107:
205:: ethnic communities were categorised as being either martial or non-martial, with the latter being those who were thought to be unfit to serve in armies due to their sedentary lifestyles. The community was also one of several peasant peoples who benefitted from the development of the
525:
495:
621:
In the Punjab in the sub-mountainous region the community came to be known as 'Saini'. It maintained its Rajput character despite migration. In other parts, it came to be called by the name of "Kshatriya-Mali" (Rajput
556:
435:
184:
The Sainis of
Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur districts claim to be the descendants of kings of the Yaduvanshi or Surasena lineage who ruled these kingdoms, who came to these areas to avoid forced conversion to Islam.
465:
517:
201:
During the
British period Sainis were classified as both a statutory agricultural tribe and, later, a martial race. The latter was an administrative device based on the now-discredited theories of
487:
108:
883:
Saini jagata utapati ate wikasa / Surajita Singha Nanua, pp 108, 109, pp 111, Patiala : Manajota
Prakashana, ਪਟਿਆਲਾ : ਮਨਜੋਤ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ਨ, 2008, DK Agencies DKPAN-5413 ( HBD )
946:
548:
427:
457:
262:, "The Saini are endogamous community and observe exogamy at village and gotra level." Remarriage after the death of a spouse is permitted nowadays, as is divorce.
589:"Surasena refers to an ancient region named after a Jadu raja who is believed to have lived before Krishna. Bayana (near Mathura) from where the Jadus ruled ..."
939:
838:
A Comprehensive
History of India : The Delhi Sultanat, A.D. 1206–1526, pp 318, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta Sastri, Indian History Congress, 1957
847:
Agrarian Scene in
British Punjab, pp 71, By Hari Singh, Published by People's Pub. House, 1983, Item notes: v.2, Original from the University of Michigan
578:"The members of Saini community are employed in business and white-collar jobs and as teachers, administrators, lawyers, doctors and defence personnel."
817:
People of India, National Series Volume VI, India's
Communities N-Z, p 3090, KS Singh, Anthropological Survey of India, Oxford University Press, 1998
580:
People of India, National Series Volume VI, India's
Communities N-Z, p 3091, KS Singh, Anthropological Survey of India, Oxford University Press, 1998
932:
894:
1929:
17:
748:
167:, Sainis had been chiefly engaged in both agriculture and military service. Since the independence of India, they have diversified into
1349:
193:
Gahlot and
Banshidhar indicate some commonality in origin with Rajput Malis of Rajputana, who also claim to be of Rajput descent.
2271:
1884:
391:
30:
This article is about the Saini community of Punjab. For the Mali community who were not recorded as Saini prior to 1937, see
1092:
742:
715:
645:
796:
250:. Over the time, these communities have come together and started inter-marrying among themselves for caste consolidation.
85:
827:
661:
Rand, Gavin (March 2006). "Martial Races and
Imperial Subjects: Violence and Governance in Colonial India 1857–1914".
2276:
874:
History of Hisar: From
Inception to Independence, 1935–1947, pp 312, M. M. Juneja, Published by Modern Book Co., 1989
614:
769:
History of Hisar: From Inception to Independence, 1935–1947, p 312, M. M. Juneja, Published by Modern Book Co., 1989
214:
259:
790:
302:
924:
1877:
321:
368:
1186:
2179:
334:
279:
164:
2266:
2002:
2261:
1870:
46:
42:
635:
2007:
1924:
1727:
732:
206:
518:"Rajasthan assembly polls 2018: RSS stronghold, Anta, has been electing influential leaders"
2057:
1919:
129:
125:
428:"17 Most Backward Castes May Play Kingmaker as Purvanchal Gears Up to Vote in Final Phase"
209:, through which they obtained land grants from the British authorities, especially in the
8:
2034:
1150:
168:
707:
Martial Races: The military, race and masculinity in British Imperial Culture, 1857-1914
686:
364:
298:
828:
https://m.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/when-the-will-became-a-weapon-572352
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1224:
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670:
549:"Shubha Mudgal: Commission starts hearing on inclusion of OBCs from Madhya Pradesh"
347:
315:
247:
243:
81:
402:
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1732:
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1354:
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35:
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1369:
1299:
1289:
1259:
149:
137:
121:
674:
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1979:
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1906:
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1816:
1483:
1168:
1130:
682:
372:
210:
133:
73:
2205:
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1841:
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1503:
1405:
1125:
1006:
959:
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954:
292:
156:
2195:
2169:
1949:
1914:
1752:
1712:
1304:
1140:
1054:
1049:
1011:
160:
856:
Pratap Singh, Giani, Gurdwara Sudhar arthat Akali. Lahir. Amritsar, 1975
2139:
2044:
1329:
1206:
1059:
1031:
89:
31:
2230:
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2108:
2098:
1997:
1944:
1659:
1578:
1498:
1234:
1100:
832:
295:(Rajput General- died in Ranthambore also known as Rana Gurdan Saini)
145:
591:
Against History, Against State: Counterperspectives from the Margins
458:"Saini, Swarnkar/Sunar communities to be backward classes in Punjab"
2164:
2149:
2144:
1987:
1939:
1811:
1679:
1669:
1538:
1528:
1518:
1473:
1418:
1364:
1309:
1249:
1145:
967:
488:"Haryana government adds Kushwaha, Keori, Maurya castes to BC list"
351:
239:
782:
Awareness in Weaker Section: Perspective Development and Prospects
2235:
2134:
1780:
1664:
1508:
1453:
1413:
1284:
1160:
1110:
1064:
975:
865:
Surjit Singh Nanua, Saini Jagat (Utpati Ate Vikas), Patiala, 2008
338:
222:
141:
77:
2215:
2210:
2184:
2174:
2159:
2093:
2027:
2022:
2017:
1934:
1897:
1846:
1831:
1826:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1722:
1707:
1699:
1631:
1616:
1588:
1573:
1563:
1553:
1543:
1513:
1493:
1478:
1468:
1463:
1448:
1443:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1397:
1387:
1379:
1319:
1314:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1229:
1214:
1196:
1178:
1135:
1120:
1115:
1105:
1001:
983:
344:
2225:
2103:
1992:
1821:
1806:
1801:
1785:
1717:
1641:
1636:
1603:
1598:
1583:
1533:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1324:
1219:
1191:
1021:
993:
963:
914:
235:
117:
93:
126:
representation in government jobs and educational institutes
34:. For the communities in North India using the surname, see
1893:
1757:
1674:
1458:
1359:
1254:
1044:
919:
593:, p 54, Shail Mayaram, published by Permanent Black, 2004
301:(Ghadar movement, died - hanged on March 16, 1917 after
155:
As both a statutory agricultural tribe and a designated
895:"Sumedh Singh Saini | A former top cop on the run"
737:. Princeton University Press. pp. 51, 56, 64, 73.
826:
Subedar Joginder Singh Saini Parmvir chakar winners
286:
309:
2248:
583:
226:, or revenue-collectors, in various districts.
1892:
763:
1878:
940:
710:. Manchester University Press. p. 241.
627:
603:Gahlot, Sukhvir Singh; Dhar, Banshi (1989).
234:Castes similar to Sainis in north India are
220:Some Saini landlords were also appointed as
640:. Orient Blackswan. pp. 99, 105, 205.
596:
1885:
1871:
947:
933:
785:. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 37.
602:
229:
868:
892:
637:The Indian army and the making of Punjab
633:
392:"CENTRAL LIST OF OTHER BACKWARD CLASSES"
328:
734:The Punjab Under Imperialism, 1885-1947
703:
14:
2249:
697:
1866:
928:
893:Vasudeva, Vikas (12 September 2020).
778:
751:from the original on 21 February 2023
528:from the original on 30 December 2019
498:from the original on 13 December 2020
799:from the original on 2 February 2023
660:
654:
730:
24:
559:from the original on 12 March 2020
350:(Sikh army General and well Known
213:following the introduction of the
25:
2288:
908:
546:
468:from the original on 17 June 2018
399:CHANDIGARH ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
268:
438:from the original on 20 May 2019
287:Indian National Freedom Movement
215:Punjab Land Alienation Act, 1900
886:
877:
859:
850:
841:
820:
811:
772:
724:
310:Religious and political leaders
273:
260:Anthropological Survey of India
2272:Social groups of Punjab, India
609:. Jain Brothers. p. 108.
606:Castes and Tribes of Rajasthan
571:
540:
510:
480:
450:
420:
384:
196:
13:
1:
378:
779:Patel, Mahendra Lal (1997).
303:Lahore Conspiracy Case trial
179:
18:List of Notable Saini people
7:
634:Mazumder, Rajit K. (2003).
547:N, TN (11 September 2014).
322:Jathedar Sadhu Singh Bhaura
253:
188:
10:
2293:
663:European Review of History
369:Director general of police
174:
40:
29:
2127:
2076:
2043:
1978:
1905:
1794:
1771:
1698:
1650:
1396:
1378:
1205:
1177:
1159:
1091:
1073:
1030:
992:
974:
704:Streets, Heather (2004).
675:10.1080/13507480600586726
358:
124:. The community is given
69:
61:
56:
2277:Social groups of Haryana
335:Chaudhari Nand Ram Saini
169:white-collar professions
165:Indian Rebellion of 1857
41:Not to be confused with
230:Post Independence India
132:(OBC) in the states of
669:(1). Routledge: 1–20.
163:era that followed the
524:. 11 September 2018.
464:. 10 September 2016.
341:from Hissar Division)
329:Civilians with titles
324:(Akal Takht Jathedar)
318:(Akali dal president)
207:Punjab Canal Colonies
731:Ali, Imran (2014) .
130:Other Backward Class
27:Caste of North India
494:. 5 November 2013.
354:in Phulkian Rayast)
86:Jammu & Kashmir
553:The Times of India
492:The Economic Times
462:The Indian Express
408:on 4 November 2019
365:Sumedh Singh Saini
299:Harnam Singh Saini
282:(Param Vir Chakra)
2244:
2243:
2128:Subdivision Clans
1860:
1859:
1187:Gurjara-Pratihara
744:978-1-40085-958-0
717:978-0-7190-6962-8
647:978-81-7824-059-6
258:According to the
203:scientific racism
99:
98:
16:(Redirected from
2284:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1864:
1863:
1093:Scheduled Castes
1040:Yaduvanshi Ahirs
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942:
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407:
401:. Archived from
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388:
348:Nanu Singh Saini
316:Labh Singh Saini
115:
114:
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111:
82:Himachal Pradesh
70:Populated states
54:
53:
21:
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1901:
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915:SainiOnline.com
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434:. 15 May 2019.
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65:Primarily India
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36:Saini (surname)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2267:Punjabi tribes
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161:British Raj
159:during the
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792:8175330295
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32:Mali caste
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2003:Chudasama
1998:Benvanshi
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1083:Khandowya
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691:144987021
683:1350-7486
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352:Jagirdar
254:Marriage
240:Kushwaha
223:zaildars
189:Academic
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2068:Parihar
2063:Solanki
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2008:Chandel
1955:Sisodia
1925:Rathore
1896:of the
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1414:Bhambri
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1111:Bazigar
1106:Balmiki
1065:Ranghar
1060:Aharwar
976:Agrawal
966:of the
339:Zaildar
175:History
142:Haryana
116:) is a
78:Haryana
62:Country
2216:Domaal
2211:Janjua
2196:Langah
2185:Panwar
2180:Nanwag
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2094:Naruka
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2018:Jadeja
2013:Jadaun
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1960:Guhila
1935:Bersal
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1900:people
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1827:Kamboj
1795:Others
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2119:Dogra
2104:Taoni
2035:Tomar
1993:Bhati
1970:Gohil
1894:Clans
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1192:Bhati
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57:Saini
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