554:
1728:
1696:
3057:
2892:
2862:
173:
1604:
1130:
1708:
128:
3001:
2836:
2990:
1660:
2822:
1625:
515:
1161:
2980:
487:
2872:
2812:
3032:
3011:
973:
501:
529:
2792:
2782:
2969:
2752:
2882:
2852:
2772:
1586:
142:
2385:
2762:
2959:
2802:
2001:"Antiquitas nostra primum Calarense iudicatum, quod tunc erat caput tocius Sardinie, armis subiugavit, et regem Sardinie Musaitum nomine civitati Ianue captum adduxerunt, quem per episcopum qui tunc Ianue erat, aule sacri palatii in Alamanniam mandaverunt, intimantes regnum illius nuper esse additum ditioni Romani imperii." – Oberti Cancellarii, Annales p 71, Georg Heinrich (a cura di) MGH, Scriptores, Hannoverae, 1863, XVIII, pp. 56–96
2446:
3022:
2946:
3043:
1473:
1939:
civitatem edificare ibi atque homines Sardos vivos in cruce murare. Et tunc Pisani et
Ianuenses illuc venere, et ille propter pavorem eorum fugit in Africam. Pisani vero et Ianuenses reversi sunt Turrim, in quo insurrexerunt Ianuenses in Pisanos, et Pisani vicerunt illos et eiecerunt eos de Sardinea."
1938:
B. MARAGONIS, Annales pisani a.1004–1175, ed. K. PERTZ, in MGH, Scriptores, 19, Hannoverae, 1861/1963, pp. 236–2 and Gli
Annales Pisani di Bernardo Maragone, a cura di M. L.GENTILE, in Rerum Italicarum Scriptores, n.e., VI/2, Bologna 1930, pp. 4–7. "1017. Fuit Mugietus reversus in Sardineam, et cepit
1225:
waged war on Aragon. The Crown of Aragon did not reduce the last of the judicates (indigenous kingdoms of
Sardinia) until 1420. The Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica retained its separate character as part of the Crown of Aragon and was not merely incorporated into the Kingdom of Aragon. At the time of
2109:
Barisone Doria: "La senyoria no la tenim ne havem haùda ne del rey ne da regina, e no som tenguts a rey ne a regina axi com eren los dits harons de
Sicilia, abans de la dita senyoria e domini obtenim per Madonna Elionor, nostra muller, che és jutgessa d'Arborea e filla e succehidora per son pare per
2010:
Crónica del califa 'Abd ar-Rahmân III an-Nâsir entre los años 912–942,(al-Muqtabis V), édicion. a cura de P. CHALMETA – F. CORRIENTE, Madrid, 1979, p. 365 "Tuesday, August 24th 942 (A.D.), a messenger of the Lord of the island of
Sardinia appeared at the gate of al-Nasir ... asking for a treaty of
942:
of Genoa and Pisa, that through alliances with the "judges" (the local rulers), secured their political and economic zones of influence. While Genoa was mostly, but not always, in the north and west regions of
Sardinia, that is, in the Judicates of Gallura and Logudoro; Pisa was mostly, but not
2110:
lo jutgat d'Arborea, la qual Casa d'Arborea ha D anys que ha hauda senyioria en la present illa" "We had our lordship not from any king or queen and have not to be loyal to any king or queen as sicilian Barons, because we had our lordship from
Madonna Elionor, our wife, who is Lady Judge (
770:("transfer of rule") and continued to organize itself along the ancient Roman and Byzantine model. The island was not the personal property of the ruler and of his family, as was then the dominant practice in western Europe, but rather a separate entity and during the Byzantine rule, a
1144:(pro-imperial) city of Pisa and the Holy Roman Empire itself. Furthermore, Sardinia was then under the control of the very Catholic kings of Aragon, and the last result of rapprochement of the island to Rome. The Sardinian church had never been under the control of the
1377:, started the conquest of the remaining Sardinian territories, which formed the Kingdom of Sardinia. In 1368 an Arborean offensive succeeded in nearly driving the Aragonese from the island, reducing the "Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica" to just the port cities of
954:. The first could not reunify the island under his rule, despite years of war against the other Sardinian judges, and he finally concluded a peace treaty with them in 1172. The second did not have the opportunity. Invested with the title from his father,
1373:, the only Sardinian state that remained independent of foreign domination, proved far more difficult to subdue. Threatened by the Aragonese claims of suzerainty and consolidation of the rest of the island, in 1353 Arborea, under the leadership of
1695:
1659:
2011:
peace and friendship. With him were the merchants, people Malfat, known in al-Andalus as from Amalfi, with the whole range of their precious goods, ingots of pure silver, brocades etc. ... transactions which drew gain and great benefits"
2118:) of Arborea, daughter and successor of her father of the Judicate of Arborea, and this House of Arborea has reigned for five hundreds years in this island." – Archivo de la Corona d'Aragon. Colleccion de documentos inéditos. XLVIII
2152:
G. Seche, L'incoronazione di
Barisone "Re di Sardegna" in due fonti contemporanee: gli Annales genovesi e gli Annales pisani, in Rivista dell'Istituto di storia dell'Europa mediterranea, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, n°4,
1972:
C. Zedda-R. Pinna, La nascita dei giudicati, proposta per lo scioglimento di un enigma storiografico, su
Archivio Storico Giuridico Sardo di Sassari, vol. n°12, 2007, Dipartimento di Scienze Giuridiche dell'Università di
943:
always, in the south and east, in the
Judicates of Cagliari and Arborea. That was the cause of conflicts leading to a long war between the Judges, who regarded themselves as kings fighting against rebellious nobles.
1453:
In the late 15th and in the early 16th century the Spaniards built watchtowers all along the coast (today called "Spanish towers") to protect the island against Ottoman incursions. In 1637 a French fleet led by
1982:
F. Pinna, Le testimonianze archeologiche relative ai rapporti tra gli Arabi e la Sardegna nel medioevo, in Rivista dell'Istituto di storia dell'Europa mediterranea, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, n°4,
1707:
1727:
1603:
836:
to the Sardinian church, politics and society, and to finally reunify the island under one Catholic ruler, as it had been for all of southern Italy, when the Byzantines had been driven away by Catholic
1531:, Duke of Savoy and Prince of Piedmont (and now King of Sicily too), had to agree to yield Sicily to the Austrian Habsburgs and receive Sardinia in exchange. The exchange was formally ratified in the
1067:, and united only in the person of the king. The Crown of Aragon was made by a council of representatives of the various states and grew in importance for the main purpose of separating the legacy of
1102:
over the oppositions of the Sicilians. The two islands proposed for this new kingdom were occupied by other states and fiefs at the time. In Sardinia, three of the four states that had succeeded
965:, who started to conquer it in 1324, gained full control in 1410, and directly ruled it until 1460. In that year it was incorporated into a sort of confederation of states, each with its own
1396:. After the sale of the remaining territories for 100,000 gold florins to the Judicate of Arborea in 1420, the "Kingdom of Sardinia" extended throughout the island, except for the city of
958:
in 1239, he was soon recalled by his parent and appointed Imperial Vicar for Italy. He died in 1272 without direct recognized heirs after a detention of 23 years in a prison in Bologna.
1535:
of 17 February 1720. Because the Kingdom of Sardinia had existed since the 14th century, the exchange allowed Victor Amadeus to retain the title of king in spite of the loss of Sicily.
764:
by Arab armies) harassed the population of the coastal cities. Facing Arab attempts to sack and conquer the island, while having almost no outside help, Sardinia used the principle of
2348:
Zedda Corrado – Pinna Raimondo, La nascita dei Giudicati. Proposta per lo scioglimento di un enigma storiografico, in Archivio Storico Giuridico di Sassari, seconda serie, n° 12, 2007
2171:
Geronimo Zurita, Los cinco libros postreros de la segunda parte de los Anales de la Corona d'Aragon, Oficino de Domingo de Portonaris y Ursono, Zaragoza, 1629, libro XVII, pag. 75–76
1561:
of 1847, the local Sardinian institutions including the Viceroy were abolished. However, the title of King of Sardinia was maintained by the House of Savoy until their fall from the
1392:
again swept the most of the island into Arborean rule. This situation lasted until 1409 when the army of the Judicate of Arborea suffered a heavy defeat by the Aragonese army in the
2293:
Gallinari Luciano, Il Giudicato di Cagliari tra XI e XIII secolo. Proposte di interpretazioni istituzionali, in Rivista dell'Istituto di Storia dell'Europa Mediterranea, n°5, 2010
2928:
2723:
1272:
Corsica, which had never been conquered, was dropped from the formal title and Sardinia passed with the Crown of Aragon to a united Spain. The defeat of the local kingdoms,
1538:
Victor Amadeus initially resisted the exchange, and until 1723 continued to style himself King of Sicily rather than King of Sardinia. The state took the official title of
3025:
1412:
in 1448. The subduing of Sardinia having taken a century, Corsica, which had never been wrestled from the Genoese, was dropped from the formal title of the Kingdom.
2128:
1284:, as well as the discovery of the Americas, provoked an unstoppable decline of the Kingdom of Sardinia. A short period of uprisings occurred under the local noble
2575:
1241:, King of Sicily and heir to Aragon, bought the remaining territories for 100,000 gold florins of the Judicate of Arborea in the 1420 from the last judge,
3086:
1293:
2921:
841:. Even the title of "Judge" was a Byzantine reminder of the Greek church and state, in times of harsh relations between eastern and western churches (
2716:
1346:
and asserted his papally-approved title. In 1347, Aragon made war on landlords of the Doria House and the Malaspina House, who were citizens of the
1292:, who defended his territories against Viceroy Nicolò Carroz and managed to defeat the viceroy's army in the 1470s, but was later crushed at the
874:, who reigned in the island from the 9th or 10th century until the beginning of the 11th century, can be considered real kings of all Sardinia (
2235:
Schena, Olivetta. "The role played by towns in parliamentary commissions in the kingdom of Sardinia in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries."
1701:
The Kingdom of Sardinia from 1368 to 1388 and 1392 to 1409, after the wars with Arborea, consisted of only the cities of Cagliari and Alghero.
172:
2914:
2329:
Motzo Bachisio Raimondo, Studi sui bizantini in Sardegna e sull'agiografia sarda, Deputazione di Storia Patria della Sardegna, Cagliari, 1987
1050:
3076:
2709:
2162:
Dino Punchu (a cura di), I Libri Iurium della Repubblica de Genova, Ministero per i Beni Culturali e Ambientali, Roma, 1996, n°390, pag.334
1388:
A peace treaty returned the Aragonese their previous possessions in 1388, but tensions continued and, in 1382, the Arborean army led by
1198:, promising him papal support should he wish to conquer Pisan Sardinia in exchange for Sicily. In 1323 James II formed an alliance with
793:
and numerous other coastal centres suffered the same fate. There is a record of another massive Saracen sea attack in 1015–16 from the
1624:
1145:
777:
Information about the Sardinian political situation in the following centuries is scarce. Due to Saracen attacks, in the 9th century
2342:
Paulis Giulio, Lingua e cultura nella Sardegna bizantina: testimonianze linguistiche dell'influsso greco, Sassari, L'Asfodelo, 1983
892:), who probably ruled in the 10th century. The archons still wrote in Greek or Latin, but one of the oldest documents left of the
2570:
2351:
880:), even though nominal vassals of the Byzantine emperors. Of these sovereigns, only two names are known: Turcoturiu and Salusiu (
3081:
2522:
2249:
AAVV. (a cura di F. Manconi), La società sarda in età spagnola, Cagliari, Consiglio Regionale della Sardegna, 2 voll., 1992-3
2895:
1230:
granted an autonomous legislature to the kingdom and its legal traditions. The kingdom was governed in the king's name by a
3096:
2558:
2020:
Constantini Porphyrogeneti De caerimoniis aulae Byzantinae, in Patrologia cursus completus. Series Graeca CXII, Paris 1857
2962:
1768:
1467:
547:
2373:
1194:
of the papacy. Then, ignoring the indigenous states which already existed, the pope offered his newly invented fief to
1140:
There were other reasons beside this papal decision: it was the final successful result of the long fight against the
2337:
2321:
2301:
2257:
2230:
1043:
961:
The Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica (later, just the "Kingdom of Sardinia" from 1460) was a state whose king was the
955:
2607:
2617:
2517:
2311:
2278:
1501:
1309:
846:
761:
641:
320:
3056:
2252:
Blasco Ferrer Eduardo, Crestomazia Sarda dei primi secoli, collana Officina Linguistica, Ilisso, Nuoro, 2003,
1882:. Carlodelfino Editore. pp. 32, 49). However, every king of Sardinia continued to retain the nominal title of
2765:
2494:
2413:
1524:
1481:
1134:
999:
1870:, in that it was originally meant to also include the neighbouring island of Corsica, until its status as a
3091:
2825:
2805:
2795:
2489:
2482:
2403:
1753:
1748:
1585:
1231:
1036:
716:
402:
289:
1106:
rule in the 9th century had passed through marriage and partition under the direct or indirect control of
2785:
2472:
2085:
1416:
1313:
1019:
850:
806:
798:
771:
653:
1129:
2891:
2865:
2861:
2815:
2775:
2755:
2433:
1763:
1532:
684:
680:
415:
161:
3106:
3101:
901:
746:
695:
which expanded to the island the centralized administrative system which was adopted by the mainland
656:, the last competing claim to the island was bought out. After the union of the crowns of Aragon and
3014:
1455:
972:
2381:
1480:
The Spanish domination of Sardinia ended at the beginning of the 18th century, as a result of the
2266:
1242:
1179:
1099:
1095:
833:
688:
1202:
and, following a military campaign which lasted a year or so, occupied the Pisan territories of
2366:
1875:
1609:
Imperial Eagle of Roman Holy Emperor Charles V with the four Moors of the Kingdom of Sardinia (
1443:
1374:
1289:
1068:
947:
861:
842:
376:
2989:
2287:
Coroneo Roberto, Arte in Sardegna dal IV alla metà dell'XI secolo, edizioni AV, Cagliari, 2011
729:. The Romans ruled the island until the middle of the 5th century when it was occupied by the
127:
3035:
2855:
2565:
2527:
2512:
2038:
Roberto Coroneo, Arte in Sardegna dal IV alla metà dell'XI secolo, edizioni AV, Cagliari 2011
1734:
1447:
1072:
3000:
946:
Later, the title of King of Sardinia was granted by the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire to
2504:
2467:
2462:
2423:
1949:
1682:
1004:
994:
989:
931:
919:
893:
829:
722:
2835:
2262:
Boscolo Alberto, La Sardegna bizantina e alto giudicale, Edizioni Della TorreCagliari 1978
1878:, who dropped the last original bit mentioning Corsica in 1479 (Francesco Cesare, Casula.
753:, became very difficult, and powerful families of the island assumed control of the land.
8:
2993:
2885:
2640:
2543:
2477:
2454:
2428:
2061:
1714:
1686:
1513:
1509:
1370:
1359:
1331:
1238:
1222:
1169:
1024:
980:
939:
927:
923:
712:
520:
492:
17:
2821:
934:, perfectly organized as was the previous realm, but was now under the influence of the
2655:
2650:
2635:
2630:
2408:
2115:
1817:
1505:
1245:, and the "Kingdom of Sardinia" extended throughout the island, except for the city of
1227:
1199:
1195:
1183:
1175:
1160:
1083:
1079:
1014:
908:
810:
766:
637:
308:
231:
80:
1152:, but during the Byzantine period became influenced by Byzantine liturgy and culture.
825:
also requested aid from the two maritime republics in the struggle against the Arabs.
2979:
2692:
2674:
2667:
2553:
2418:
2359:
2333:
2317:
2307:
2297:
2274:
2253:
2226:
1871:
1718:
1528:
1517:
1485:
1393:
1389:
1347:
951:
905:
818:
668:
604:
389:
253:
235:
108:
2906:
2306:
Manconi Francesco, Una piccola provincia di un grande impero, CUEC, Cagliari, 2012,
1913:
877:Κύριε βοήθε ιοῦ δούλου σου Tουρκοτουρίου ἅρχωντοσ Σαρδινίας καί τής δούλης σου Γετιτ
2736:
2701:
2662:
2625:
2585:
2548:
1840:
1574:
1562:
1335:
1273:
1103:
1087:
814:
742:
734:
672:
657:
506:
363:
272:
243:
239:
133:
94:
66:
52:
2871:
2811:
2296:
Manconi Francesco, La Sardegna al tempo degli Asburgo, Il Maestrale, Nuoro, 2010,
3031:
3010:
1670:
1442:
of Sardinia was established in Cagliari, while in 1607 and 1617 were founded the
1300:
and a series of plagues (in 1582, 1652 and 1655) further worsened the situation.
1285:
1064:
1009:
611:
596:
592:
534:
455:
282:
201:
190:
2580:
3046:
3004:
2983:
2972:
2941:
1758:
1558:
1551:
1497:
1489:
1409:
1258:
962:
912:
750:
726:
700:
696:
692:
661:
600:
588:
428:
258:
194:
38:
2781:
1296:
in 1478, ending any further revolts in the island. The unceasing attacks from
3070:
2968:
2751:
1420:
1297:
938:, which claimed sovereignty over the entire island, and in particular of the
822:
676:
2881:
2851:
2771:
2290:
Coroneo Roberto, Scultura mediobizantina in Sardegna, Nuoro, Poliedro, 2000,
1476:
19th-century coat of arms of the Kingdom of Sardinia under the Savoy dynasty
2937:
1804:
when the kingdom was still considered to include Corsica. In Italian it is
1149:
790:
749:
in the 9th century. After that, communications with the Byzantine capital,
738:
342:
2791:
2316:
Mastino Attilio, Storia della Sardegna Antica, Il Maestrale, Nuoro, 2005,
1592:
1424:
1397:
1280:, the firm Aragonese (later Spanish) rule, the introduction of a sterile
1246:
347:
337:
141:
2679:
2332:
Ortu Gian Giacomo, La Sardegna dei Giudici, Il Maestrale, Nuoro, 2005,
1439:
1141:
450:
2029:
R. CORONEO, Scultura mediobizantina in Sardegna, Nuoro, Poliedro, 2000
1651:
2875:
2595:
2345:
Spanu Luigi, Cagliari nel seicento, Edizioni Castello, Cagliari, 1999
1992:
Archeological museum of Cagliari, from Santa Sofia church in Villasor
1547:
1281:
794:
2761:
1900:
1322:" could be said to have started as a questionable and extraordinary
2958:
2801:
2600:
2590:
2389:
2384:
1713:
The Kingdom of Sardinia from 1410 to 1420, after the defeat of the
1678:
1666:
1378:
1351:
1339:
1277:
1203:
1148:; it was an autonomous province loyal to Rome and belonging to the
786:
782:
757:
615:
218:
2445:
3021:
2732:
1432:
1382:
1363:
1355:
1343:
1211:
1207:
1119:
918:
The realm was divided into four small kingdoms, the Judicates of
838:
778:
730:
683:. Sardinia retained its autonomous institutions according to the
619:
267:
2945:
1338:, James II seized the Pisan territories in the former states of
3042:
1543:
1493:
1472:
1133:
The flag of the Kingdom of Sardinia at the funeral ceremony of
1115:
1091:
935:
857:
805:). The Saracen attempt to invade the island was stopped by the
623:
585:
1929:, vol. 3, a cura di Giorgia Ingrassia e Eduardo Blasco Ferrer
1674:
1428:
1111:
887:
881:
875:
607:
until 1717, and then of the Spanish Empire again until 1720.
572:
147:
2129:"Storia di Sardegna, Pisa e Genova in guerra per il dominio"
1330:
existence began in 1324 when, called by their allies of the
1568:
1191:
1107:
627:
2326:
Meloni Piero, La Sardegna Romana, Chiarella, Sassari, 1980
1385:
and incorporating everything else into their own kingdom.
1090:. This was an inducement to join in the effort to restore
595:
created in the early 14th century and a possession of the
2174:
1915:
Flags of the World: Kingdom of Sardinia – Part 2 (Italy).
1122:
since conquering the island nearly two centuries before (
1155:
1354:
state in north-western Sardinia, including the city of
2936:
2186:
1542:, as the House of Savoy still claimed the thrones of
640:
in 1297. Beginning in 1324, James and his successors
2731:
622:, sovereignty over both of which was claimed by the
1902:
Bandiere degli Stati preunitari italiani: Sardegna.
1652:
Territorial evolution of Sardinia from 1324 to 1720
1350:, which controlled most of the lands of the former
1461:
1303:
721:In 238 BC Sardinia became, along with Corsica, a
3068:
1950:"Sardegna Cultura – Periodi storici – Giudicale"
1520:, Sardinia, and the bulk of the Duchy of Milan.
856:Before the Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica, the
1811:
1733:The Kingdom of Sardinia from 1448 to 1720; the
1419:, a French army of 4000 men led by the Italian
1078:The idea of the kingdom was created in 1297 by
72:
1822:
1488:of 1713, Spain's European empire was divided:
100:
2922:
2717:
2367:
1834:
1828:
1805:
1164:The Kingdom of Sardinia in a 16th-century map
1044:
745:. It remained a Byzantine province until the
636:("kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica"), to King
86:
58:
44:
1792:The name of the state was originally Latin:
1423:attacked the north of the island, besieging
785:, after more than 1800 years of occupation;
316:• 1720 (last before the Savoyard rule)
1907:
1883:
1865:
1799:
1793:
869:
660:, Sardinia became a part of the burgeoning
631:
30:
3087:States and territories established in 1324
2929:
2915:
2724:
2710:
2374:
2360:
2223:The Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire
1896:
1894:
1051:
1037:
614:and initially consisted of the islands of
171:
1540:Kingdom of Sardinia, Cyprus and Jerusalem
1146:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
1094:, then under the rule of James's brother
1569:Flags, royal standards and coats of arms
1471:
1366:, and added them to its direct domains.
1159:
1128:
16:For broader coverage of this topic, see
2237:Parliaments, Estates and Representation
1891:
1774:
1082:, as a hypothetical entity created for
889:καὶ Σαλουσίου των εὐγενεστάτων ἀρχόντων
675:claimants to the Spanish throne to the
3069:
2265:
2192:
2180:
2086:"GIUDICATI in "Enciclopedia Italiana""
2062:"Sardinia – Vandal and Byzantine rule"
883:Tουρκοτουρίου βασιλικοῦ πρωτοσπαθαρίου
809:with the support of the fleets of the
2910:
2705:
2355:
1839:
1816:
1156:Foundation of the Kingdom of Sardinia
667:In 1720, the island was ceded by the
1874:land was eventually acknowledged by
1550:, although both had long been under
904:in 1070, was already written in the
832:, Rome made many efforts to restore
774:, as it had been since Roman times.
3077:Viceroyalties of the Spanish Empire
1880:Italia, il grande inganno 1861–2011
1630:Flag of the Kingdom of Sardinia in
13:
2576:Archaeological and artistic sights
2273:. Sassari: Carlo Delfino Editore.
1458:sacked Oristano for about a week.
1408:), which had been stolen from the
14:
3118:
2206:Storia dei sardi e della Sardegna
2049:Storia Linguistica Della Sardegna
1864:The Kingdom was initially called
3055:
3041:
3030:
3020:
3009:
2999:
2988:
2978:
2967:
2957:
2944:
2890:
2880:
2870:
2860:
2850:
2834:
2820:
2810:
2800:
2790:
2780:
2770:
2760:
2750:
2444:
2383:
1726:
1706:
1694:
1658:
1623:
1602:
1584:
1214:, claiming the territory as the
971:
743:Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire
706:
642:conquered the island of Sardinia
552:
527:
513:
499:
485:
140:
126:
2215:
2198:
2165:
2156:
2146:
2121:
2103:
2078:
2054:
2047:Ferrer, Eduardo Blasco (1984).
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2004:
1995:
1986:
1769:Kingdom of Sardinia (1700–1720)
1468:Kingdom of Sardinia (1700–1720)
1462:Exchange of Sardinia for Sicily
1320:Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica
1216:Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica
548:Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)
177:Map of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
165:"The Sardinian national anthem"
2518:List of presidents of Sardinia
1976:
1966:
1942:
1932:
1920:
1858:
1786:
1334:in the course of war with the
1310:Aragonese conquest of Sardinia
1304:Aragonese conquest of Sardinia
1114:in the 40 years preceding the
847:Siege of Constantinople (1204)
652:authority. In 1420, after the
610:The kingdom was a part of the
1:
3082:1324 establishments in Europe
2243:
1681:, which included the defunct
1525:War of the Quadruple Alliance
1482:War of the Spanish succession
1118:treaty. Genoa had also ruled
1086:under a secret clause in the
902:Torchitorio I de Lacon-Gunale
618:and a claim to the island of
1867:Regnum Sardiniae et Corsicae
1801:Regnum Sardiniae et Corsicae
1779:
1754:List of viceroys of Sardinia
1749:List of monarchs of Sardinia
1226:his struggles with Arborea,
1188:Regnum Sardiniae et Corsicae
717:List of monarchs of Sardinia
633:regnum Sardiniae et Corsicae
7:
3097:Former monarchies of Europe
2225:, The Belknap Press, 2009,
1818:[ˈrenːuðɛzaɾˈdiɲːa]
1742:
1665:The political situation in
1257:) that was stolen from the
1075:when they married in 1469.
851:Recapture of Constantinople
10:
3123:
1841:[ˈrɛŋnəðəsəɾˈðɛɲə]
1572:
1465:
1307:
1178:, intervening between the
1167:
888:
882:
876:
865:
781:was abandoned in favor of
756:Starting from 705 to 706,
710:
681:Victor Amadeus II of Savoy
626:, which granted them as a
15:
3053:
2953:
2843:
2832:
2743:
2690:
2616:
2536:
2503:
2453:
2442:
2396:
1927:Storia della lingua sarda
1737:was conquered in 1767–69.
1186:, established on paper a
1063:institutions, called the
1000:Phoenician–Punic Sardinia
747:Muslim conquest of Sicily
568:
464:
443:
439:
425:
412:
399:
386:
373:
360:
356:
330:
326:
314:
304:• 1324–1327 (first)
302:
298:
288:
278:
266:
249:
227:
211:
182:
170:
156:
122:
117:
25:
3015:Principality of Piedmont
2844:Americas and East Indies
2397:Administrative divisions
2267:Casula, Francesco Cesare
2135:(in Italian). 2017-11-10
1851:
1456:Henri, Count of Harcourt
603:until 1708, then of the
3026:Principality of Oneglia
2066:Encyclopedia Britannica
1764:S'hymnu sardu nationale
1646:
1358:and the semiautonomous
1314:Sardinian–Aragonese war
1243:William III of Narbonne
1210:along with the city of
1096:Frederick III of Sicily
735:settled in north Africa
654:Sardinian–Aragonese war
189:Associate state of the
162:S'hymnu sardu nationale
2608:National football team
1954:www.sardegnacultura.it
1884:
1876:Ferdinand II of Aragon
1866:
1835:
1829:
1823:
1812:
1806:
1800:
1794:
1477:
1444:University of Cagliari
1165:
1137:
1069:Ferdinand II of Aragon
948:Barisone II of Arborea
870:
843:Massacre of the Latins
687:until 1847, when King
632:
599:first and then of the
197:(1324–1708, 1717–1720)
101:
87:
73:
59:
45:
31:
3036:Marquisate of Saluzzo
2566:Sa die de sa Sardigna
2513:Elections in Sardinia
2271:La storia di Sardegna
2239:39.3 (2019): 304–315.
1735:Maddalena archipelago
1475:
1448:University of Sassari
1400:(at that time called
1308:Further information:
1298:north African pirates
1261:in 1448, and renamed
1249:(at that time called
1163:
1132:
1073:Isabella I of Castile
228:Common languages
2468:Sardinia and Corsica
2208:, Volume 3 pp. 55–56
1888:("King of Corsica").
1775:Notes and references
1683:Judicate of Cagliari
1669:after 1324 when the
1435:for almost a month.
1415:In 1527, during the
1290:Marquess of Oristano
1005:Sardinia and Corsica
995:Nuragic civilization
990:Pre-Nuragic Sardinia
956:Emperor Frederick II
894:Judicate of Cagliari
772:monarchical republic
416:Became part of Savoy
377:Actual establishment
3092:History of Sardinia
2994:Duchy of Montferrat
2963:Kingdom of Sardinia
2571:Tourist attractions
2183:, pp. 303–304.
2051:, pg.65, De Gruyter
1597:(union with Aragon)
1533:Treaty of The Hague
1514:Spanish Netherlands
1510:Archduke of Austria
1371:Judicate of Arborea
1332:Judicate of Arborea
1326:state in 1297, its
1239:Alfonso V of Aragon
1170:History of Sardinia
1025:Kingdom of Sardinia
1020:Sardinian Judicates
981:History of Sardinia
760:from north Africa (
737:. In 534 AD it was
713:History of Sardinia
582:Kingdom of Sardinia
521:Republic of Sassari
493:Judicate of Arborea
27:Kingdom of Sardinia
18:Kingdom of Sardinia
2204:Massimo Guidetti,
1506:Holy Roman Emperor
1478:
1438:In 1566 the first
1417:Franco-Spanish War
1228:Peter IV of Aragon
1200:Hugh II of Arborea
1196:James II of Aragon
1176:Pope Boniface VIII
1166:
1138:
1104:Byzantine imperial
1084:James II of Aragon
1080:Pope Boniface VIII
1015:Byzantine Sardinia
911:, albeit with the
909:Sardinian language
811:maritime republics
767:translatio imperii
762:recently conquered
638:James II of Aragon
403:Spanish reconquest
3064:
3063:
2904:
2903:
2699:
2698:
2523:Political parties
2133:La Nuova Sardegna
1836:Regne de Sardenya
1833:, and in Catalan
1824:Regnu di Sardegna
1813:Rennu de Sardigna
1807:Regno di Sardegna
1719:Battle of Sanluri
1715:Arborean Judicate
1529:Victor Amadeus II
1518:Kingdom of Naples
1496:and parts of the
1486:Treaty of Utrecht
1394:Battle of Sanluri
1390:Brancaleone Doria
1348:Republic of Genoa
1294:Battle of Macomer
1263:Castillo Aragonés
1061:
1060:
952:Enzio of Sardinia
799:Mujāhid al-ʿĀmirī
685:treaty of cession
578:
577:
564:
563:
560:
559:
540:
539:
364:Papal investiture
262:
254:Roman Catholicism
102:Regnu di Sardegna
88:Regno di Sardegna
74:Rennu de Sardigna
46:Regne de Sardenya
3114:
3107:Christian states
3102:Island countries
3059:
3045:
3034:
3024:
3013:
3003:
2992:
2982:
2971:
2961:
2948:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2908:
2907:
2894:
2884:
2874:
2864:
2854:
2838:
2824:
2814:
2804:
2794:
2784:
2774:
2764:
2754:
2737:Spanish monarchy
2726:
2719:
2712:
2703:
2702:
2647:Corso-Sardinian
2448:
2388:
2387:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2353:
2352:
2284:
2221:Luttwak Edward,
2209:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2125:
2119:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2058:
2052:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1946:
1940:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1911:
1905:
1898:
1889:
1887:
1869:
1862:
1845:
1843:
1838:
1832:
1830:Reino de Cerdeña
1826:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1795:Regnum Sardiniae
1790:
1730:
1710:
1698:
1662:
1627:
1606:
1588:
1575:Flag of Sardinia
1512:), received the
1425:Castellaragonese
1336:Republic of Pisa
1267:Aragonese Castle
1190:that would be a
1088:Treaty of Anagni
1053:
1046:
1039:
975:
968:
967:
891:
890:
885:
884:
879:
878:
873:
868:) or, in Latin,
867:
644:and established
635:
556:
555:
544:
543:
531:
530:
517:
516:
507:Republic of Pisa
503:
502:
489:
488:
482:
481:
466:
465:
256:
175:
144:
130:
112:
104:
98:
90:
84:
76:
70:
62:
60:Reino de Cerdeña
56:
48:
42:
34:
32:Regnum Sardiniae
23:
22:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3051:
3038:
3017:
2996:
2975:
2949:
2935:
2905:
2900:
2896:Río de la Plata
2839:
2830:
2739:
2730:
2700:
2695:
2686:
2612:
2532:
2499:
2449:
2440:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2281:
2246:
2218:
2213:
2212:
2203:
2199:
2191:
2187:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2147:
2138:
2136:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2108:
2104:
2095:
2093:
2090:www.treccani.it
2084:
2083:
2079:
2070:
2068:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1977:
1971:
1967:
1958:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1912:
1908:
1899:
1892:
1863:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1848:
1810:, in Sardinian
1791:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1722:
1711:
1702:
1699:
1690:
1677:territories of
1663:
1654:
1649:
1634:
1628:
1614:
1607:
1598:
1596:
1589:
1577:
1571:
1470:
1464:
1316:
1306:
1286:Leonardo Alagon
1180:Houses of Anjou
1172:
1158:
1100:Angevin dynasty
1065:Crown of Aragon
1057:
1010:Vandal Sardinia
896:(the so-called
797:, commanded by
733:, who had also
719:
711:Main articles:
709:
612:Crown of Aragon
597:Crown of Aragon
593:Southern Europe
553:
535:Crown of Aragon
528:
514:
500:
486:
460:
456:Sardinian scudo
432:
418:
405:
392:
390:Became Habsburg
379:
366:
352:
317:
305:
283:Feudal monarchy
223:
207:
191:Crown of Aragon
178:
166:
164:
152:
151:
150:
145:
137:
136:
131:
113:
106:
99:
92:
85:
78:
71:
64:
57:
50:
43:
36:
28:
21:
12:
11:
5:
3120:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3062:
3061:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3047:County of Nice
3039:
3028:
3018:
3007:
3005:Duchy of Genoa
2997:
2986:
2984:Duchy of Aosta
2976:
2973:Duchy of Savoy
2965:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2942:House of Savoy
2934:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2911:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2888:
2878:
2868:
2858:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2818:
2808:
2798:
2788:
2778:
2768:
2758:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2729:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2706:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2682:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2551:
2546:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2459:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2434:South Sardinia
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2406:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2379:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2314:
2304:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2279:
2263:
2260:
2250:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2233:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2197:
2195:, p. 372.
2185:
2173:
2164:
2155:
2145:
2120:
2102:
2077:
2053:
2040:
2031:
2022:
2013:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1975:
1965:
1941:
1931:
1919:
1906:
1890:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1821:, in Corsican
1784:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1759:Spanish Empire
1756:
1751:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1732:
1725:
1723:
1712:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1693:
1691:
1673:conquered the
1664:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1636:
1635:
1629:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1599:
1590:
1583:
1581:
1573:Main article:
1570:
1567:
1563:Italian throne
1559:perfect fusion
1498:Duchy of Milan
1466:Main article:
1463:
1460:
1406:Castelgenovese
1318:Although the "
1305:
1302:
1255:Castelgenovese
1168:Main article:
1157:
1154:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
984:
983:
977:
976:
963:King of Aragon
940:Italian states
913:Greek alphabet
801:(Latinized as
751:Constantinople
727:Roman Republic
723:joint province
708:
705:
701:Napoleonic era
697:Savoyard state
693:Perfect fusion
689:Charles Albert
662:Spanish Empire
601:Spanish Empire
576:
575:
570:
566:
565:
562:
561:
558:
557:
550:
541:
538:
537:
532:
524:
523:
518:
510:
509:
504:
496:
495:
490:
478:
477:
472:
462:
461:
459:
458:
453:
447:
445:
441:
440:
437:
436:
433:
431:with Piedmont
429:Perfect fusion
426:
423:
422:
419:
413:
410:
409:
406:
400:
397:
396:
393:
387:
384:
383:
380:
374:
371:
370:
367:
361:
358:
357:
354:
353:
351:
350:
345:
340:
334:
332:
331:Historical era
328:
327:
324:
323:
318:
315:
312:
311:
306:
303:
300:
299:
296:
295:
292:
286:
285:
280:
276:
275:
270:
264:
263:
251:
247:
246:
229:
225:
224:
222:
221:
215:
213:
209:
208:
206:
205:
198:
195:Spanish Empire
186:
184:
180:
179:
176:
168:
167:
154:
153:
146:
139:
138:
132:
125:
124:
123:
120:
119:
115:
114:
29:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3119:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3058:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2932:
2927:
2925:
2920:
2918:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2837:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2694:
2689:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
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1989:
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1955:
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2137:. Retrieved
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2094:. Retrieved
2092:(in Italian)
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2080:
2069:. Retrieved
2065:
2056:
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2025:
2016:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1978:
1968:
1957:. Retrieved
1953:
1944:
1934:
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1914:
1909:
1901:
1885:Rex Corsicae
1879:
1860:
1788:
1639:
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1631:
1611:16th century
1610:
1591:
1556:
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1427:and sacking
1414:
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1139:
1123:
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830:Great Schism
827:
802:
791:Porto Torres
776:
765:
755:
720:
691:enacted the
666:
649:
645:
609:
581:
579:
475:Succeeded by
474:
469:
343:Early modern
157:
148:Coat of arms
2866:New Granada
2641:Campidanese
2528:Nationalism
2463:Nuragic era
2193:Casula 1994
2181:Casula 1994
1619:State Flags
1593:Middle Ages
1523:During the
1402:Casteldoria
1398:Castelsardo
1375:Marianus IV
1251:Casteldoria
1247:Castelsardo
739:reconquered
699:during the
470:Preceded by
348:Late modern
338:Middle Ages
204:(1708–1717)
3071:Categories
2693:Categories
2680:Tabarchino
2636:Logudorese
2586:Sardinians
2312:8884677882
2280:8871380843
2244:In Italian
2139:2021-08-02
2096:2021-08-02
2071:2021-08-02
1959:2021-08-02
1640:References
1557:Under the
1502:Charles VI
1440:typography
1142:Ghibelline
828:After the
451:Cagliarese
321:Charles VI
279:Government
268:Demonym(s)
2876:New Spain
2856:Columbian
2766:Catalonia
2668:Algherese
2656:Sassarese
2651:Gallurese
2631:Sardinian
2618:Languages
2596:Corsicans
2473:Judicates
2409:Provinces
2116:Sardinian
2112:Juighissa
1780:Footnotes
1671:Aragonese
1565:in 1946.
1548:Jerusalem
1492:received
1484:. By the
1431:and then
1282:feudalism
1237:In 1420,
1221:In 1353,
1174:In 1297,
1135:Charles V
1098:, to the
853:, 1261).
807:Judicates
795:Balearics
605:Habsburgs
273:Sardinian
250:Religion
232:Sardinian
118:1324–1720
81:Sardinian
2826:Valencia
2806:Sardinia
2796:Portugal
2733:Viceroys
2675:Ligurian
2601:Italians
2591:Catalans
2505:Politics
2490:Monarchs
2483:Viceroys
2424:Oristano
2414:Cagliari
2404:Communes
2390:Sardinia
2269:(1994).
1743:See also
1679:Sardinia
1667:Sardinia
1500:, while
1446:and the
1379:Cagliari
1360:Republic
1352:Logudoro
1340:Cagliari
1328:de facto
1278:signorie
1274:communes
1204:Cagliari
1126:. 1133).
932:Logudoro
920:Cagliari
866:ἄρχοντες
845:, 1182,
834:Latinity
783:Oristano
758:Saracens
669:Habsburg
646:de facto
616:Sardinia
444:Currency
309:James II
259:official
236:Corsican
219:Cagliari
200:Part of
193:and the
109:Corsican
2940:of the
2786:Navarre
2735:of the
2663:Catalan
2626:Italian
2544:Cuisine
2537:Culture
2478:Kingdom
2455:History
2429:Sassari
1973:Sassari
1872:Genoese
1721:(1409).
1717:in the
1687:Gallura
1552:Ottoman
1433:Sassari
1383:Alghero
1364:Sassari
1356:Alghero
1344:Gallura
1324:de jure
1232:viceroy
1223:Arborea
1212:Sassari
1208:Gallura
1120:Corsica
928:Gallura
924:Arborea
906:Romance
871:judices
858:archons
839:Normans
821:. Pope
787:Caralis
779:Tharros
741:by the
731:Vandals
725:of the
673:Bourbon
658:Castile
650:de jure
620:Corsica
427:•
414:•
401:•
388:•
375:•
362:•
244:Spanish
240:Catalan
212:Capital
202:Austria
158:Anthem:
95:Italian
67:Spanish
53:Catalan
2938:States
2816:Sicily
2776:Naples
2756:Aragon
2744:Europe
2581:People
2559:Anthem
2495:Mining
2336:
2320:
2310:
2300:
2277:
2256:
2229:
1554:rule.
1544:Cyprus
1516:, the
1494:Sicily
1184:Aragon
1116:Anagni
1092:Sicily
936:papacy
803:Museto
648:their
630:, the
624:papacy
586:feudal
584:was a
294:
183:Status
160:
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2554:Music
2419:Nuoro
1852:Notes
1798:, or
1675:Pisan
1504:(the
1490:Savoy
1429:Sorso
1410:Doria
1259:Doria
1112:Genoa
819:Genoa
589:state
573:Italy
39:Latin
2886:Peru
2549:Flag
2334:ISBN
2318:ISBN
2308:ISBN
2298:ISBN
2275:ISBN
2254:ISBN
2227:ISBN
2153:2010
1983:2010
1685:and
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1632:1568
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1381:and
1369:The
1342:and
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950:and
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671:and
628:fief
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421:1720
408:1717
395:1708
382:1324
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290:King
242:and
134:Flag
2114:in
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1253:or
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