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flooding) upon creation and downstream flooding upon failure. Compared with catastrophic downflooding, relative slow backflooding typically presents little life hazard, but property damage can be substantial.
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was formed by a 250 m (820 ft) high landslide dam believed to be 2,200 years old. Between 1935 and 1950 the landslide was tunneled and sealed to stabilise it so it could be used for
532:. National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.
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responsible for design of artificial dams and other structures in river valleys must take into account the potential of such events leading to abrupt changes in
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Among the most destructive landslide lake outburst floods in recorded history occurred in the
Sichuan province on 10 June 1786, when the dam on the
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earthquake. On June 10, 2008, the lake started to drain via the sluice, flooding the evacuated town of
Beichuan. (52 m (171 ft) high)
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may initiate additional landslides. Those that fall into the dam reservoir may lead to further catastrophic spillages. Moreover, the resulting
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level rises. The dam failure may trigger further catastrophic processes. As the water level rapidly drops, the uncompensated groundwater
114:, often with high casualties. A common failure scenario is overflowing with subsequent dam breach and erosion by the overflow stream.
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chain in
Harghita County, Romania. The name of "Lacul Roşu" comes from the reddish alluvia deposited in the lake by the Red Creek.
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power generation. This appears to be the first example of modification of a natural landslide dam for power generation.
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of 15-16 August 1952 was partly the result of the formation and subsequent failure of a landslide dam on the
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burst, causing a flood that extended 1,400 km (870 mi) downstream and killed 100,000 people.
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Profiles of the dam reservoir and groundwater upstream (the landslide dam is not shown in the figure)
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is an example of a huge, short-lived and devastating landslide dam, (60 m (200 ft) high).
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Robert B. Jansen (1988) "Advanced Dam
Engineering for Design, Construction, and Rehabilitation",
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Flooding spreads more destruction in town below 'quake lake' - International Herald
Tribune
347:, Wales. It was first recognised by E Watson in 1962. It is probably over 10,000 years old.
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R.B. Jansen refers to
Schuster R.L. and Costa J.E., "A Perspective on Landslide Dams", in
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to alleviate the dangers of this one of 34 landslide dams created by the magnitude 8.0
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The major causes for landslide dams investigated by 1986 are landslides from excessive
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in
Pakistan was formed by a landslide in 2010. (100 m (330 ft) high)
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Amid race to drain
Chinese quake lake, emergency plans proceed_English_Xinhua
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275:. It was located in the extremely rugged terrain of Tangjiashan Mountain.
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of the valley upstream, and dam failure leads to aggradation downstream.
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Landslides: Proceedings of the First
European Conference on Landslides
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Schuster, R.L. and G. F. Wieczorek, "Landslide triggers and types" in
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393:. USGS/Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, Washington. 2003
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Because of their rather loose nature and absence of controlled
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99:) that may last for a short time, to several thousand years.
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271:, a dangerous "quake lake", was created as a result of the
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526:"Significant Earthquake Information AZERBAIJAN: GYZNDZHA"
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Chinese engineers, scientists, and soldiers were involved
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The highest known landslide dam of historic times is the
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372:. The earthquake resulted in as many as 300,000 deaths.
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to the height of 570 m (1,860 ft) to impound
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begun on 22 May 1960, after a landslide caused by the
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Natural damming of a river by some kind of landslides
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Walls for Water: Pioneer Dam Building in New Zealand
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The water impounded by a landslide dam may create a
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117:Landslide dams are responsible for two types of
145:While the dam is being filled, the surrounding
335:The largest landslide dam in Britain impounds
570:Landslide analysis, prevention and mitigation
321:in March 2014, creating a lake that blocked
461:. Palmerston North: The Dunmore Press Ltd.
51:. If the damming landslide is caused by an
391:"Natural Debris Dams and Debris-Dam Lakes"
161:to further produce landslides downstream.
524:National Geophysical Data Center (1972).
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302:'s outflow. According to the chronicler
141:Groundwater after dam failure downstream
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195:created by a landslide triggered by an
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325:and hampered rescue/recovery efforts.
59:. Some landslide dams are as high as
199:on February 18, 1911. It dammed the
157:may undercut the sides of the river
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444:American Society of Civil Engineers
306:a similar event occurred after the
61:the largest existing artificial dam
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514:2002 A.A. Balkema Publishers. p.66
350:Moklishko Ezero in North Macedonia
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360:triggered a massive landslide on
207:505 m (1,657 ft) deep.
164:After forming, the dam leads to
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337:Tal-y-llyn Lake (Llyn Mwyngil)
83:account for the remaining 9%.
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457:Offer, R.E. (Robert) (1997).
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106:, landslide dams frequently
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236:) is a barrier lake in the
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323:Washington State Route 530
55:, it may also be called a
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308:1575 Valdivia earthquake
296:Great Chilean earthquake
230:The Red Lake (Romanian:
345:Snowdonia National Park
273:2008 Sichuan earthquake
110:and lead to downstream
575:Landslide-dammed lakes
172:Construction engineers
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358:1139 Ganja earthquake
245:Gros Ventre landslide
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108:fail catastrophically
279:in the digging of a
81:causes of landslides
319:Stillaguamish River
238:Eastern Carpathians
487:2008-05-29 at the
151:hydraulic pressure
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468:978-0-86469-313-6
447:, 1986, pp. 1–20.
315:2014 Oso mudslide
211:Lake Waikaremoana
49:volcanic eruption
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341:Cadair Idris
300:Riñihue Lake
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225:Attabad Lake
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87:Consequences
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39:, such as a
25:barrier lake
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370:Lake Göygöl
362:Mount Kapaz
317:dammed the
215:New Zealand
166:aggradation
147:groundwater
77:earthquakes
41:debris flow
559:Categories
397:2008-03-16
377:References
368:, forming
330:Dadu River
262:Quake Lake
233:Lacul Roşu
205:Sarez Lake
197:earthquake
193:Tajikistan
191:in modern
57:quake lake
53:earthquake
292:Riñihuazo
37:landslide
485:Archived
298:blocked
189:Usoi Dam
182:Examples
123:upstream
119:flooding
112:flooding
104:spillway
441:by the
339:beside
285:Sichuan
29:damming
543:4 June
465:
425:
281:sluice
159:valley
67:Causes
155:flood
33:river
31:of a
545:2021
463:ISBN
423:ISBN
356:The
313:The
290:The
267:The
250:The
243:The
97:lake
75:and
534:doi
343:in
213:in
47:or
23:or
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406:^
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43:,
19:A
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95:(
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