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During his expeditions, Ma Huan took notes on the geography, politics, weather conditions, environment, economy, local customs, and even methods of punishment for criminals. Returning home on his first expedition, he began writing a book on his expedition, the first draft of which was ready around
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Ma Huan: Ying-yai sheng-lan 'The overall survey of the ocean's shores' (1433), translated from the
Chinese text edited by Feng Ch'eng-chün
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1416. He expanded and modified his draft during later expeditions, the final version was finalized around 1451. The title of his book was
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in 1970, and reprinted in 1997 by The White Lotus Press in
Bangkok. Mills's translation was based on the edition by Feng Cheng jun.
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is considered by sinologists worldwide as a primary source for the history of Ming dynasty naval exploration, history of
331:. A newer edition, based on Ming dynasty handcopied editions, was recently published by Ocean Publishing House in China.
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When Asia was the World: Traveling
Merchants, Scholars, Warriors, and Monks who created the "Riches of the East"
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181:(會稽山樵), was a Chinese explorer, translator, and travel writer who accompanied Admiral
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Some scholars who have done research work on Ma Huan are J.J.L. Duyvendak, F. Hirth,
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Forbes, A.D.W. (1983), "Ma Huan", in
Bosworth, C.E. (ed.),
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506:, London 1970; reprinted by the White Lotus Press 1997.
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The
Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433 by Ma Huan
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Geography and cartography in the medieval
Islamic world
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291:and Calicut. From Calicut, he was sent by Eunuch
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213:In his fourth expedition in 1413, he visited
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309:(The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores).
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88:(The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores)
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187:seven expeditions to the Western Oceans
104:(1451) by Ma Huan, as collected in the
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16:Chinese translator, voyager and writer
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551:Da Capo Press, Perseus Books, 2008.
334:An annotated English translation by
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275:In the 1431 expedition, he visited
244:In the 1421 expedition, he visited
61:Explorer, Translator, Travel writer
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452:Encyclopedia of Islam, Volumes 1–5
14:
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338:(1887–1987) was published by the
936:Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani
602:Chinese travellers and explorers
429:, E.J. Brill, pp. 849–850,
951:Khashkhash Ibn Saeed Ibn Aswad
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455:. Brill Archive. p. 849.
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567:. Cambridge University Press.
563:J. V. G. Mills (tr.) (1970).
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1341:15th-century Chinese writers
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7:
1406:15th-century travel writers
1336:14th-century Chinese people
1187:Mir Ahmed Nasrallah Thattvi
483:Book review by Jung-pang Lo
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10:
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1239:Book of Roads and Kingdoms
1231:Book of Roads and Kingdoms
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449:Sir H. A. R. Gibb (1954).
426:The Encyclopaedia of Islam
155:1380–1460), courtesy name
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209:Expeditions and writings
1396:Ming treasure voyages.
1366:Chinese travel writers
1254:Kitab al-Rawd al-Mitar
1141:Ghiyāth al-dīn Naqqāsh
517:restricted online copy
109:
1401:Writers from Shaoxing
1038:Abu'l Abbas al-Hijazi
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1361:Ming dynasty Muslims
1069:Ibn Said al-Maghribi
498:Ying-yai Sheng-lan,
1351:Chinese translators
1273:The Meadows of Gold
890:Abu Hanifa Dinawari
536:. Oxford Reference.
179:Mountain-woodcutter
125:traditional Chinese
1376:Explorers of India
1110:Hamdallah Mustawfi
1033:Muhammad al-Idrisi
1007:Mahmud al-Kashgari
931:Abu Zayd al-Balkhi
117:simplified Chinese
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98:First page of the
1381:History of Kerala
1371:Explorers of Asia
1356:Chinese explorers
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1177:Sulaiman Al Mahri
997:Abu Saʿīd Gardēzī
976:Qudama ibn Ja'far
900:Sulaiman al-Tajir
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547:Gordon, Stewart.
199:Kuaiji Commandery
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39:Kuaiji Commandery
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1261:Mu'jam Al-Buldan
1247:Tabula Rogeriana
1241:(ibn Khordadbeh)
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295:as emissary to
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69:Chinese, Arabic
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82:Notable works
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1201:17th century
1170:16th century
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1129:15th century
1105:Ibn al-Wardi
1088:14th century
1074:Ibn al-Nafis
1047:13th century
1021:12th century
985:11th century
966:Al-Muqaddasi
961:Ibn al-Faqih
909:10th century
885:Al-Khwarizmi
782:
710:(fl. 7th c.)
564:
548:
528:Paul Pelliot
522:Google Books
515:
478:
466:. Retrieved
451:
444:
425:
418:
396:
374:J.V.G. Mills
362:Paul Pelliot
359:
346:
344:
336:J.V.G. Mills
333:
318:Qing dynasty
314:Ming dynasty
311:
304:
301:
274:
272:and Hormuz.
243:
212:
178:
177:), pen name
172:
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136:
112:
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106:Jilu Huibian
105:
99:
85:
18:
1331:1460 deaths
1326:1380 births
1115:Ibn Battuta
1095:Al-Dimashqi
878:9th century
870:Geographers
821:(1587–1641)
815:(1412–1433)
809:(1409–1451)
791:(1385–1436)
785:(1380–1460)
779:(1371–1435)
773:(1365–1457)
754:Wang Dayuan
748:Zhou Daguan
744:(1220–1294)
727:(1207–1299)
708:Wang Xuance
393:Mao Kun map
325: [
312:During the
258:Trincomalee
189:. Ma was a
143:Xiao'erjing
74:Nationality
1386:Hui people
1320:Categories
1295:Influences
1233:(al-Bakrī)
1100:Abu'l-Fida
1054:Ibn Jubayr
956:Ibn Hawqal
771:Chen Cheng
632:Zhang Qian
405:References
281:Chittagong
148:ﻣَﺎ ﺧُﻮًا
58:Occupation
1305:(Ptolemy)
1303:Geography
1192:Amīn Rāzī
1182:Piri Reis
992:Al-Biruni
941:Al-Masudi
698:(730–790)
692:(688–763)
686:(635–713)
680:(602–664)
663:(337–422)
410:Citations
398:Wubei Zhi
285:Sonargaon
264:, Kochi,
227:Palembang
1151:Zheng He
1028:al-Zuhri
1002:Al-Bakri
946:Istakhri
819:Xu Xiake
813:Hong Bao
777:Zheng He
750:(1270-?)
690:Jianzhen
678:Xuanzang
644:Gan Ying
638:Ban Chao
468:26 March
380:See also
370:Xiang Da
293:Hong Bao
203:Shaoxing
195:Zhejiang
183:Zheng He
66:Language
43:Zhejiang
1161:Fei Xin
1156:Ma Huan
1012:Domiyat
895:Ya'qubi
807:Yishiha
789:Fei Xin
783:Ma Huan
702:Du Huan
492:Sources
386:Fei Xin
266:Calicut
254:Sumatra
246:Malacca
223:Sumatra
174:Zōngdào
161:Chinese
157:Zongdao
138:Mǎ Huān
113:Ma Huan
77:Chinese
53:c. 1460
45:, China
36:c. 1380
34:Ma Huan
25:Ma Huan
1120:Lin Nu
801:Lin Nu
725:Jakuen
696:Wukong
684:Yijing
661:Faxian
555:
510:
459:
433:
277:Bengal
262:Ceylon
239:Hormuz
215:Champa
191:Muslim
171::
169:pinyin
163::
135::
133:pinyin
127::
119::
108:(1617)
1267:Rihla
1222:Works
795:Fu An
615:Xu Fu
395:" in
391:The "
329:]
297:Mecca
270:Zufar
235:Kochi
764:Ming
735:Yuan
718:Song
671:Tang
553:ISBN
508:ISBN
470:2011
457:ISBN
431:ISBN
353:and
345:The
316:and
289:Gaur
237:and
231:Siam
219:Java
50:Died
31:Born
654:Jin
625:Han
608:Qin
520:at
250:Aru
197:'s
151:) (
1322::
376:.
372:,
368:,
364:,
357:.
327:zh
299:.
287:,
283:,
279:,
268:,
260:,
256:,
252:,
248:,
241:.
233:,
229:,
225:,
221:,
217:,
167:;
165:宗道
153:c.
145::
141:,
131:;
129:馬歡
123:;
121:马欢
41:,
854:e
847:t
840:v
595:e
588:t
581:v
559:.
524:)
514:(
472:.
159:(
115:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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