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1104:. Oxy-fuel is probably the most common method of welding when it comes to creating steel sculptures because it is the easiest to use for shaping the steel as well as making clean and less noticeable joins of the steel. The key to Oxy-fuel welding is heating each piece of metal to be joined evenly until all are red and have a shine to them. Once that shine is on each piece, that shine will soon become a 'pool' where the metal is liquified and the welder must get the pools to join, fusing the metal. Once cooled off, the location where the pools joined are now one continuous piece of metal. Also used heavily in Oxy-fuel sculpture creation is forging.
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8511:. Compared to areas colonized by the Spanish, sculpture got off to an extremely slow start in the British colonies, with next to no place in churches, and was only given impetus by the need to assert nationality after independence. American sculpture of the mid- to late-19th century was often classical, often romantic, but showed a bent for a dramatic, narrative, almost journalistic realism. Public buildings during the last quarter of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century often provided an architectural setting for sculpture, especially in relief. By the 1930s the
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9112:, attempting to model of a fleeting moment of ordinary life. Modern classicism showed a lesser interest in naturalism and a greater interest in formal stylization. Greater attention was paid to the rhythms of volumes and spaces—as well as greater attention to the contrasting qualities of surface (open, closed, planar, broken etc.) while less attention was paid to story-telling and convincing details of anatomy or costume. Greater attention was given to psychological effect than to physical realism, and influences from earlier styles worldwide were used.
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2670:; free-standing statues were now mostly made in bronze, which always had value as scrap. The Severe style lasted from around 500 in reliefs, and soon after 480 in statues, to about 450. The relatively rigid poses of figures relaxed, and asymmetrical turning positions and oblique views became common, and deliberately sought. This was combined with a better understanding of anatomy and the harmonious structure of sculpted figures, and the pursuit of naturalistic representation as an aim, which had not been present before. Excavations at the
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2831:, and those from other centres where small pottery figures were produced on an industrial scale, some religious but others showing animals and elegantly dressed ladies. Sculptors became more technically skilled in representing facial expressions conveying a wide variety of emotions and the portraiture of individuals, as well representing different ages and races. The reliefs from the Mausoleum are rather atypical in that respect; most work was free-standing, and group compositions with several figures to be seen in the round, like the
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Buddhist art throughout the Asian continent up to the present. Though dating is uncertain, it appears that strongly
Hellenistic styles lingered in the East for several centuries after they had declined around the Mediterranean, as late as the 5th century CE. Some aspects of Greek art were adopted while others did not spread beyond the Greco-Buddhist area; in particular the standing figure, often with a relaxed pose and one leg flexed, and the flying cupids or victories, who became popular across Asia as
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2787:. It is thus much longer than the previous periods, and includes at least two major phases: a "Pergamene" style of experimentation, exuberance and some sentimentality and vulgarity, and in the 2nd century BCE a classicising return to a more austere simplicity and elegance; beyond such generalizations dating is typically very uncertain, especially when only later copies are known, as is usually the case. The initial Pergamene style was not especially associated with
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7887:—ending around 350 CE (with its conquest by Ethiopia's Aksum). Beyond pottery items, the Kerma culture also made furniture that contained sculptures, such as gold cattle hoofs as the legs of beds. Sculpture during the Kingdom of Kush included full-sized statues (especially of kings and queens), smaller figurines (most commonly depicting royal servants), and reliefs in stone, which were influenced by the contemporary ancient Egyptian sculptural tradition.
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reliefs and on pediments combined complexity and harmony in a way that had a permanent influence on
Western art. Relief could be very high indeed, as in the Parthenon illustration below, where most of the leg of the warrior is completely detached from the background, as were the missing parts; relief this high made sculptures more subject to damage. The Late Classical style developed the free-standing female nude statue, supposedly an innovation of
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2115:, which is well suited to very bright sunlight. The main figures in reliefs adhere to the same figure convention as in painting, with parted legs (where not seated) and head shown from the side, but the torso from the front, and a standard set of proportions making up the figure, using 18 "fists" to go from the ground to the hair-line on the forehead. This appears as early as the
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5699:, the first emperor of a unified China from 221 to 210 BCE, as a grand imperial version of the figures long placed in tombs to enable the deceased to enjoy the same lifestyle in the afterlife as when alive, replacing actual sacrifices of very early periods. Smaller figures in pottery or wood were placed in tombs for many centuries afterwards, reaching a peak of quality in
5719:. Buddhism is also the context of all large portrait sculpture; in total contrast to some other areas, in medieval China even painted images of the emperor were regarded as private. Imperial tombs have spectacular avenues of approach lined with real and mythological animals on a scale matching Egypt, and smaller versions decorate temples and palaces.
6465:. However, such figures in bronze and stone are rare and greatly outnumbered by pottery figurines and stone seals, often of animals or deities very finely depicted. After the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization there is little record of sculpture until the Buddhist era, apart from a hoard of copper figures of (somewhat controversially)
976:", along with more freehand methods. Pointing involved setting up a grid of string squares on a wooden frame surrounding the original, and then measuring the position on the grid and the distance between grid and statue of a series of individual points, and then using this information to carve into the block from which the copy is made.
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1162:: hot casting can be done by ladling molten glass into moulds that have been created by pressing shapes into sand, carved graphite or detailed plaster/silica moulds. Kiln casting glass involves heating chunks of glass in a kiln until they are liquid and flow into a waiting mould below it in the kiln. Hot glass can also
1994:, which are sculpted in high relief on two sides of a rectangular block, with the heads effectively in the round (and also five legs, so that both views seem complete). Even before dominating the region they had continued the cylinder seal tradition with designs which are often exceptionally energetic and refined.
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In
Baroque sculpture, groups of figures assumed new importance, and there was a dynamic movement and energy of human forms— they spiralled around an empty central vortex, or reached outwards into the surrounding space. Baroque sculpture often had multiple ideal viewing angles, and reflected a general
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sculpture became largely an extension of the
Hellenistic style, from which specifically Roman elements are hard to disentangle, especially as so much Greek sculpture survives only in copies of the Roman period. By the 2nd century BCE, "most of the sculptors working at Rome" were Greek, often enslaved
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The High
Classical style continued to develop realism and sophistication in the human figure, and improved the depiction of drapery (clothes), using it to add to the impact of active poses. Facial expressions were usually very restrained, even in combat scenes. The composition of groups of figures in
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Sculpture has been central in religious devotion in many cultures, and until recent centuries, large sculptures, too expensive for private individuals to create, were usually an expression of religion or politics. Those cultures whose sculptures have survived in quantities include the cultures of the
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is arguably the main strength of Roman sculpture. There are no survivals from the tradition of masks of ancestors that were worn in processions at the funerals of the great families and otherwise displayed in the home, but many of the busts that survive must represent ancestral figures, perhaps from
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Hellenistic sculpture greatly expanded the range of subjects represented, partly as a result of greater general prosperity, and the emergence of a very wealthy class who had large houses decorated with sculpture, although we know that some examples of subjects that seem best suited to the home, such
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period (3rd millennium BCE), where marble figures, usually female and small, are represented in an elegantly simplified geometrical style. Most typical is a standing pose with arms crossed in front, but other figures are shown in different poses, including a complicated figure of a harpist seated on
1971:
The conquest of the whole of
Mesopotamia and much surrounding territory by the Assyrians created a larger and wealthier state than the region had known before, and very grandiose art in palaces and public places, no doubt partly intended to match the splendour of the art of the neighbouring Egyptian
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could become wealthy, and ennobled, and enter the circle of princes, after a period of sharp argument over the relative status of sculpture and painting. Much decorative sculpture on buildings remained a trade, but sculptors producing individual pieces were recognised on a level with painters. From
1108:
is the process of heating metal to a certain point to soften it enough to be shaped into different forms. One very common example is heating the end of a steel rod and hitting the red heated tip with a hammer while on an anvil to form a point. In between hammer swings, the forger rotates the rod and
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is an example of a tradition of monumental sculpture in wood that would leave no traces for archaeology. The ability to summon the resources to create monumental sculpture, by transporting usually very heavy materials and arranging for the payment of what are usually regarded as full-time sculptors,
554:
and art history the appearance, and sometimes disappearance, of large or monumental sculpture in a culture is regarded as of great significance, though tracing the emergence is often complicated by the presumed existence of sculpture in wood and other perishable materials of which no record remains;
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During the late 1950s and the 1960s abstract sculptors began experimenting with a wide array of new materials and different approaches to creating their work. Surrealist imagery, anthropomorphic abstraction, new materials and combinations of new energy sources and varied surfaces and objects became
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are important elements in the art of many peoples, along with human figures, often highly stylized. There is a vast variety of styles, often varying within the same context of origin depending on the use of the object, but wide regional trends are apparent; sculpture is most common among "groups of
6891:
sculptures from the
Philippines are dominated by Anitist designs mirroring the medium used and the culture involved, while being highlighted by the environments where such sculptures are usually placed on. Christian and Islamic sculptures from the Philippines have different motifs compared to other
6504:
from the 1st to 3rd centuries CE reflected both native Indian traditions and the
Western influences received through the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara, and effectively established the basis for subsequent Indian religious sculpture. The style was developed and diffused through most of India under
6214:
equivalents, and after
Buddhism declined in Japan in the 15th century, monumental sculpture became largely architectural decoration and less significant. However sculptural work in the decorative arts was developed to a remarkable level of technical achievement and refinement in small objects such
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The period was marked by a great increase in patronage of sculpture by the state for public art and by the wealthy for their homes; especially in Italy, public sculpture remains a crucial element in the appearance of historic city centres. Church sculpture mostly moved inside just as outside public
3777:
was above all the sculptural mode of the period. Compositions usually had little depth, and needed to be flexible to squeeze themselves into the shapes of capitals, and church typanums; the tension between a tightly enclosing frame, from which the composition sometimes escapes, is a recurrent theme
10742:
was not a problem as pieces were instantly recognisable. In the early 21st century the value of metal rose to such an extent that theft of massive bronze sculpture for the value of the metal became a problem; sculpture worth millions being stolen and melted down for the relatively low value of the
5397:
in the 4th century BCE, and the
Islamic conquests of the 7th century CE. Greco-Buddhist art is characterized by the strong idealistic realism of Hellenistic art and the first representations of the Buddha in human form, which have helped define the artistic (and particularly, sculptural) canon for
594:
was invented. From the 20th century the relatively restricted range of subjects found in large sculpture expanded greatly, with abstract subjects and the use or representation of any type of subject now common. Today much sculpture is made for intermittent display in galleries and museums, and the
9170:
Classical training was rooted out of art education in Western Europe (and the Americas) by 1970 and the classical variants of the 20th century were marginalized in the history of modernism. But classicism continued as the foundation of art education in the Soviet academies until 1990, providing a
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sculpture replaced the figure in public settings and architects almost completely stopped using sculpture in or on their designs. Modern sculptors (21st century) use both classical and abstract inspired designs. Beginning in the 1980s, there was a swing back toward figurative public sculpture; by
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are not known for their sculpture. However, one style from the region is pole sculptures, carved in human shapes and decorated with geometric forms, while the tops are carved with figures of animals, people, and various objects. These poles are, then, placed next to graves and are associated with
3235:
After moving through a late 2nd-century "baroque" phase, in the 3rd century, Roman art largely abandoned, or simply became unable to produce, sculpture in the classical tradition, a change whose causes remain much discussed. Even the most important imperial monuments now showed stumpy, large-eyed
3154:
is very variously dated, but taken as a very rare survival of Italic style under the Republic, in the preferred medium of bronze. Similarly stern and forceful heads are seen on coins of the Late Republic, and in the Imperial period coins as well as busts sent around the Empire to be placed in the
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in Athens, where the remains of the pediment of around 520 using figures in the round were fortunately used as infill for new buildings after the Persian sack in 480 BCE, and recovered from the 1880s on in fresh unweathered condition. Other significant remains of architectural sculpture come from
1236:
Wood is light, so suitable for masks and other sculpture intended to be carried, and can take very fine detail. It is also much easier to work than stone. It has been very often painted after carving, but the paint wears less well than the wood, and is often missing in surviving pieces. Painted
666:
of about 3,000 years ago. East Asian portrait sculpture was entirely religious, with leading clergy being commemorated with statues, especially the founders of monasteries, but not rulers, or ancestors. The Mediterranean tradition revived, initially only for tomb effigies and coins, in the Middle
6161:
but also in the history of Buddhist statues in Japan. Jōchō redefined the body shape of Buddha statues by perfecting the technique of "yosegi zukuri" (寄木造り) which is a combination of several woods. The peaceful expression and graceful figure of the Buddha statue that he made completed a Japanese
2119:
from Dynasty I. However, there as elsewhere the convention is not used for minor figures shown engaged in some activity, such as the captives and corpses. Other conventions make statues of males darker than females ones. Very conventionalized portrait statues appear from as early as Dynasty II,
4565:
pose, borrowed from classical sculpture. It differs from previous representations of the subject in that David is depicted before his battle with Goliath and not after the giant's defeat. Instead of being shown victorious, as Donatello and Verocchio had done, David looks tense and battle ready.
1220:
has been extremely widely practiced, but survives much less well than the other main materials, being vulnerable to decay, insect damage, and fire. It therefore forms an important hidden element in the art history of many cultures. Outdoor wood sculpture does not last long in most parts of the
674:
Animals are, with the human figure, the earliest subject for sculpture, and have always been popular, sometimes realistic, but often imaginary monsters; in China animals and monsters are almost the only traditional subjects for stone sculpture outside tombs and temples. The kingdom of plants is
3265:
found in both monuments the same "stubby proportions, angular movements, an ordering of parts through symmetry and repetition and a rendering of features and drapery folds through incisions rather than modelling... The hallmark of the style wherever it appears consists of an emphatic hardness,
1053:
is a group of manufacturing processes by which a liquid material (bronze, copper, glass, aluminum, iron) is (usually) poured into a mould, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify. The solid casting is then ejected or broken out to complete the process,
3979:, and does not entirely fit with the development of style in sculpture in either its start or finish. The facades of large churches, especially around doors, continued to have large typanums, but also rows of sculpted figures spreading around them. The statues on the Western (Royal) Portal at
1018:
is often called simply a "bronze". Common bronze alloys have the unusual and desirable property of expanding slightly just before they set, thus filling the finest details of a mould. Their strength and lack of brittleness (ductility) is an advantage when figures in action are to be created,
7527:-speaking peoples of the same region make pieces of wood with broad, flat surfaces and arms and legs are shaped like cylinders. In Central Africa, however, the main distinguishing characteristics include heart-shaped faces that are curved inward and display patterns of circles and dots.
9712:
4078:
altar reliefs in groups of panels over much of Europe for economical parishes who could not afford stone retables. Small carvings, for a mainly lay and often female market, became a considerable industry in Paris and some other centres. Types of ivories included small devotional
8922:
1360:. Some sculptors maintained large workshops. Even in the Renaissance the physical nature of the work was perceived by Leonardo da Vinci and others as pulling down the status of sculpture in the arts, though the reputation of Michelangelo perhaps put this long-held idea to rest.
5224:'s nudes the idealist aspect of the movement. The Neoclassical period was one of the great ages of public sculpture, though its "classical" prototypes were more likely to be Roman copies of Hellenistic sculptures. In sculpture, the most familiar representatives are the Italian
5058:(1647–1652). Much Baroque sculpture added extra-sculptural elements, for example, concealed lighting, or water fountains, or fused sculpture and architecture to create a transformative experience for the viewer. Artists saw themselves as in the classical tradition, but admired
661:
In other cultures such as Egypt and the Near East public statues were almost exclusively the preserve of the ruler, with other wealthy people only being portrayed in their tombs. Rulers are typically the only people given portraits in Pre-Columbian cultures, beginning with the
4884:(1543) was his first sculpture, and shows his talent at its best. As these examples show, the period extended the range of secular subjects for large works beyond portraits, with mythological figures especially favoured; previously these had mostly been found in small works.
3138:(146 BCE), and sculptors continued to be mostly Greeks, often slaves, whose names are very rarely recorded. Vast numbers of Greek statues were imported to Rome, whether as booty or the result of extortion or commerce, and temples were often decorated with re-used Greek works.
2721:, a colossal bronze figure that stood next to the Parthenon; all of these are lost but are known from many representations. He is also credited as the creator of some life-size bronze statues known only from later copies whose identification is controversial, including the
4050:
around 1400. Late Gothic sculpture continued in the North, with a fashion for very large wooden sculpted altarpieces with increasingly virtuoso carving and large numbers agitated expressive figures; most surviving examples are in Germany, after much iconoclasm elsewhere.
3802:
are superb examples, very different in style, of metal casting, the former highly intricate and energetic, drawing on manuscript painting, while the font shows the Mosan style at its most classical and majestic. The bronze doors, a triumphal column and other fittings at
8826:
10666:
are usually carved out of a single block of snow about 6 to 15 feet (1.8 to 4.6 m) on each side and weighing about 20–30 tons. The snow is densely packed into a form after having been produced by artificial means or collected from the ground after a snowfall.
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9420:
at the beginning of the century paved the way for later abstract sculpture. In revolt against the naturalism of Rodin and his late-19th-century contemporaries, Brâncuși distilled subjects down to their essences as illustrated by the elegantly refined forms of his
3032:
2858:
initially controlled most of the South. Hellenistic art, and artists, spread very widely, and was especially influential in the expanding Roman Republic and when it encountered Buddhism in the easternmost extensions of the Hellenistic area. The massive so-called
7465:
Historically, with the exception of some monumental Egyptian sculpture, most African sculpture was created in wood and other organic materials that have not survived from earlier than a few centuries ago; older pottery figures are found from a number of areas.
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3781:
Objects in precious materials such as ivory and metal had a very high status in the period, much more so than monumental sculpture — we know the names of more makers of these than painters, illuminators or architect-masons. Metalwork, including decoration in
901:. Owing to the permanence of the material, evidence can be found that even the earliest societies indulged in some form of stone work, though not all areas of the world have such abundance of good stone for carving as Egypt, Greece, India and most of Europe.
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Native Chinese religions do not usually use cult images of deities, or even represent them, and large religious sculpture is nearly all Buddhist, dating mostly from the 4th to the 14th century, and initially using Greco-Buddhist models arriving via the
3358:
690:
One form of sculpture found in many prehistoric cultures around the world is specially enlarged versions of ordinary tools, weapons or vessels created in impractical precious materials, for either some form of ceremonial use or display or as offerings.
9171:
foundation for expressive figurative art throughout eastern Europe and parts of the Middle East. By 2000, the European classical tradition retains a wide appeal to the public but awaits an educational tradition to revive its contemporary development.
6138:
terracotta figures of humans and animals in a simplistic style were erected outside important tombs. The arrival of Buddhism in the 6th century brought with it sophisticated traditions in sculpture, Chinese styles mediated via Korea. The 7th-century
3768:
Romanesque art was characterised by a very vigorous style in both sculpture and painting. The capitals of columns were never more exciting than in this period, when they were often carved with complete scenes with several figures. The large wooden
3207:
were cheaper pottery versions of marble reliefs and the taste for relief was from the imperial period expanded to the sarcophagus. All forms of luxury small sculpture continued to be patronized, and quality could be extremely high, as in the silver
350:
Another basic distinction is between subtractive carving techniques, which remove material from an existing block or lump, for example of stone or wood, and modelling techniques which shape or build up the work from the material. Techniques such as
3273:
was adopted by the Roman state and the great majority of the people, leading to the end of large religious sculpture, with large statues now only used for emperors. However, rich Christians continued to commission reliefs for sarcophagi, as in the
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rivers" in West Africa. Direct images of deities are relatively infrequent, but masks in particular are or were often made for religious ceremonies; today many are made for tourists as "airport art". African masks were an influence on European
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in modern Lebanon, was probably made there at the start of the period by expatriate Greek artists for a Hellenized Persian governor. The wealth of the period led to a greatly increased production of luxury forms of small sculpture, including
2197:
6528:
are probably slightly later. Later large-scale sculpture remains almost exclusively religious, and generally rather conservative, often reverting to simple frontal standing poses for deities, though the attendant spirits such as apsaras and
8546:
7304:, there are animals within the dense arabesques in high relief, and figures of animals and men in mostly low relief are found in conjunction with decoration on many later pieces in various materials, including metalwork, ivory and ceramics.
6484:
he erected around India, carrying his edicts and topped by famous sculptures of animals, mostly lions, of which six survive. Large amounts of figurative sculpture, mostly in relief, survive from Early Buddhist pilgrimage stupas, above all
2615:
7253:
2162:, and so we have a good number of less conventionalized statues of well-off administrators and their wives, many in wood as Egypt is one of the few places in the world where the climate allows wood to survive over millennia. The so-called
5868:
5596:
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for the two World Wars, but from the 1950s the public and commissioning bodies became more comfortable with Modernist sculpture and large public commissions both abstract and figurative became common. Picasso was commissioned to make a
2681:
The "High Classical" period lasted only a few decades from about 450 to 400, but has had a momentous influence on art, and retains a special prestige, despite a very restricted number of original survivals. The best known works are the
2166:, plain hairless heads, are especially naturalistic. Early tombs also contained small models of the slaves, animals, buildings and objects such as boats necessary for the deceased to continue his lifestyle in the afterworld, and later
1074:). Casting is most often used for making complex shapes that would be otherwise difficult or uneconomical to make by other methods. The oldest surviving casting is a copper Mesopotamian frog from 3200 BCE. Specific techniques include
8479:
labourers. Later, artists trained in the Western academic tradition followed European styles until in the late 19th century they began to draw again on indigenous influences, notably in the Mexican baroque grotesque style known as
7499:
which thrived between 500 BCE and 500 CE in modern Nigeria, with clay figures typically with elongated bodies and angular shapes. Later West African cultures developed bronze casting for reliefs to decorate palaces like the famous
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but based in Florence, excelled in the later part of the century, also creating life-size sculptures, of which two joined the collection in the Piazza della Signoria. He and his followers devised elegant elongated examples of the
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the 18th century or earlier sculpture also attracted middle-class students, although it was slower to do so than painting. Women sculptors took longer to appear than women painters, and were less prominent until the 20th century.
3744:
was the first medieval style to be used in the whole of Western Europe. The new cathedrals and pilgrim's churches were increasingly decorated with architectural stone reliefs, and new focuses for sculpture developed, such as the
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1586:, made of lime plaster and reeds, and about half life-size; there are 15 statues, some with two heads side by side, and 15 busts. Small clay figures of people and animals are found at many sites across the Near East from the
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periods there was the beginnings of a production of monumental statues, in courts and major churches. This gradually spread; by the late 10th and 11th century there are records of several apparently life-size sculptures in
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6235:. In the 19th century there were export industries of small bronze sculptures of extreme virtuosity, ivory and porcelain figurines, and other types of small sculpture, increasingly emphasizing technical accomplishment.
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2735:, and developed increasingly complex and subtle poses that were interesting when viewed from a number of angles, as well as more expressive faces; both trends were to be taken much further in the Hellenistic period.
1180:
Pottery is one of the oldest materials for sculpture, as well as clay being the medium in which many sculptures cast in metal are originally modelled for casting. Sculptors often build small preliminary works called
2147:, a typical scheme, though here exceptionally large. Small figures of deities, or their animal personifications, are very common, and found in popular materials such as pottery. Most larger sculpture survives from
10589:
7377:
3004:
2427:
During the 6th century Greek sculpture developed rapidly, becoming more naturalistic, and with much more active and varied figure poses in narrative scenes, though still within idealized conventions. Sculptured
4463:, which took him from 1425 to 1452, and are dazzlingly confident classicizing compositions with varied depths of relief allowing extensive backgrounds. The intervening years had seen Ghiberti's early assistant
362:, meaning either or both of sculpture that is large, or that is attached to a building. But the term properly covers many types of small works in three dimensions using the same techniques, including coins and
2252:
1403:
has consistently rejected nearly all figurative sculpture, except for very small figures in reliefs and some animal figures that fulfill a useful function, like the famous lions supporting a fountain in the
589:
The collecting of sculpture, including that of earlier periods, goes back some 2,000 years in Greece, China and Mesoamerica, and many collections were available on semi-public display long before the modern
9358:
revolutionized the art of sculpture when he began creating his constructions fashioned by combining disparate objects and materials into one constructed piece of sculpture; the sculptural equivalent of the
6162:
style of sculpture of Buddha statues called "Jōchō yō" (Jōchō style, 定朝様) and determined the style of Japanese Buddhist statues of the later period. His achievement dramatically raised the social status of
657:
c. 2144–2124 BCE. In ancient Greece and Rome, the erection of a portrait statue in a public place was almost the highest mark of honour, and the ambition of the elite, who might also be depicted on a coin.
6364:
3174:
The Romans did not generally attempt to compete with free-standing Greek works of heroic exploits from history or mythology, but from early on produced historical works in relief, culminating in the great
12268:
10422:
9504:
characteristic of much new modernist sculpture. Collaborative projects with landscape designers, architects, and landscape architects expanded the outdoor site and contextual integration. Artists such as
8735:
7060:
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3994:
portal, from 1215 to 1220, show a more naturalistic style and increasing detachment from the wall behind, and some awareness of the classical tradition. These trends were continued in the west portal at
2328:
10374:
7494:
in modern Sudan was in close and often hostile contact with Egypt, and produced monumental sculpture mostly derivative of styles to the north. In West Africa, the earliest known sculptures are from the
10654:
is a form of ephemeral sculpture that uses ice as the raw material. It is popular in China, Japan, Canada, Sweden, and Russia. Ice sculptures feature decoratively in some cuisines, especially in Asia.
10671:
take the form of indoor sound installations, outdoor installations such as aeolian harps, automatons, or be more or less near conventional musical instruments. Sound sculpture is often site-specific.
1901:
of about 3000–2800 BCE, part human and part lioness. A little later there are a number of figures of large-eyed priests and worshippers, mostly in alabaster and up to a foot high, who attended temple
10985:
7968:
3927:
3827:
forms; surviving examples are mostly in brass. Many wax impressions from impressive seals survive on charters and documents, although Romanesque coins are generally not of great aesthetic interest.
2791:, from which it takes its name, but the very wealthy kings of that state were among the first to collect and also copy Classical sculpture, and also commissioned much new work, including the famous
2279:
1154:
may be used for sculpture through a wide range of working techniques, though the use of it for large works is a recent development. It can be carved, though with considerable difficulty; the Roman
7766:
6026:
4912:
4199:
2843:
sprawled asleep, presumably after drink, is an example of the moral relaxation of the period, and the readiness to create large and expensive sculptures of subjects that fall short of the heroic.
2487:
7397:
3587:, though producing superb ivory reliefs and architectural decorative carving, never returned to monumental sculpture, or even much small sculpture in the round. However, in the West during the
8339:
6476:. Thus the great tradition of Indian monumental sculpture in stone appears to begin, relative to other cultures, and the development of Indian civilization, relatively late, with the reign of
3418:
9845:
7908:
9096:). Several different directions in the classical tradition were taken as the century turned, but the study of the live model and the post-Renaissance tradition was still fundamental to them.
6738:
1166:
and/or hot sculpted with hand tools either as a solid mass or as part of a blown object. More recent techniques involve chiseling and bonding plate glass with polymer silicates and UV light.
6954:
6925:
1693:
1546:
in Europe figurative sculpture greatly reduced, and remained a less common element in art than relief decoration of practical objects until the Roman period, despite some works such as the
5246:
5036:
continuation of the Renaissance move away from the relief to sculpture created in the round, and designed to be placed in the middle of a large space—elaborate fountains such as Bernini's
4980:
2475:
226:) from ancient cultures, though conversely traditions of sculpture in wood may have vanished almost entirely. However, most ancient sculpture was brightly painted, and this has been lost.
7307:
Figures of animals in the round were often acceptable for works used in private contexts if the object was clearly practical, so medieval Islamic art contains many metal animals that are
9733:
8450:, where a group of elaborate and highly stylized formal styles developed forming the basis of a tradition that continues today. In addition to the famous totem poles, painted and carved
8606:
6898:
2878:
2593:
6795:
4600:
4247:
5974:
2894:
1960:, or ones probably commemorating victories and showing feasts, are also found from temples, which unlike more official ones lack inscriptions that would explain them; the fragmentary
11139:
Cook, 147; he notes that ancient Greek copyists seem to have used many fewer points than some later ones, and copies often vary considerably in the composition as well as the finish.
8890:
6892:
Christian and Islamic sculptures elsewhere. In later periods Chinese influence predominated in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, and more wooden sculpture survives from across the region.
2927:
7944:
1316:
became famous, they appear to have retained much the same social status as other artisans, and perhaps not much greater financial rewards, although some signed their works. In the
6769:
5122:
12803:
10018:
9555:, which reduces sculpture to its most essential and fundamental features, predominated. Some works of the period are: the Cubi works of David Smith, and the welded steel works of
9039:
8636:
331:. Relief is the usual sculptural medium for large figure groups and narrative subjects, which are difficult to accomplish in the round, and is the typical technique used both for
3541:
reliefs, as well as smaller objects such as the consular diptych. Such objects, often in valuable materials, were also the main sculptural traditions (as far as is known) of the
1253:
Three dimensional work incorporating unconventional materials such as cloth, fur, plastics, rubber and nylon, that can thus be stuffed, sewn, hung, draped or woven, are known as
8712:
8189:
5913:
11124:
8802:
4572:
1816:
10542:
8587:
4503:, but only succeeded in making a 24-foot (7.3 m) clay model which was destroyed by French archers in 1499, and his other ambitious sculptural plans were never completed.
11212:
9925:
8225:
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8691:
5163:
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of statues for the first time. Like other works of his, and other Mannerists, it removes far more of the original block than Michelangelo would have done. Cellini's bronze
1716:
1539:
in France, where around 12–17,000 years ago a masterful sculptor used a spatula-like stone tool and fingers to model a pair of large bison in clay against a limestone rock.
9500:(1967). His design was ambiguous and somewhat controversial, and what the figure represents is not clear; it could be a bird, a horse, a woman or a totally abstract shape.
4171:
1944:, relatively small figures in the round, and reliefs of various sizes, including cheap plaques of moulded pottery for the home, some religious and some apparently not. The
1481:, the people of this culture developed finely-crafted stone tools, manufacturing pendants, bracelets, ivory beads, and bone-flutes, as well as three-dimensional figurines.
7619:
3888:
2518:
1972:
empire. Unlike earlier states, the Assyrians could use easily carved stone from northern Iraq, and did so in great quantity. The Assyrians developed a style of extremely
1952:
plaque of a naked winged goddess with the feet of a bird of prey, and attendant owls and lions. It comes from the 18th or 19th century BCE, and may also be moulded. Stone
10481:
8973:
5722:
Small Buddhist figures and groups were produced to a very high quality in a range of media, as was relief decoration of all sorts of objects, especially in metalwork and
4308:
3740:
Beginning in roughly 1000 A.D., there was a rebirth of artistic production in all Europe, led by general economic growth in production and commerce, and the new style of
3195:("Altar of Peace", 13 BCE) represents the official Greco-Roman style at its most classical and refined. Among other major examples are the earlier re-used reliefs on the
11654:
6566:
5292:
5271:
2915:
2544:
2128:, and some other periods such as Dynasty XII, the idealized features of rulers, like other Egyptian artistic conventions, changed little until after the Greek conquest.
1639:
8205:
5852:
5518:
3662:
2309:
9887:
972:
The copying of an original statue in stone, which was very important for ancient Greek statues, which are nearly all known from copies, was traditionally achieved by "
7231:
6533:
often have sensuously curving poses. Carving is often highly detailed, with an intricate backing behind the main figure in high relief. The celebrated bronzes of the
4014:, with unmistakable influence from Roman sarcophagi and sophisticated and crowded compositions, including a sympathetic handling of nudity, in relief panels on their
2506:
10040:
5534:
3322:
9951:
9163:
in Germany and Matveyev in Russia. Over the 70 years of the USSR, new generations of sculptors were trained and chosen within their system, and a distinct style,
3392:
9017:
1304:
Worldwide, sculptors have usually been tradespeople whose work is unsigned; in some traditions, for example China, where sculpture did not share the prestige of
5141:
3867:
9367:
led to things occasionally being described as "sculpture" that would not have been so previously, such as "involuntary sculpture" in several senses, including
7187:
7090:
1535:, although they are outnumbered by engraved pieces, which are sometimes classified as sculpture. Two of the largest prehistoric sculptures can be found at the
5081:
as in the late Middle Ages. Statues of rulers and the nobility became increasingly popular. In the 18th century much sculpture continued on Baroque lines—the
3873:
3799:
14108:
11361:
9671:
8863:
6865:. Both of these include many reliefs as well as figures in the round; Borobudur has 2,672 relief panels, 504 Buddha statues, many semi-concealed in openwork
3678:
2224:
872:
527:
brought the sculpture of religious figures to East Asia, where there seems to have been no earlier equivalent tradition, though again simple shapes like the
10982:
7817:
6615:
4664:
5236:. The European neoclassical manner also took hold in the United States, where its pinnacle occurred somewhat later and is exemplified in the sculptures of
4031:
3604:. No Anglo-Saxon example has survived, and survivals of large non-architectural sculpture from before 1,000 are exceptionally rare. Much the finest is the
2212:
1088:
is a process where different pieces of metal are fused together to create different shapes and designs. There are many different forms of welding, such as
571:, some more than twice human size, have disturbed many ideas held about early Chinese civilization, since only much smaller bronzes were previously known.
389:
of a rider on horse, which has become rare in recent decades. The smallest forms of life-size portrait sculpture are the "head", showing just that, or the
9690:
7215:
7109:
4091:, used as engagement presents. The very wealthy collected extravagantly elaborate jewelled and enamelled metalwork, both secular and religious, like the
9801:
8948:
7361:
5103:
4844:, which in sculpture essentially meant Michelangelo, and much of the struggle to achieve this was played out in commissions to fill other places in the
9973:
8008:
6873:
5790:
5573:
222:
Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable materials, and often represents the majority of the surviving works (other than
12777:
8775:
7131:
2111:
of ancient Egypt is world-famous, but refined and delicate small works exist in much greater numbers. The Egyptians used the distinctive technique of
2032:
207:, there has been almost complete freedom of materials and process. A wide variety of materials may be worked by removal such as carving, assembled by
15032:
14811:
8037:
4128:
11007:
10105:
7014:
5094:
3711:
730:
The materials used in sculpture are diverse, changing throughout history. The classic materials, with outstanding durability, are metal, especially
355:, stamping and moulding use an intermediate matrix containing the design to produce the work; many of these allow the production of several copies.
12012:
10519:
7161:
6089:
2945:
7341:
2420:". They seem to have served a number of functions, perhaps sometimes representing deities and sometimes the person buried in a grave, as with the
2000:
14761:
14561:
11081:
the first living figure to be portrayed; under the emperors portraits of the Imperial family became standard. See Burnett, 34–35; Howgego, 63–70.
9080:
Modern classicism contrasted in many ways with the classical sculpture of the 19th century which was characterized by commitments to naturalism (
10500:
10449:
9430:
Brâncuși's impact, with his vocabulary of reduction and abstraction, is seen throughout the 1930s and 1940s, and exemplified by artists such as
6413:
5069:
brought an almost total stop to religious sculpture in much of Northern Europe, and though secular sculpture, especially for portrait busts and
4714:
3236:
figures in a harsh frontal style, in simple compositions emphasizing power at the expense of grace. The contrast is famously illustrated in the
794:(spelter). But a vast number of other materials have been used as part of sculptures, in ethnographic and ancient works as much as modern ones.
707:, and in early Mesopotamia large pottery shapes were produced in stone. Bronze was used in Europe and China for large axes and blades, like the
11259:
10308:
is art in which the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. Works include
6329:
4230:
4088:
3787:
1054:
although a final stage of "cold work" may follow on the finished cast. Casting may be used to form hot liquid metals or various materials that
311:, which are at least partly attached to a background surface. Relief is often classified by the degree of projection from the wall into low or
8287:
7554:. Southern Africa's oldest known clay figures date from 400 to 600 CE and have cylindrical heads with a mixture of human and animal features.
6845:
The sculpture of the region tends to be characterised by a high degree of ornamentation, as seen in the great monuments of Hindu and Buddhist
3346:
12682:
7643:
4630:
10062:
8244:
6264:
6191:
of Buddhist statues, created realistic and dynamic statues to suit the tastes of samurai, and Japanese Buddhist sculpture reached its peak.
2139:
another deity; however the other deities are frequently shown in paintings and reliefs. The famous row of four colossal statues outside the
13995:
12605:
12564:
11275:
7631:
7560:
5317:
4959:
3141:
A native Italian style can be seen in the tomb monuments, which very often featured portrait busts, of prosperous middle-class Romans, and
2827:
as children with animals, were in fact placed in temples or other public places. For a much more popular home decoration market there were
1772:
582:
seems to have been progressing towards its use, with small stone figures, when it collapsed. Other cultures, such as ancient Egypt and the
179:. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the
5822:
Gold stag with eagle's head, and ten further heads in the antlers. An object inspired by the art of the Siberian Altai mountain, possibly
1666:
8162:
7659:
7523:
Many West African figures are used in religious rituals and are often coated with materials placed on them for ceremonial offerings. The
6295:
5748:
4876:
is certainly a masterpiece, designed with eight angles of view, another Mannerist characteristic, but is indeed mannered compared to the
2973:
1797:
13434:
11077:
began the Hellenistic tradition of ruler-portraits on coins, and the Romans began to show dead politicians in the 1st century BCE, with
8446:
and a variety of other uses, with distinct variation between different cultures and regions. The most developed styles are those of the
7594:
7575:
4938:
4777:
2424:. They are clearly influenced by Egyptian and Syrian styles, but the Greek artists were much more ready to experiment within the style.
801:, but commonly lose their paint to time, or restorers. Many different painting techniques have been used in making sculpture, including
563:
is considered a mark of a relatively advanced culture in terms of social organization. Recent unexpected discoveries of ancient Chinese
11030:
9906:
8493:
4282:
2206:(Mycerinus) and queen, Old Kingdom, Dynasty 4, 2490–2472 BCE. The formality of the pose is reduced by the queen's arm round her husband
1645:
8469:
and other mostly church sculptures in a variety of hybrid styles. The most famous of such examples in Canada is the altar area of the
1913:
period generally had large, staring eyes, and long beards on the men. Many masterpieces have also been found at the Royal Cemetery at
14816:
14101:
11183:
11121:
7786:
4459:
survive. Ghiberti's doors are still in place, but were undoubtedly eclipsed by his second pair for the other entrance, the so-called
4084:
11208:
5726:. In the earlier periods, large quantities of sculpture were cut from the living rock in pilgrimage cave-complexes, and as outside
2016:
271:. Modernist sculpture moved away from traditional processes and the emphasis on the depiction of the human body, with the making of
12867:
12597:
11683:
8317:
8302:
7801:
4621:
1225:
tradition developed. Many of the most important sculptures of China and Japan in particular are in wood, and the great majority of
8263:
5954:
1197:
have often been as popular as they are in modern Western culture. Stamps and moulds were used by most ancient civilizations, from
14524:
12848:
9151:. As the century progressed, modern classicism was adopted as the national style of the two great European totalitarian empires:
5360:
4592:
2135:
were always regarded as deities, but other deities are much less common in large statues, except when they represent the pharaoh
6657:
3908:
12365:
12350:
8996:
1990:
showing a campaign. They produced very little sculpture in the round, except for colossal guardian figures of the human-headed
6134:
figures were produced, many with the characteristic "snow-goggle" eyes. During the Kofun period of the 3rd to 6th century CE,
3823:, a container for water to wash with, appears to have been introduced to Europe in the 11th century, and often took fantastic
3750:
13382:
13353:
13338:
13293:
13261:
13249:
13235:
13207:
13190:
13018:
12944:
12738:
12719:
12714:, Author Edward Lucie-Smith, Edition illustrated, Publisher Harry N. Abrams, 1997, Original from the University of Michigan,
11783:
11477:
11431:
11407:
11310:
11243:
11043:
10388:
9939:
8120:
905:(also called rock engravings) are perhaps the earliest form: images created by removing part of a rock surface which remains
840:
makes his unusually ephemeral sculptures from almost entirely natural materials in natural settings. Some sculpture, such as
12293:
10731:
in the rain chemically reacts with the calcium compounds in the stones (limestone, sandstone, marble and granite) to create
5195:
4266:
3786:, became very sophisticated, and many spectacular shrines made to hold relics have survived, of which the best known is the
3113:, themselves greatly influenced by their Greek trading partners. An Etruscan speciality was near life size tomb effigies in
2815:(illustrated at top), which we know was part of a group actually commissioned for Pergamon in about 228 BCE, from which the
2567:
14838:
14094:
13881:
13470:
12821:
11057:
8174:
7520:
and so with a narrative element rare in African sculpture, and royal regalia included impressive gold sculptured elements.
6805:
6436:
6310:
6279:
2156:
7893:
7296:
decoration in relief or openwork, based on vegetable motifs, but tending to geometrical abstract forms. In the very early
4699:
3773:
was a German innovation right at the start of the period, as were free-standing statues of the enthroned Madonna, but the
14960:
14276:
10084:
9156:
8105:
6130:
were "flame-rimmed" with extravagant extensions to the rim that can only be called sculptural, and very stylized pottery
4438:
3937:
3804:
542:
Small sculptures as personal possessions go back to the earliest prehistoric art, and the use of very large sculpture as
8132:
6876:, often gilded, both large for temples and monasteries, and small figurines for private homes. Traditional sculpture in
5498:
5449:, which was to extend to the rest of South-East Asia. The influence of Greco-Buddhist art also spread northward towards
5077:
has no significant sculptural component outside goldsmithing. Partly in direct reaction, sculpture was as prominent in
1395:, which initially accepted large sculptures. In Christianity and Buddhism, sculpture became very significant. Christian
14970:
14860:
11095:
8512:
8415:
6586:
4725:
4105:
3642:
2702:
12325:
11153:
11005:"Gods in Color: Painted Sculpture of Classical Antiquity" September 2007 to January 2008, The Arthur M. Sackler Museum
9663:
8275:
6641:
477:
15028:
14794:
14043:
13368:
13324:
13307:
13221:
13175:
13158:
13144:
13127:
13110:
13096:
13082:
13067:
13053:
13036:
13004:
12987:
12973:
12959:
12930:
12913:
12896:
12665:
10948:
10396:
9782:
8746:
6404:
5553:
5204:
4675:
3636:
reliefs of Christian Great Britain, were northern sculptural traditions that bridged the period of Christianization.
4151:
3754:
15091:
15024:
14995:
14938:
11357:
9610:
During the 1960s and 1970s figurative sculpture by modernist artists in stylized forms was made by artists such as
8901:
7753:
7331:. The degree of acceptability of such relaxations of strict Islamic rules varies between periods and regions, with
6143:
and its contents have survived more intact than any East Asian Buddhist temple of its date, with works including a
4474:
1965:
515:, of which none have survived, were evidently rather small, even in the largest temples. The same is often true in
8527:
and others became popular. By the 1950s, traditional sculpture education would almost be completely replaced by a
8147:
5838:. Possibly from the "Hun people who lived in the prairie in Northern China". Dated to the 4th-3rd century BCE, or
3778:
in Romanesque art. Figures still often varied in size in relation to their importance portraiture hardly existed.
3125:
began to conquer Greek territory, at first in Southern Italy and then the entire Hellenistic world except for the
578:, appear to have had no monumental sculpture at all, though producing very sophisticated figurines and seals. The
10581:
8813:
8726:
4949:
4872:
3999:
of a few years later, where the figures are almost in the round, as became usual as Gothic spread across Europe.
3762:
7675:
1340:. Goldsmiths and jewellers, dealing with precious materials and often doubling as bankers, belonged to powerful
10204:
8679:
8500:
8470:
8033:
6964:
5895:
4059:
and others continued the style well into the 16th century, gradually absorbing Italian Renaissance influences.
3425:
3246:
2901:
2755:
1193:. Many cultures have produced pottery which combines a function as a vessel with a sculptural form, and small
481:
140:
15086:
14948:
14637:
12918:
10768:
10553:
9264:
9244:
8647:
7935:
7721:
5934:
5708:
4829:
4507:
monuments became common. Portrait sculpture, usually in busts, became popular in Italy around 1450, with the
4442:
4191:
4019:
12765:
12733:, Author Ann Lee Morgan, Publisher Oxford University Press, 2007, Original from the University of Michigan,
11713:
9062:
876:
Modern plaster recreation of the original painted appearance of a Late Archaic Greek marble figure from the
586:, seem to have devoted enormous resources to very large-scale monumental sculpture from a very early stage.
14965:
14799:
14601:
14012:
13852:
13312:
6760:
4043:
3497:
3278:, and very small sculpture, especially in ivory, was continued by Christians, building on the style of the
3275:
2953:
2342:
1532:
758:
statues. More common and less expensive materials were used for sculpture for wider consumption, including
503:
are common in many cultures, though they are often not the colossal statues of deities which characterized
13412:
9451:
7760:
at Lalibela containing intricate carvings, was built in the 10th–13th centuries as proven by archaeology.
4866:
to "a sack of melons", though it had a long-lasting effect in apparently introducing relief panels on the
3971:
French ivory Virgin and Child, end of 13th century, 25 cm high, curving to fit the shape of the ivory tusk
2779:
in 146 BCE or with the final defeat of the last remaining successor-state to Alexander's empire after the
14955:
14933:
14754:
12572:
11004:
9931:
9879:
8741:
8454:
were complemented by carved posts inside and out, as well as mortuary figures and other items. Among the
6824:
Sculpture of Guardian at the entrance of the Mandapam of Sri Jalagandeeswarar Temple, Vellore, Tamil Nadu
5394:
5333:
5023:
4991:
4970:
3720:, 1166, the first large hollow casting of a figure since antiquity, 1.78 metres tall and 2.79 metres long
3537:
were opposed to monumental religious sculpture, though continuing Roman traditions in portrait busts and
2239:
1159:
13139:, 1st ed. 1982 (many later editions), Macmillan, London, page refs to 1984 Macmillan 1st ed. paperback.
12754:
12010:
4402:
856:, tools, machine parts, hardware and consumer packaging to fashion their works. Sculptors sometimes use
14980:
14865:
13399:
10054:
9770:
9704:
9100:
was the most renowned European sculptor of the early 20th century. He is often considered a sculptural
9031:
8818:
8593:
6884:. As elsewhere in the region, most of the wood sculptures of the Bagan and Ava periods have been lost.
6676:
5490:
5263:
4765:
2937:
2835:
and the Pergamon group celebrating victory over the Gauls became popular, having been rare before. The
2796:
2760:
2695:
2638:
2536:
2404:
cultures developed sculpture further, under influence from Syria and elsewhere, but it is in the later
1734:
861:
755:
31:
13168:
Byzantine art in the making: main lines of stylistic development in Mediterranean art, 3rd–7th century
8845:), Paris 1881. Copy from 1953 in bronze by C & A Nicci (Rome/Italy) placed in Rottneros Park near
7516:
are a form of small metal sculptures produced over the period 1400–1900, some apparently representing
5734:
painters, sculptors of all sorts were regarded as artisans and very few names are recorded. From the
4840:
sculpture was very largely an attempt to find an original style that would top the achievement of the
4533:
Michelangelo was an active sculptor from about 1500 to 1520, and his great masterpieces including his
4447:
Renaissance sculpture proper is often taken to begin with the famous competition for the doors of the
4074:
so large they had to be moved outside the church. By the 15th century there was an industry exporting
1973:
1344:
and had considerable status, often holding civic office. Many sculptors also practised in other arts;
667:
Ages, but expanded greatly in the Renaissance, which invented new forms such as the personal portrait
11382:
P. Mellars, Archeology and the Dispersal of Modern Humans in Europe: Deconstructing the Aurignacian,
10963:
10196:
10137:
8628:
8250:
7467:
6987:
6440:
6358:
sword fitting with a "Rabbit Viewing the Autumn Moon", bronze, gold and silver, between 1670 and 1744
5700:
5133:
5054:
5037:
4641:
4469:
3753:
with figures and often narrative scenes. Outstanding abbey churches with sculpture include in France
3729:
3617:
3184:
2698:
2091:
2060:
1982:
675:
important only in jewellery and decorative reliefs, but these form almost all the large sculpture of
575:
508:
335:, which is attached to buildings, and for small-scale sculpture decorating other objects, as in much
45:
10675:
have become another format for contemporary artists since the late 1990s, such as those produced by
9485:
Modernist sculptors largely missed out on the huge boom in public art resulting from the demand for
7732:. Christian imagery decorated churches during the Asksumite period and later eras. For instance, at
5093:, and interior decorative schemes in wood or plaster such as those in French domestic interiors and
5062:
and later Roman sculpture, rather than that of the more "Classical" periods as they are seen today.
4862:
from the master himself, but it was little more popular than it is now, and maliciously compared by
4518:
and others more often depicted knobbly-faced men of affairs, but also young children. The portrait
2191:, c. 3100 BCE, which already shows the canonical Egyptian profile view and proportions of the figure
253:
represented the agonies and passions of the Christian faith. The revival of classical models in the
15019:
15012:
14990:
14613:
13463:
13024:
10928:
10688:
10440:
10121:
9762:
9631:
9417:
9148:
8324:
8308:
7458:
6573:
6456:
6232:
5919:
4369:
3200:
2043:
696:
583:
449:
17:
12677:
7740:
were carved into the Church of Bet Golgotha; by tradition these were made during the reign of the
2412:
developed. These are large standing statues of naked youths, found in temples and tombs, with the
1209:
14943:
14804:
14461:
14269:
13528:
13493:
10953:
10943:
10856:
10635:
10200:
7388:
7293:
6596:
6460:
6408:
6400:
4925:
3746:
3601:
3329:
3084:
2671:
2385:
2361:
1392:
914:
622:. Small sculpted fittings for furniture and other objects go well back into antiquity, as in the
417:
404:
Modern and contemporary art have added a number of non-traditional forms of sculpture, including
378:
332:
230:
ancient Mediterranean, India and China, as well as many in Central and South America and Africa.
13912:
13866:
12561:
11272:
10727:
can also cause damage to certain building materials and historical monuments. This results when
6722:
6544:–1250) from south India, many designed to be carried in processions, include the iconic form of
4394:
4385:
3845:
and others, which has been attributed to one of the relatively few artists whose name is known,
3011:
2801:
2674:
since 1829 have revealed the largest group of remains, from about 460, of which many are in the
2666:
There are fewer original remains from the first phase of the Classical period, often called the
1602:
1485:
1040:
473:, where the concentration of resources on large sculpture may have had serious political effects
14975:
14918:
14742:
14243:
13893:
12658:
Rodin's Art: The Rodin Collection of the Iris & Gerald B. Cantor Center for the Visual Arts
10506:
10076:
9576:
9564:
9544:
9509:
9332:
9274:
9259:
9089:
8873:
8808:
8597:
6501:
5843:
5661:
5525:
5438:
5410:
5213:
5190:
5066:
4552:
4410:
4361:
4336:
4052:
4015:
3795:
3574:
3176:
2466:
2320:
1579:
1421:
595:
ability to transport and store the increasingly large works is a factor in their construction.
156:
13244:, Penguin (Pelican, now Yale, History of Art), 1968 (nb 1st ed.; early datings now superseded)
11397:
8094:
cultures. In the Andean region, sculptures were typically small, but often show superb skill.
2481:
Cycladic statue 2700–2300 BCE. Head from the figure of a woman, H. 27 centimetres (11 in)
358:
The term "sculpture" is often used mainly to describe large works, which are sometimes called
15002:
14923:
14908:
14669:
14556:
14519:
13988:
13935:
13619:
11467:
10938:
10487:
10357:
10271:
10188:
10180:
9619:
9572:
9548:
9300:
8642:
8385:
8346:
8231:
7852:
7757:
7745:
7551:
6387:
6053:
5775:
5711:
and later figures for temples and tombs. These came to replace earlier equivalents in wood.
5655:
5564:
5176:
5078:
5041:
4845:
4478:
4292:
4186:
3542:
3460:
3266:
heaviness and angularity—in short, an almost complete rejection of the classical tradition".
3229:
3225:
2860:
2374:
2230:
1961:
1823:
1782:
1587:
1555:
1345:
1274:
1198:
579:
126:
14788:
11027:
10148:
7315:
burners or supporters for fountains, as in the stone lions supporting the famous one in the
6258:; earthenware with carved and applied decoration; height: 61 cm, diameter: 55.8 cm
5687:
decoration, but avoid the human figure, unlike the huge figures only recently discovered at
5437:, in today's northern Pakistan, before spreading further into India, influencing the art of
3853:
are well-preserved examples of small ivories, of which many pieces or fragments remain from
3849:, who also illuminated manuscripts. Like many pieces it was originally partly coloured. The
2469:
in Copenhagen, Denmark, has done extensive research and recreation of the original colours.
1324:
sometimes signed their work, and were sought after by different cities, especially from the
14875:
14828:
14625:
14514:
14333:
14075:
14020:
13920:
13823:
13558:
13553:
10933:
10876:
10643:
10365:
10325:
10310:
10006:
9739:
9312:
8837:
8393:
8235:
8138:
7725:
7335:, Persia and India often leading relaxation, and is typically highest in courtly contexts.
7097:
7048:
6961:
6888:
6033:
5901:
5169:
5049:
5018:
4753:
4547:
4541:
4535:
4456:
4430:
4341:
4315:
4096:
4075:
4035:
3812:
3151:
2370:
2108:
2098:
1870:
1738:
910:
719:
663:
499:
One of the most common purposes of sculpture is in some form of association with religion.
421:
359:
267:
114:
11176:
10735:, which then flakes off. Severe air pollution also causes damage to historical monuments.
8070:
and metal as the civilizations in these areas became more technologically proficient. The
5774:
A tomb guardian usually placed inside the doors of the tomb to protect or guide the soul,
5089:
style was better suited to smaller works, and arguably found its ideal sculptural form in
397:, normally a statue that is no more than 18 inches (46 cm) tall, and for reliefs the
307:, not attached except possibly at the base to any other surface, and the various types of
8:
15081:
14928:
14892:
14870:
14749:
14664:
14303:
13594:
13456:
13428:
10758:
10380:
9081:
9007:
8458:
of the far north, traditional carving styles in ivory and soapstone are still continued.
8447:
8071:
8045:
7975:
7531:
6148:
6147:
of 623 in bronze, showing the historical Buddha flanked by two bodhisattvas and also the
5418:
5252:
5217:
4902:
4881:
4495:
4486:
3976:
3685:
3488:
3237:
3196:
3147:
2847:
2795:
whose sculpture is now mostly in Berlin and which exemplifies the new style, as do the
2772:
2622:
2397:
2081:
1937:
1547:
1516:
1501:
1470:
1444:
374:
13270:
Sickman, Laurence, in: Sickman L., & A. Soper, "The Art and Architecture of China",
12864:
12594:
11675:
10738:
At any time many contemporary sculptures have usually been on display in public places;
8939:
8461:
The arrival of European Catholic culture readily adapted local skills to the prevailing
8015:
6317:
3620:
around 800. These continued to grow in popularity, especially in Germany and Italy. The
1391:, which did not accept figurative sculpture until the 19th century, before expanding to
957:
is a soft mineral that is easy to carve for smaller works and still relatively durable.
546:, especially to impress the viewer with the power of a ruler, goes back at least to the
15076:
15050:
14833:
14659:
14509:
14262:
14070:
13941:
13887:
13845:
13686:
13548:
13115:
12992:
11253:
10914:
10812:
10659:
10577:
9836:
9812:
9443:
9409:
9167:, developed, that returned to the 19th century's emphasis on melodrama and naturalism.
9120:
8697:
8574:
8153:
7824:
7289:
6180:
6085:
5602:
5544:
5509:
5474:
5422:
5403:
5374:
5351:
5302:
5277:
5233:
4858:
4825:
4588:
4583:
4515:
4448:
4135:
4112:
3980:
3791:
3437:
3180:
3080:
2140:
1845:
1841:
1606:
782:, wax (a very common material for models for casting, and receiving the impressions of
393:, a representation of a person from the chest up. Small forms of sculpture include the
303:
A distinction exists between sculpture "in the round", free-standing sculpture such as
82:
71:
67:
13344:
Sobania, Neal W. (2012). "Lalibela", in Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Gates, Henry Louis Jr.,
13329:
Sobania, Neal W. (2012), "Lalibela", in Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Gates, Henry Louis Jr.,
12846:
8987:
7748:
in the 12th century, but they were more likely crafted in the 15th century during the
6754:
5155:
4257:
1948:
is an unusually elaborate and relatively large (20 x 15 inches, 50 x 37 cm)
15007:
14985:
14913:
14654:
14468:
14387:
14318:
14225:
13973:
13965:
13955:
13899:
13589:
13543:
13378:
13364:
13349:
13334:
13320:
13303:
13289:
13275:
13257:
13231:
13217:
13203:
13186:
13171:
13154:
13140:
13123:
13106:
13092:
13078:
13063:
13049:
13032:
13014:
13011:
Guardians of the Tradition: Historians and Historical Writing in Ethiopia and Eritrea
13000:
12983:
12969:
12955:
12940:
12926:
12909:
12892:
12734:
12715:
12661:
12353:
11779:
11748:
11473:
11453:
11427:
11403:
11335:
11306:
11239:
11039:
10923:
10720:
10647:
10631:
10168:
10164:
10157:
10116:
9696:
9584:
9475:
9435:
9191:
9164:
9160:
9128:
8979:
8910:
8702:
8566:
8196:
8087:
8041:
7749:
7324:
6995:
6592:
6481:
6187:
class virtually ruled Japan for the first time. Jocho's successors, sculptors of the
5739:
5703:. The tradition of unusually large pottery figures persisted in China, through Tang
5478:
5258:
5147:
5028:
5009:
4944:
4880:
s of Michelangelo and Donatello. Originally a goldsmith, his famous gold and enamel
4863:
4853:
4705:
4606:
4511:
4490:
4482:
4210:
4011:
3899:
3734:
3456:
3441:
3313:
3142:
2992:
2683:
2086:
1854:
1754:
1567:
1551:
1524:
1474:
1425:
1396:
1329:
1305:
1226:
918:
619:
615:
504:
437:
413:
386:
367:
212:
38:
12817:
11911:
Kitzinger, 9 (both quotes), more generally his Ch 1; Strong, 250–57, 264–66, 272–80.
11334:
Burford, Alison, "Greece, ancient, §IV, 1: Monumental sculpture: Overview, 5 c)" in
9871:
9375:, leading, with interest in historic pottery from around the world, to a revival of
8540:
2000, many of the new public pieces in the United States were figurative in design.
6834:
5393:, which developed over a period of close to 1000 years in Central Asia, between the
3232:
and small figurines were produced in great quantity and often considerable quality.
3179:
with continuous narrative reliefs winding around them, of which those commemorating
3121:
lid propped up on one elbow in the pose of a diner in that period. As the expanding
1473:, which was located in Europe and southwest Asia and active at the beginning of the
14887:
14689:
14684:
14674:
14473:
14343:
14028:
13671:
13609:
13538:
13508:
13498:
10958:
10893:
10861:
10842:
10807:
10787:
10782:
10763:
10699:
10676:
10548:
10299:
10259:
10248:
10172:
10111:
10068:
10024:
9912:
9893:
9723:
9588:
9560:
9556:
9529:
9513:
9463:
9459:
9348:
9296:
9227:
9207:
9136:
9116:
9053:
9045:
8789:
8656:
8652:
8570:
8485:
7872:
7844:
7793:
7737:
7713:
7513:
7238:
6210:
Almost all subsequent significant large sculpture in Japan was Buddhist, with some
5731:
5630:
5612:, in 1963 and in 2008 after they were dynamited and destroyed in March 2001 by the
5114:
5090:
5074:
4891:, often mythological subjects with nudes, were a popular Renaissance form at which
4841:
4818:
4578:
4452:
4206:
4023:
3878:
3724:
3625:
3570:
3546:
3365:
3279:
3168:
3043:
2828:
2780:
2717:
2707:
2600:
2583:
2454:
2413:
2401:
2377:
2023:
1919:
1699:
1364:
1353:
1089:
1075:
1024:
1015:
973:
877:
837:
825:
704:
650:
607:
445:
429:
390:
296:
272:
250:
242:
176:
13442:
Current research on polychromy on ancient sculpture at the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek
10211:
or 'earth art' environmental scale sculpture works exemplified by artists such as
9250:
9232:
9203:
9085:
8781:
8767:
7524:
6127:
3895:
15045:
14855:
14823:
14717:
14694:
14409:
14165:
14050:
13948:
13859:
13416:
13163:
13041:
12871:
12852:
12686:
12601:
12568:
12329:
12301:
12016:
11279:
11128:
11061:
11034:
11011:
10989:
10668:
10639:
10623:
10596:
10573:
10275:
10267:
10212:
10176:
10046:
9983:
9943:
9635:
9623:
9537:
9521:
9496:
9431:
9328:
9236:
9211:
9140:
9105:
9002:
8683:
8578:
8556:
8481:
7999:
7995:
7927:
7884:
7880:
7866:
7808:
7777:
7491:
7277:
7021:
6846:
6668:
6557:
6525:
6172:
5823:
5797:
5692:
5486:
5328:
5129:
4687:
4652:
4158:
4007:
3996:
3941:
3831:
3783:
3669:
3649:
3597:
3566:
3534:
3384:
3338:
3262:
3130:
3126:
3109:
Early Roman art was influenced by the art of Greece and that of the neighbouring
3070:
3054:–140 CE. Roman copy after a Greek bronze original of 330–320 BCE. Vatican Museums
3016:
2806:
2784:
2775:
in 323 BCE, and ending either with the final conquest of the Greek heartlands by
2768:
2723:
2694:, active from about 465–425, who was in his own day more famous for his colossal
2525:
2512:
Mycenae, 1600−1500 BCE. Silver rhyton with gold horns and rosette on the forehead
2244:
2148:
2007:
1957:
1910:
1890:
1618:
1512:
1508:
1489:
1349:
1337:
1258:
1175:
1145:
962:
890:
512:
409:
405:
382:
234:
14254:
11054:
10613:
9655:
6248:
6123:
3075:
2854:, and increasingly being adopted by European elites, especially in Italy, where
2743:
2416:
as the clothed female equivalent, with elaborately dressed hair; both have the "
1590:, and represent the start of a more-or-less continuous tradition in the region.
1536:
187:(the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in
14709:
14699:
14596:
14478:
14313:
14036:
14002:
13640:
13604:
13563:
13195:
12641:
The Indian Contribution to Architectural Decoration in Spanish Colonial America
12144:
10866:
10663:
10472:
10305:
10252:
10216:
9807:
9788:
9611:
9568:
9396:
9392:
9324:
9199:
9179:
9124:
9109:
8896:
8833:
8675:
8624:
8561:
8552:
7699:
7536:
7348:
7297:
7193:
7116:
6007:
5941:
5458:
5386:
5378:
5364:
5225:
5221:
5199:
5082:
4888:
4556:
4067:
3858:
3850:
3741:
3716:
3706:
3654:
3258:
3217:
3204:
3122:
3024:
2836:
2811:
2792:
2776:
2748:
2650:
2634:
2421:
2405:
2271:
2260:
2188:
2116:
1987:
1977:
1493:
1309:
1254:
1044:
894:
845:
708:
683:, and are very important in most Eurasian traditions, where motifs such as the
642:
627:
623:
238:
161:
134:
8964:
5014:
4066:
became popular for the wealthy, and grand multi-level tombs evolved, with the
3990:) show an elegant but exaggerated columnar elongation, but those on the south
602:, most often in ceramics, are as popular today (though strangely neglected by
151:
105:
15070:
14848:
14737:
14727:
14649:
14488:
14483:
14382:
14158:
13928:
13874:
13835:
13767:
13757:
13518:
13438:. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 488–517.
13423:
12901:
12019:
11117:
11078:
10837:
10797:
10792:
10728:
10651:
10533:
10463:
10428:
10337:
10333:
10315:
10291:
10279:
10240:
10236:
10220:
10192:
10184:
10133:
9998:
9979:
9828:
9677:
9592:
9525:
9517:
9505:
9471:
9455:
9423:
9388:
9384:
9380:
9355:
9282:
9215:
9195:
9101:
9097:
9093:
8954:
8869:
8846:
8755:
8508:
8435:
8074:
produced more monumental sculpture, from the massive block-like works of the
8055:
7991:
7900:
7879:
beginning around 2500 BCE to the monumental statuary and architecture of the
7876:
7851:, 15th century (traditionally believed to have been made during the reign of
7828:
7741:
7729:
7717:
7695:
7650:
7600:
7543:
7505:
7501:
7484:
art, which was inspired by their lack of concern for naturalistic depiction.
7403:
7332:
7138:
6881:
6701:
6553:
6429:
6302:
6176:
6140:
6057:
6037:
5827:
5759:
5755:
5696:
5665:
5430:
5402:. Greek foliage decoration was also influential, with Indian versions of the
5070:
4177:
4003:
3967:
3808:
3758:
3689:
3629:
3584:
3228:". For a much wider section of the population, moulded relief decoration of
3221:
3150:
or the later mausolea outside the city. The famous bronze head supposedly of
2980:
2885:
2855:
2816:
2655:
2417:
2039:
1945:
1941:
1886:
1858:
1409:
1333:
1117:
1093:
1039:
it is soft enough to be worked with hammers and other tools as well as cast;
958:
922:
898:
857:
853:
849:
841:
833:
817:
783:
676:
470:
328:
11875:
Henig, 73–82; Strong, 48–52, 80–83, 108–17, 128–32, 141–59, 177–82, 197–211.
11091:
9023:
8066:
in the south. In both areas, sculpture was initially of stone, and later of
7443:
6489:; these probably developed out of a tradition using wood that also embraced
5220:
exemplifies the penetrating portrait sculpture the style could produce, and
4559:
could not be ignored by subsequent sculptors. His iconic David (1504) has a
4099:, until they ran short of money, when they were melted down again for cash.
3159:
of provincial cities were the main visual form of imperial propaganda; even
2823:, possibly a 2nd-century marble original, is still larger and more complex,
287:
14732:
14414:
14338:
14148:
14128:
13807:
13599:
12322:
11848:'s prosecution details his depredations of art collections at great length.
11149:
10832:
10822:
10618:
10525:
10329:
10287:
10283:
10244:
10224:
10095:
9718:
9615:
9533:
9486:
9400:
9175:
9152:
8928:
8751:
8718:
8532:
8520:
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after Europeans' arrival reflects the country's 18th-century foundation in
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were famous, and they made many new Buddha statues at many temples such as
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was firmly established. These were put in tombs as a resting place for the
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are often used for small luxury works, and sometimes in larger ones, as in
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13048:, Pelican History of Art, 4th ed 1970, Penguin (now Yale History of Art),
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BBC: Barbara Hepworth sculpture stolen from Dulwich Park, 20 December 2011
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Hahn, Joachim, "Prehistoric Europe, §II: Palaeolithic 3. Portable art" in
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or plaster is applied to the wood, and then the paint is applied to that.
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10603:, stainless steel, 121.2 metres (398 feet), the world's tallest sculpture
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7259:"the Buddha calling the earth to witness", The Buddha's hands are in the
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tomb figures to later Buddhist statues such as the near life-size set of
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in the 10th century BCE, Mesopotamian art survives in a number of forms:
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Detail of Crucifixion of Jesus Christ, Spanish, wood and polychrome, 1793
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12874:. Example of theft of large bronze sculpture for the value of the metal.
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bringing his painting's 'oversized figures' into monumental sculptures.
8850:
7875:, the development of sculpture stretches from the simple pottery of the
6098:
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that arrived in the late 18th century gave great emphasis to sculpture.
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of the deity, but very few of these have survived. Sculptures from the
147:
of tigress with two cubs, mid-19th-century Japan, ivory with shell inlay
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led contemporary abstract sculpture in new directions. Artists created
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2465:). Most Greek sculpture originally included at least some colour; the
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347:, upright slabs, usually of stone, often also containing inscriptions.
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13363:, 1995 (2nd ed), Yale University Press (Penguin/Yale History of Art),
10410:
9724:
Groupe de femmes (Groupe de trois femmes, Groupe de trois personnages)
7327:
such as dagger hilts and cups may be formed as animals, especially in
5738:
onwards, statuettes of religious and secular figures were produced in
2218:
Wooden tomb models, Dynasty XI; a high administrator counts his cattle
2151:
or tombs; by Dynasty IV (2680–2565 BCE) at the latest the idea of the
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of sculpture for religious motives, from the Early Christians and the
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13302:, 3rd ed. 1998, Yale University Press (Penguin/Yale History of Art),
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Some of the modern classical became either more decorative/art deco (
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The origins of Greco-Buddhist art are to be found in the Hellenistic
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churches, probably of precious metal around a wooden frame, like the
3549:, as seen in the objects found in the 6th-century burial treasure at
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gradually forms a sharpened point from the blunt end of a steel rod.
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The very large or "colossal" statue has had an enduring appeal since
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for a huge 50-foot (15 m)-high public sculpture, the so-called
8484:. Aboriginal peoples also adapted church sculpture in variations on
3529:, Germany, the first great example of the revival of large sculpture
3244:
in the earlier full Greco-Roman style taken from elsewhere, and the
495:, the first portrait medal, a medium essentially made for collecting
448:. There is also a view that buildings are a type of sculpture, with
37:"Sculpting" redirects here. For sculpting in computer graphics, see
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who added motion and monumentality to the theme of purity of line.
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2690:) executed by a team led by the most famous ancient Greek sculptor
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241:, and Greece is widely seen as producing great masterpieces in the
12332:, Niigata Prefectural Museum of History, accessed August 15, 2012.
11399:
History of Humanity: Prehistory and the beginnings of civilization
10364:
1962, 6'8 x 6'8 x 6'8 (the height of a standard US door opening),
6321:
4273:
1804:
687:
and vine scroll have passed east and west for over two millennia.
370:, a term for small carvings in stone that can take detailed work.
14536:
14446:
14323:
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13777:
13691:
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11469:
Gardner's Art through the Ages: The Western Perspective, Volume 1
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10414:
10387:
1964, bismuth, chromium, gold, and rhodium on gold-plated brass;
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and by the 1940s abstract sculpture was impacted and expanded by
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is said to be one of the greatest Buddhist sculptors not only in
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5730:. These were mostly originally painted. In notable contrast to
5651:
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5461:, and ultimately the sculpted figure in China, Korea, and Japan.
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was dominant in the courts of most of the Near East, and some of
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12982:, 2010, British Museum Press (British Museum objects in focus),
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1807:
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also do not approve of religious sculpture. There has been much
444:. A collection of sculpture in a garden setting can be called a
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11778:
Alexander The Great and the Hellenistic Age, p. xiii. Green P.
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9186:) or more abstractly stylized or more expressive (and Gothic) (
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8882:
8878:
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19th–early 20th century, early Modernism and continuing realism
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4477:, as well as reliefs. A leading figure in the later period was
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Many sculptors seek new ways and materials to make art. One of
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308:
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13122:, 3rd ed. 1981, Yale University Press Pelican History of Art,
13077:, 2nd ed. 1994, Yale University Press Pelican History of Art,
10908:
7546:
appear to have had a special significance and were mounted on
4451:
in 1403, from which the trial models submitted by the winner,
3269:
This revolution in style shortly preceded the period in which
3240:
of 315 in Rome, which combines sections in the new style with
1936:
From the many subsequent periods before the ascendency of the
1527:
of about 13,000 years ago is one of the finest of a number of
1031:
is the softest and most precious metal, and very important in
14365:
14153:
13802:
13787:
13752:
13701:
13645:
13573:
12478:
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10739:
10711:
Sculptures are sensitive to environmental conditions such as
9159:, who co-opted the work of earlier artists such as Kolbe and
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8455:
8355:
8111:
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6207:, where many Buddha statues had been lost in wars and fires.
6192:
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5835:
5643:
5482:
5282:
4519:
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3835:
3692:
3493:
2888:, very rare bronze figures recovered from the sea, c. 460–430
2864:
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1953:
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less durable but cheaper options. Precious materials such as
723:
700:
668:
638:
460:
363:
344:
192:
188:
53:
13448:
13419:, a charity dedicated to commissioning monumental sculpture.
7708:
can be traced back to its ancient past with the kingdoms of
7539:
left more impressive buildings than sculpture but the eight
6853:
and elsewhere, the enormous 9th-century Buddhist complex at
4034:
of 1301. Another revival of classical style is seen in the
1964:
is an early example of the inscribed type, and the Assyrian
1469:
The earliest undisputed examples of sculpture belong to the
1308:, this has affected the status of sculpture itself. Even in
13905:
13721:
13706:
13696:
13666:
13635:
10871:
10630:
Some modern sculpture forms are now practiced outdoors, as
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7931:
7407:
6862:
6858:
6697:
6497:
6216:
4425:
3164:
2338:
2297:
1974:
large schemes of very finely detailed narrative low reliefs
1898:
1878:
1511:
is small portable sculptures, with a small group of female
1071:
1028:
942:
934:
926:
791:
747:
739:
692:
465:
200:
130:
12700:
Taking Positions: Figurative Sculpture and the Third Reich
12473:
5528:, who reigned circa 200–180 BCE and invaded Northern India
1710:
BP, an Upper Palaeolithic carving, Bordeaux museum, France
852:, is deliberately short-lived. Recent sculptors have used
78:
14133:
9563:
by a large variety of sculptors, the large-scale work of
7604:
7581:
7550:. Modern Zimbabwean sculptors in soapstone have achieved
7509:
7504:, and very fine naturalistic royal heads from around the
5879:
3749:
over church doors in the 12th century, and the inhabited
1976:
in stone for palaces, with scenes of war or hunting; the
1610:
763:
726:
male worshipper, alabaster with shell eyes, 2750–2600 BCE
511:. The actual cult images in the innermost sanctuaries of
11000:
10998:
10658:
are sculptures that are designed to move, which include
4530:
were another new small form of sculpture in cast metal.
2747:
The Pergamene style of the Hellenistic period, from the
13404:
13060:
Nubian Pharaohs and Meroitic Kings: The Kingdom of Kush
11273:
V&A Museum, Sculpture techniques: modelling in clay
7625:
Sculpture of a 'Queen Mother' from Benin, 16th century.
4514:
specializing in young women in meditative poses, while
3612:, which was evidently the commonest type of sculpture;
2561:, 570–560 BCE, the figure 222 cm (87 in) high
1914:
10258:
Also during the 1960s and 1970s artists as diverse as
7535:
death and the ancestral world. The culture known from
7512:
in terracotta and metal from the 12th–14th centuries.
6301:
Kongo Rishiki (Guardian Deity) at the Central Gate of
3379:), It was found in the so-called Otricoli basilica in
1582:
from around 7200 and 6500 BCE. These are from modern
1504:, the oldest known uncontested examples of sculpture.
1488:
found in the Hohlenstein Stadel area of Germany is an
12547:
12545:
11983:
Olson, 11–24; Honour and Fleming, 304; Henderson, 41.
11358:"Jewish virtual library, History of Jewish sculpture"
10995:
10294:
explored abstraction, imagery and figuration through
7720:
was established in Ethiopia with the conversion from
1881:, saw the production of sophisticated works like the
1010:
are the oldest and still the most popular metals for
949:, and a general term for an object made in this way.
893:
is an ancient activity where pieces of rough natural
828:
and other modernists made spectacular use of painted
12526:
12524:
11395:
10904:
10743:
metal, a tiny fraction of the value of the artwork.
8938:, partially glazed stoneware, 75 x 19 x 27 cm,
7974:
Column and elephant - part of the temple complex in
7847:
carved into the wall of the Church of Bet Golgotha,
7281:
Ivory with traces of paint, 11th–12th century, Egypt
5345:
2010:, 3rd millennium BCE, 3.25 inches (8.3 cm) high
1766:
period, found at Montastruc, Tarn et Garonne, France
1762:
13,000 BP, female and male swimming reindeer – late
13274:, 3rd ed. 1971, Penguin (now Yale History of Art),
13075:
The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent
12533:
9540:came to characterize the look of modern sculpture.
5742:and other media, which became an important export.
5417:, from which Hellenistic culture radiated into the
4995:, 1583, Florence, Italy, 13' 6" (4.1 m) high,
2599:Late Archaic warrior from the east pediment of the
452:describing architecture as "inhabited sculpture".
12621:, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, Publisher, 1969.
12542:
11974:Honour and Fleming, 297–300; Henderson, 55, 82–84.
9878:, 1932, World War I memorial (for her son Peter),
7054:from Agusan del Sur, Philippines, 9th-10th century
5052:the dominating figure of the age in works such as
2319:provided a physical place for the ka to manifest.
1477:. As well as producing some of the earliest known
385:. Another grand form of portrait sculpture is the
14284:
13298:Smith, W. Stevenson, and Simpson, William Kelly.
12954:, University of California/British Museum, 1991,
12731:The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists
12521:
11840:Henig, 66–69; Strong, 36–39, 48; At the trial of
11150:"Flash animation of the lost-wax casting process"
10435:1987, 55 ft high free standing sculpture of
9641:
8473:in Montreal, Quebec, which was carved by peasant
8038:Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas
5672:come from a period of over a thousand years from
3841:, with complex carving including many figures of
1257:. Well known creators of soft sculptures include
1237:wood is often technically described as "wood and
813:, house paint, aerosol, enamel and sandblasting.
15068:
13333:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 462,
12619:A History of Latin American Art and architecture
12403:
12401:
11303:Women's work: from feminine arts to feminist art
11291:Rawson, 140–44; Frankfort 112–13; Henig, 179–80.
9567:, and environmental installation scale works by
7728:in the 4th century CE, during the reign of king
7471:settled cultivators in the areas drained by the
6090:List of National Treasures of Japan (sculptures)
4473:in marble (1408–09) and bronze (1440s), and his
3874:Baptismal font at St Bartholomew's Church, Liège
3565:. Following the continuing Byzantine tradition,
2872:and cameos, jewellery, and gold and silverware.
2337:of Pa-Ankh-Ra, ship master, bearing a statue of
2120:before 2,780 BCE, and with the exception of the
574:Some undoubtedly advanced cultures, such as the
519:, where the very simple and ancient form of the
14762:Timeline of 20th century printmaking in America
13247:
12192:Boardman, 370–78; Sickman, 85–90; Paine, 29–30.
7263:(subduing Māra) position. Ho Phra Kaeo temple,
6635:or perhaps earlier, with densely packed reliefs
6032:Blue underglaze statue of a man with his pipe,
5679:, and have exerted a continuing influence over
3569:revived ivory carving, often in panels for the
3483:
909:, by incising, pecking, carving, and abrading.
381:at 182 m (597 ft) is the 2018 Indian
183:. Durable sculptural processes originally used
44:"Sculptor" redirects here. For other uses, see
13046:The Art and Architecture of the Ancient Orient
11920:Strong, 287–91, 305–08, 315–18; Henig, 234–40.
11021:
11019:
8269:Ahkal Mo' Naab III Of Palenque, 8th century CE
8058:developed in two separate and distinct areas,
7237:Phra Achana, Wat Si Chum, Big Buddha image in
6872:In Thailand and Laos, sculpture was mainly of
6225:
5048:style was perfectly suited to sculpture, with
3788:Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral
3019:), perhaps a copy, between 200 BCE and 20 CE,
2921:Two elegant ladies, pottery figurines, 350–300
1917:(c. 2650 BCE), including the two figures of a
1158:is all but unique. There are various ways of
14270:
14102:
13464:
12608:(New York University). Accessed May 28, 2018.
12398:
11465:
9115:Early masters of modern classicism included:
8706:, 1895, cast 1918. Metropolitan Museum of Art
7990:Traces of paint on a relief depicting Prince
6812:, densely packed with rows of painted statues
5886:(4th century BCE – 109 BCE) tradition of the
2809:, a late example, and the bronze original of
1980:has an outstanding collection, including the
1531:carvings in bone or antler of animals in the
1399:has never accepted monumental sculpture, and
1280:
13256:. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
13185:, 1992, Thames & Hudson (World of Art),
13013:. Rochester: University of Rochester Press.
12891:, 1998, Thames & Hudson (World of Art),
12606:Institute for the Study of the Ancient World
6744:Typical medieval frontal standing statue of
5477:leaves, in purely Hellenistic style, inside
4932:, who painted the oval inset, 1530s or 1540s
3975:The Gothic period is essentially defined by
3672:ivory panel, probably meant for a book-cover
3167:, though far smaller than the 30-metre-high
786:and engraved gems), and cast metals such as
618:were a major industry, or in East Asian and
13212:Piotrovsky, M. B., and J. M. Rogers (eds),
12753:Sculpture for display at Udvar-Hazy Center
11456:, accessed August 24, 2012; Sandars, 37–40.
11142:
11016:
9371:. In later years Picasso became a prolific
9263:, 1984 (based on a smaller model of 1938),
8762:
8168:Chalchiuhtlicue from Teotihuacán 200–500 CE
7704:The creation of sculptures in Ethiopia and
5683:. They are cast with complex patterned and
4467:develop with seminal statues including his
4089:elaborate caskets with scenes from Romances
3436:, showing the new anti-classical style, in
3188:
3098:
2799:(another of the Seven Wonders), the famous
1496:ivory. It has been dated to about 35–40,000
1379:
1221:world, so that we have little idea how the
836:and other plastics have been used as well.
714:
645:shows a ruler of the 32nd century BCE, and
27:Artworks that are three-dimensional objects
14277:
14263:
14109:
14095:
13471:
13457:
12939:. Chalfont St Peter: Bradt Travel Guides.
11772:
11258:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
11038:, p. 9, Cambridge University Press, 1981,
10009:, Berlin, Germany, Rickey is considered a
9243:1927, bronze, no. 5 from an edition of 7,
8682:to commemorate the lives lost in the 1804
8494:Skookumchuck Hot Springs, British Columbia
7569:terracotta, 6th century BCE–6th century CE
7383:Part of a 15th-century ceramic panel from
3059:
2771:is conventionally dated from the death of
2763:were very popular as ornaments in the home
1043:are among the techniques used in gold and
864:have been appreciated for many centuries.
13300:The Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt
10128:
8215:in the shape of a "bat god" or a jaguar,
8195:Teotihuacan- Detail of the Temple of the
7371:, 107 cm high, probably 11th century
5095:Austrian and Bavarian pilgrimage churches
734:, stone and pottery, with wood, bone and
13422:
12461:Piotrovsky and Rogers, 23, 26–27, 33–37.
12416:Harle, 87; his Part 2 covers the period.
11233:
10698:
10650:also often make use of the environment.
10612:
10155:(1997) sculpture by Dennis Oppenheim at
10147:
10132:
9269:
9249:
9231:
8405:
8380:
7461:. Female (left) and male Vertical styles
7442:
7431:
7276:
6833:
6412:
6093:
5928:glaze pottery, horse and groom (618–907)
5826:, unearthed at the site of Nalinggaotu,
5642:
5355:
5194:
5013:
4813:
4401:
4384:
4085:single figures, especially of the Virgin
3966:
3723:
3710:
3509:
3487:
3089:
3074:
2754:
2742:
2649:
2365:
2076:
1853:
1439:
1284:
1208:
1131:
1116:
983:
921:is the carving for artistic purposes of
871:
718:
476:
459:
455:
286:
150:
139:
104:
77:
52:
13214:Heaven on Earth: Art from Islamic Lands
13202:, 2007 (2nd ed), British Museum Press,
12749:National Air and Space Museum Receives
12288:
12286:
11686:from the original on September 24, 2017
11424:Ice Age art: arrival of the modern mind
11156:from the original on September 14, 2010
9769:, 1912, white marble; limestone block,
8430:–80, Bronze, partly tinted, with cotton
8281:Upakal K'inich 8th century CE, Palenque
7689:
7292:, so the vast majority of sculpture is
6552:, with the massive granite carvings of
6518:"classical" period for Indian sculpture
6374:in the form of a dog, late 18th century
5473:Gandhara frieze with devotees, holding
4010:developed a style that is often called
2783:in 31 BCE, which also marks the end of
2380:, 5th century BCE, close up head detail
2345:, c. 650–633 BCE, Cabinet des Médailles
1328:onwards in Italy, with figures such as
880:, based on analysis of pigment traces,
14:
15069:
13200:The British Museum Book of Chinese Art
12702:, Henry Moore Institute, London, 2002.
12258:
12254:
12252:
11300:
11182:. Bureau of Energy Efficiency, India.
10608:
9363:in two-dimensional art. The advent of
9354:In the beginning of the 20th century,
8465:style, producing enormously elaborate
6394:
4334:Section of a panelled altarpiece with
3412:, in the late imperial "baroque" style
3316:", dated to the 3rd or 1st century BCE
2819:was also a copy. The group called the
1865:and eagles, Uruk Period, 4100–3000 BCE
1835:
1826:, perhaps 1800–1500 BCE; this side is
1523:BP) found across central Europe. The
1459:
14258:
14090:
13452:
13062:. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse.
13031:, 1982, Manchester University Press,
12780:from the original on February 5, 2017
12261:"Design Systems in Early Chinese Art"
11716:from the original on December 9, 2017
11215:from the original on November 4, 2015
11189:from the original on February 7, 2016
10389:Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
10160:, Plaça de la Porta de Santa Catalina
9940:Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
9202:)—or turned more to the Renaissance (
6580:, 3rd or 2nd millennium BCE (replica)
6273:with "snow-goggle" eyes, 1000–400 BCE
6149:Guardian Kings of the Four Directions
5003:
4887:Small bronze figures for collector's
4493:designed an equine sculpture in 1482
3819:are other substantial survivals. The
2633:, 2nd quarter of the 5th century BCE
1646:Adorant from the Geißenklösterle cave
539:probably had religious significance.
343:. Relief sculpture may also decorate
13882:Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius
13118:, in: Paine, R. T., & A. Soper,
12647:, June 1948, Volume XXX, Number two.
12283:
12022:feature on the Nottingham alabaster
11174:
11098:from the original on August 28, 2008
10638:, often in full view of spectators.
10298:, environment, light sculpture, and
9634:in a classic articulated style, and
9092:)—or a kind of stately grandiosity (
6806:Thillai Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram
6437:sculpture in the Indian subcontinent
5453:, strongly affecting the art of the
5421:with the establishment of the small
4848:in Florence, next to Michelangelo's
4062:Life-size tomb effigies in stone or
3187:(by 193) survive in Rome, where the
2654:High Classical high relief from the
1578:comes from about 9,000 BCE, and the
1561:
1058:after mixing of components (such as
1019:especially when compared to various
440:. Sculpture is an important form of
13348:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
12999:, Penguin, 1986 (reprint of 1972),
12923:The Oxford History of Classical Art
12906:Artistic Theory in Italy, 1450–1660
12660:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
12249:
11364:from the original on August 5, 2014
11236:The Sculpture Reference Illustrated
11209:"British Museum – The Lycurgus Cup"
11168:
6869:, and many large guardian figures.
6443:(3300–1700 BCE), found in sites at
4828:life-size bronze, made in 1593 for
4439:Sculpture in the Renaissance Period
4260:, 1350–1370; the ladies are losing.
3938:Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
3375:, (reworked from a bust of emperor
3352:Tomb relief of the Decii, 98–117 CE
820:'s most famous sculptures included
257:produced famous sculptures such as
24:
14861:Index of painting-related articles
13029:Anglo-Saxon Art, A New Perspective
12147:; see index for Bernini generally.
11025:See for example Martin Robertson,
10171:works are represented by artists:
7637:16th-century ivory mask from Benin
7552:considerable international success
6829:
5654:, wood and pigment, 11th century,
5413:(250–130 BCE), located in today's
4526:also often depicted women; relief
3800:brass font of 1108–17 now in Liège
3064:
2703:Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
2500:, 41.5 cm (16.3 in) high
2388:developed in the Early Bronze Age
917:, which is attached to buildings.
70:work of the late 3rd century BCE,
25:
15103:
13389:
13288:, Berlin: Sternberg Press, 2013,
13120:The Art and Architecture of Japan
12824:from the original on July 8, 2012
12595:Nubia: Ancient Kingdoms of Africa
12470:Piotrovsky and Rogers, 23, 33–37.
12044:Cherry, 25–48; Henderson, 134–41.
11884:Henig, Chapter 6; Strong, 303–15.
11665:Cook, 72, 85–109; Boardman, 47–59
10949:List of most expensive sculptures
10471:
9962:Three Piece Reclining figure No.1
9011:, 1905 cast of the second version
7387:with white calligraphy on a blue
7103:sculpture from Lanao, Philippines
6405:List of rock-cut temples in India
5377:is the artistic manifestation of
5346:Greco-Buddhist sculpture and Asia
2846:After the conquests of Alexander
2658:, which originally decorated the
2355:
2292:pillar in the middle, flanked by
1810:figure, 1st millennium BCE, Japan
1320:artists such as the 12th-century
1248:
961:are small carved gems, including
14066:
14065:
13252:European sculpture and metalwork
13058:Harkless, Necia Desiree (2006).
12858:
12836:
12810:
12792:
12758:
12743:
12724:
12705:
12692:
12671:
12650:
12633:
12624:
12611:
12587:
12578:
12554:
12512:
12503:
12494:
12485:
12464:
12455:
12446:
12437:
12428:
12419:
12410:
12389:
12380:
12371:
12359:
12344:
12335:
12316:
12240:
11472:. Cengage Learning. p. 36.
10907:
10588:
10562:
10541:
10518:
10499:
10480:
10448:
10421:
10395:
10373:
10350:
10104:
10083:
10061:
10039:
10017:
9991:
9972:
9950:
9924:
9905:
9886:
9864:
9844:
9821:
9800:
9781:
9755:
9732:
9711:
9689:
9670:
9648:
9104:, as are his students including
9061:
9038:
9016:
8995:
8972:
8947:
8921:
8889:
8862:
8825:
8801:
8774:
8734:
8711:
8690:
8663:
8635:
8605:
8586:
8545:
8374:
8354:, red and white mosaic on wood,
8338:
8316:
8301:
8286:
8274:
8262:
8243:
8224:
8204:
8188:
8173:
8161:
8146:
8131:
8119:
8104:
8097:
8007:
7983:
7967:
7943:
7907:
7892:
7836:
7816:
7800:
7785:
7765:
7754:Church of Saint George, Lalibela
7674:
7658:
7642:
7630:
7618:
7593:
7574:
7559:
7396:
7376:
7360:
7340:
7252:
7230:
7214:
7186:
7160:
7130:
7108:
7089:
7059:
7040:
7013:
6979:
6953:
6924:
6897:
6817:
6794:
6768:
6753:
6737:
6721:
6690:
6675:
6656:
6640:
6614:
6585:
6565:
6386:Eagle by Suzuki Chokichi, 1892,
6379:
6363:
6348:
6328:
6309:
6294:
6278:
6263:
6247:'Flame-style' vessel, Neolithic
6240:
6045:
6025:
5992:
5973:
5953:
5933:
5912:
5894:
5867:
5851:
5815:
5789:
5767:
5747:
5595:
5572:
5552:
5543:Buddha head, once painted, from
5533:
5517:
5497:
5466:
5395:conquests of Alexander the Great
5361:One of the first representations
5316:
5291:
5270:
5245:
5184:
5162:
5140:
5121:
5102:
4979:
4958:
4937:
4911:
4776:
4741:
4713:
4698:
4663:
4629:
4599:
4571:
4475:Equestrian statue of Gattamelata
4349:
4327:
4307:
4281:
4265:
4246:
4222:
4198:
4170:
4150:
4127:
4104:
3926:
3907:
3887:
3866:
3677:
3661:
3641:
3581:heads and other small fittings.
3448:
3417:
3391:
3357:
3345:
3321:
3305:
3287:
3146:the large family tombs like the
3031:
3003:
2972:
2944:
2926:
2914:
2893:
2877:
2614:
2592:
2566:
2543:
2517:
2505:
2486:
2474:
2327:
2308:
2278:
2251:
2223:
2211:
2196:
2177:
2072:
2051:
2031:
2015:
1999:
1966:Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III
1929:and a bull's head on one of the
1815:
1796:
1771:
1746:
1715:
1692:
1665:
1638:
1595:
319:, and sometimes an intermediate
237:tradition of sculpture began in
14116:
13908:, Easter Islands (1250–1500 CE)
13346:Dictionary of African Biography
13331:Dictionary of African Biography
12908:, OUP, 1940 (refs to 1985 ed),
12842:"Art Army by Michael Leavitt",
12712:Visual arts in the 20th century
12294:"Shaanxi History Museum notice"
12231:
12222:
12213:
12204:
12195:
12186:
12183:Boardman, 370–78; Harle, 71–84.
12177:
12168:
12159:
12150:
12137:
12128:
12119:
12110:
12101:
12092:
12083:
12074:
12065:
12056:
12047:
12038:
12029:
12004:
11995:
11986:
11977:
11968:
11959:
11950:
11941:
11932:
11923:
11914:
11905:
11896:
11887:
11878:
11869:
11860:
11851:
11834:
11825:
11816:
11807:
11798:
11789:
11763:
11754:
11737:
11728:
11698:
11668:
11659:
11655:images of Getty Villa 85.AA.103
11648:
11639:
11630:
11621:
11612:
11603:
11594:
11585:
11576:
11567:
11558:
11549:
11540:
11531:
11522:
11513:
11504:
11495:
11486:
11459:
11446:
11437:
11416:
11389:
11376:
11350:
11341:
11328:
11319:
11294:
11285:
11266:
11227:
11201:
10694:
10582:Light Art Biennale Austria 2010
9767:Portrait of Mademoiselle Pogany
8727:Smithsonian American Art Museum
8515:of architecture and design and
8416:Little Dancer of Fourteen Years
8126:Olmec Jadeite Mask 1000–600 BCE
8027:
7588:, probably 12–14th centuries CE
5762:(13th century–10th century BCE)
5044:were a Baroque speciality. The
4950:Perseus with the head of Medusa
4873:Perseus with the head of Medusa
4213:, the first of this kind since
3097:state Greco-Roman style on the
3083:, CE 113, with scenes from the
2384:The first distinctive style of
1424:to the 2001 destruction of the
1204:
1185:of ephemeral materials such as
203:and other materials but, since
14044:Genghis Khan Equestrian Statue
13957:Liberty Enlightening the World
13377:, 2009, British Museum Press,
13230:, 2008, British Museum Press,
12679:Rodin to Now: Modern Sculpture
12452:Honour & Fleming, 196–200.
11734:Cook, 109–19; Boardman, 87–95.
11133:
11110:
11084:
11067:
11048:
11028:A shorter history of Greek art
10976:
10849:
10251:among others were pioneers of
10051:Atmosphere and Environment XII
9642:Gallery of modernist sculpture
8680:Sitka National Historical Park
8501:sculpture in the United States
8296:type figure (Mayan) 650–800 CE
8034:Sculpture of the United States
7994:smiting his enemies, from the
6965:Maitum anthropomorphic pottery
6168:(Buddhist sculptor) in Japan.
5796:Lifesize calvalryman from the
5695:was assembled for the tomb of
5040:(Rome, 1651), or those in the
4836:As in painting, early Italian
4380:
3163:had a near-colossal statue of
2902:Hermes and the Infant Dionysos
2738:
1500:BP, making it, along with the
1492:lion-human figure carved from
1367:artists such as Michelangelo,
1176:Pottery § Shaping methods
482:Medal of John VIII Palaeologus
13:
1:
13478:
13375:Masterpieces of Classical Art
13183:Italian Renaissance Sculpture
12880:
12689:, Palm Springs Desert Museum.
12630:Honour & Fleming, 553–56.
12509:De Lorenzi (2015), pp. 15–16.
12500:Honour & Fleming, 556–61.
12491:Honour & Fleming, 559–61.
11844:, former governor of Sicily,
11822:Strong, 58–63; Hennig, 66–69.
11396:de Laet, Sigfried J. (1994).
11386:, vol. 15 (2006), pp. 167–82.
11238:. Gulfport, MS. p. 179.
10554:Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial
10530:Turning the World Upside Down
10343:
10205:land art in the American West
9265:Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge
9245:National Gallery of Australia
8519:characterized by the work of
8424:
8397:
8363:
8328:
7936:Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt
7756:, one of several examples of
7653:, 16th–18th century, Nigeria.
7608:
7451:
7242:
7204:
7176:
7150:
7120:
7078:
7069:from Prasat Rup Arak, Kulen,
7029:
7003:
6968:
6942:
6913:
6861:, and the Hindu monuments of
6780:
6629:
6604:
6538:
6510:
6480:from 270 to 232 BCE, and the
6466:
6252:
6223:in many materials, and metal
6102:
6065:
5858:Tomb figure of dancing girl,
5805:
5779:
5709:Yixian glazed pottery luohans
5673:
5606:
5306:
5205:Psyche Revived by Love's Kiss
4830:Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
4793:
4758:
4680:
4645:
4614:
4443:Italian Renaissance sculpture
4428:on the left and right of his
4414:
4192:Pulpit in the Pisa Baptistery
4139:
4116:
4020:Pulpit in the Pisa Baptistery
3984:
3945:
3700:
3632:of Scotland and possibly the
3557:and the hybrid Christian and
3519:
3501:
3464:
3430:
3406:
3369:
3251:
3134:in conquests such as that of
3048:
2985:
2958:
2711:(438), the cult image of the
2604:
2529:
2494:
2467:Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek Museum
2408:from around 650 BCE that the
2264:
2234:
1861:with its impression on clay;
1786:
1078:, plaster mould casting, and
881:
649:, where we have 27 surviving
485:
327:is a technique restricted to
119:
95:
14800:Museum collection management
14723:Art history (academic study)
14602:alternative exhibition space
13853:Winged Victory of Samothrace
13228:Masterpieces of Medieval Art
12952:Coins; Interpreting the Past
12584:Harkless (2006), pp. 174–75.
12062:Olson, 45–52, and see index.
11152:. James Peniston Sculpture.
10494:1991 Tate Liverpool, England
9664:Musée National d'Art Moderne
9571:. Other Minimalists include
9403:" (French: objet trouvé) or
9295:sculpture movements include
9221:
8600:, 1884–1897, plaster version
8507:republican civic values and
8488:; one famous example is the
8082:cultures, to the superb low
6967:from Sarangani, Philippines
6119:Towards the end of the long
5301:, Memorial in the church at
5085:was only completed in 1762.
4803:
3484:Early Medieval and Byzantine
3276:Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
3216:, and large cameos like the
3117:, usually lying on top of a
2954:Winged Victory of Samothrace
2934:Bronze Statuette of a Horse,
2645:
2300:on the right, 22nd dynasty,
1968:a large and solid late one.
1570:, the over-life sized stone
1533:art of the Upper Paleolithic
637:Portrait sculpture began in
614:, or in ancient Greece when
550:of some 4,500 years ago. In
7:
14961:Colossal sculptures in situ
14665:Artist-in-residence program
13170:, 1977, Faber & Faber,
12573:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
12174:Honour and Fleming, 460–67.
11751:, accessed August 24, 2012.
11338:, accessed August 24, 2012.
11305:. London: Frances Lincoln.
11282:, accessed August 31, 2012.
10900:
10751:
10207:' group of projects. These
10203:on expansive sites in the '
9880:Vladslo German war cemetery
9399:originated the use of the "
8742:Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney
7843:One of the seven life-size
7792:A jar spout from the early
6849:(9th to 13th centuries) at
6775:Marble Sculpture of female
6500:and Buddhist sculptures of
6455:. These include the famous
6424:relief, 5th century CE, of
5334:Yale University Art Gallery
5283:Jason and the Golden Fleece
4971:Samson Slaying a Philistine
4254:Siege of the Castle of Love
4235:Siege of the Castle of Love
4209:1237, near life-size stone
4087:, mirror-cases, combs, and
3496:, Scottish or Anglo-Saxon,
2936:late 2nd – 1st century BCE
2350:
899:controlled removal of stone
630:and finds from the tomb of
66:, a Roman marble copy of a
10:
15108:
14971:Contemporary art galleries
14866:Outline of the visual arts
13400:Victoria and Albert Museum
13151:Ancient History from Coins
13009:De Lorenzi, James (2015).
12482:Honour & Fleming, 557.
12201:Rawson, Chapter 1, 135–36.
11177:"Metal Casting – Overview"
10719:and exposure to light and
10055:Philadelphia Museum of Art
9771:Philadelphia Museum of Art
9705:Metropolitan Museum of Art
9225:
9032:National Gallery in Prague
8905:, 1893, the world's first
8819:Metropolitan Museum of Art
8678:Kiks.ádi Clan, erected at
8594:Robert Gould Shaw Memorial
8031:
7864:
7693:
7323:. In the same way, luxury
7221:An Islamic sculpture of a
6496:The pink sandstone Hindu,
6457:small bronze female dancer
6398:
6079:
5624:
5491:Victoria and Albert Museum
5349:
5264:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5188:
5007:
4807:
4622:Museo dell'Opera del Duomo
4436:
3960:
3704:
3257:) from the new capital of
3068:
2938:Metropolitan Museum of Art
2905:, possibly an original by
2797:Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
2761:Greek terracotta figurines
2639:Metropolitan Museum of Art
2537:Metropolitan Museum of Art
2493:Cycladic Female Figurine,
2359:
2096:
1839:
1785:; sandstone, 1.80 meters,
1542:With the beginning of the
1435:
1312:, where sculptors such as
1281:Social status of sculptors
1201:and Mesopotamia to China.
1173:
1169:
275:, and the presentation of
43:
36:
32:Sculpture (disambiguation)
29:
15041:
14901:
14770:
14708:
14572:
14497:
14296:
14239:
14124:
14061:
13816:
13745:
13659:
13628:
13582:
13486:
13410:Cass Sculpture Foundation
13319:, 1985, Harry N. Abrams,
13242:Prehistoric Art in Europe
12966:Monuments of Medieval Art
12889:Italian Baroque Sculpture
12656:Elsen, Albert E. (2003).
12341:Paine & Soper, 30–31.
12237:Rawson, Chapters 4 and 6.
12098:Olson, Chapter 8, 179–81.
11600:Smith, 12–13 and note 17.
11384:Evolutionary Anthropology
11234:Williams, Arthur (2005).
10964:Cass Sculpture Foundation
10775:
10197:Christo and Jeanne-Claude
10138:Christo and Jeanne-Claude
9986:, 1967, Chicago, Illinois
8629:Michigan State University
8054:Sculpture in present-day
7427:
6988:Avalokiteshvara of Chaiya
6779:in typical curving pose,
6556:dating from the previous
6441:Indus Valley civilization
5983:Cup with Dragon Handles,
5701:Tang dynasty tomb figures
5504:Fragment of the wind god
5055:The Ecstasy of St Theresa
5038:Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi
4856:took over the project of
3956:
3730:Shrine of the Three Kings
3618:Palatine Chapel in Aachen
3608:, of 965–970, which is a
3498:St Ninian's Isle Treasure
3189:
3099:
2699:Statue of Zeus at Olympia
2141:main temple at Abu Simbel
2092:Egyptian Museum of Berlin
2061:Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal
2026:, a ruler around 2090 BCE
1983:Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal
1675:from the Vogelherd cave,
1464:
1241:". Typically a layer of
1014:metal sculptures; a cast
576:Indus Valley civilization
509:Statue of Zeus at Olympia
46:Sculptor (disambiguation)
15025:Most expensive paintings
14812:Conservation-restoration
14614:Contemporary art gallery
13359:Strong, Donald, et al.,
13317:Northern Renaissance Art
13248:Scholten, Frits (2011).
13178:(US: Cambridge UP, 1977)
12980:The Holy Thorn Reliquary
12935:Briggs, Philip (2015) .
12870:10 November 2018 at the
12551:Harkless (2006), p. 174.
12259:Rawson, Jessica (1999).
12165:Honour and Fleming, 450.
11537:Frankfort, Chapters 2–5.
11501:Sandars, 253−57, 183–85.
11010:January 4, 2009, at the
10970:
10929:List of female sculptors
10689:Michael Leavitt (artist)
10441:Liverpool Street station
10099:, 1982, Barcelona, Spain
10003:Four Squares in Geviert,
9851:Mieczysław Kotarbiński,
9773:. Exhibited at the 1913
9727:, 1911–12, plaster, lost
8763:Moving toward modern art
8747:Buffalo Bill - The Scout
8531:-influenced concern for
8490:Church of the Holy Cross
8438:, wood was sculpted for
8309:Classic Veracruz culture
8114:Baby Figure 1200-900 BCE
7860:
7459:Art Institute of Chicago
7272:
7124: late 12th century
6428:Killing the Horse Demon
6233:Japanese sword mountings
6075:
5920:Tang dynasty tomb figure
5620:
5603:Taller Buddha of Bamiyan
5425:(180–10 BCE). Under the
5091:early European porcelain
4992:Rape of the Sabine Women
4370:Rothenburg ob der Tauber
4322:in gold, enamel and gems
4320:Resurrection of the Dead
4256:on a mirror-case in the
4006:(1258–1278) and his son
3333:, statue of the emperor
3201:Column of Antoninus Pius
2122:art of the Amarna period
1893:is an outstanding small
1621:animal-human statuette,
1380:Anti-sculpture movements
1189:, wax, unfired clay, or
1112:
1023:or stone materials (see
979:
913:covers large works, and
867:
715:Materials and techniques
282:
15092:Visual arts terminology
15033:works by living artists
14795:Classificatory disputes
13529:Environmental sculpture
13494:Architectural sculpture
13435:Encyclopædia Britannica
13405:Corning Museum of Glass
13103:A Handbook of Roman Art
12575:. Accessed 28 May 2018.
12539:Sobania (2012), p. 462.
12377:Paine & Soper, 121.
12323:Middle Jomon Sub-Period
12219:Rawson, 135–45, 145–63.
12143:Boucher, 134–42 on the
11947:Calkins, 79–80, 90–102.
11902:Strong, 171–76, 211–14.
11743:Lapatin, Kenneth D.S.,
11402:. UNESCO. p. 211.
11301:Gipson, Ferren (2022).
11278:August 2, 2012, at the
11092:"Article by Morris Cox"
10954:List of tallest statues
10944:List of sculpture parks
10746:
10636:environmental sculpture
10201:environmental sculpture
10153:Device to Root Out Evil
10029:Crinkly avec disc rouge
9416:Similarly, the work of
9379:, with figures such as
8509:Protestant Christianity
8448:Pacific Northwest Coast
7962:period (c. 620–580 BCE)
7603:bronze head sculpture,
7422:steel inlaid with gold.
7119:, Khmer art, Cambodia,
6520:, covering the earlier
6409:Sculpture of Bangladesh
6401:Sculpture in South Asia
5340:
4928:, probably designed by
4766:Galleria dell'Accademia
4366:Altar of the Holy Blood
3811:, and the doors of the
3602:Golden Madonna of Essen
3575:illuminated manuscripts
3553:, and the jewellery of
3330:Augustus of Prima Porta
3177:Roman triumphal columns
3129:far east, official and
3060:Europe after the Greeks
2686:, traditionally (since
2672:Temple of Zeus, Olympia
2386:ancient Greek sculpture
2362:Ancient Greek sculpture
1609:, now in Ulmer Museum,
1027:for several examples).
915:architectural sculpture
862:Chinese scholar's rocks
418:environmental sculpture
333:architectural sculpture
14244:List of artistic media
13272:Pelican History of Art
13181:Olson, Roberta J. M.,
13149:Howgego, Christopher,
13137:A World History of Art
12768:Umbrella Crushes Woman
12530:Briggs (2015), p. 331.
12518:Briggs (2015), p. 242.
12298:Shaanxi History Museum
12089:Olson, 103–10, 131–32.
12071:Olson, 114–18, 149–50.
11710:www.trackingcolour.com
11627:Smith, 102–03, 133–34.
11618:Smith, 170–78, 192–94.
11573:Frankfort, 66–74, 167.
11466:Kleiner, Fred (2009).
11426:, The British Museum,
11064:feature on exhibition.
10983:en.museicapitolini.org
10708:
10703:Visible damage due to
10627:
10599:officially titled the
10507:Jean-Yves Lechevallier
10161:
10145:
10129:Contemporary movements
10077:Tel Aviv Museum of Art
10031:, 1973, Schlossplatz,
9853:Coat of arms of Poland
9839:'s headquarters, 1928.
9545:Abstract expressionism
9333:Abstract expressionism
9289:
9267:
9260:Large Reclining Figure
9247:
9210:) or stayed the same (
9090:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux
8874:The Burghers of Calais
8809:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux
8750:, 1924, commemorating
8598:Augustus Saint-Gaudens
8431:
8419:, cast in 1922 from a
8403:
8392:in Cristo Rey Church,
8251:K'inich Janaab Pakal I
8238:, Peru, 100 BCE–700 CE
8086:that characterize the
8002:, early 1st century CE
7462:
7457:early 20th centuries,
7440:
7300:(740s), now mostly in
7282:
7225:, southern Philippines
6904:Relief sculpture from
6842:
6516:–550) which remains a
6432:
6226:
6116:
5844:Shaanxi History Museum
5809: 3rd century BCE
5783: 3rd century BCE
5670:Western Zhou dynasties
5662:Chinese ritual bronzes
5658:
5587:(right), 3rd century,
5526:Demetrius I of Bactria
5481:, 1st–2nd century CE.
5411:Greco-Bactrian kingdom
5371:
5367:, 1st–2nd century CE,
5209:
5191:Neoclassical sculpture
5134:Saint Peter's Basilica
5067:Protestant Reformation
5032:
4833:
4553:Tomb of Pope Julius II
4434:
4411:Tomb of Pope Julius II
4399:
4362:Tilman Riemenschneider
4344:with remains of colour
4340:, English, 1450–1490,
4337:Resurrection of Christ
4053:Tilman Riemenschneider
4016:Siena Cathedral Pulpit
3972:
3834:is an unusually large
3796:Gloucester candlestick
3737:
3721:
3616:had set one up in the
3543:barbaric civilizations
3530:
3507:
3106:
3087:
2764:
2752:
2663:
2381:
2321:Egyptian Museum, Cairo
2094:
1866:
1830:, the other is "dark".
1456:
1422:Protestant Reformation
1301:
1214:
1148:
1129:
1000:
887:
727:
610:) as they were in the
496:
474:
428:(involving aspects of
300:
279:as finished artworks.
165:
157:The Angel of the North
148:
137:
102:
75:
14670:Artist-run initiative
14557:Visual arts education
13936:Kamagaya Great Buddha
13660:Traditional materials
13629:Elements in sculpture
13101:Henig, Martin (ed.),
12434:Harle, 301–10, 325–27
12366:Kotobank, Kei school.
11443:Sandars, 8–16, 29–31.
11347:Olsen, 150–51; Blunt.
10939:List of Stone Age art
10702:
10616:
10466:Art Garden, Jerusalem
10151:
10136:
10005:1969, terrace of the
9549:Geometric abstraction
9478:who were pioneers of
9301:Geometric abstraction
9273:
9253:
9235:
8643:Daniel Chester French
8409:
8384:
8347:Double-headed serpent
8232:Moche portrait vessel
8014:Relief of a ruler, a
7899:A ceramic jug of the
7883:, its last phase—the
7865:Further information:
7853:Gebre Mesqel Lalibela
7780:, 6th–5th century BCE
7758:rock cut architecture
7746:Gebre Mesqel Lalibela
7694:Further information:
7446:
7435:
7351:, from a palace near
7280:
6837:
6416:
6388:Tokyo National Museum
6097:
6054:Chinese guardian lion
5776:Warring States period
5656:Northern Song dynasty
5646:
5565:Ancient Orient Museum
5359:
5198:
5177:Nymphenburg Porcelain
5152:Perseus and Andromeda
5042:Gardens of Versailles
5017:
4846:Piazza della Signoria
4817:
4676:Judith and Holofernes
4551:, and pieces for the
4489:in Venice; his pupil
4481:, best known for his
4479:Andrea del Verrocchio
4405:
4388:
4187:Adoration of the Magi
4042:and his followers in
3970:
3861:and similar objects.
3727:
3714:
3513:
3491:
3461:Great Cameo of France
3226:Great Cameo of France
3093:
3078:
2861:Alexander Sarcophagus
2758:
2746:
2701:(c. 432), one of the
2653:
2369:
2080:
1962:Stele of the Vultures
1857:
1824:Trundholm sun chariot
1588:Pre-Pottery Neolithic
1556:Trundholm sun chariot
1443:
1346:Andrea del Verrocchio
1296:, self-portrait from
1288:
1275:Magdalena Abakanowicz
1212:
1174:Further information:
1135:
1120:
987:
965:, originally used as
875:
797:Sculptures are often
722:
584:Easter Island culture
580:Mississippian culture
480:
463:
456:Purposes and subjects
290:
273:constructed sculpture
171:is the branch of the
154:
143:
127:San Pietro in Vincoli
108:
81:
56:
15087:Sculpture techniques
14966:Contemporary artists
14829:Destination painting
14626:Single-artist museum
14515:Conservator-restorer
14021:The Motherland Calls
13870:(c. 200 BCE – 70 CE)
13867:Laocoön and His Sons
13856:(c. 2nd century BCE)
13824:Great Sphinx of Giza
12964:Calkins, Robert G.;
12855:, December 13, 2006.
12776:. October 28, 1991.
12267:: 52. Archived from
12053:Olson, 41–46, 62–63.
10934:Outline of sculpture
10644:street art sculpture
10366:Museum of Modern Art
10326:Michael Craig-Martin
10311:One and Three Chairs
10007:New National Gallery
9876:The Grieving Parents
9859:style, Warsaw, 1931.
9855:, basalt relief in
9740:Alexander Archipenko
9407:with pieces such as
9084:)—the melodramatic (
8814:Ugolino and His Sons
8394:Santa Fe, New Mexico
7690:Ethiopia and Eritrea
7406:dagger with hilt in
7167:Stone bas-relief of
6682:Rock-cut temples at
6651:, 5th–6th century CE
6034:Jingdezhen porcelain
6020:, early 17th century
5902:Northern Wei dynasty
5170:Franz Anton Bustelli
5050:Gian Lorenzo Bernini
5019:Gian Lorenzo Bernini
4708:, female bust (cast)
4457:Filippo Brunelleschi
4342:Nottingham alabaster
4316:Holy Thorn Reliquary
4097:Holy Thorn Reliquary
4076:Nottingham alabaster
4036:International Gothic
3813:Basilica di San Zeno
3805:Hildesheim Cathedral
3492:Silver monster on a
3199:and the base of the
3152:Lucius Junius Brutus
3012:Laocoön and his Sons
2802:Laocoön and his Sons
2498: 2500–2400 BCE
2371:Charioteer of Delphi
2109:monumental sculpture
2099:Art of ancient Egypt
1871:Protoliterate period
1537:Tuc d'Audobert caves
1484:The 30 cm tall
1352:, Michelangelo, and
1041:repoussé and chasing
911:Monumental sculpture
699:were used in China,
664:Olmec colossal heads
523:is the most common.
422:street art sculpture
360:monumental sculpture
30:For other uses, see
14956:Art reference books
14750:History of painting
14334:Fine-art photograph
14013:Christ the Redeemer
14005:Shrine of Democracy
13959:, Statue of Liberty
13583:Styles of sculpture
13240:Sandars, Nancy K.,
13153:, Routledge, 1995,
13116:Paine, Robert Treat
13087:Henderson, George.
12806:on January 4, 2013.
12800:"Guggenheim museum"
12617:Castedo, Leopoldo,
12304:on January 14, 2021
12271:on October 18, 2020
11938:Dodwell, Chapter 2.
11636:Smith, 4–5, 208–09.
10769:Italian Renaissance
10609:Contemporary genres
9763:Constantin Brâncuși
9662:, 1907, limestone,
9418:Constantin Brâncuși
9149:Constantin Brâncuși
9082:Antoine-Louis Barye
9050:The Night (La Nuit)
8723:Dancer and Gazelles
8513:International Style
8471:Notre Dame Basilica
8442:, masks, utensils,
8139:Olmec Colossal Head
8072:Mesoamerican region
8046:Northwest Coast art
7976:Musawwarat es-Sufra
7612: 12th century
7532:African Great Lakes
7530:Populations in the
7246: 14th century
7208: 13th century
7024:from Bidor, Perak,
6941:temple, Indonesia,
6880:emerged before the
6395:Indian subcontinent
6343:, National Treasure
5691:. The spectacular
5547:, 3rd–4th centuries
5419:Indian subcontinent
5253:Jean-Antoine Houdon
5218:Jean-Antoine Houdon
4903:figura serpentinata
4487:Bartolomeo Colleoni
3977:Gothic architecture
3686:Harbaville Triptych
3238:Arch of Constantine
3197:Arch of Constantine
3171:in Rome, now lost.
3148:Tomb of the Scipios
2848:Hellenistic culture
2773:Alexander the Great
2751:, early 2nd century
2623:Amathus sarcophagus
2160:portion of the soul
1938:Neo-Assyrian Empire
1617:, the oldest known
1580:'Ain Ghazal Statues
1554:and the Bronze Age
1548:Gundestrup cauldron
1517:Venus of Willendorf
1502:Venus of Hohle Fels
1471:Aurignacian culture
1460:Prehistoric periods
1445:Venus of Willendorf
1233:and other regions.
832:. Since the 1960s,
450:Constantin Brâncuși
245:period. During the
90:gate guardian from
64:The Capitoline Gaul
15051:Visual arts portal
14981:National galleries
14834:Eclecticism in art
14789:Catalogue raisonné
14660:Artist cooperative
13989:Jules Verne's tomb
13888:Buddhas of Bamiyan
13846:Colossus of Rhodes
13830:Abu Simbel temples
13826:(c. 2558–2532 BCE)
13817:Notable sculptures
13487:Types of sculpture
13415:2009-08-31 at the
13135:and John Fleming,
12851:2015-11-18 at the
12774:The New York Times
12698:Curtis, Penelpoe,
12685:2012-08-25 at the
12639:Neumeyer, Alfred,
12600:2018-06-19 at the
12567:2018-05-28 at the
12368:The Asahi Shimbun.
12328:2009-05-25 at the
12024:Swansea Altarpiece
12015:2012-08-04 at the
11582:Frankfort, 141–93.
11546:Frankfort, 110–12.
11127:2014-10-06 at the
11122:Harvard exhibition
11060:2013-02-15 at the
11033:2022-12-04 at the
10988:2017-09-03 at the
10915:Visual arts portal
10709:
10687:, or hand-made by
10656:Kinetic sculptures
10628:
10578:Manfred Kielnhofer
10492:South Bank Circle,
10162:
10146:
9898:Birth of the Muses
9837:London Underground
9750:), 1912, destroyed
9444:Alberto Giacometti
9290:
9268:
9248:
9121:Alexander Matveyev
9088:) sentimentality (
8698:Frederic Remington
8674:Totem Pole of the
8575:Theodore Roosevelt
8565:, 1927–1941. L–R,
8432:
8423:sculpture modeled
8404:
8257:, Maya, 603–683 CE
8154:La Mojarra Stela 1
8141:No. 3 1200–900 BCE
7825:processional cross
7772:Stone statue from
7463:
7441:
7325:hardstone carvings
7283:
7175:temple, Cambodia,
7007: 8th century
6843:
6838:9th-century Khmer
6459:and the so-called
6433:
6370:Izumiya Tomotada,
6181:Kamakura shogunate
6117:
6086:Japanese sculpture
5659:
5579:The Buddhist gods
5545:Hadda, Afghanistan
5479:Corinthian columns
5423:Indo-Greek kingdom
5404:Corinthian capital
5375:Greco-Buddhist art
5372:
5352:Greco-Buddhist art
5303:Badger, Shropshire
5278:Bertel Thorvaldsen
5234:Bertel Thorvaldsen
5214:Neoclassical style
5210:
5128:Saint Veronica by
5033:
5004:Baroque and Rococo
4859:Hercules and Cacus
4834:
4826:Northern Mannerist
4823:Mercury and Psyche
4589:Florence Baptistry
4584:Sacrifice of Isaac
4516:Antonio Rossellino
4449:Florence Baptistry
4435:
4420:, with statues of
4400:
4241:. Paris, 1330–1350
4136:Chartres Cathedral
4113:Chartres Cathedral
3981:Chartres Cathedral
3973:
3792:Nicholas of Verdun
3738:
3722:
3695:, mid-10th century
3531:
3508:
3426:The Four Tetrarchs
3337:, 1st century CE.
3107:
3088:
2769:Hellenistic period
2765:
2753:
2664:
2382:
2240:Eighteenth dynasty
2231:Tutankhamun's mask
2095:
1867:
1846:Assyrian sculpture
1842:Art of Mesopotamia
1607:Hohlenstein-Stadel
1457:
1348:also painted, and
1302:
1215:
1149:
1130:
1001:
897:are shaped by the
888:
728:
695:or other types of
497:
475:
368:hardstone carvings
301:
291:Open air Buddhist
166:
149:
138:
133:, for the tomb of
103:
76:
72:Capitoline Museums
15064:
15063:
14655:Artist collective
14469:Site-specific art
14319:Cultural artifact
14252:
14251:
14226:Site-specific art
14084:
14083:
13974:The Golden Virgin
13966:The Gates of Hell
13900:Konark Sun Temple
13896:(c. 1194–1250 CE)
13894:Chartes Cathedral
13544:Kinetic sculpture
13429:"Sculpture"
13383:978-0-7141-2254-0
13373:Williams, Dyfri.
13354:978-0-19-538207-5
13339:978-0-19-538207-5
13294:978-3-943365-08-5
13263:978-1-58839-441-5
13236:978-0-7141-2815-3
13226:Robinson, James,
13216:, 2004, Prestel,
13208:978-0-7141-2446-9
13191:978-0-500-20253-1
13105:, Phaidon, 1983,
13091:, 1967, Penguin,
13019:978-1-58046-519-9
12950:Burnett, Andrew,
12945:978-1-84162-922-3
12739:978-0-19-512878-9
12720:978-0-8109-3934-9
12354:The Asahi Shimbun
11929:Robinson, 12, 15.
11893:Henig, Chapter 8.
11784:978-0-7538-2413-9
11749:Oxford Art Online
11706:"Tracking Colour"
11564:Frankfort, 71–73.
11555:Frankfort, 66–74.
11528:Frankfort, 61–66.
11519:Frankfort, 45–59.
11510:Frankfort, 24–37.
11479:978-0-495-57360-9
11454:Oxford Art Online
11432:978-0-7141-2333-2
11409:978-92-3-102810-6
11336:Oxford Art Online
11312:978-0-7112-6465-6
11245:978-0-9755383-0-2
11175:Ravi, B. (2004).
11044:978-0-521-28084-6
10924:List of sculptors
10721:ultraviolet light
10648:site-specific art
10632:environmental art
10601:Monument of Light
10570:Guardians of Time
10169:environmental art
10158:Palma de Mallorca
9917:Monolith-Empyrean
9835:, carved for the
9697:Amedeo Modigliani
9682:Figure décorative
9585:Giacomo Benevelli
9476:Frederick Kiesler
9436:Sir Jacob Epstein
9383:and subsequently
9192:Wilhelm Lehmbruck
9165:socialist realism
9161:Wilhelm Lehmbruck
9129:Antoine Bourdelle
8980:Antoine Bourdelle
8911:Piccadilly Circus
8703:The Bronco Buster
8567:George Washington
8197:Feathered Serpent
8062:in the north and
8042:Pre-Columbian art
8020:Kandake Amanitore
7978:, 3rd century BCE
7750:Solomonic dynasty
7290:famously aniconic
7261:bhūmisparsa mudrā
6996:Southern Thailand
6482:Pillars of Ashoka
6010:(Dehua porcelain)
5740:Chinese porcelain
5259:Benjamin Franklin
5228:, the Englishman
5148:Pierre Paul Puget
5079:Roman Catholicism
5073:, continued, the
5029:Galleria Borghese
5024:Apollo and Daphne
5010:Baroque sculpture
4945:Benvenuto Cellini
4864:Benvenuto Cellini
4854:Baccio Bandinelli
4706:Francesco Laurana
4607:Luca della Robbia
4593:oblique view here
4512:Francesco Laurana
4491:Leonardo da Vinci
4483:equestrian statue
4461:Gates of Paradise
4211:equestrian statue
4032:pulpit in Pistoia
4030:, and Giovanni's
4012:Proto-Renaissance
3934:Pórtico da Gloria
3879:Baptism of Christ
3735:Cologne Cathedral
3571:treasure bindings
3442:San Marco, Venice
3314:Capitoline Brutus
3300:, 3rd century BCE
3261:, now in Venice.
2829:Tanagra figurines
2684:Parthenon Marbles
2296:on the left, and
2087:Bust of Nefertiti
2046:, around 1800 BCE
1836:Ancient Near East
1755:Swimming Reindeer
1568:ancient Near East
1562:Ancient Near East
1552:European Iron Age
1525:Swimming Reindeer
1475:Upper Paleolithic
1426:Buddhas of Bamyan
1397:Eastern Orthodoxy
1330:Arnolfo di Cambio
1306:literati painting
1227:African sculpture
919:Hardstone carving
620:Pre-Columbian art
616:Tanagra figurines
598:Small decorative
505:ancient Greek art
438:site-specific art
426:kinetic sculpture
414:environmental art
401:, medal or coin.
387:equestrian statue
379:largest on record
211:or modelling, or
175:that operates in
39:Digital sculpting
16:(Redirected from
15099:
15020:Stolen paintings
14888:Sociology of art
14839:Economics of art
14690:Sculpture garden
14675:Artist-run space
14474:Social sculpture
14344:Installation art
14279:
14272:
14265:
14256:
14255:
14111:
14104:
14097:
14088:
14087:
14069:
14068:
14029:Fallen Astronaut
13746:Modern materials
13610:Modern sculpture
13539:Installation art
13473:
13466:
13459:
13450:
13449:
13439:
13431:
13267:
13164:Kitzinger, Ernst
13042:Frankfort, Henri
12968:, Dutton, 1979,
12887:Boucher, Bruce,
12875:
12862:
12856:
12840:
12834:
12833:
12831:
12829:
12818:"Dia Foundation"
12814:
12808:
12807:
12802:. Archived from
12796:
12790:
12789:
12787:
12785:
12762:
12756:
12747:
12741:
12728:
12722:
12709:
12703:
12696:
12690:
12675:
12669:
12654:
12648:
12645:The Art Bulletin
12637:
12631:
12628:
12622:
12615:
12609:
12591:
12585:
12582:
12576:
12558:
12552:
12549:
12540:
12537:
12531:
12528:
12519:
12516:
12510:
12507:
12501:
12498:
12492:
12489:
12483:
12480:
12471:
12468:
12462:
12459:
12453:
12450:
12444:
12441:
12435:
12432:
12426:
12423:
12417:
12414:
12408:
12405:
12396:
12393:
12387:
12384:
12378:
12375:
12369:
12363:
12357:
12351:Kotobank, Jōchō.
12348:
12342:
12339:
12333:
12320:
12314:
12313:
12311:
12309:
12300:. Archived from
12290:
12281:
12280:
12278:
12276:
12256:
12247:
12244:
12238:
12235:
12229:
12226:
12220:
12217:
12211:
12208:
12202:
12199:
12193:
12190:
12184:
12181:
12175:
12172:
12166:
12163:
12157:
12154:
12148:
12141:
12135:
12132:
12126:
12123:
12117:
12114:
12108:
12105:
12099:
12096:
12090:
12087:
12081:
12078:
12072:
12069:
12063:
12060:
12054:
12051:
12045:
12042:
12036:
12035:Calkins, 193–98.
12033:
12027:
12008:
12002:
11999:
11993:
11990:
11984:
11981:
11975:
11972:
11966:
11965:Calkins, 115–32.
11963:
11957:
11956:Calkins, 107–14.
11954:
11948:
11945:
11939:
11936:
11930:
11927:
11921:
11918:
11912:
11909:
11903:
11900:
11894:
11891:
11885:
11882:
11876:
11873:
11867:
11864:
11858:
11855:
11849:
11838:
11832:
11829:
11823:
11820:
11814:
11811:
11805:
11802:
11796:
11793:
11787:
11776:
11770:
11767:
11761:
11758:
11752:
11741:
11735:
11732:
11726:
11725:
11723:
11721:
11702:
11696:
11695:
11693:
11691:
11672:
11666:
11663:
11657:
11652:
11646:
11643:
11637:
11634:
11628:
11625:
11619:
11616:
11610:
11607:
11601:
11598:
11592:
11589:
11583:
11580:
11574:
11571:
11565:
11562:
11556:
11553:
11547:
11544:
11538:
11535:
11529:
11526:
11520:
11517:
11511:
11508:
11502:
11499:
11493:
11490:
11484:
11483:
11463:
11457:
11450:
11444:
11441:
11435:
11422:Cook, J. (2013)
11420:
11414:
11413:
11393:
11387:
11380:
11374:
11373:
11371:
11369:
11354:
11348:
11345:
11339:
11332:
11326:
11323:
11317:
11316:
11298:
11292:
11289:
11283:
11270:
11264:
11263:
11257:
11249:
11231:
11225:
11224:
11222:
11220:
11205:
11199:
11198:
11196:
11194:
11188:
11181:
11172:
11166:
11165:
11163:
11161:
11146:
11140:
11137:
11131:
11114:
11108:
11107:
11105:
11103:
11088:
11082:
11071:
11065:
11052:
11046:
11023:
11014:
11002:
10993:
10980:
10917:
10912:
10911:
10894:Sculpture garden
10677:Takashi Murakami
10669:Sound sculptures
10592:
10566:
10549:Rachel Whiteread
10545:
10522:
10503:
10484:
10452:
10425:
10399:
10377:
10354:
10300:installation art
10260:Eduardo Paolozzi
10249:Dennis Oppenheim
10173:Andy Goldsworthy
10122:Museo Guggenheim
10120:, 1999, outside
10112:Louise Bourgeois
10108:
10087:
10073:Black Cover Flat
10069:Sir Anthony Caro
10065:
10043:
10025:Alexander Calder
10021:
10011:Kinetic sculptor
9995:
9976:
9954:
9932:John Chamberlain
9928:
9913:Barbara Hepworth
9909:
9894:Jacques Lipchitz
9890:
9868:
9848:
9825:
9804:
9785:
9759:
9744:La Vie Familiale
9736:
9715:
9693:
9674:
9652:
9589:Arnaldo Pomodoro
9565:John Chamberlain
9561:welded sculpture
9557:Sir Anthony Caro
9530:Louise Bourgeois
9514:Alexander Calder
9464:Alexander Calder
9460:Jacques Lipchitz
9349:Installation art
9228:Modern sculpture
9208:Venanzo Crocetti
9137:Libero Andreotti
9117:Aristide Maillol
9068:Robert Wlérick,
9065:
9054:Tuileries Garden
9046:Aristide Maillol
9042:
9028:Before the Bath,
9020:
8999:
8986:, marble, 1903,
8976:
8951:
8925:
8899:, the so-called
8893:
8866:
8829:
8805:
8778:
8738:
8729:, Washington, DC
8715:
8694:
8667:
8657:Washington, D.C.
8653:Lincoln Memorial
8639:
8609:
8590:
8571:Thomas Jefferson
8549:
8486:Carpenter Gothic
8429:
8426:
8402:
8399:
8368:
8365:
8342:
8333:
8330:
8320:
8305:
8290:
8278:
8266:
8247:
8228:
8208:
8192:
8177:
8165:
8150:
8135:
8123:
8108:
8022:, 1st century CE
8016:Candace of Meroë
8011:
7987:
7971:
7947:
7911:
7896:
7840:
7820:
7811:, 4th century CE
7804:
7794:Kingdom of Aksum
7789:
7769:
7678:
7662:
7646:
7634:
7622:
7613:
7610:
7597:
7578:
7563:
7514:Akan goldweights
7456:
7455: late 19th
7453:
7400:
7380:
7364:
7344:
7256:
7247:
7244:
7234:
7218:
7209:
7206:
7190:
7181:
7178:
7164:
7155:
7152:
7134:
7125:
7122:
7112:
7093:
7083:
7080:
7063:
7044:
7034:
7031:
7017:
7008:
7005:
6983:
6973:
6970:
6957:
6947:
6944:
6928:
6918:
6915:
6901:
6821:
6798:
6785:
6782:
6772:
6757:
6741:
6725:
6694:
6679:
6660:
6644:
6634:
6631:
6618:
6609:
6606:
6589:
6569:
6543:
6540:
6515:
6512:
6471:
6468:
6435:The first known
6383:
6367:
6352:
6332:
6313:
6298:
6282:
6267:
6257:
6254:
6244:
6229:
6179:established the
6107:
6104:
6070:
6067:
6049:
6029:
5996:
5977:
5957:
5937:
5916:
5898:
5871:
5862:(202 BCE—220 CE)
5855:
5819:
5810:
5807:
5793:
5784:
5781:
5771:
5751:
5678:
5675:
5631:Chinese ceramics
5611:
5608:
5599:
5576:
5556:
5537:
5521:
5501:
5470:
5320:
5311:
5308:
5295:
5274:
5249:
5166:
5144:
5125:
5115:Antoine Coysevox
5106:
5075:Dutch Golden Age
4983:
4962:
4941:
4915:
4842:High Renaissance
4819:Adriaen de Vries
4798:
4797: 1513–1516
4795:
4780:
4763:
4760:
4745:
4717:
4702:
4685:
4682:
4667:
4650:
4647:
4633:
4619:
4616:
4603:
4579:Lorenzo Ghiberti
4575:
4453:Lorenzo Ghiberti
4419:
4416:
4353:
4331:
4311:
4285:
4269:
4250:
4226:
4207:Bamberg Horseman
4202:
4174:
4154:
4144:
4141:
4134:South portal of
4131:
4121:
4118:
4108:
4024:Fontana Maggiore
3989:
3986:
3950:
3947:
3930:
3911:
3894:The tympanum of
3891:
3870:
3859:pectoral crosses
3681:
3665:
3645:
3547:Migration period
3535:Early Christians
3524:
3521:
3506:
3503:
3469:
3466:
3452:
3435:
3432:
3421:
3411:
3408:
3395:
3374:
3371:
3366:Emperor Claudius
3361:
3349:
3325:
3309:
3291:
3280:consular diptych
3256:
3253:
3194:
3193:
3169:Colossus of Nero
3104:
3103:
3053:
3050:
3044:Apollo Belvedere
3035:
3007:
2990:
2987:
2976:
2963:
2960:
2948:
2930:
2918:
2897:
2881:
2781:Battle of Actium
2718:Athena Promachos
2708:Athena Parthenos
2696:chryselephantine
2662:, c. 447–433 BCE
2618:
2609:
2606:
2601:Temple of Aphaea
2596:
2584:Acropolis Museum
2570:
2547:
2534:
2531:
2521:
2509:
2499:
2496:
2490:
2478:
2455:Temple of Aphaea
2436:, including the
2378:bronze sculpture
2331:
2312:
2282:
2269:
2266:
2255:
2242:
2236:
2227:
2215:
2200:
2181:
2149:Egyptian temples
2055:
2035:
2024:Statues of Gudea
2019:
2003:
1958:votive offerings
1920:Ram in a Thicket
1819:
1800:
1791:
1790: 9,000 BCE
1788:
1783:Şanlıurfa Museum
1775:
1761:
1750:
1732:
1728:
1719:
1709:
1705:
1700:Venus of Laussel
1696:
1686:
1682:
1669:
1659:
1655:
1642:
1632:
1628:
1599:
1522:
1499:
1454:
1450:
1408:. Many forms of
1387:originated with
1365:High Renaissance
1354:Jacopo Sansovino
1298:St Lorenz Church
1187:plaster of Paris
1136:A carved wooden
1090:Oxy-fuel welding
1076:lost-wax casting
1025:marble sculpture
1016:bronze sculpture
886:
883:
878:Temple of Aphaea
838:Andy Goldsworthy
826:Alexander Calder
756:chryselephantine
705:Neolithic Europe
651:statues of Gudea
608:Contemporary art
513:Egyptian temples
490:
487:
446:sculpture garden
339:, metalwork and
297:Longmen Grottoes
251:Gothic sculpture
177:three dimensions
124:
123: 1513–1515
121:
100:
97:
21:
15107:
15106:
15102:
15101:
15100:
15098:
15097:
15096:
15067:
15066:
15065:
15060:
15046:Painting portal
15037:
14944:sculpture parks
14897:
14856:Elements of art
14824:Cultural policy
14766:
14718:Timeline of art
14704:
14695:Sculpture trail
14574:
14568:
14493:
14410:Performance art
14292:
14283:
14253:
14248:
14235:
14166:Decorative arts
14120:
14115:
14085:
14080:
14057:
14051:Statue of Unity
14003:Mount Rushmore
13996:Abraham Lincoln
13949:Lion of Belfort
13942:Nelson's Column
13860:Terracotta Army
13812:
13741:
13655:
13624:
13578:
13482:
13477:
13444:Tracking Colour
13417:Wayback Machine
13396:Sculpture "hub"
13392:
13387:
13284:Simon, Joshua.
13264:
13196:Rawson, Jessica
12883:
12878:
12872:Wayback Machine
12863:
12859:
12853:Wayback Machine
12841:
12837:
12827:
12825:
12816:
12815:
12811:
12798:
12797:
12793:
12783:
12781:
12764:
12763:
12759:
12748:
12744:
12729:
12725:
12710:
12706:
12697:
12693:
12687:Wayback Machine
12676:
12672:
12655:
12651:
12638:
12634:
12629:
12625:
12616:
12612:
12602:Wayback Machine
12592:
12588:
12583:
12579:
12569:Wayback Machine
12559:
12555:
12550:
12543:
12538:
12534:
12529:
12522:
12517:
12513:
12508:
12504:
12499:
12495:
12490:
12486:
12481:
12474:
12469:
12465:
12460:
12456:
12451:
12447:
12442:
12438:
12433:
12429:
12424:
12420:
12415:
12411:
12406:
12399:
12394:
12390:
12385:
12381:
12376:
12372:
12364:
12360:
12349:
12345:
12340:
12336:
12330:Wayback Machine
12321:
12317:
12307:
12305:
12292:
12291:
12284:
12274:
12272:
12257:
12250:
12245:
12241:
12236:
12232:
12227:
12223:
12218:
12214:
12210:Rawson, 138–38.
12209:
12205:
12200:
12196:
12191:
12187:
12182:
12178:
12173:
12169:
12164:
12160:
12156:Boucher, 16–18.
12155:
12151:
12142:
12138:
12134:Olson, 194–202.
12133:
12129:
12124:
12120:
12115:
12111:
12106:
12102:
12097:
12093:
12088:
12084:
12079:
12075:
12070:
12066:
12061:
12057:
12052:
12048:
12043:
12039:
12034:
12030:
12017:Wayback Machine
12009:
12005:
12001:Snyder, 305–11.
12000:
11996:
11991:
11987:
11982:
11978:
11973:
11969:
11964:
11960:
11955:
11951:
11946:
11942:
11937:
11933:
11928:
11924:
11919:
11915:
11910:
11906:
11901:
11897:
11892:
11888:
11883:
11879:
11874:
11870:
11865:
11861:
11856:
11852:
11839:
11835:
11830:
11826:
11821:
11817:
11812:
11808:
11803:
11799:
11794:
11790:
11777:
11773:
11768:
11764:
11759:
11755:
11742:
11738:
11733:
11729:
11719:
11717:
11704:
11703:
11699:
11689:
11687:
11674:
11673:
11669:
11664:
11660:
11653:
11649:
11644:
11640:
11635:
11631:
11626:
11622:
11617:
11613:
11608:
11604:
11599:
11595:
11590:
11586:
11581:
11577:
11572:
11568:
11563:
11559:
11554:
11550:
11545:
11541:
11536:
11532:
11527:
11523:
11518:
11514:
11509:
11505:
11500:
11496:
11492:Sandars, 75–80.
11491:
11487:
11480:
11464:
11460:
11451:
11447:
11442:
11438:
11421:
11417:
11410:
11394:
11390:
11381:
11377:
11367:
11365:
11356:
11355:
11351:
11346:
11342:
11333:
11329:
11325:Rawson, 134–35.
11324:
11320:
11313:
11299:
11295:
11290:
11286:
11280:Wayback Machine
11271:
11267:
11251:
11250:
11246:
11232:
11228:
11218:
11216:
11207:
11206:
11202:
11192:
11190:
11186:
11179:
11173:
11169:
11159:
11157:
11148:
11147:
11143:
11138:
11134:
11129:Wayback Machine
11115:
11111:
11101:
11099:
11090:
11089:
11085:
11072:
11068:
11062:Wayback Machine
11055:NGA, Washington
11053:
11049:
11035:Wayback Machine
11024:
11017:
11012:Wayback Machine
11003:
10996:
10990:Wayback Machine
10981:
10977:
10973:
10968:
10913:
10906:
10903:
10898:
10852:
10847:
10778:
10773:
10754:
10749:
10697:
10664:Snow sculptures
10640:Light sculpture
10624:Robert Smithson
10611:
10604:
10597:Spire of Dublin
10593:
10584:
10574:light sculpture
10567:
10558:
10546:
10537:
10523:
10514:
10504:
10495:
10485:
10476:
10467:
10453:
10444:
10426:
10417:
10400:
10391:
10378:
10369:
10355:
10346:
10328:, and those of
10276:Edward Kienholz
10268:Claes Oldenburg
10213:Robert Smithson
10177:Walter De Maria
10156:
10131:
10124:
10109:
10100:
10088:
10079:
10075:, 1974, steel,
10066:
10057:
10047:Louise Nevelson
10044:
10035:
10022:
10013:
9996:
9987:
9984:Chicago Picasso
9977:
9968:
9955:
9946:
9944:Washington, DC.
9929:
9920:
9910:
9901:
9891:
9882:
9869:
9860:
9849:
9840:
9826:
9817:
9805:
9796:
9786:
9777:
9760:
9751:
9737:
9728:
9716:
9707:
9694:
9685:
9675:
9666:
9653:
9644:
9636:Fernando Botero
9624:Marisol Escobar
9575:, Donald Judd,
9538:Louise Nevelson
9522:Richard Lippold
9497:Chicago Picasso
9432:Gaston Lachaise
9427:series (1924).
9241:Floating Figure
9237:Gaston Lachaise
9230:
9224:
9212:Charles Despiau
9141:Gustav Vigeland
9106:Camille Claudel
9076:
9066:
9057:
9043:
9034:
9021:
9012:
9003:Camille Claudel
9000:
8991:
8988:Musée Bourdelle
8977:
8968:
8952:
8943:
8926:
8917:
8894:
8885:
8867:
8858:
8830:
8821:
8806:
8797:
8779:
8770:
8765:
8758:
8739:
8730:
8716:
8707:
8695:
8686:
8684:Battle of Sitka
8668:
8659:
8648:Abraham Lincoln
8640:
8631:
8610:
8601:
8591:
8582:
8579:Abraham Lincoln
8557:Lincoln Borglum
8550:
8499:The history of
8482:Churrigueresque
8427:
8400:
8377:
8370:
8366:
8343:
8334:
8331:
8321:
8312:
8311:face 600–900 CE
8306:
8297:
8291:
8282:
8279:
8270:
8267:
8258:
8248:
8239:
8229:
8220:
8209:
8200:
8193:
8184:
8183:mask 200–600 CE
8178:
8169:
8166:
8157:
8151:
8142:
8136:
8127:
8124:
8115:
8109:
8100:
8052:
8030:
8023:
8012:
8003:
8000:Kingdom of Kush
7996:Meroitic period
7988:
7979:
7972:
7963:
7948:
7939:
7912:
7903:
7897:
7885:Meroitic period
7881:Kingdom of Kush
7869:
7867:Nubian pyramids
7863:
7856:
7841:
7832:
7821:
7812:
7809:Obelisk of Axum
7805:
7796:
7790:
7781:
7778:Tigray Province
7770:
7752:. However, the
7702:
7692:
7685:
7684:figure, Nigeria
7679:
7670:
7663:
7654:
7647:
7638:
7635:
7626:
7623:
7614:
7611:
7598:
7589:
7579:
7570:
7564:
7492:Kingdom of Kush
7454:
7430:
7423:
7401:
7392:
7381:
7372:
7365:
7356:
7345:
7275:
7268:
7257:
7248:
7245:
7235:
7226:
7219:
7210:
7207:
7191:
7182:
7179:
7165:
7156:
7153:
7135:
7126:
7123:
7113:
7104:
7094:
7085:
7081:
7064:
7055:
7045:
7036:
7032:
7022:Avalokiteshvara
7018:
7009:
7006:
6984:
6975:
6971:
6958:
6949:
6945:
6929:
6920:
6916:
6902:
6847:Khmer sculpture
6832:
6830:South-East Asia
6825:
6822:
6813:
6799:
6790:
6783:
6773:
6764:
6758:
6749:
6742:
6733:
6726:
6717:
6695:
6686:
6680:
6671:
6669:Elephanta Caves
6661:
6652:
6645:
6636:
6632:
6619:
6610:
6607:
6590:
6581:
6570:
6558:Pallava dynasty
6541:
6526:Elephanta Caves
6513:
6470: 1500 BCE
6469:
6411:
6397:
6390:
6384:
6375:
6368:
6359:
6353:
6344:
6333:
6324:
6314:
6305:
6299:
6290:
6283:
6274:
6268:
6259:
6256: 2750 BCE
6255:
6245:
6173:Kamakura period
6128:pottery vessels
6105:
6092:
6078:
6071:
6068:
6050:
6041:
6030:
6021:
5997:
5988:
5978:
5969:
5958:
5949:
5938:
5929:
5917:
5908:
5899:
5890:
5878:container with
5872:
5863:
5856:
5847:
5820:
5811:
5808:
5798:Terracotta Army
5794:
5785:
5782:
5772:
5763:
5752:
5693:Terracotta Army
5677: 1500 BCE
5676:
5641:
5625:Main articles:
5623:
5616:
5609:
5600:
5591:
5577:
5568:
5557:
5548:
5538:
5529:
5522:
5513:
5502:
5493:
5471:
5441:, and then the
5387:Classical Greek
5354:
5348:
5343:
5336:
5329:The Greek Slave
5321:
5312:
5309:
5296:
5287:
5275:
5266:
5250:
5193:
5187:
5180:
5167:
5158:
5156:Musée du Louvre
5145:
5136:
5130:Francesco Mochi
5126:
5117:
5107:
5012:
5006:
4999:
4984:
4975:
4963:
4954:
4942:
4933:
4916:
4812:
4806:
4799:
4796:
4781:
4772:
4761:
4746:
4737:
4726:Doubting Thomas
4718:
4709:
4703:
4694:
4688:Palazzo Vecchio
4683:
4668:
4659:
4653:Bargello Museum
4648:
4634:
4625:
4617:
4604:
4595:
4581:, panel of the
4576:
4445:
4437:Main articles:
4417:
4383:
4376:
4354:
4345:
4332:
4323:
4312:
4303:
4286:
4277:
4272:Central German
4270:
4261:
4251:
4242:
4227:
4218:
4203:
4194:
4175:
4166:
4159:Reims Cathedral
4157:West portal at
4155:
4146:
4142:
4132:
4123:
4119:
4111:West portal of
4109:
3997:Reims Cathedral
3987:
3965:
3959:
3952:
3951:–13th centuries
3948:
3931:
3922:
3912:
3903:
3902:, France, 1130s
3892:
3883:
3871:
3832:Cloisters Cross
3709:
3703:
3696:
3682:
3673:
3666:
3657:
3650:Archangel Ivory
3646:
3567:Carolingian art
3561:productions of
3522:
3504:
3486:
3479:
3467:
3453:
3444:
3433:
3422:
3413:
3409:
3396:
3387:
3385:Vatican Museums
3372:
3362:
3353:
3350:
3341:
3339:Vatican Museums
3326:
3317:
3310:
3301:
3292:
3263:Ernst Kitzinger
3254:
3230:pottery vessels
3205:Campana reliefs
3185:Marcus Aurelius
3081:Trajan's Column
3073:
3071:Roman sculpture
3067:
3065:Roman sculpture
3062:
3055:
3051:
3036:
3027:
3015:, Greek, (Late
3008:
2999:
2988:
2977:
2968:
2961:
2949:
2940:
2931:
2922:
2919:
2910:
2898:
2889:
2882:
2807:Vatican Museums
2785:Republican Rome
2741:
2724:Ludovisi Hermes
2648:
2641:
2619:
2610:
2607:
2597:
2586:
2571:
2562:
2548:
2539:
2532:
2526:New York Kouros
2522:
2513:
2510:
2501:
2497:
2491:
2482:
2479:
2396:The subsequent
2364:
2358:
2353:
2346:
2332:
2323:
2313:
2304:
2283:
2274:
2268: 1250 BCE
2267:
2256:
2247:
2245:Egyptian Museum
2237:
2228:
2219:
2216:
2207:
2201:
2192:
2182:
2105:
2075:
2068:
2056:
2047:
2036:
2027:
2020:
2011:
2008:Guennol Lioness
2004:
1988:Lachish reliefs
1891:Guennol Lioness
1877:, dominated by
1852:
1840:Main articles:
1838:
1831:
1820:
1811:
1801:
1792:
1789:
1776:
1767:
1759:
1751:
1742:
1730:
1726:
1723:Creeping Hyena,
1720:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1670:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1619:anthropomorphic
1600:
1564:
1520:
1513:Venus figurines
1509:prehistoric art
1507:Much surviving
1497:
1490:anthropomorphic
1467:
1462:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1382:
1350:Giovanni Pisano
1283:
1259:Claes Oldenburg
1255:soft sculptures
1251:
1207:
1178:
1172:
1146:Shanghai Museum
1115:
982:
925:stones such as
891:Stone sculpture
884:
870:
717:
488:
458:
430:physical motion
410:light sculpture
406:sound sculpture
383:Statue of Unity
285:
122:
98:
49:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
15105:
15095:
15094:
15089:
15084:
15079:
15062:
15061:
15059:
15058:
15053:
15048:
15042:
15039:
15038:
15036:
15035:
15022:
15017:
15016:
15015:
15005:
15000:
14999:
14998:
14996:by nationality
14993:
14983:
14978:
14976:Modern artists
14973:
14968:
14963:
14958:
14953:
14952:
14951:
14946:
14941:
14936:
14926:
14921:
14919:Art techniques
14916:
14911:
14905:
14903:
14899:
14898:
14896:
14895:
14890:
14885:
14880:
14879:
14878:
14873:
14863:
14858:
14853:
14852:
14851:
14846:
14836:
14831:
14826:
14821:
14820:
14819:
14809:
14808:
14807:
14805:deaccessioning
14797:
14792:
14785:
14780:
14774:
14772:
14768:
14767:
14765:
14764:
14759:
14758:
14757:
14747:
14746:
14745:
14735:
14730:
14725:
14720:
14714:
14712:
14710:History of art
14706:
14705:
14703:
14702:
14700:Virtual museum
14697:
14692:
14687:
14682:
14677:
14672:
14667:
14662:
14657:
14652:
14647:
14642:
14641:
14640:
14630:
14629:
14628:
14618:
14617:
14616:
14606:
14605:
14604:
14597:Art exhibition
14594:
14589:
14584:
14578:
14576:
14570:
14569:
14567:
14566:
14565:
14564:
14554:
14549:
14544:
14539:
14534:
14529:
14528:
14527:
14522:
14512:
14507:
14501:
14499:
14495:
14494:
14492:
14491:
14486:
14481:
14479:Soft sculpture
14476:
14471:
14466:
14465:
14464:
14459:
14454:
14449:
14439:
14438:
14437:
14427:
14422:
14417:
14412:
14407:
14402:
14401:
14400:
14395:
14390:
14380:
14379:
14378:
14373:
14363:
14362:
14361:
14351:
14346:
14341:
14336:
14331:
14326:
14321:
14316:
14314:Conceptual art
14311:
14306:
14300:
14298:
14294:
14293:
14282:
14281:
14274:
14267:
14259:
14250:
14249:
14247:
14246:
14240:
14237:
14236:
14234:
14233:
14228:
14223:
14218:
14213:
14208:
14203:
14198:
14193:
14188:
14183:
14178:
14173:
14168:
14163:
14162:
14161:
14151:
14146:
14141:
14136:
14131:
14125:
14122:
14121:
14114:
14113:
14106:
14099:
14091:
14082:
14081:
14079:
14078:
14073:
14062:
14059:
14058:
14056:
14055:
14047:
14041:
14037:Mother Ukraine
14033:
14025:
14017:
14009:
14000:
13992:
13986:
13978:
13970:
13962:
13953:
13945:
13939:
13933:
13925:
13917:
13909:
13903:
13897:
13891:
13885:
13879:
13871:
13863:
13857:
13849:
13843:
13833:
13827:
13820:
13818:
13814:
13813:
13811:
13810:
13805:
13800:
13795:
13790:
13785:
13780:
13775:
13770:
13765:
13760:
13755:
13749:
13747:
13743:
13742:
13740:
13739:
13734:
13729:
13724:
13719:
13714:
13709:
13704:
13699:
13694:
13689:
13684:
13679:
13674:
13669:
13663:
13661:
13657:
13656:
13654:
13653:
13648:
13643:
13641:Negative space
13638:
13632:
13630:
13626:
13625:
13623:
13622:
13617:
13612:
13607:
13605:Jain sculpture
13602:
13597:
13592:
13586:
13584:
13580:
13579:
13577:
13576:
13571:
13566:
13564:Soft sculpture
13561:
13556:
13551:
13546:
13541:
13536:
13531:
13526:
13521:
13516:
13511:
13506:
13501:
13496:
13490:
13488:
13484:
13483:
13476:
13475:
13468:
13461:
13453:
13447:
13446:
13440:
13426:, ed. (1911).
13424:Chisholm, Hugh
13420:
13407:
13402:
13391:
13390:External links
13388:
13386:
13385:
13371:
13357:
13342:
13327:
13310:
13296:
13286:Neomaterialism
13282:
13268:
13262:
13245:
13238:
13224:
13210:
13193:
13179:
13161:
13147:
13130:
13113:
13099:
13085:
13073:Harle, J. C.,
13071:
13056:
13039:
13022:
13007:
12990:
12978:Cherry, John.
12976:
12962:
12948:
12933:
12919:Boardman, John
12916:
12899:
12884:
12882:
12879:
12877:
12876:
12857:
12835:
12809:
12791:
12757:
12742:
12723:
12704:
12691:
12670:
12649:
12632:
12623:
12610:
12586:
12577:
12553:
12541:
12532:
12520:
12511:
12502:
12493:
12484:
12472:
12463:
12454:
12445:
12443:Harle, 276–84.
12436:
12427:
12418:
12409:
12397:
12388:
12379:
12370:
12358:
12343:
12334:
12315:
12282:
12248:
12239:
12230:
12228:Rawson, 163–65
12221:
12212:
12203:
12194:
12185:
12176:
12167:
12158:
12149:
12145:Cornaro chapel
12136:
12127:
12125:Olson, 182–83.
12118:
12116:Olson, 183–87.
12109:
12107:Olson, 179–82.
12100:
12091:
12082:
12080:Olson, 149–50.
12073:
12064:
12055:
12046:
12037:
12028:
12020:V&A Museum
12003:
11994:
11992:Snyder, 65–69.
11985:
11976:
11967:
11958:
11949:
11940:
11931:
11922:
11913:
11904:
11895:
11886:
11877:
11868:
11859:
11850:
11833:
11824:
11815:
11806:
11797:
11788:
11771:
11762:
11753:
11736:
11727:
11697:
11667:
11658:
11647:
11638:
11629:
11620:
11611:
11602:
11593:
11584:
11575:
11566:
11557:
11548:
11539:
11530:
11521:
11512:
11503:
11494:
11485:
11478:
11458:
11445:
11436:
11415:
11408:
11388:
11375:
11349:
11340:
11327:
11318:
11311:
11293:
11284:
11265:
11244:
11226:
11200:
11167:
11141:
11132:
11109:
11083:
11066:
11047:
11015:
10994:
10974:
10972:
10969:
10967:
10966:
10961:
10956:
10951:
10946:
10941:
10936:
10931:
10926:
10920:
10919:
10918:
10902:
10899:
10897:
10896:
10891:
10890:
10889:
10879:
10874:
10869:
10867:Marriage stone
10864:
10859:
10853:
10851:
10848:
10846:
10845:
10840:
10835:
10830:
10825:
10820:
10815:
10810:
10805:
10800:
10795:
10790:
10785:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10772:
10771:
10766:
10761:
10755:
10753:
10750:
10748:
10745:
10707:on a sculpture
10696:
10693:
10683:, designed by
10610:
10607:
10606:
10605:
10594:
10587:
10585:
10568:
10561:
10559:
10557:, Vienna, 2000
10547:
10540:
10538:
10524:
10517:
10515:
10505:
10498:
10496:
10486:
10479:
10475:
10473:Postminimalism
10470:
10469:
10468:
10454:
10447:
10445:
10427:
10420:
10418:
10401:
10394:
10392:
10379:
10372:
10370:
10356:
10349:
10345:
10342:
10314:, 1965, is by
10306:Conceptual art
10253:Postminimalist
10217:Michael Heizer
10130:
10127:
10126:
10125:
10110:
10103:
10101:
10096:Woman and Bird
10089:
10082:
10080:
10067:
10060:
10058:
10045:
10038:
10036:
10023:
10016:
10014:
9997:
9990:
9988:
9978:
9971:
9969:
9956:
9949:
9947:
9930:
9923:
9921:
9911:
9904:
9902:
9892:
9885:
9883:
9872:Käthe Kollwitz
9870:
9863:
9861:
9850:
9843:
9841:
9827:
9820:
9818:
9808:Marcel Duchamp
9806:
9799:
9797:
9789:Otto Gutfreund
9787:
9780:
9778:
9761:
9754:
9752:
9738:
9731:
9729:
9717:
9710:
9708:
9695:
9688:
9686:
9684:, 1908, bronze
9676:
9669:
9667:
9654:
9647:
9643:
9640:
9612:Leonard Baskin
9569:Mark di Suvero
9452:Julio González
9397:Marcel Duchamp
9393:Robert Arneson
9351:among others.
9313:Constructivism
9226:Main article:
9223:
9220:
9200:Arturo Martini
9180:Jose de Creeft
9125:Joseph Bernard
9110:Hugo Rheinhold
9078:
9077:
9067:
9060:
9058:
9044:
9037:
9035:
9022:
9015:
9013:
9001:
8994:
8992:
8978:
8971:
8969:
8953:
8946:
8944:
8927:
8920:
8918:
8897:Alfred Gilbert
8895:
8888:
8886:
8868:
8861:
8859:
8834:Per Hasselberg
8831:
8824:
8822:
8807:
8800:
8798:
8780:
8773:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8760:
8759:
8740:
8733:
8731:
8717:
8710:
8708:
8696:
8689:
8687:
8669:
8662:
8660:
8651:(1920) in the
8641:
8634:
8632:
8625:Beaumont Tower
8611:
8604:
8602:
8592:
8585:
8583:
8562:Mount Rushmore
8553:Gutzon Borglum
8551:
8544:
8376:
8373:
8372:
8371:
8344:
8337:
8335:
8332: 1000 CE
8322:
8315:
8313:
8307:
8300:
8298:
8292:
8285:
8283:
8280:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8261:
8259:
8249:
8242:
8240:
8230:
8223:
8221:
8210:
8203:
8201:
8194:
8187:
8185:
8179:
8172:
8170:
8167:
8160:
8158:
8156:2nd century CE
8152:
8145:
8143:
8137:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8118:
8116:
8110:
8103:
8099:
8096:
8029:
8026:
8025:
8024:
8013:
8006:
8004:
7989:
7982:
7980:
7973:
7966:
7964:
7950:Statue of the
7949:
7942:
7940:
7913:
7906:
7904:
7898:
7891:
7862:
7859:
7858:
7857:
7842:
7835:
7833:
7831:, 12th century
7822:
7815:
7813:
7806:
7799:
7797:
7791:
7784:
7782:
7771:
7764:
7700:Lalibela Cross
7691:
7688:
7687:
7686:
7680:
7673:
7671:
7669:, 19th century
7664:
7657:
7655:
7648:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7617:
7615:
7599:
7592:
7590:
7580:
7573:
7571:
7565:
7558:
7544:Zimbabwe Birds
7537:Great Zimbabwe
7429:
7426:
7425:
7424:
7402:
7395:
7393:
7382:
7375:
7373:
7366:
7359:
7357:
7349:Mshatta Facade
7346:
7339:
7298:Mshatta Facade
7274:
7271:
7270:
7269:
7258:
7251:
7249:
7236:
7229:
7227:
7220:
7213:
7211:
7194:Prajnaparamita
7192:
7185:
7183:
7166:
7159:
7157:
7136:
7129:
7127:
7117:Jayavarman VII
7114:
7107:
7105:
7095:
7088:
7086:
7065:
7058:
7056:
7046:
7039:
7037:
7019:
7012:
7010:
6985:
6978:
6976:
6959:
6952:
6950:
6930:
6923:
6921:
6903:
6896:
6831:
6828:
6827:
6826:
6823:
6816:
6814:
6800:
6793:
6791:
6774:
6767:
6765:
6759:
6752:
6750:
6743:
6736:
6734:
6727:
6720:
6718:
6696:
6689:
6687:
6681:
6674:
6672:
6662:
6655:
6653:
6646:
6639:
6637:
6620:
6613:
6611:
6608: 250 BCE
6591:
6584:
6582:
6571:
6564:
6451:in modern-day
6396:
6393:
6392:
6391:
6385:
6378:
6376:
6369:
6362:
6360:
6354:
6347:
6345:
6334:
6327:
6325:
6315:
6308:
6306:
6300:
6293:
6291:
6284:
6277:
6275:
6269:
6262:
6260:
6246:
6239:
6077:
6074:
6073:
6072:
6051:
6044:
6042:
6031:
6024:
6022:
6008:Blanc de Chine
5998:
5991:
5989:
5987:, 12th century
5979:
5972:
5970:
5959:
5952:
5950:
5939:
5932:
5930:
5918:
5911:
5909:
5900:
5893:
5891:
5873:
5866:
5864:
5857:
5850:
5848:
5821:
5814:
5812:
5795:
5788:
5786:
5773:
5766:
5764:
5753:
5746:
5622:
5619:
5618:
5617:
5601:
5594:
5592:
5578:
5571:
5569:
5558:
5551:
5549:
5539:
5532:
5530:
5523:
5516:
5514:
5512:, Afghanistan.
5503:
5496:
5494:
5472:
5465:
5459:Dunhuang Caves
5379:Greco-Buddhism
5350:Main article:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5338:
5337:
5322:
5315:
5313:
5297:
5290:
5288:
5276:
5269:
5267:
5251:
5244:
5226:Antonio Canova
5222:Antonio Canova
5200:Antonio Canova
5189:Main article:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5181:
5168:
5161:
5159:
5146:
5139:
5137:
5127:
5120:
5118:
5108:
5101:
5083:Trevi Fountain
5071:tomb monuments
5008:Main article:
5005:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4985:
4978:
4976:
4964:
4957:
4955:
4943:
4936:
4934:
4917:
4910:
4808:Main article:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4782:
4775:
4773:
4747:
4740:
4738:
4719:
4712:
4710:
4704:
4697:
4695:
4669:
4662:
4660:
4635:
4628:
4626:
4605:
4598:
4596:
4577:
4570:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4377:
4356:Detail of the
4355:
4348:
4346:
4333:
4326:
4324:
4313:
4306:
4304:
4287:
4280:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4262:
4252:
4245:
4243:
4231:Walters Casket
4228:
4221:
4219:
4204:
4197:
4195:
4176:
4169:
4167:
4156:
4149:
4147:
4133:
4126:
4124:
4110:
4103:
4068:Scaliger Tombs
3961:Main article:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3932:
3925:
3923:
3913:
3906:
3904:
3893:
3886:
3884:
3872:
3865:
3851:Lewis chessmen
3742:Romanesque art
3717:Brunswick Lion
3707:Romanesque art
3705:Main article:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3697:
3683:
3676:
3674:
3667:
3660:
3658:
3655:Constantinople
3647:
3640:
3630:Pictish stones
3523: 965–970
3485:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3478:and his family
3459:known as the "
3454:
3447:
3445:
3423:
3416:
3414:
3397:
3390:
3388:
3363:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3344:
3342:
3327:
3320:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3302:
3293:
3286:
3259:Constantinople
3247:Four Tetrarchs
3218:Gemma Augustea
3123:Roman Republic
3069:Main article:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3037:
3030:
3028:
3025:Vatican Museum
3009:
3002:
3000:
2978:
2971:
2969:
2962: 190 BCE
2950:
2943:
2941:
2932:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2913:
2911:
2899:
2892:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2856:Greek colonies
2837:Barberini Faun
2812:The Dying Gaul
2793:Pergamon Altar
2749:Pergamon Altar
2740:
2737:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2635:Archaic period
2620:
2613:
2611:
2598:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2578:, c. 530 BCE,
2572:
2565:
2563:
2549:
2542:
2540:
2523:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2504:
2502:
2492:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2473:
2432:were added to
2422:Kroisos Kouros
2406:Archaic period
2360:Main article:
2357:
2356:Ancient Greece
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2333:
2326:
2324:
2314:
2307:
2305:
2284:
2277:
2275:
2272:British Museum
2261:Younger Memnon
2257:
2250:
2248:
2229:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2210:
2208:
2202:
2195:
2193:
2189:Narmer Palette
2183:
2176:
2117:Narmer Palette
2074:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2064:, c. 640 BCE,
2057:
2050:
2048:
2044:Old Babylonian
2037:
2030:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1978:British Museum
1942:cylinder seals
1887:cylinder seals
1837:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1821:
1814:
1812:
1802:
1795:
1793:
1777:
1770:
1768:
1752:
1745:
1743:
1721:
1714:
1712:
1698:
1691:
1689:
1671:
1664:
1662:
1644:
1637:
1635:
1601:
1594:
1563:
1560:
1494:woolly mammoth
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1437:
1434:
1381:
1378:
1310:ancient Greece
1282:
1279:
1250:
1249:Soft materials
1247:
1206:
1203:
1171:
1168:
1160:moulding glass
1114:
1111:
1045:silversmithing
995:, 8 x 9.8 cm,
981:
978:
885: 500 BCE
869:
866:
846:sand sculpture
784:cylinder seals
716:
713:
709:Oxborough Dirk
643:Narmer Palette
628:Begram ivories
624:Nimrud ivories
457:
454:
284:
281:
239:ancient Greece
162:Antony Gormley
135:Pope Julius II
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
15104:
15093:
15090:
15088:
15085:
15083:
15080:
15078:
15075:
15074:
15072:
15057:
15054:
15052:
15049:
15047:
15044:
15043:
15040:
15034:
15030:
15026:
15023:
15021:
15018:
15014:
15011:
15010:
15009:
15006:
15004:
15003:Photographers
15001:
14997:
14994:
14992:
14989:
14988:
14987:
14984:
14982:
14979:
14977:
14974:
14972:
14969:
14967:
14964:
14962:
14959:
14957:
14954:
14950:
14949:single artist
14947:
14945:
14942:
14940:
14937:
14935:
14932:
14931:
14930:
14927:
14925:
14924:Art movements
14922:
14920:
14917:
14915:
14912:
14910:
14909:Art magazines
14907:
14906:
14904:
14900:
14894:
14891:
14889:
14886:
14884:
14881:
14877:
14874:
14872:
14869:
14868:
14867:
14864:
14862:
14859:
14857:
14854:
14850:
14849:art valuation
14847:
14845:
14842:
14841:
14840:
14837:
14835:
14832:
14830:
14827:
14825:
14822:
14818:
14815:
14814:
14813:
14810:
14806:
14803:
14802:
14801:
14798:
14796:
14793:
14791:
14790:
14786:
14784:
14781:
14779:
14776:
14775:
14773:
14769:
14763:
14760:
14756:
14753:
14752:
14751:
14748:
14744:
14741:
14740:
14739:
14736:
14734:
14733:Art movements
14731:
14729:
14728:Art manifesto
14726:
14724:
14721:
14719:
14716:
14715:
14713:
14711:
14707:
14701:
14698:
14696:
14693:
14691:
14688:
14686:
14683:
14681:
14678:
14676:
14673:
14671:
14668:
14666:
14663:
14661:
14658:
14656:
14653:
14651:
14650:Arts festival
14648:
14646:
14643:
14639:
14636:
14635:
14634:
14631:
14627:
14624:
14623:
14622:
14619:
14615:
14612:
14611:
14610:
14607:
14603:
14600:
14599:
14598:
14595:
14593:
14590:
14588:
14585:
14583:
14580:
14579:
14577:
14571:
14563:
14560:
14559:
14558:
14555:
14553:
14550:
14548:
14545:
14543:
14540:
14538:
14535:
14533:
14530:
14526:
14523:
14521:
14518:
14517:
14516:
14513:
14511:
14508:
14506:
14503:
14502:
14500:
14496:
14490:
14489:Artwork title
14487:
14485:
14484:Stained glass
14482:
14480:
14477:
14475:
14472:
14470:
14467:
14463:
14460:
14458:
14455:
14453:
14450:
14448:
14445:
14444:
14443:
14440:
14436:
14433:
14432:
14431:
14428:
14426:
14423:
14421:
14418:
14416:
14413:
14411:
14408:
14406:
14403:
14399:
14396:
14394:
14391:
14389:
14386:
14385:
14384:
14383:New media art
14381:
14377:
14374:
14372:
14369:
14368:
14367:
14364:
14360:
14357:
14356:
14355:
14352:
14350:
14347:
14345:
14342:
14340:
14337:
14335:
14332:
14330:
14327:
14325:
14322:
14320:
14317:
14315:
14312:
14310:
14307:
14305:
14304:Appropriation
14302:
14301:
14299:
14295:
14291:
14287:
14280:
14275:
14273:
14268:
14266:
14261:
14260:
14257:
14245:
14242:
14241:
14238:
14232:
14229:
14227:
14224:
14222:
14219:
14217:
14214:
14212:
14209:
14207:
14204:
14202:
14199:
14197:
14194:
14192:
14189:
14187:
14184:
14182:
14179:
14177:
14174:
14172:
14169:
14167:
14164:
14160:
14159:pallet crafts
14157:
14156:
14155:
14152:
14150:
14147:
14145:
14142:
14140:
14137:
14135:
14132:
14130:
14127:
14126:
14123:
14119:
14112:
14107:
14105:
14100:
14098:
14093:
14092:
14089:
14077:
14074:
14072:
14064:
14063:
14060:
14053:
14052:
14048:
14045:
14042:
14039:
14038:
14034:
14031:
14030:
14026:
14023:
14022:
14018:
14015:
14014:
14010:
14007:
14006:
14001:
13998:
13997:
13993:
13990:
13987:
13984:
13983:
13979:
13976:
13975:
13971:
13968:
13967:
13963:
13960:
13958:
13954:
13951:
13950:
13946:
13943:
13940:
13937:
13934:
13931:
13930:
13929:Veiled Christ
13926:
13923:
13922:
13918:
13915:
13914:
13910:
13907:
13904:
13901:
13898:
13895:
13892:
13889:
13886:
13883:
13880:
13878:(130–100 BCE)
13877:
13876:
13875:Venus de Milo
13872:
13869:
13868:
13864:
13862:(246–210 BCE)
13861:
13858:
13855:
13854:
13850:
13847:
13844:
13841:
13837:
13836:Elgin Marbles
13834:
13832:(c. 1264 BCE)
13831:
13828:
13825:
13822:
13821:
13819:
13815:
13809:
13806:
13804:
13801:
13799:
13796:
13794:
13791:
13789:
13786:
13784:
13781:
13779:
13776:
13774:
13771:
13769:
13766:
13764:
13761:
13759:
13756:
13754:
13751:
13750:
13748:
13744:
13738:
13735:
13733:
13730:
13728:
13725:
13723:
13720:
13718:
13715:
13713:
13710:
13708:
13705:
13703:
13700:
13698:
13695:
13693:
13690:
13688:
13685:
13683:
13680:
13678:
13675:
13673:
13670:
13668:
13665:
13664:
13662:
13658:
13652:
13649:
13647:
13644:
13642:
13639:
13637:
13634:
13633:
13631:
13627:
13621:
13618:
13616:
13613:
13611:
13608:
13606:
13603:
13601:
13598:
13596:
13593:
13591:
13588:
13587:
13585:
13581:
13575:
13572:
13570:
13567:
13565:
13562:
13560:
13557:
13555:
13552:
13550:
13547:
13545:
13542:
13540:
13537:
13535:
13532:
13530:
13527:
13525:
13522:
13520:
13519:Gas sculpture
13517:
13515:
13512:
13510:
13507:
13505:
13502:
13500:
13497:
13495:
13492:
13491:
13489:
13485:
13481:
13474:
13469:
13467:
13462:
13460:
13455:
13454:
13451:
13445:
13441:
13437:
13436:
13430:
13425:
13421:
13418:
13414:
13411:
13408:
13406:
13403:
13401:
13397:
13394:
13393:
13384:
13380:
13376:
13372:
13370:
13369:0-300-05293-6
13366:
13362:
13358:
13355:
13351:
13347:
13343:
13340:
13336:
13332:
13328:
13326:
13325:0-13-623596-4
13322:
13318:
13314:
13313:Snyder, James
13311:
13309:
13308:0-300-07747-5
13305:
13301:
13297:
13295:
13291:
13287:
13283:
13281:
13277:
13273:
13269:
13265:
13259:
13255:
13254:
13251:
13246:
13243:
13239:
13237:
13233:
13229:
13225:
13223:
13222:3-7913-3055-1
13219:
13215:
13211:
13209:
13205:
13201:
13197:
13194:
13192:
13188:
13184:
13180:
13177:
13176:0-571-11154-8
13173:
13169:
13165:
13162:
13160:
13159:0-415-08993-X
13156:
13152:
13148:
13146:
13145:0-333-37185-2
13142:
13138:
13134:
13131:
13129:
13128:0-14-056108-0
13125:
13121:
13117:
13114:
13112:
13111:0-7148-2214-0
13108:
13104:
13100:
13098:
13097:0-14-020806-2
13094:
13090:
13086:
13084:
13083:0-300-06217-6
13080:
13076:
13072:
13069:
13068:1-4259-4496-5
13065:
13061:
13057:
13055:
13054:0-14-056107-2
13051:
13047:
13043:
13040:
13038:
13037:0-7190-0926-X
13034:
13030:
13026:
13025:Dodwell, C.R.
13023:
13020:
13016:
13012:
13008:
13006:
13005:0-14-021866-1
13002:
12998:
12994:
12991:
12989:
12988:0-7141-2820-1
12985:
12981:
12977:
12975:
12974:0-525-47561-3
12971:
12967:
12963:
12961:
12960:0-520-07628-1
12957:
12953:
12949:
12946:
12942:
12938:
12934:
12932:
12931:0-19-814386-9
12928:
12925:, OUP, 1993,
12924:
12920:
12917:
12915:
12914:0-19-881050-4
12911:
12907:
12903:
12902:Blunt Anthony
12900:
12898:
12897:0-500-20307-5
12894:
12890:
12886:
12885:
12873:
12869:
12866:
12861:
12854:
12850:
12847:
12845:
12839:
12823:
12819:
12813:
12805:
12801:
12795:
12779:
12775:
12771:
12769:
12761:
12755:
12752:
12746:
12740:
12736:
12732:
12727:
12721:
12717:
12713:
12708:
12701:
12695:
12688:
12684:
12681:
12680:
12674:
12667:
12666:0-19-513381-1
12663:
12659:
12653:
12646:
12642:
12636:
12627:
12620:
12614:
12607:
12603:
12599:
12596:
12593:March 2011. "
12590:
12581:
12574:
12570:
12566:
12563:
12557:
12548:
12546:
12536:
12527:
12525:
12515:
12506:
12497:
12488:
12479:
12477:
12467:
12458:
12449:
12440:
12431:
12422:
12413:
12407:Harle, 26–38.
12404:
12402:
12395:Harle, 22–24.
12392:
12386:Harle, 17–20.
12383:
12374:
12367:
12362:
12355:
12352:
12347:
12338:
12331:
12327:
12324:
12319:
12303:
12299:
12295:
12289:
12287:
12270:
12266:
12262:
12255:
12253:
12243:
12234:
12225:
12216:
12207:
12198:
12189:
12180:
12171:
12162:
12153:
12146:
12140:
12131:
12122:
12113:
12104:
12095:
12086:
12077:
12068:
12059:
12050:
12041:
12032:
12025:
12021:
12018:
12014:
12011:
12007:
11998:
11989:
11980:
11971:
11962:
11953:
11944:
11935:
11926:
11917:
11908:
11899:
11890:
11881:
11872:
11866:Henig, 66–71.
11863:
11857:Henig, 23–24.
11854:
11847:
11843:
11837:
11828:
11819:
11813:Cook, 155–58.
11810:
11804:Cook, 142–54.
11801:
11795:Cook, 142–56.
11792:
11785:
11781:
11775:
11769:Cook, 131–41.
11766:
11760:Cook, 119–31.
11757:
11750:
11746:
11740:
11731:
11720:September 23,
11715:
11711:
11707:
11701:
11690:September 23,
11685:
11681:
11677:
11671:
11662:
11656:
11651:
11645:Smith, 89–90.
11642:
11633:
11624:
11615:
11609:Smith, 21–24.
11606:
11597:
11588:
11579:
11570:
11561:
11552:
11543:
11534:
11525:
11516:
11507:
11498:
11489:
11481:
11475:
11471:
11470:
11462:
11455:
11449:
11440:
11433:
11429:
11425:
11419:
11411:
11405:
11401:
11400:
11392:
11385:
11379:
11363:
11359:
11353:
11344:
11337:
11331:
11322:
11314:
11308:
11304:
11297:
11288:
11281:
11277:
11274:
11269:
11261:
11255:
11247:
11241:
11237:
11230:
11214:
11210:
11204:
11185:
11178:
11171:
11155:
11151:
11145:
11136:
11130:
11126:
11123:
11119:
11118:Gods in Color
11113:
11097:
11093:
11087:
11080:
11079:Julius Caesar
11076:
11070:
11063:
11059:
11056:
11051:
11045:
11041:
11037:
11036:
11032:
11029:
11022:
11020:
11013:
11009:
11006:
11001:
10999:
10992:(in Italian).
10991:
10987:
10984:
10979:
10975:
10965:
10962:
10960:
10957:
10955:
10952:
10950:
10947:
10945:
10942:
10940:
10937:
10935:
10932:
10930:
10927:
10925:
10922:
10921:
10916:
10910:
10905:
10895:
10892:
10888:
10885:
10884:
10883:
10880:
10878:
10875:
10873:
10870:
10868:
10865:
10863:
10860:
10858:
10857:Architectural
10855:
10854:
10844:
10841:
10839:
10836:
10834:
10831:
10829:
10826:
10824:
10821:
10819:
10816:
10814:
10811:
10809:
10806:
10804:
10801:
10799:
10796:
10794:
10793:Electrotyping
10791:
10789:
10786:
10784:
10781:
10780:
10770:
10767:
10765:
10762:
10760:
10757:
10756:
10744:
10741:
10736:
10734:
10730:
10729:sulfuric acid
10726:
10722:
10718:
10714:
10706:
10701:
10692:
10690:
10686:
10682:
10678:
10674:
10670:
10665:
10661:
10657:
10653:
10652:Ice sculpture
10649:
10645:
10641:
10637:
10633:
10625:
10621:
10620:
10615:
10602:
10598:
10591:
10586:
10583:
10579:
10575:
10571:
10565:
10560:
10556:
10555:
10550:
10544:
10539:
10535:
10534:Israel Museum
10531:
10527:
10521:
10516:
10512:
10511:Fettered wing
10508:
10502:
10497:
10493:
10489:
10483:
10478:
10477:
10474:
10465:
10464:Israel Museum
10461:
10457:
10451:
10446:
10442:
10438:
10437:Cor-ten steel
10434:
10430:
10429:Richard Serra
10424:
10419:
10416:
10412:
10408:
10404:
10398:
10393:
10390:
10386:
10382:
10376:
10371:
10367:
10363:
10359:
10353:
10348:
10347:
10341:
10339:
10338:Jacek Tylicki
10335:
10334:James Turrell
10331:
10327:
10323:
10322:
10317:
10316:Joseph Kosuth
10313:
10312:
10307:
10303:
10302:in new ways.
10301:
10297:
10293:
10292:John DeAndrea
10289:
10285:
10281:
10280:Nam June Paik
10277:
10273:
10269:
10265:
10261:
10256:
10254:
10250:
10246:
10242:
10241:Keith Sonnier
10238:
10237:Jackie Winsor
10234:
10230:
10226:
10222:
10221:James Turrell
10218:
10214:
10210:
10206:
10202:
10198:
10194:
10193:George Rickey
10190:
10186:
10185:Richard Serra
10182:
10178:
10174:
10170:
10166:
10165:Site specific
10159:
10154:
10150:
10143:
10139:
10135:
10123:
10119:
10118:
10113:
10107:
10102:
10098:
10097:
10092:
10086:
10081:
10078:
10074:
10070:
10064:
10059:
10056:
10053:, 1970–1973,
10052:
10048:
10042:
10037:
10034:
10030:
10026:
10020:
10015:
10012:
10008:
10004:
10000:
9999:George Rickey
9994:
9989:
9985:
9981:
9980:Pablo Picasso
9975:
9970:
9967:
9963:
9959:
9953:
9948:
9945:
9941:
9937:
9933:
9927:
9922:
9918:
9914:
9908:
9903:
9899:
9895:
9889:
9884:
9881:
9877:
9873:
9867:
9862:
9858:
9854:
9847:
9842:
9838:
9834:
9833:Day and Night
9830:
9829:Jacob Epstein
9824:
9819:
9815:
9814:
9809:
9803:
9798:
9794:
9790:
9784:
9779:
9776:
9772:
9768:
9764:
9758:
9753:
9749:
9745:
9741:
9735:
9730:
9726:
9725:
9720:
9714:
9709:
9706:
9702:
9698:
9692:
9687:
9683:
9679:
9678:Henri Matisse
9673:
9668:
9665:
9661:
9657:
9651:
9646:
9645:
9639:
9637:
9633:
9632:Robert Graham
9629:
9625:
9621:
9617:
9613:
9608:
9606:
9602:
9598:
9594:
9593:Richard Serra
9590:
9586:
9582:
9578:
9577:Robert Morris
9574:
9570:
9566:
9562:
9559:, as well as
9558:
9554:
9550:
9546:
9543:By the 1960s
9541:
9539:
9535:
9531:
9527:
9526:George Rickey
9523:
9519:
9518:Jean Tinguely
9515:
9511:
9507:
9506:Isamu Noguchi
9501:
9499:
9498:
9493:
9488:
9487:war memorials
9483:
9481:
9477:
9473:
9472:Jean Tinguely
9469:
9465:
9461:
9457:
9456:Pablo Serrano
9453:
9449:
9445:
9441:
9437:
9433:
9428:
9426:
9425:
9424:Bird in Space
9419:
9414:
9412:
9411:
9406:
9402:
9398:
9394:
9390:
9389:Kenneth Price
9386:
9385:Peter Voulkos
9382:
9381:George E. Ohr
9378:
9374:
9370:
9366:
9362:
9357:
9356:Pablo Picasso
9352:
9350:
9346:
9342:
9338:
9334:
9330:
9326:
9322:
9318:
9314:
9310:
9306:
9302:
9298:
9294:
9288:
9284:
9283:Israel Museum
9280:
9276:
9272:
9266:
9262:
9261:
9256:
9252:
9246:
9242:
9238:
9234:
9229:
9219:
9217:
9216:Marcel Gimond
9213:
9209:
9205:
9204:Giacomo Manzù
9201:
9197:
9196:Ernst Barlach
9193:
9189:
9185:
9181:
9177:
9172:
9168:
9166:
9162:
9158:
9157:Soviet Russia
9154:
9150:
9146:
9142:
9138:
9134:
9130:
9126:
9122:
9118:
9113:
9111:
9107:
9103:
9102:Impressionist
9099:
9098:Auguste Rodin
9095:
9094:Lord Leighton
9091:
9087:
9086:François Rude
9083:
9075:
9071:
9064:
9059:
9055:
9051:
9047:
9041:
9036:
9033:
9029:
9025:
9019:
9014:
9010:
9009:
9004:
8998:
8993:
8989:
8985:
8984:Day and Night
8981:
8975:
8970:
8966:
8962:
8961:
8956:
8955:Auguste Rodin
8950:
8945:
8941:
8940:Musée d'Orsay
8937:
8935:
8930:
8924:
8919:
8916:
8912:
8908:
8904:
8903:
8898:
8892:
8887:
8884:
8880:
8876:
8875:
8871:
8870:Auguste Rodin
8865:
8860:
8856:
8852:
8848:
8844:
8840:
8839:
8835:
8828:
8823:
8820:
8817:, 1857–1860,
8816:
8815:
8810:
8804:
8799:
8796:
8792:
8791:
8790:Jeanne d' Arc
8787:
8783:
8782:François Rude
8777:
8772:
8771:
8757:
8756:Cody, Wyoming
8753:
8749:
8748:
8743:
8737:
8732:
8728:
8724:
8720:
8714:
8709:
8705:
8704:
8699:
8693:
8688:
8685:
8681:
8677:
8673:
8666:
8661:
8658:
8654:
8650:
8649:
8644:
8638:
8633:
8630:
8626:
8622:
8618:
8614:
8608:
8603:
8599:
8595:
8589:
8584:
8580:
8576:
8572:
8568:
8564:
8563:
8558:
8555:and his son,
8554:
8548:
8543:
8542:
8541:
8538:
8534:
8530:
8526:
8522:
8518:
8514:
8510:
8506:
8502:
8497:
8495:
8491:
8487:
8483:
8478:
8477:
8472:
8468:
8464:
8459:
8457:
8453:
8449:
8445:
8441:
8437:
8436:North America
8422:
8418:
8417:
8412:
8408:
8395:
8391:
8387:
8383:
8379:
8375:North America
8361:
8357:
8353:
8349:
8348:
8341:
8336:
8326:
8323:Atlante from
8319:
8314:
8310:
8304:
8299:
8295:
8289:
8284:
8277:
8272:
8265:
8260:
8256:
8252:
8246:
8241:
8237:
8236:stirrup spout
8233:
8227:
8222:
8218:
8214:
8207:
8202:
8198:
8191:
8186:
8182:
8176:
8171:
8164:
8159:
8155:
8149:
8144:
8140:
8134:
8129:
8122:
8117:
8113:
8107:
8102:
8101:
8098:Pre-Columbian
8095:
8093:
8089:
8085:
8081:
8077:
8073:
8069:
8065:
8061:
8057:
8056:Latin America
8051:
8047:
8043:
8039:
8035:
8021:
8017:
8010:
8005:
8001:
7997:
7993:
7992:Arikhankharer
7986:
7981:
7977:
7970:
7965:
7961:
7957:
7953:
7946:
7941:
7938:, 690–664 BCE
7937:
7933:
7929:
7925:
7921:
7917:
7910:
7905:
7902:
7901:Kerma culture
7895:
7890:
7889:
7888:
7886:
7882:
7878:
7877:Kerma culture
7874:
7873:ancient Sudan
7868:
7854:
7850:
7846:
7839:
7834:
7830:
7829:Zagwe dynasty
7826:
7819:
7814:
7810:
7803:
7798:
7795:
7788:
7783:
7779:
7775:
7768:
7763:
7762:
7761:
7759:
7755:
7751:
7747:
7743:
7739:
7735:
7731:
7730:Ezana of Axum
7727:
7723:
7719:
7718:Christian art
7715:
7711:
7707:
7701:
7697:
7696:Ethiopian art
7683:
7677:
7672:
7668:
7661:
7656:
7652:
7651:Benin Bronzes
7645:
7640:
7633:
7628:
7621:
7616:
7606:
7602:
7596:
7591:
7587:
7583:
7577:
7572:
7568:
7562:
7557:
7556:
7555:
7553:
7549:
7545:
7542:
7538:
7533:
7528:
7526:
7521:
7519:
7515:
7511:
7507:
7503:
7502:Benin Bronzes
7498:
7493:
7490:
7485:
7483:
7478:
7474:
7469:
7460:
7450:
7445:
7439:
7434:
7421:
7417:
7413:
7409:
7405:
7399:
7394:
7390:
7386:
7379:
7374:
7370:
7363:
7358:
7354:
7350:
7343:
7338:
7337:
7336:
7334:
7333:Islamic Spain
7330:
7326:
7322:
7318:
7314:
7310:
7305:
7303:
7299:
7295:
7291:
7287:
7279:
7266:
7262:
7255:
7250:
7240:
7233:
7228:
7224:
7217:
7212:
7203:, Indonesia,
7202:
7198:
7195:
7189:
7184:
7174:
7170:
7163:
7158:
7148:
7144:
7140:
7139:Ananda Temple
7133:
7128:
7118:
7111:
7106:
7102:
7099:
7092:
7087:
7076:
7072:
7068:
7062:
7057:
7053:
7050:
7043:
7038:
7027:
7023:
7016:
7011:
7001:
6997:
6993:
6989:
6982:
6977:
6966:
6963:
6956:
6951:
6940:
6936:
6933:
6927:
6922:
6911:
6907:
6900:
6895:
6894:
6893:
6890:
6885:
6883:
6879:
6875:
6874:Buddha images
6870:
6868:
6864:
6860:
6856:
6852:
6848:
6841:
6836:
6820:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6803:
6797:
6792:
6789:
6778:
6771:
6766:
6762:
6756:
6751:
6747:
6740:
6735:
6731:
6724:
6719:
6716:, 6th century
6715:
6711:
6707:
6703:
6702:Rishabhanatha
6699:
6693:
6688:
6685:
6678:
6673:
6670:
6666:
6663:The Colossal
6659:
6654:
6650:
6643:
6638:
6633: 100 CE
6627:
6623:
6617:
6612:
6602:
6598:
6594:
6593:Ashoka Pillar
6588:
6583:
6579:
6575:
6568:
6563:
6562:
6561:
6559:
6555:
6554:Mahabalipuram
6551:
6547:
6536:
6532:
6527:
6524:, though the
6523:
6519:
6508:
6503:
6499:
6494:
6492:
6488:
6483:
6479:
6475:
6464:
6463:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6446:
6442:
6438:
6431:
6427:
6423:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6406:
6402:
6389:
6382:
6377:
6373:
6366:
6361:
6357:
6351:
6346:
6342:
6338:
6331:
6326:
6323:
6319:
6312:
6307:
6304:
6297:
6292:
6288:
6281:
6276:
6272:
6266:
6261:
6250:
6243:
6238:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6230:
6228:
6222:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6206:
6202:
6198:
6194:
6190:
6186:
6182:
6178:
6177:Minamoto clan
6174:
6169:
6167:
6166:
6160:
6156:
6152:
6150:
6146:
6145:Shaka Trinity
6142:
6137:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6122:
6115:
6111:
6100:
6099:Nara Daibutsu
6096:
6091:
6087:
6083:
6063:
6059:
6058:Yonghe Temple
6055:
6048:
6043:
6039:
6035:
6028:
6023:
6019:
6015:
6011:
6009:
6004:
6001:
5995:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5976:
5971:
5967:
5963:
5956:
5951:
5947:
5943:
5936:
5931:
5927:
5926:
5921:
5915:
5910:
5906:
5903:
5897:
5892:
5889:
5885:
5881:
5877:
5870:
5865:
5861:
5854:
5849:
5845:
5841:
5837:
5833:
5829:
5828:Shenmu County
5825:
5818:
5813:
5803:
5799:
5792:
5787:
5777:
5770:
5765:
5761:
5760:Shang dynasty
5757:
5750:
5745:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5737:
5733:
5729:
5725:
5720:
5718:
5712:
5710:
5706:
5702:
5698:
5697:Qin Shi Huang
5694:
5690:
5686:
5682:
5671:
5667:
5663:
5657:
5653:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5636:
5632:
5628:
5615:
5610: 547 CE
5604:
5598:
5593:
5590:
5586:
5582:
5575:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5555:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5536:
5531:
5527:
5520:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5500:
5495:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5476:
5469:
5464:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5429:and then the
5428:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5407:
5405:
5401:
5396:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5381:, a cultural
5380:
5376:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5358:
5353:
5335:
5331:
5330:
5325:
5319:
5314:
5304:
5300:
5294:
5289:
5285:
5284:
5279:
5273:
5268:
5265:
5261:
5260:
5254:
5248:
5243:
5242:
5241:
5239:
5235:
5232:and the Dane
5231:
5227:
5223:
5219:
5215:
5207:
5206:
5201:
5197:
5192:
5185:Neo-Classical
5178:
5175:
5171:
5165:
5160:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5143:
5138:
5135:
5131:
5124:
5119:
5116:
5112:
5105:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5063:
5061:
5057:
5056:
5051:
5047:
5043:
5039:
5030:
5026:
5025:
5020:
5016:
5011:
4998:
4994:
4993:
4988:
4982:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4967:
4961:
4956:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4940:
4935:
4931:
4927:
4926:Fontainebleau
4923:
4920:
4914:
4909:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4898:
4895:, originally
4894:
4890:
4885:
4883:
4879:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4831:
4827:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4811:
4791:
4790:
4785:
4779:
4774:
4771:
4767:
4756:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4739:
4736:
4732:
4729:, 1467–1483,
4728:
4727:
4722:
4716:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4696:
4693:
4689:
4678:
4677:
4672:
4666:
4661:
4658:
4654:
4644:
4643:
4638:
4632:
4627:
4623:
4612:
4608:
4602:
4597:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4585:
4580:
4574:
4569:
4568:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4557:Medici Chapel
4554:
4550:
4549:
4544:
4543:
4538:
4537:
4531:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4510:
4504:
4502:
4498:
4497:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4471:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4444:
4440:
4433:
4432:
4427:
4423:
4412:
4408:
4404:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4387:
4375:
4371:
4368:, 1501–1505,
4367:
4363:
4359:
4352:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4330:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4310:
4305:
4302:
4301:Well of Moses
4298:
4294:
4290:
4284:
4279:
4275:
4268:
4263:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4244:
4240:
4237:at left, and
4236:
4232:
4225:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4201:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4179:
4178:Nicola Pisano
4173:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4153:
4148:
4137:
4130:
4125:
4114:
4107:
4102:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4060:
4058:
4054:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4005:
4004:Nicola Pisano
4000:
3998:
3993:
3982:
3978:
3969:
3964:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3924:
3920:
3917:Cathedral of
3916:
3910:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3896:Vézelay Abbey
3890:
3885:
3881:
3880:
3875:
3869:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3837:
3833:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3809:Gniezno Doors
3806:
3801:
3797:
3794:. The bronze
3793:
3789:
3785:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3761:and in Spain
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3743:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3726:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3694:
3691:
3687:
3680:
3675:
3671:
3664:
3659:
3656:
3652:
3651:
3644:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3585:Byzantine art
3582:
3580:
3577:, as well as
3576:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3528:
3517:
3512:
3499:
3495:
3490:
3477:
3473:
3462:
3458:
3451:
3446:
3443:
3439:
3428:
3427:
3420:
3415:
3410: 191 CE
3404:
3400:
3394:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3367:
3360:
3355:
3348:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3331:
3324:
3319:
3315:
3308:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3290:
3285:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3264:
3260:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3222:Gonzaga Cameo
3219:
3215:
3211:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3186:
3183:(CE 113) and
3182:
3178:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3137:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3102:
3096:
3092:
3086:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3034:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3006:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2983:
2982:
2981:Venus de Milo
2975:
2970:
2967:
2956:
2955:
2947:
2942:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2924:
2917:
2912:
2909:, 4th century
2908:
2904:
2903:
2896:
2891:
2887:
2886:Riace Bronzes
2880:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:engraved gems
2866:
2862:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2824:
2822:
2818:
2817:Ludovisi Gaul
2814:
2813:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2762:
2757:
2750:
2745:
2736:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2661:
2657:
2656:Elgin Marbles
2652:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2617:
2612:
2602:
2595:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2569:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2527:
2520:
2515:
2508:
2503:
2489:
2484:
2477:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2461:(much now in
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2423:
2419:
2418:archaic smile
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2379:
2376:
2375:ancient Greek
2372:
2368:
2363:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2330:
2325:
2322:
2318:
2311:
2306:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2281:
2276:
2273:
2263:
2262:
2254:
2249:
2246:
2241:
2232:
2226:
2221:
2214:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2164:reserve heads
2161:
2159:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2100:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2073:Ancient Egypt
2067:
2063:
2062:
2054:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2040:Burney Relief
2034:
2029:
2025:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2002:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1946:Burney Relief
1943:
1939:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1864:
1860:
1859:Cylinder seal
1856:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1799:
1794:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1769:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1735:mammoth ivory
1724:
1718:
1713:
1701:
1695:
1690:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1663:
1651:
1647:
1641:
1636:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1451:24,000–26,000
1446:
1442:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:Protestantism
1407:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1334:Nicola Pisano
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1211:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1177:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1143:
1140:from China's
1139:
1134:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1110:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1094:Stick welding
1091:
1087:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:copper alloys
1005:
998:
994:
990:
986:
977:
975:
970:
968:
964:
960:
959:Engraved gems
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
923:semi-precious
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
879:
874:
865:
863:
859:
858:found objects
855:
854:stained glass
851:
850:gas sculpture
847:
843:
842:ice sculpture
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
818:Pablo Picasso
814:
812:
808:
804:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
725:
721:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
688:
686:
682:
678:
677:Byzantine art
672:
670:
665:
659:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
596:
593:
587:
585:
581:
577:
572:
570:
566:
561:
556:
553:
549:
545:
540:
538:
537:
532:
531:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
494:
483:
479:
472:
471:Easter Island
468:
467:
462:
453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
356:
354:
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
329:ancient Egypt
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
298:
294:
289:
280:
278:
277:found objects
274:
270:
269:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
231:
227:
225:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
163:
159:
158:
153:
146:
142:
136:
132:
128:
117:
116:
111:
107:
93:
89:
88:
84:
80:
73:
69:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
47:
40:
33:
19:
14939:most visited
14787:
14441:
14415:Plastic arts
14339:Found object
14220:
14149:Computer art
14129:Architecture
14049:
14035:
14027:
14019:
14011:
14004:
13994:
13980:
13972:
13964:
13956:
13947:
13927:
13919:
13911:
13890:(507–554 CE)
13873:
13865:
13851:
13848:(c. 292 BCE)
13808:Found object
13600:Detonography
13479:
13433:
13374:
13360:
13345:
13330:
13316:
13299:
13285:
13271:
13253:
13250:
13241:
13227:
13213:
13199:
13182:
13167:
13150:
13136:
13119:
13102:
13088:
13074:
13059:
13045:
13028:
13010:
12996:
12979:
12965:
12951:
12936:
12922:
12905:
12888:
12860:
12844:hypediss.com
12843:
12838:
12826:. Retrieved
12812:
12804:the original
12794:
12784:February 18,
12782:. Retrieved
12773:
12767:
12760:
12750:
12745:
12730:
12726:
12711:
12707:
12699:
12694:
12678:
12673:
12657:
12652:
12644:
12640:
12635:
12626:
12618:
12613:
12589:
12580:
12556:
12535:
12514:
12505:
12496:
12487:
12466:
12457:
12448:
12439:
12430:
12421:
12412:
12391:
12382:
12373:
12361:
12346:
12337:
12318:
12306:. Retrieved
12302:the original
12297:
12273:. Retrieved
12269:the original
12265:Orientations
12264:
12246:Rawson, 135.
12242:
12233:
12224:
12215:
12206:
12197:
12188:
12179:
12170:
12161:
12152:
12139:
12130:
12121:
12112:
12103:
12094:
12085:
12076:
12067:
12058:
12049:
12040:
12031:
12023:
12006:
11997:
11988:
11979:
11970:
11961:
11952:
11943:
11934:
11925:
11916:
11907:
11898:
11889:
11880:
11871:
11862:
11853:
11836:
11827:
11818:
11809:
11800:
11791:
11774:
11765:
11756:
11744:
11739:
11730:
11718:. Retrieved
11709:
11700:
11688:. Retrieved
11679:
11670:
11661:
11650:
11641:
11632:
11623:
11614:
11605:
11596:
11587:
11578:
11569:
11560:
11551:
11542:
11533:
11524:
11515:
11506:
11497:
11488:
11468:
11461:
11448:
11439:
11423:
11418:
11398:
11391:
11383:
11378:
11366:. Retrieved
11352:
11343:
11330:
11321:
11302:
11296:
11287:
11268:
11235:
11229:
11217:. Retrieved
11203:
11191:. Retrieved
11170:
11160:November 30,
11158:. Retrieved
11144:
11135:
11120:exhibition.
11116:Part of the
11112:
11100:. Retrieved
11086:
11069:
11050:
11026:
10978:
10833:Tree shaping
10823:Plaster cast
10737:
10710:
10695:Conservation
10629:
10619:Spiral Jetty
10617:
10600:
10569:
10552:
10529:
10526:Anish Kapoor
10510:
10491:
10488:Richard Long
10459:
10432:
10406:
10384:
10361:
10330:Joseph Beuys
10319:
10309:
10304:
10288:Duane Hanson
10284:Wolf Vostell
10272:George Segal
10257:
10245:Bruce Nauman
10225:Roden Crater
10189:Robert Irwin
10181:Richard Long
10163:
10152:
10141:
10115:
10094:
10072:
10050:
10028:
10002:
9961:
9935:
9916:
9897:
9875:
9852:
9832:
9811:
9792:
9766:
9747:
9743:
9722:
9719:Joseph Csaky
9700:
9681:
9659:
9656:André Derain
9620:George Segal
9616:Ernest Trova
9609:
9542:
9534:Philip Pavia
9502:
9495:
9484:
9429:
9422:
9415:
9408:
9404:
9401:found object
9353:
9291:
9278:
9258:
9240:
9176:Paul Manship
9173:
9169:
9153:Nazi Germany
9114:
9079:
9069:
9049:
9027:
9006:
8983:
8958:
8932:
8929:Paul Gauguin
8900:
8872:
8832:
8812:
8788:
8752:Buffalo Bill
8745:
8722:
8719:Paul Manship
8701:
8671:
8646:
8616:
8560:
8521:Paul Manship
8498:
8489:
8474:
8460:
8452:house fronts
8433:
8414:
8388:panel, from
8378:
8345:
8294:Jaina Island
8219:, 300–650 CE
8213:funerary urn
8053:
8028:The Americas
7870:
7736:, life-size
7726:Christianity
7703:
7667:Burkina Faso
7529:
7522:
7486:
7464:
7369:Pisa Griffin
7321:Pisa Griffin
7306:
7284:
7260:
7241:, Thailand,
7052:Agusan image
7035:-9th century
6887:Traditional
6886:
6882:Bagan period
6871:
6844:
6732:period, 1000
6706:Parshvanatha
6700:shrine with
6647:Buddha from
6578:Mohenjo-daro
6574:Dancing Girl
6522:Ellora Caves
6507:Gupta Empire
6495:
6461:
6445:Mohenjo-daro
6439:is from the
6434:
6316:Taishakuten
6285:6th-century
6249:Jōmon period
6224:
6209:
6170:
6163:
6159:Heian period
6153:
6144:
6124:Jōmon period
6118:
6082:Japanese art
6062:Qing dynasty
6038:Wanli period
6018:Ming dynasty
6006:
5985:Song dynasty
5981:Chinese jade
5966:Song dynasty
5946:Tang dynasty
5923:
5884:Dian Kingdom
5736:Ming dynasty
5728:rock reliefs
5721:
5713:
5660:
5639:Chinese jade
5489:, Pakistan.
5451:Central Asia
5447:Gupta empire
5408:
5389:culture and
5385:between the
5373:
5327:
5324:Hiram Powers
5310: 1780s
5299:John Flaxman
5281:
5256:
5238:Hiram Powers
5230:John Flaxman
5211:
5203:
5151:
5064:
5053:
5034:
5022:
4990:
4974:, about 1562
4969:
4948:
4901:
4886:
4877:
4871:
4857:
4849:
4835:
4822:
4787:
4784:Michelangelo
4752:
4749:Michelangelo
4731:Orsanmichele
4724:
4674:
4649: 1440s
4640:
4610:
4609:, detail of
4582:
4562:contrapposto
4560:
4546:
4540:
4534:
4532:
4522:invented by
4505:
4494:
4468:
4460:
4446:
4429:
4407:Michelangelo
4393:
4390:Michelangelo
4365:
4335:
4319:
4314:Base of the
4300:
4289:Claus Sluter
4253:
4234:
4185:
4181:
4163:Annunciation
4093:Duc de Berry
4061:
4040:Claus Sluter
4022:(1260), the
4001:
3974:
3933:
3914:
3877:
3829:
3780:
3767:
3739:
3728:
3715:
3648:
3583:
3559:animal style
3555:Scythian art
3532:
3468: 23 CE
3424:
3373: 50 CE
3328:
3271:Christianity
3268:
3245:
3234:
3214:Lycurgus Cup
3173:
3140:
3108:
3042:
3021:white marble
3010:
2979:
2951:
2933:
2900:
2852:Central Asia
2845:
2839:, showing a
2832:
2825:
2821:Farnese Bull
2810:
2800:
2766:
2729:
2722:
2716:
2706:
2680:
2668:Severe style
2665:
2573:
2426:
2395:
2383:
2335:Block statue
2290:lapis lazuli
2258:
2238: late
2167:
2157:
2136:
2130:
2106:
2090:, 1345 BCE,
2085:
2059:
2058:Part of the
1981:
1970:
1935:
1924:
1918:
1897:figure from
1868:
1753:
1739:La Madeleine
1722:
1574:from modern
1565:
1541:
1515:such as the
1506:
1483:
1468:
1418:Beeldenstorm
1393:Christianity
1383:
1362:
1336:and his son
1303:
1297:
1263:Yayoi Kusama
1252:
1235:
1229:and that of
1218:Wood carving
1216:
1205:Wood carving
1199:ancient Rome
1179:
1156:Lycurgus Cup
1150:
1142:Song dynasty
1122:Dale Chihuly
1084:
1080:sand casting
1055:
1049:
1006:and related
1002:
996:
991:, cast iron
971:
939:rock crystal
906:
889:
815:
807:oil painting
796:
729:
703:Mexico, and
689:
673:
660:
653:, who ruled
641:, where the
636:
597:
588:
573:
557:
548:Great Sphinx
541:
534:
528:
498:
464:
403:
372:
357:
349:
302:
293:rock reliefs
266:
259:Michelangelo
232:
228:
221:
181:plastic arts
168:
167:
155:
113:
110:Michelangelo
85:
63:
57:
50:
15056:Arts portal
14929:Art museums
14844:art finance
14645:Arts centre
14609:Art gallery
14592:Art commune
14582:Art auction
14425:Printmaking
14354:Mixed media
14349:Kinetic art
14286:Visual arts
14206:Printmaking
14201:Photography
14181:Digital art
14118:Visual arts
14016:(1927–1931)
14008:(1927–1941)
13982:The Thinker
13969:(1890–1917)
13924:(1501–1504)
13916:(1498–1499)
13620:Renaissance
13133:Hugh Honour
12766:"NY Times,
12425:Harle, 124.
12308:October 18,
12275:October 18,
11831:Hennig, 24.
11680:Glyptoteket
11102:October 30,
10887:Rock relief
10850:Application
10803:Hill figure
10713:temperature
10685:Michael Lau
10456:Donald Judd
10403:Donald Judd
10321:An Oak Tree
10255:sculpture.
10144:1991, Japan
9958:Henry Moore
9900:, 1944–1950
9775:Armory Show
9748:Family Life
9703:, 1911–12,
9701:Female Head
9581:Anne Truitt
9510:David Smith
9480:Kinetic art
9440:Henry Moore
9377:ceramic art
9309:Suprematism
9275:David Smith
9255:Henry Moore
9188:Anton Hanak
9184:Carl Milles
9133:Georg Kolbe
9070:The Thought
8965:Musée Rodin
8960:The Thinker
8440:totem poles
8428: 1879
8421:mixed-media
8411:Edgar Degas
8401: 1760
8367: 1400
8358:(possibly)
8181:Teotihuacan
8060:Mesoamerica
7774:Addi-Galamo
7649:One of the
7497:Nok culture
7418:. Blade of
7391:background.
7309:aquamaniles
7180: 1200
7154: 1105
6990:torso from
6972: 5 BC
6960:One of the
6784: 1450
6624:gateway at
6462:Priest-king
6335:Muchaku by
6069: 1694
6060:, Beijing,
6040:(1573–1620)
6014:He Chaozong
6003:Bodhisattva
5962:Bodhisattva
5888:Western Han
5882:, from the
5860:Han dynasty
5840:Han dynasty
5802:Qin dynasty
5681:Chinese art
5649:Bodhisattva
5635:Lacquerware
5627:Chinese art
5583:(left) and
5455:Tarim Basin
5445:art of the
5427:Indo-Greeks
5415:Afghanistan
5406:appearing.
5113:, 1686, by
5060:Hellenistic
5031:, 1622–1625
4987:Giambologna
4966:Giambologna
4953:, 1545–1554
4930:Primaticcio
4893:Giambologna
4882:Salt Cellar
4789:Dying Slave
4762: 1504
4684: 1460
4618: 1438
4418: 1545
4381:Renaissance
4358:Last Supper
4276:, 1330–1340
4233:, with the
4229:Lid of the
4143: 1215
4120: 1145
4018:(1265–68),
3988: 1145
3949: 12th
3921:1160, Spain
3882:, 1107–1118
3857:, plaques,
3847:Master Hugo
3775:high relief
3670:Carolingian
3653:, 525–550,
3628:world, the
3614:Charlemagne
3598:Anglo-Saxon
3589:Carolingian
3563:Insular art
3539:sarcophagus
3401:dressed as
3298:sarcophagus
3143:portraiture
3119:sarcophagus
3085:Dacian Wars
3079:Section of
3017:Hellenistic
2739:Hellenistic
2575:Peplos Kore
2343:Late Period
2113:sunk relief
1931:Lyres of Ur
1926:Copper Bull
1903:cult images
1875:Mesopotamia
1850:Persian art
1764:Magdalenian
1737:, found in
1623:Aurignacian
1603:Löwenmensch
1529:Magdalenian
1486:Löwenmensch
1373:Giambologna
1369:Leone Leoni
1322:Gislebertus
1318:Middle Ages
1271:Sarah Lucas
1138:Bodhisattva
1126:Blown glass
1102:TIG welding
1098:MIG welding
989:Ludwig Gies
953:or mineral
903:Petroglyphs
772:lime/linden
768:box/boxwood
681:Islamic art
647:Mesopotamia
632:Tutankhamun
567:figures at
552:archaeology
507:, like the
501:Cult images
489: 1435
325:Sunk-relief
317:high relief
255:Renaissance
247:Middle Ages
173:visual arts
68:Hellenistic
15082:Sculptures
15071:Categories
15029:sculptures
14883:Provenance
14778:Art market
14685:Commission
14633:Art school
14621:Art museum
14587:Art colony
14575:and events
14435:street art
14430:Public art
14231:Street art
14211:Public art
14186:Filmmaking
13783:Fiberglass
13712:Terracotta
13559:Pedimental
13554:Monumental
13504:Bas relief
13499:Assemblage
12993:Cook, R.M.
12881:References
12828:August 27,
12562:Nubian Art
11676:"Research"
11591:Smith, 33.
11368:August 20,
10959:Assemblage
10877:Monumental
10381:Larry Bell
10368:, New York
10362:Free Ride,
10358:Tony Smith
10344:Minimalism
10233:Sol LeWitt
9605:John Safer
9601:Carl Andre
9597:Dan Flavin
9573:Tony Smith
9553:Minimalism
9365:Surrealism
9341:Minimalism
9321:Surrealism
9145:Jan Stursa
9024:Jan Štursa
8838:Snöklockan
8623:relief on
8613:Lee Lawrie
8537:Minimalist
8525:Lee Lawrie
8444:War canoes
8199:200–250 CE
8068:terracotta
8032:See also:
7665:Mask from
7607:, Nigeria
7586:terracotta
7436:Mask from
7420:damascened
7329:Mughal art
7197:Singhasari
7137:Buddha in
7082: 800
7033: 8th
7000:Srivijayan
6946: 760
6917: 760
6851:Angkor Wat
6810:Tamil Nadu
6748:, 950–1150
6542: 850
6514: 320
6422:terracotta
6399:See also:
6189:Kei school
6106: 752
6080:See also:
5968:(960–1279)
5758:from late
5689:Sanxingdui
5685:zoomorphic
5383:syncretism
4721:Verrocchio
4624:, Florence
4528:plaquettes
4509:Neapolitan
4081:polyptychs
4057:Veit Stoss
3963:Gothic art
3825:zoomorphic
3821:aquamanile
3701:Romanesque
3634:high cross
3622:runestones
3606:Gero Cross
3551:Sutton Hoo
3516:Gero Cross
3505: 800
3470:, with an
3434: 305
3255: 305
3210:Warren Cup
3115:terracotta
3052: 130
2991:–100 BCE,
2989: 130
2907:Praxiteles
2733:Praxiteles
2608: 500
2535:–580 BCE,
2533: 590
2445:in Italy,
2145:Rameses II
2143:each show
2103:Amarna art
2097:See also:
2022:One of 18
1950:terracotta
1883:Warka Vase
1863:serpopards
1673:Wild horse
1544:Mesolithic
1519:(24–26,000
1414:iconoclasm
1358:architects
1294:Adam Kraft
1239:polychrome
1223:totem pole
1191:plasticine
1144:960–1279,
967:seal rings
778:and other
776:terracotta
697:greenstone
569:Sanxingdui
565:Bronze Age
560:totem pole
544:public art
442:public art
321:mid-relief
313:bas-relief
99: 800
59:Dying Gaul
15077:Sculpture
15008:Sculptors
14914:Art media
14876:sculpture
14817:paintings
14738:Criticism
14520:paintings
14510:Collector
14442:Sculpture
14359:bricolage
14290:art world
14221:Sculpture
14191:Light art
13902:(1250 CE)
13842:(438 BCE)
13840:Parthenon
13838:from the
13793:Aluminium
13763:Jesmonite
13737:Soapstone
13677:Limestone
13595:Classical
13524:Earth art
13480:Sculpture
13361:Roman Art
13280:70-125675
12997:Greek Art
11254:cite book
11075:Ptolemies
10759:Classical
10725:Acid rain
10705:acid rain
10681:Kid Robot
10626:, in 2005
10460:Untitled,
10296:video art
10229:Eva Hesse
10142:Umbrellas
10091:Joan Miró
10033:Stuttgart
9966:Yorkshire
9795:, 1912–13
9660:Nu debout
9628:Paul Thek
9448:Joan Miró
9405:readymade
9329:Formalism
9293:Modernist
9287:Jerusalem
9222:Modernism
9008:The Waltz
8936:(Sauvage)
8907:aluminium
8617:The Sower
8386:St. James
8352:Turquoise
8050:Inuit art
7934:, Sudan,
7926:, from a
7548:monoliths
7541:soapstone
7482:Modernist
7389:arabesque
7385:Samarkand
7294:arabesque
7265:Vientiane
7239:Sukhothai
7201:East Java
7101:sarimanok
7071:Khmer art
6939:Borobudur
6932:Vairocana
6910:Indonesia
6906:Borobudur
6855:Borobudur
6788:Rajasthan
6761:Khajuraho
6710:Neminatha
6537:dynasty (
6341:Kōfuku-ji
6205:Kofuku-ji
6121:Neolithic
5964:from the
5960:A wooden
5907:(386–534)
5754:A bronze
5717:Silk Road
5664:from the
5559:Gandhara
5111:Louis XIV
4838:Mannerist
4810:Mannerism
4804:Mannerist
4671:Donatello
4637:Donatello
4587:from the
4524:Pisanello
4496:The Horse
4465:Donatello
4299:from the
4215:antiquity
4190:from the
4064:alabaster
4002:In Italy
3944:, Spain,
3690:Byzantine
3573:of grand
3457:cameo gem
3383:, Italy,
3224:and the "
3191:Ara Pacis
3161:Londinium
3157:basilicas
3131:patrician
3111:Etruscans
3101:Ara Pacis
3039:Leochares
2863:found in
2713:Parthenon
2660:Parthenon
2646:Classical
2524:Lifesize
2438:Parthenon
2430:pediments
2402:Mycenaean
2393:a chair.
2317:ka statue
2185:Facsimile
2172:figures.
2153:Ka statue
2131:Egyptian
2126:Ahkenaten
1895:limestone
1781:, in the
1729:12–17,000
1683:33–35,000
1656:35–40,000
1629:35–40,000
1566:From the
1550:from the
1385:Aniconism
1363:From the
1292:sculptor
1290:Nuremberg
1267:Eva Hesse
1195:figurines
1183:maquettes
1124:, 2006, (
1033:jewellery
993:plaquette
951:Alabaster
947:carnelian
762:(such as
760:hardwoods
600:figurines
493:Pisanello
399:plaquette
375:antiquity
341:jewellery
243:classical
205:Modernism
169:Sculpture
92:Khorsabad
14986:Painters
14871:painting
14783:The arts
14743:feminist
14680:Biennale
14420:Portrait
14405:Painting
14376:graffiti
14329:Fine art
14288:and the
14216:Rock art
14196:Painting
14144:Ceramics
14071:Category
13884:(175 CE)
13773:Concrete
13687:Porphyry
13534:Figurine
13413:Archived
12937:Ethiopia
12868:Archived
12849:Archived
12822:Archived
12778:Archived
12683:Archived
12598:Archived
12565:Archived
12326:Archived
12013:Archived
11714:Archived
11684:Archived
11362:Archived
11276:Archived
11219:June 15,
11213:Archived
11184:Archived
11154:Archived
11125:Archived
11096:Archived
11058:Archived
11031:Archived
11008:Archived
10986:Archived
10901:See also
10752:Cultural
10717:humidity
10673:Art toys
10443:, London
10407:Untitled
10385:Untitled
10209:land art
9964:, 1961,
9938:, 1959,
9857:Art Deco
9813:Fountain
9492:maquette
9413:(1917).
9410:Fountain
9345:Land art
9325:Futurism
9305:De Stijl
9281:(1963),
9279:CUBI VI,
8963:, 1902,
8931:, 1894,
8909:statue,
8851:Värmland
8843:snowdrop
8793:, 1852,
8786:Romantic
8725:, 1916,
8672:K'alyaan
8621:Art Deco
8535:design.
8533:abstract
8517:art deco
8476:habitant
8467:retablos
8255:Palenque
7954:Pharaoh
7849:Lalibela
7734:Lalibela
7722:paganism
7518:proverbs
7508:town of
7416:emeralds
7410:, gold,
7353:Damascus
7317:Alhambra
7115:Head of
7075:Cambodia
7026:Malaysia
6908:temple,
6714:Mahavira
6665:trimurti
6597:Vaishali
6550:Nataraja
6491:Hinduism
6474:Daimabad
6453:Pakistan
6339:, 1212,
6303:Hōryū-ji
6183:and the
6141:Hōryū-ji
6056:outside
5905:Maitreya
5842:period.
5732:literati
5589:Gandhara
5561:Poseidon
5524:Coin of
5475:plantain
5457:and the
5435:Gandhara
5391:Buddhism
5369:Gandhara
5326:, 1851,
5262:, 1778,
5257:Bust of
5154:, 1715,
5132:(1640),
5109:Bust of
4922:overdoor
4889:cabinets
4868:pedestal
4770:Florence
4735:Florence
4692:Florence
4657:Florence
4611:Cantoria
4239:jousting
4182:Nativity
4048:Flanders
4044:Burgundy
4038:work of
4008:Giovanni
3992:transept
3900:Burgundy
3855:croziers
3843:prophets
3839:crucifix
3798:and the
3771:crucifix
3747:tympanum
3610:crucifix
3593:Ottonian
3476:Augustus
3472:allegory
3438:porphyry
3403:Hercules
3399:Commodus
3381:Lanuvium
3377:Caligula
3364:Bust of
3335:Augustus
3295:Etruscan
3242:roundels
3212:, glass
3127:Parthian
3105:, 13 BCE
3095:Augustan
2789:Pergamon
2688:Plutarch
2453:and the
2390:Cycladic
2204:Menkaura
2133:pharaohs
2082:Thutmose
1986:and the
1911:Akkadian
1907:Sumerian
1779:Urfa Man
1741:, France
1572:Urfa Man
1479:cave art
1406:Alhambra
1338:Giovanni
1326:Trecento
1164:be blown
1064:concrete
1056:cold set
997:Refugees
974:pointing
834:acrylics
780:ceramics
724:Sumerian
685:palmette
525:Buddhism
517:Hinduism
434:land art
395:figurine
197:ceramics
101:–721 BCE
83:Assyrian
18:Sculptor
14991:by name
14934:largest
14771:Related
14755:outline
14537:Curator
14525:frescos
14462:tallest
14447:carving
14398:virtual
14393:digital
14388:history
14324:Drawing
14309:Collage
14297:Artwork
14176:Drawing
14139:Cartoon
14076:Outline
13778:Plastic
13768:Acrylic
13692:Diorite
13682:Granite
13590:Baroque
13398:at the
13198:(ed.).
11745:Phidias
11193:July 3,
10818:Origami
10813:Mobiles
10660:mobiles
10580:at the
10433:Fulcrum
10415:Germany
10411:Münster
10264:Chryssa
9793:Cellist
9468:Len Lye
9369:coulage
9361:collage
9337:Pop-Art
9317:Dadaism
9056:, Paris
8990:, Paris
8967:, Paris
8942:, Paris
8676:Tlingit
8619:, 1928
8529:Bauhaus
8463:Baroque
8390:reredos
8084:reliefs
7998:of the
7956:Aspelta
7952:Kushite
7928:pyramid
7924:Taharqa
7918:of the
7706:Eritrea
7682:Mambila
7449:Chiwara
7313:incense
7169:apsaras
7147:Myanmar
7098:Anitist
7049:Anitist
7020:Bronze
6986:Bronze
6974:-370 AD
6962:Anitist
6889:Anitist
6878:Myanmar
6804:of the
6802:Gopuram
6728:Hindu,
6667:at the
6649:Sarnath
6502:Mathura
6449:Harappa
6426:Krishna
6372:netsuke
6320:, 839,
6221:netsuke
6185:samurai
6171:In the
6126:, some
6036:, Ming
6000:Guanyin
5948:c. 650.
5940:Seated
5874:Bronze
5830:, near
5824:Pazyryk
5652:Guanyin
5647:Seated
5614:Taliban
5581:Pancika
5439:Mathura
5431:Kushans
5400:apsaras
5363:of the
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4374:Bavaria
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1625:era, c.
1615:Germany
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1428:by the
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1389:Judaism
1314:Phidias
1300:, 1490s
1231:Oceania
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1021:ceramic
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305:statues
299:, China
295:at the
235:Western
224:pottery
213:moulded
209:welding
185:carving
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15013:female
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14562:Europe
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14457:statue
14452:relief
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14046:(2008)
14040:(1981)
14032:(1971)
14024:(1967)
13999:(1920)
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13985:(1904)
13977:(1897)
13961:(1886)
13952:(1880)
13944:(1843)
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13932:(1753)
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