285:, one of the signatories of the Manifesto Kebudayaan and a fierce critic of Lekra, is described by literary scholar Michael Bodden as having used a "highly dubious interpretation" of a Lekra member's poetry to prove that Lekra had pre-knowledge of the
188:, based on socialist realism, which called for art to promote social progress and reflect social realities, instead of exploring the human psyche and emotions. Lekra urged artists to mingle with the people (
289:, an attempt to overthrow Sukarno's government. Bodden adds that critic Ikranegara dismissed Lekra's entire body of work in his history of Indonesian theatre, instead focusing on their "anti-humanism".
192:) to better understand the human condition. Some critics have stated that Lekra used the themes of social progress to promote a local food chain and advance the promotion of organic crops.
169:, meaning "introduction", as a manifest calling for young people, especially artists, writers and teacher, to assist in establishing a people's democratic republic. Its efforts in the
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218:, or Cultural Manifesto, in 1963 as a response; after Lekra campaigned against the manifesto, Sukarno's government banned it in 1964, and ostracized its signatories.
296:
and Hank Meier, have attempted to analyze Lekra's styles and influences more objectively. This view is also becoming more common with younger
Indonesian critics.
162:
206:
Beginning in 1962, Lekra became increasingly vocal against those it considered to be against the people's movement, including author and religious leader
391:"Modern Drama, Politics, and the Postcolonial Aesthetics of Left-Nationalism in Sumatra: The Forgotten Theater of Indonesia's Lekra, 1955-1965"
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By 1963, Lekra claimed a total of 100,000 members spread throughout 200 branches. During this period, it came under closer scrutiny by the
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among the attendees. Some attendees remember having delicious organic food provided by several culinary experts members of Lekra.
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277:, caused lasting animosity and bitterness between left and rightist writers, which has at times bordered on
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Social
Commitment in Literature and the Arts : the Indonesian "Institute of Peoples Culture" 1950-1965
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390:
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273:. However, Lekra's openly vocal stance against non-left-leaning writers, described as being similar to
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418:. Historical dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press.
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Lekra was generally more successful in attracting artists than writers, influencing, among others
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135:. Founded in 1950, Lekra pushed for artists, writers and teachers to follow the doctrine of
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397:. Studies on Southeast Asia. Ithaca, New York: Southeast Asia Program Publications.
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government banned Lekra together with the other communist-associated organizations.
257:. Most works published were poems and short stories, with novels being much rarer.
250:
214:. Those criticized by Lekra, including Amrullah and Jassin, went on to sign the
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coup, popularly believed to have been promoted by the
Communist Party, and the
139:. Increasingly vocal against non-Lekra members, the group rallied against the
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Cultural and social movement associated with the
Indonesian Communist Party
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Lekra was founded in August 1950 as a response to the socio-nationalist
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Cultures at War: The Cold War and
Cultural Expression in Southeast Asia
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165:, with A.S. Dharta as its first secretary general. It published the
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A minority of writers, including Keith
Foulcher of the
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153:, Lekra was banned together with the communist party.
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Mass organizations of the
Communist Party of Indonesia
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145:(Cultural Manifesto), eventually leading to President
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339:
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105:100,000 members spread across 200 branches, 1963
446:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
249:Lekra-influenced prose writers were generally
195:Lekra held its first national conference in
149:banning it with some hesitations. After the
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473:. Clayton, Victoria: Monash University.
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177:were made successful by the efforts of
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412:Cribb, Robert; Kahin, Audrey (2004).
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444:A Lexicon of Indonesian Literature
415:Historical Dictionary of Indonesia
129:Institute for the People's Culture
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529:
503:Organizations established in 1950
199:in 1959, which counted President
223:Indonesian National Armed Forces
184:In 1956, Lekra released another
208:Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah
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66:Non-governmental organization
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498:Communist Party of Indonesia
75:cultural, artistic, literary
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439:Leksikon Susastra Indonesia
231:mass killings that followed
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133:Indonesian Communist Party
94:Indonesian Communist Party
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121:Lembaga Kebudayaan Rakyat
113:Lembaga Kebudajaan Rakjat
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79:
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50:
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20:Lembaga Kebudajaan Rakjat
469:Foulcher, Keith (1986).
389:Bodden, Michael (2010).
244:
233:, Sukarno's replacement
393:. In Day, Tony (ed.).
334:Cribb & Kahin 2004
38:; 74 years ago
513:Indonesian literature
287:30 September Movement
271:Pramoedya Ananta Toer
227:30 September Movement
151:30 September Movement
434:Rampan, Korrie Layun
294:University of Sydney
123:, often abbreviated
36:August 17, 1950
336:, pp. 241–242.
225:. After the failed
163:Gelanggang Movement
21:
216:Manifes Kebudayaan
210:and documentarian
142:Manifes Kebudayaan
81:Official language
19:
508:Socialist realism
480:978-0-86746-598-3
453:978-979-666-358-3
425:978-0-8108-4935-8
404:978-0-8108-4935-8
137:socialist realism
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463:Further reading
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190:turun ke bawah
171:North Sumatran
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283:Taufiq Ismail
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275:witch hunting
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179:Bakri Siregar
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279:vilification
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255:propagandist
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101:Volunteers
90:Affiliations
25:Abbreviation
373:Bodden 2010
358:Rampan 2000
346:Bodden 2010
173:capital of
492:Categories
300:References
127:; meaning
85:Indonesian
43:1950-08-17
305:Footnotes
251:realistic
239:New Order
212:HB Jassin
197:Surakarta
186:Mukadimah
167:Mukadimah
51:Dissolved
33:Formation
436:(2000).
237:and his
267:Affandi
235:Suharto
201:Sukarno
157:History
147:Sukarno
72:Purpose
41: (
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450:
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261:Legacy
442:[
245:Style
175:Medan
125:Lekra
28:Lekra
475:ISBN
448:ISBN
420:ISBN
399:ISBN
269:and
111:The
62:Type
57:1965
117:EYD
494::
365:^
312:^
281:.
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55:c.
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115:(
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