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to the south. The forests north of the boundary are characterized by seasonally-deciduous trees, while the
Sundaland forests have more year-round rainfall and the trees are mostly evergreen. Peninsular Malaysia is home to three terrestrial ecoregions. The
338:), thus it means "the Malay land". The term can be found in various Malay texts, of which the oldest dating back to the early 17th century. It is frequently mentioned in the
630:
The Kangar-Pattani floristic boundary crosses the peninsula in southern
Thailand and northernmost Malaysia, marking the boundary between the large biogeographic regions of
402:
Prior to the foundation of
Malacca, ancient and medieval references to a Malay peninsula exist in various foreign sources. According to several Indian scholars, the word
620:
518:
478:, as a kingdom located in the Malay Peninsula, possibly similar to the one mentioned in the Yuan chronicle. The Malay Peninsula was conflated with
66:
544:
The peninsula's forests are home to thousands of species of animals and plants. Several large endangered mammals inhabit the peninsula –
712:
251:
runs approximately north–south, and at its terminus, it is the southernmost point of the Asian continental mainland. The area contains
2002:
1902:
977:
644:
608:) once inhabited the forests, but Malaysia's last rhinoceroses died in 2019, and the species' few remaining members survive only in
652:
1798:
1773:
1745:
1674:
1646:
1591:
1555:
1500:
1269:
1823:
Bunnell, Tim (2004). "From nation to networks and back again: Transnationalism, class and national identity in
Malaysia".
1548:
India's
Interaction with Southeast Asia: History of Science,Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. 1, Part 3
1862:
1221:
927:
875:
1766:
Ser Marco Polo; notes and addenda to Sir Henry Yule's edition, containing the results of recent research and discovery
1832:
1702:
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1936:
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1025:
1278:
1125:
944:
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2007:
1992:
1521:
1997:
1168:
414:, may possibly refer to the Malay Peninsula. Another Indian source, an inscription on the south wall of the
1416:
1324:
722:
717:
1791:
The travels of Marco Polo, the
Venetian: the translation of Marsden revised, with a selection of his notes
376:
2022:
2037:
2032:
1238:
497:
on the peninsula under one Malay nation, and this ambition was largely realised with the formation of
1987:
475:
458:, referring to a nation of the Malay Peninsula that was threatened by the southward expansion of the
2027:
1982:
1972:
1662:
1190:
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371:, with which he referred to the southeastern part of Sumatra, where the deposed sultan of Malacca,
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ecoregion covers the mountains above 1,000 meters elevation. The lowlands and hills are in the
372:
1638:
1583:
422:, referring to a kingdom in the Malay Peninsula that had "a strong mountain for its rampart".
1396:
1094:
1068:
918:
796:
748:
415:
335:
1695:
Researches on
Ptolemy's geography of eastern Asia (further India and Indo-Malay archipelago)
1575:
1484:
1977:
1863:"The last Sumatran rhino in Malaysia has died and there are less than 80 left in the world"
1543:
1518:"Asal Usul Orang Melayu: Menulis Semula Sejarahnya (The Malay Origin: Rewrite Its History)"
1369:
1344:
1264:
705:
506:
428:
279:
1906:
286:
system and form the backbone of the peninsula and the southernmost section of the central
8:
1719:
1635:
An
Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged
1571:
1329:
1055:
684:
667:
601:
494:
375:, established his exiled government. The 17th century's account of Portuguese historian,
252:
156:
20:
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include distinctive waterlogged forests in the lowlands on both sides of the peninsula.
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1401:
1364:
1314:
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in the text is consistently employed to refer to the area under
Malaccan dominance.
2017:
1421:
1334:
1256:
1251:
1181:
1020:
835:
624:
522:
311:
283:
2012:
1609:
Some contributions of India to the ancient civilisation of
Indonesia and Malaysia
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1349:
1120:
952:
883:
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396:
1951:
1440:
1374:
1359:
1319:
1133:
1033:
1012:
985:
545:
502:
268:
54:
1825:
State/Nation/Transnation: Perspectives on Transnationalism in the Asia Pacific
627:
and the Isthmus of Kra, and extend to the coast on both sides of the isthmus.
525:
trees, while montane forests are home to evergreen trees in the beech family (
1966:
1761:
1379:
1112:
1085:
970:
862:
787:
739:
577:
463:
107:
81:
68:
1487:
Imperial alchemy : nationalism and political identity in Southeast Asia
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103:
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133:
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1246:
857:
814:
809:
467:
360:
287:
1944:
1890:
Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific: a Conservation Assessment.
1888:
Wikramanayake, Eric; Eric Dinerstein; Colby J. Loucks; et al. (2002).
1849:
Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific: a Conservation Assessment.
1847:
Wikramanayake, Eric; Eric Dinerstein; Colby J. Loucks; et al. (2002).
1517:
408:("mountain-insular continent"), mentioned in the ancient Indian text,
1290:
1203:
635:
616:
534:
530:
489:
was generally used by the Malays of the peninsula during the rise of
307:
272:
205:
35:
344:, a well-known classic tale associated with the legendary heroes of
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1198:
957:
852:
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298:, the peninsula's narrowest point, into the Malay Peninsula. The
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1050:
1002:
479:
1950:
1102:
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separates the Malay Peninsula from the Indonesian island of
1160:
1107:
1066:
916:
553:
1905:. Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. p. 27. Archived from
1867:
275:
also has historical and cultural ties with the region.
1515:
1470:
The Physical Geography of Southeast Asia, Avijit Gupta
306:, and the south coast is separated from the island of
621:
Tenasserim–South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests
1669:. Centre for Studies in Civilizations. p. 121.
1697:. Oriental Books Reprint Corporation. p. 101.
1667:
Life, thought, and culture in India, c. AD 300-1000
666:are on the western shore of the peninsula, and the
367:from 1512 to 1515, uses an almost identical term,
1964:
1861:Williams, David; Ko, Stella (24 November 2019).
1793:. Kessinger Publishing, LLC. pp. 364–365.
482:in old Japan, and was known by the same name.
1813:Ziro Uraki, Utsuho Monogatari footnotes, p. 2
623:cover the northern peninsula, including the
117:242,363.8 km (93,577.2 sq mi)
673:
1895:
1860:
615:The peninsula is home to several distinct
34:
645:Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests
442:, a term thought to derive from Sanskrit
1570:
688:
1822:
1760:
1661:
653:Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests
1965:
1788:
1717:
1689:
1629:
1611:. Calcutta: Punthi Pustak. p. 8.
1606:
1491:. Cambridge University Press. p.
395:in the south, and the western part of
1550:. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 266.
1542:
450:. While the Chinese chronicle of the
1732:
1479:
517:The Malay Peninsula is covered with
485:In the early 20th century, the term
521:. Lowland forests are dominated by
432:named a geographical region of the
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786:
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14:
2049:
1925:
649:Peninsular Malaysian rain forests
2003:Landforms of the South China Sea
1953:The New Student's Reference Work
1930:
519:tropical moist broadleaf forests
1903:"Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010"
1882:
1854:
1841:
1816:
1807:
1782:
1754:
1726:
1711:
1683:
1665:; S., Sankaranarayanan (2002).
1637:. Houghton Mifflin Co. p.
1607:Sarkar, Himansu Bhusan (1970).
1516:Mohamed Anwar Omar Din (2011).
40:Location of the Malay Peninsula
1655:
1623:
1600:
1564:
1536:
1522:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
1509:
1473:
1464:
1434:
259:, and the southernmost tip of
1:
1892:Washington, DC: Island Press.
1851:Washington, DC: Island Press.
1582:. Coronet Books Inc. p.
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1268:
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1172:
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1578:The culture and art of India
541:, and other plant families.
317:
7:
1768:. Bibliolife. p. 105.
1663:Kotha, Satchidananda Murthy
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1119:
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355:In the early 16th century,
125:2,187 m (7175 ft)
16:Peninsula in Southeast Asia
10:
2054:
1740:. Macmillan. p. 190.
1738:History of South East Asia
1734:Hall, Daniel George Edward
1720:"Chronicle of Mongol Yuan"
1296:
693:Map of Peninsular Malaysia
682:
512:
18:
1067:
917:
391:in the centre, a part of
387:in the north, the entire
379:, noted on the region of
377:Emanuel Godinho de Erédia
326:is derived from the word
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33:
1445:Semenanjung Tanah Melayu
1427:
1417:Malaysia–Thailand border
674:List of areas by country
606:Dicerorhinus sumatrensis
598:Symphalangus syndactylus
499:Persekutuan Tanah Melayu
493:to describe uniting all
19:Not to be confused with
1789:Wright, Thomas (2004).
1691:Gerini, Gerolamo Emilio
1631:Langer, William Leonard
1412:Malaya (disambiguation)
664:Myanmar Coast mangroves
466:. During the same era,
245:Mainland Southeast Asia
1392:Extreme points of Asia
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1185:
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670:on the eastern shore.
662:line both coasts. The
122:Highest elevation
2008:Landforms of Thailand
1993:Landforms of Malaysia
1939:at Wikimedia Commons
1544:Pande, Govind Chandra
1397:Geography of Malaysia
1241:
1232:
1193:
1184:
1145:
1136:
1097:
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1069:Yang di-Pertua Negeri
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971:Yang di-Pertuan Besar
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919:Yang di-Pertua Negeri
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886:
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838:
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790:
751:
742:
692:
416:Brihadeeswarar Temple
1998:Landforms of Myanmar
1572:Mukerjee, Radhakamal
1281:are embedded within
507:Federation of Malaya
470:made a reference to
418:, recorded the word
369:Terra de Tana Malaio
280:Titiwangsa Mountains
1909:on 27 December 2010
1827:. Routledge: 1984.
1325:Nakhon Si Thammarat
1279:federal territories
733:Head of Government
685:Peninsular Malaysia
668:Indochina mangroves
602:Sumatran rhinoceros
574:Helarctos malayanus
454:mentioned the word
253:Peninsular Malaysia
157:Peninsular Malaysia
78: /
30:
21:Peninsular Malaysia
2023:Peninsulas of Asia
1449:Semenanjung Melayu
1303:Tanintharyi Region
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533:), laurel family (
529:), Myrtle family (
383:surrounded by the
290:, which runs from
228:Largest settlement
202:Largest settlement
163:Largest settlement
130:Highest point
28:
2038:Strait of Malacca
2033:Southern Thailand
1935:Media related to
1800:978-1-4191-8573-1
1775:978-1-110-77685-6
1747:978-0-333-24163-9
1676:978-81-87586-09-8
1648:978-0-395-13592-1
1593:978-81-215-0114-9
1557:978-81-87586-24-1
1520:. Jurnal Melayu,
1502:978-0-521-87237-9
1407:Malay Archipelago
1402:Golden Chersonese
1275:
1274:
634:to the north and
590:Neofelis nebulosa
491:Malay nationalism
460:Sukhothai Kingdom
435:Golden Chersonese
389:Strait of Malacca
346:Malacca Sultanate
341:Hikayat Hang Tuah
300:Strait of Malacca
257:Southern Thailand
237:
236:
222:Southern Thailand
82:7.000°N 100.000°E
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1988:Gulf of Thailand
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1524:. pp. 28–30
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1257:Kuala Terengganu
1252:Kuala Terengganu
1072:
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312:Straits of Johor
284:Tenasserim Hills
282:are part of the
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2028:Regions of Asia
1983:Flora of Malaya
1973:Malay Peninsula
1963:
1962:
1946:"Malakka"
1943:
1937:Malay Peninsula
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586:clouded leopard
582:Tapirus indicus
566:Panthera tigris
550:Elephas maximus
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397:South China Sea
359:, a Portuguese
322:The Malay term
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1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1271:
1270:Menteri Besar
1266:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:Menteri Besar
1218:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:Menteri Besar
1170:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1126:Menteri Besar
1122:
1116:
1114:
1113:Kuala Kangsar
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1070:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1026:Menteri Besar
1022:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
996:
992:
987:
983:
982:
979:
978:Menteri Besar
972:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
946:
942:
937:
933:
932:
929:
920:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
894:
890:
885:
881:
880:
877:
876:Menteri Besar
872:
866:
864:
863:Kubang Kerian
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
846:
842:
837:
833:
832:
829:
828:Menteri Besar
824:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
798:
794:
789:
785:
784:
781:
780:Menteri Besar
776:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
750:
746:
741:
737:
736:
732:
729:
726:
724:
723:Royal Capital
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
704:
702:
699:
698:
691:
686:
671:
669:
665:
661:
656:
654:
650:
646:
641:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
578:Malayan tapir
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
542:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
464:Ram Khamhaeng
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
436:
431:
430:
425:
421:
417:
413:
412:
407:
406:
400:
399:in the east.
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
342:
337:
333:
329:
325:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
276:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
233:
230:
226:
223:
219:
215:
210:
207:
204:
200:
197:
194:
190:
187:
184:
180:
176:
171:
168:
165:
161:
158:
154:
150:
149:
143:
138:
135:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
109:
108:Pacific Ocean
105:
102:
96:
91:
63:
59:
56:
53:
49:
44:
37:
32:
26:
22:
1952:
1929:
1911:. Retrieved
1907:the original
1897:
1889:
1884:
1872:. Retrieved
1866:
1856:
1848:
1843:
1824:
1818:
1809:
1790:
1784:
1765:
1756:
1737:
1728:
1713:
1694:
1685:
1666:
1657:
1634:
1625:
1608:
1602:
1577:
1566:
1547:
1538:
1526:. Retrieved
1511:
1486:
1475:
1466:
1448:
1444:
1436:
1287:Kuala Lumpur
1285:, which are
1276:
963:Seri Menanti
906:Malacca City
657:
629:
614:
605:
597:
589:
581:
573:
565:
557:
549:
543:
537:), tropical
516:
509:") in 1948.
498:
495:Malay states
487:Tanah Melayu
486:
484:
471:
455:
452:Yuan dynasty
447:
443:
439:
433:
427:
419:
409:
403:
401:
393:Sunda Strait
380:
368:
354:
350:Tanah Melayu
349:
339:
331:
327:
324:Tanah Melayu
323:
321:
294:through the
277:
240:
238:
167:Kuala Lumpur
146:
104:Indian Ocean
25:
1978:Andaman Sea
1874:27 November
1370:Surat Thani
1345:Phatthalung
1074:(Governor)
1056:George Town
924:(Governor)
762:Johor Bahru
708:Achievement
523:dipterocarp
462:under King
456:Ma-li-yu-er
448:malaikurram
444:malayakolam
440:Maleu-kolon
411:Vayu Purana
405:Malayadvipa
385:Andaman Sea
373:Mahmud Shah
330:(land) and
296:Kra Isthmus
186:Tanintharyi
134:Mount Tahan
99:Adjacent to
85: /
61:Coordinates
1967:Categories
1913:24 January
1617:B000PFNF5C
1458:References
1330:Narathiwat
1247:Terengganu
858:Kota Bharu
815:Anak Bukit
810:Alor Setar
727:Area (km)
658:Extensive
617:ecoregions
558:Bos gaurus
476:travelogue
468:Marco Polo
429:Geographia
361:apothecary
357:Tomé Pires
288:cordillera
1340:Phang Nga
1291:Putrajaya
1204:Shah Alam
660:mangroves
636:Sundaland
632:Indochina
535:Lauraceae
531:Myrtaceae
318:Etymology
308:Singapore
273:Singapore
265:Kawthaung
206:Kawthaung
196:Kawthaung
46:Geography
1764:(2009).
1736:(1981).
1693:(1974).
1633:(1973).
1574:(1984).
1546:(2005).
1483:(2010).
1386:See also
1365:Songkhla
1315:Chumphon
1309:Thailand
1283:Selangor
1199:Selangor
958:Seremban
853:Kelantan
706:Emblem /
679:Malaysia
570:sun bear
539:conifers
527:Fagaceae
249:landmass
214:Thailand
192:District
148:Malaysia
73:100°00′E
51:Location
2018:Malesia
1958:. 1914.
1335:Pattani
1297:Myanmar
1261:12,958
1117:21,146
1017:35,965
1008:Kuantan
901:Malacca
867:15,040
771:19,166
718:Capital
640:Malesia
610:Sumatra
600:). The
594:siamang
592:), and
513:Ecology
474:in his
472:Malauir
424:Ptolemy
420:Malaiur
381:Malaios
365:Malacca
310:by the
304:Sumatra
267:). The
261:Myanmar
232:Hat Yai
175:Myanmar
2013:Malaya
1955:
1831:
1797:
1772:
1744:
1701:
1673:
1645:
1615:
1590:
1554:
1528:4 June
1499:
1355:Ranong
1350:Phuket
1265:Sultan
1217:Sultan
1213:7,951
1156:Kangar
1151:Perlis
1121:Sultan
1063:1,049
1051:Penang
1021:Sultan
1003:Pahang
967:6,658
913:1,712
871:Sultan
823:Sultan
819:9,492
775:Sultan
619:. The
480:Persia
336:Malays
332:Melayu
247:. The
182:Region
70:7°00′N
1441:Malay
1428:Notes
1375:Trang
1360:Satun
1320:Krabi
1209:Klang
1103:Perak
1013:Pekan
805:Kedah
757:Johor
713:State
562:tiger
505:for "
503:Malay
328:Tanah
292:Tibet
1915:2011
1876:2019
1829:ISBN
1795:ISBN
1770:ISBN
1742:ISBN
1699:ISBN
1671:ISBN
1643:ISBN
1613:ASIN
1588:ISBN
1552:ISBN
1530:2012
1497:ISBN
1380:Yala
1289:and
1277:Two
1169:Raja
1165:819
1161:Arau
1108:Ipoh
767:Muar
701:Flag
638:and
554:gaur
278:The
239:The
114:Area
1868:CNN
1639:362
1584:212
1447:or
584:),
576:),
568:),
560:),
552:),
446:or
438:as
426:'s
271:of
1969::
1949:.
1865:.
1641:.
1586:.
1495:.
1493:95
1443::
1293:.
1060:—
910:—
612:.
348:.
314:.
255:,
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1917:.
1878:.
1837:.
1803:.
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1750:.
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1651:.
1619:.
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1560:.
1532:.
1505:.
604:(
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580:(
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263:(
23:.
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