189:, and recent history rigid endoscopy of the large bowel in the past five days and recent history of flexible endoscopy in the past 24 hours. This is because, rigid endoscopy tends to use larger biopsy forceps to take tissue samples from the bowel wall while flexible endoscopy uses small biopsy forceps to take superficial samples. For those with incomplete bowel preparation, the subject can return the next day or the day after next to repeat the procedure. If barium meal was performed recently, then it is advised to wait for another seven to ten days before repeating the procedure. Some frail subject may not be suitable for barium meal.
25:
347:
is to view the caecum, ascending colon, right hepatic flexure and sigmoid colon without overlapping of other bowels. Left anterior oblique (LAO) position is to view the splenic flexure without overlapping of other bowels. Left posterior oblique (LPO) position is to view the sigmoid colon without overlapping of other bowels. Hampton's view (prone caudal view) of rectosigmoid colon is taken when the subject is in prone position with the X-ray tube tilted towards the feet at 30 degrees. This is to separate out the loops of sigmoid colon.
91:
260:
2380:
181:(also known as CT colonography) is another preferred investigation, provided that facilities and expertise are available. Virtual colonoscopy also avoids the risk of total blockage of any stricture in the large bowel due to barium impaction. Some conditions are absolutely contraindicated for barium enema namely:
377:
are now the tests of choice for the initial evaluation of abdominal masses, and colonoscopies are becoming the standard for routine colon screening for those over age 50 or with a familial history of polyps or colon cancer, although it is not uncommon for a barium enema to be done after a colonoscopy
346:
Assume that the x-ray tube is moving above the table and the x-ray film is moving below the table (overcouch): The subject lying supine to give AP (anteroposterior) view of all the bowels. Left lateral view of rectum is to view the rectum from lateral position. Right anterior oblique (RAO) position
311:
screen (like a TV monitor). Air may be puffed into the colon to distend it and provide better images (often called a "double-contrast" exam). If air is used, the enema tube will be reinserted if it had been removed and a small amount of air will be introduced into the colon, and more X-ray pictures
271:
and single contrast methods. Double contrast (where air is inflated into the bowel after excess barium are drained through anus) is useful in visualising mucosal pattern. For single contrast study (whole bowel is filled up with barium without inflating any air), it is used to visualise any
358:
X-rays are monitored and regulated to provide the minimum amount of radiation exposure needed to produce the image. Most experts feel that the risk is low compared with the benefits. Pregnant women and children are more sensitive to the risks of ionizing radiation.
287:
This test may be done in a hospital or clinic. The individual lies on the X-ray table and a preliminary X-ray is taken. The individual is then asked to lie on their side while a well lubricated
330:) is used instead of barium. The procedure is otherwise very similar, although the images will be of poorer quality. If a perforation exists, the contrast will leak from the bowel to the
307:. A large balloon at the tip of the enema tube may be inflated to help keep the barium sulfate inside. The flow of the barium sulfate is monitored by the health care provider on an X-ray
492:
2339:
531:
272:
obstruction in the large bowel, and it is used in children where visualisation of mucosal pattern is not needed. Barium enema is also used to reduce an
1432:
192:
Barium enemas are most commonly used to check bowel health; they can help diagnose and evaluate the extent of inflammatory bowel diseases such as
110:
1203:
2054:
1738:
1164:
1868:
1880:
1229:
227:
In a healthy colon, barium should fill the colon uniformly and show normal bowel contour, patency (should be freely open), and position.
807:
567:
2208:
295:. As the enema enters the body, the individual might have the sensation that they need to have a bowel movement. The barium sulfate, a
1480:
1234:
524:
2316:
970:
1846:
1127:
1851:
2409:
682:
517:
1692:
731:
315:
The individual is usually asked to move to different positions and the table is slightly tipped to get different views.
2244:
2123:
1863:
1772:
1169:
273:
213:
2414:
1702:
1427:
1422:
466:
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68:
46:
39:
1687:
1682:
1565:
1767:
1750:
960:
2128:
1975:
1875:
1858:
667:
618:
2071:
2254:
2108:
1707:
1574:
1473:
793:
641:
387:
162:
509:
2365:
2299:
2231:
2221:
2199:
1970:
1938:
1569:
1315:
1034:
861:
738:
558:
268:
2029:
1997:
1980:
1224:
1059:
603:
2103:
1838:
1578:
1132:
1054:
922:
781:
2344:
2012:
2002:
1320:
1110:
1024:
932:
851:
623:
613:
277:
240:
2383:
2334:
2113:
1992:
1965:
1726:
1511:
1466:
1414:
1269:
927:
608:
550:
221:
220:
or twisted loop of the bowel may also be seen. If the picture is normal a functional cause such as
186:
33:
2282:
2118:
2059:
2044:
1933:
1755:
1731:
1363:
1279:
904:
662:
2153:
2022:
1953:
1760:
1393:
1208:
672:
541:
245:
50:
504:
456:
2017:
1948:
1814:
1697:
1616:
1523:
1368:
1298:
1154:
748:
709:
2419:
2360:
2049:
1987:
1809:
1437:
965:
8:
2306:
2184:
2007:
1743:
1340:
1264:
1159:
1064:
1039:
955:
950:
894:
689:
216:
can be found (and in certain cases the test itself can treat intussusception). An acute
178:
143:
2294:
2143:
2138:
2039:
1922:
1777:
1528:
834:
677:
281:
197:
193:
2133:
2098:
2093:
2034:
1782:
1631:
1400:
1284:
1246:
1092:
1002:
824:
716:
657:
462:
435:
331:
319:
177:
is the investigation of choice because tissue sample can be taken for investigation.
105:
1960:
1819:
1591:
1543:
1404:
1241:
647:
201:
498:
2404:
2169:
1621:
1587:
1560:
1555:
1489:
1442:
1219:
1215:
1198:
1193:
980:
876:
866:
841:
829:
816:
768:
304:
182:
127:
123:
276:
where this disorder is more commonly found in children. 500 ml of
Polibar 150% (
2311:
1447:
1274:
1137:
1082:
788:
758:
652:
593:
576:
209:
139:
2398:
1943:
1912:
1900:
1895:
1653:
1548:
1358:
1087:
1017:
753:
588:
539:
323:
300:
161:
usually refers to a lower gastrointestinal series, although enteroclysis (an
122:
is a medical procedure used to examine and diagnose problems with the human
2326:
2179:
2174:
2081:
1905:
1890:
1824:
1335:
1149:
1044:
1029:
884:
296:
217:
90:
2249:
1804:
1636:
1626:
1606:
1596:
1538:
1533:
1502:
1325:
1181:
1144:
1012:
1007:
992:
856:
743:
726:
704:
694:
598:
327:
308:
205:
174:
131:
259:
1885:
1648:
1643:
1611:
1388:
1330:
1307:
1074:
942:
721:
699:
374:
335:
280:) is used to perform this study. Subject should be fasted and Picolax (
212:(small pouches formed on the colon wall that can become inflamed) and
2212:
2148:
1601:
1185:
988:
899:
889:
846:
776:
580:
334:; water-soluble material is less obscuring compared to barium should
284:) is taken orally to empty the bowels before barium enema procedure.
2235:
1256:
997:
1458:
2264:
1667:
633:
370:
235:
263:
A barium enema in a disposable bag manufactured for that purpose
2259:
1350:
914:
501:- The radiology information resource for patients: Barium Enema
292:
151:
96:
2286:
1497:
1119:
288:
230:
Additional conditions under which the test may be performed:
147:
135:
204:
can be seen, though not removed during the exam like with a
455:
Elizabeth, MU; Campling, Jo; Royle, AJ (9 November 2013).
432:
Chapman and
Nakielny's Guide to Radiological Procedures
454:
16:
Radiographs used to examine abnormalities of the colon
350:Other views include right and left decubitus views
95:Radiograph of a barium enema displaying a colonic
2396:
425:
423:
208:—they may be cancerous. Other problems such as
421:
419:
417:
415:
413:
411:
409:
407:
405:
403:
165:) is often called a small bowel barium enema.
1474:
1165:Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
566:
525:
267:Barium enema can be done in two ways, namely
458:Radiographic Techniques and Image Evaluation
362:A more serious risk is a bowel perforation.
429:
400:
1481:
1467:
815:
532:
518:
89:
1306:
365:
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
2317:Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging
971:Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization
258:
32:This article includes a list of general
1128:Artificial extracorporeal liver support
173:For any suspected large bowel disease,
2397:
1462:
513:
341:
338:to remove the contrast be necessary.
683:Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
303:, flows through the rectum into the
18:
1488:
732:Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
540:Tests and procedures involving the
13:
2124:Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy
1170:Distal splenorenal shunt procedure
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
2431:
486:
2379:
2378:
493:Duplicated Colon on Barium Enema
23:
1881:Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
961:Lateral internal sphincterotomy
495:- MedPix Medical Image Database
2129:Radioactive iodine uptake test
668:Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
619:Functional Lumen Imaging Probe
461:. Springer. pp. 306–307.
448:
1:
2109:Radionuclide ventriculography
1583:Lower gastrointestinal series
1575:Upper gastrointestinal series
1050:Lower gastrointestinal series
794:Upper gastrointestinal series
393:
388:Upper gastrointestinal series
163:upper gastrointestinal series
120:lower gastrointestinal series
84:Lower gastrointestinal series
2300:Optical coherence tomography
2222:Myocardial perfusion imaging
1810:Dental panoramic radiography
1316:Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
1035:Double-contrast barium enema
862:Partial ileal bypass surgery
739:Esophagogastric dissociation
434:. Elsevier. pp. 60–63.
254:
7:
2410:Diagnostic gastroenterology
1133:Bioartificial liver devices
1060:Transrectal ultrasonography
381:
10:
2436:
2104:Ventilation/perfusion scan
1579:Small-bowel follow-through
1055:Small-bowel follow-through
923:Abdominoperineal resection
782:Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
430:Watson N, Jones H (2018).
299:(shows as white on X-ray)
291:tube is inserted into the
250:intussusception (children)
168:
138:pictures) are taken while
2374:
2353:
2345:Dynamic angiothermography
2325:
2281:
2230:
2207:
2197:
2162:
2089:
2079:
2070:
2013:Abdominal ultrasonography
1921:
1837:
1797:
1716:
1675:
1666:
1519:
1510:
1496:
1415:Clinical prediction rules
1413:
1381:
1349:
1321:Intraperitoneal injection
1297:
1255:
1180:
1118:
1109:
1073:
1025:Abdominal ultrasonography
979:
941:
933:Total mesorectal excision
913:
875:
852:Intestine transplantation
806:
767:
642:Sengstaken–Blakemore tube
632:
624:High resolution manometry
614:Esophageal motility study
575:
557:
548:
505:NIH page on barium enemas
278:barium sulfate suspension
224:(IBS) may be considered.
146:, fills the colon via an
104:
88:
83:
2415:Digestive system imaging
2335:Non-contact thermography
2114:Radionuclide angiography
1966:Doppler echocardiography
1270:Pancreas transplantation
928:Lower anterior resection
609:Esophageal pH monitoring
551:Digestive system surgery
378:for further evaluation.
353:
318:If there is a suspected
222:irritable bowel syndrome
187:pseudomembranous colitis
2119:Radioisotope renography
1364:Inguinal hernia surgery
1280:Pancreaticoduodenectomy
663:Adjustable gastric band
604:Impedance–pH monitoring
53:more precise citations.
2154:Gastric emptying study
1394:Exploratory laparotomy
1209:Hepatoportoenterostomy
673:Gastric bypass surgery
542:human digestive system
366:Special considerations
264:
246:intestinal obstruction
241:Hirschsprung's disease
1815:X-ray motion analysis
1698:X-ray microtomography
1617:Hysterosalpingography
1524:Pneumoencephalography
1369:Femoral hernia repair
1155:Liver transplantation
749:Nissen fundoplication
336:an abdominal incision
262:
2340:Contact thermography
2050:Emergency ultrasound
1988:Transcranial Doppler
1739:Abdominal and pelvis
966:Rubber band ligation
905:Hartmann's operation
234:CMV gastroenteritis/
2307:Confocal microscopy
2185:Indium-111 WBC scan
2008:Echoencephalography
1744:Virtual colonoscopy
1341:Peritoneal dialysis
1160:Portal hypertension
1065:Virtual colonoscopy
1040:Endoanal ultrasound
956:Anorectal manometry
951:Anal sphincterotomy
895:Colonic polypectomy
690:Collis gastroplasty
179:Virtual colonoscopy
144:radiocontrast agent
2295:Optical tomography
2144:Dacryoscintigraphy
2139:Immunoscintigraphy
1778:Whole body imaging
1529:Dental radiography
835:Jejunoileal bypass
678:Sleeve gastrectomy
342:Radiographic views
322:, a water-soluble
282:sodium picosulfate
265:
194:ulcerative colitis
2392:
2391:
2354:Target conditions
2277:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2193:
2192:
2134:Bone scintigraphy
2099:Scintimammography
2094:Cholescintigraphy
1939:contrast-enhanced
1833:
1832:
1793:
1792:
1783:Full-body CT scan
1683:General operation
1662:
1661:
1632:Angiocardiography
1456:
1455:
1401:Rapid urease test
1377:
1376:
1293:
1292:
1285:Puestow procedure
1247:Cholescintigraphy
1105:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1093:Stool guaiac test
1003:Capsule endoscopy
825:Bariatric surgery
802:
801:
717:Gastroenterostomy
658:Bariatric surgery
332:peritoneal cavity
320:bowel perforation
116:
115:
79:
78:
71:
2427:
2382:
2381:
2205:
2204:
2087:
2086:
2077:
2076:
1961:Echocardiography
1820:Hounsfield scale
1673:
1672:
1592:Cholecystography
1517:
1516:
1508:
1507:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1460:
1459:
1438:Child–Pugh score
1405:Urea breath test
1304:
1303:
1265:Frey's procedure
1242:Cholecystography
1116:
1115:
813:
812:
648:Nasogastric tube
573:
572:
564:
563:
534:
527:
520:
511:
510:
480:
479:
477:
475:
452:
446:
445:
427:
93:
81:
80:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2370:
2349:
2321:
2269:
2255:PET mammography
2226:
2189:
2175:Gallium-67 scan
2170:Octreotide scan
2158:
2066:
1917:
1829:
1789:
1712:
1693:High-resolution
1658:
1622:Skeletal survey
1588:Cholangiography
1501:
1492:
1490:Medical imaging
1487:
1457:
1452:
1443:Ranson criteria
1409:
1373:
1345:
1289:
1251:
1220:Cholangiography
1216:Medical imaging
1199:Cholecystostomy
1194:Cholecystectomy
1176:
1097:
1069:
981:Medical imaging
975:
937:
909:
871:
867:Strictureplasty
842:Bowel resection
830:Duodenal switch
798:
769:Medical imaging
763:
628:
559:Digestive tract
553:
544:
538:
489:
484:
483:
473:
471:
469:
453:
449:
442:
428:
401:
396:
384:
368:
356:
344:
301:contrast medium
274:intussusception
269:double contrast
257:
214:intussusception
198:Crohn's disease
183:toxic megacolon
171:
128:large intestine
100:
75:
64:
58:
55:
45:Please help to
44:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2433:
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2323:
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2320:
2319:
2314:
2312:Endomicroscopy
2309:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2291:
2289:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2274:
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2270:
2268:
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2218:
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2136:
2131:
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2106:
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2062:
2057:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2026:
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2020:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
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1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1958:
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1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1927:
1925:
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1910:
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1903:
1898:
1888:
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1878:
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1855:
1854:
1843:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1831:
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1828:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1801:
1799:
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1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
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1785:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1748:
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1746:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1679:
1677:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1585:
1572:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1505:
1494:
1493:
1486:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1463:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1448:Milan criteria
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1419:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1355:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1312:
1310:
1301:
1299:Abdominopelvic
1295:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1275:Pancreatectomy
1272:
1267:
1261:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1138:Liver dialysis
1135:
1124:
1122:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1083:Fecal fat test
1079:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
985:
983:
977:
976:
974:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
947:
945:
939:
938:
936:
935:
930:
925:
919:
917:
911:
910:
908:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
881:
879:
873:
872:
870:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
838:
837:
832:
821:
819:
810:
808:Lower GI tract
804:
803:
800:
799:
797:
796:
791:
789:Barium swallow
786:
785:
784:
773:
771:
765:
764:
762:
761:
759:Schilling test
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
735:
734:
724:
719:
714:
713:
712:
707:
702:
692:
687:
686:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
655:
653:Gastric lavage
650:
645:
638:
636:
630:
629:
627:
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21:
20:
2361:Acute stroke
2327:Thermography
2082:scintigraphy
2072:Radionuclide
2060:pre-hospital
1906:Tractography
1825:Radiodensity
1727:calcium scan
1688:Quantitative
1582:
1336:Paracentesis
1150:Liver biopsy
1049:
1045:Enteroclysis
1030:Defecography
885:Appendectomy
472:. Retrieved
457:
450:
431:
369:
361:
357:
349:
345:
317:
314:
286:
266:
229:
226:
218:appendicitis
191:
172:
159:barium enema
158:
156:
150:through the
119:
117:
65:
56:
37:
2420:Fluoroscopy
2250:Cardiac PET
2023:renal tract
1998:Gynecologic
1930:Techniques
1901:restriction
1876:Angiography
1859:Neurography
1805:Fluoroscopy
1751:Angiography
1732:angiography
1676:Techniques:
1637:Aortography
1627:Angiography
1607:Cystography
1597:Mammography
1539:Myelography
1534:Sialography
1503:radiography
1326:Laparoscopy
1182:Gallbladder
1145:Hepatectomy
1075:Stool tests
1013:Proctoscopy
1008:Enteroscopy
993:Colonoscopy
877:Large bowel
857:Jejunostomy
817:Small bowel
744:Hill repair
727:Gastrostomy
705:Billroth II
695:Gastrectomy
599:Sialography
474:27 November
375:ultrasounds
328:diatrizoate
312:are taken.
309:fluoroscope
206:colonoscopy
175:colonoscopy
132:Radiographs
51:introducing
2399:Categories
2163:Full body:
1949:endoscopic
1923:Ultrasound
1852:functional
1649:Lymphogram
1644:Venography
1612:Arthrogram
1389:Laparotomy
1331:Omentopexy
1308:Peritoneum
943:Anal canal
722:Gastropexy
700:Billroth I
394:References
297:radiodense
97:herniation
34:references
2366:Pregnancy
2245:Brain PET
2213:gamma ray
2149:DMSA scan
2003:Obstetric
1896:diffusion
1891:Sequences
1869:perfusion
1761:Pulmonary
1708:Cone beam
1602:Pyelogram
1186:bile duct
1111:Accessory
989:Endoscopy
900:Colostomy
890:Colectomy
847:Ileostomy
777:Endoscopy
710:Roux-en-Y
581:Esophagus
326:(such as
255:Procedure
157:The term
2384:Category
2236:positron
1756:Coronary
1257:Pancreas
998:Anoscopy
382:See also
371:CT scans
106:ICD-9-CM
2283:Optical
2265:PET-MRI
2045:Carotid
2040:Scrotal
1934:doppler
1864:Cardiac
1773:Thyroid
1717:Targets
1668:CT scan
634:Stomach
236:colitis
169:Purpose
126:of the
47:improve
2405:Barium
2260:PET-CT
2035:Breast
2030:Rectal
1954:duplex
1886:Breast
1723:Heart
1351:Hernia
915:Rectum
465:
438:
293:rectum
202:Polyps
152:rectum
36:, but
2287:Laser
2209:SPECT
2018:renal
1847:Brain
1798:Other
1498:X-ray
1433:UKELD
1382:Other
1120:Liver
354:Risks
305:colon
289:enema
148:enema
136:X-ray
124:colon
111:87.64
2055:FAST
1768:Head
1428:PELD
1423:MELD
1230:MRCP
1204:ERCP
476:2021
463:ISBN
436:ISBN
373:and
196:and
142:, a
2232:PET
2200:ECT
2198:3D/
2080:2D/
1981:ICE
1976:TEE
1971:TTE
1839:MRI
1570:DXR
1566:DXA
1561:KUB
1556:AXR
1544:CXR
1235:PTC
577:SGs
200:.
2401::
2238:):
2215:):
1944:3D
1512:2D
1403:/
1225:IV
1218::
1184:,
991::
579:/
402:^
185:,
154:.
130:.
118:A
2285:/
2234:(
2211:(
1590:/
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1500:/
1482:e
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1468:v
644:)
533:e
526:t
519:v
478:.
444:.
134:(
99:.
72:)
66:(
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57:(
43:.
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