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1103:, who stayed at the building in order to deliver the text, had forgotten to arrange transport for himself. Ultimately, he had to flag down a passing car and ask the driver (who was driving a borrowed car without a licence) to take him to the ceremony. Sherf's request was initially refused but he managed to persuade the driver to take him. The car was stopped by a policeman for speeding while driving across the city though a ticket was not issued after it was explained that he was delaying the declaration of independence. Sherf arrived at the museum at 15:59.
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814:, it was opposed by Ben-Gurion and Zisling, with Ben-Gurion stating, "We accepted the UN Resolution, but the Arabs did not. They are preparing to make war on us. If we defeat them and capture western Galilee or territory on both sides of the road to Jerusalem, these areas will become part of the state. Why should we obligate ourselves to accept boundaries that in any case the Arabs don't accept?" The inclusion of the designation of borders in the text was dropped after the provisional government of Israel, the
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975:). Two assumptions were made: "That an Arab state was about to be established alongside the Jewish one in keeping with the UN's partition resolution the year before, and that the Jewish state would include a large Arab minority whose feelings needed to be taken into account". In the end, the officials rejected the name Palestine because they thought that would be the name of the new Arab state and could cause confusion so they opted for the most straightforward option of Israel.
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1084:(today known as Independence Hall) but was not widely publicised as it was feared that the British Authorities might attempt to prevent it or that the Arab armies might invade earlier than expected. An invitation was sent out by messenger on the morning of 14 May telling recipients to arrive at 15:30 and to keep the event a secret. The event started at 16:00 (a time chosen so as not to breach the
1200:, a journalist, was called up to sign, Ben-Gurion instructed him to sign under the name Herzl Vardi, his pen name, as he wanted more Hebrew names on the document. Although Rosenblum acquiesced to Ben-Gurion's request and legally changed his name to Vardi, he later admitted to regretting not signing as Rosenblum. Several other signatories later Hebraised their names, including
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trapped in
Jerusalem) where a Hebraicised form of his name would have fitted alphabetically, but he insisted on signing under his actual name so as to honour his father's memory and so moved down two spaces. He and Vilner would be the last surviving signatories, and remained close for the rest of their lives. Of the signatories, two were women (
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would be outside the new state. Ben-Gurion put forward "Israel" and it passed by a vote of 6ā3. Official documents released in April 2013 by the State
Archive of Israel show that days before the establishment of the State of Israel in May 1948, officials were still debating about what the new country
471:
His
Majesty's government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights
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on 14 May. The meeting started at 13:50 and ended at 15:00, an hour before the declaration was due to be made. Despite ongoing disagreements, members of the
Council unanimously voted in favour of the final text. During the process, there were two major debates, centering on the issues of borders and
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The
Declaration expressed the State's readiness to cooperate with the UN in implementing Resolution 181(II), calling on the UN to assist with state-building and on the Arab parties waging conflict to "preserve peace" and participate in building the new State with "full and equal citizenship and due
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signed at the top of the next column, leading to speculation that Vilner's name had been left alone to isolate him, or to stress that even a communist had agreed with the declaration. However, Warhaftig later denied this, stating that a space had been left for him (as he was one of the signatories
809:
The borders were not specified in the
Declaration, although its 14th paragraph indicated a readiness to cooperate in the implementation of the UN Partition Plan. The original draft had declared that the borders would be decided by the UN partition plan. While this was supported by Rosen and
1935:
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Independent Arab and Jewish States and the
Special International Regime for the City of Jerusalem, ... shall come into existence in Palestine two months after the evacuation of the armed forces of the mandatory Power has been completed but in any case not later than 1 October
535:. The Jewish state was to receive around 56% of the land area of Mandate Palestine, encompassing 82% of the Jewish population, though it would be separated from Jerusalem. The plan was accepted by most of the Jewish population, but rejected by much of the Arab populace. On
916:, Ben-Gurion saying "Each of us, in his own way, believes in the 'Rock of Israel' as he conceives it. I should like to make one request: Don't let me put this phrase to a vote." Although its use was still opposed by Zisling, the phrase was accepted without a vote.
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on 15 May 1948 to the
Secretary-General of the United Nations, the Secretary-General of the League of Arab States claimed that "the Arab states find themselves compelled to intervene in order to restore law and order and to check further bloodshed".
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and
Freedom of Occupation, introducing (among other changes) a statement saying "the fundamental human rights in Israel will be honored (...) in the spirit of the principles included in the declaration of the establishment of the State of Israel."
330:
2060:, in paragraph 15, the estimate of the statistical expert, which the Committee believed to be as accurate as circumstances permitted, indicated that the number of refugees from Israel-controlled territory amounted to approximately 711,000.
662:
The meeting started at 13:45 and ended after midnight. The decision was between accepting the
American proposal for a truce, or declaring independence. The latter option was put to a vote, with six of the ten members present supporting it:
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Although Ben-Gurion had told the audience that he was reading from the scroll of independence, he was actually reading from handwritten notes because only the bottom part of the scroll had been finished by artist and calligrapher
541:
United Kingdom, as the mandatory Power for Palestine, and to all other Members of the United Nations the adoption and implementation, with regard to the future government of Palestine, of the Plan of Partition with Economic
904:, argued for its inclusion, saying that it could not be omitted, with Shapira supporting the wording "God of Israel" or "the Almighty and Redeemer of Israel". It was strongly opposed by Zisling, a member of the secularist
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has ruled that the guarantees were merely guiding principles, and that the declaration is not a constitutional law making a practical ruling on the upholding or nullification of various ordinances and statutes.
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2475:"Legal Consequences arising from the Policies and Practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem: Statement of the International Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists"
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be based on freedom, justice and peace as envisaged by the prophets of Israel; it will ensure complete equality of social and political rights to all its inhabitants irrespective of religion, race or sex;
1942:
Over the next few days after the declaration, armies of Egypt, Trans-Jordan, Iraq, and Syria engaged Israeli troops inside the area of what had just ceased to be Mandatory Palestine, thereby starting the
1172:
and one abroad. The remaining 25 signatories present were called up in alphabetical order to sign, leaving spaces for those absent. Although a space was left for him between the signatures of
2117:
by the time of the declaration (he did not complete the entire document until June). The scroll, which is bound together in three parts, is generally kept in the country's National Archives.
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2041:, about 700,000 Jews immigrated to Israel, residing mainly along the borders and in former Arab lands. Around 136,000 were some of the 250,000 displaced Jews of World War II. And from the
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1133:", Ben-Gurion proceeded to read out the declaration, taking 16 minutes, ending with the words "Let us accept the Foundation Scroll of the Jewish State by rising" and calling on Rabbi
1947:. A truce began on 11 June, but fighting resumed on 8 July and stopped again on 18 July, before restarting in mid-October and finally ending on 24 July 1949 with the signing of the
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was the first person to sign. The declaration was due to be signed by all 37 members of Moetzet HaAm. However, twelve members could not attend, with eleven of them trapped in
896:
The second major issue was over the inclusion of God in the last section of the document, with the draft using the phrase "and placing our trust in the Almighty". The two
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General Progress Report and Supplementary Report of the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine, Covering the Period from 11 December 1949 to 23 October 1950
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2907:"Report of the Technical Committee on Refugees (Submitted to the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine in Lausanne on 7 September 1949) ā (A/1367/Rev.1)"
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Report of the Technical Committee on Refugees (Submitted to the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine in Lausanne on 7 September 1949) ā (A/1367/Rev.1)
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into an Arab state and a Jewish state, though the proposal was rejected as unworkable by the government and was at least partially to blame for the renewal of the
17:
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were all suggested, as were Ziona, Ivriya and Herzliya. Judea and Zion were rejected because, according to the partition plan, Jerusalem (Zion) and most of the
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that the state had been proclaimed "within the frontiers approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its Resolution of November 29, 1947".
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was the first signatory to pass away, dying in May 1951, while Meir Vilner, the youngest signatory at just 29, was the longest living, serving in the
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The U.S. State Department's Opposition to Zionist Aspirations during the Early Cold War: George F. Kennan and George C. Marshall in 1947ā1948
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After telling the audience "I shall now read to you the scroll of the Establishment of the State, which has passed its first reading by the
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with Syria. By then Israel had retained its independence and increased its land area by almost 50% compared to the 1947 UN Partition Plan.
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588:. A revised second draft was made by three lawyers, A. Beham, A. Hintzheimer and Z.E. Baker, and was framed by a committee including
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played "Hatikvah". Ben-Gurion concluded the event with the words "The State of Israel is established! This meeting is adjourned!"
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Louvish, Misha (December 30, 2006). Encyclopaedia Judaica. Vol. 10 (2nd ed.). Macmillan Reference USA. p. 209. ISBN 9780028659282
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the State of Israel. This was followed by Iran (which had voted against the UN partition plan), Guatemala, Iceland, Nicaragua,
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PDF copy of Cablegram from the Secretary-General of the League of Arab States of the 15 May 1948: Retrieved 13 December 2013
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of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.
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PART I: Future constitution and government of Palestine: A. TERMINATION OF MANDATE, PARTITION AND INDEPENDENCE: Clause 3
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that had started the day after the partition vote at the UN six months earlier. Neighbouring Arab states and the
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from their homes in Arab countries; 260,000 of them reached Israel between 1948 and 1951; and 600,000 by 1972.
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The debate over wording did not end completely even after the Declaration had been made. Declaration signer
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Tuvia Friling, S. Ilan Troen (1998) "Proclaiming Independence: Five Days in May from Ben-Gurion's Diary"
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After Sharett, the last of the signatories, had put his name to paper, the audience again stood and the
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At the meeting on 14 May, several other members of Moetzet HaAm suggested additions to the document.
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were opposed to the vote and had declared they would intervene to prevent its implementation. In a
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on the competence of the General Assembly to partition a country, but the resolution was rejected.
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640:) was convened to vote on declaring independence. Three of the thirteen members were absent, with
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Proclamation of Independence: Official Gazette: Number 1; Tel Aviv, 5 Iyar 5708, 14.5.1948 Page 1
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Independent Arab and Jewish States and the Special International Regime for the City of Jerusalem
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The result was 33 to 13 in favour of the resolution, with 10 abstentions. Resolution 181(II):
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wanted it to denounce the British Mandate and military but Sharett said it was out of place.
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UNITED NATIONS General Assembly: A/RES/181(II): 29 November 1947: Resolution 181 (II):
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maintains that the declaration is neither a law nor an ordinary legal document. The
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following independence; Moshe Sharett and Golda Meir both served as Prime Minister,
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830:), wanted the phrase "within its historic borders" included, but were unsuccessful.
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912:" was used, which could be interpreted as either referring to God, or the land of
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2255:"Zionists Proclaim New State of Israel; Truman Recognizes it and Hopes for Peace"
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2592:"Why Israel's first leaders chose not to call the country 'Palestine' in Arabic"
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3036:ā English translation of text on the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Afairs website
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2010:, and Uruguay. The Soviet Union was the first nation to fully recognise Israel
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Ben Gurion (left) signing the Declaration of Independence held by Moshe Sharett
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Bound by Struggle: The Strategic Evolution of Enduring International Rivalries
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The Arab countries (all of which had opposed the plan) proposed to query the
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1088:) and was broadcast live as the first transmission of the new radio station
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2896:, Historical Society of Jews from Egypt website. Accessed 1 February 2009.
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2034:, Israel was admitted to membership in the United Nations on 11 May 1949.
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Paragraph 13 of the Declaration provides that the State of Israel would
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1118:, from the 250 guests. On the wall behind the podium hung a picture of
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868: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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National Archives Celebrates 60th Anniversary of the State of Israel
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at midnight that day. The event is celebrated annually in Israel as
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representation in all its provisional and permanent institutions."
1958:, which acted as the legislative body for the new state until the
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2011:
1989:
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The Forgotten Millions: The Modern Jewish Exodus from Arab Lands
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civil war between the Arab and Jewish populations of the Mandate
1236:(Shertok). Other signatories added their own touches, including
523:, the British handed the issue over to the recently established
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1724:
1368:
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480:, British government policy officially endorsed Zionism. After
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The writers also had to decide on the name for the new state.
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48:
The original document of Israel's Declaration of Independence
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Press Release, 31 January 1949. Official File, Truman Papers
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The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel
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937:
929:
445:
382:
70:
2030:, as Truman had promised on 31 January 1949. By virtue of
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The draft text was submitted for approval to a meeting of
544:
was put to a vote in the United Nations General Assembly.
2636:
Shelley Kleiman-The State of Israel Declares Independence
1240:
who added the phrase "HaLevy", referring to the tribe of
1106:
At 16:00, Ben-Gurion opened the ceremony by banging his
2828:
Retrieved 29 October 2007 from the US Holocaust Museum.
2191:
The Recording of the Israel Declaration of Independence
1965:
Many of the signatories would play a prominent role in
371:
Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel
356:
Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel
37:
Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel
463:
stated in a letter to British Jewish community leader
3654:
Statement of Information Relating to Acts of Violence
3150:
History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel
2124:
1099:
building following its approval earlier in the day.
1095:
The final draft of the declaration was typed at the
1954:Following the declaration, Moetzet HaAm became the
1110:on the table, prompting a spontaneous rendition of
1069:declaring independence beneath a large portrait of
822:, committed to a Jewish state on both sides of the
456:organisations since the late 19th century. In 1917
3069:
2887:"The Forced Migration of Jews from Arab Countries"
1058:The invitation to the ceremony, dated 13 May 1948.
1010:, which is based on the covenant of the Lord with
3131:Laws and customs of the Land of Israel in Judaism
1999:Eleven minutes after midnight, the United States
3734:
2436:The Journal of the Society for Textual Reasoning
2300:Brenner, Michael; Frisch, Shelley (April 2003).
1030:, and the Jews who lived in the 'Old Yishuv'."
3034:Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel
2986:." Journal of Cold War Studies 23 (4): 153ā180.
2648:"The throwback museum that echoes independence"
616:, Sharett and Zisling produced the final text.
572:The first draft of the declaration was made by
492:for Palestine, which it had conquered from the
476:Through this letter, which became known as the
2045:until the early 1970s, 800,000ā1,000,000 Jews
3788:Documents of the IsraeliāPalestinian conflict
3413:
3055:
2316:"Zionist Leaders: David Ben-Gurion 1886ā1973"
2299:
1926:The declaration was signed in the context of
1907:
1006:later claimed, "It ignored our sole right to
608:. A second committee meeting, which included
2626:, 1998 (republished on Eretz Israel Forever)
2527:"Why not Judea? Zion? State of the Hebrews?"
2359:The Making of the Modern Near East 1792ā1923
1996:, the oldest signatory at 82, died in 1959.
966:
956:
946:
57:
3686:American trusteeship proposal for Palestine
2614:Wallish and the Declaration of Independence
1014:, our father, and repeated promises in the
3642:Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry report
3420:
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3062:
3048:
2052:At the same time, a large number of Arabs
1914:
1900:
42:
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2819:
2420:
2418:
2410:The State of Israel Declares Independence
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2403:
2401:
2399:
2397:
884:Learn how and when to remove this message
519:In the face of increasing violence after
432:on 5 Iyar of every year according to the
29:1948 declaration of Israel's independence
18:Israel's Declaration of Independence
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2304:. Markus Wiener Publishers. p. 184.
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2426:The Israeli Declaration of Independence
2196:Palestinian Declaration of Independence
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580:trade union and later a Justice of the
14:
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2943:United Nations Conciliation Commission
2715:Palestine. The Prize and Price of Zion
2668:
2666:
2609:
2607:
2581:, 30 April 1998, by Elli Wohlgelernter
2464:, University of Michigan Press, p. 137
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1980:in 1952, and several others served as
995:in Europe and to guarantee freedom of
945:would be called in Arabic: Palestine (
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2250:
2248:
2032:General Assembly Resolution 273 (III)
619:
531:, a plan to partition Palestine into
404:. It declared the establishment of a
311:shortly before the expiration of the
2760:The Arab-Israeli Conflict: A History
2361:. Harlow, England: Longman. p. 290.
2318:. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs
866:adding citations to reliable sources
837:
567:
381:), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5
3743:Israeli Declaration of Independence
3692:Israeli Declaration of Independence
3126:History of ancient Israel and Judah
2969:Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs
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2604:
2412:Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs
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1992:until 1990 and dying in June 2003.
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367:Israeli Declaration of Independence
58:
24:
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2874:, Continuum 2001, pp. 139 and 155.
2638:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs
2281:from the original on 26 April 2019
2245:
2206:List of international declarations
738:Sephardim and Oriental Communities
416:, which would come into effect on
25:
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2990:
2792:"United Nations Maintenance Page"
2056:from, what became Israel. In the
2037:In the three years following the
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3324:
3231:
2955:The Proclamation of Independence
2838:Schwartz, Adi (4 January 2008).
2749:National Archives, 28 April 2008
2218:
2155:
2141:
2127:
2095:In 1994 the Knesset amended two
1883:
1289:
1042:A celebratory crowd outside the
842:
797:On the day of its proclamation,
761:
537:29 November 1947, the resolution
341:
325:
3753:1948 in international relations
2960:
2948:
2925:
2899:
2806:
2784:
2765:
2752:
2740:
2731:
2706:
2688:
2641:
2629:
2584:
2519:
2496:
2467:
2454:
2441:
853:needs additional citations for
331:he:×××××Ŗ ×עצ××××Ŗ ×©× ×××× ×Ŗ ×ש×Ø××
3584:Western Wall Commission report
3462:McMahonāHussein correspondence
2673:For this reason we congregated
2480:. 16 February 2024. p. 39
2381:Future government of Palestine
2372:
2348:
2338:"Proclamation of Independence"
2330:
2308:
2293:
2263:
1561:Late Antiquity and Middle Ages
1144:
1018:. It ignored the aliya of the
978:
562:International Court of Justice
502:partitioning Mandate Palestine
13:
1:
3563:Palestinian citizenship order
2509:, London: Doubleday. p. 187.
2460:Zeev Maoz, Ben D. Mor (2002)
2238:
2107:
1249:Israel Philharmonic Orchestra
1080:The ceremony was held in the
439:
3773:Declarations of independence
3510:KingāCrane Commission report
3298:Exodus from the Muslim world
3267:IsraeliāPalestinian conflict
2717:. Cassel. pp. 57, 116.
2569:One Day that Shook the world
2533:. 7 May 2008. Archived from
2047:left, fled, or were expelled
2014:on 17 May 1948, followed by
1254:
818:, voted 5ā4 against it. The
496:during the war. In 1937 the
389:, the Executive Head of the
59:×××××Ŗ ×עצ××××Ŗ ×©× ×××× ×Ŗ ×ש×Ø××
7:
3253:Declaration of Independence
2275:Independence Hall of Israel
2120:
2054:left, fled or were expelled
833:
576:, the legal advisor of the
395:Jewish Agency for Palestine
10:
3804:
3609:Woodhead Commission report
3541:Haycraft Commission report
3495:Anglo-French Modus Vivendi
3145:Timeline of Jewish history
2840:"All I Wanted was Justice"
1258:
786:
782:
749:World Zionist Organization
659:was in the United States.
391:World Zionist Organization
3701:
3624:
3571:
3552:League of Nations mandate
3536:PauletāNewcombe Agreement
3518:
3505:FaisalāWeizmann agreement
3443:
3331:
3322:
3238:
3229:
3107:
3081:
2383:: Retrieved 26 April 2012
2101:Human Dignity and Liberty
1956:Provisional State Council
1050:, to hear the Declaration
908:. In the end the phrase "
458:British Foreign Secretary
379:×××Ø×× ×¢× ×ק××Ŗ ×××× ×Ŗ ×ש×Ø××
352:
340:
324:
319:
299:
145:
87:
77:
65:
53:
41:
36:
3763:20th century in Tel Aviv
3758:1948 in Israeli politics
3500:Anglo-French Declaration
3490:Declaration to the Seven
3370:Hof Aza Regional Council
3160:Modern Jewish settlement
2892:13 February 2012 at the
2870:Malka Hillel Shulewitz,
2758:Ian J. Bickerton (2009)
2302:Zionism: A Brief History
2271:"The Declaration Scroll"
2211:
1448:10th century BCEā587 BCE
1438:10th century BCEā720 BCE
1392:Ancient Israel and Judah
1379:Late Bronze Age collapse
1232:(Felix Rosenblueth) and
1208:(then Fritz Bernstein),
1022:and the students of the
402:Prime Minister of Israel
3783:May 1948 events in Asia
3531:Palin Commission report
3456:The Future of Palestine
2777:7 December 2017 at the
2713:Cragg, Kenneth (1997).
2678:13 October 2007 at the
2574:12 January 2012 at the
1418:12thā10th centuries BCE
993:Displaced Persons camps
919:
638:People's Administration
465:Walter, Lord Rothschild
3604:Peel Commission report
3579:Shaw Commission report
3359:Judea and Samaria Area
3310:Agriculture technology
2982:Herf, Jeffrey. 2021. "
2700:7 January 2014 at the
2658:St. Louis Jewish Light
2076:
2075:as it appeared in 2007
1154:
1114:, soon to be Israel's
1077:
1059:
1051:
1004:Meir David Loewenstein
991:pushed to mention the
928:, Ever (from the name
812:Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit
806:
747:, the Chairman of the
734:Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit
558:
516:
474:
270:Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit
226:Meir David Loewenstein
3594:Passfield white paper
3546:Churchill White Paper
3468:SykesāPicot agreement
3280:ArabāIsraeli alliance
3263:ArabāIsraeli conflict
3121:History of the Levant
3012:16 April 2008 at the
2762:Reaktion Books, p. 79
2181:Passfield white paper
2171:Churchill White Paper
2163:Modern history portal
2071:
2064:Status in Israeli law
2043:1948 ArabāIsraeli War
1976:the country's second
1945:1948 ArabāIsraeli War
1804:Historical literature
1799:Historical population
1761:ArabāIsraeli conflict
1152:
1065:
1057:
1041:
796:
553:
515:The UN partition plan
514:
469:
444:The possibility of a
412:, to be known as the
3276:IranāIsrael conflict
3026:21 July 2011 at the
3006:government of Israel
3002:U.S. Recognition of
2653:12 June 2020 at the
2619:23 July 2011 at the
2431:3 March 2016 at the
2229:Zionist Organization
2176:1929 Palestine riots
1776:IranāIsrael conflict
1639:Kingdom of Jerusalem
1620:Early Islamic period
1594:Byzantine Palaestina
1472:Second Temple period
1228:(Meyerson/Myerson),
1097:Jewish National Fund
1073:, founder of modern
1048:Rothschild Boulevard
1034:Declaration ceremony
862:improve this article
826:(that is, including
624:On 12 May 1948, the
584:, at the request of
539:to recommend to the
3659:MorrisonāGrady Plan
3647:Survey of Palestine
3615:White Paper of 1939
3589:Hope Simpson report
3526:San Remo Resolution
3474:Balfour Declaration
3430:Mandatory Palestine
3380:Status of Jerusalem
3339:Israeli settlements
3286:Society and economy
3220:Mandatory Palestine
3212:Balfour Declaration
2941:, published by the
2937:20 May 2014 at the
2597:The Times of Israel
2388:24 May 2012 at the
2186:White Paper of 1939
1949:armistice agreement
756:President of Israel
506:1936ā39 Arab revolt
478:Balfour Declaration
452:had been a goal of
309:Mandatory Palestine
182:Yehuda Leib Fishman
132:Yehuda Leib Fishman
3778:History of Zionism
3632:Biltmore Programme
3093:Independent Israel
2624:The Jerusalem Post
2579:The Jerusalem Post
2451:, 3.1, pp. 170ā194
2424:Harris, J. (1998)
2342:www.knesset.gov.il
2227:Then known as the
2077:
2039:1948 Palestine war
1491:Hellenistic period
1305:Prehistoric Levant
1261:1948 Palestine war
1222:Yehuda Leib Maimon
1191:Rachel Cohen-Kagan
1155:
1078:
1060:
1052:
902:Yehuda Leib Maimon
807:
692:Haim-Moshe Shapira
657:Yitzhak-Meir Levin
642:Yehuda Leib Maimon
620:Minhelet HaAm Vote
614:Yehuda Leib Maimon
598:Haim-Moshe Shapira
529:Resolution 181(II)
517:
393:, Chairman of the
274:Haim-Moshe Shapira
266:Ben-Zion Sternberg
222:Yitzhak-Meir Levin
210:Avraham Katznelson
174:Rachel Cohen-Kagan
3730:
3729:
3680:UN Partition Plan
3650:
3451:Damascus Protocol
3428:Key documents of
3395:
3394:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3348:International law
3316:
3315:
3302:Development towns
3282:
3249:UN Partition Plan
3185:
3184:
3173:Culture of Israel
3165:History of Israel
3138:The Jewish people
2826:Displaced Persons
2814:Righteous Victims
2724:978-0-304-70075-2
2660:, 5 December 2012
2507:Israel: A History
2073:Independence Hall
1962:in January 1949.
1924:
1923:
1890:Israel portal
1739:
1684:
1667:
1666:
1552:
1551:
1542:Jewish-Roman Wars
1501:Hasmonean dynasty
1462:
1461:
1434:Kingdom of Israel
1359:
1309:
1157:As leader of the
942:Judaean Mountains
894:
893:
886:
789:Borders of Israel
751:, and soon to be
696:Hapoel HaMizrachi
648:being blocked in
646:Yitzhak Gruenbaum
568:Drafting the text
527:. The result was
363:
362:
262:Mordechai Shatner
246:Felix Rosenblueth
198:Yitzhak Gruenbaum
194:Avraham Granovsky
112:Felix Rosenblueth
16:(Redirected from
3795:
3768:David Ben-Gurion
3674:Ad Hoc Committee
3644:
3599:MacDonald letter
3438:
3437:
3436:
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3415:
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3216:Mandate document
3105:
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3040:
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2964:
2958:
2952:
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2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2909:. Archived from
2903:
2897:
2881:
2875:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2852:on 20 March 2016
2848:. Archived from
2835:
2829:
2823:
2817:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2802:on 15 June 2013.
2798:. Archived from
2788:
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2028:Israeli election
1994:Eliyahu Berligne
1967:Israeli politics
1916:
1909:
1902:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1809:Economic history
1737:
1682:
1659:Mamluk Sultanate
1584:Syria Palaestina
1565:
1564:
1511:Herodian dynasty
1477:
1476:
1444:Kingdom of Judah
1428:10th century BCE
1397:
1396:
1358:
1308:
1293:
1283:
1265:
1264:
1206:Peretz Bernstein
1182:Zerach Warhaftig
1163:David Ben-Gurion
1131:National Council
1067:David Ben-Gurion
1046:, located in 16
970:
969:
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889:
882:
878:
875:
869:
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730:New Aliyah Party
700:Mordechai Bentov
688:General Zionists
684:Peretz Bernstein
672:David Ben-Gurion
635:
610:David Ben-Gurion
430:national holiday
426:Independence Day
387:David Ben-Gurion
380:
345:
344:
329:
328:
290:Zerach Warhaftig
242:David-Zvi Pinkas
166:Eliyahu Berligne
162:Mordechai Bentov
150:David Ben-Gurion
128:David Ben-Gurion
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3480:Hogarth message
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3077:
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3028:Wayback Machine
3014:Wayback Machine
2993:
2979:
2977:Further reading
2974:
2973:
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2961:
2957:Knesset website
2953:
2949:
2939:Wayback Machine
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2702:Wayback Machine
2693:
2689:
2685:, 23 April 2004
2680:Wayback Machine
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2149:Politics portal
2147:
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2110:
2083:. However, the
2066:
1971:Yitzhak Ben-Zvi
1960:first elections
1920:
1884:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1862:Hebrew calendar
1847:
1839:
1838:
1794:Historical maps
1789:
1781:
1780:
1734:State of Israel
1720:British Mandate
1677:
1669:
1668:
1649:Ayyubid dynasty
1573:Rabbinic period
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1553:
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1454:Babylonian rule
1424:United Monarchy
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1384:
1383:
1301:
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1274:
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1257:
1198:Herzl Rosenblum
1147:
1116:national anthem
1082:Tel Aviv Museum
1044:Tel Aviv Museum
1036:
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879:
873:
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847:
836:
803:Harry S. Truman
791:
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498:Peel Commission
442:
434:Hebrew calendar
422:British Mandate
414:State of Israel
369:, formally the
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3748:1948 documents
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2991:External links
2989:
2988:
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2975:
2972:
2971:
2959:
2947:
2924:
2913:on 3 June 2007
2898:
2876:
2863:
2830:
2818:
2812:Benny Morris,
2805:
2796:unispal.un.org
2783:
2781:Truman Library
2764:
2751:
2739:
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2662:
2640:
2628:
2603:
2583:
2548:
2537:on 10 May 2008
2518:
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2449:Israel Studies
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2258:New York Times
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1259:Main article:
1256:
1253:
1238:Saadia Kobashi
1216:(Katznelson),
1214:Avraham Nissan
1210:Avraham Granot
1174:Eliyahu Dobkin
1146:
1143:
1137:to recite the
1124:flag of Israel
1035:
1032:
1028:Ba'al Shem Tov
980:
977:
921:
918:
910:Rock of Israel
900:, Shapira and
892:
891:
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835:
832:
799:Eliahu Epstein
784:
781:
763:
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745:Chaim Weizmann
742:
741:
718:Eliezer Kaplan
711:
704:Aharon Zisling
621:
618:
606:Aharon Zisling
569:
566:
525:United Nations
486:United Kingdom
461:Arthur Balfour
441:
438:
361:
360:
359:
358:
350:
349:
338:
337:
322:
321:
317:
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301:
297:
296:
294:Aharon Zisling
234:Golda Meyerson
214:Saadia Kobashi
206:Eliezer Kaplan
190:Meir Grabovsky
178:Eliyahu Dobkin
147:
143:
142:
136:Aharon Zisling
120:Aharon Zisling
89:
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63:
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55:
54:Original title
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3284:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3272:Peace process
3268:
3264:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3245:
3244:
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3228:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3192:
3190:
3178:
3177:Law of Return
3174:
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3158:
3155:
3151:
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3115:
3114:
3112:
3106:
3103:
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3099:
3098:Modern Israel
3096:
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3089:
3086:
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3080:
3076:
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3065:
3060:
3058:
3053:
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3020:"Signatorius"
3018:
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3007:
3005:
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2515:0-385-40401-8
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2367:0-582-49380-3
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2260:, 15 May 1948
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2144:
2139:
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2135:Israel portal
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2090:
2089:Supreme Court
2086:
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2033:
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2025:
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2017:
2013:
2009:
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2002:
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1991:
1987:
1983:
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1698:Mutasarrifate
1696:
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1481:Persian Yehud
1479:
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1307:
1306:
1300:Early history
1297:
1296:
1292:
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1287:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1252:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1234:Moshe Sharett
1231:
1230:Pinchas Rosen
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1212:(Granovsky),
1211:
1207:
1204:(Grabovsky),
1203:
1199:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1151:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1120:Theodor Herzl
1117:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1076:
1072:
1071:Theodor Herzl
1068:
1064:
1056:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
986:
976:
974:
965:) or Israel (
964:
954:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
917:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
888:
885:
877:
867:
863:
857:
856:
851:This section
849:
845:
840:
839:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
816:Minhelet HaAm
813:
804:
800:
795:
790:
780:
777:
773:
769:
762:Final wording
759:
757:
754:
750:
746:
739:
735:
731:
727:
726:Pinchas Rosen
723:
719:
715:
712:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
676:Moshe Sharett
673:
669:
666:
665:
664:
660:
658:
654:
651:
647:
643:
639:
631:
627:
626:Minhelet HaAm
617:
615:
611:
607:
603:
602:Moshe Sharett
599:
595:
594:Pinchas Rosen
591:
587:
586:Pinchas Rosen
583:
582:Supreme Court
579:
575:
565:
563:
557:
552:
550:
545:
543:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
513:
509:
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388:
384:
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357:
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332:
323:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
278:Moshe Shertok
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
218:Moshe Kolodny
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:Kalman Kahana
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
154:Daniel Auster
151:
148:
144:
141:
140:Moshe Shertok
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
116:Moshe Shapira
113:
109:
105:
104:Moshe Shertok
101:
100:Second Draft:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
72:
69:14 May 1948 (
68:
64:
56:
52:
45:
40:
35:
32:
27:
19:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3691:
3690:
3678:
3613:
3558:Constitution
3550:
3472:
3460:
3373:
3363:
3362:
3352:
3351:
3337:
3336:
3285:
3261:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3241:
3194:
3187:
3169:Israeli Jews
3136:
3119: /
3110:
3092:
3003:
2962:
2950:
2927:
2915:. Retrieved
2911:the original
2901:
2879:
2871:
2866:
2854:. Retrieved
2850:the original
2843:
2833:
2821:
2813:
2808:
2800:the original
2795:
2786:
2767:
2759:
2754:
2742:
2733:
2714:
2708:
2690:
2682:
2657:
2643:
2631:
2623:
2595:
2586:
2578:
2539:. Retrieved
2535:the original
2530:
2521:
2506:
2498:
2489:
2482:. Retrieved
2469:
2461:
2456:
2443:
2435:
2380:
2374:
2358:
2350:
2341:
2332:
2320:. Retrieved
2310:
2301:
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2274:
2265:
2257:
2228:
2115:Otte Wallish
2111:
2094:
2080:
2078:
2057:
2051:
2036:
2000:
1998:
1964:
1953:
1941:
1925:
1771:Silicon Wadi
1756:Independence
1755:
1732:
1731:
1688:Ottoman rule
1679:
1537:Roman Judaea
1353:
1352:
1303:
1246:
1195:
1156:
1139:Shehecheyanu
1128:
1105:
1094:
1079:
1008:Eretz Israel
1001:
982:
972:
962:
952:
926:Eretz Israel
923:
914:Eretz Israel
895:
880:
874:January 2024
871:
860:Please help
855:verification
852:
824:Jordan River
820:Revisionists
808:
774:building in
768:Moetzet HaAm
765:
743:
713:
667:
661:
637:
623:
574:Zvi Berenson
571:
559:
554:
548:
546:
540:
532:
521:World War II
518:
488:was given a
475:
470:
448:homeland in
443:
410:Eretz-Israel
406:Jewish state
397:, and later
370:
366:
364:
305:Jewish state
254:Berl Repetur
124:Third Draft:
123:
99:
96:Zvi Berenson
92:First Draft:
91:
31:
26:
2884:Ada Aharoni
2816:, chap. VI.
2503:Gilbert, M.
2484:2 September
1986:David Remez
1932:Arab League
1867:Archaeology
1683:(1517ā1948)
1548:6 CEā136 CE
1531:37 BCEā6 CE
1495:333ā164 BCE
1485:538ā333 BCE
1458:587ā538 BCE
1410:Philistines
1400:Iron Age I
1280:History of
1224:(Fishman),
1220:(Kolodny),
1178:Meir Vilner
1145:Signatories
1101:Ze'ev Sherf
1090:Kol Yisrael
985:Meir Vilner
979:Other items
828:Transjordan
722:David Remez
590:David Remez
482:World War I
418:termination
286:Meir Vilner
282:Herzl Vardi
250:David Remez
146:Signatories
108:David Remez
3737:Categories
3664:Bevin Plan
3365:Gaza Strip
3334:Green Line
3117:Prehistory
2355:Yapp, M.E.
2239:References
2108:The scroll
2097:basic laws
2024:Yugoslavia
2004:recognised
1703:Old Yishuv
1505:164ā37 BCE
1406:Israelites
1348:Ghassulian
1226:Golda Meir
1202:Meir Argov
1187:Golda Meir
1141:blessing.
1024:Vilna Gaon
989:Meir Argov
787:See also:
779:religion.
500:suggested
440:Background
347:Wikisource
335:Wikisource
303:Declare a
3721:Aftermath
3354:West Bank
3306:Austerity
3290:Kibbutzim
1982:ministers
1978:president
1936:cablegram
1819:Jerusalem
1766:Austerity
1663:1260ā1517
1653:1174ā1260
1643:1099ā1291
1523:Tetrarchy
1333:Yarmukian
1318:Mushabian
1255:Aftermath
1218:Moshe Kol
1170:Jerusalem
955:), Zion (
801:wrote to
724:(Mapai);
653:Jerusalem
634:×× ×××Ŗ ××¢×
578:Histadrut
551:provides:
450:Palestine
385:5708) by
320:Full text
258:Zvi Segal
238:Nahum Nir
230:Zvi Luria
186:Wolf Gold
88:Author(s)
3714:Timeline
3344:Timeline
3294:Moshavim
3258:Politics
3204:timeline
3073:and the
3024:Archived
3010:Archived
3004:de facto
2935:Archived
2917:2 August
2890:Archived
2775:Archived
2698:Archived
2676:Archived
2651:Archived
2617:Archived
2572:Archived
2541:22 April
2438:, Vol. 7
2429:Archived
2386:Archived
2357:(1987).
2285:25 April
2279:Archived
2277:. 2013.
2121:See also
2001:de facto
1788:By topic
1744:Timeline
1633:638ā1099
1624:Filastin
1343:Nizzanim
1328:Harifian
1323:Natufian
1271:a series
1269:Part of
1167:besieged
1112:Hatikvah
1026:and the
997:language
973:āIsrÄāÄ«l
953:Filasį¹Ä«n
834:Religion
776:Tel Aviv
655:, while
650:besieged
494:Ottomans
82:Tel Aviv
78:Location
3707:History
3243:History
3200:history
3196:Zionism
3191:to 1948
3189:History
3154:leaders
3111:History
3071:Zionism
2845:Haaretz
2531:Haaretz
2505:(1998)
2322:13 July
2085:Knesset
2012:de jure
2008:Romania
1990:Knesset
1872:Museums
1857:Yahwism
1846:Related
1824:Zionism
1814:Judaism
1710:Zionism
1614:395ā638
1606:Secunda
1588:136ā395
1518:Kingdom
1364:Retjenu
1313:Kebaran
1135:Fishman
1086:sabbath
1075:Zionism
1012:Abraham
968:Ų„Ų³Ų±Ų§Ų¦ŁŁ
783:Borders
770:at the
714:Against
636:, lit.
490:mandate
454:Zionist
420:of the
300:Purpose
66:Created
3669:UNSCOP
3208:Aliyah
2856:13 May
2721:
2513:
2365:
2016:Poland
1974:became
1725:Yishuv
1693:Eyalet
1628:Urdunn
1578:70ā638
1369:Habiru
1355:Canaan
1338:Lodian
1282:Israel
1273:on the
1159:Yishuv
1020:Ramban
1016:Tanach
963:į¹¢ahyÅ«n
948:ŁŁŲ³Ų·ŁŁ
936:, and
898:rabbis
630:Hebrew
484:, the
467:that:
446:Jewish
375:Hebrew
71:5 Iyar
3625:1940s
3572:1930s
3519:1920s
3444:1910s
2478:(PDF)
2212:Notes
1749:Years
1601:Prima
1374:Shasu
1196:When
1108:gavel
958:ŲµŁŁŁŁ
934:Judea
906:Mapam
753:first
708:Mapam
680:Mapai
556:1948.
542:Union
399:first
73:5708)
3292:and
2919:2012
2858:2012
2719:ISBN
2543:2012
2511:ISBN
2486:2024
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