400:. The
3347:Tonga
3337:Samoa
3327:Palau
3307:Nauru
3156:Spain
3116:Malta
3091:Italy
2986:Yemen
2941:Syria
2916:Qatar
2886:Nepal
2836:Japan
2811:India
2801:China
2711:Chile
2689:South
2621:Haiti
2546:North
2495:Sudan
2440:Niger
2395:Libya
2380:Kenya
2360:Ghana
2350:Gabon
2325:Egypt
2265:Benin
2161:(PDF)
2116:(PDF)
2071:. In
2032:(PDF)
2015:(PDF)
1959:(PDF)
1922:(PDF)
1891:JSTOR
1797:S2CID
1781:JSTOR
1730:(PDF)
1707:(PDF)
1637:[
1601:S2CID
1521:(PDF)
1502:(PDF)
1471:JSTOR
1411:S2CID
1387:JSTOR
264:Dutch
241:]
3369:Guam
3302:Fiji
3006:and
2896:Oman
2861:Laos
2826:Iraq
2821:Iran
2764:Asia
2736:Peru
2583:Cuba
2505:Togo
2410:Mali
2300:Chad
2189:ISBN
2165:OCLC
2147:2021
2136:ISSN
2097:ISBN
2054:ISBN
2019:ISBN
1967:2021
1948:OCLC
1940:ISSN
1910:2021
1899:OCLC
1883:ISSN
1852:ISBN
1827:ISBN
1808:2021
1789:OCLC
1773:ISSN
1738:2021
1719:ISSN
1689:ISBN
1666:ISBN
1643:OCLC
1612:2021
1593:OCLC
1585:ISSN
1544:ISBN
1529:2021
1490:2020
1479:OCLC
1463:ISSN
1422:2021
1403:PMID
1395:OCLC
1379:ISSN
1338:ISBN
332:wars
318:The
2128:doi
2089:doi
1765:doi
1577:doi
1453:hdl
1445:doi
1371:doi
456:or
339:of
3618::
3367:,
3363:,
2677:,
2134:.
2118:.
2095:.
2087:.
2075:;
2052:.
2027:.
1996:.
1954:.
1946:.
1932:18
1930:.
1924:.
1897:.
1889:.
1875:15
1873:.
1869:.
1850:.
1825:.
1795:.
1787:.
1779:.
1771:.
1757:27
1755:.
1749:.
1715:12
1713:.
1709:.
1687:.
1633:.
1599:.
1591:.
1583:.
1569:77
1567:.
1561:.
1516:.
1512::
1508:.
1504:.
1477:.
1469:.
1461:.
1451:.
1439:.
1433:.
1409:.
1401:.
1393:.
1385:.
1377:.
1363:40
1361:.
1355:.
1336:.
1206:^
1191:^
1032:^
1003:^
880:^
829:^
740:^
705:^
690:^
675:^
588:^
557:^
506:^
489:^
431:.
389:.
315:.
266::
239:nl
3587:.
3580:.
3371:)
3359:(
2681:)
2673:(
2226:e
2219:t
2212:v
2197:.
2171:.
2149:.
2130::
2105:.
2091::
2062:.
1969:.
1912:.
1860:.
1835:.
1810:.
1767::
1740:.
1697:.
1674:.
1649:.
1614:.
1579::
1552:.
1531:.
1492:.
1455::
1447::
1441:5
1424:.
1373::
1346:.
735:.
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