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353:, the Liberal Party leader, who served as chairman of the "Menorah Fund Committee" spoke at the ceremony and said: "...We were lucky to have such a great artist, a Jewish artist, who fled to Britain from the evil clutches of Hitler and the atrocities committed by his executioners to millions from the Jewish people... We know that the Menorah that Elkan created is the symbol chosen so the walkers in darkness will see a great light. This Menorah is a tribute from the British Parliament to the State of Israel, a living country, with a significant part in the world. With Honesty, humility and all our power, we pray that Jerusalem, the eternal city, that stands on a high hill, will shine a light on the people of this holy land, and through it, the whole world."
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in the water under the earth" (Exodus 20:3). There was also concern that the nudity of some of the figures would anger religious groups. Proponents for accepting the gift argued that it is not designed as a ritual object, and therefore, its resemblance to the Temple
Menorah should not create any theological problems. In regards to the sculptures, it was argued, that these are reliefs and not fully three-dimensional, and therefore, the Jewish law is not broken here. What began as a gesture of good will of the British House of Lords, grew into an uncomfortable question whether Israel was even interested in the Menorah, and if so, how it could be adapted to conform with Jewish law.
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such as the size of the reliefs, or the question whether or not the characters are naked or dressed and other Jewish law considerations, they could have saved themselves a lot of time, and arrive at an adequate solution, by contacting a more serious artist than Benno Elkan." The main point of critic
Mishory brings is in the meager iconographic content in the Menorah; that Elkan did not consult with professionals or intellectuals before creating the Menorah, and that most of the represented scenes are from the Jewish people's past and not the State of Israel, which was only eight years old at the time the Menorah was gifted.
919:...On their return, they found R. Hanina b. Teradion sitting and occupying himself with the Torah, publicly gathering assemblies, and keeping a scroll of the Law in his bosom. Straightaway they took hold of him, wrapt him in the Scroll of the Law, placed bundles of branches round him and set them on fire. They then brought tufts of wool, which they had soaked in water, and placed them over his heart, so that he should not expire quickly... His disciples called out, 'Rabbi, what seest thou?' He answered them, 'The parchments are being burnt but the letters are soaring on high.
416:." 4 And I answered and spoke to the angel that spoke with me, saying: "What are these, my lord?" 5 Then the angel that spoke with me answered and said unto me: "Knowest thou not what these are?" And I said: "No, my lord." 6 Then he answered and spoke unto me, saying: "This is the word of the LORD unto Zerubbabel, saying: Not by might, nor by power, but by My spirit, saith the LORD of hosts. 7 Who art thou, O great mountain before Zerubbabel? thou shalt become a plain; and he shall bring forth the top stone with shoutings of Grace, grace, unto it."
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presentation included members of both Houses of
Parliament and representatives of the British people of divers faiths. Viscount Samuel, President; the Rt. Hon. Clement Davies, chairman; Dr. Alec Lerner, treasurer; Mr. Gilbert McAllister, secretary. The gift was made possible by the generosity of the people of Britain and received strong support from the leading banks of the United Kingdom and large industrial concerns. Many small donations, too numerous to record here, were received from British citizens.
633:, as an expression of the most recent significant thing that happened to the people of Israel. The relief depicts pioneers working on a rocky terrain, carving stones, plowing the land, building bridges, drilling wells, sowing and harvesting, planting and fortifying, laying down the foundations of the state. The placement of the event at the base of the Menorah appears to contradict the logic that the last event appear at the top of the Menorah and not the bottom, however Elkan express here the
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and Hur went up to the top of the hill. 11 And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, that Israel prevailed; and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed. 12 But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the going down of the sun. 13 And Joshua discomfited Amalek and his people with the edge of the sword.
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548:: "...and he brought me out by the Spirit of the Lord and set me in the middle of a valley; it was full of bones...I will make breath enter you, and you will come to life. I will attach tendons to you and make flesh come upon you and cover you with skin; I will put breath in you, and you will come to life. Then you will know that I am the Lord... My people, I am going to open your graves and bring you up from them; I will bring you back to the land of Israel." (
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727:, the Roman emperor, during the Great Revolt and persuaded him to allow him to save the Jewish leadership when Jerusalem falls. Rabbi Yochanan Ben Zakkai is depicted in the relief with arms spread out toward the ruins of Jerusalem, its Roman marble columns broken and shattered. He himself is protected by a strong stone arch, and with him some of the sages of Israel who survived the manslaughter, and they are on their way to
928:, the ultimate tragic figure, a man which all happiness is denied from, only because of a "bet" between God and the Devil on whether Job would continue to believe in God and to love Him despite his personal destruction. In the relief, Job is portrayed as a broken man, lying on the ground and supporting his drooping head with his hand. He is surrounded by his wife and three comrades, but, in fact, is very much alone.
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866:...a certain heathen came before Shammai and said to him, 'Make me a proselyte, on condition that you teach me the whole Torah while I stand on one foot.' Thereupon he repulsed him with the builder's cubit which was in his hand. When he went before Hillel, he said to him, 'What is hateful to you, do not to your neighbor: that is the whole Torah, while the rest is the commentary thereof; go and learn it.
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once and for all. The war against Amalek is considered a seminal event in the history of Israel because of the perception of Amalek as the ultimate enemy. In every generation, a new character, associated with Amalek arises, and thus the promise of God to "wipe out the memory of Amalek" is seen as relevant to all generations. There is also a powerful theological message which appears in the
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301:: "A man may not make a house in the form of the Temple, or an exedra in the form of the Temple hall, or a court corresponding to the Temple court, or a table corresponding to the table or a candlestick corresponding to the candlestick, but he may make one with five or six or eight lamps, but with seven he should not make, even of other metals." (Talmud Bavli, Mas. Rosh HaShana 24a-b)
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1047:. The revolt lasted three and a half years, and despite the successes that characterized its beginning, eventually it was annihilated, the rebels and Bar Kochba killed. Bar Kochba is depicted in the Menorah relief wearing armor as he is dying. Behind him a comet, which is symbolized by name - Bar Kochba. His original name was Bar Cozba, but it was replaced by his admirers (including
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363:, gave a long speech at that ceremony, and among the things said: "... With affection and gratitude, we receive the Menorah... We are excited by the handsome gift... We receive this Menorah as a gift from the Zionist Britain, who saw throughout the times various noble spirits and ideas, Britons who were the forerunners of the rebirth of Israel and encouragers..."
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Alkan chose to depict the Talmud in the form of a Jewish scholar studying a book, his thumb raised in a characteristic way of those in a sophisticated study. To his right a man is knocking on a wooden fence made of stilts, symbolizing the fences of the Torah and the barriers against assimilation, as brought in the teaching of the Great
Assembly of the wise: "
526:, kneeling on the ground sobbing, as is expressed in the biblical verse "A voice is heard in Ramah, mourning, and great weeping, Rachel weeping for her children and refusing to be comforted because they are no more... Restrain your voice from weeping and your eyes from tears, for your work will be rewarded...They will return from the land of the enemy" (
370:. In both locations, the Menorah was outdoors despite Elkan's request that it be displayed in an enclosed space with lights illuminating it from above. Elkan provided a sketch showing a dark room lit by a bright ceiling light. The light source was important for proper viewing of figures whose heads were tilted upwards, as in the scene of the
760:, surrounded by trees and birds. At his feet, a pitcher of alcoholic beverage, that Hasidim traditionally sip while gathering. Alongside the Hassid are string instruments and in the background two hasidim are seen dancing. The scene symbolizes the worship of God with joy, as is customary in the Chassidic movement, as it says in Psalms: "
184:. The gift would symbolize the admiration of the British Parliament for the new state and its government. Elkan had left Germany in 1933 after the Nazi rise to power and had become a well-known sculptor in England. He had experience working in bronze, having created ten large relief-decorated candelabra, among them two standing in the
872:(a strict figure) threw him out. Hillel chose to understand the other's request as a demand for most significant statement of the Torah of Israel, and the surprising answer is not theological, but rather a moral and social one. The relief presents a simple affair: Hillel supporting and talking to him, the latter standing on one leg.
936:" (Job 42:12-16). An additional difference between the two is in their response: Rabbi Hanina accepted the verdict without question, and did not try to precede his death to relieve his suffering, while Job and his friends are busy day and night with issues of compensation and wages, issues of eternity, faith and doubt.
681:" (Isaiah, XI, FH). In the relief Isaiah is standing, hands spread out, behind him light rays that symbolize his prophetic vision. At his feet, is the realization of his prophecy: a wolf hugging a lamb, a lion and a little calf. To the right, a child is playing with a snake, the entire relief represents an idyll.
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note that "The
Menorah in the Knesset Gardens in Jerusalem determines the placement of Elkan in line with the great Jewish artists... Elkan offers hope and confidence in people turning to the 'pioneers' relief at the base of the central branch. Faith, work, creation and building are the source of the
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in Hebrew), a fundamental book of Jewish law, which was edited and sealed 1,500 years ago. The Talmud, in contrast to the
Kabbalah, does not address, at least openly, spirituality, but rather focuses on technical matters relating to Jewish law, in order to define a clear way for the observant person.
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is a term for the spiritual and cultural blooming of the
Spanish Jews, from the 9th to the 13th century when Spain attracted Jewish immigrates. The Jewish community prospered blooming cultural and economically, and grew philosophers, poets, and important Jewish intellectuals. The Golden age of Jewish
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is represented in the relief holding a pile of sheaves, she symbolizes the foreign woman that assimilated into the people of Israel and became the founder from which the dynasty from which the kings of Judah began. In her other hand Ruth is holding a candlestick with three candles, that symbolize the
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and Hur. The uniqueness of this battle is its strange conduct: the battle was not won by the physical strength of one army over another, but rather by Moses' ability to keep his arms raised. Here also, the
Amalekites are perceived as an especially bitter enemy, such that God promises to wipe them out
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The
Menorah presents 30 reliefs of events, idioms, characters and concepts, which Elkan saw as the most important and significant in the Hebrew Bible and Jewish history. Due to the symmetrical shape of the lamp, a central spine with three branches on each side, Elkan decided not to put the reliefs in
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in London. The idea for such a
Menorah had already formed in Elkan's mind in 1947, and he had begun to create the bronze reliefs in 1949. In total he spent almost ten years on the project, much of it in research, with the intention to create a unique work which would tell the millennia-old history of
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Tour guide, Yossi Bar Asher, in his writing about the Menorah, states: "It seems that nothing (like the Menorah) illustrates in such a wonderful way the history of Israel... it is recommended that tourists that visit for the first time to see the Menorah. Their gain would be twofold: observing, even
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Opposite of Jacob is the relief of Abraham, who, unlike Jacob, submits to God completely, when he is commanded to leave his house (Genesis 12:1), to fight kings (Genesis 14), and most strongly with the sacrifice of Isaac, where he obeys God's command to sacrifice his only son. Abraham is depicted in
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Literature (also called Midrash) is entirely different, its definition is: "Everything written by the sages, that is not law" The Aggadah deals with stories and parables, that add a wide layer of interpretation to what is written in the Torah, and through that add "flavour" to the written text. The
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8 Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in Rephidim. 9 And Moses said unto Joshua: "Choose us out men, and go out, fight with Amalek; tomorrow I will stand on the top of the hill with the rod of God in my hand." 10 So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek; and Moses, Aaron,
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An additional problem was the incorporation of human and animal sculptures, which was perceived as a violation of a fundamental Jewish law and one of the precepts in the Ten Commandments: "You shall not make for yourself an idol, or any likeness of what is in heaven above or on the earth beneath or
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Lord Samuel initially had difficulty obtaining financing for the construction of a menorah, but with a joint decision Elkan began work, in the hope that funding would be obtained. At the same time, Lord Samuel and a few friends established "The Menorah Fund Committee", which operated in a number of
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harshly criticizes the Menorah, calling it "a pale and discolored assembly based on worn out echoes of Western Art masterpieces" and continues adding that "If the representatives responsible for the creation of the Menorah would have focused on the substance—the images and not the frivolous issues
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The naked Jacob in the relief appears doubtfully wrestling with the winged angel. This event in Jacobs life symbolizes his being a fighter, daring to stand up to the angel of the Lord and win. On this occasion, Jacob received the name 'Israel', symbolizing courage and standing up to strong forces.
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And Jacob was left alone, and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. And when he saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was out of joint, as he wrestled with him. And he said, Let me go, for the day breaketh.
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The wolf will live with the lamb, the leopard will lie down with the goat, the calf and the lion and the yearling together; and a little child will lead them. The cow will feed with the bear, their young will lie down together, and the lion will eat straw like the ox. The infant will play near the
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was a scholar in the second century CE, one of the ten martyrs and a particularly tragic character: His son went astray, his wife was killed by the Romans, his daughter was degraded and he was burned at the stake by Roman soldiers after being charged of studying Torah, which was against the Roman
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And Ezra the scribe stood upon a pulpit of wood, which they had made for the purpose... and Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people; (for he was above all the people;) and when he opened it, all the people stood up And Ezra blessed the LORD, the great God. And all the people answered,
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Elkan chose to quote this verse because of its clear association to the state emblem, but it is conceivable that he chose it as well because of its moral, indicating that the power of the people of Israel and God is not in physical strength, but rather in spiritual strength. This is a significant
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The common ground between Rabbi Hanina and Job is them both being the clearest expression of "righteous and he suffers" with a few significant differences: we do not know why Rabbi Hanina was imposed with all his troubles, and his ending was bitter and bad as well, in contrast to Job, where the
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The Menorah is the work of Benno Elkan. The idea of presenting the Menorah was conceived by members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland in appreciation of the establishment of a democratic parliamentary government in the State of Israel. The committee organizing the
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The common ground between Hillel and Ezra is that they are both religious leaders who have made an impact on generations to come, but while Hillel represents the Torah as a book morality, and is considered a model of kindness and tolerance, Ezra represents the Torah as a book of rules and
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would decide on the Jewish law questions. Rabbi Herzog lingered with his response, but ultimately ruled the candelabrum and relief acceptable by Jewish law. Following the ruling, and despite the concerns, the arrival of the Menorah and placement in Jerusalem did not provoke any protest.
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in Poland. The movement advocates the worship of God with joy, and emphasizes the direct connection of every Jew, even the most simple, to God, in the form of devotion and the help of the righteous. The act of any Jew in the world is perceived according to the Chassidic movement in a
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power of women in Judaism. The number of candles symbolizes the number of generations that pass between her till the birth of King David, the head of the royal family. That is the reason for the large crown on top of the candlestick. At the feet of Ruth, sits the matriarch
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The central spine contains the events which Elkan saw as most central to the history of the Jewish people. The base of the inner pair of branches is covered with a curly geometric decoration; the base of the middle branches is decorated with flowers and symbols of the
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wearing a crown, sitting in a vineyard, wrapped in grapes and holding cornucopia. Solomon was chosen to represent the Aggadah, as the Song of Songs attributed to him, is seen as an allegory of a lovesick man pining for his love, like the longing of God to His people.
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a candlestick all of gold, with a bowl upon the top of it, and its seven lamps thereon; there are seven pipes, yea, seven, to the lamps, which are upon the top thereof; 3 and two olive-trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side
952:" in a circle, a kabbalistic symbol depicting the Divine Presence captured by the physical world. To his left appear the Hebrew letters of the divine name, Yod Hey Vav Hey, YHWH, framed by a triangle, which represents the spiritual trinity: mind, spirit, and soul.
568:. The relief of the uprising describes many characters, that represent the different Jews in the ghetto: The fighters are seen with guns in their hands, or armed with axes, sticks, and knives. Alongside them appear different characters like an old Jew carrying a
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David and Bar Kochba are both considered heroes of Israel, but opposed to David who won the war, became king and founded the dynasty from which the Messiah will come from, Bar Kokhba, called by Rabbi Akiva "the Messiah King", disappointed and failed in his war.
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And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me. And he said unto him, What is thy name? And he said, Jacob. And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.
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law. In the Menorah relief, Rabbi Hanina ben Teradyon is depicted on his knees tied to a pole, wrapped in a Torah scroll across his chest and in the background. Flames are seen surrounding Rabbi Hanina, and letters are floating before him - the letter "
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represents the world of Jewish mysticism and is drenched in Torah symbolism and spirituality. The kabbalah is represented in the Menorah relief in the form of a Jew deep in thought, covered from head to toe. To his right appears the Hebrew letter
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shaped as an angel wearing a large flapping cloak, created from the four winds (in the background) that unite as one. The angel passes over skeletons and bones, that appear to be rising from the ground, in accordance to the prophecy in the
1070:. David holding aloft the severed head of Goliath, behind him his is harp on which the royal cape and crown are hung. At Davids' feet, is Goliath's dagger. David represents the triumph of the simple truth over the strength of the armor.
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pendant. The man's face is turned firmly upwards, in a position that appears praying. In the upper left corner, a warrior is seen swinging a rifle; this is a self-portrait Elkan, who survived the inferno but lost much of his family in
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Rosh Hashanah (3:8): "And is it Moshe's hands that make war or break war? Rather, tell you, whenever Israel would look upward and subjugate their hearts to their Father in heaven, they would prevail; and if not, they would fall."
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The choice of the vision of the valley of dry bones in Ezekiel as a key event in the history of the Jewish people is understandable, the prophecy describes the end of times, and the return of the entire nation to the land of Israel.
592:, which is the date closest to the outbreak of the rebellion. Elkan continues with this line when he sought to glorify the heroism of the Jewish resistance during the Holocaust, which he says is "(t)he moral justification to life".
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Messianism is seen as the traditional and passive Jewish faith, waiting for salvation by God, whereas the Ha'apala is an expression of Jewish activism, no longer waiting for miraculous salvation, but generating its own salvation.
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31:15-16) Ruth and Rachel represent independence and monarchy on one hand, and the exile and enslavement on the other. The connection between the two women reflects the history of the Jewish people, where both are interlinked.
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cobra’s den, and the young child will put its hand into the viper’s nest. They will neither harm nor destroy on all my holy mountain, for the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the Lord as the waters cover the sea.
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10:3), thus expressing the authority of Jewish law as rules, not always understood and accepted. The severe judgment with which God tried Aarons sons stands contrary to the character and ways of Aaron, as brought in the
669:. In the relief, he is shown shouting and grieving for the ruined city, and the wickedness of his people. His arms are outstretched above, one clenched in a fist, in the background are the shattered towers of Jerusalem.
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philosophy book. Next to Aristotle's book is an owl, symbolizing the " truth in the mind", while next to the "Mishneh Torah" stands a dove symbolizing the " truth of faith ". Both these two truths are the basis of the
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way, as part of the approximation of redemption or its distancing. The Chassidic movement is represented in Menorah relief as a Hasid (follower) in adherence. He is sitting in a flowering garden, his head crowned with
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Elkan placed the reliefs on the Menorah not in chronological order, but rather against one another in order of branches. In this way, each relief is tied in a matter of contrast or complement with the opposite relief.
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encapsulating the basic tenets of Jewish faith and values. Each commandment is represented on the tablets by the first two words of the full commandment. Flames rise in the background of the tablets, symbolizing the
1059:" (Numbers, 24:17.) Bar Kochba's head hangs his helmet at his feet and his dagger next to his arm. On the helmet appears a relief of a lion, as according to tradition, Bar Kochba would gallop to war atop a lion.
829:, wearing a hat of a Persian or Babylonian Minister and cloak. Nehemiah stands proudly over the restorers of Jerusalem and conducts the work, while holding the Declaration of the authorization received from
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for potential donors, distributing pamphlets, advertising and more. The committee also raised funds in accordance with Menorah content, so that any donor could contribute to a specific relief of the Menorah.
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of Judaism to the world, as a light unto the nations. Elkan placed "Hear, O Israel" in the center of the Menorah as an element which epitomizes all the other branches and the inherent ideas of the Menorah.
220:. The Arch is dated to 81 CE, and so the depiction of the Temple Menorah is considered by some to be accurate, assuming that the artist who created the relief must have seen the Menorah with his own eyes.
676:, placed on the opposite branch from Jeremiah on the Menorah, lived shortly before him. His prophecies include multiple verses of comfort and descriptions of the End of Days. One of his prophecies is: "
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The choice of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising as an expression of the entire Holocaust was very typical of Israel in the fifties and early sixties. The day chosen to commemorate the victims is called "
374:, the figure of Rabban Yochanan ben Zakai, certain objects such as the Ten Commandments and the candelabra held by Ruth, the phrase "Hear O' Israel" and the flames engulfing Hanina ben Teradyon.
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the Menorah as an old man, his long hair surrounding his shoulders, he is seated cross-legged on the ground, his hands raised to the sides, as a sign of humility and acceptance of God's order.
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is celebrated on Hanukkah. In the relief on the Menorah, the Maccabees are depicted as brave warriors in the heat of battle, waving weapons. To the left, one of them is seen swinging a hammer (
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to Jerusalem. On April 15, 1956, a ceremony was held in honor of the Menorah in Jerusalem attended by thousands of spectators. The Menorah was placed on a pedestal in Shiber Pit, a lot next to
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before the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948. The immigrants are seen sailing on a ship through the waves, expressing joy, curiosity, and confidence. One of them is covered with a
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The chassidic movement and the Golden Age of Jewish culture in Spain represent different ways of worshiping God, both geographic distribution centers of Jewish culture in their time.
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statement for a work which depicts scenes of war and bloody battles on one hand, and on the other hand figures, events or concepts that express a culture and spirituality of peace.
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1 And the angel that spoke with me returned, and waked me, as a man that is wakened out of his sleep. 2 And he said unto me: "What seest thou?" And I said: "I have seen, and behold
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is faith in the coming of the messiah, who will bring salvation at the end of days. It is depicted in the Menorah relief in the form of two people raising their hands to the built
180:, approached the Jewish artist Benno Elkan and discussed with him the idea of offering as a gift to the young Israeli state a monumental bronze sculpture in the form of a
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every Monday and Thursday, and more. In the relief, Ezra is depicted standing above the people, reading from a large scroll the laws of the Torah, such as observing the
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Objections from religious groups were a concern, owing to a belief that copies of the Temple menorah should not be made until the Temple was rebuilt. According to the
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In contrast, there are many who see in the Menorah a model and symbol of the Jewish people and history. Naftali Arbel and M. Ben-Hanan, for example, in their book,
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Literature is a vital collection of Jewish literature, collected over generations, that engage in the observance of Jewish law. The first official portfolio is the
879:, a Jewish leader who led the returners to Zion, who is known for his religious regulations which included the expulsion of foreign women, the duty of reading the
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over his chest, looking at his two sons lying dead on the ground as the fire of God eats them. Aaron reaction was silent resignation "And Aaron held his peace" (
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if succinct, at the history of Israel, and exciting pleasure from the exquisite workmanship dedicated to the artistic design of every relief in the Menorah..."
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strict chronological order, but rather opposing each other in the order of the branches, this way, each relief contrasts or complements the relief opposite it.
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These issues required external intervention to mediate between the parties, calm things down, and attempt to address these questions. The negotiators were
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appear on the Menorah in their traditional form of two rectangular tablets with rounded tops. Written on the tablets are the Ten Commandments as given at
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Jacob is portrayed in the Menorah relief fighting the angel of God, before meeting again after years with his brother Esau, as is described in Genesis "
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So the LORD blessed the latter end of Job more than his beginning...After this, Job lived 140 years and saw his sons and his grandsons, four generations
407:). These words are taken from a passage in Zacharia which mentions the Menorah and olive branches, hinting at the Knesset's choice of the State emblem:
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By 1955, the required 20 thousand pounds were gathered, and in December of that year the Menorah was transferred to Morris Singer Foundry in London.
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pioneer, holding a gun and protecting Jerusalem. The purpose of mixing these time periods is to tie together the returnees to Zion then and today.
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The common between Jacob and Abraham is both being founding fathers, loyal to God, but each represents a different approach to worshiping.
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which was written by the sages. The halacha relief in the menorah is depicted by a difficult event in the Bible, in which the sons of
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framework of the story clarifies the scenes, and eventually he is saved from death and receives many blessings and great longevity: "
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is considered one of the humblest, patient and easy going among the sages. In the Menorah relief, he is depicted by a story from the
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and the avoidance of assimilation. One of the people in the surrounding crowd reacts with a salute, as described in the Bible: "
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Both literary forms complement each other, despite their differences, and together they form the corpus of Jewish Scripture.
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Amen, Amen, with lifting up their hands: and they bowed their heads, and worshiped the LORD with their faces to the ground."
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The common between the exile and the return is the exile itself, the connection is a revised one- exile opposite of return.
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of Maimonides. Maimonides visual representation is based on a famous portrait of Maimonides. Alongside Maimonides is Rabbi
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symbolize the strong Jew who stands by force of arms in front of his enemies, whose victory in front of the decrees of
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On the base of the Menorah appear the details of the donors for example, WIZO financed the relief of Ruth and Rachel; '
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was a Jewish warrior who led the rebellion against the Romans that broke 60 years after the destruction of the second
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The central branch displays the events, characters and idioms Elkan saw as most central to the history of Israel.
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The choice of the Menorah-symbol as a gift is based on the emblem of the State of Israel, chosen by the
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are depicted in the menorah relief sitting and crying on the rivers of Babylon, as it says in Psalms "
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The common to both prophets is their work and life, the contrast in the content of their prophecies.
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The central branch presents two modern day events: the establishment of the state of Israel and the
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idea, which sees in the creation of the state of Israel the source of light for the whole Menorah.
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The Menorah arrived in March 1956 by ship to Haifa port and was then transported free of charge by
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The common to both is their victory, the contrast is their way to victory war versus dialog.
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that is 4.30 meters high and 3.5 meters wide and weighs 4 tons. It is located at the edge of
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Shuru, habiṭu u-reʼu : iḳonot u-semalim ḥazutiyim Tsiyoniyim ba-tarbut ha-Yiśreʼelit
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Be cautious in judgment. Establish many pupils. And make a safety fence around the Torah
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136:. The engravings on the six branches of the Menorah portray episodes since the Jewish
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In 1966, the Menorah was transferred to a site opposite the new Knesset building in
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on April 15, 1956, in honour of the eighth anniversary of Israeli independence.
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Aggadah Literature is depicted in the Menorah relief by in the image of
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scene in the Menorah, as one of the builders in the scene appears as a
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standing with both hands raised high (without his staff), supported by
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Chassidic movement opposite the Golden age of Jewish culture in Spain
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in the center of Jerusalem, then the seat of the Israeli parliament.
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1722:. © Erev-Rav, Verein für biblische und politische Bildung, Knesebeck
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Opposite of Kabbalah in the Menorah is the relief of the Babylonian
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Opposite of them on the Menorah are the returnees to Zion, led by
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relief, the immigration of Jews to the land of Israel during the
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Worship the Lord with gladness; come before him with joyful songs
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The Menorah – the history of the Jewish people in seven branches
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By the rivers of Babylon we sat and wept when we remembered Zion
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is a stream in Judaism, born in the mid-18th century, by Rabbi
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High Lights of Jewish History as Told By the Knesset Menorah.
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regulations, and is perceived as a hard and uncompromising.
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At the base of the Menorah, Elkan placed the relief of the
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Opposite of Hillel the Elder relief appears the relief of
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in: The Menorah Journal Volume XXXVII, Spring 1949, No 2.
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Project for a Great Menorah I., The Sculptor Benno Elkan.
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Opposite of the Messianism relief in the Menorah, is the
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culture in Spain is represented in the Menorah relief by
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prayer is considered one of the best known in the Jewish
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to the people of Rome while bearing the treasures of the
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921:" (Babylonian Talmud: Tractate ‘Abodah Zarah Folio 18a)
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Sketch by Benno Elkan prepared for the Knesset Menorah
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The Menorah at the new Knesset place in Givat Ram, 1966
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in the form of a big, muscular man, leading the ship.
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The head of the central branch depicts the war with
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120:The Knesset Menorah was modelled after the golden
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285:Unveiling ceremony of the Knesset Menorah in 1956
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1811:המנורה הגדולה, נקודות מוקד בהיסטוריה של עם ישראל
802:The exile to Babylon opposite the return to Zion
164:Benno Elkan in his studio working on the Menorah
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972:Halakhic Literature opposite Aggadah Literature
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216:after its destruction in 70 CE, including the
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261:funded the relief called "light" and more.
237:ways to raise funds: a dinner party at the
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1781:"Mishnah Rosh Hashanah 3:8 | Sefaria.org"
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768:The Golden age of Jewish culture in Spain
16:Menorah opposite the Knesset in Jerusalem
1759:. Tel Aviv: Am ʻoved. pp. 177–196.
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1861:, Israel Biblos Publishing House, 1972.
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924:The relief opposite Rabbi Hanina is of
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441:The war with the Amalekites in Rephidim
255:The Association of Jewish Ex-servicemen
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148:to the establishment of the modern
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1857:Naftali Arbel, Michael Ben Hanan:
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1714:Prof. Dr. Hannelore Künzl (1999).
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586:Yom Hazikaron laShoah ve-laG'vurah
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253:; Relief Bar Kochba was funded by
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1911:Monuments and memorials in Israel
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1694:"Arthur, Viscount Lee of Fareham"
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900:Haninah ben Teradion opposite Job
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541:Vision of the Valley of Dry Bones
535:Vision of the Valley of Dry Bones
312:, Israel's Ambassador to the UK;
168:In 1950, a year and a half after
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661:during its fall in the hands of
343:Zim Integrated Shipping Services
1936:Israel–United Kingdom relations
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359:, the presiding officer in the
232:Knesset Menorah and the Knesset
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968:" (Ethics of the Fathers 1:1)
853:Hillel the Elder opposite Ezra
86:, "Rose Garden") opposite the
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506:or Mount Sinai aflame at the
1931:Outdoor sculptures in Israel
1508:Jewish legendary literature
1078:Messianism opposite Ha'apala
386:The Menorah in Gan Hamenorah
322:Yitzhak Izaich Halevi Herzog
223:
105:who escaped from his native
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1926:Bronze sculptures in Israel
596:Listen Israel/Shema Yisrael
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259:Israel Electric Corporation
10:
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1577:The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
560:The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
316:, Speaker of the Knesset;
251:Baron Edmond de Rothschild
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1864:Kenneth Romney Towndrow:
206:Jewish revolt of 66-74 CE
1670:"Artwork in the Knesset"
1493:By the rivers of Babylon
650:Jeremiah opposite Isaiah
1401:The Golden Age in Spain
1755:Mishory, Alec (2000).
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1116:Jacob opposite Abraham
831:Artaxerxes I of Persia
566:Warsaw Ghetto uprising
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372:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
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94:. It was designed by
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1887:at Wikimedia Commons
1809:ארבל, נפתלי (1972).
1375:Haninah ben Teradion
1363:Dream of the Messiah
1351:The Ten Commandments
1187:Right Middle Branch
1146:Shuru, habiṭu u-re'u
1144:Mishory in his book
748:Israel Baal Shem Tov
629:and the founding of
489:The Ten Commandments
471:The relief portrays
453:as described in the
318:Mordechai Ish-Shalom
1813:. Tel Aviv: ביבלוס.
1696:. Westminster Abbey
1190:Right Outer Branch
1184:Right Inner Branch
1175:Left Middle Branch
1051:), who tied him to
906:Hanina ben Teradyon
721:Yochanan ben Zakkai
539:Elkan designed the
508:Giving of the Torah
247:Marks & Spencer
126:Temple in Jerusalem
37:31.7783°N 35.2051°E
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1824:Bar Asher, Yosef.
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146:return to the Land
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1308:Johanan ben Zakai
1266:Bar Kokhba revolt
1248:The war with the
1154:The Great Menorah
1041:Shimon Bar Kochba
892:(Nehemiah 8:4-6)
808:exiles to Babylon
764:." (Psalm 100:2)
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401:Book of Zechariah
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1322:and his friends
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858:Hillel the Elder
610:people of Israel
495:Ten Commandments
466:— Exodus 17:8–14
397:tribes of Israel
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122:candelabrum
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40: /
1895:Categories
1790:2015-11-05
1766:9651314419
1726:2014-11-18
1700:2014-11-18
1679:2015-11-03
1656:References
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1083:Messianism
789:philosophy
773:Maimonides
714:King David
665:, king of
614:monotheism
550:Ezekiel 37
28:35°12′18″E
25:31°46′42″N
1593:Zechariah
1560:Zechariah
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1106:community
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1238:'s head
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528:Jeremiah
451:Rephidim
329:Location
103:sculptor
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1427:Abraham
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913:" and "
885:Sabbath
820:Babylon
706:makevet
667:Babylon
635:Zionist
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414:thereof
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210:triumph
182:menorah
156:History
109:to the
107:Germany
88:Knesset
76:menorah
71:) is a
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1102:tallit
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1562:4,6b
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473:Moses
138:exile
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