133:
650:
22:
403:
The U.S. Supreme Court reversed the judgment of the lower court. The Court held that the First
Amendment protects both "the right to distribute literature" and "the right to receive it" and stated that the distribution of literature is protected "even if it creates the minor nuisance for a community
386:
city ordinance which made it illegal to knock on doors to distribute handouts to that contained information about religious meetings. Martin confessed to handing out invitations to their religious meetings. The city ordinance was created to keep solicitors from coming to people's home and causing a
440:
The most ... that can be or has been read into the ordinance is a prohibition of free distribution of printed matter by summoning inmates to their doors. There are excellent reasons to support a determination of the city council that such distributors may not disturb householders while permitting
416:
The ordinance does not control anything but the distribution of literature, and in that respect, it substitutes the judgment of the community for the judgment of the individual householder. It submits the distributor to criminal punishment for annoying the person on whom he calls, even though the
374:
Historically, Jehovah's
Witnesses often ran into conflict when going door to door distributing their religious pamphlets and information. They were often met with violence and/or arrest for practicing what they saw as their constitutional rights of religion and freedom of speech.
4698:
1430:
420:
In any case the problem must be worked out by each community for itself with due respect for the constitutional rights of those desiring to distribute literature and those desiring to receive it, as well as those who choose to exclude such distributors from the home. ...
4666:
412:
While door to door distributors of literature may be either a nuisance or a blind for criminal activities, they may also be useful members of society engaged in the dissemination of ideas in accordance with the best tradition of free discussion. ...
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4421:
1820:
2022:
1019:
4746:
1099:
6187:
3470:
6320:
1454:
5773:
4818:
378:
In 1943, a woman from
Struthers, Ohio by the name of Thelma Martin went knocking on doors to pass out Jehovah's Witness leaflets to people in her city. Martin's visits were not well received by some households which led to her arrest.
4810:
3478:
1876:
1497:
1107:
920:
987:
1540:
447:
To prohibit such a call leaves open distribution of the notice on the street or at the home without signal to announce its deposit. Such assurance of privacy falls far short of an abridgment of freedom of the press.
441:
salesmen and others to call them to the door. Practical experience may well convince the council that irritations arise frequently from this method of advertising. The classification is certainly not discriminatory.
1414:
4738:
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1884:
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1908:
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4634:
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4690:
3644:
2701:
6155:
4905:
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3462:
1123:
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2082:
896:
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3692:
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3454:
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6096:
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4514:
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1631:
1438:
1155:
1828:
2797:
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3612:
6383:
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4626:
2058:
1091:
963:
6147:
6056:
4802:
4240:
4224:
4077:
4069:
3567:
1347:
6373:
5765:
5057:
1772:
4714:
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4152:
3551:
3144:
1470:
519:
5658:
4009:
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1139:
5319:
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2773:
2435:
1916:
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4602:
4429:
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3104:
2270:
1011:
392:
5690:
5370:
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4858:
3136:
1513:
1187:
819:
665:
174:
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1355:
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388:
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220:
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3112:
1296:
1043:
1027:
867:
492:
Smith, Chuck (June 22, 2001). "The persecution of West
Virginia Jehovah's Witnesses and the expansion of legal protection for religious liberty".
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2030:
1462:
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3220:
888:
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39:
86:
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1312:
570:
58:
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3708:
3700:
2765:
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2749:
811:
5501:
5403:
4897:
3824:
3652:
3300:
2661:
2629:
1985:
1203:
1035:
597:"Constitutional Law Freedom of Speech and Press - Distribution of Literature Martin v. City of Struthers, Ohio, 317, U.S. 589 - 1943"
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2525:
1505:
1371:
751:
65:
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3993:
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1700:
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1844:
1363:
904:
596:
72:
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4101:
4029:
2175:
1948:
1387:
1328:
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6112:
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5477:
4730:
3628:
3543:
3486:
2956:
2066:
1256:
654:
54:
5730:
5227:
3668:
2907:
2014:
1556:
1446:
912:
465:
Henderson, Jennifer (September 22, 2004). "The
Jehovah's Witnesses and their plan to expand first amendment freedoms".
347:
137:
6264:
5493:
4304:
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3660:
3173:
2874:
2685:
2360:
2049:
105:
6064:
5749:
4929:
4722:
4037:
3284:
2789:
1599:
5722:
5311:
4770:
4120:
3948:
2837:
2653:
2565:
2206:
6336:
5650:
5642:
5573:
5544:
4498:
4373:
4248:
3051:
2403:
2336:
1940:
1868:
1232:
928:
43:
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5081:
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4538:
4381:
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843:
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She was convicted "in the Mayor's Court" and fined $ 10.00 (equivalent to $ 180 in 2023) for violating a
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79:
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2419:
859:
6388:
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We conclude that the ordinance is invalid because in conflict with the freedom of speech and press.
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703:
366:. The ruling was 5-4 and deemed trespassing laws a better fit for the town imposing the ordinance.
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520:"First Amendment Right to Receive Information and Ideas Justifies Citizens' Videotaping of"
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224:
8:
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2411:
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1764:
1575:
1548:
1498:
Valley Forge
Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
1280:
1163:
1108:
Valley Forge
Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
827:
274:
6296:
5698:
5437:
5073:
4850:
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286:
270:
6272:
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5132:
5116:
5001:
4889:
4699:
Ibanez v. Florida Dept. of
Business and Professional Regulation, Bd. of Accountancy
4365:
4176:
3816:
3502:
3372:
3260:
3027:
2451:
2090:
2074:
1932:
1812:
1748:
1708:
1583:
1115:
851:
501:
474:
169:
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5517:
5453:
5415:
5276:
5207:
4866:
4389:
4296:
3919:
3756:
3740:
3716:
2968:
2940:
2898:
2866:
2310:
2254:
1993:
1732:
1684:
1639:
1591:
1406:
1272:
1248:
1211:
383:
242:
6304:
5378:
5362:
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4144:
4021:
2372:
1969:
1489:
1304:
979:
6357:
3096:
2290:
2119:
417:
recipient of the literature distributed is, in fact, glad to receive it. ...
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4842:
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3931:
3887:
3203:
1852:
1796:
505:
478:
282:
250:
6328:
5156:
2463:
387:
disturbance. Martin's argument was that the city ordinance violated her
350:
case in which the Court held that a law prohibiting the distribution of
5625:
5420:
4619:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public
Utilities Comm'n of California
3552:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public
Utilities Comm'n of California
2186:
571:"Martin v. City of Struthers, Ohio - ACLU Pros & Cons - ProCon.org"
405:
258:
185:
4667:
Peel v. Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission of Illinois
2083:
Little Sisters of the Poor Saints Peter and Paul Home v. Pennsylvania
351:
216:
4579:
Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp. v. Public Service Commission
21:
6241:
Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc.
6097:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
3560:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
2191:
4635:
San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc. v. U.S. Olympic Committee
649:
436:
Justices Reed, Roberts and Jackson dissented. Justice Reed wrote:
4611:
Zauderer v. Off. of Disciplinary Counsel of Supreme Court of Ohio
4515:
Virginia State Pharmacy Bd. v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council
3455:
Perry Education Association v. Perry Local Educators' Association
2798:
American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression v. Strickland
4755:
Los Angeles Police Department v. United Reporting Publishing Co.
4422:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
1821:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
3685:
Board of Regents of the Univ. of Wisconsin System v. Southworth
3568:
Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic & Institutional Rights, Inc.
181:
132:
4803:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4313:
U.S. Civil Service Comm'n v. National Ass'n of Letter Carriers
4241:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4225:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
4078:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4070:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
1020:
Levitt v. Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty
4747:
Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Assn., Inc. v. United States
1773:
Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market of Massachusetts, Inc.
1100:
Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty v. Regan
6188:
Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party
4483:
Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Comm'n on Human Relations
3471:
International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. v. Lee
3145:
City of Austin v. Reagan National Advertising of Austin, LLC
6321:
BE and K Construction Co. v. National Labor Relations Board
4819:
Jerman v. Carlisle, McNellie, Rini, Kramer & Ulrich LPA
4627:
Posadas de Puerto Rico Assoc. v. Tourism Co. of Puerto Rico
1471:
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan v. Acevedo Feliciano
428:
Therefore, Martin won her right to distribute information.
5774:
Denver Area Ed. Telecommunications Consortium, Inc. v. FCC
5058:
Arizona Free Enterprise Club's Freedom Club PAC v. Bennett
3576:
National Institute of Family and Life Advocates v. Becerra
2059:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
1632:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1156:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1140:
Witters v. Washington Department of Services for the Blind
759:
1917:
Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission
1348:
Lamb's Chapel v. Center Moriches Union Free School Dist.
5659:
Greenbelt Cooperative Publishing Ass'n, Inc. v. Bresler
3767:
5691:
Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc.
4811:
Milavetz, Gallop & Milavetz, P.A. v. United States
4603:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
4430:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
4978:
FEC v. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee
4962:
Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. FEC
4859:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
3137:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
1356:
Capitol Square Review & Advisory Board v. Pinette
820:
County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties Union
6374:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court
6281:
California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited
5683:
Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, Inc.
3479:
Arkansas Educational Television Commission v. Forbes
2271:
Communist Party v. Subversive Activities Control Bd.
1877:
Frazee v. Illinois Department of Employment Security
6384:
Jehovah's Witnesses litigation in the United States
4153:
Mt. Healthy City School Dist. Board of Ed. v. Doyle
3849:
USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International II
3809:
Regan v. Taxation with Representation of Washington
988:
Board of Ed. of Central School Dist. No. 1 v. Allen
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4209:United States v. National Treasury Employees Union
4002:West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
3880:Walker v. Texas Div., Sons of Confederate Veterans
3841:USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International I
2742:United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc.
1901:Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah
1541:Two Guys from Harrison-Allentown, Inc. v. McGinley
6313:Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation
6180:New York State Board of Elections v. Lopez Torres
5141:Brown v. Socialist Workers '74 Campaign Committee
4914:Citizens Against Rent Control v. City of Berkeley
3365:Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network of Western New York
3113:Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Crime Victims Board
836:McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union
311:Black, joined by Stone, Douglas, Murphy, Rutledge
6355:
4010:Tinker v. Des Moines Ind. Community School Dist.
3784:Minnesota Board for Community Colleges v. Knight
2949:Board of Airport Commissioners v. Jews for Jesus
1455:Serbian Eastern Orthodox Diocese v. Milivojevich
868:American Legion v. American Humanist Association
5960:Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath
5715:Harte-Hanks Communications, Inc. v. Connaughton
5066:American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock
4739:Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliot, Inc.
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2031:Our Lady of Guadalupe School v. Morrissey-Berru
1415:Gonzalez v. Roman Catholic Archbishop of Manila
5293:National Rifle Association of America v. Vullo
4342:Mutual Film Corp. v. Industrial Comm'n of Ohio
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404:of cleaning litter from its streets." Justice
3749:Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association
1148:Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District
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6000:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
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5598:Minneapolis Star Tribune Co. v. Commissioner
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4169:Smith v. Arkansas State Hwy. Employees Local
3520:West Virginia State Board of Ed. v. Barnette
3325:Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence
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1885:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
1624:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
1060:Public Funds for Public Schools v. Marburger
408:, writing the opinion of the court, stated,
5809:Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Co.
5200:Manhattan Community Access Corp. v. Halleck
4707:Lebron v. National Railroad Passenger Corp.
4161:Givhan v. Western Line Consol. School Dist.
1925:Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo
1514:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1188:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1076:Roemer v. Board of Public Works of Maryland
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4531:Carey v. Population Services International
4217:Board of Comm'rs, Wabaunsee Cty. v. Umbehr
4054:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
3904:Houston Community College System v. Wilson
3309:USPS v. Council of Greenburgh Civic Assns.
2750:City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, Inc.
2710:American Booksellers Ass'n, Inc. v. Hudnut
2436:Nat'l Socialist Party v. Village of Skokie
1297:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
889:Walz v. Tax Comm'n of the City of New York
812:Board of Trustees of Scarsdale v. McCreary
752:
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6394:American Civil Liberties Union litigation
6379:United States Free Speech Clause case law
6289:Smith v. Arkansas State Highway Employees
5502:Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia
4898:First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti
4779:Thompson v. Western States Medical Center
4571:Consol. Edison Co. v. Public Serv. Comm'n
3825:National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley
3725:Ysursa v. Pocatello Education Association
3653:Communications Workers of America v. Beck
2662:United States v. 12 200-ft. Reels of Film
2630:United States v. Thirty-seven Photographs
1986:Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue
1909:Watchtower Society v. Village of Stratton
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1036:Committee for Public Education v. Nyquist
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5347:Jones v. North Carolina Prisoners' Union
2526:United States v. One Book Called Ulysses
1663:
1506:Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation
1372:Good News Club v. Milford Central School
773:
6211:
6081:New York Club Ass'n v. City of New York
5848:
5782:Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. FCC
5050:Nevada Commission on Ethics v. Carrigan
4970:Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC
4922:FEC v. National Right to Work Committee
4835:Expressions Hair Design v. Schneiderman
4675:City of Cincinnati v. Discovery Network
3709:Davenport v. Washington Education Ass'n
3528:Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo
2766:United States v. American Library Ass'n
2726:United States v. X-Citement Video, Inc.
2678:Southeastern Promotions, Ltd. v. Conrad
398:
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5817:Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
4986:Republican Party of Minnesota v. White
4954:Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
4946:Eu v. S.F. Cty. Democratic Cent. Comm.
4938:FEC v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life
4691:United States v. Edge Broadcasting Co.
4446:Forsyth County v. Nationalist Movement
4046:Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
3994:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
3973:Communist Party of Indiana v. Whitcomb
3941:American Communications Ass'n v. Douds
3645:Chicago Local Teachers Union v. Hudson
3512:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
2822:Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Ass'n
2702:Vance v. Universal Amusement Co., Inc.
1701:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
1321:Elk Grove Unif. School Dist. v. Newdow
215:A law prohibiting the distribution of
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6156:Timmons v. Twin Cities Area New Party
6073:Rotary Int'l v. Rotary Club of Duarte
5938:
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4906:California Medical Association v. FEC
4555:Ohralik v. Ohio State Bar Association
4193:Rutan v. Republican Party of Illinois
3463:Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense Fund
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2694:Young v. American Mini Theatres, Inc.
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1845:Bob Jones University v. United States
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772:
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491:
120:1943 United States Supreme Court case
6164:California Democratic Party v. Jones
5606:Arkansas Writers' Project v. Ragland
5026:FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc.
5010:Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. v. FEC
4795:Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n
4102:Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.
4030:Island Trees School District v. Pico
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2830:FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc.
1124:School Dist. of Grand Rapids v. Ball
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44:adding citations to reliable sources
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6113:Christian Legal Society v. Martinez
5478:New York Times Co. v. United States
4731:44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island
4659:State University of New York v. Fox
4643:Shapero v. Kentucky Bar Association
3629:Abood v. Detroit Board of Education
3544:Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins
3487:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
2957:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
2067:Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
1257:Abington School District v. Schempp
897:California v. Grace Brethren Church
622:"MARTIN v. CITY OF STRUTHERS, OHIO"
573:. December 16, 2018. Archived from
13:
5731:Obsidian Finance Group, LLC v. Cox
4763:United States v. United Foods Inc.
4414:Mine Workers v. Illinois Bar Assn.
3776:Steele v. Louisville & N.R. Co
3693:United States v. United Foods Inc.
2908:Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project
2015:NLRB v. Catholic Bishop of Chicago
1557:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
1447:Presbyterian Church v. Hull Church
913:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
138:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
6415:
6369:United States Supreme Court cases
6265:United Mine Workers v. Pennington
5149:McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n
4651:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
4438:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
4398:Railroad Trainmen v. Virginia Bar
4305:United Public Workers v. Mitchell
4273:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
3833:Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez
3661:Keller v. State Bar of California
3301:Org. for a Better Austin v. Keefe
3174:Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc.
2875:Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition
2686:Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville
2361:Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus
1949:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1439:Kreshik v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
1431:Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
1388:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1329:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1313:Santa Fe Ind. School Dist. v. Doe
921:Corp. of Presiding Bishop v. Amos
672:141 (1943) is available from:
642:
626:LII / Legal Information Institute
611:
536:
156:Martin v. City of Struthers, Ohio
6065:Roberts v. United States Jaycees
5750:Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC
4930:FEC v. National Conservative PAC
4723:Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc.
4062:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
4038:Bethel School District v. Fraser
3410:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
3285:Carroll v. Town of Princess Anne
1978:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
1364:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
1196:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
648:
335:Reed, joined by Roberts, Jackson
131:
20:
5723:Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co.
5312:NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co.
5261:Lozman v. City of Riviera Beach
4771:Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly
4475:Rowan v. U.S. Post Office Dept.
4121:Pickering v. Board of Education
3949:Garner v. Board of Public Works
3669:Lehnert v. Ferris Faculty Ass'n
2838:Free Speech Coalition v. Paxton
2654:Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton
2566:MANual Enterprises, Inc. v. Day
2207:Masses Publishing Co. v. Patten
354:from door to door violated the
219:from door to door violated the
31:needs additional citations for
6364:1943 in United States case law
6337:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
5651:Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts
5643:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
5574:Grosjean v. American Press Co.
5545:Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
5494:Nebraska Press Ass'n v. Stuart
4499:Goldfarb v. Virginia State Bar
4374:Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v. Wilson
4249:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
3613:Ry. Emps. Department v. Hanson
2404:Terminiello v. City of Chicago
2337:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
2042:Statutory religious exemptions
1941:Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
1233:McCollum v. Board of Education
929:Texas Monthly, Inc. v. Bullock
589:
563:
512:
485:
458:
1:
6140:Democratic Party v. Wisconsin
6105:Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
6057:Hishon v. King & Spalding
5082:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
4587:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
4539:Bates v. State Bar of Arizona
4382:Kingsley Books, Inc. v. Brown
4265:Heffernan v. City of Paterson
3965:Keyishian v. Board of Regents
3872:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
3089:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
2916:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
1600:Larkin v. Grendel's Den, Inc.
1092:New York v. Cathedral Academy
972:Everson v. Board of Education
964:Cochran v. Board of Education
844:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
761:United States First Amendment
452:
369:
55:"Martin v. City of Struthers"
6148:Tashjian v. Republican Party
5984:Bates v. City of Little Rock
5890:Protection from prosecution
5470:Lamont v. Postmaster General
5125:Bates v. City of Little Rock
3293:Coates v. City of Cincinnati
3190:Packingham v. North Carolina
3081:Lamont v. Postmaster General
1893:Employment Division v. Smith
346:, 319 U.S. 141 (1943), is a
7:
6225:United States v. Cruikshank
5871:United States v. Cruikshank
5766:FCC v. WNCN Listeners Guild
5707:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
5667:Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc.
3912:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
3341:Ward v. Rock Against Racism
3237:Martin v. City of Struthers
3052:City of Erie v. Pap's A. M.
2582:Quantity of Books v. Kansas
2396:Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
2345:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
1869:O'Lone v. Estate of Shabazz
1380:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
655:Martin v. City of Struthers
494:Journal of Church and State
467:Journal of Church and State
431:
348:United States Supreme Court
10:
6420:
5758:FCC v. Pacifica Foundation
5098:FEC v. Ted Cruz for Senate
4827:Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc.
4715:Rubin v. Coors Brewing Co.
3584:303 Creative LLC v. Elenis
3121:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
2444:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
2420:Gregory v. City of Chicago
860:Town of Greece v. Galloway
6257:Edwards v. South Carolina
6219:
6206:
6123:
6048:
6029:
6010:
5951:
5947:
5934:
5889:
5860:
5856:
5843:
5800:
5741:
5624:
5614:Cohen v. Cowles Media Co.
5563:
5528:
5462:Hannegan v. Esquire, Inc.
5446:Lovell v. City of Griffin
5414:
5410:
5397:
5330:
5303:
5226:
5175:
5108:
4877:
4456:
4331:
4283:
4112:
3983:
3930:
3859:
3798:
3602:
3501:
3428:
3391:
3253:Edwards v. South Carolina
3200:
3155:
3070:
2967:
2926:
2897:
2848:
2806:United States v. Kilbride
2790:United States v. Williams
2590:Ginzburg v. United States
2507:
2462:
2371:
2321:
2185:
2174:
2170:
2150:
2101:
2048:
2041:
2004:
1959:
1677:Reynolds v. United States
1671:
1658:
1567:
1524:
1481:
1398:
1339:
1222:
955:
878:
785:
781:
768:
331:
323:
315:
307:
302:
236:
231:
214:
209:
198:
193:
161:
151:
144:
130:
125:
5968:Watkins v. United States
5553:Florida Star v. B. J. F.
4491:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
4467:Valentine v. Chrestensen
4094:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
3768:Compelled representation
3733:Knox v. SEIU, Local 1000
3439:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
3418:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
3036:United States v. Eichman
2988:United States v. O'Brien
2814:United States v. Stevens
2598:Memoirs v. Massachusetts
2558:Marcus v. Search Warrant
2353:United States v. Alvarez
2284:clear and present danger
2215:Schenck v. United States
1725:United States v. Ballard
1423:United States v. Ballard
1340:Private religious speech
1180:Zelman v. Simmons-Harris
937:City of Boerne v. Flores
6124:Primaries and elections
5675:Time, Inc. v. Firestone
5635:Beauharnais v. Illinois
5320:FTC v. Superior Ct. TLA
4358:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
3637:Ellis v. Railway Clerks
3592:Moody v. NetChoice, LLC
3182:City of Ladue v. Gilleo
3166:Schneider v. New Jersey
3129:Reed v. Town of Gilbert
2980:Stromberg v. California
2883:United States v. Hansen
2489:Elonis v. United States
2388:Cantwell v. Connecticut
2304:imminent lawless action
2263:Dennis v. United States
2231:Abrams v. United States
2200:Alien and Sedition Acts
1717:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
1693:Cantwell v. Connecticut
1399:Internal church affairs
6049:Membership restriction
5941:Freedom of association
5892:and state restrictions
5590:Houchins v. KQED, Inc.
5042:Citizens United v. FEC
4015:substantial disruption
3317:United States v. Grace
3213:Davis v. Massachusetts
3044:Barnes v. Glen Theatre
2518:Rosen v. United States
2497:Counterman v. Colorado
2473:Watts v. United States
2279:Yates v. United States
1829:Thomas v. Review Board
1757:Fowler v. Rhode Island
450:
426:
5801:Copyrighted materials
5430:Patterson v. Colorado
5339:Procunier v. Martinez
5192:Lloyd Corp. v. Tanner
4334:restriction of speech
4321:Broadrick v. Oklahoma
2534:Roth v. United States
2247:Whitney v. California
2223:Debs v. United States
2023:Hosanna-Tabor v. EEOC
2006:Ministerial exception
1960:Exclusion of religion
1861:Goldman v. Weinberger
601:St. John's Law Review
547:"Martin V. Struthers"
438:
410:
362:, specifically their
204:Supreme Court of Ohio
145:Argued March 11, 1943
5404:Freedom of the press
5228:Official retaliation
4882:and political speech
4406:Freedman v. Maryland
4350:Cox v. New Hampshire
4233:Garcetti v. Ceballos
3621:Machinists v. Street
3245:Niemotko v. Maryland
3229:Thornhill v. Alabama
3105:Butterworth v. Smith
3004:Spence v. Washington
2646:Miller v. California
2614:Ginsberg v. New York
1962:from public benefits
1837:United States v. Lee
1741:Niemotko v. Maryland
1665:Free Exercise Clause
1289:Edwards v. Aguillard
1265:Epperson v. Arkansas
1012:Lemon v. Kurtzman II
1004:Tilton v. Richardson
775:Establishment Clause
577:on December 16, 2018
506:10.1093/jcs/43.3.539
479:10.1093/jcs/46.4.811
399:Opinion of the Court
393:Fourteenth Amendment
40:improve this article
6213:Freedom to petition
5879:Presser v. Illinois
5850:Freedom of assembly
5790:Bartnicki v. Vopper
5371:Overton v. Bazzetta
5285:Gonzalez v. Trevino
4787:Nike, Inc. v. Kasky
4507:Bigelow v. Virginia
4201:Waters v. Churchill
4185:Rankin v. McPherson
4129:Perry v. Sindermann
3381:McCullen v. Coakley
3277:Adderley v. Florida
2996:Cohen v. California
2851:to criminal conduct
2774:Ashcroft v. ACLU II
2550:Smith v. California
2542:One, Inc. v. Olesen
2428:Cohen v. California
2299:Brandenburg v. Ohio
1533:McGowan v. Maryland
945:Cutter v. Wilkinson
879:Statutory religious
722:Library of Congress
662:Martin v. Struthers
343:Martin v. Struthers
147:Decided May 3, 1943
126:Martin v. Struthers
6172:Clingman v. Beaver
6089:Dallas v. Stanglin
6019:Baggett v. Bullitt
5900:De Jonge v. Oregon
5825:Eldred v. Ashcroft
5582:Branzburg v. Hayes
5537:Time, Inc. v. Hill
5269:Nieves v. Bartlett
5245:Reichle v. Howards
5216:Murthy v. Missouri
5090:Thompson v. Hebdon
5018:Randall v. Sorrell
4563:Friedman v. Rogers
4086:Morse v. Frederick
3957:Speiser v. Randall
3269:Brown v. Louisiana
3020:Dallas v. Stanglin
2859:New York v. Ferber
2758:Ashcroft v. ACLU I
2670:Jenkins v. Georgia
2622:Stanley v. Georgia
2606:Redrup v. New York
2574:Jacobellis v. Ohio
2412:Feiner v. New York
2239:Gitlow v. New York
2128:Ramirez v. Collier
1805:Wisconsin v. Yoder
1789:Sherbert v. Verner
1781:Torcaso v. Watkins
1765:Braunfeld v. Brown
1576:Torcaso v. Watkins
1549:Braunfeld v. Brown
1281:Wallace v. Jaffree
1164:Agostini v. Felton
1052:Wheeler v. Barrera
828:Van Orden v. Perry
275:William O. Douglas
247:Associate Justices
180:63 S. Ct. 862; 87
6351:
6350:
6347:
6346:
6297:McDonald v. Smith
6233:Thomas v. Collins
6202:
6201:
6198:
6197:
6132:Cousins v. Wigoda
5930:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5908:Thomas v. Collins
5839:
5838:
5835:
5834:
5699:McDonald v. Smith
5486:Pell v. Procunier
5438:Near v. Minnesota
5393:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5074:McCutcheon v. FEC
4851:Iancu v. Brunetti
4683:Edenfield v. Fane
4458:Commercial speech
4137:Arnett v. Kennedy
3896:Iancu v. Brunetti
3799:Government grants
3794:
3793:
3605:of others' speech
3603:Compelled subsidy
3536:Wooley v. Maynard
3497:
3496:
3402:Widmar v. Vincent
3349:Burson v. Freeman
3333:Frisby v. Schultz
3060:Virginia v. Black
2893:
2892:
2782:Nitke v. Gonzales
2718:People v. Freeman
2638:Kois v. Wisconsin
2481:Virginia v. Black
2157:Freedom of speech
2146:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2112:Sossamon v. Texas
1654:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1616:Bowen v. Kendrick
1608:Larson v. Valente
1482:Taxpayer standing
1241:Zorach v. Clauson
1172:Mitchell v. Helms
1132:Aguilar v. Felton
1068:Meek v. Pittenger
996:Lemon v. Kurtzman
804:Lynch v. Donnelly
796:Marsh v. Chambers
653:Works related to
364:freedom of speech
360:Jehovah's Witness
339:
338:
295:Wiley B. Rutledge
287:Robert H. Jackson
271:Felix Frankfurter
225:Jehovah's Witness
116:
115:
108:
90:
6411:
6389:1943 in religion
6273:Cox v. Louisiana
6208:
6207:
5976:NAACP v. Alabama
5949:
5948:
5936:
5935:
5858:
5857:
5845:
5844:
5416:Prior restraints
5412:
5411:
5399:
5398:
5355:Turner v. Safley
5237:Hartman v. Moore
5184:Marsh v. Alabama
5133:Buckley v. Valeo
5117:NAACP v. Alabama
5109:Anonymous speech
5002:McConnell v. FEC
4890:Buckley v. Valeo
4879:Campaign finance
4366:Kunz v. New York
4177:Connick v. Myers
4113:Public employees
3817:Rust v. Sullivan
3765:
3764:
3503:Compelled speech
3373:Hill v. Colorado
3261:Cox v. Louisiana
3198:
3197:
3028:Texas v. Johnson
2452:Snyder v. Phelps
2183:
2182:
2172:
2171:
2165:
2152:
2151:
2091:Tanzin v. Tanvir
2075:Zubik v. Burwell
2046:
2045:
1957:
1956:
1933:Tandon v. Newsom
1813:McDaniel v. Paty
1749:Kunz v. New York
1709:Jamison v. Texas
1660:
1659:
1584:McDaniel v. Paty
1116:Mueller v. Allen
1084:Wolman v. Walter
852:Salazar v. Buono
783:
782:
770:
769:
754:
747:
740:
731:
730:
726:
720:
717:
711:
708:
702:
699:
693:
690:
684:
681:
675:
652:
637:
636:
634:
632:
618:
609:
608:
593:
587:
586:
584:
582:
567:
561:
560:
558:
556:
551:
543:
534:
533:
531:
529:
524:
516:
510:
509:
489:
483:
482:
462:
232:Court membership
202:Appeal from the
135:
134:
123:
122:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
89:
48:
24:
16:
6419:
6418:
6414:
6413:
6412:
6410:
6409:
6408:
6399:Struthers, Ohio
6354:
6353:
6352:
6343:
6249:NAACP v. Button
6215:
6194:
6119:
6044:
6025:
6006:
5992:NAACP v. Button
5943:
5922:
5891:
5885:
5852:
5831:
5796:
5742:Broadcast media
5737:
5734:(9th Cir. 2014)
5620:
5565:
5559:
5524:
5518:Tory v. Cochran
5454:Tucker v. Texas
5418:
5406:
5385:
5326:
5299:
5277:Egbert v. Boule
5222:
5208:Lindke v. Freed
5171:
5104:
4994:FEC v. Beaumont
4881:
4873:
4867:Vidal v. Elster
4452:
4390:NAACP v. Button
4333:
4327:
4297:Ex parte Curtis
4288:
4279:
4108:
3979:
3926:
3920:Vidal v. Elster
3862:
3855:
3800:
3790:
3763:
3757:Janus v. AFSCME
3741:Harris v. Quinn
3717:Locke v. Karass
3604:
3598:
3493:
3447:Brown v. Glines
3430:
3424:
3393:
3387:
3202:
3196:
3157:
3156:Content-neutral
3151:
3072:
3066:
2971:
2969:Symbolic speech
2963:
2941:Smith v. Goguen
2930:
2922:
2899:Strict scrutiny
2889:
2867:Osborne v. Ohio
2850:
2849:Speech integral
2844:
2809:(9th Cir. 2009)
2801:(6th Cir. 2009)
2785:(S.D.N.Y. 2005)
2713:(7th Cir. 1985)
2529:(S.D.N.Y. 1933)
2503:
2458:
2376:
2367:
2326:
2317:
2311:Hess v. Indiana
2255:Fiske v. Kansas
2210:(S.D.N.Y. 1917)
2189:
2177:
2166:
2159:
2134:
2097:
2037:
2000:
1994:Carson v. Makin
1961:
1955:
1733:Tucker v. Texas
1685:Davis v. Beason
1667:
1646:
1640:Trump v. Hawaii
1592:Harris v. McRae
1563:
1520:
1477:
1407:Watson v. Jones
1394:
1335:
1273:Stone v. Graham
1249:Engel v. Vitale
1224:
1218:
1212:Carson v. Makin
951:
880:
874:
787:
786:Public displays
777:
764:
758:
724:
718:
715:
709:
706:
700:
697:
691:
688:
682:
679:
673:
645:
640:
630:
628:
620:
619:
612:
595:
594:
590:
580:
578:
569:
568:
564:
554:
552:
549:
545:
544:
537:
527:
525:
522:
518:
517:
513:
490:
486:
463:
459:
455:
434:
401:
391:as well as her
389:First Amendment
384:Struthers, Ohio
372:
356:First Amendment
285:
273:
263:Stanley F. Reed
261:
243:Harlan F. Stone
221:First Amendment
189:
146:
140:
121:
112:
101:
95:
92:
49:
47:
37:
25:
12:
11:
5:
6417:
6407:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6349:
6348:
6345:
6344:
6342:
6341:
6333:
6325:
6317:
6309:
6305:Meyer v. Grant
6301:
6293:
6285:
6277:
6269:
6261:
6253:
6245:
6237:
6229:
6220:
6217:
6216:
6204:
6203:
6200:
6199:
6196:
6195:
6193:
6192:
6184:
6176:
6168:
6160:
6152:
6144:
6136:
6127:
6125:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6109:
6101:
6093:
6085:
6077:
6069:
6061:
6052:
6050:
6046:
6045:
6043:
6042:
6033:
6031:
6027:
6026:
6024:
6023:
6014:
6012:
6011:Future Conduct
6008:
6007:
6005:
6004:
5996:
5988:
5980:
5972:
5964:
5955:
5953:
5945:
5944:
5932:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5920:
5912:
5904:
5895:
5893:
5887:
5886:
5884:
5883:
5875:
5866:
5864:
5854:
5853:
5841:
5840:
5837:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5821:
5813:
5804:
5802:
5798:
5797:
5795:
5794:
5786:
5778:
5770:
5762:
5754:
5745:
5743:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5735:
5727:
5719:
5711:
5703:
5695:
5687:
5679:
5671:
5663:
5655:
5647:
5639:
5630:
5628:
5622:
5621:
5619:
5618:
5610:
5602:
5594:
5586:
5578:
5569:
5567:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5557:
5549:
5541:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5525:
5523:
5522:
5514:
5506:
5498:
5490:
5482:
5474:
5466:
5458:
5450:
5442:
5434:
5425:
5423:
5408:
5407:
5395:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5383:
5379:Beard v. Banks
5375:
5367:
5363:Shaw v. Murphy
5359:
5351:
5343:
5334:
5332:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5316:
5307:
5305:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5297:
5289:
5281:
5273:
5265:
5257:
5249:
5241:
5232:
5230:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5212:
5204:
5196:
5188:
5179:
5177:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5169:
5161:
5153:
5145:
5137:
5129:
5121:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5094:
5086:
5078:
5070:
5062:
5054:
5046:
5038:
5030:
5022:
5014:
5006:
4998:
4990:
4982:
4974:
4966:
4958:
4950:
4942:
4934:
4926:
4918:
4910:
4902:
4894:
4885:
4883:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4871:
4863:
4855:
4847:
4839:
4831:
4823:
4815:
4807:
4799:
4791:
4783:
4775:
4767:
4759:
4751:
4743:
4735:
4727:
4719:
4711:
4703:
4695:
4687:
4679:
4671:
4663:
4655:
4647:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4615:
4607:
4599:
4591:
4583:
4575:
4567:
4559:
4551:
4543:
4535:
4527:
4519:
4511:
4503:
4495:
4487:
4479:
4471:
4462:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4442:
4434:
4426:
4418:
4410:
4402:
4394:
4386:
4378:
4370:
4362:
4354:
4346:
4337:
4335:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4317:
4309:
4301:
4292:
4290:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4269:
4261:
4257:Lane v. Franks
4253:
4245:
4237:
4229:
4221:
4213:
4205:
4197:
4189:
4181:
4173:
4165:
4157:
4149:
4145:Elrod v. Burns
4141:
4133:
4125:
4116:
4114:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4098:
4090:
4082:
4074:
4066:
4058:
4050:
4042:
4034:
4026:
4022:Healy v. James
4018:
4006:
3998:
3989:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3969:
3961:
3953:
3945:
3936:
3934:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3916:
3908:
3900:
3892:
3884:
3876:
3867:
3865:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3845:
3837:
3829:
3821:
3813:
3804:
3802:
3796:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3780:
3771:
3769:
3762:
3761:
3753:
3745:
3737:
3729:
3721:
3713:
3705:
3697:
3689:
3681:
3673:
3665:
3657:
3649:
3641:
3633:
3625:
3617:
3608:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3588:
3580:
3572:
3564:
3556:
3548:
3540:
3532:
3524:
3516:
3507:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3483:
3475:
3467:
3459:
3451:
3443:
3434:
3432:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3414:
3406:
3397:
3395:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3377:
3369:
3361:
3353:
3345:
3337:
3329:
3321:
3313:
3305:
3297:
3289:
3281:
3273:
3265:
3257:
3249:
3241:
3233:
3225:
3217:
3208:
3206:
3195:
3194:
3186:
3178:
3170:
3161:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3141:
3133:
3125:
3117:
3109:
3101:
3093:
3085:
3076:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3056:
3048:
3040:
3032:
3024:
3016:
3008:
3000:
2992:
2984:
2975:
2973:
2972:versus conduct
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2953:
2945:
2936:
2934:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2912:
2903:
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2895:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2879:
2871:
2863:
2854:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2834:
2826:
2818:
2810:
2802:
2794:
2786:
2778:
2770:
2762:
2754:
2746:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2714:
2706:
2698:
2690:
2682:
2674:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2642:
2634:
2626:
2618:
2610:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2578:
2570:
2562:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2530:
2522:
2513:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2493:
2485:
2477:
2468:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2448:
2440:
2432:
2424:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2383:
2381:
2379:heckler's veto
2373:Fighting words
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2357:
2349:
2341:
2332:
2330:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2307:
2295:
2287:
2275:
2267:
2259:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2196:
2194:
2180:
2168:
2167:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2124:
2116:
2107:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2087:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2054:
2052:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2027:
2019:
2010:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1990:
1982:
1974:
1970:Locke v. Davey
1965:
1963:
1954:
1953:
1945:
1937:
1929:
1921:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1889:
1881:
1873:
1865:
1857:
1849:
1841:
1833:
1825:
1817:
1809:
1801:
1793:
1785:
1777:
1769:
1761:
1753:
1745:
1737:
1729:
1721:
1713:
1705:
1697:
1689:
1681:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1636:
1628:
1620:
1612:
1604:
1596:
1588:
1580:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1553:
1545:
1537:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1490:Flast v. Cohen
1485:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1467:
1459:
1451:
1443:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1305:Lee v. Weisman
1301:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1228:
1226:
1225:public schools
1220:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1208:
1200:
1192:
1184:
1176:
1168:
1160:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1072:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1044:Sloan v. Lemon
1040:
1032:
1028:Hunt v. McNair
1024:
1016:
1008:
1000:
992:
984:
980:Flast v. Cohen
976:
968:
959:
957:
956:Public funding
953:
952:
950:
949:
941:
933:
925:
917:
909:
901:
893:
884:
882:
876:
875:
873:
872:
864:
856:
848:
840:
832:
824:
816:
808:
800:
791:
789:
788:and ceremonies
779:
778:
766:
765:
757:
756:
749:
742:
734:
728:
727:
704:Google Scholar
658:
644:
643:External links
641:
639:
638:
610:
588:
562:
535:
511:
500:(3): 539–577.
484:
473:(4): 822–832.
456:
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371:
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337:
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321:
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228:
212:
211:
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206:
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196:
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190:
179:
163:
159:
158:
153:
152:Full case name
149:
148:
142:
141:
136:
128:
127:
119:
114:
113:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6416:
6405:
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6400:
6397:
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6380:
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6209:
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6182:
6181:
6177:
6174:
6173:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6161:
6158:
6157:
6153:
6150:
6149:
6145:
6142:
6141:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6129:
6128:
6126:
6122:
6115:
6114:
6110:
6107:
6106:
6102:
6099:
6098:
6094:
6091:
6090:
6086:
6083:
6082:
6078:
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6058:
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6047:
6040:
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6035:
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6032:
6028:
6021:
6020:
6016:
6015:
6013:
6009:
6002:
6001:
5997:
5994:
5993:
5989:
5986:
5985:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5973:
5970:
5969:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5952:Organizations
5950:
5946:
5942:
5937:
5933:
5918:
5917:
5913:
5910:
5909:
5905:
5902:
5901:
5897:
5896:
5894:
5888:
5881:
5880:
5876:
5873:
5872:
5868:
5867:
5865:
5863:
5862:Incorporation
5859:
5855:
5851:
5846:
5842:
5827:
5826:
5822:
5819:
5818:
5814:
5811:
5810:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5799:
5792:
5791:
5787:
5784:
5783:
5779:
5776:
5775:
5771:
5768:
5767:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5740:
5733:
5732:
5728:
5725:
5724:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5712:
5709:
5708:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5696:
5693:
5692:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5680:
5677:
5676:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5664:
5661:
5660:
5656:
5653:
5652:
5648:
5645:
5644:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5632:
5631:
5629:
5627:
5623:
5616:
5615:
5611:
5608:
5607:
5603:
5600:
5599:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5587:
5584:
5583:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5571:
5570:
5568:
5562:
5555:
5554:
5550:
5547:
5546:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5527:
5520:
5519:
5515:
5512:
5511:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5499:
5496:
5495:
5491:
5488:
5487:
5483:
5480:
5479:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5467:
5464:
5463:
5459:
5456:
5455:
5451:
5448:
5447:
5443:
5440:
5439:
5435:
5432:
5431:
5427:
5426:
5424:
5422:
5417:
5413:
5409:
5405:
5400:
5396:
5381:
5380:
5376:
5373:
5372:
5368:
5365:
5364:
5360:
5357:
5356:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5336:
5335:
5333:
5329:
5322:
5321:
5317:
5314:
5313:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5302:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5225:
5218:
5217:
5213:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5189:
5186:
5185:
5181:
5180:
5178:
5174:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5107:
5100:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5091:
5087:
5084:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5003:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4971:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4880:
4876:
4869:
4868:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4853:
4852:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4824:
4821:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4800:
4797:
4796:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4784:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4760:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4656:
4653:
4652:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4544:
4541:
4540:
4536:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4517:
4516:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4332:Licensing and
4330:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4286:
4282:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4174:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4111:
4104:
4103:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4083:
4080:
4079:
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3985:School speech
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3932:Loyalty oaths
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3097:Boos v. Barry
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3071:Content-based
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2291:Bond v. Floyd
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2120:Holt v. Hobbs
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1463:Jones v. Wolf
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686:CourtListener
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657:at Wikisource
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581:September 25,
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303:Case opinions
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239:Chief Justice
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60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
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6103:
6095:
6087:
6079:
6071:
6063:
6055:
6038:In re Primus
6036:
6030:Solicitation
6017:
5998:
5990:
5982:
5974:
5966:
5958:
5914:
5906:
5898:
5877:
5869:
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5572:
5564:Taxation and
5551:
5543:
5535:
5516:
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5476:
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5452:
5444:
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5361:
5353:
5345:
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5318:
5310:
5291:
5283:
5275:
5267:
5259:
5253:Wood v. Moss
5251:
5243:
5235:
5214:
5206:
5198:
5190:
5182:
5176:State action
5163:
5155:
5147:
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5131:
5123:
5115:
5096:
5088:
5080:
5072:
5064:
5056:
5048:
5040:
5034:Davis v. FEC
5032:
5024:
5016:
5008:
5000:
4992:
4984:
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4944:
4936:
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4849:
4843:Matal v. Tam
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4801:
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4617:
4609:
4601:
4595:In re R.M.J.
4593:
4585:
4577:
4569:
4561:
4553:
4547:In re Primus
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4303:
4295:
4289:similar laws
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3894:
3888:Matal v. Tam
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3394:public forum
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3267:
3259:
3251:
3243:
3236:
3235:
3227:
3221:Hague v. CIO
3219:
3211:
3204:public forum
3188:
3180:
3172:
3164:
3158:restrictions
3143:
3135:
3127:
3119:
3111:
3103:
3095:
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3058:
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3018:
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2796:
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2780:
2772:
2764:
2756:
2748:
2740:
2734:Reno v. ACLU
2732:
2724:
2716:
2708:
2700:
2692:
2684:
2676:
2668:
2660:
2652:
2644:
2636:
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2572:
2564:
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2532:
2524:
2516:
2495:
2487:
2479:
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2464:True threats
2450:
2442:
2434:
2426:
2418:
2410:
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2394:
2386:
2359:
2351:
2343:
2335:
2328:false speech
2309:
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2277:
2274:(1955; 1961)
2269:
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2229:
2221:
2213:
2205:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2089:
2081:
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2057:
2029:
2021:
2013:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1968:
1947:
1939:
1931:
1923:
1915:
1907:
1899:
1891:
1883:
1875:
1867:
1859:
1853:Bowen v. Roy
1851:
1843:
1835:
1827:
1819:
1811:
1803:
1797:Cruz v. Beto
1795:
1787:
1779:
1771:
1763:
1755:
1747:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
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802:
794:
661:
631:December 10,
629:. Retrieved
625:
604:
600:
591:
579:. Retrieved
575:the original
565:
555:December 10,
553:. Retrieved
528:December 10,
526:. Retrieved
514:
497:
493:
487:
470:
466:
460:
446:
443:
439:
435:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
402:
381:
377:
373:
358:rights of a
342:
341:
340:
290:
283:Frank Murphy
278:
266:
254:
251:Owen Roberts
223:rights of a
194:Case history
173:
155:
117:
102:
96:January 2011
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
6329:Doe v. Reed
5510:Lowe v. SEC
5157:Doe v. Reed
2928:Overbreadth
2721:(Cal. 1988)
2176:Unprotected
1223:Religion in
327:Frankfurter
316:Concurrence
184:1313; 1943
6358:Categories
5626:Defamation
5566:privileges
5421:censorship
3863:as speaker
3861:Government
3392:Designated
2323:Defamation
2187:Incitement
881:exemptions
453:References
406:Hugo Black
370:Background
259:Hugo Black
186:U.S. LEXIS
66:newspapers
4285:Hatch Act
3429:Nonpublic
2932:Vagueness
2509:Obscenity
1525:Blue laws
352:handbills
217:handbills
162:Citations
5304:Boycotts
2192:sedition
763:case law
660:Text of
432:Dissents
395:rights.
308:Majority
5529:Privacy
5331:Prisons
4013:(1969,
2302:(1969,
2282:(1957,
695:Findlaw
677:Cornell
607:. 1943.
332:Dissent
324:Dissent
210:Holding
80:scholar
6340:(2011)
6332:(2010)
6324:(2002)
6316:(1999)
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5911:(1945)
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3923:(2024)
3915:(2022)
3907:(2022)
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3201:In the
3193:(2017)
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2521:(1896)
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2476:(1969)
2455:(2011)
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2407:(1949)
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2294:(1966)
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2250:(1927)
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2218:(1919)
2202:(1798)
2178:speech
2162:portal
2131:(2022)
2123:(2015)
2115:(2011)
2103:RLUIPA
2094:(2020)
2086:(2020)
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2034:(2020)
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2018:(1979)
1997:(2022)
1989:(2020)
1981:(2017)
1973:(2004)
1952:(2022)
1944:(2021)
1936:(2021)
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999:(1971)
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975:(1947)
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871:(2019)
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725:
719:
716:
713:Justia
710:
707:
701:
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692:
689:
683:
680:
674:
319:Murphy
293:
291:·
289:
281:
279:·
277:
269:
267:·
265:
257:
255:·
253:
182:L. Ed.
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
3431:forum
1568:Other
668:
550:(PDF)
523:(PDF)
199:Prior
87:JSTOR
73:books
5419:and
2377:the
2190:and
2050:RFRA
670:U.S.
633:2019
583:2021
557:2018
530:2018
444:...
188:1188
175:more
167:U.S.
165:319
59:news
4287:and
2375:and
2325:and
666:319
502:doi
475:doi
170:141
42:by
6360::
664:,
624:.
613:^
605:18
603:.
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538:^
498:43
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84:·
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63:·
36:.
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