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Junkers Jumo 205

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high altitudes. The turbocharger was combined with a mechanically driven blower, so that the turbocharger creates the first stage of compression, and the mechanical blower the second stage. At low load and startup, the turbocharger does not contribute to supercharging the engine, but the mechanical blower provides enough air for the engine to operate. At high load, however, the turbocharger receives sufficient quantities of exhaust gas, which means that it alone can provide enough supercharging without the need of the inefficient mechanical blower. The addition of the turbocharger to the mechanical blower made the engine more powerful without significantly increasing its specific fuel consumption.
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bomber, but was found too unresponsive for combat and liable to failure at maximum power, common for combat aircraft. Later versions of the design also used the engine for extreme high-altitude use, as with the Ju 86P and -R versions for high-altitude reconnaissance over the British Isles. In January
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The Jumo largely addressed this problem through a clever arrangement of the ports. The intake port was positioned under the "lower" piston, while the exhaust port was under the "upper" piston. The lower crankshaft operated 11° behind the upper, causing the exhaust ports to open and close first, which
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Because the temperature of the exhaust gases of the Jumo diesel engines was substantially lower than that of comparable carburettor engines, it was easier to add a turbocharger for higher altitudes. This was explored in the Jumo 207 which used the energy of the exhaust gases to increase the power at
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configuration. This unusual configuration required two crankshafts, one at the bottom of the cylinder block and the other at the top, geared together. The pistons moved towards each other during the operating cycle. The intake ports were located at one end of the cylinder, whereas the exhaust ports
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Some downside exists to this system, as well. For one, since matching pistons were not closing at quite the same time, but one ran "ahead" of the other, the engine could not run as smoothly as a true opposed-style engine. In addition, the power from the two opposing crankshafts had to be geared
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As is typical of two-stroke designs, the Jumos used no valves, but rather fixed intake and exhaust port apertures cut into the cylinder liners during their manufacture, which were uncovered when the pistons reached a certain point in their strokes. Normally, such designs have poor
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because both ports open and close at the same time and are generally located across from each other in the cylinder. This leads to poor scavenging of the burnt charge, which is why valveless two-strokes generally produce smoke and are inefficient.
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were at the other end. This made one piston effectively control the intake, and the other control the exhaust. Two cam-operated injection pumps per cylinder were used, each feeding two nozzles, for four nozzles per cylinder in all.
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In the Jumo, these problems were avoided to some degree by taking power primarily from the "upper" shaft, somewhat offset upwards on the engine's front end. All of the accessories, such as fuel pumps, injectors and the
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allowed for proper scavenging. This design enabled the two-stroke Jumos to run nearly as cleanly and efficiently as four-stroke engines with valves, but with significantly less complexity.
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flying boat. All three of these variants differed in stroke and bore and supercharging arrangements. In all, more than 900 of these engines were produced, in the 1930s and through most of
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compressor, were run from the lower shaft, meaning over half of its power was already used up. What was left over was then geared to the upper shaft, which ran the engine's propeller.
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Konrad Reif: Dieselmotor Management – Systeme, Komponenten, Steuerung und Regelung, 5th edition, Springer, Wiesbaden 2012, ISBN 978-3-8348-1715-0, p. 102
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optimised for medium altitude. Cylinder diameter increased from 105 mm to 110 mm. Maximum power at ground level was 1,200 hp (880 kW). Prototypes only.
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In theory, the flat layout of the engine could have allowed it to be installed inside the thick wings of larger aircraft, such as
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with greater displacement, resulting in a maximum power of 1,500 hp (1,100 kW) at medium altitude. Bench tested but not produced.
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A license-built version from CLM Lille, delivering 650 hp (480 kW)(CLM was the predecessor to the
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Paul Henry Schweitzer: Scavenging of two-stroke cycle Diesel engines, Macmillan, New York 1949, p. 19
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Paul Henry Schweitzer: Scavenging of two-stroke cycle Diesel engines, Macmillan, New York 1949, p. 8
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optimised for medium altitude. Produced in small series for the Blohm & Voss BV 222.
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P and -R high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft, and the 46-meter wingspan, six-engined
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first entered service in 1932. Later engines of this type comprised the experimental
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optimised for higher altitude. Two-stage turbocharger. Development stopped in 1942.
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560 PS (552 hp; 412 kW) at 2,250 rpm (max. continuous) at sea level
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airliner. Its more fuel-efficient operation lent itself for use on Germany's few
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Flugzeug-Typenbuch. Handbuch der deutschen Luftfahrt- und Zubehör-Industrie 1944
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Flugzeug-Typenbuch. Handbuch der deutschen Luftfahrt- und Zubehör-Industrie 1944
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High-altitude version with two inline centrifugal superchargers and a precooler.
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0.006–0.008 kg/PSh (0.013–0.018 lb/(hp⋅h); 0.008–0.011 kg/kWh)
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0.170 kg/PSh (0.380 lb/(hp⋅h); 0.231 kg/kWh) at max continuous
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630 PS (621 hp; 463 kW) at 2,420 rpm (30 minutes) at sea level
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700 PS (690 hp; 515 kW) at 2,500 rpm (5 minutes) at sea level
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similar to the 207 C but greater performance at high altitude. Project only.
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with 12 pistons sharing six cylinders, piston crown to piston crown in an
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500 PS (493 hp; 368 kW) at 2,000 rpm (cruise) at sea level
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together, adding weight and complexity, a problem the design shared with
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World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines: From the Pioneers to the Present Day
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An experimental version. Development halted in favour of the Jumo 208.
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Der Flugmotor. Bauteile und Baumuster. Luftfahrt Lehrbücherei Band 7
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A single 24-cylinder four-crankshaft Jumo 223 was built and tested.
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YouTube video of restored/operable Jumo 205 Diesel on test stand
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A similarly sectioned Junkers Jumo 207 aviation diesel engine
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Larger than the Jumo 223 by combining 4 Jumo 207 C engines.
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42.1 PS/L (0.68 hp/cu in; 30.96 kW/L)
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Jumo 207 B-3 had an improved turbocharger and featured
804:. Smithsonian Institution. 2016-03-20. Archived from 624:
1.228 PS/kg (0.549 hp/lb; 0.903 kW/kg)
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flying-boat designs during World War II, such as the
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München, Germany: Curt Pechstein Verlag. 755:diesel aero engines produced in the 1940s. 455:six-cylinder liquid-cooled inverted inline 446: 940:Major Piston Aero Engines of World War II 908: 878: 876: 630:7.6 atm (7.7 bar; 112 psi) 161: 1045:OpposedPistonEngines.com's Jumo 207 Page 1040:OpposedPistonEngines.com's Jumo 205 Page 978:Junkers Aircraft & Engines 1913–1945 902: 732:: license built version of the Jumo 204 165: 956: 937: 765:diesel aero engine first flown in 1929. 482:16.62 L (1,014.21 cu in) 1254: 942:. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing. 909:Schneider, Helmut (Dipl.Ing.) (1944). 873: 724:Fairbanks Morse 38 8-1/8 diesel engine 1053: 1003: 980:. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books. 543:dry sump, pressure feed with scavenge 119:was the most numerous of a series of 994: 961:(5th ed.). Stroud, UK: Sutton. 641:Other notable opposed-piston engines 525:engine driven supercharger at 8.85:1 392: 975: 738:: developed from the Naper Culverin 13: 931: 331:engine maker, a sister company to 143:produced in some quantity for the 14: 1293: 1244:(Junkers design built by Heinkel) 1030:Royal Air Force Museum - Jumo 205 1013: 27: 1006:Deutsche Flugzeug Konstrukteure 861:. 26 November 1936. p. 577 689:Soviet engine 5TDF was used in 358:1940, the Luftwaffe tested the 348: 300:, was designed but never built. 838: 829: 820: 790: 781: 696:Soviet engine 6TD was used in 553: 1: 1282:1930s aircraft piston engines 774: 513: 473:160 mm (6.30 in) x2 16:Aircraft diesel engine family 1025:description and cutaway view 995:Katz, Hans (Dr.Ing) (1940). 500:1,325 mm (52.2 in) 488:2,051 mm (80.7 in) 7: 717: 669:K60 engine was used in the 296:A 12-cylinder version, the 230: 10: 1298: 675:armoured fighting vehicles 494:600 mm (23.6 in) 464:105 mm (4.13 in) 436:Specifications (Jumo 205E) 1262:Two-stroke diesel engines 1238: 1222: 1201: 1090: 655:tank engine, used in the 605:Specific fuel consumption 174:These engines all used a 35: 26: 21: 1277:Junkers aircraft engines 938:Bingham, Victor (1998). 769:List of aircraft engines 712:Fairbanks Morse 38 8 1/8 362:Ju 86P with Jumo 207A-1 1267:Aircraft diesel engines 447:General characteristics 409:Blohm & Voss BV 222 404:Blohm & Voss Ha 139 399:Blohm & Voss BV 138 375:Blohm & Voss Ha 139 149:Blohm & Voss BV 222 121:aircraft diesel engines 83:Blohm & Voss BV 222 79:Blohm & Voss BV 138 1272:Opposed piston engines 1004:Zuerl, Walter (1941). 957:Gunston, Bill (2006). 761:: American 9-cylinder 421:(V1 and V2 prototypes) 171: 162:Design and development 45:Aircraft diesel engine 999:. Berlin: de Gruyter. 620:Power-to-weight ratio 189:volumetric efficiency 169: 976:Kay, Antony (2004). 802:airandspace.si.edu 172: 70:Major applications 1249: 1248: 742:Charomskiy ACh-30 677:and Swedish tank 596:Compression ratio 393:Applications list 110: 109: 36:Jumo 205 cutaway 1289: 1084:aircraft engines 1074: 1067: 1060: 1051: 1050: 1009: 1000: 991: 972: 953: 925: 924: 906: 900: 899: 897: 895: 880: 871: 870: 868: 866: 851: 845: 842: 836: 833: 827: 824: 818: 817: 815: 813: 794: 788: 785: 613:Oil consumption: 330: 176:two-stroke cycle 105:Junkers Jumo 204 101: 91: 71: 31: 19: 18: 1297: 1296: 1292: 1291: 1290: 1288: 1287: 1286: 1252: 1251: 1250: 1245: 1234: 1218: 1197: 1086: 1078: 1016: 988: 969: 950: 934: 932:Further reading 929: 928: 921: 907: 903: 893: 891: 882: 881: 874: 864: 862: 853: 852: 848: 843: 839: 834: 830: 825: 821: 811: 809: 796: 795: 791: 786: 782: 777: 746:Charomskiy M-40 730:Napier Culverin 720: 661:Napier Culverin 643: 634:Reduction gear: 562: 556: 547:Cooling system: 516: 449: 438: 395: 379:maritime patrol 351: 324: 233: 164: 117:aircraft engine 99: 89: 81: 77: 69: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1295: 1285: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1247: 1246: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1233: 1232: 1226: 1224: 1220: 1219: 1217: 1216: 1211: 1205: 1203: 1199: 1198: 1196: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1094: 1092: 1091:Piston engines 1088: 1087: 1077: 1076: 1069: 1062: 1054: 1048: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1015: 1014:External links 1012: 1011: 1010: 1001: 992: 986: 973: 967: 954: 948: 933: 930: 927: 926: 919: 901: 872: 846: 837: 828: 819: 789: 779: 778: 776: 773: 772: 771: 766: 759:Packard DR-980 756: 739: 733: 727: 719: 716: 715: 714: 709: 694: 687: 682: 664: 657:Chieftain tank 650: 642: 639: 638: 637: 631: 625: 616: 610: 601: 592: 587:Specific power 582: 581: 580: 579: 576: 573: 570: 564: 563: 555: 552: 551: 550: 544: 538: 532: 526: 515: 512: 511: 510: 501: 495: 489: 483: 474: 465: 456: 448: 445: 437: 434: 433: 432: 427: 422: 416: 411: 406: 401: 394: 391: 367:diesel engines 350: 347: 346: 345: 339: 338:CLM Lille 6BrS 336: 318: 315: 312: 309: 306: 301: 294: 291: 288: 285: 282: 279: 276: 273: 270: 267: 264: 261: 251: 248: 245: 242: 239: 237: 232: 229: 163: 160: 108: 107: 102: 100:Developed from 96: 95: 92: 86: 85: 72: 66: 65: 62: 58: 57: 52: 48: 47: 42: 38: 37: 33: 32: 24: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1294: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1259: 1257: 1243: 1237: 1231: 1228: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1204: 1200: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1082: 1075: 1070: 1068: 1063: 1061: 1056: 1055: 1052: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1017: 1007: 1002: 998: 993: 989: 987:0-85177-985-9 983: 979: 974: 970: 968:0-7509-4479-X 964: 960: 955: 951: 949:1-84037-012-2 945: 941: 936: 935: 922: 916: 912: 905: 889: 887: 879: 877: 860: 856: 850: 841: 832: 823: 808:on 2017-12-29 807: 803: 799: 793: 784: 780: 770: 767: 764: 760: 757: 754: 751: 747: 743: 740: 737: 736:Napier Deltic 734: 731: 728: 725: 722: 721: 713: 710: 707: 703: 699: 695: 692: 688: 686: 685:Napier Deltic 683: 680: 676: 672: 668: 665: 662: 658: 654: 651: 648: 645: 644: 635: 632: 629: 626: 623: 621: 617: 614: 611: 608: 606: 602: 599: 597: 593: 590: 588: 584: 583: 577: 574: 571: 568: 567: 566: 565: 561: 560:Power output: 558: 557: 549:liquid-cooled 548: 545: 542: 539: 536: 533: 530: 527: 524: 522: 518: 517: 508: 506: 502: 499: 496: 493: 490: 487: 484: 481: 479: 475: 472: 470: 466: 463: 461: 457: 454: 451: 450: 444: 442: 431: 430:Junkers Ju 86 428: 426: 425:Dornier Do 26 423: 420: 419:Dornier Do 24 417: 415: 414:Dornier Do 18 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 396: 390: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 365: 361: 356: 355:Junkers Ju 86 344: 340: 337: 334: 328: 323: 319: 317:CLM Lille 6As 316: 313: 310: 307: 305: 302: 299: 295: 292: 289: 286: 283: 280: 277: 274: 271: 268: 265: 262: 259: 258:nitrous oxide 256: 252: 249: 246: 243: 240: 238: 235: 234: 228: 224: 222: 218: 213: 211: 205: 203: 197: 193: 190: 184: 181: 177: 168: 159: 157: 153: 150: 146: 145:Junkers Ju 86 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 115: 106: 103: 98: 97: 93: 88: 87: 84: 80: 76: 75:Junkers Ju 86 73: 68: 67: 63: 60: 59: 56: 53: 51:Manufacturer 50: 49: 46: 43: 40: 39: 34: 30: 25: 20: 1177: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1081:Junkers Jumo 1005: 996: 977: 958: 939: 910: 904: 892:. Retrieved 885: 863:. Retrieved 858: 849: 840: 831: 822: 812:December 29, 810:. Retrieved 806:the original 801: 792: 783: 633: 627: 618: 612: 603: 594: 585: 559: 546: 540: 534: 529:Fuel system: 528: 521:Supercharger 519: 503: 497: 491: 485: 478:Displacement 476: 467: 458: 452: 440: 439: 364:turbocharged 352: 349:Applications 297: 225: 214: 206: 198: 194: 185: 173: 156:World War II 151: 140: 136: 132: 123:produced by 113: 111: 90:Number built 890:(in French) 750:four stroke 667:Rolls-Royce 653:Leyland L60 554:Performance 541:Oil system: 537:Diesel fuel 325: [ 139:, with the 1256:Categories 920:381120484X 894:6 November 886:Lille 6Brs 775:References 673:series of 647:Commer TS3 535:Fuel type: 514:Components 505:Dry weight 343:Bernard 86 281:Jumo 207 F 275:Jumo 207 E 269:Jumo 207 D 263:Jumo 207 C 260:injection. 210:scavenging 61:First run 1240:See also 1223:Turboprop 888:de 600CV" 748:: Soviet 706:Al-Khalid 628:B.M.E.P.: 441:Data from 360:prototype 247:Jumo 207A 217:airliners 204:engines. 22:Jumo 205 1202:Turbojet 865:14 March 718:See also 679:Strv 103 371:airships 311:Jumo 224 304:Jumo 223 298:Jumo 218 293:Jumo 218 287:Jumo 208 241:Jumo 206 236:Jumo 205 231:Variants 141:Jumo 207 137:Jumo 208 133:Jumo 206 129:Jumo 204 114:Jumo 205 94:ca. 900 636:0.633:1 498:Height: 486:Length: 333:Peugeot 322:Indenor 221:bombers 202:H-block 180:opposed 125:Junkers 55:Junkers 1242:HeS 30 984:  965:  946:  917:  859:Flight 763:radial 708:tanks. 704:, and 698:T-80UD 492:Width: 469:Stroke 387:BV 222 383:BV 138 152:Wiking 127:. The 64:1930s 693:tank. 671:FV430 453:Type: 329:] 41:Type 982:ISBN 963:ISBN 944:ISBN 915:ISBN 896:2017 867:2015 814:2017 744:and 702:T-84 691:T-64 600:17:1 460:Bore 385:and 255:GM-1 219:and 135:and 112:The 1230:022 1214:012 1209:004 1193:224 1188:223 1183:222 1178:218 1173:213 1168:211 1163:210 1158:208 1153:207 1148:206 1143:205 1138:204 1133:203 1128:L88 1123:L55 753:V12 1258:: 1118:L8 1113:L7 1108:L5 1103:L2 1098:L1 875:^ 857:. 800:. 700:, 389:. 327:fr 158:. 1073:e 1066:t 1059:v 990:. 971:. 952:. 923:. 898:. 869:. 816:. 681:. 663:. 622:: 607:: 598:: 589:: 523:: 507:: 480:: 471:: 462:: 335:)

Index


Aircraft diesel engine
Junkers
Junkers Ju 86
Blohm & Voss BV 138
Blohm & Voss BV 222
Junkers Jumo 204
aircraft engine
aircraft diesel engines
Junkers
Jumo 204
Junkers Ju 86
Blohm & Voss BV 222
World War II

two-stroke cycle
opposed
volumetric efficiency
H-block
scavenging
airliners
bombers
GM-1
nitrous oxide
Jumo 223
Indenor
fr
Peugeot
Bernard 86
Junkers Ju 86

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