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182:, backed up by the Turks, was forced to resign. In April 1661, the Transylvanian Diet, led by Kemény, proclaimed the secession of Transylvania from the Ottoman Empire and called on for help from Vienna. In turn, an overwhelming Turkish and Tatar army attacked Transylvania in June, defeating Kemény's army and driving him to Royal Hungary. The Turks installed
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in 1657, the latter being aimed at obtaining the Polish crown for Rákóczi. The Turks strongly opposed to Rákóczi's Polish ambitions and prohibited any military action. In the face of
Turkish prohibition, Kemény also objected to the prince's ill-conceived Polish undertaking, and unwillingly took the
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now openly disregarded the
Transylvanian Estates' right to elect the prince; Kemény saw this, and the successional invasions of Transylvania by the Turks and their Crimean Tatar allies, as an end of Transylvania's autonomy, which he thought could be prevented only with reliance on Habsburg help.
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When he returned to
Transylvania, he found a country torn by the ambitions of George II Rákóczi, unwilling to resign, a number of would-be princes, and a Turkish Porte vengeful for the unauthorized military campaign. The Sublime
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returned to
Transylvania in early September. However, the Austrian army soon deserted him, and Kemény was killed by the Turks in the battle of Nagyszőllős.
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leadership of the campaign that ended in disaster; Kemény's army, deserted by the
Swedish allies, was captured by the Crimean Tatar allies of the Turks.
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he wrote his
Autobiography (in Hungarian), one of the most excellent masterpieces of the Transylvanian memoirist literature of the 17th century.
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János Kemény, offspring of a
Transylvanian family of Hungarian aristocrats, held various political and military positions in the
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Kemény János önéletírása 1657-1658, Szépirodalmi könyvkiadó, 1986, A szöveggondozás és a jegyzetek V. Windisch Éva munkája
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The Life of Janos Kemeny (Autobiography, original language
Hungarian): Prince of Transylvania Kegan Paul (August 30, 2008)
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Kemény was held captive by the Tatars until August 1659, when he was released for a huge ransom. During his captivity in
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Kemény János Erdélyi
Fejcdelem Önèletírása. Kiadta Szalay László, Pest, 1856. Heckenast Gusztáv.
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Ioan Kemény MEMORII — Scrierea vieții sale — Casa Cărții de Știință Cluj-Napoca, 2002
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Kemény was elected prince by the
Transylvanian Diet on 1 January 1661, after
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Kemény János és Bethlen Miklós művei, Budapest 1980 Szépirodalmi Kiadó,
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family castle is now in half-ruin, due to neglect of the government, in
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as prince; Kemény, initially supported by Austrian general
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135:instead of his master. The story is recorded by
46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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77:Learn how and when to remove this message
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253:. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. 1967.
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308:17th-century Hungarian historians
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119:, during the reign of princes
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201:- visible from the main road
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104:– 23 January 1662 in
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268:Historiography and memory
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323:People from Mureș County
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225:Prince of Transylvania
131:and was killed by the
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303:Hungarian chroniclers
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318:1662 deaths
313:1607 births
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195:renaissance
59:introducing
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