227:
high altitudes. The turbocharger was combined with a mechanically driven blower, so that the turbocharger creates the first stage of compression, and the mechanical blower the second stage. At low load and startup, the turbocharger does not contribute to supercharging the engine, but the mechanical blower provides enough air for the engine to operate. At high load, however, the turbocharger receives sufficient quantities of exhaust gas, which means that it alone can provide enough supercharging without the need of the inefficient mechanical blower. The addition of the turbocharger to the mechanical blower made the engine more powerful without significantly increasing its specific fuel consumption.
167:
29:
357:
bomber, but was found too unresponsive for combat and liable to failure at maximum power, common for combat aircraft. Later versions of the design also used the engine for extreme high-altitude use, as with the Ju 86P and -R versions for high-altitude reconnaissance over the
British Isles. In January
195:
The Jumo largely addressed this problem through a clever arrangement of the ports. The intake port was positioned under the "lower" piston, while the exhaust port was under the "upper" piston. The lower crankshaft operated 11° behind the upper, causing the exhaust ports to open and close first, which
226:
Because the temperature of the exhaust gases of the Jumo diesel engines was substantially lower than that of comparable carburettor engines, it was easier to add a turbocharger for higher altitudes. This was explored in the Jumo 207 which used the energy of the exhaust gases to increase the power at
182:
configuration. This unusual configuration required two crankshafts, one at the bottom of the cylinder block and the other at the top, geared together. The pistons moved towards each other during the operating cycle. The intake ports were located at one end of the cylinder, whereas the exhaust ports
199:
Some downside exists to this system, as well. For one, since matching pistons were not closing at quite the same time, but one ran "ahead" of the other, the engine could not run as smoothly as a true opposed-style engine. In addition, the power from the two opposing crankshafts had to be geared
186:
As is typical of two-stroke designs, the Jumos used no valves, but rather fixed intake and exhaust port apertures cut into the cylinder liners during their manufacture, which were uncovered when the pistons reached a certain point in their strokes. Normally, such designs have poor
191:
because both ports open and close at the same time and are generally located across from each other in the cylinder. This leads to poor scavenging of the burnt charge, which is why valveless two-strokes generally produce smoke and are inefficient.
183:
were at the other end. This made one piston effectively control the intake, and the other control the exhaust. Two cam-operated injection pumps per cylinder were used, each feeding two nozzles, for four nozzles per cylinder in all.
207:
In the Jumo, these problems were avoided to some degree by taking power primarily from the "upper" shaft, somewhat offset upwards on the engine's front end. All of the accessories, such as fuel pumps, injectors and the
1044:
1039:
196:
allowed for proper scavenging. This design enabled the two-stroke Jumos to run nearly as cleanly and efficiently as four-stroke engines with valves, but with significantly less complexity.
154:
flying boat. All three of these variants differed in stroke and bore and supercharging arrangements. In all, more than 900 of these engines were produced, in the 1930s and through most of
212:
compressor, were run from the lower shaft, meaning over half of its power was already used up. What was left over was then geared to the upper shaft, which ran the engine's propeller.
797:
787:
Konrad Reif: Dieselmotor
Management – Systeme, Komponenten, Steuerung und Regelung, 5th edition, Springer, Wiesbaden 2012, ISBN 978-3-8348-1715-0, p. 102
1229:
1132:
1071:
272:
optimised for medium altitude. Cylinder diameter increased from 105 mm to 110 mm. Maximum power at ground level was 1,200 hp (880 kW). Prototypes only.
223:. Details of the oil scavenging system suggest this was not possible and the engine had to be run "vertically", as it was on all designs using it.
1112:
1019:
215:
In theory, the flat layout of the engine could have allowed it to be installed inside the thick wings of larger aircraft, such as
290:
with greater displacement, resulting in a maximum power of 1,500 hp (1,100 kW) at medium altitude. Bench tested but not produced.
1281:
1064:
723:
711:
855:"POWER at the SALON j Detailed Review of the British and Continental Engines at the Show : A Remarkable Variety of Types"
805:
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A license-built version from CLM Lille, delivering 650 hp (480 kW)(CLM was the predecessor to the
854:
674:
835:
Paul Henry
Schweitzer: Scavenging of two-stroke cycle Diesel engines, Macmillan, New York 1949, p. 19
826:
Paul Henry
Schweitzer: Scavenging of two-stroke cycle Diesel engines, Macmillan, New York 1949, p. 8
768:
209:
1024:
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403:
398:
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148:
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82:
78:
44:
798:"Smithsonian National Air & Space Museum - Junkers Jumo 207 D-V2 In-line 6 Diesel Engine"
619:
188:
8:
913:(in German) (Facsimile reprint 1986 ed.). Leipzig: Herm. Beyer Verlag. p. 396.
477:
883:
266:
optimised for medium altitude. Produced in small series for the Blohm & Voss BV 222.
749:
373:, for which its characteristics were ideal, and for noncombat applications such as the
147:
P and -R high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft, and the 46-meter wingspan, six-engined
981:
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first entered service in 1932. Later engines of this type comprised the experimental
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optimised for higher altitude. Two-stage turbocharger. Development stopped in 1942.
175:
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560 PS (552 hp; 412 kW) at 2,250 rpm (max. continuous) at sea level
1083:
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666:
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airliner. Its more fuel-efficient operation lent itself for use on
Germany's few
116:
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911:
Flugzeug-Typenbuch. Handbuch der deutschen
Luftfahrt- und Zubehör-Industrie 1944
443:
Flugzeug-Typenbuch. Handbuch der deutschen
Luftfahrt- und Zubehör-Industrie 1944
250:
High-altitude version with two inline centrifugal superchargers and a precooler.
1241:
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179:
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0.006–0.008 kg/PSh (0.013–0.018 lb/(hp⋅h); 0.008–0.011 kg/kWh)
609:
0.170 kg/PSh (0.380 lb/(hp⋅h); 0.231 kg/kWh) at max continuous
586:
572:
630 PS (621 hp; 463 kW) at 2,420 rpm (30 minutes) at sea level
459:
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418:
413:
366:
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700 PS (690 hp; 515 kW) at 2,500 rpm (5 minutes) at sea level
278:
similar to the 207 C but greater performance at high altitude. Project only.
520:
363:
155:
178:
with 12 pistons sharing six cylinders, piston crown to piston crown in an
1127:
1122:
652:
578:
500 PS (493 hp; 368 kW) at 2,000 rpm (cruise) at sea level
200:
together, adding weight and complexity, a problem the design shared with
959:
World
Encyclopedia of Aero Engines: From the Pioneers to the Present Day
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1107:
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An experimental version. Development halted in favour of the Jumo 208.
359:
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Der
Flugmotor. Bauteile und Baumuster. Luftfahrt Lehrbücherei Band 7
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A single 24-cylinder four-crankshaft Jumo 223 was built and tested.
216:
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28:
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321:
124:
54:
1035:
YouTube video of restored/operable Jumo 205 Diesel on test stand
697:
386:
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220:
670:
170:
A similarly sectioned
Junkers Jumo 207 aviation diesel engine
701:
690:
314:
Larger than the Jumo 223 by combining 4 Jumo 207 C engines.
254:
591:
42.1 PS/L (0.68 hp/cu in; 30.96 kW/L)
640:
253:
Jumo 207 B-3 had an improved turbocharger and featured
804:. Smithsonian Institution. 2016-03-20. Archived from
624:
1.228 PS/kg (0.549 hp/lb; 0.903 kW/kg)
381:
flying-boat designs during World War II, such as the
659:, was similar in layout to the Junkers Jumo 205 and
531:direct injection through four nozzles per cylinder
1079:
1020:Multi-crankshafts opposed piston engines (french)
884:"Characteristiques et Description du Moteur Type
369:. It was far more successful as a power unit for
341:A developed version of the 6As used to power the
1253:
844:Reinhard Mueller (2006) Junkers Flugtriebwerke.
847:
649:the "Commer Knocker" commercial vehicle engine
1065:
435:
726:: opposed piston diesel of similar operation
509:570 kg (1,257 lb) dry, unequipped
353:The Jumo 205 powered early versions of the
1072:
1058:
1008:. München, Germany: Curt Pechstein Verlag.
755:diesel aero engines produced in the 1940s.
455:six-cylinder liquid-cooled inverted inline
446:
940:Major Piston Aero Engines of World War II
908:
878:
876:
630:7.6 atm (7.7 bar; 112 psi)
161:
1045:OpposedPistonEngines.com's Jumo 207 Page
1040:OpposedPistonEngines.com's Jumo 205 Page
978:Junkers Aircraft & Engines 1913–1945
902:
732:: license built version of the Jumo 204
165:
956:
937:
765:diesel aero engine first flown in 1929.
482:16.62 L (1,014.21 cu in)
1254:
942:. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing.
909:Schneider, Helmut (Dipl.Ing.) (1944).
873:
724:Fairbanks Morse 38 8-1/8 diesel engine
1053:
1003:
980:. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books.
543:dry sump, pressure feed with scavenge
119:was the most numerous of a series of
994:
961:(5th ed.). Stroud, UK: Sutton.
641:Other notable opposed-piston engines
525:engine driven supercharger at 8.85:1
392:
975:
738:: developed from the Naper Culverin
13:
931:
331:engine maker, a sister company to
143:produced in some quantity for the
14:
1293:
1244:(Junkers design built by Heinkel)
1030:Royal Air Force Museum - Jumo 205
1013:
27:
1006:Deutsche Flugzeug Konstrukteure
861:. 26 November 1936. p. 577
689:Soviet engine 5TDF was used in
358:1940, the Luftwaffe tested the
348:
300:, was designed but never built.
838:
829:
820:
790:
781:
696:Soviet engine 6TD was used in
553:
1:
1282:1930s aircraft piston engines
774:
513:
473:160 mm (6.30 in) x2
16:Aircraft diesel engine family
1025:description and cutaway view
995:Katz, Hans (Dr.Ing) (1940).
500:1,325 mm (52.2 in)
488:2,051 mm (80.7 in)
7:
717:
669:K60 engine was used in the
296:A 12-cylinder version, the
230:
10:
1298:
675:armoured fighting vehicles
494:600 mm (23.6 in)
464:105 mm (4.13 in)
436:Specifications (Jumo 205E)
1262:Two-stroke diesel engines
1238:
1222:
1201:
1090:
655:tank engine, used in the
605:Specific fuel consumption
174:These engines all used a
35:
26:
21:
1277:Junkers aircraft engines
938:Bingham, Victor (1998).
769:List of aircraft engines
712:Fairbanks Morse 38 8 1/8
362:Ju 86P with Jumo 207A-1
1267:Aircraft diesel engines
447:General characteristics
409:Blohm & Voss BV 222
404:Blohm & Voss Ha 139
399:Blohm & Voss BV 138
375:Blohm & Voss Ha 139
149:Blohm & Voss BV 222
121:aircraft diesel engines
83:Blohm & Voss BV 222
79:Blohm & Voss BV 138
1272:Opposed piston engines
1004:Zuerl, Walter (1941).
957:Gunston, Bill (2006).
761:: American 9-cylinder
421:(V1 and V2 prototypes)
171:
162:Design and development
45:Aircraft diesel engine
999:. Berlin: de Gruyter.
620:Power-to-weight ratio
189:volumetric efficiency
169:
976:Kay, Antony (2004).
802:airandspace.si.edu
172:
70:Major applications
1249:
1248:
742:Charomskiy ACh-30
677:and Swedish tank
596:Compression ratio
393:Applications list
110:
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36:Jumo 205 cutaway
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892:. Retrieved
885:
863:. Retrieved
858:
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812:December 29,
810:. Retrieved
806:the original
801:
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364:turbocharged
352:
349:Applications
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156:World War II
151:
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123:produced by
113:
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90:Number built
890:(in French)
750:four stroke
667:Rolls-Royce
653:Leyland L60
554:Performance
541:Oil system:
537:Diesel fuel
325: [
139:, with the
1256:Categories
920:381120484X
894:6 November
886:Lille 6Brs
775:References
673:series of
647:Commer TS3
535:Fuel type:
514:Components
505:Dry weight
343:Bernard 86
281:Jumo 207 F
275:Jumo 207 E
269:Jumo 207 D
263:Jumo 207 C
260:injection.
210:scavenging
61:First run
1240:See also
1223:Turboprop
888:de 600CV"
748:: Soviet
706:Al-Khalid
628:B.M.E.P.:
441:Data from
360:prototype
247:Jumo 207A
217:airliners
204:engines.
22:Jumo 205
1202:Turbojet
865:14 March
718:See also
679:Strv 103
371:airships
311:Jumo 224
304:Jumo 223
298:Jumo 218
293:Jumo 218
287:Jumo 208
241:Jumo 206
236:Jumo 205
231:Variants
141:Jumo 207
137:Jumo 208
133:Jumo 206
129:Jumo 204
114:Jumo 205
94:ca. 900
636:0.633:1
498:Height:
486:Length:
333:Peugeot
322:Indenor
221:bombers
202:H-block
180:opposed
125:Junkers
55:Junkers
1242:HeS 30
984:
965:
946:
917:
859:Flight
763:radial
708:tanks.
704:, and
698:T-80UD
492:Width:
469:Stroke
387:BV 222
383:BV 138
152:Wiking
127:. The
64:1930s
693:tank.
671:FV430
453:Type:
329:]
41:Type
982:ISBN
963:ISBN
944:ISBN
915:ISBN
896:2017
867:2015
814:2017
744:and
702:T-84
691:T-64
600:17:1
460:Bore
385:and
255:GM-1
219:and
135:and
112:The
1230:022
1214:012
1209:004
1193:224
1188:223
1183:222
1178:218
1173:213
1168:211
1163:210
1158:208
1153:207
1148:206
1143:205
1138:204
1133:203
1128:L88
1123:L55
753:V12
1258::
1118:L8
1113:L7
1108:L5
1103:L2
1098:L1
875:^
857:.
800:.
700:,
389:.
327:fr
158:.
1073:e
1066:t
1059:v
990:.
971:.
952:.
923:.
898:.
869:.
816:.
681:.
663:.
622::
607::
598::
589::
523::
507::
480::
471::
462::
335:)
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