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enforced strict monastic discipline. He was able to change Wat Paknam
Bhasicharoen, a temple that was almost vacant, into a temple with hundreds of monks, a school for Buddhist studies, but also a government-approved primary school with a mundane curriculum, and a kitchen to make the temple self-sufficient. Apart from monastic residents, the kitchen would also provide food for all the lay visitors of the temple. The fact Luang Pu Sodh was able to provide for his monks and novices through a kitchen was a feat at the time, when most monastics would have to rely on alms. Later, after Luang Pu Sodh's death, Phra Thammathassanathon, then abbot of
570:. Somdet Phuean did not want Phra Sodh to travel around without belonging to a single temple, and having a position as a caretaker abbot would connect Phra Sodh's life to one. Initially, Somdet Phuean appointed Phra Sodh for a temporary position of only three months, to which Phra Sodh reluctantly agreed. However, shortly after Phra Sodh had installed himself in Wat Paknam, Somdet Phuean gave him the full position of abbot. To make it impossible to leave the job, in 1921, Somdet Phuean gave an honorary title to Phra Sodh that was connected with the position: "Phrakhru Samanadham-samathan". However, Phra Sodh is usually referred to as "
385:. At Wat Ratchasittharam, he studied a visualization meditation method with Luang Por Aium, and experienced a development in meditation regarded as important. Buddhist Studies scholar Catherine Newell states that he perceived a sphere of light there in meditation, seen as a sign of progress in meditation, but a traditional biography written in the time of Luang Pu Sodh states this perceived breakthrough occurred at a lesser known temple called Wat Lakhontham. Buddhist Studies scholars Kate Crosby and Newell argue Wat Ratchasittharam to be crucial in Luang Pu Sodh's development, where he learnt practices of Yogavacara.
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284:, a province 102 kilometres (63 mi) west of Bangkok in central Thailand. His father was called Ngen and his mother Soodjai. When he was nine years old, he received his first schooling in the temple in his village, by his uncle who was a Buddhist monk. He therefore became familiar with Buddhism from an early age. He also showed qualities of being an intelligent autodidact. Another habit of him was that he was compassionate towards animals. For example, he would not allow them to be in the sun too long or put them to work for too long.
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668:), such as travelling to other spheres of existence, and reading people's minds. Publications describe that Dhammakāya meditation was used during the Second World War to prevent Thailand from being bombed. Luang Pu Sodh also used meditation in healing people, for which he became widely known. An often quoted anecdote is the story of Somdet Puean, the abbot of Wat Pho, who, after meditating with Luang Pu Sodh, recovered from his illness. An important student in the meditation factory was Maechi
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300:. At the age of 14, Ngen died, and Sodh had to take responsibility for the family business, being the first son. This affected him: thieves and other threats brought home to him the futility of the household life, and at the age of 19, he desired to be ordained as a monk. One day he was particularly aware of the risk of thieves that might steal his rice and the crew being killed in the process, and he imagined what would happen if he would die that day. Then he took a
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654:, would meditate in an isolated location at the temple, in shifts for 24 hours a day, one shift lasting for six hours. Their "brief" was to devote their lives to meditation research for the common good of society. In the literature of the Dhammakāya tradition many accounts are found about Dhammakāya meditation solving problems in society and the world at large. Dhammakāya meditation was—and still is—believed to bring forth certain
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773:. Phra Paññāvaḍḍho remained in the monkhood until his death in 2004, when he had ordained for the longest of all westerners in Thailand. He hardly ever returned to the West, however. A third monk, formerly known as George Blake, was a Brit of Jamaican origin, and was the first Jamaican to be ordained as a Buddhist monk. He was ordained as Vijjāvaḍḍho, and later disrobed, becoming a well-known therapist in Canada.
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420:. They went to a nearby hospital, and Phra Sodh recovered, but his brother did not. As a last resort, Phra Sodh brought his brother back home to Song Pi Nong to recover there, but to no avail: Samanen Samruai died, 18 years old. Before the two got ill, Phra Sodh had a dream that someone offered a bag of sand to them as a gift. He ate one handful of sand from the bag, but his brother ate two.
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appreciate Luang Pu Sodh changing the temple. Once he was even shot at, though not hurt. Luang Pu Sodh had such a strong relationship with the temple, that he hardly ever left it. He seldom accepted invitations that involved accommodation outside the temple. He became known for his motto "We monks should not fight back, neither flee, and we will win each time".
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his mentor Phra Ṭhitavedo had a disagreement with Luang Pu Sodh and left Wat Paknam. He was ordained again in
England under Chao Khun Sobhana, and became the director of the English Sangha Trust in 1967. Luang Pu Sodh ordained another British monk, Peter Morgan, with the name Paññāvaḍḍho Bhikkhu. After his death he would continue under the guidance of
711:, which is common in Thai Buddhism. The institute became the most modern educational institute in Buddhism for that time. The kitchen which he built was the fulfillment of an intention which he had since his first years at Wat Pho, when he experienced difficulty in finding food. It also resulted in monks having more time to study Buddhism.
726:. Judging from the chapel at the centre of the Phutthamonthon, dedicated to Luang Pu Sodh and Dhammakāya meditation, as well as the amulets Luang Pu Sodh issued to raise funds for the park, Newell speculates Luang Pu Sodh assumed a significant role in building the park and had an important relation with PM Phibun.
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In 1954, Luang Pu Sodh made an announcement that he would die soon, and instructed his students to continue their duties without him, especially to propagate
Dhammakāya meditation. A year later, he began to suffer from a disease and his condition became less and less stable. In 1956, he was diagnosed
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to other monks and novices. He had also restored an abandoned temple in his hometown Song Phi Nong and set up a school for
Buddhist studies for lay people in Wat Phrasriratanamahathat in Suphanburi. He enrolled for the reformed Pāli examinations, but did not pass. He did not enroll again, even though
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In the area of
Bangkok, Phra Sodh studied both under masters of the oral meditation tradition as well as experts in scriptural analysis, which was uncommon during that period. He learnt about a broad range of things. He also learnt many traditional arts and lores that were taught in Buddhist temples
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and
English Sangha Association. Former director of the trust Terry Shine described Kapilavaḍḍho as the "man who started and developed the founding of the first English Theravada Sangha in the Western world". He was the first Englishman to be ordained in Thailand, but disrobed in 1957, shortly after
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days. Luang Pu Sodh would distribute an introductory book about meditation to practitioners. At first, the
Dhammakāya meditation method drew criticism from the Thai Saṅgha authorities, because it was a new method. Discussion within the Saṅgha led to an inspection at Wat Paknam, but it was concluded
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tradition, also studied for a while under Luang Por Sodh, but he was not ordained under him. One of the last
Western students in the time of Luang Pu Sodh was Terrence Magness, who learnt Dhammakāya meditation at Wat Paknam as well, from the lay teacher Achan Kalayawadee. He was ordained under the
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played an important role in Wat Paknam's propagation of
Buddhism. In the first period, Luang Pu Sodh's work was not appreciated by the monastic governor of the village, some other monks and many lay people who, according to biographies, formerly ran illegal businesses within the temple and did not
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Luang Pu Sodh had a great interest to introduce
Dhammakāya meditation outside of Thailand. Wat Paknam already published international magazines and leaflets in the time Kapilavaḍḍho, his first Western student, started living under the guidance of Luang Pu Sodh. The periodical of the temple was in
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In Wat Phra Dhammakaya a memorial hall was built in honor of Luang Pu Sodh, and in Wat Paknam, a charity foundation was started in his name. In some years, on 3 February, Wat Paknam holds a national memorial of him, which is joined by hundreds of monks. Wat Phra Dhammakaya holds city pilgrimages
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In summary, Luang Pu Sodh had a significant impact on Thai Buddhism, both in Thailand and abroad. He helped pioneer the combination of study and meditation, traditionally two separate monastic vocations. Newell points out that in this he even preceded Phra Phimontham, the administrator monk who
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and spent some time in a military hospital. He complained little and was in good spirits, eventually dying in peace on 3 February 1959 in Wat Paknam. His body was not cremated as was common, but embalmed, so that after his death people would still come to see his coffin and support Wat Paknam.
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According to the biography by Wat Phra Dhammakaya, Luang Pu Sodh did not endorse "magical practices" that are common in Thai Buddhism, such as fortune-telling and spells for good luck. He did, however, often heal people through meditation, and Luang Pu Sodh's amulets were—and are still—widely
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In 1916, Thonburi was not part of Bangkok yet, and had no bridge to connect it to Bangkok. Wat Paknam looked neglected, with grass growing on the buildings, and only 13 monks lived there. Wat Paknam faced social and disciplinary problems, and required a good leader. Luang Pu Sodh promoted and
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contains a series of expressions for contemplating the body as body, feelings as feelings, etc. but is literally translated from Pali as "in" rather than "as". Luang Pu Sodh did understand the phrase "body in body" as meaning being mindful of the body, but also understood it as extending the
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Convinced that he had attained the core of the Buddha's teaching, Phra Sodh started a new chapter in his life, which marked the start of Dhammakāya meditation as a tradition. Phra Sodh devoted the rest of his life to teaching and furthering the depth of knowledge of Dhammakāya meditation, a
456:. Wat Botbon was the temple where he used to receive education as a child. As seen from Luang Pu Sodh's autobiographical notes, he reflected to himself that he had been practicing meditation for many years and had still not understood the essential knowledge which the Buddha had taught.
551:(monastic community), which he did not aim for. Phra Sodh recalled that if he had passed, it would have been detrimental for his meditation practice. Newell suggests that he failed the exam on purpose in response to ongoing monastic reforms, as other monks during this period had done.
392:, where monks go house to house looking for laypeople to offer them food. This hardship led him to resolve that he would one day built a kitchen for monastics, who would then enjoy convenience in the spiritual life. During the same period, Phra Sodh persuaded his younger brother and
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Wat Paknam became a popular center of meditation teaching. Luang Pu Sodh emphasized the development of people more than construction: besides developing a large community of monks in the temple (in 1959, 500 monks, the highest in Thailand at the time), he also set up a community of
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Soon after his appointment as temporary abbot, he was appointed fully as abbot of Wat Paknam, where he remained until his death in 1959. For his life and work he was given monastic and royal honorific names, that is Phrakhru Samanadham-samathan (in 1921), Phrabhavanakosolthera
47:
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In teaching meditation, Luang Pu Sodh would challenge others to meditate so that they might verify for themselves the benefits of Dhammakāya meditation. He organized a team of his most gifted meditation practitioners and set up a 'meditation factory of direct knowledge'
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both Thai and English, and at certain occasions booklets would be published in Chinese as well. In old periodicals of the temple visits from high-standing monks from Japan and China have been recorded, and Dhammakāya meditation is still passed on by Japanese
350:'). He wanted to know the meaning of the word, but his local fellow monks could not answer his question. They recommended him to further his studies in Bangkok to find an answer, which is what he did, though his mother was unwilling to see him leave.
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In another version of the story, eight criminals came at night to kill Luang Pu Sodh. Luang Pu Sodh was not shot, however, as a close aide who protected him came to his rescue in time, using a sword to ward the delinquents off. The criminals
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When Sodh's uncle moved to Wat Hua Bho, he took Sodh with him to teach him further. After a while his uncle left the monkhood, but Ngen managed to send Sodh to study with Luang Por Sap, the abbot of Wat Bangpla. This is where Sodh learnt the
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Besides meditation, Luang Pu Sodh promoted the study of Buddhism as well. In this combination he was one of the pioneers in Thai Buddhism. In 1939, Luang Pu Sodh set up a Pāli Institute at Wat Paknam, which is said to have cost 2,500,000
609:, and finally Phramongkolthepmuni (in 1957). The last three royal titles were given late, due to the fact that the temple was not under royal patronage, and therefore received less attention from the royal family than other temples.
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in those days, including astrology and magical practices, but later devoted himself to meditation only. In his autobiographical notes, he wrote that he practiced meditation every day, from the first day following his ordination.
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says that he had to calculate the rate of inflation for this, and work harder than before, but finally managed to gather enough funds when he was 22 years old. He left the family company in the hands of employees he trusted.
446:, he was not satisfied. He withdrew himself in the more peaceful area of his hometown twice. Some sources state he also withdrew himself in the jungles to meditate more, but Newell doubts this. In the 11th rains retreat (
467:, which means "righteous Absolute of Attainment which a human being can achieve." Then "his mind became still and firmly established at the very centre of his body," and he experienced "a bright and shining sphere of
518:, 'the direct knowledge of the Dhammakāya'. Temples in the tradition of Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen, together called the Dhammakaya tradition, believe that this method was the method the Buddha originally used to attain
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that as long as he would survive his job, he would attempt to become ordained. He had to take care of his family first though, and saved up enough money for them that he would able to leave them. The biography of
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After his third year after monk's ordination, Phra Sodh traveled to many places in Bangkok to study scriptures and meditation practice with teachers from established traditions. He studied scriptures at
526:. The event of the attainment of the Dhammakāya is usually described by the Dhammakaya tradition in miraculous and cosmic terms. For example, it is mentioned that heavy rains preceded the event.
292:. When he was 13 years old, he finished his Khmer studies there and returned home to help his father. Father Ngen ran a rice-trading business, shipping rice by boat from Suphanburi to sell to
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Skilton, Andrew (28 June 2013), "Elective affinities: the reconstruction of a forgotten episode in the shared history of Thai and British Buddhism – Kapilavaḍḍho and Wat Paknam",
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The ordination of Vijjāvaḍḍho, Paññāvaḍḍho and another British monk called Saddhāvaḍḍho (Robert Albison) was a major public event in Thailand, attracting an audience of 10,000 people.
247:, a meditation method believed to have been used by the Buddha himself. Since the 2000s, some scholars have pointed out that Luang Pu Sodh also played an important role in introducing
235:, meaning 'the Venerable Father of Wat Paknam'. He became a well-known meditation master during the interbellum and the Second World War, and played a significant role in developing
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During a ministry of over half-a-century, Luang Pu Sodh taught Dhammakāya meditation continuously, guiding meditation every Thursday and preaching on Buddhism on Sundays and
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Crosby, Kate; Skilton, Andrew; Gunasena, Amal (12 February 2012), "The Sutta on Understanding Death in the Transmission of Borān Meditation From Siam to the Kandyan Court",
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416:) Samruai to join him at Wat Pho, which he did. However, in his fourth year as a monk, both Phra Sodh and his brother Samanen Samruai fell seriously ill because of
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of 1916, he sat down in the main shrine hall of Wat Botbon, resolving not to waver in his practice of meditation. He meditated for three hours on the mantra
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672:, who Luang Pu Sodh once described as "first among many, second to none" in terms of meditation skill, according to the biography of Wat Phra Dhammakaya.
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Phramonkolthepmuni (2008) "Visudhivaca: Translation of Morradok Dhamma of Luang Phaw Wat Paknam", Vol.II (Bangkok, 60th Dhammachai Education Foundation)
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Luang Pu Sodh was one of the first Thai preceptors to ordain people outside Thailand as Buddhist monks. He ordained the Englishman William Purfurst (
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The Origins and Development of Sammā Arahaṃ Meditation: From Phra Mongkhon Thepmuni (Sot Candasaro) to Phra Thep Yan Mongkhon (Sermchai Jayamaṅgalo)
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he was a more than capable scholar: he believed that having obtained an official Pāli degree, he might be recruited for administrative work in the
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Phramonkolthepmuni (2006) "Visudhivaca: Translation of Morradok Dhamma of Luang Phaw Wat Paknam" (Bangkok, 60th Dhammachai Education Foundation)
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Nevertheless, because of his work, he was noticed by leading monks in the Saṅgha. Still in 1916, Somdet Phuean, the monastic governor of
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mindfulness to the inner bodies for practitioners who could see them with meditative attainments, a literal interpretation of "in".
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All traditional biographies relate that this was Sodh's surname. However, surnames only became current in Thailand many years later.
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at the centre of his body, followed by new spheres, each "brighter and clearer." According to Luang Pu Sodh, this was the true
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Développement social et régime providentiel en thaïlande: La philanthropie religieuse en tant que nouveau capital démocratique
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338:') Sodh started to study meditation and scripture, as he came across a word in Pāli language which drew his attention:
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Richard Randall) as "Kapilavaḍḍho" at Wat Paknam in 1954. Kapilavaḍḍho returned to Britain to found and help lead the
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483:, the "spiritual essence of the Buddha and nibbana exists as a literal reality within the human body," and the true
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Social Development and a Providential Regime in Thailand: Religious Philanthropy as a New Form of Democratic Capital
2060:, p. 34) mentions an institute of Buddhist education which Luang Pu Sodh built in 1950, costing 3,000,000 baht.
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In modern times, Thai monks are given titles by the royal family in credit for their merits in developing Buddhism.
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Vuddhasilo, Phramaha Wichai (2003) , "ชีวประวัติหลวงพ่อวัดปากน้ำ ภาษีเจริญ พระภาวนาโกศลเถร ", in Singhon (ed.),
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Rawlinson, A. (1994), "The Transmission of Theravada Buddhism to the West", in Masefield, P.; Wiebe, D. (eds.),
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Phra Sodh spent much time teaching. Even when he was still at Wat Pho, he would teach Pāli language in his own
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582:, admitted that this achievement made him want to know more about Luang Pu Sodh and keep in contact with him.
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There are differing timelines on when this occurred. Some scholars indicate 1915, others 1916 or 1917.
370:, among others, and learnt about meditation during approximately 10 years (at eight temples, including
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Monks, meditation and missing links: continuity, "orthodoxy" and the vijja dhammakaya in Thai Buddhism
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along important places in the life of Luang Pu. In 2020, the pilgrimage was held for the eighth time.
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school in the early 20th century. As the former abbot of Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen, he is often called
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Booklet distributed during the ordination of British monks. 10,000 copies were made, says the cover.
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New Buddhist Movements in Thailand: Towards an understanding of Wat Phra Dhammakaya and Santi Asoke
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In his first years as a monk, living at Wat Pho, he had difficulty obtaining food on traditional
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Golden statue of Luang Pu Sodh Candasaro, as used in a ceremony organized by Wat Phra Dhammakaya
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The Buddhist Handbook: A Complete Guide to Buddhist Teaching, Practice, History, and Schools
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Nirvana for Sale? Buddhism, Wealth, and the Dhammakāya Temple in Contemporary Thailand
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Statue of Luang Pu Sodh Candasaro at Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen, placed above his coffin.
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1792:[Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen, Office of Pali Studies Coordination, Sanam Luang].
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of meditation in Thailand. Luang Pu Sodh ordained a British monk that helped pioneer
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Phramongkolthepmuni. "อัตชีวประวัติ พระมงคงเทพมุนี (สด จนฺทสโร) หลวงปู่วัดปากน้ำ ".
491:). According to Mackenzie, "Luang Phaw Sot sought to relate his breakthrough to the
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The Practice and Personal Teaching of Meditation Methods in Thai Theravāda Buddhism
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Although Phra Sodh had studied with many masters, and had mastered many important
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Religious Propensity of Urban Communities: A Case Study of Phra Dhammakaya Temple
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Religious Organizations and Democratization: Case Studies from Contemporary Asia
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2391:[Offering an Honorary Arts Degree to Somdet Phramaharachamangalacharn].
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4627:
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3950:
3813:
2798:
2784:
2420:
879:
In Theravāda Buddhist meditation tradition, the appearance of a bright object (
770:
723:
715:
460:
382:
289:
3396:
3380:
2668:
2624:
The position of nuns in Thai Buddhism: The parameters of religious recognition
776:
6259:
5969:
5818:
5127:
5029:
4887:
4688:
4666:
4602:
4273:
4068:
4063:
3955:
3624:
3397:
The ordination of Robert Albison, George Blake and Peter Morgan, January 1956
2487:[Dhammakaya Evidence in Ancient Buddhist Books, Academic Version 1],
2457:
2021:
1609:
1311:
899:
881:
660:
643:
559:
555:
397:
367:
4427:
4417:
3789:
1581:, p. 67). For the fact that Somdet Phuean was Phra Sodh's teacher, see
617:
479:
443:
258:
An image of Luang Pu Sodh at Wat Song Phi Nong, the temple at his birthplace
6059:
6044:
6014:
5964:
5954:
5796:
5591:
5084:
4919:
4797:
4585:
4580:
4407:
4278:
4153:
3614:
2984:
2979:
2922:
2636:
2386:
682:
558:
and one of Phra Sodh's teachers, appointed Phra Sodh as a caretaker abbot (
4842:
4827:
4787:
4484:
4148:
3724:
2455:[The eighth pilgrimage along the path of the Vanquisher of Mara].
906:
has commented that this view of Buddhism is similar to ideas found in the
6029:
5858:
4999:
4984:
4767:
4575:
4503:
4283:
4113:
4015:
3862:
3734:
523:
452:) after his ordination, in 1916, he stayed at Wat Botbon at Bangkuvieng,
434:
179:
141:
6019:
4479:
2388:ถวายปริญญาศิลปศาสตรดุษฎีบัณฑิตกิตติมศักดิ์ แด่สมเด็จพระมหารัชมังคลาจารย์
798:
276:
on 10 October 1884 to a relatively well-off family of rice merchants in
5974:
5932:
5808:
5614:
5539:
5153:
5137:
5099:
5079:
4974:
4949:
4857:
4792:
4772:
4518:
4449:
4320:
4203:
4173:
4108:
4058:
3716:
3706:
3679:
3401:
2423:[58 years after Luang Pu Sodh's passing: many Buddhists join].
389:
301:
4994:
3990:
2514:
The Life and Teaching of Chao Khun Mongkol-Thepmuni and The Dhammakāya
2019:[Brief biography of Luang Por Sodh, Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen].
1607:[Brief biography of Luang Por Sodh, Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen].
1309:[Brief biography of Luang Por Sodh, Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen].
318:
Sodh was ordained at Wat Songpinong in his hometown and was given the
5949:
5922:
5089:
4964:
4676:
4592:
4469:
4359:
4332:
4325:
4288:
4245:
4208:
3975:
3940:
3907:
3882:
3837:
3309:
3075:การปฏิบัติ และการสอบอารมณ์กรรมฐานตามหลักพระพุทธศาสนาเถรวาทในประเทศไทย
2871:
2555:] (M.A. thesis) (in Thai), College of Interdisciplinary Studies,
2393:
571:
293:
248:
120:
25:
5722:
4558:
4412:
4178:
3960:
3829:
3821:
2596:
254:
6239:
6079:
6034:
5979:
5944:
5848:
5507:
5074:
5069:
5019:
4954:
4872:
4837:
4832:
4493:
4364:
4352:
4263:
3922:
3619:
2000:
1778:, p. 31), "Phra rao tong mai su, tong mai ni, chana thukthi."
1668:
1290:
1166:
1050:
1048:
633:
567:
417:
393:
363:
110:
5064:
5054:
5039:
4862:
4732:
4000:
3073:
Tanachito, Phramaha Chit; Pipithvarakijjanukorn, Phrakhru (2016),
2538:
The English Sangha (gift at ordination ceremony of English Sangha)
2531:
2105:
16:
Thai Buddhist monk and founder of the Dhammakaya meditation school
5984:
5927:
5912:
5059:
5049:
5024:
4899:
4894:
4852:
4822:
4754:
4720:
4607:
4548:
4543:
4397:
4300:
4138:
4088:
3875:
3701:
2627:(Ph.D. Thesis), Research School of Archaeology and Anthropology,
1359:
1018:
780:
Luang Pu Sodh (centre left) sitting with the monks of Wat Paknam
754:
655:
588:
359:
331:
4671:
4439:
1045:
707:. Luang Pu Sodh financed the building through the production of
46:
6064:
6049:
5885:
5747:
5727:
5502:
5164:
5044:
5034:
4969:
4597:
4553:
4538:
4528:
4498:
4422:
4305:
4073:
3945:
3689:
3684:
1680:
1304:, pp. 99–100). For the period of learning meditation, see
911:
623:
548:
488:
3072:
2063:
1878:
1716:
1301:
6204:
6039:
5897:
5863:
5843:
5813:
5742:
5159:
5004:
4882:
4877:
4847:
4802:
4649:
4644:
4523:
4228:
4053:
4020:
4010:
2746:
An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices
1465:
1463:
1461:
1300:
For the names of the temples where he learnt meditation, see
1288:[Luang Por Sodh Candasaro, Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen].
448:
272:
According to traditional biographies, Luang Pu Sodh was born
3121:
Singhon (2003) , "วัดปากน้ำปี พ.ศ ๒๔๙๗ ", in Singhon (ed.),
2297:"2014 Lifetime Achievement Award – Dr. B. George Blake"
1998:[Luang Por Sod Candasaro, Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen].
1800:
1666:[Luang Por Sod Candasaro, Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen].
960:
958:
956:
954:
6074:
4867:
4533:
4030:
2975:"'Are you sure you're not doing some African black magic?'"
2548:สถานภาพของแม่ชี: กรณีศึกษาแม่ชีวัดปากน้ําภาษีเจริญ กรุงเทพฯ
1851:
1547:
1499:
1383:
1222:
1220:
1178:
1142:
704:
592:(nuns), with separate monastic cells and meditation rooms.
319:
3271:
Webb, Russell (3 June 2016), "Hampstead Buddhist Vihāra",
2265:
1829:
1827:
1458:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
793:
name Suratano, and wrote a biography about Luang Pu Sodh.
5732:
4268:
2343:
1938:
1890:
1704:
1371:
951:
2489:
Songklanakarin Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
2241:
2123:
2031:
For the type of hospital, see the Kom Chad Luek article.
1757:
1621:
1347:
1217:
1190:
1154:
1130:
219:(10 October 1884 – 3 February 1959), also known as
2709:ศาสนาทัศน์ของชุมชนเมืองสมัยใหม่: ศึกษากรณีวัดพระธรรมกาย
2355:
2198:
2196:
2111:
1839:
1824:
1692:
1511:
1487:
1475:
1439:
1207:
1205:
1035:
1033:
987:
985:
423:
227:
from 1916 until his death in 1959. He founded the Thai
2909:(Ph.D. Thesis), Department of the Study of Religions,
2480:
2319:
2208:
1926:
1914:
1868:
1866:
1728:
1535:
1323:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1024:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
223:, was a Thai Buddhist monk who served as the abbot of
3092:
Aspects of Religion: Essays in Honour of Ninian Smart
2682:
2654:
2553:
Nun's status: A Case Study of Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen
2034:
1902:
1395:
1365:
1335:
1282:, pp. 81, 95). For the study of scriptures, see
1271:
1172:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1054:
251:
Buddhism in the West, a point previously overlooked.
2331:
2193:
2087:
2075:
1950:
1202:
1030:
982:
733:
2367:
2277:
2253:
1962:
1863:
1559:
1523:
1118:
1101:
1089:
997:
714:Luang Pu Sodh took part in the construction of the
2481:Awirutthapanich, Pichit; Pantiya, Punchai (2017),
1974:
1060:
970:
411:
2534:คณะสงฆ์อังกฤษ (ที่ระลึกในงานอุปสมนทคณะสงฆ์อังกฤษ)
2520:, (Terry Magness), triple-gem.net, archived from
2234:, p. 91). For the person ordaining him, see
1812:
6257:
2421:"ครบ 58 ปีมรณภาพหลวงปู่สดพุทธศาสนิกชนเนื่องแน่น"
2484:หลักฐาน ธรรมกายในคัมภีร์พุทธโบราณ ฉบับวิชาการ 1
2453:"โครงการธรรมยาตรา เส้นทางพระผู้ปราบมาร ปีที่ 8"
2017:"ประวัติโดยสังเขป หลวงพ่อสด วัดปากน้ำภาษีเจริญ"
1605:"ประวัติโดยสังเขป หลวงพ่อสด วัดปากน้ำภาษีเจริญ"
1419:[Phramongkolthepmuni, Sodh Candasaro].
1307:"ประวัติโดยสังเขป หลวงพ่อสด วัดปากน้ำภาษีเจริญ"
1241:
757:Buddhists that used to practice at Wat Paknam.
2778:
2271:
566:) of Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen, then located in
430:Dhammakaya meditation § The samatha stage
3598:
3417:
1790:วัดปากน้ำภาษีเจริญ สำนักงานแม่กองบาลีสนามหลวง
722:in the 1950s. The park was built to host the
4380:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
3302:Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations
3257:(in Thai), vol. 3, Sukhumwit Printing,
3125:(in Thai), vol. 3, Sukhumwit Printing,
2720:(published Ph.D.), Buddhist Studies Center,
2705:
1884:
1806:
1722:
1469:
964:
898:In some respects its teachings resemble the
438:Luang Pu Sodh chanting a text after the meal
239:during that period. He is considered by the
2689:The Life and Times of Luang Phaw Wat Paknam
2544:
1896:
1857:
1796:(in Thai). The Post Publishing. p. B4.
1710:
1686:
1377:
1302:Tanachito & Pipithvarakijjanukorn (2016
3605:
3591:
3424:
3410:
3252:
2594:
2568:Cheng, Tun-jen; Brown, Deborah A. (2015),
2567:
2532:Buddhabhavana Society (Ngee Hua) (1956),
2057:
1932:
1775:
1763:
1751:
1644:
1627:
1582:
1553:
1541:
1505:
1389:
1353:
1237:
1235:
1226:
1196:
1184:
1160:
1148:
1136:
522:, but was lost 500 years after the Buddha
162:
148:
132:
65:
45:
3355:, compiled based on numerous Thai sources
3138:
3088:
3083:Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University
2860:
2149:, p. 262). For the association, see
2129:
2117:
1944:
1845:
1698:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1517:
1452:
852:Some sources state 1885 as year of birth.
788:(Leslie George Dawson), a teacher in the
718:, an ambitious project of Prime Minister
650:). These practitioners, mostly monks and
638:that Luang Pu Sodh's method was correct.
3431:
3298:
3177:
2796:
2146:
1833:
1787:
1493:
1481:
775:
743:
693:
616:
533:
433:
253:
5567:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
3541:Global Buddhist Network (media channel)
3382:Video about life of Luang Pu Wat Paknam
3120:
3044:
2972:
2510:
2325:
2283:
2227:
2214:
2174:. Buddha Dharma Education Association.
1996:"หลวงพ่อสด จันทสโร วัดปากน้ำ ภาษีเจริญ"
1664:"หลวงพ่อสด จันทสโร วัดปากน้ำ ภาษีเจริญ"
1640:
1401:
1286:"หลวงพ่อสด จันทสโร วัดปากน้ำ ภาษีเจริญ"
1275:
1232:
1112:
1095:
889:) is a sign of developed concentration.
730:venerated for their attributed powers.
514:meditation method which he also called
459:Thus, on the full-moon day in the 10th
6258:
5770:List of Buddhist architecture in China
2940:
2911:School of Oriental and African Studies
2902:
2742:
2540:] (in Thai), Watanatham Publishers
2361:
2349:
2337:
2247:
2231:
2202:
2142:
2106:Buddhabhavana Society (Ngee Hua), 1956
2093:
2081:
2069:
2053:
2040:
1993:
1956:
1920:
1908:
1734:
1676:from the original on 23 December 2019.
1661:
1650:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1341:
1329:
1298:from the original on 23 December 2019.
1283:
1279:
1211:
1083:
1039:
1012:
991:
612:
3586:
3405:
3202:from the original on 11 November 2020
3002:
2991:from the original on 22 December 2017
2731:from the original on 28 February 2017
2397:(in Thai). Wacharapol. 2 April 2014.
2373:
2307:from the original on 22 December 2017
2181:from the original on 21 December 2018
2008:from the original on 23 December 2019
1968:
1872:
1750:, p. 67). For the governor, see
1747:
1643:, p. 38). For the 13 monks, see
1578:
1565:
1529:
1427:from the original on 29 November 2017
1124:
976:
761:
3392:Recordings of Luang Pu Sodh teaching
3270:
3213:
2620:
2465:from the original on 6 January 2020.
2433:from the original on 9 February 2017
2401:from the original on 7 December 2017
2259:
2235:
2150:
2011:
1980:
1818:
1788:Thatkaew, Worathan (9 March 2008).
855:
424:Development of Dhammakāya meditation
3551:The tradition in the United Kingdom
2301:African Canadian Achievement Awards
1588:
1366:Crosby, Skilton & Gunasena 2012
529:
501:a body' as 'contemplating the body
13:
5557:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
3255:People from the Beginning of Vijjā
3166:from the original on 18 March 2017
3123:People from the Beginning of Vijjā
3014:State University of New York Press
2929:from the original on 18 March 2017
2499:from the original on 10 March 2018
1407:
1025:Awirutthapanich & Pantiya 2017
14:
6307:
3462:Wat Luang Phor Sodh Dhammakayaram
3374:
2797:Litalien, Manuel (January 2010),
2767:from the original on 27 July 2020
2643:from the original on 16 June 2019
2162:
1421:Wat Luang Por Sodh Dhammakayarama
734:Introducing Buddhism in the world
6291:Thai Buddhist spiritual teachers
6286:People from Suphan Buri province
6238:
6228:
6227:
5785:Thai temple art and architecture
5530:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
3770:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
3636:
3623:
3613:
3225:Suan Mokh, Thammakai, Santi Asok
2903:Newell, Catherine Sarah (2008),
2826:from the original on 6 June 2018
2813:published as a monograph in 2016
2445:
2413:
2379:
2029:from the original on 5 May 2019.
1746:For the illegal businesses, see
1617:from the original on 5 May 2019.
1319:from the original on 5 May 2019.
902:doctrines of Mahayana Buddhism.
724:2500 Buddha Jayanti celebrations
3637:
3241:from the original on 6 May 2022
3109:from the original on 6 May 2022
2961:from the original on 6 May 2022
2817:Université du Québec à Montréal
2609:from the original on 6 May 2022
2545:Chattinawat, Nathathai (2009),
2289:
2220:
2156:
2135:
2046:
1986:
1781:
1769:
1740:
1633:
1571:
1264:
931:
921:
914:school of Tibet made famous by
892:
873:
864:
812:
5775:Japanese Buddhist architecture
5577:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
4657:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
3848:Places where the Buddha stayed
3478:History of Wat Phra Dhammakaya
3369:Biography by close lay student
3359:Biography by British Malaysian
3342:
3227:], Mo Chaoban Publishing,
2792:(26), Johnson, 3 November 1955
2629:Australian National University
846:
803:Buddhism in the United Kingdom
1:
6296:Thai Theravada Buddhist monks
5790:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
3285:10.1080/14639947.2016.1189132
2973:Rinaldi, Luc (29 June 2014),
2706:Fuengfusakul, Apinya (1998),
944:
313:
267:
5547:Buddhism and the Roman world
5523:Decline of Buddhism in India
5518:History of Buddhism in India
3618: Topics in
3059:10.1080/14639947.2013.785247
2657:Journal of Indian Philosophy
2429:(in Thai). 3 February 2017.
1994:Witaya, An (9 August 2019).
1662:Witaya, An (9 August 2019).
1284:Witaya, An (9 August 2019).
1272:Dhammakaya Foundation (2010)
262:
7:
6276:20th-century Buddhist monks
4745:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
4485:
3546:List of Dhammakaya branches
3152:Journal of the Siam Society
3003:Scott, Rachelle M. (2009),
2461:(in Thai). 5 January 2020.
1416:พระมงคลเทพมุนี (สด จนฺทสโร)
412:
10:
6312:
5695:The unanswerable questions
3220:สวนโมกข์ ธรรมกาย สันติอโศก
2751:Cambridge University Press
2511:Bhikkhu, Suratano (1960),
2473:
1173:Dhammakaya Foundation 2010
1055:Dhammakaya Foundation 2010
737:
574:Sodh" or "Luang Pu Sodh".
427:
6223:
6175:
6090:
6005:
5780:Buddhist temples in Korea
5703:
5605:
5488:
5185:
5113:
4940:
4813:
4753:
4388:
4343:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
4254:
4246:Three planes of existence
4194:
4039:
3931:
3861:
3853:Buddha in world religions
3715:
3660:
3632:
3564:
3533:
3517:
3486:
3470:
3439:
2669:10.1007/s10781-011-9151-y
885:
689:
664:
647:
563:
401:
200:
195:
185:
175:
170:
163:
156:
149:
140:
133:
126:
116:
106:
90:
66:
58:
53:
44:
35:
23:
5562:Persecution of Buddhists
4783:Four stages of awakening
4164:Three marks of existence
3750:Physical characteristics
3572:Come and See (2021 film)
3219:
2861:Mackenzie, Rory (2007),
2722:Chulalongkorn University
2708:
2621:Cook, Nerida M. (1981),
2547:
2533:
2483:
2387:
2072:, pp. 84–5, 99–106.
2025:(in Thai). 31 May 2015.
1789:
1613:(in Thai). 31 May 2015.
1415:
1315:(in Thai). 31 May 2015.
839:
675:
36:
4925:Ten principal disciples
3808:(aunt, adoptive mother)
3494:Luang Pu Sodh Candasaro
3447:Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen
3363:Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen
3299:Williams, Paul (2009),
2595:Cholvijarn, P. (2019),
916:Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen
298:Nakhon Chai Si District
225:Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen
217:Luang Pu Sodh Candasaro
209:Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen
5635:Buddhism and democracy
5148:Tibetan Buddhist canon
5143:Chinese Buddhist canon
4375:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
4370:Early Buddhist schools
3534:International presence
2923:10.25501/SOAS.00007499
2780:"Ordain Buddhist Monk"
2743:Harvey, Peter (2013),
2637:10.25911/5d78d6049c808
1933:Cheng & Brown 2015
781:
749:
740:Dhammakaya Movement UK
699:
628:
539:
507:Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta
439:
259:
5645:Eight Consciousnesses
3755:Life of Buddha in art
3525:Dhammakaya Meditation
3365:and met Luang Pu Sodh
3273:Contemporary Buddhism
3178:Snelling, J. (1987),
3095:, Lang, p. 360,
3047:Contemporary Buddhism
2947:, Rider and Company,
2684:Dhammakaya Foundation
2603:University of Bristol
1639:For the neglect, see
1248:Dhammakaya Foundation
779:
747:
697:
620:
605:, Phramongkolratmuni
537:
437:
257:
243:to have rediscovered
6281:Dhammakaya tradition
6122:East Asian religions
5552:Buddhism in the West
5123:Early Buddhist texts
4738:Four Right Exertions
4204:Ten spiritual realms
3697:Noble Eightfold Path
3509:Chandra Khonnokyoong
3499:Luang Por Dhammajayo
3433:Dhammakaya Tradition
2915:University of London
2557:Thammasat University
2165:"Honour Thy Fathers"
1689:, pp. 55–6, 58.
766:English Sangha Trust
670:Chandra Khonnokyoong
564:ผู้รักษาการเจ้าอาวาส
278:Amphoe Song Phi Nong
241:Dhammakaya tradition
6245:Religion portal
5992:Temple of the Tooth
5871:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
4910:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
4403:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
4186:Two truths doctrine
4006:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3806:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3518:Meditation Practice
3504:Luang Por Dattajivo
3452:Wat Phra Dhammakaya
3353:Wat Phra Dhammakaya
3144:"Thai Spirituality"
2944:Buddhism in Britain
2941:Oliver, I. (1979),
2352:, pp. 91, 116.
2230:, p. 165) and
2145:, p. 102) and
2014:, p. 76); and
1244:Moradoktham, Book 1
627:hall of Wat Bot Bon
613:Teaching meditation
580:Wat Chana Songkhram
487:(as opposed to the
454:Nonthaburi Province
372:Wat Ratchasittharam
307:Wat Phra Dhammakaya
233:Luang Pu Wat Paknam
221:Phramongkolthepmuni
160:Phramongkolthepmuni
130:Luang Pu Wat Paknam
85:, Suphan Buri, Siam
6167:Western philosophy
5765:Dzong architecture
5587:Vipassana movement
5582:Buddhist modernism
5010:Emperor Wen of Sui
4778:Pratyekabuddhayāna
4711:Threefold Training
4513:Vipassana movement
4229:Hungry Ghost realm
4049:Avidyā (Ignorance)
3996:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
3745:Great Renunciation
3740:Eight Great Events
3622:
3349:Official biography
2891:on 22 October 2020
2272:Jet magazine, 1955
2250:, pp. 86, 91.
1887:, pp. 24, 99.
1725:, pp. 23, 25.
1250:. pp. 29–39.
799:New Burmese Method
782:
750:
700:
629:
540:
494:Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta
440:
260:
157:Monastic name
6253:
6252:
5891:Om mani padme hum
5597:Women in Buddhism
5513:Buddhist councils
5383:Western countries
5171:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
4932:Shaolin Monastery
4509:Samatha-vipassanā
4119:Pratītyasamutpāda
3923:Metteyya/Maitreya
3841:
3833:
3825:
3817:
3809:
3801:
3793:
3670:Four Noble Truths
3580:
3579:
3319:978-1-134-25057-8
3264:978-974-91493-7-9
3195:978-0-89281-319-3
3132:978-974-91493-7-9
3102:978-0-8204-2237-4
3023:978-1-4416-2410-9
2954:978-0-09-138161-5
2881:978-0-203-96646-4
2846:External link in
2760:978-0-521-85942-4
2699:978-974-89409-4-6
2581:978-1-317-46105-0
2364:, pp. 106–7.
1885:Fuengfusakul 1998
1807:Fuengfusakul 1998
1723:Fuengfusakul 1998
1556:, pp. 26–27.
1508:, pp. 50–55.
1470:Fuengfusakul 1998
1423:(in Thai). 1999.
1392:, pp. 22–23.
1257:978-616-7200-36-1
1187:, pp. 18–19.
1151:, pp. 14–15.
965:Fuengfusakul 1998
910:teachings of the
834:978-974-349-815-2
824:978-974-94230-3-5
410:
214:
213:
142:Dharma names
101:Bangkok, Thailand
6303:
6243:
6242:
6231:
6230:
6070:Sacred languages
5918:Maya Devi Temple
5881:Mahabodhi Temple
5685:Secular Buddhism
5650:Engaged Buddhism
4490:
4338:Tibetan Buddhism
4289:Vietnamese Thiền
3888:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
3839:
3831:
3823:
3815:
3807:
3799:
3791:
3640:
3639:
3627:
3617:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3584:
3583:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3403:
3402:
3383:
3361:who ordained at
3337:
3336:
3334:
3328:
3322:, archived from
3307:
3295:
3267:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3186:Inner Traditions
3174:
3173:
3171:
3165:
3148:
3140:Sivaraksa, Sulak
3135:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3085:
3069:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3033:on 7 August 2015
3032:
3026:, archived from
3011:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2890:
2884:, archived from
2869:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2825:
2810:
2793:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2730:
2719:
2702:
2692:(4th ed.),
2679:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2564:
2563:on 23 March 2016
2559:, archived from
2541:
2528:
2526:
2519:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2467:
2466:
2449:
2443:
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2377:
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2341:
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2323:
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2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
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2263:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2180:
2169:
2160:
2154:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2108:, pp. 1–10.
2103:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2058:Vuddhasilo (2003
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2009:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1947:, pp. 34–5.
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1923:, pp. 80–1.
1918:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1897:Chattinawat 2009
1894:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1861:
1860:, pp. 56–7.
1858:Chattinawat 2009
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1809:, pp. 24–5.
1804:
1798:
1797:
1785:
1779:
1776:Vuddhasilo (2003
1773:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1752:Vuddhasilo (2003
1744:
1738:
1737:, pp. 84–5.
1732:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1711:Chattinawat 2009
1708:
1702:
1696:
1690:
1687:Chattinawat 2009
1684:
1678:
1677:
1659:
1648:
1645:Vuddhasilo (2003
1637:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1601:
1586:
1583:Vuddhasilo (2003
1575:
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1563:
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1533:
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1450:
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1434:
1432:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1378:Chattinawat 2009
1375:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1332:, pp. 81–2.
1327:
1321:
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1299:
1268:
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929:
925:
919:
896:
890:
887:
877:
871:
868:
862:
859:
853:
850:
790:Tibetan Buddhist
786:Namgyal Rinpoché
763:
720:Phibun Songkhram
666:
649:
608:
604:
565:
530:Life as an abbot
516:Vijjā Dhammakāya
415:
405:
403:
380:
245:Vijja Dhammakaya
166:
165:
152:
151:
136:
135:
134:หลวงปู่วัดปากน้ำ
127:Other names
97:
78:
76:
69:
68:
49:
21:
20:
6311:
6310:
6306:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6301:
6300:
6256:
6255:
6254:
6249:
6237:
6219:
6171:
6086:
6001:
5738:Ordination hall
5699:
5601:
5572:Buddhist crisis
5484:
5181:
5133:Mahayana sutras
5109:
5105:Thích Nhất Hạnh
4936:
4809:
4749:
4699:Bodhisattva vow
4384:
4250:
4190:
4149:Taṇhā (Craving)
4084:Five hindrances
4035:
3927:
3857:
3711:
3656:
3628:
3611:
3581:
3576:
3560:
3529:
3513:
3482:
3466:
3457:Wat Rajorasaram
3435:
3430:
3381:
3377:
3345:
3340:
3332:
3330:
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3320:
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2894:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2867:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2815:) (in French),
2811:(Ph.D. Thesis,
2808:
2770:
2768:
2761:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2717:
2710:
2700:
2646:
2644:
2612:
2610:
2586:
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2295:
2294:
2290:
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2278:
2270:
2266:
2258:
2254:
2246:
2242:
2238:, p. 187).
2225:
2221:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2194:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2167:
2161:
2157:
2153:, p. 185).
2140:
2136:
2128:
2124:
2116:
2112:
2104:
2100:
2092:
2088:
2080:
2076:
2068:
2064:
2051:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2015:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1963:
1955:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1931:
1927:
1919:
1915:
1907:
1903:
1895:
1891:
1883:
1879:
1871:
1864:
1856:
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1844:
1840:
1832:
1825:
1817:
1813:
1805:
1801:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1774:
1770:
1764:Vuddhasilo 2003
1762:
1758:
1745:
1741:
1733:
1729:
1721:
1717:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1693:
1685:
1681:
1660:
1651:
1638:
1634:
1628:Vuddhasilo 2003
1626:
1622:
1603:
1602:
1589:
1576:
1572:
1564:
1560:
1554:Cholvijarn 2019
1552:
1548:
1542:Vuddhasilo 2003
1540:
1536:
1528:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1506:Cholvijarn 2019
1504:
1500:
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1488:
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1459:
1451:
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1412:
1408:
1400:
1396:
1390:Vuddhasilo 2003
1388:
1384:
1376:
1372:
1364:
1360:
1354:Vuddhasilo 2003
1352:
1348:
1340:
1336:
1328:
1324:
1305:
1269:
1265:
1258:
1240:
1233:
1227:Vuddhasilo 2003
1225:
1218:
1210:
1203:
1197:Vuddhasilo 2003
1195:
1191:
1185:Vuddhasilo 2003
1183:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1161:Vuddhasilo 2003
1159:
1155:
1149:Vuddhasilo 2003
1147:
1143:
1137:Vuddhasilo 2003
1135:
1131:
1123:
1119:
1111:
1102:
1094:
1090:
1082:
1061:
1053:
1046:
1038:
1031:
1023:
1019:
1011:
998:
990:
983:
975:
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952:
947:
942:
941:
936:
932:
926:
922:
897:
893:
878:
874:
869:
865:
860:
856:
851:
847:
842:
815:
797:introduced the
742:
736:
692:
678:
615:
606:
602:
532:
505:the body'. The
432:
426:
374:
316:
296:in Bangkok and
270:
265:
186:Founder of
161:
147:
131:
102:
99:
95:
94:3 February 1959
86:
80:
79:10 October 1884
74:
72:
71:
70:
64:
40:
38:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6309:
6299:
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6144:
6139:
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6119:
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5994:
5989:
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5977:
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5957:
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5900:
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5893:
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5878:
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5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5805:
5804:
5802:Greco-Buddhist
5794:
5793:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5756:
5755:
5753:Burmese pagoda
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5709:
5707:
5701:
5700:
5698:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5611:
5609:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5543:
5542:
5535:Greco-Buddhism
5532:
5527:
5526:
5525:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5494:
5492:
5486:
5485:
5483:
5482:
5481:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5468:United Kingdom
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5413:Czech Republic
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5380:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5363:
5362:
5361:
5351:
5350:
5349:
5344:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5303:
5302:
5292:
5287:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5191:
5189:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5177:Abhidharmadīpa
5174:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5119:
5117:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5095:B. R. Ambedkar
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5015:Songtsen Gampo
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4946:
4944:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4928:
4927:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4891:
4890:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4819:
4817:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4759:
4757:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4708:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4694:Eight precepts
4691:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4631:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4573:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4482:
4472:
4467:
4465:Five Strengths
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4431:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4405:
4400:
4394:
4392:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4356:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4260:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4206:
4200:
4198:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4104:Mental factors
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4045:
4043:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3956:Mahamoggallāna
3953:
3948:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3871:Avalokiteśvara
3867:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3835:
3827:
3819:
3811:
3803:
3795:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3672:
3666:
3664:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3610:
3609:
3602:
3595:
3587:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3537:
3535:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3490:
3488:
3487:Major Teachers
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3437:
3436:
3429:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3376:
3375:External links
3373:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3356:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3329:on 5 June 2018
3318:
3308:(2 ed.),
3296:
3279:(1): 184–194,
3268:
3263:
3250:
3233:
3211:
3194:
3175:
3136:
3131:
3118:
3101:
3086:
3070:
3053:(1): 149–168,
3042:
3022:
3000:
2970:
2953:
2938:
2900:
2880:
2858:
2794:
2776:
2759:
2740:
2703:
2698:
2680:
2663:(2): 177–198,
2652:
2618:
2601:(PhD thesis),
2592:
2580:
2565:
2542:
2529:
2527:on 5 July 2016
2508:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2444:
2412:
2378:
2366:
2354:
2342:
2330:
2328:, p. 151.
2318:
2288:
2276:
2264:
2262:, p. 186.
2252:
2240:
2219:
2217:, p. 165.
2207:
2192:
2163:Shine, Terry.
2155:
2147:Snelling (1987
2134:
2132:, p. 360.
2130:Rawlinson 1994
2122:
2118:Sivaraksa 1987
2110:
2098:
2086:
2074:
2062:
2045:
2043:, p. 107.
2033:
1985:
1973:
1961:
1949:
1945:Mackenzie 2007
1937:
1925:
1913:
1911:, p. 241.
1901:
1889:
1877:
1862:
1850:
1846:Mackenzie 2007
1838:
1836:, p. 130.
1823:
1811:
1799:
1780:
1768:
1756:
1754:, p. 30).
1739:
1727:
1715:
1703:
1699:Mackenzie 2007
1691:
1679:
1649:
1647:, p. 32).
1632:
1620:
1587:
1585:, p. 30).
1570:
1558:
1546:
1534:
1522:
1518:Mackenzie 2007
1510:
1498:
1496:, p. 237.
1486:
1484:, p. 126.
1474:
1457:
1453:Mackenzie 2007
1438:
1406:
1394:
1382:
1370:
1358:
1346:
1344:, p. 329.
1334:
1322:
1276:Bhikkhu (1960)
1263:
1256:
1231:
1216:
1201:
1189:
1177:
1165:
1153:
1141:
1129:
1117:
1100:
1088:
1059:
1044:
1042:, p. 106.
1029:
1017:
996:
994:, p. 389.
981:
969:
949:
948:
946:
943:
940:
939:
930:
920:
891:
872:
863:
854:
844:
843:
841:
838:
837:
836:
826:
814:
811:
771:Ajahn Maha Bua
735:
732:
716:Phutthamonthon
691:
688:
677:
674:
656:psychic powers
614:
611:
531:
528:
504:
500:
425:
422:
383:Wat Chakkrawat
381:, Wat Pho and
322:monastic name
315:
312:
290:Khmer language
274:Sodh Mikaewnoi
269:
266:
264:
261:
212:
211:
202:
198:
197:
196:Senior posting
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
164:พระมงคลเทพมุนี
158:
154:
153:
144:
138:
137:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
100:
98:(aged 74)
92:
88:
87:
81:
63:Sodh Mikaewnoi
62:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
42:
41:
33:
32:
30:Sodh Candasaro
29:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6308:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6234:
6226:
6225:
6222:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6182:
6180:
6178:
6174:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6107:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6097:
6095:
6093:
6089:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6072:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6012:
6010:
6008:
6007:Miscellaneous
6004:
5998:
5997:Vegetarianism
5995:
5993:
5990:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5962:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5892:
5889:
5888:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5841:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5819:Buddha in art
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5803:
5800:
5799:
5798:
5795:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5754:
5751:
5750:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5715:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5706:
5702:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5541:
5538:
5537:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5491:
5487:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5473:United States
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5385:
5384:
5381:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5368:
5367:
5364:
5360:
5357:
5356:
5355:
5352:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5300:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5282:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5188:
5184:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5172:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5155:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5120:
5118:
5116:
5112:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5030:Padmasambhava
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4945:
4943:
4942:Major figures
4939:
4933:
4930:
4926:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4889:
4888:Western tulku
4886:
4885:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4812:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4756:
4752:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4734:
4731:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4712:
4709:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4689:Five precepts
4687:
4686:
4685:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4667:Dhamma vicaya
4665:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4655:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4435:Buddhābhiṣeka
4433:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4247:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4187:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4079:Enlightenment
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4069:Dhamma theory
4067:
4065:
4064:Buddha-nature
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3903:Samantabhadra
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3834:
3828:
3826:
3820:
3818:
3812:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3796:
3794:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3659:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3635:
3634:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3608:
3603:
3601:
3596:
3594:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3440:Major Temples
3438:
3434:
3427:
3422:
3420:
3415:
3413:
3408:
3407:
3404:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3325:
3321:
3315:
3311:
3304:
3303:
3297:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3266:
3260:
3256:
3251:
3240:
3236:
3234:9789748757230
3230:
3226:
3222:
3216:
3215:Vasi, Prawase
3212:
3201:
3197:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3176:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3124:
3119:
3108:
3104:
3098:
3094:
3093:
3087:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3071:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3029:
3025:
3019:
3015:
3008:
3007:
3001:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2960:
2956:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2939:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2901:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2873:
2866:
2865:
2859:
2855:
2840:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2777:
2766:
2762:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2747:
2741:
2727:
2723:
2715:
2711:
2704:
2701:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2653:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2619:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2593:
2583:
2577:
2574:, Routledge,
2573:
2572:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2543:
2539:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2515:
2509:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2479:
2478:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2458:Kom Chad Luek
2454:
2448:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2416:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2382:
2376:, p. 69.
2375:
2370:
2363:
2358:
2351:
2346:
2340:, p. 90.
2339:
2334:
2327:
2322:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2285:
2280:
2273:
2268:
2261:
2256:
2249:
2244:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2228:Skilton (2013
2223:
2216:
2211:
2205:, p. 86.
2204:
2199:
2197:
2177:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2131:
2126:
2120:, p. 85.
2119:
2114:
2107:
2102:
2096:, p. 89.
2095:
2090:
2084:, p. 96.
2083:
2078:
2071:
2066:
2059:
2055:
2054:Newell (2008)
2049:
2042:
2037:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2022:Kom Chad Luek
2018:
2013:
2007:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1989:
1983:, p. 76.
1982:
1977:
1971:, p. 72.
1970:
1965:
1959:, p. 94.
1958:
1953:
1946:
1941:
1934:
1929:
1922:
1917:
1910:
1905:
1899:, p. 59.
1898:
1893:
1886:
1881:
1875:, p. 68.
1874:
1869:
1867:
1859:
1854:
1848:, p. 32.
1847:
1842:
1835:
1834:Litalien 2010
1830:
1828:
1820:
1815:
1808:
1803:
1795:
1784:
1777:
1772:
1766:, p. 31.
1765:
1760:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1736:
1731:
1724:
1719:
1713:, p. 54.
1712:
1707:
1701:, p. 36.
1700:
1695:
1688:
1683:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1646:
1642:
1641:Singhon (2003
1636:
1630:, p. 30.
1629:
1624:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1610:Kom Chad Luek
1606:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1568:, p. 67.
1567:
1562:
1555:
1550:
1543:
1538:
1532:, p. 79.
1531:
1526:
1520:, p. 76.
1519:
1514:
1507:
1502:
1495:
1494:Williams 2009
1490:
1483:
1482:Williams 2009
1478:
1472:, p. 24.
1471:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1455:, p. 31.
1454:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1410:
1404:, p. 34.
1403:
1398:
1391:
1386:
1380:, p. 63.
1379:
1374:
1367:
1362:
1356:, p. 24.
1355:
1350:
1343:
1338:
1331:
1326:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1312:Kom Chad Luek
1308:
1303:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1259:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1238:
1236:
1229:, p. 21.
1228:
1223:
1221:
1214:, p. 80.
1213:
1208:
1206:
1199:, p. 20.
1198:
1193:
1186:
1181:
1175:, p. 28.
1174:
1169:
1163:, p. 18.
1162:
1157:
1150:
1145:
1139:, p. 14.
1138:
1133:
1127:, p. 66.
1126:
1121:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1097:
1092:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1026:
1021:
1015:, p. 82.
1014:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
993:
988:
986:
979:, p. 52.
978:
973:
967:, p. 23.
966:
961:
959:
957:
955:
950:
934:
924:
917:
913:
909:
905:
904:Paul Williams
901:
900:Buddha-nature
895:
888:
883:
876:
867:
858:
849:
845:
835:
831:
827:
825:
821:
817:
816:
810:
806:
804:
800:
794:
791:
787:
778:
774:
772:
767:
758:
756:
746:
741:
731:
727:
725:
721:
717:
712:
710:
706:
696:
687:
684:
673:
671:
667:
662:
657:
653:
648:โรงงานทำวิชชา
645:
639:
636:
635:
626:
625:
619:
610:
598:
595:
591:
590:
583:
581:
575:
573:
569:
561:
557:
556:Phasi Charoen
552:
550:
545:
544:monastic cell
536:
527:
525:
521:
520:enlightenment
517:
511:
508:
502:
498:
496:
495:
490:
486:
482:
481:
476:
472:
471:
466:
462:
457:
455:
451:
450:
445:
436:
431:
421:
419:
414:
408:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
378:
373:
369:
368:Wat Mahadhatu
365:
361:
355:
351:
349:
345:
341:
340:aviccāpaccaya
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:Pāli language
311:
308:
303:
299:
295:
291:
285:
283:
279:
275:
256:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
237:Thai Buddhism
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
210:
206:
203:
199:
194:
191:
188:
184:
181:
178:
174:
169:
159:
155:
145:
143:
139:
129:
125:
122:
119:
115:
112:
109:
105:
93:
89:
84:
83:Song Phi Nong
67:สด มีแก้วน้อย
61:
57:
52:
48:
43:
34:
27:
22:
19:
6185:Bodhisattvas
6105:Christianity
6100:Baháʼí Faith
5965:Dharmachakra
5955:Prayer wheel
5945:Prayer beads
5713:Architecture
5592:969 Movement
5376:Saudi Arabia
5354:Central Asia
5347:South Africa
5169:
5152:
5085:Panchen Lama
4990:Buddhapālita
4586:Satipatthana
4581:Mindful Yoga
4494:Recollection
4408:Brahmavihara
4279:Japanese Zen
4274:Chinese Chan
4234:Animal realm
4041:Key concepts
3863:Bodhisattvas
3675:Three Jewels
3493:
3331:, retrieved
3324:the original
3301:
3276:
3272:
3254:
3243:, retrieved
3224:
3204:, retrieved
3180:
3168:, retrieved
3156:
3150:
3122:
3111:, retrieved
3091:
3078:
3074:
3050:
3046:
3035:, retrieved
3028:the original
3005:
2995:25 September
2993:, retrieved
2985:Rogers Media
2978:
2963:, retrieved
2943:
2931:, retrieved
2905:
2893:, retrieved
2886:the original
2863:
2828:, retrieved
2804:
2799:
2789:
2783:
2769:, retrieved
2745:
2733:, retrieved
2713:
2688:
2660:
2656:
2645:, retrieved
2623:
2611:, retrieved
2597:
2587:19 September
2585:, retrieved
2570:
2561:the original
2552:
2537:
2522:the original
2513:
2501:, retrieved
2492:
2488:
2456:
2447:
2435:. Retrieved
2424:
2415:
2403:. Retrieved
2392:
2381:
2369:
2357:
2345:
2333:
2326:Skilton 2013
2321:
2309:. Retrieved
2300:
2291:
2284:Rinaldi 2014
2279:
2267:
2255:
2243:
2232:Newell (2008
2222:
2215:Skilton 2013
2210:
2185:16 September
2183:. Retrieved
2171:
2158:
2143:Oliver (1979
2137:
2125:
2113:
2101:
2089:
2077:
2065:
2048:
2036:
2020:
1999:
1988:
1976:
1964:
1952:
1940:
1928:
1916:
1904:
1892:
1880:
1853:
1841:
1821:, p. 7.
1814:
1802:
1793:
1783:
1771:
1759:
1742:
1730:
1718:
1706:
1694:
1682:
1667:
1635:
1623:
1608:
1573:
1561:
1549:
1537:
1525:
1513:
1501:
1489:
1477:
1429:. Retrieved
1420:
1409:
1402:Bhikkhu 1960
1397:
1385:
1373:
1361:
1349:
1337:
1325:
1310:
1289:
1280:Newell (2008
1266:
1243:
1192:
1180:
1168:
1156:
1144:
1132:
1120:
1113:Bhikkhu 1960
1096:Skilton 2013
1091:
1020:
972:
933:
923:
894:
880:
875:
866:
857:
848:
813:Publications
807:
795:
783:
759:
751:
728:
713:
701:
683:hypertension
679:
659:
651:
640:
632:
630:
622:
599:
593:
587:
584:
576:
553:
541:
515:
512:
506:
492:
478:
474:
468:
465:sammā araham
464:
458:
447:
441:
387:
356:
352:
339:
327:
323:
317:
286:
273:
271:
244:
232:
220:
216:
215:
171:Organization
96:(1959-02-03)
18:
6271:1959 deaths
6266:1884 births
6030:Dharma talk
5859:Asalha Puja
5655:Eschatology
5458:Switzerland
5438:New Zealand
5366:Middle East
5275:Philippines
5195:Afghanistan
5000:Bodhidharma
4985:Buddhaghosa
4905:Householder
4815:Monasticism
4768:Bodhisattva
4623:Prostration
4576:Mindfulness
4504:Anapanasati
4487:Kammaṭṭhāna
4284:Korean Seon
4224:Asura realm
4219:Human realm
4159:Ten Fetters
4114:Parinirvana
4016:Uppalavanna
3981:Mahākaccana
3966:Mahākassapa
3898:Kṣitigarbha
3893:Ākāśagarbha
3790:Suddhodāna
3735:Four sights
3662:Foundations
3343:Biographies
3333:29 December
2849:|type=
2405:24 December
2362:Newell 2008
2350:Newell 2008
2338:Newell 2008
2311:5 September
2248:Newell 2008
2203:Newell 2008
2094:Newell 2008
2082:Newell 2008
2070:Newell 2008
2041:Newell 2008
2004:(in Thai).
1957:Newell 2008
1921:Newell 2008
1909:Newell 2008
1748:Scott (2009
1735:Newell 2008
1672:(in Thai).
1579:Scott (2009
1342:Harvey 2013
1330:Newell 2008
1294:(in Thai).
1246:(in Thai).
1212:Newell 2008
1084:Newell 2008
1040:Newell 2008
1013:Newell 2008
992:Harvey 2013
461:lunar month
390:alms rounds
375: [
282:Suphan Buri
6260:Categories
6147:Psychology
6127:Gnosticism
6115:Comparison
6110:Influences
6092:Comparison
5975:Bhavacakra
5933:Kushinagar
5908:Pilgrimage
5854:Māgha Pūjā
5809:Bodhi Tree
5625:Buddhology
5615:Abhidharma
5607:Philosophy
5540:Menander I
5408:Costa Rica
5359:Uzbekistan
5200:Bangladesh
5154:Dhammapada
5138:Pali Canon
5100:Ajahn Chah
5080:Dalai Lama
4980:Kumārajīva
4975:Vasubandhu
4950:The Buddha
4858:Zen master
4793:Sakadagami
4773:Buddhahood
4704:Pratimokṣa
4519:Shikantaza
4475:Meditation
4450:Deity yoga
4321:Madhyamaka
4214:Deva realm
4109:Mindstream
4059:Bodhicitta
3971:Aṅgulimāla
3838:Devadatta
3814:Yaśodharā
3717:The Buddha
3707:Middle Way
3556:Manchester
2933:18 January
2647:18 January
2426:Daily News
2374:Scott 2009
2236:Webb (2016
2151:Webb (2016
2012:Cook (1981
1969:Scott 2009
1873:Scott 2009
1794:Post Today
1566:Scott 2009
1530:Scott 2009
1125:Scott 2009
977:Scott 2009
945:References
738:See also:
480:Dhammakāya
477:-body, or
444:Pāli texts
428:See also:
324:Candasaro,
314:Ordination
268:Early life
229:Dhammakāya
190:Dhammakāya
180:Mahānikāya
75:1884-10-10
39:สด จนฺทสโร
6215:Festivals
6195:Buddhists
6157:Theosophy
5960:Symbolism
5950:Hama yumi
5923:Bodh Gaya
5690:Socialism
5665:Evolution
5640:Economics
5478:Venezuela
5393:Australia
5388:Argentina
5312:Sri Lanka
5307:Singapore
5225:Indonesia
5187:Countries
5128:Tripiṭaka
5090:Ajahn Mun
4965:Nagarjuna
4960:Aśvaghoṣa
4843:Anagārika
4838:Śrāmaṇerī
4833:Śrāmaṇera
4828:Bhikkhunī
4788:Sotāpanna
4677:Passaddhi
4618:Offerings
4593:Nekkhamma
4470:Iddhipada
4390:Practices
4360:Theravada
4333:Vajrayana
4326:Yogachara
4296:Pure Land
4209:Six Paths
4196:Cosmology
3976:Anuruddha
3951:Sāriputta
3941:Kaundinya
3933:Disciples
3908:Vajrapāṇi
3760:Footprint
3725:Tathāgata
3310:Routledge
3293:147790641
3067:143082207
2980:Maclean's
2872:Routledge
2677:170112821
2437:4 January
2394:Thai Rath
2260:Webb 2016
2172:Buddhanet
1981:Cook 1981
1819:Vasi 1987
1431:19 August
607:(in 1955)
603:(in 1949)
572:Luang Por
407:romanized
348:ignorance
336:venerable
330:meaning '
263:Biography
249:Theravāda
146:Candasaro
121:Theravāda
6233:Category
6162:Violence
6132:Hinduism
6080:Sanskrit
6035:Hinayana
6020:Amitābha
5980:Swastika
5849:Uposatha
5839:Holidays
5824:Calendar
5670:Humanism
5508:Kanishka
5498:Timeline
5322:Thailand
5290:Kalmykia
5285:Buryatia
5270:Pakistan
5255:Mongolia
5250:Maldives
5245:Malaysia
5210:Cambodia
5075:Shamarpa
5070:Nichiren
5020:Xuanzang
4955:Nagasena
4873:Rinpoche
4603:Pāramitā
4445:Devotion
4365:Navayana
4353:Dzogchen
4316:Nichiren
4264:Mahayana
4256:Branches
4134:Saṅkhāra
3883:Mañjuśrī
3840:(cousin)
3832:(cousin)
3800:(mother)
3792:(father)
3780:Miracles
3730:Birthday
3647:Glossary
3620:Buddhism
3565:In media
3239:archived
3217:(1987),
3200:archived
3161:archived
3142:(1987),
3107:archived
2989:archived
2959:archived
2927:archived
2839:citation
2830:14 March
2821:archived
2765:archived
2726:archived
2686:(2010),
2641:archived
2607:archived
2503:10 March
2497:archived
2463:Archived
2431:Archived
2399:Archived
2305:Archived
2176:Archived
2027:Archived
2006:Archived
2001:Khao Sod
1674:Archived
1669:Khao Sod
1615:Archived
1425:Archived
1317:Archived
1296:Archived
1291:Khao Sod
908:shentong
652:mae chis
634:uposatha
594:Mae chis
589:mae chis
568:Thonburi
489:non-self
418:smallpox
364:Wat Arun
111:Buddhism
107:Religion
54:Personal
26:Luang Pu
6210:Temples
6190:Buddhas
6152:Science
6142:Judaism
6137:Jainism
6055:Lineage
6015:Abhijñā
5985:Thangka
5928:Sarnath
5913:Lumbini
5834:Funeral
5829:Cuisine
5705:Culture
5680:Reality
5630:Creator
5620:Atomism
5490:History
5463:Ukraine
5423:Germany
5342:Senegal
5332:Vietnam
5260:Myanmar
5060:Shinran
5050:Karmapa
5025:Shandao
4995:Dignāga
4920:Śrāvaka
4900:Donchee
4895:Kappiya
4853:Sayadaw
4823:Bhikkhu
4798:Anāgāmi
4755:Nirvana
4721:Samadhi
4608:Paritta
4549:Tonglen
4544:Mandala
4499:Smarana
4480:Mantras
4428:Upekkha
4398:Bhavana
4348:Shingon
4301:Tiantai
4154:Tathātā
4144:Śūnyatā
4139:Skandha
4129:Saṃsāra
4124:Rebirth
4099:Kleshas
4089:Indriya
3991:Subhūti
3876:Guanyin
3830:Ānanda
3822:Rāhula
3702:Nirvana
3642:Outline
3471:History
3387:YouTube
3245:16 June
3206:16 June
3113:16 June
3081:],
2965:16 June
2771:16 June
2613:17 July
2474:Sources
886:nimitta
755:Shingon
709:amulets
665:abhiññā
413:samanen
409::
360:Wat Pho
150:จนฺทสโร
37:หลวงปู่
6205:Sutras
6200:Suttas
6065:Siddhi
6050:Koliya
6025:Brahmā
5940:Poetry
5886:Mantra
5876:Kasaya
5748:Pagoda
5728:Kyaung
5723:Vihāra
5718:Temple
5660:Ethics
5503:Ashoka
5453:Sweden
5448:Poland
5443:Norway
5433:Mexico
5418:France
5403:Canada
5398:Brazil
5337:Africa
5317:Taiwan
5280:Russia
5205:Bhutan
5165:Vinaya
5045:Naropa
5035:Saraha
4970:Asanga
4726:Prajñā
4635:Refuge
4598:Nianfo
4559:Tertön
4554:Tantra
4539:Ganana
4529:Tukdam
4455:Dhyāna
4423:Mudita
4418:Karuṇā
4311:Risshū
4306:Huayan
4239:Naraka
4179:Anattā
4174:Dukkha
4169:Anicca
4074:Dharma
4026:Channa
3961:Ānanda
3946:Assaji
3913:Skanda
3816:(wife)
3785:Family
3765:Relics
3690:Sangha
3685:Dharma
3680:Buddha
3316:
3291:
3261:
3231:
3192:
3170:4 June
3159:: 85,
3129:
3099:
3065:
3037:4 June
3020:
2951:
2895:4 June
2878:
2807:]
2757:
2735:4 June
2716:]
2696:
2675:
2578:
1254:
912:Jonang
832:
822:
762:a.k.a.
690:Legacy
624:Ubosot
549:Saṅgha
475:Dhamma
470:Dhamma
402:สามเณร
394:novice
344:factor
342:('the
326:Phra (
117:School
6177:Lists
6045:Kalpa
6040:Iddhi
5903:Music
5898:Mudra
5864:Vassa
5844:Vesak
5814:Budai
5760:Candi
5743:Stupa
5675:Logic
5428:Italy
5327:Tibet
5265:Nepal
5235:Korea
5230:Japan
5220:India
5215:China
5160:Sutra
5115:Texts
5065:Dōgen
5055:Hōnen
5040:Atiśa
5005:Zhiyi
4915:Achar
4883:Tulku
4878:Geshe
4863:Rōshi
4848:Ajahn
4803:Arhat
4763:Bodhi
4733:Vīrya
4650:Sacca
4645:Satya
4640:Sādhu
4628:Music
4571:Merit
4564:Terma
4524:Zazen
4460:Faith
4413:Mettā
4094:Karma
4054:Bardo
4021:Asita
4011:Khema
4001:Upāli
3986:Nanda
3824:(son)
3798:Māyā
3775:Films
3652:Index
3327:(PDF)
3306:(PDF)
3289:S2CID
3223:[
3164:(PDF)
3147:(PDF)
3077:[
3063:S2CID
3031:(PDF)
3010:(PDF)
2889:(PDF)
2868:(PDF)
2824:(PDF)
2809:(PDF)
2803:[
2729:(PDF)
2718:(PDF)
2712:[
2673:S2CID
2551:[
2536:[
2525:(PDF)
2518:(PDF)
2495:(2),
2179:(PDF)
2168:(PDF)
928:left.
840:Notes
681:with
676:Death
449:vassa
379:]
294:mills
205:Abbot
176:Order
6075:Pāḷi
6060:Māra
5970:Flag
5371:Iran
5295:Tuva
5240:Laos
4868:Lama
4716:Śīla
4684:Śīla
4672:Pīti
4662:Sati
4613:Puja
4534:Koan
4440:Dāna
4031:Yasa
3918:Tārā
3335:2018
3314:ISBN
3259:ISBN
3247:2021
3229:ISBN
3208:2021
3190:ISBN
3172:2017
3127:ISBN
3115:2021
3097:ISBN
3039:2017
3018:ISBN
2997:2016
2967:2021
2949:ISBN
2935:2018
2897:2017
2876:ISBN
2854:help
2832:2017
2773:2021
2755:ISBN
2737:2017
2694:ISBN
2649:2018
2615:2020
2589:2016
2576:ISBN
2505:2018
2439:2020
2407:2016
2313:2016
2226:See
2187:2016
2141:See
2052:See
1992:See
1577:See
1433:2016
1278:and
1270:See
1252:ISBN
882:Pali
830:ISBN
820:ISBN
705:baht
661:Pali
644:Thai
621:The
560:Thai
524:died
485:Self
398:Thai
332:monk
328:phra
201:Post
91:Died
59:Born
5797:Art
5733:Wat
4269:Zen
3385:on
3351:by
3281:doi
3055:doi
2919:doi
2785:Jet
2665:doi
2633:doi
346:of
302:vow
207:of
6262::
5299:ru
3312:,
3287:,
3277:17
3275:,
3237:,
3198:,
3188:,
3184:,
3157:75
3155:,
3149:,
3105:,
3061:,
3051:14
3049:,
3016:,
3012:,
2987:,
2983:,
2977:,
2957:,
2925:,
2917:,
2913:,
2874:,
2870:,
2843::
2841:}}
2837:{{
2819:,
2788:,
2782:,
2763:,
2753:,
2749:,
2724:,
2671:,
2661:40
2659:,
2639:,
2631:,
2605:,
2493:23
2491:,
2303:.
2299:.
2195:^
2170:.
2056:.
2010:;
1865:^
1826:^
1652:^
1590:^
1460:^
1441:^
1274:,
1234:^
1219:^
1204:^
1103:^
1062:^
1047:^
1032:^
999:^
984:^
953:^
884::
663::
646::
562::
503:in
499:as
404:,
400::
377:th
366:,
362:,
334:,
280:,
5301:)
5297:(
4515:)
4511:(
3606:e
3599:t
3592:v
3425:e
3418:t
3411:v
3283::
3057::
2921::
2856:)
2852:(
2790:8
2667::
2635::
2441:.
2409:.
2315:.
2286:.
2274:.
2189:.
1935:.
1544:.
1435:.
1368:.
1260:.
1115:.
1098:.
1086:.
1057:.
1027:.
918:.
658:(
642:(
396:(
77:)
73:(
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