Jack Layton - Knowledge

1171:, where Layton wanted strict provisions for controlling public spending on private health care delivery, saying that without "significant action" on the issue, "Mr. Martin can't count on our support." Martin for his part offered no comment on a meeting held to discuss the issue, only saying that it was a "good meeting", while Layton publicly expressed his disappointment at the outcome. Layton announced he would introduce a motion requesting a February election. However, the Martin government refused to allow the election date to be decided by the opposition. A motion of non-confidence followed, moved by Stephen Harper and seconded by Layton, triggering the 2006 federal election. Layton was working with the Liberal government, but determined he would have a better chance of electoral success by voting against the government and having an election. 1120:

most opposed by the Bloc Québécois, who usually had the lowest popular vote but nonetheless won many seats because their support was concentrated in Quebec. Despite these problems, Layton led the NDP to a 15% popular vote, its highest in 16 years. However, it only won 19 seats in the House of Commons, two less than the 21 won under Alexa McDonough in 1997, and far short of the 40 that Layton predicted on the eve of the election. However, some potential NDP voters may have voted Liberal to prevent a possible Conservative win. Olivia Chow and several other prominent Toronto NDP candidates lost tight races and Layton won his own seat against incumbent Liberal Dennis Mills by a much narrower margin than early polls indicated.

1566: 1295:. Hargrove preferred a Liberal minority government supported by the NDP and he had earlier criticized Layton for participating in the motion of non-confidence that brought down the Liberal government. Hargrove allied with the Liberals and publicly stated that he "did not like the campaign that Jack Layton was running", criticizing Layton for "spending too much time attacking the Liberals". During the final week of the campaign, knowing that last-minute strategic voting had cost the NDP seats in several close ridings during the 2004 election, Hargrove and Martin urged all progressive voters to unite behind the Liberal banner to stop a Conservative government. 2157: 2942:(now Toronto Metropolitan University), where Layton was a professor for many years, honoured him by creating the Jack Layton Chair in the Department of Politics and Public Administration. The endowment sponsors several events including the annual Jack Layton Lecture series, the Jack Layton Book Club held in conjunction with Ryerson Archives and which holds discussions about various books that are part of the archive's Jack Layton Collection. As well, the chair sponsors the annual Jack Layton School for Leadership, an annual program aimed at building the leadership capacity of leaders and activists working towards social change. 1404: 1415: 1601: 1896: 11472: 10282: 49: 2897: 2210: 2001: 444: 1691: 1768: 11484: 835:. In 1985, he moved to the Metropolitan Toronto Council, in the first direct elections for members of that body. In the 1988 municipal elections, Layton traded places with city council ally Dale Martin, with Martin going to Metro and Layton returning to Toronto City Council. Layton was easily elected in a contest with former high school teacher Lois MacMillan-Walker. The election was a major victory for Layton as the reformist coalition of which he was the 1069:, controversy erupted over Layton's accusation that Liberal Prime Minister Paul Martin was responsible for the deaths of homeless people because he failed to provide funding for affordable housing. While rates of homelessness and homeless deaths increased during the eleven years of Liberal government, the link to Martin's decisions was indirect as affordable housing is a mainly provincial jurisdiction. Layton's charge was defended by some, including the 1152:. On May 19, two such votes were defeated and Layton's amendments went on to be passed on its final reading vote on June 23. As a result of this political coup and his apparent civil behaviour in a spitefully raucous parliament, many political analysts noted that Layton gained increased credibility as an effective leader of an important party, becoming the major second choice leader in many political polls – for example, polling second in Quebec after 9054: 730:, he explains, "The idealist current holds that human society has the potential to achieve liberty when people work together to form a society in which equality means more than negative liberty, the absolute and protected right to run races against each other to determine winners. Idealists imagine a positive liberty that enables us to build together toward common objectives that fulfil and even surpass our individual goals." Upon reading 1233: 11546: 11529: 6007:. 40th Parliament, 3rd Session – Edited Hansard, No. 149, March 25, 2011. Retrieved March 25, 2011. The motion presented by the Leader of the Opposition was "That the House agree with the finding of the Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs that the government is in contempt of Parliament, which is unprecedented in Canadian parliamentary history, and consequently, the House has lost confidence in the government", 1527: 11512: 5191: 10270: 1248:, many New Democrats expected Layton to deliver substantially more seats than he did in 2004. They hoped the NDP would hold the balance of power in a new minority Parliament, so that they could carry additional leverage in negotiating with the governing party. Mike Klander, the executive vice-president of the federal Liberals' Ontario wing, resigned after making posts on his blog comparing Chow to a 5224: 2257:, had been a former prime minister, and had been given a state funeral under the protocol for prime ministers. Layton was the first Official Opposition leader to die for whom a state funeral would not otherwise have been afforded, but Prime Minister Harper made the offer to Layton's widow who accepted. Layton's body was cremated following the funeral. A portion of his ashes was scattered under a 1539:

stated that they could not support this position. Layton along with Liberal leader Stéphane Dion and Bloc Québécois leader Gilles Duceppe began negotiations to form a coalition that would replace the Conservatives as the government. The three opposition parties planned to table a motion of non-confidence in the House of Commons, and counted on the likelihood that the Governor General

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other parties during an election campaign, though Layton disagreed with this. Hargrove retaliated by severing ties with the NDP at the annual CAW convention. The election increased the NDP's total seats to 29 seats, up from 18 before dissolution. Among the new NDP candidates elected was Olivia Chow, making the two only the second husband-and-wife team in Canadian Parliament history (

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Harper said "It is the Parliament that's supposed to run the country, not just the largest party and the single leader of that party. That's a criticism I've had and that we've had and that most Canadians have had for a long, long time now so this is an opportunity to start to change that." However, at the time, Harper and the two other opposition leaders denied trying to form a

1317: 1129: 11460: 883:, despite their high income. Layton and Chow had both lived in the Hazelburn co-op since 1985, and lived together in an $ 800 per month three-bedroom apartment after their marriage in 1988. By 1990, their combined annual income was $ 120,000, and in March of that year they began voluntarily paying an additional $ 325 per month to offset their share of the co-op's 5198: 5232: 854:. Their whitewater rafting honeymoon plans had to be abandoned, however, when days before the wedding Layton collided with a newspaper box while bicycling. Chow later joined Layton on the Toronto City Council. She has been a candidate for the federal New Democrats five times, first winning her seat the third time in a close race against 2191:. After Parliament rose for the summer, Layton announced on July 25, 2011, that he would be taking a temporary leave from his post to fight an unspecified, newly diagnosed cancer. He was hoping to return as leader of the NDP upon the resumption of the House of Commons on September 19, 2011. Layton recommended that NDP caucus chair 1263:. Some opinion polls showed that Canadians found Layton the most appealing and charismatic of the leaders. Layton repeatedly insisted that "Canadians have a third choice", and urged Liberals to "lend us your vote". Some commentators and pundits mocked Layton for over-using these catchphrases instead of explaining the NDP platform. 5160: 1484:, and members of his own party. Layton dropped his opposition to May's inclusion on September 10, 2008. "This whole issue of debating about the debate has become a distraction to the real debate that needs to happen", Layton said. "I have only one condition for this debate and that is that the prime minister is there." 1373:" unless action was taken to improve the bill and its approach to environmental policy. Prime Minister Harper agreed to put an end to the Parliamentary logjam by sending the bill to a special legislative committee before second reading. He released his proposed changes to the "Clean Air Act" on November 19, 2006. 1687:. Questions about Layton's health due to a recent hip surgery were often directed to him during the campaign, with Layton insisting that he was healthy enough to lead. On March 29, 2011, the New Democrats presented their first real campaign promise, a proposal to cap credit card rates to reduce credit card debt. 1831:

Leadership Index, which assesses public opinion on the Canadian federal leaders' trustworthiness, competence and vision for Canada, saw Layton rise from a score of 80 to a score of 97, surpassing Harper's 88 and Ignatieff's 39. The polling company speculated this improvement is due to strong sympathy

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leaders, as they tend to be favoured by the first-past-the-post system, normally being allocated a greater proportion of seats than the proportion of votes cast for them. Historically, the NDP's popular vote does not translate into a proportional number of seats because of scattered support. This was

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On January 28, 2009, the Liberals agreed to support the Conservative budget with an amendment, ending the possibility of the coalition, so Layton said "Today we have learned that you can't trust Mr. Ignatieff to oppose Mr. Harper. If you oppose Mr. Harper and you want a new government, I urge you to

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Layton remained committed to ousting the Harper government, pledging that the NDP would vote against the Conservative budget regardless of what it contained. Layton urged Ignatieff's Liberal Party to topple the Conservatives before the shelf life of the coalition expired; constitutional experts said

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began on November 27, 2008, with a fiscal update by the Conservatives that outlined their agenda for the upcoming term. This included a temporary suspension of federal employees' right to strike and a removal of monetary subsidies for political parties. All three opposition parties including the NDP

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late 1980s and early 1990s they maintained approximately 30% of their units as low income units and provided the rest at what they considered market rent. In June 1990, the city solicitor cleared the couple of any wrongdoing, and later that month, Layton and Chow left the co-op and bought a house in

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On December 1, 2008, the three opposition leaders signed an accord that laid down the basis for an agreement on a coalition government. The proposed structure would be a coalition between the Liberals and the NDP, with the New Democrats getting six Cabinet positions. Both parties agreed to continue

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Layton intensified his attacks on the Liberal scandals, pledging to use his minority clout to keep the Conservatives in check. Shortly after the election, the Ontario provincial branch of the NDP revoked Hargrove's party membership because he had violated the party's constitution by campaigning for

1220:, now a Conservative senator (appointed by Harper), said "It is possible that you could change prime minister without having an election", and that some Conservatives wanted Harper as prime minister. The next day Layton walked out on talks with Harper and Duceppe, accusing them of trying to replace 940:

accused Layton and his allies of costing Toronto the event. Despite this, October polls showed Layton only four points behind Rowlands, with 36% support. However, on October 17, Fish, a former provincial Progressive Conservative cabinet minister who had only 19% support, pulled out of the race, and

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subsidy, the only members of the co-op to do so. In response to the article, the co-op's board argued that having mixed-income tenants was crucial to the success of co-ops, and that the laws deliberately set aside apartments for those willing to pay market rates, such as Layton and Chow. During the

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on April 3, an appearance that was credited for improving his party's standing among Francophone voters due to his informal Québécois French. The show is the most popular program in Quebec. He was also perceived to have performed well in the televised French-language party leaders' debate on April

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sites. In a separate interview he said that increasing corporate control "is very, very dangerous and we have put the whole issue of net neutrality right into the heart of our campaign platform", and that the Internet is "a public tool for exchanging ideas and I particularly want to say that if we

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We respectfully point out that the opposition parties, who together constitute a majority in the House, have been in close consultation. We believe that, should a request for dissolution arise, this should give you cause, as constitutional practice has determined, to consult the opposition leaders

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for the NDP, but finished fourth in the generally Liberal riding. In 1994, he returned to Metropolitan Toronto Council, succeeding Roger Hollander in the Don River ward, and he resumed his high-profile role in local politics; following the "megacity" merger of Metropolitan Toronto into the current

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On the same day the letter was written, the three party leaders held a joint press conference at which they expressed their intent to co-operate on changing parliamentary rules, and to request that the governor general consult with them before deciding to call an election. At the news conference,

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suggested that the NDP not only wanted to disassociate themselves from the scandal-ridden Liberals, but also because the Liberals were likely to receive credit for legislation achieved under the Liberal-NDP partnership. The NDP had also lost close races in the 2004 election due to the Liberals'

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speaking at the leaders debates, despite the fact that she was once again being discouraged by the Canadian media networks. The NDP also embarked upon the largest advertising campaign in its history, focusing on the Harper government's health care record. He also dedicated the federal election

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The NDP surge began in Quebec, with the NDP surprising many observers by surpassing the previously front-running Bloc in Quebec. In Canada overall, the NDP surged past the Liberals to take the second place behind the Conservatives; in Quebec, the NDP took first place. The NDP surge became the

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Layton did not seek election to the House of Commons by running in a by-election, as is the tradition among new party leaders without a seat. Instead, he waited until the 2004 federal election to contest the riding of Toronto—Danforth against Liberal Dennis Mills. With no seat in the House of

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Commons, he appointed the runner-up, longtime Winnipeg-area MP Bill Blaikie, as parliamentary leader. Although he had no parliamentary seat, Layton was noted for drawing considerable attention from the Canadian mass media. Much of his rhetoric involved attacking the policies of then Canadian

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Paul Martin as conservative, and arguing the ideology of the Liberal Party of Canada had shifted in a more right wing direction. Another focus of Layton's leadership was to focus the party's efforts on Quebec, one of the party's weaker provinces. One of his opponents in the leadership race,

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issued statements praising Layton and mourning his loss. Layton's family released an open letter, written by Layton two days before his death. In it, he expressed his wishes regarding the NDP's leadership in the event of his death, and addressed various segments of the Canadian population.

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were the first husband-and-wife team in Canadian Parliament after the 2004 federal election). In the end, the NDP succeeded in increasing their parliamentary representation to 29 MPs, though they had significantly fewer seats than the Bloc Québécois (51) or the Opposition Liberals (103).

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The educational organization Learning for a Sustainable Future has established the LSF Jack Layton Award for Youth Action in Sustainability to honour schools that have "responded to community challenges with creativity, responsible citizenship and innovative

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criticized Layton. Layton has said there was no wrongdoing in the matter, saying that he simply "went for a massage at a community clinic" and did not return after the police advised him not to. He also referred to the release of the police report as a

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don't fight to preserve it, we could lose it." In the end, the NDP gained 8 new seats, taking its tally to 37. This result still left the NDP as Canada's fourth party, behind the Bloc Québécois with 50. The NDP managed to retain

909:. He also started wearing contact lenses, abandoning his glasses, and traded in his blue jeans for suits. In February 1991, Layton became the first official NDP candidate for the mayoralty, pitting him against centrist incumbent 1931:. Philip was the senior partner in the family business, Layton Bros. Pianos. Layton Pianos had been made in London, England, since 1837, and Philip had emigrated to Montreal at the age of 19. His business, which was opened on 1266:

The NDP strategy had changed in that they were focusing their attacks on the Liberals rather than in 2004, where they criticized both the Liberals and Conservatives in equal measure, prompting some criticism from Paul Martin.

928:. Right-wing support soon coalesced around former city councillor Rowlands, preventing the internal divisions Layton needed to win office. Layton was also hurt by the growing unpopularity of the provincial NDP government of 1656:

on the grounds of contempt of Parliament. The no-confidence motion was carried with a vote of 156 in favour of the motion, and 145 against, thus resulting in the prime minister advising a dissolution of Parliament and a

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in exchange for major amendments, in what was promoted as Canada's "first NDP budget". In November of that year, Layton voted with other opposition parties to defeat the Liberal government over the findings of the

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and Layton in a Montreal hotel. The meeting that took place between the three party leaders happened two months before the federal election. On September 9, 2004, the three signed a letter addressed to

11395: 11105: 1729:'s poor attendance record in the House of Commons, saying "You know, most Canadians, if they don't show up for work, they don't get a promotion!", to which Ignatieff was unable to respond effectively. 11288: 10988: 10702: 10411: 9363: 6837: 5840: 5435: 5406: 5380: 6243: 11340: 11040: 10754: 10463: 5146: 1840:. Police notebooks are closely guarded and may contain unfounded and unproven allegations. On May 5, 2011, it was announced that no charges would be laid with regards to the leaked information. 10574: 1562:

that four months after the last election, if the government fell, the governor general would likely grant the prime minister's request to dissolve Parliament instead of inviting the coalition.

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October 31, 2006. The short-term result of the tax policy announcement was a loss to Canadian investors of $ 20 billion, the largest ever loss attributed to a change in government policy.

1336:'s record for this kind of voting. This record was later broken in 2016 by Elizabeth May of the Green Party of Canada. At the same convention, the NDP passed a motion calling for the return of 11318: 11264: 11018: 10964: 10732: 10442: 11380: 11094: 10800: 10555: 10499: 9378: 9239: 9234: 9229: 9224: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9199: 6559: 3244: 1741:

stated it was the "pivot in the debate was a turning point in the federal campaign". Layton's New Democrats successfully capitalized on Ignatieff's attendance record in the Toronto area.

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On March 26, 2011, in response to Harper's allegations that a coalition is not a legitimate or principled way to form government, Duceppe stated that Harper had once tried to form a

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many of her supporters moved to Rowlands. Layton lost the November 12 election by a considerable margin. However, in the same election Olivia Chow easily won a seat on city council.

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column stated that most contributors to online discussions agreed there was a smear campaign against Layton. As for political damage from this story, that same day's update of the

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awards an annual Jack Layton Progress Prize to "recognize the person or organization that has created and fielded an exceptional and successful campaign for progressive change."

2932:; the community is in Layton's former electoral district of Toronto—Danforth. South side of the roadway is Toronto Public Library Riverdale Branch and Hubbard Park (named after 1148:

cuts and called for an increase in social spending. The ensuing compromise in the NDP's favour was protested by the other opposition parties who used it as a pretext to force a

6928: 4396:"Councillor Jack Layton's campaign to become mayor of Toronto is going to be such a high powered affair I suspect Layton could well defeat Arthur Eggleton this coming November" 9348: 6431: 5729: 3129:

Sources state that he received his MA in either 1971 or 1972, and his PhD in either 1983 or 1984. According to York University, he received his MA in 1972 and his PhD in 1983.

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Parliament until January 26, 2009, at which time Harper had planned to introduce the budget. Dion had since been ousted from the leadership of the Liberals and his successor,

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in a two-member ward. He remained on Toronto City Council until pursuing the leadership of the federal New Democrats. He also came to national attention as the leader of the

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My friends, love is better than anger. Hope is better than fear. Optimism is better than despair. So let us be loving, hopeful and optimistic. And we'll change the world.

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of the U.S. and their concerns about their families' futures, are awfully similar to the issues that I hear in Canada." Layton said that he has also written to Obama and

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together to talk about the campaign. Three weeks after the auction, they went on their first date. Olivia's mother did not approve of Layton at first, because of his

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Jack Layton Way in Toronto was named in 2013 (formerly Don Jail Roadway and parking area in front of the old jail). The street was once part of the driveway to the

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Following the 2011 federal election, Layton led the party into the first month of the new session of Parliament, as well as attending the NDP Federal Convention in

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Opposition to the proposed coalition developed in all provinces except Quebec. On December 4, 2008, the governor general granted Prime Minister Harper's request to

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by a wide margin. In June 1999, as chair of Toronto's environmental task force, the Toronto Atmospheric Fund, he was instrumental in the preliminary phases of the

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in 2023. Details of the type and spread of the cancer, and the exact cause of death, were not released to the public. Shortly before he died, Layton had nominated

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the coalition until June 30, 2011. The Bloc Québécois would not be formally part of the government but would provide support on confidence motions for 18 months.

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in a 1990 by-election). Many of these gains came at the expense of the Bloc, which was reduced to a four-seat rump without official party status in Parliament.

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Dinner (typically a satirical event), Layton sent up himself and his party, playing guitar and singing three songs: "Party for Sale or Rent" (to the tune of "

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Despite entering the campaign with relatively low poll numbers, the NDP recovered and increased their support significantly after Layton's performance in the

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Layton also continued his effort to improve his party's standing in Quebec. The NDP ran French-language ads in the province and Layton, who spoke colloquial

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for prime minister, and arguing that her inclusion would in effect give the Liberals two representatives at the debate. Rod Love, former chief of staff to

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delivered its first report, Layton offered the prime minister several conditions in return for the NDP's continued support, most notably on the issue of

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had him inadvertently saying, "Thank you for the good sex." Layton stated "My faux pas broke the ice completely. We've been good buddies ever since."

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for having played a role in his student council victory. In his graduating yearbook, Layton wrote as a testament, "I leave to become prime minister."

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observers. They had been previously acquainted, however they realized that they were both candidates in the upcoming election and decided to have

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on March 25, 2011, with the motion gaining full support of all opposition parties including the New Democrats, after the government was found in

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suggested that it was a Liberal insider that leaked the story, although a Liberal Party spokesman denied that they had anything to do with it.

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a few years before. He vowed to beat the cancer, and said it would not interrupt his duties as member of Parliament or as leader of the NDP.

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In the May 2, 2011, election, Layton led the NDP to 103 seats, more than double its previous high. This was also enough to make the NDP the

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The result of Layton's efforts was a strong increase in the party's support. By the end of 2003, the party was polling higher than both the

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and others. His attendance at this rally was accompanied by several press releases by the NDP denouncing metered internet usage in Canada.

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Originally known for coming to council meetings in blue jeans with unkempt hair, Layton worked to change his image to run for mayor in the

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staff, but the charge was later thrown out on freedom of speech grounds. Layton was also one of the few opponents to Toronto's bid for the

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in the leaders' televised debates. Layton initially said that he was following the rules of the broadcast consortium, while NDP spokesman

771:(PhD) in political science here in 1983. In 1974, Layton began his academic career as an educator at Ryerson Polytechnical Institute (now 11671: 11636: 7302: 1577:

In March 2009, the NDP, under Layton's leadership, re-introduced a motion (first passed June 3, 2008) which, if implemented, would allow

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fraternity. During his time spent at McGill, Layton's view on politics had been greatly influenced by professor, philosopher and mentor

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head gained control of city council, the first time in city history a coalition of New Democrats and independents controlled council.

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project, and an early advocate for rights for AIDS patients. In 1984, he was fined for trespassing when he handed out leaflets at the

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damaging its popularity to the point where both the Conservative Party and the Bloc Québécois were pressing their advantage for a

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in Toronto was renamed in Layton's honour in 2013, on the second anniversary of his death. A bronze statue of Layton riding on a

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On June 11, 2008, Prime Minister Stephen Harper made it known that he had received private counsel from Layton on the matter of

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together with Chow's mother, a move they said had been planned for some time. Former Toronto mayor John Sewell later wrote in

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affected families in Africa. As part of the foundation's A Dare to Remember campaign, Layton busked on a busy street corner.

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for the first time. Federal support for Layton and the NDP in the election was unprecedented, especially in the province of

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Harper, Stephen J., House of Commons Debates, Official Reports (Hansard) 39th Parl., 2nd Sess. (June 11, 2008) (online).

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to run for leader of the NDP. After the race, Layton appointed Ducasse as his Quebec lieutenant and party spokesperson.

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Layton, along with Prime Minister Harper and Bloc Québécois leader Gilles Duceppe, initially opposed the inclusion of

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The day after the successful passing of the motion, Layton started the NDP election campaign, first with a speech in

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Under his leadership, support for the NDP increased in each election. The party's popular vote almost doubled in the

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dominant narrative of the last week of the campaign, as other parties turned their attacks on the party and Layton.

1019:. His campaign was focused on the need to reinvigorate the party, and was prominently endorsed by former NDP leader 11721: 9320: 8976: 8961: 8587: 8577: 2316: 863: 7114: 5192:"Don't let Tories tear Canada apart Martin; PM in last-ditch plea to voters Says final outcome will hinge on B.C." 5034: 1608:

with other NDP members observing Hindu religious rituals at Town Hall before attending a meeting organized by the

1476:, suggested that the Greens could potentially cut into the NDP's support. Layton's stance drew criticism from the 11751: 11606: 9924: 9614: 9609: 7085: 3788: 3671: 3154: 2741: 2711: 2678: 2638: 2611: 2584: 2546: 1849: 1844: 1621: 1351:

to discuss the NDP position. After the meeting Layton stated that Canada's role should be focused on traditional

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in his honour, with a second portion scattered at the Layton family's plot at Cote St. Charles United Church in

1047:

or the Progressive Conservatives and it was even suggested that the next election could see the NDP in place as

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in the 2006 Canadian election, and re-elected in 2008 and 2011. Chow resigned from federal politics in 2014 to

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While at York and Ryerson, Layton developed close links with a number of Toronto political figures including

539: 485: 469: 280: 171: 128: 6461: 3442: 2960:. Layton's widow, Olivia Chow, along with family members and MP Tom Mulcair, attended the renaming ceremony. 2012:

In 1969, at age 19, Layton married his high school sweetheart Sally Halford, with whom he had two children:

1468:

confirmed that Layton had refused to attend if May was present, noting that May had endorsed Liberal leader

585:

Layton died on August 22, 2011, after being diagnosed with cancer. He was survived by his wife of 23 years,

11701: 11295: 10995: 10709: 10418: 9619: 8981: 8951: 8191: 7267: 5277: 3181:

Campion-Smith, Bruce (May 20, 2005). "Good for Canada, Layton declares; Commons backs 'first NDP budget'".

2253:

in Toronto. Layton was the second leader of the Official Opposition to die while in office; the first, Sir

2079: 1970:

as an activist in the 1960s and 1970s, who later switched to the Progressive Conservatives and served as a

1858: 1363: 1048: 704: 575: 551: 3159: 1585:

vote held at the NDP's August 2009 federal policy convention, 89.25% of delegates voted against holding a

1079:. Moreover, the controversy consumed the campaign, overshadowing policy announcements over the next week. 11756: 11621: 11047: 10761: 10470: 10219: 10124: 9704: 9589: 8867: 8647: 8632: 8622: 5225:"CON124 36.5% POP VOTE LIB 103 30.1% POP VOTE BLOC 51 10.5% POP VOTE NDP 29 17.4% POP VOTE Independent 1" 2113: 2048: 1395:

and the apology to former students of the schools. Before delivering the apology, Harper thanked Layton.

1112: 1033: 1016: 665: 468:(July 18, 1950 – August 22, 2011) was a Canadian academic and politician who served as the leader of the 7932: 7326:"Alberta leaders put away partisan politics to honour Layton: Tributes pour in from across the province" 6215: 5531: 5384: 11450: 11407: 11387: 11117: 11101: 10823: 10807: 10526: 9039: 8996: 8717: 6340: 2910: 2901: 2173: 2090:: "He would gather people together in his hotel room and play the guitar and get everybody singing old 1986: 1963: 1924: 1653: 1259:

Through the course of the campaign, Layton attempted to cast himself as the sole remaining champion of

1193: 953: 629: 370: 3216: 1144:, the prime minister approached the NDP for its support. Layton demanded the cancellation of proposed 11518: 11280: 10980: 10867: 10694: 10403: 10363: 7119: 6046: 3618: 3483: 2985: 2238: 2156: 1500: 464: 38: 5786: 5473: 11347: 11231: 11225: 11061: 10927: 10921: 10771: 10645: 10639: 10346: 10340: 9522: 8262: 6531: 4629: 4528:"Guide to the real winners, losers Apparent victories are defeats in topsy-turvy world of politics" 3509: 2246: 2021: 1951: 1633: 1535: 1345: 1028: 645: 637: 211: 5841:"40th PARLIAMENT, 2nd SESSION, EDITED HANSARD • NUMBER 036, CONTENTS, Monday, March 30, 2009" 4832: 4763: 4730: 4661: 4593: 4560: 4527: 4494: 4461: 4428: 4395: 4362: 4329: 4296: 4263: 4230: 4131: 4039: 4006: 3974: 3941: 3908: 3875: 3843: 3811: 3756: 3643: 3550: 1380:... to a war not sanctioned by the United Nations ... to ... remain in Canada ..." Layton led the 1003:

in Toronto, on January 25, 2003. Layton won on the first ballot with 53.5% of the vote, defeating

11332: 11314: 11032: 11014: 10746: 10455: 9532: 9462: 9325: 8812: 7431: 4197: 4164: 4072: 3358: 3245:"Jack Layton: Canadian politician who became leader of the opposition after revitalising the NDP" 2117: 1982: 1967: 1712: 1641: 1224:

with Harper as prime minister. Both Bloc and Conservative officials denied Layton's accusations.

1149: 1108: 937: 779:. He also became a prominent activist for a variety of causes. He wrote several books, including 4264:"Layton cleared of wrongdoing Police say councillor committed no impropriety by living in co-op" 3613: 1565: 1403: 623: 11666: 11535: 8617: 8535: 7203: 5073: 4795: 2975: 2933: 2161: 1932: 1916: 1833: 1645: 1377: 1329: 1060: 949: 6189: 3478: 1958:

as a cabinet minister, later resigning due to the provincial government's lack of support for

1927:

who, in 1908, founded the Montreal Association for the Blind; in the 1930s, he campaigned for

507:. He rose to prominence in Toronto municipal politics, where he was one of the most prominent 11351: 11310: 11256: 11010: 10956: 10724: 10674: 10434: 10239: 4693: 3387: 3330: 3186: 2957: 1703: 1586: 1551: 1496: 1457: 1438: 1284: 1260: 1168: 945: 708: 4495:"Rae's misfortunes called drag on Layton Toronto mayoral candidate running under NDP banner" 2981:

The national headquarters of the federal NDP was named the "Jack Layton Building" after him.

2956:, was named in 2012. Previously known as Hudson Marina, the park is located by the shore of 2086:

remembered during the three-day board meetings when Layton was running for president of the

1414: 11581: 11576: 11571: 11372: 11086: 10792: 10491: 10208: 9964: 9499: 8935: 8914: 8387: 8328: 8232: 7586: 5294: 2652: 2376: 2288: 2106: 2017: 1605: 1600: 1210: 1180: 1076: 880: 832: 824: 804: 768: 742: 512: 477: 420: 6264: 8: 11245: 10941: 10659: 10374: 9774: 8657: 5963: 5532:"Who's Afraid of Elizabeth May?" YWCA Canada calls for a woman's voice in election debate 2946: 1807: 1273: 1184: 1137: 1136:

With the ruling Liberal Party being reduced to a minority government, revelations of the

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Panetta, Alexander. "Layton gets strong backing". London Free Press. September 11, 2006.

2221:

Upon hearing the news, there was a nationwide outpouring of grief, and Governor General

679:

prime minister, holding this position until 1970. That same year, Layton graduated from

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Toronto's Woodgreen Community Services renamed their seniors' housing building at 1070

2939: 2929: 2925: 2270: 2094:

from the 1960s. He just got people involved, just with his personality, not politics."

2072: 1928: 1895: 1731: 889: 508: 4967:

Coyne, Andrew. "Layton's charge is out of order." National Post. May 29, 2004, p. A22.

2249:, which took place between August 25 and 27, 2011, with the final memorial service at 1369:

Layton threatened to move a motion of non-confidence against the government over the "

10459: 10144: 9824: 9794: 9744: 9724: 9714: 9694: 9108: 8832: 8707: 8702: 8692: 8682: 8582: 8461: 6686: 5355: 3555: 3084: 3074: 3053: 3043: 3018: 3008: 2199: 1971: 1955: 1798: 1726: 1582: 1555: 1196: 1160: 1044: 776: 735: 692: 680: 649: 556: 402: 108: 10510: 3699: 2105:

uniform made by a tailor. Layton was famously photographed wearing his uniform at a

1832:

by the public for a political candidate they judged as being unfairly maligned. The

1540: 961:

city of Toronto, he was again re-elected to Toronto City Council, serving alongside

11464: 10811: 10506: 10249: 10198: 9984: 9814: 9754: 9493: 9075: 8872: 8722: 8712: 8697: 3363: 3211: 3039: 2283: 2250: 1908: 1776: 1581:. The motion again passed March 30, 2009, by 129–125, but it was non-binding. In a 1355:

and reconstruction rather than in a front line combat role currently taking place.

1096:, to publicly indicate that they did not share Layton's views. His position on the 751: 712: 684: 590: 406: 10750: 10064: 10024: 9784: 8827: 8762: 8522: 8092:"Introducing the Jack Layton and Charles Taylor Awards | Broadbent Institute" 6594: 4462:"Rowlands leads by 2-1 margin But 55% want more choice for mayor, Star poll shows" 1469: 1174: 11488: 11391: 11284: 11182: 10984: 10878: 10698: 10596: 10407: 10297: 10094: 10014: 9994: 9642: 9281: 9113: 8862: 8787: 8777: 8767: 8612: 8597: 8493: 8435: 8408: 8352: 8315: 8284: 6304: 6004: 5439: 5329: 5301: 3733: 3415: 3249: 2896: 2269:. A third portion was scattered under a memorial sculpted by Chow, placed at the 2262: 2254: 2214: 2169: 1912: 1865:

as the party won 59 of the province's 75 seats, dominating Montreal and sweeping

1487:

In October 2008, Layton posted an online video message speaking out in favour of

1446: 1370: 1337: 1333: 1292: 1204:

and consider all of your options before exercising your constitutional authority.

1093: 1037: 894: 851: 760: 661: 633: 412: 151: 7959: 4902:

Curry, Bill. "NDP counting on Ducasse: Popular Quebecer to run in Manicouagan".

3190: 2498:

Electoral history of Jack Layton – Municipal and federal constituency elections

2209: 2000: 11299: 11249: 10999: 10945: 10713: 10663: 10422: 10378: 10274: 10178: 10114: 10044: 10034: 10004: 9954: 9894: 9854: 9834: 9764: 9626: 9310: 9081: 8817: 8807: 8782: 8772: 8747: 8732: 8687: 8677: 8667: 8627: 8602: 8451: 7963: 7852: 7198: 7174: 4817: 4800: 4781: 4764:"Layton surprises locals: Supporters 'blown away' by win over Blaikie, Nystrom" 4715: 4215: 4182: 2953: 2914: 2304: 2266: 2226: 2181: 1975: 1947: 1940: 1878: 1874: 1828: 1811: 1803: 1786: 1715: 1628: 1609: 1488: 1453:

had hurt working people in both countries "and those stories have to be told."

1300: 1188: 1153: 1071: 957: 764: 756: 688: 657: 653: 641: 504: 416: 386: 96: 25: 11552: 7423: 5606: 2035:

at Village by the Grange, in which Jack was the auctioneer and Olivia was the

48: 11565: 11476: 11065: 10775: 10728: 10438: 10286: 10054: 9944: 9884: 9804: 9684: 9315: 9128: 9093: 8857: 8842: 8797: 8652: 8642: 8607: 8510: 8478: 6247: 5950: 4625: 3581: 3004: 2296: 2192: 2176:

had the same type of cancer 17 years before and recovered from it. His wife,

1935:

in Montreal, continues to operate as Layton Audio. Philip's 1898 composition

1890: 1816: 1707: 1590: 1461: 1442: 1423: 1288: 1213:. Harper said, "This is not a coalition, but this is a co-operative effort." 1164: 1145: 1141: 1104: 1008: 962: 921: 800: 746: 734:, Layton came to understand himself as part of the intellectual tradition of 594: 520: 163: 120: 7268:"Mike Layton Bows Out of Upcoming Toronto Election After 12 Years in Office" 6108:"Former Sask. Premier Allan Blakeney dies of cancer, Opposition leader says" 3088: 3057: 3022: 1320:

Layton giving a speech on the fifth anniversary of his leadership of the NDP

869:

Layton and Chow were also the subject of some dispute when a June 14, 1990,

597:

as interim leader of the NDP and, consequently, of the Official Opposition.

11260: 10960: 10862: 10678: 9974: 9734: 9599: 9480: 9298: 9103: 8852: 8792: 8742: 8672: 8637: 8592: 8241: 7253: 7057:"(1900) Layton Brothers Pianos, Organs & Players: Wholesale and Retail" 6327: 5101: 4837: 4768: 4735: 4698: 4666: 4598: 4565: 4532: 4466: 4433: 4400: 4367: 4301: 4235: 4202: 4169: 4136: 4077: 4044: 3979: 3946: 3913: 3880: 3420: 3392: 3304: 2964: 2300: 2292: 2230: 1994: 1749: 1737: 1695: 1690: 1492: 1465: 1434: 1407: 1352: 1348: 1328:, Layton received a 92% approval rating in a leadership vote, tying former 1268: 1183:

with the Bloc Québécois and NDP. In 2004 Stephen Harper privately met with

1089: 1020: 1012: 1004: 978: 925: 910: 871: 812: 669: 644:, had served as a minister without portfolio to the government of Quebec's 199: 84: 7664: 6132: 2538: 2353: 2078:

Layton was known for playing music and singing songs at party gatherings.

11336: 11036: 10393: 10188: 10084: 10074: 9914: 9904: 9450: 9123: 9087: 8847: 8752: 8356: 8319: 8308: 8288: 6345: 5867: 5656: 2177: 2083: 2036: 2028: 2024:. Layton and Halford's marriage ended in divorce in 1983 after 14 years. 2013: 1900: 1866: 1781: 1767: 1753: 1617: 1509: 1481: 1473: 1419: 1341: 1325: 1304: 1237: 1221: 1084: 988: 899: 847: 796: 598: 586: 543: 351: 324: 11483: 7770:"State funeral for late NDP leader Jack Layton cost $ 368,326: document" 7662: 7562:"Jack Layton, Canada opposition leader, dies after second cancer battle" 5313:"Flaherty received death threats". Global National TV. February 1, 2007. 5264:"Elizabeth May receives 93.6% support from members in leadership review" 3909:"Alderman wins appeal for handing out leaflets at Eaton's during strike" 3300:"Layton remembered in hometown as NDP looks to maintain Quebec presence" 2124:" with different humorous lyrics, and "If I Had Another $ 4.6 Billion". 1836:

launched an investigation into how official police notes were leaked to

1376:

On June 3, 2008, Layton voted to implement a program which would "allow

9444: 9276: 8883: 8383: 8324: 8044: 7178:. Montreal (published October 6, 1939). CP. October 5, 1939. p. 13 6707:"Layton confident voters will dismiss massage parlour 'smear campaign'" 6432:"NDP slams CRTC's approval of usage-based billing for Internet service" 6017:

Jack Layton's campaign opener in Edmonton suggests NDP strategy to come

5409:. House of Commons/Chambre des Communes, Ottawa, Canada. Archived from 5383:. House of Commons/Chambre des Communes, Ottawa, Canada. Archived from 2091: 1790: 1757: 1477: 1217: 985: 917: 855: 828: 394: 6265:

The untold story of the 2011 election: Chapter 4 – Turning up the heat

5764:"NDP's budget position may be senseless, but at least it's consistent" 3551:"What do you need to know about the men who want to be prime minister" 2168:

On February 5, 2010, Layton announced that he had been diagnosed with

1861:

for the first time. The NDP gains were partly due to a major surge in

9874: 9864: 9304: 9292: 8757: 8737: 8727: 8144:"InsideToronto: Jack Layton Honoured with Plaque in Toronto-Danforth" 6241:

Scott Stinson: 10 moments that helped shape Layton's political career

5407:"Official Report * Table of Contents * Number 104 (Official Version)" 5069:"Harper, Layton, Duceppe sought 'co-opposition' in 2004 letter to GG" 3540:. Montreal-Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2011, xi – xii. 3335: 2258: 2188: 2102: 2068: 2056: 2040: 1920: 1870: 1837: 1249: 1132:

Layton speaks at an NDP rally in Courtenay, British Columbia, in 2006

982: 700: 696: 9053: 6360:"Usage-based billing rally smaller than expected, taken over by NDP" 1232: 1082:

Further controversy followed as Layton suggested the removal of the

913:. In a move that surprised many, Eggleton elected not to run again. 480:, occasionally holding the title of acting mayor or deputy mayor of 10154: 9286: 8366: 8277: 8121: 8017: 7991: 7718: 7648: 7392: 7146: 6813: 5039: 4850: 4748: 4679: 4646: 4611: 4578: 4545: 4512: 4479: 4446: 4413: 4380: 4347: 4314: 4281: 4248: 4149: 4090: 4057: 4024: 3992: 3959: 3926: 3893: 3860: 3828: 3676: 3276: 2921: 1680: 1594: 816: 767:(MA) in political science in 1972; he would also later receive his 716: 614: 527:. In 2003, he was elected leader of the NDP on the first ballot of 244: 7713: 6921:"Gap between Tories, NDP narrows to 6 points in 11th-hour polling" 6868:"Liberal insider leaked story of Layton's massage, says columnist" 6298:"NDP makes hay of Ignatieff truancy as 'serene' Liberals lash out" 5381:"Report: Iraq War Resisters/Rapport–Opposants à la guerre en Irak" 4928:

Canton, Maria. "NDP official opposition possible, predicts prof".

1156:, despite the low polls for his party as a whole in the province. 8441: 8414: 7687:"Reaction to Jack Layton's death: 'Canadian hearts are breaking'" 2203: 2098: 2067:. After the dinner, Layton attempted to thank Olivia's mother in 2064: 2032: 1997:, was a longtime NDP activist and a personal friend of Layton's. 1684: 1253: 929: 820: 481: 269: 265: 8565: 8215: 6736:"Layton camp in damage control over massage parlour allegations" 6644:"Layton slams 'smear campaign' over massage-parlour allegations" 6323:"Exclusive: What really sunk Michael Ignatieff and the Liberals" 6161:"Layton remains game despite polls showing he's the odd man out" 4876:

Curry, Bill. "NDP's Layton accused of hogging the microphones."

2963:

A plaque commemorating Layton was unveiled in 2013 in Toronto's

1989:

in Toronto. However, he also sometimes attended services at the

1702:

Unlike the previous election, Layton stated he was in favour of

1526: 1283:

Layton's campaign direction also caused a break between him and

7231:"Jack Layton Inspired by United Church Spirituality and Ethics" 5752: 5750: 4915:

Lunman, Kim. "NDP inching past conservatives, poll indicates."

2281:

Layton's life is portrayed in a 2013 television movie entitled

2060: 2052: 1862: 1676: 1175:

Coalition attempt with the Bloc Québécois and the Conservatives

618: 579: 248: 7742:"State funeral for Jack Layton to be held Saturday in Toronto" 4363:"Jack Layton's trim new look triggers rumor mill at city hall" 1877:, and had won but a single seat in the province historically ( 1797:

later ran a follow-up piece, in which Toronto city councillor

1589:

to replace Layton. In October 2009, Layton paired up with the

991:

in Toronto through the Toronto Renewable Energy Co-operative.

11494: 7793: 6382: 3975:"Toronto Aldermen gearing up for first direct Metro election" 3586:"Jack Layton brought inspirational politics to a cynical age" 2322:

Electoral history of Jack Layton – Federal general elections

2044: 1569:

Layton making an appearance in Toronto's Pride Parade in 2009

1515: 1324:

At the NDP's 22nd Convention, held on September 10, 2006, in

1159:

In mid-November 2005, when Liberal support dropped after the

862:; she placed third. Chow would later be elected mayor in the 8166:"LSF's Jack Layton Award for Youth Action in Sustainability" 7663:

Office of the Governor General of Canada (August 22, 2011).

6133:

Richard J. Brennan National Affairs Writer (April 9, 2011).

5452:"Greens can't participate in leaders debates, networks rule" 5573:"May says democracy wins as Green leader lands debate slot" 4889:

Chung, Andrew. "Quebec a difficult hill for NDP to climb".

3447: 1735:

described Layton's attack as a "knock-out punch" while the

1579:

conscientious objectors to the Iraq War to remain in Canada

7907:"Jack Layton's ashes scattered in hometown of Hudson, Que" 6187: 3644:"A sketch of federal NDP leadership candidate Jack Layton" 1384:

to be instrumental in taking action on the peace issue of

1316: 1128: 567:, in which the party elected 29 and 37 MPs, respectively. 7880:"Some of Jack Layton's ashes sprinkled on Toronto Island" 5342:

Canada formally abandons Kyoto Protocol on climate change

4132:"Layton sues for bike mishap that 'ruined' his honeymoon" 3704: 1433:

with a speech similar to that of US presidential nominee

875:

article by Tom Kerr accused them of unfairly living in a

7482:. New Democratic Party. February 5, 2010. Archived from 7480:"Statement by Jack Layton, delivered to the media today" 5432:

Apology to Former Students of Indian Residential Schools

5323:

NDP threaten confidence vote over environmental measures

5016:"PM in denial over privatization of health care: Layton" 916:

Layton was opposed by three right-of-centre candidates:

7665:"Death of the leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition" 7080: 7078: 7076: 7074: 6784:"Layton denies Sun Media's massage parlour allegations" 5332:

De Souza, Mike. CanWest News Service. October 31, 2006.

4330:"Sensational tabloids are enticing a suspicious public" 2967:

in front on an oak tree that was planted in his memory.

2063:

at the home of Olivia's mother, where they also played

11682:

Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario

7614:"Jack Layton Dead: NDP Leader, 61, Succumbs To Cancer" 7611: 6673:. canoe.ca. Archived from the original on July 7, 2012 6536:"NDP Breakout Continues As Everyone Else Spins Wheels" 6484:"Layton sees growing Quebec support, targets Liberals" 6216:"Canada's NDP pushes for bigger place in election sun" 5966:, "Forget royal weddings. Give me the Queen of Punk". 5868:"Federal court to hear American war resister's appeal" 4976:

Curry, Bill. "Layton drops from radar during Week 2."

4796:"Broadbent backs Toronto city councillor as NDP chief" 4594:"Layton beaten by Rowlands in all but one of 16 wards" 1771:

Layton in Quebec during the federal electoral campaign

523:. Returning to council, he rose to become head of the 11448: 7644:"Jack Layton's son says public support buoyed family" 5720:"NDP 'unlikely' to support budget, favours coalition" 5123:

Liberal exec quits over his blog remarks about NDPers

5097:"Bloc leader accuses Harper of lying about coalition" 3784:"Layton, Jack - TMU Archives and Special Collections" 3638: 3636: 2195:

serve as interim leader during his leave of absence.

1775:

On April 29, 2011, a retired police officer told the

1744:

On February 4, 2011, Layton attended a rally against

1100:

was reversed in the 2006 election to one of support.

668:. He would later credit longtime friend and musician 484:

during his tenure as city councillor. Layton was the

7071: 6838:"Gilles Duceppe dismisses Jack Layton massage story" 6560:"NDP surge dominates talk on federal campaign trail" 5356:"MPs vote to give asylum to U.S. military deserters" 3472: 3470: 1725:. In the English-language debate, Layton criticized 1627:

In early 2011, Layton was featured in an episode of

8527: 8118:"Quebec town renames park in honour of Jack Layton" 8066:"Jack Layton Chair - About Us - Ryerson University" 7113:Vaisey, William; Hayes, Janice (January 31, 2010). 6951:"No charges in Layton massage parlour leak: Police" 5673:

Liberals, NDP, Bloc sign deal on proposed coalition

5295:

Coalition of Canadian Energy Trusts. Vote Breakdown

5063: 5061: 5059: 5057: 4630:"Violence against women: an international epidemic" 2978:, Jack Layton Seniors' Housing in honour of Layton. 1785:newspaper that in 1996, Layton had been found in a 1311: 11212: 10908: 10626: 10327: 9672: 7612:Ward, John; The Canadian Press (August 22, 2011). 7317: 7199:"Layton trounces Roberts ends 30-year 'tradition'" 6895:"Online debate more about 'smear job' than Layton" 6762:"NDP responds to Layton massage-visit allegations" 6458:"Canadians lose out with internet metered billing" 5545:"May gets green light with a push from the people" 5474:"Elizabeth May torpedoes the Green Party... again" 5152: 5090: 5088: 3700:"Profile: New Democratic Party leader Jack Layton" 3633: 3238: 3236: 3234: 3114:Sick leave from July 28, 2011, to August 22, 2011. 3069:Speaking Out Louder: Ideas that Work For Canadians 3066: 3031: 2303:. It was released on March 10, 2013, and aired on 515:councils, championing many progressive causes. In 11597:Academic staff of Toronto Metropolitan University 7794:James Bradshaw and Jane Taber (August 23, 2011). 5893:"This page is available to GlobePlus subscribers" 5811:Clark, Campbell; Taber, Jane (January 28, 2009). 5657:Opposition threatens to topple Tories over update 5183: 3467: 3001:Homelessness: The Making and Unmaking of a Crisis 1919:. His great-grandfather, Philip E. Layton, was a 781:Homelessness: The Making and Unmaking of a Crisis 613:John Gilbert Layton was born on July 18, 1950 in 11727:Recipients of the Meritorious Service Decoration 11563: 7853:"Jack Layton's last ride from Toronto City Hall" 7796:"Preparing a heartfelt farewell for Jack Layton" 7286: 7224: 7222: 7142:"Carillon music for Jack Layton's Hill farewell" 5575:. Canada.com. September 10, 2008. Archived from 5266:. Canada: Green Party of Canada. April 25, 2016. 5054: 4863:Goar, Carol. "He makes it look too effortless". 4561:"Rowlands just ahead of Layton, Star poll finds" 2273:Cemetery on the first anniversary of his death. 2020:from 2010 to 2022, and Sarah, who works for the 1272:strategic voting. Early in the campaign, NDP MP 745:, and would later cite his influence being from 7877: 7825:"Jack Layton's final resting place(s) revealed" 7506:"Layton won't attend NDP summer caucus retreat" 6158: 5684: 5085: 4165:"Well-to-do Layton lives in 'affordable' co-op" 4040:"Reformers on coucnil seek Toronto's 'rebirth'" 3729:"Jack Layton made his political entrée at York" 3538:Canadian Idealism and the Philosophy of Freedom 3231: 1718:, who died about halfway through the campaign. 1107:, appeared in them. He advocated replacing the 732:Canadian Idealism and the Philosophy of Freedom 728:Canadian Idealism and the Philosophy of Freedom 11687:Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada 11406:indicates parties with members elected to the 11116:indicates parties with members elected to the 10822:indicates parties with members elected to the 10525:indicates parties with members elected to the 8014:"Toronto street to be renamed Jack Layton Way" 7533:"Layton picks Nycole Turmel as interim leader" 7001: 6809:"Leak of police notes in Layton report probed" 5630:"Harper bets the House, wins another minority" 5218: 5216: 5135:Martin attacks Layton for not attacking Harper 4989:Chase, Steven. "Layton would axe Clarity Act" 3942:"Failure pinned on Jack Layton, poverty group" 3503: 3501: 3264: 2984:On 7 January 2017 he was posthumously awarded 2928:redevelopment in the Toronto neighbourhood of 1814:also dismissed the claim. A columnist for the 1640:The Conservative government was defeated in a 1410:and Layton at a 2008 election rally in Toronto 1123: 11198: 10894: 10612: 10313: 9658: 8899: 8551: 7388:"OBITUARY: Jack Layton's legacy as a fighter" 7219: 6803: 6801: 6282:For Layton, the real battle is with Ignatieff 6188:Joanna Smith Ottawa Bureau (April 13, 2011). 5922:"Raise money for AIDS by going out on a limb" 4941:Aubry, Jack. "Layton's line starts a storm." 3443:"NDP choose Craig Scott for Toronto-Danforth" 3379: 3180: 1652:that a government lost the confidence of the 9585:Members of provincial/territorial assemblies 8567:Leaders of the Official Opposition in Canada 8224:Jack Layton – Parliament of Canada biography 7004:"Sovereignist Lepage opened door for Layton" 6407:. World Broadband Foundation. Archived from 4037: 3873: 3576: 3574: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3200: 1558:, had distanced himself from the coalition. 999:Layton was elected leader of the NDP at the 749:voicing opposition to the imposition of the 11592:Academic staff of the University of Toronto 7711: 7524: 7385: 7112: 6671:"T.O. councillor skeptical of Layton story" 6507:"NDP surges to strong second place in poll" 6097:, March 30, 2011. Retrieved March 30, 2011. 6082:, March 30, 2011. Retrieved March 30, 2011. 6052:, March 25, 2011. Retrieved March 30, 2011. 6022:, March 27, 2011. Retrieved March 29, 2011. 5988:, March 25, 2011. Retrieved March 25, 2011. 5213: 5189: 5147:Income trust a major campaign turning point 4956:On the street: how we created the homeless. 3876:"Alderman proposes $ 2.1 million AIDS team" 3498: 3325: 3323: 3095:Speaking Out: Ideas that Work For Canadians 3034:Speaking Out: Ideas that Work For Canadians 1974:minister in the 1980s under Prime Minister 1884: 1620:was elected to Toronto City Council in the 1358:Layton and his caucus voted to support the 842:On July 9, 1988, he married Hong Kong-born 660:suburb of Montreal, where he served as the 632:. He was the maternal great-grandnephew of 141:January 25, 2003 – August 22, 2011 11205: 11191: 10901: 10887: 10619: 10605: 10320: 10306: 9965:The referendum on the Charlottetown Accord 9665: 9651: 8906: 8892: 8558: 8544: 7982: 7980: 7904: 7822: 7451: 7449: 7197:Whittaker, Stephanie (September 5, 1984). 6798: 6460:. Ndp.ca. January 20, 2011. Archived from 6429: 6341:"Layton puts egg on Iggy's face in debate" 6135:"NDP fortunes falling fast in latest poll" 5810: 5534:", YWCA press release, September 9, 2008. 4830: 4038:Monsebraaten, Laurie (November 19, 1988). 3272:"Parachute Club's Billy Bryans dies at 62" 2151:Final line of Layton's letter to Canadians 2004:Layton wearing a custom-made uniform at a 1516:Continued Conservative minority government 973:, this time in the neighbouring riding of 582:, where the party won 59 out of 75 seats. 47: 7354: 7196: 6835: 6362:. News.nationalpost.com. February 4, 2011 6092:NDP seeks to shape health debate with ads 5982:Government's defeat sets up election call 5813:"Ignatieff okays budget, with conditions" 5222: 4073:"Busy trustee keeps to a hectic schedule" 3611: 3571: 3197: 2952:Parc Jack-Layton in Layton's hometown of 2924:and now being transformed as part of the 2904:, which was renamed in his honour in 2013 2122:Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out 1679:followed later in the day by an event in 1075:, but most attacked it as inaccurate and 8913: 7714:"Canada mourns 'courageous' Jack Layton" 7379: 6918: 6504: 6190:"NDP moves into tie with Liberals: Poll" 6062:Layton promises to cap credit card rates 5939: 5717: 4958:Winnipeg: J. Gordon Shillingford, c2000. 4833:"NDP leader goes after Grits on Day One" 4728: 3320: 2895: 2208: 2155: 1999: 1991:Metropolitan Community Church of Toronto 1894: 1789:when police, looking for underage Asian 1766: 1689: 1599: 1564: 1530:Layton during the 2008 election campaign 1525: 1522:2008–2009 Canadian parliamentary dispute 1413: 1402: 1315: 1240:during the 2006 winter election campaign 1231: 1127: 944:In November 1991, Layton co-founded the 811:, in a surprise upset against incumbent 608: 189:June 28, 2004 – August 22, 2011 7977: 7712:Fitzpatrick, Meagan (August 22, 2011). 7530: 7446: 7386:Fitzpatrick, Meagan (August 22, 2011). 7292: 6615: 6588: 5284:from the original on February 12, 2007. 5158: 5035:"Harper wanted 2004 coalition: Duceppe" 4492: 4261: 4103: 3841: 3726: 3672:"PROFILE: Jack Layton, the NDP fighter" 3507: 2295:as Olivia Chow. The cast also includes 885:Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation 790: 503:cabinet minister, Layton was raised in 11692:Members of the United Church of Canada 11564: 10039:1999, as Newsmaker of the 20th Century 7988:"Jack Layton memorial statue unveiled" 7455: 7434:from the original on November 18, 2021 7323: 7027: 6975: 6892: 6213: 5946:"Mike Layton joins parents in victory" 5865: 5787:"Clock ticking on coalition's chances" 5784: 5497: 5032: 4761: 4731:"Hydro backs waterfront windmill plan" 4624: 4070: 3906: 3842:MacLeod, Robert (September 12, 1991). 3476: 3413: 3385: 3242: 3064: 3029: 2998: 2134:Death and state funeral of Jack Layton 76:May 2, 2011 – August 22, 2011 11186: 10882: 10600: 10301: 9646: 8887: 8539: 8526: 7957: 7739: 7559: 7424:"Jack Layton- Party For Sale or Rent" 7404:from the original on November 5, 2012 7357:"Where no NDP leader has gone before" 7170:"W. R. Bulloch Breaks With Duplessis" 7030:"Jack Layton's legacy won't end here" 6733: 6618:"Layton found in bawdy house: Ex-cop" 6524: 6214:Palmer, Randall (February 14, 2011). 5785:Harris, Kathleen (January 26, 2009). 5718:Galloway, Gloria (January 14, 2009). 5687:"Buying time and saving the Liberals" 5685:Gagnon, Lysiane (December 15, 2008). 5627: 5353: 5231:. Toronto. p. A1. Archived from 5223:Delecourt, Susan (January 24, 2006). 5197:. Toronto. p. A6. Archived from 5190:Whittington, Wes (January 23, 2006). 5167:. Toronto. p. A4. Archived from 5159:Brennan, Richard (January 24, 2006). 5094: 5003:Layton reverses course on Clarity Act 4659: 4591: 4558: 4525: 4459: 4393: 4360: 4327: 4294: 4262:Polanyi, Margaret (August 17, 1990). 4108:. Post City Magazines. Archived from 4106:"The biggest fight of their marriage" 3972: 3939: 3809: 3754: 3580: 3510:"How Jack Layton courted Bloc voters" 2891: 2520: 2511: 2332: 2276: 2088:Federation of Canadian Municipalities 1981:Layton was raised as a member of the 1978:, as well as a member of Parliament. 1344:. On September 24, 2006, he met with 967:Federation of Canadian Municipalities 783:and a book on general public policy, 759:. He also moved to Toronto to attend 711:to study under political philosopher 622: 550:. In May 2005, the NDP supported the 525:Federation of Canadian Municipalities 11501: 10230:Children lost in residential schools 9488:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation 9013:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation 8192:"Canada Gazette, Part I, Volume 151" 8038: 7933:"Headstone for Jack Layton unveiled" 7560:Flock, Elizabeth (August 22, 2011). 7459:Letter to Canadians From Jack Layton 7430:. YouTube, LLC. September 18, 2009. 7293:Rushowy, Kristin (January 3, 1999). 7228: 6641: 6530: 6405:"Canadian UBB Protest February 2011" 6380: 5628:Clark, Campbell (October 15, 2008). 4831:Paraskevas, Joe (January 28, 2003). 4426: 4297:"Layton says he's moving from co-op" 4228: 4195: 4162: 3940:James, Royson (September 19, 1990). 3874:Monsebraaten, Laurie (May 6, 1987). 3150:"Former City Councillor Jack Layton" 3108: 2310: 2127: 1360:new proposed rules for income trusts 994: 7332:. Edmonton, Alberta. Archived from 6836:Dougherty, Kevin (April 30, 2011). 6288:. Retrieved on: September 19, 2011. 6254:. Retrieved on: September 19, 2011. 5998:"Business of Supply (Division 204)" 5280:. Canada: CBC. September 24, 2006. 5278:"Karzai, Layton find common ground" 3812:"A new star rising over left field" 3810:Hayes, David R. (January 8, 1983). 3757:"A new star rising over left field" 3755:Hayes, David R. (January 8, 1983). 3727:Tancock, Martha (August 23, 2011). 3612:Whitehorn, Alan (January 3, 2012). 3508:Johnson, William (April 28, 2011). 3388:"The life and times of Jack Layton" 2202:on August 22, 2011, at his home in 1451:North American Free Trade Agreement 1092:Bill Blaikie and former NDP leader 932:, and by his earlier opposition to 898:that rival Toronto city councillor 628:), and Progressive Conservative MP 559:. The NDP saw further gains in the 13: 11672:Leaders of the Opposition (Canada) 11637:Canadian people of English descent 8501:Leader of the New Democratic Party 7295:"Jack and Olivia their love story" 7028:Martin, Sandra (August 22, 2011). 6976:Gagnon, Lysiane (April 18, 2011). 6593:. Sun News Network. Archived from 6505:Guttsman, Janet (April 25, 2011). 6434:. Dondavies.ndp.ca. Archived from 4328:Wolfe, Morris (February 4, 1992). 3414:Geddes, John (September 2, 2011). 3243:Childs, Martin (August 26, 2011). 1962:in World War II. Layton's father, 14: 11768: 11642:Canadian people of German descent 11602:Academic staff of York University 11587:21st-century Canadian legislators 8438:for Ward 30 (Broadview-Greenwood) 8209: 8194:. Canada Gazette. January 7, 2017 8039:Maga, Carly (February 25, 2013). 7878:Mitchel Raphael (July 17, 2012). 7587:"Reaction to Jack Layton's death" 7531:LeBlanc, Daniel (July 25, 2011). 7398:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 7324:Kleiss, Karen (August 23, 2011). 7229:Todd, Douglas (August 25, 2011). 6893:Gordon, Andrea (April 30, 2011). 6280:Smith, Joanna. (April 20, 2011). 6159:Gloria Galloway (April 8, 2011). 5919: 5161:"Liberals stem Conservative tide" 4762:Haight, Lana (January 27, 2003). 4694:"Layton launches bid to lead NDP" 4493:MacLeod, Robert (June 15, 1991). 4394:Lewis, David (February 6, 1991). 3093:(revised and expanded edition of 2992: 2988:(MSC) by the Canadian Government. 2213:Layton's coffin being taken from 1911:: his maternal great-granduncle, 1512:, its only seat in the province. 969:. Federally, he ran again in the 902:had given the story to Tom Kerr. 675:In 1969, he was appointed as the 474:leader of the Official Opposition 11697:Metropolitan Toronto councillors 11544: 11527: 11510: 11482: 11470: 11458: 10280: 10268: 9364:Newfoundland & Labrador 2023 9052: 8184: 8158: 8136: 8110: 8084: 8058: 8032: 8006: 7951: 7925: 7898: 7871: 7845: 7816: 7787: 7762: 7733: 7705: 7679: 7656: 7636: 7605: 7579: 7553: 7498: 7472: 7456:Layton, Jack (August 20, 2011), 7416: 7355:Delacourt, Susan (May 6, 2009). 7348: 7260: 7245: 7190: 7162: 7134: 7106: 7049: 7021: 6995: 6969: 6943: 6919:Galloway, Gloria (May 1, 2011). 6912: 6886: 6860: 6829: 6776: 6764:. Postmedia News. April 29, 2011 6754: 6734:Smith, Joanna (April 29, 2011). 6727: 6699: 6668: 6662: 6635: 6609: 6582: 6566:. April 27, 2011. Archived from 6552: 6498: 6476: 6450: 6423: 6397: 6374: 6352: 6334: 6316: 6291: 6274: 6257: 6233: 6207: 6181: 6152: 6126: 6100: 6085: 6077:Debate over May diverts campaign 6070: 6055: 6040: 6032:Layton opens up about his health 6025: 6010: 5991: 5975: 5957: 5913: 5885: 5859: 5833: 5804: 5778: 5756: 5744: 5711: 5678: 5666: 5605:. April 12, 2009. Archived from 5454:. Canada: CBC. September 8, 2008 5095:Chung, Andrew (March 26, 2011). 5077:. March 27, 2011. Archived from 5033:Payton, Laura (March 26, 2011). 4729:McAndrew, Brian (July 1, 1999). 4592:Byers, Jim (November 21, 1991). 4526:Byers, Jim (November 15, 1991). 4429:"Eggleton out of race for mayor" 4231:"Co-op residents answer critics" 4198:"Layton lives in low-rent co-op" 4015:. November 13, 1985. p. A17 3973:Smith, Michael (July 16, 1985). 2532: 2317:Electoral history of Jack Layton 2160:An impromptu memorial set up at 1966:, was initially a member of the 1694:Layton with his chief of staff, 1664: 1398: 1312:Conservative minority government 1227: 1054: 442: 311: 11732:Spouses of Canadian politicians 8528:Articles related to Jack Layton 7740:Taber, Jane (August 22, 2011). 6642:Chow, Olivia (April 29, 2011). 6616:Pizzano, Sam (April 29, 2011). 6589:Pazzano, Sam (April 29, 2011). 6430:Don Davies (January 21, 2011). 6271:. Retrieved September 19, 2011. 6239:Stinson, S. (August 23, 2011). 5866:Cooper, Alex (April 21, 2009). 5650: 5621: 5591: 5565: 5537: 5524: 5491: 5466: 5444: 5425: 5399: 5373: 5347: 5335: 5316: 5307: 5288: 5270: 5256: 5247: 5140: 5128: 5116: 5026: 5008: 4996: 4983: 4970: 4961: 4948: 4935: 4922: 4909: 4896: 4883: 4870: 4857: 4824: 4808:. November 28, 2002. p. A7 4788: 4755: 4722: 4686: 4660:Lakey, Jack (January 4, 1999). 4653: 4618: 4585: 4559:Byers, Jim (October 10, 1991). 4552: 4519: 4486: 4460:Byers, Jim (November 9, 1991). 4453: 4420: 4387: 4361:Byers, Jim (February 5, 1987). 4354: 4321: 4295:Duffy, Andrew (June 24, 1990). 4288: 4255: 4222: 4189: 4156: 4124: 4104:Beddall, Elizabeth (May 2010). 4097: 4064: 4031: 3999: 3966: 3933: 3900: 3867: 3835: 3803: 3789:Toronto Metropolitan University 3776: 3748: 3720: 3692: 3664: 3605: 3543: 3530: 3479:"Canadian Idealism: An excerpt" 3435: 3407: 3367:. September 29, 1991. p. 3 3123: 1216:One month later, on October 4, 773:Toronto Metropolitan University 726:In a foreword Layton wrote for 333: 307: 16:Canadian politician (1950–2011) 11214:2004 Canadian federal election 10910:2006 Canadian federal election 10628:2008 Canadian federal election 10329:2011 Canadian federal election 9674:Canadian Newsmaker of the Year 9632:New Democratic Party of Quebec 7958:Pratt, Emily (March 1, 2013). 7905:Jane Taber (October 3, 2011). 7823:Jane Taber (August 26, 2011). 7002:PHILIP AUTHIER (May 7, 2011). 6978:"Three leaders, three accents" 6383:"NDP. Stop the Meter on Vimeo" 5354:Smith, Joanna (June 3, 2008). 4662:"The mellowing of Jack Layton" 3844:"Layton urges SkyDome inquiry" 3386:Geddes, John (June 17, 2011). 3351: 3292: 3174: 3142: 2217:after lying in state in Ottawa 2198:Layton died at 4:45 a.m. 1671:2011 Canadian federal election 1593:Foundation to raise money for 1431:2008 federal election campaign 1067:2004 Canadian federal election 621:, to parents Doris Elizabeth ( 519:, he ran for mayor, losing to 476:in 2011. He previously sat on 1: 11662:Deaths from cancer in Ontario 11647:Canadian political scientists 11617:Burials at Toronto Necropolis 9595:Labour candidates and parties 7251:Geddes, John. "Jack Layton." 6486:. Canada: CBC. April 18, 2011 5500:"A debate without the Greens" 5344:CTV News. November 19, 2006. 5005:Rabble.ca. December 7, 2005. 4071:Spears, Tom (July 10, 1988). 3477:Layton, Jack (October 2011). 3136: 3073:. Toronto: Key Porter Books. 2900:A memorial for Layton at the 1386:Canada and Iraq War resisters 1278:Royal Canadian Mounted Police 1001:party's leadership convention 844:Toronto District School Board 11632:Canadian non-fiction writers 11172:Liberal Party advertisements 9610:Canada's Young New Democrats 7667:. Queen's Printer for Canada 5843:. parl.gc.ca. Archived from 5498:Canada (September 8, 2008). 5149:CTV News. January 22, 2006. 4880:. February 25, 2003, p. A11. 4706:. July 23, 2002. p. A22 3907:Spears, Tom (May 27, 1986). 2120:"), a re-worked version of " 1903:on their way to vote in 2011 1698:, campaigning in Quebec City 472:(NDP) from 2003 to 2011 and 7: 9705:William Lyon Mackenzie King 7237:(blog post). Archived from 7215:– via Newspapers.com. 7186:– via Newspapers.com. 7115:"Blindness and Vision Loss" 5675:CBC News. December 1, 2008. 5599:"Message to P2PNET readers" 4932:. November 16, 2003, p. A8. 4867:. November 5, 2003, p. A26. 4229:Kerr, Tom (July 19, 1990). 4196:Kerr, Tom (June 14, 1990). 4163:Kerr, Tom (June 14, 1990). 2172:. He noted that his father 2114:Parliamentary Press Gallery 2051:as well as him not being a 1648:. It was the first time in 1252:dog and calling Layton an " 1124:Liberal minority government 1113:proportional representation 948:of men working to end male 741:In 1970, Layton joined the 10: 11773: 11652:Canadian political writers 10218:Front-line workers in the 8337:Moved to direct elections 6786:. CTV News. April 30, 2011 5766:. Network.nationalpost.com 5125:CBC.ca. December 27, 2005. 4919:. December 5, 2003, p. A4. 4906:. January 5, 2004, p. A10. 4140:. July 5, 1988. p. A7 2917:was installed at the site. 2911:Jack Layton Ferry Terminal 2902:Jack Layton Ferry Terminal 2885: 2491: 2314: 2131: 1987:Bloor Street United Church 1888: 1668: 1622:2010 city council election 1536:40th session of Parliament 1519: 1393:Indian residential schools 1244:With a vote scheduled for 1058: 803:. He was first elected to 699:, and was a member of the 11717:Politicians from Montreal 11657:Canadian social democrats 11417: 11240: 11220: 11127: 10936: 10916: 10868:Anything But Conservative 10833: 10654: 10634: 10536: 10355: 10335: 10263: 9680: 9515: 9472: 9437: 9396: 9379:Prince Edward Island 2022 9334: 9269: 9262: 9190: 9137: 9068: 9061: 9050: 9005: 8972:Newfoundland and Labrador 8944: 8928: 8921: 8573: 8533: 8507: 8498: 8490: 8485: 8475: 8466: 8458: 8448: 8433: 8428: 8406: 8401: 8381: 8373: 8363: 8350: 8342: 8313: 8305: 8295: 8282: 8274: 8269: 8259: 8246: 8238: 8231: 7301:. Toronto. Archived from 7120:The Canadian Encyclopedia 6927:. Toronto. Archived from 6715:. Toronto. April 30, 2011 6691:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 6263:Wells, P. (May 7, 2011). 5728:. Toronto. Archived from 5695:. Toronto. Archived from 5508:. Toronto. Archived from 4893:. April 26, 2003, p. E02. 4427:Kerr, Tom (May 2, 1991). 3619:The Canadian Encyclopedia 3559:. June 2, 2004. p. 7 3484:Literary Review of Canada 3280:. Toronto. April 23, 2012 2986:Meritorious Service Cross 2777: 2774: 2764: 2734: 2704: 2683: 2671: 2651: 2649: 2631: 2604: 2577: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2517: 2514: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2477: 2448: 2419: 2390: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2329: 2326: 1424:2008 Toronto Pride parade 538:, which gave the NDP the 450: 438: 430: 393: 382: 363: 344: 286: 276: 255: 227: 222: 218: 205: 193: 182: 170: 157: 145: 134: 126: 114: 102: 90: 80: 69: 62: 58: 46: 23: 11737:Toronto city councillors 11707:New Democratic Party MPs 11677:McGill University alumni 11612:Anglophone Quebec people 10240:Canada convoy protesters 9523:Canadian Labour Congress 9473:Key documents and events 8945:Provincial / Territorial 8486:Party political offices 8469:Leader of the Opposition 7960:"full edition of 'Jack'" 6303:January 8, 2015, at the 6047:Jack Layton: The fighter 5438:January 6, 2016, at the 5328:January 4, 2016, at the 3359:"Grading the candidates" 3101: 2071:, however his incorrect 2059:. Layton was invited to 2022:Stephen Lewis Foundation 1885:Family and personal life 1634:Make the Politician Work 977:, but lost to incumbent 864:2023 mayoral by-election 860:run for mayor of Toronto 763:, where he received his 501:Progressive Conservative 64:Leader of the Opposition 11722:Progressivism in Canada 10556:MPs who lost their seat 9533:List of CCF/NDP members 9506:Statement of Principles 9463:New Politics Initiative 9335:Upcoming or most recent 8411:for Ward 25 (Don River) 8041:"Jack Layton Way Opens" 4980:. June 5, 2004, p. A13. 3217:Encyclopædia Britannica 2235:US ambassador to Canada 2206:. He was 61 years old. 2164:shortly after his death 2018:Toronto city councillor 1983:United Church of Canada 1939:was played at Layton's 1917:Father of Confederation 1843:Layton appeared on the 1429:Layton started off the 1378:conscientious objectors 809:1982 municipal election 677:Quebec Youth Parliament 652:. Layton was raised in 640:, and his grandfather, 638:Father of Confederation 511:voices on the city and 11752:York University alumni 11712:People from Montérégie 11607:Activists from Toronto 11326:Independent candidates 11142:Newspaper endorsements 11026:Independent candidates 10848:Newspaper endorsements 10740:Independent candidates 10566:Newspaper endorsements 10450:Independent candidates 9191:Parliamentary election 8386:for Don River Ward of 8218:– NDP official website 7241:on September 24, 2011. 7207:. Montreal. p. 41 6003:April 2, 2011, at the 4993:. May 29, 2004, p. A1. 4945:. May 28, 2004, p. A4. 3416:"The real Jack Layton" 2934:William Peyton Hubbard 2905: 2291:portraying Layton and 2245:Layton was accorded a 2218: 2165: 2162:Nathan Phillips Square 2148: 2009: 1985:, and was a member of 1960:Canadian participation 1946:Layton's grandfather, 1933:Saint Catherine Street 1904: 1850:Tout le monde en parle 1834:Toronto Police Service 1772: 1699: 1646:contempt of Parliament 1613: 1570: 1531: 1426: 1411: 1321: 1241: 1206: 1133: 1061:Homelessness in Canada 950:violence against women 603:NDP leadership contest 11742:Writers from Montreal 11352:Marc-Boris St-Maurice 10928:Conservative minority 10646:Conservative minority 10640:Conservative minority 10347:Conservative majority 10341:Conservative minority 9580:Members of Parliament 9349:British Columbia 2022 7624:on September 22, 2011 6313:, September 10, 2012. 5413:on September 26, 2008 5300:May 17, 2007, at the 4007:"Layton proved right" 2999:Layton, Jack (2000). 2958:Lake of Two Mountains 2899: 2212: 2159: 2138: 2003: 1950:, served in Quebec's 1898: 1770: 1693: 1669:Further information: 1603: 1587:leadership convention 1568: 1529: 1439:American middle class 1417: 1406: 1319: 1285:Canadian Auto Workers 1261:universal health care 1235: 1201: 1169:health care in Canada 1131: 946:White Ribbon Campaign 934:Toronto's Olympic bid 709:University of Toronto 609:Early life and career 11747:Writers from Toronto 11627:Canadian monarchists 11388:Progressive Canadian 11102:Progressive Canadian 10808:Progressive Canadian 10209:Jody Wilson-Raybould 10095:The Canadian Soldier 9500:Winnipeg Declaration 9337:leadership elections 9139:Leadership elections 8987:Prince Edward Island 8936:New Democratic Party 8915:New Democratic Party 8388:Metropolitan Toronto 8329:Metropolitan Toronto 8249:Member of Parliament 8233:Parliament of Canada 8216:New Democratic Party 8146:. September 17, 2013 7330:The Edmonton Journal 6591:"Sun News Exclusive" 5847:on November 26, 2009 5663:. November 27, 2008. 5387:on February 13, 2009 3339:. September 15, 2011 2487:Official opposition 2229:, NDP deputy leader 2107:Star Trek convention 1748:in Toronto with MPs 1713:Saskatchewan premier 1650:Commonwealth history 1606:Rathika Sitsabaiesan 1211:coalition government 1181:coalition government 1077:negative campaigning 833:1996 Summer Olympics 825:Toronto Eaton Centre 805:Toronto City Council 791:Toronto City Council 769:Doctor of Philosophy 743:New Democratic Party 719:and participated in 513:Metropolitan Toronto 486:member of Parliament 478:Toronto City Council 470:New Democratic Party 310: 1969; 172:Member of Parliament 129:New Democratic Party 11702:NDP and CCF leaders 8020:. February 21, 2013 7618:The Huffington Post 7566:The Washington Post 7336:on February 8, 2020 7305:on February 1, 2013 7257:. December 5, 2005. 7094:. December 21, 2005 7086:"behind the scenes" 6464:on February 5, 2012 5972:, January 22, 2011. 5954:, October 25, 2010. 5926:Winnipeg Free Press 5579:on December 8, 2008 5512:on January 16, 2009 5235:on November 5, 2012 5201:on November 5, 2012 5171:on November 5, 2012 3584:(August 22, 2011). 3162:on October 19, 2013 2947:Broadbent Institute 2499: 2323: 1929:disability pensions 1923:piano salesman and 1907:Layton came from a 1859:Official Opposition 1746:usage-based billing 1711:campaign to former 1274:Judy Wasylycia-Leis 1150:non-confidence vote 1138:sponsorship scandal 1109:first-past-the-post 1049:Official Opposition 907:1991 civic election 890:Toronto's Chinatown 877:housing cooperative 827:during a strike by 605:to replace Layton. 576:Official Opposition 548:minority government 457:John Gilbert Layton 232:John Gilbert Layton 11757:Canadian pacifists 11622:Canadian activists 11364:(Sandra L. Smith, 11271:Christian Heritage 11078:(Sandra L. Smith, 11052:Jean-Serge Brisson 10971:Christian Heritage 10685:Christian Heritage 10551:MPs who stood down 10390:Christian Heritage 10275:History portal 9359:New Brunswick 2023 8355:for Ward 6 of the 8318:for Ward 6 of the 8287:for Ward 6 of the 8270:Political offices 7911:The Globe and Mail 7830:The Globe and Mail 7801:The Globe and Mail 7747:The Globe and Mail 7652:. August 30, 2011. 7538:The Globe and Mail 7367:on August 26, 2011 7091:The Globe and Mail 7035:The Globe and Mail 6982:The Globe and Mail 6925:The Globe and Mail 6712:The Globe and Mail 6381:Tochilin, Andrey. 6310:The Globe and Mail 6246:July 12, 2012, at 6166:The Globe and Mail 6112:The Globe and Mail 5969:The Globe and Mail 5898:The Globe and Mail 5818:The Globe and Mail 5725:The Globe and Mail 5692:The Globe and Mail 5635:The Globe and Mail 5550:The Globe and Mail 5505:The Globe and Mail 4991:The Globe and Mail 4917:The Globe and Mail 4806:The Canadian Press 4704:The Canadian Press 4635:The Globe and Mail 4500:The Globe and Mail 4335:The Globe and Mail 4269:The Globe and Mail 4012:The Globe and Mail 3849:The Globe and Mail 3817:The Globe and Mail 3762:The Globe and Mail 3652:. January 22, 2003 3649:The Canadian Press 3591:The Globe and Mail 3515:The Ottawa Citizen 3455:. January 10, 2012 3453:The Canadian Press 2940:Ryerson University 2926:Bridgepoint Health 2906: 2892:Legacy and honours 2497: 2321: 2277:In popular culture 2271:Toronto Necropolis 2219: 2166: 2143:All my very best, 2101:, having a custom 2097:Layton was a keen 2041:Cantonese language 2031:in 1985 during an 2016:, who served as a 2010: 2008:convention in 1991 1954:government led by 1905: 1773: 1732:The Globe and Mail 1700: 1642:no-confidence vote 1614: 1574:support the NDP." 1571: 1532: 1427: 1412: 1362:introduced by the 1322: 1291:over the issue of 1242: 1134: 881:federal government 879:subsidized by the 736:Canadian idealists 715:. Layton followed 666:Hudson High School 589:, who was elected 11446: 11445: 11440: 11439: 11180: 11179: 11137:Results by riding 10876: 10875: 10843:Results by riding 10594: 10593: 10546:Results by riding 10460:Michael Ignatieff 10295: 10294: 10287:Canada portal 10220:COVID-19 pandemic 9825:Lester B. Pearson 9795:Lester B. Pearson 9745:Lester B. Pearson 9725:Lester B. Pearson 9715:Louis St. Laurent 9695:Barbara Ann Scott 9640: 9639: 9392: 9391: 9384:Saskatchewan 2022 9258: 9257: 9048: 9047: 8881: 8880: 8521: 8520: 8516: 8508:Succeeded by 8476:Succeeded by 8462:Michael Ignatieff 8449:Succeeded by 8423:Office abolished 8396:Office abolished 8364:Succeeded by 8296:Succeeded by 8260:Succeeded by 8098:on March 10, 2016 7994:. August 22, 2013 7939:. August 21, 2012 7859:. August 27, 2011 7693:. August 22, 2011 7593:. August 22, 2011 7512:. August 17, 2011 7486:on August 3, 2011 7235:The Vancouver Sun 7150:. August 25, 2011 6411:on April 16, 2013 6349:, April 13, 2011. 6067:, March 29, 2011. 6037:, March 29, 2011. 5732:on March 13, 2014 5699:on March 13, 2014 5659:Richard Brennan. 5304:November 7, 2006. 5137:January 17, 2006. 5081:on April 1, 2011. 4954:Murphy, Barbara. 4628:(July 30, 2010). 3556:The Vancouver Sun 3536:Meynell, Robert. 3308:. August 23, 2011 3080:978-1-55263-688-6 3049:978-1-55263-577-3 3014:978-0-14-028888-9 2976:Queen Street East 2889: 2888: 2515:Votes for Layton 2495: 2494: 2311:Electoral history 2225:, Prime Minister 2128:Illness and death 2027:Layton first met 1956:Maurice Duplessis 1799:Giorgio Mammoliti 1727:Michael Ignatieff 1612:community in 2010 1583:leadership review 1556:Michael Ignatieff 1501:social-networking 1197:Adrienne Clarkson 1161:Gomery Commission 1045:Canadian Alliance 995:Leader of the NDP 956:in the riding of 850:in a ceremony on 777:adjunct professor 693:political science 681:McGill University 650:Maurice Duplessis 557:Gomery Commission 496:until his death. 454: 453: 403:McGill University 109:Michael Ignatieff 11764: 11557: 11549: 11548: 11547: 11540: 11532: 11531: 11530: 11523: 11515: 11514: 11513: 11503: 11487: 11486: 11475: 11474: 11473: 11463: 11462: 11461: 11454: 11411: 11408:House of Commons 11362:Marxist–Leninist 11232:Liberal minority 11226:Liberal majority 11207: 11200: 11193: 11184: 11183: 11121: 11118:House of Commons 11104:(Tracy Parsons, 11076:Marxist–Leninist 10922:Liberal minority 10903: 10896: 10889: 10880: 10879: 10827: 10824:House of Commons 10812:Sinclair Stevens 10786:Marxist–Leninist 10621: 10614: 10607: 10598: 10597: 10530: 10527:House of Commons 10483:(Anna Di Carlo, 10481:Marxist–Leninist 10322: 10315: 10308: 10299: 10298: 10285: 10284: 10283: 10273: 10272: 10271: 10250:Pierre Poilievre 10199:Humboldt Broncos 10125:Russell Williams 9985:Jacques Parizeau 9815:John Diefenbaker 9755:John Diefenbaker 9667: 9660: 9653: 9644: 9643: 9543:British Columbia 9494:Regina Manifesto 9457:Socialist Caucus 9369:Nova Scotia 2022 9267: 9266: 9263:Provincial level 9066: 9065: 9056: 8957:British Columbia 8926: 8925: 8908: 8901: 8894: 8885: 8884: 8560: 8553: 8546: 8537: 8536: 8524: 8523: 8514: 8491:Preceded by 8459:Preceded by 8374:Preceded by 8343:Preceded by 8306:Preceded by 8275:Preceded by 8253:Toronto—Danforth 8239:Preceded by 8229: 8228: 8204: 8203: 8201: 8199: 8188: 8182: 8181: 8179: 8177: 8168:. Archived from 8162: 8156: 8155: 8153: 8151: 8140: 8134: 8133: 8131: 8129: 8114: 8108: 8107: 8105: 8103: 8094:. Archived from 8088: 8082: 8081: 8079: 8077: 8072:on April 2, 2015 8068:. Archived from 8062: 8056: 8055: 8053: 8051: 8036: 8030: 8029: 8027: 8025: 8010: 8004: 8003: 8001: 7999: 7984: 7975: 7974: 7972: 7970: 7955: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7944: 7929: 7923: 7922: 7920: 7918: 7902: 7896: 7895: 7893: 7891: 7875: 7869: 7868: 7866: 7864: 7849: 7843: 7842: 7840: 7838: 7820: 7814: 7813: 7811: 7809: 7791: 7785: 7784: 7782: 7780: 7766: 7760: 7759: 7757: 7755: 7737: 7731: 7730: 7728: 7726: 7709: 7703: 7702: 7700: 7698: 7683: 7677: 7676: 7674: 7672: 7660: 7654: 7653: 7640: 7634: 7633: 7631: 7629: 7620:. Archived from 7609: 7603: 7602: 7600: 7598: 7583: 7577: 7576: 7574: 7572: 7557: 7551: 7550: 7548: 7546: 7528: 7522: 7521: 7519: 7517: 7502: 7496: 7495: 7493: 7491: 7476: 7470: 7469: 7468: 7466: 7453: 7444: 7443: 7441: 7439: 7420: 7414: 7413: 7411: 7409: 7383: 7377: 7376: 7374: 7372: 7363:. Archived from 7361:The Toronto Star 7352: 7346: 7345: 7343: 7341: 7321: 7315: 7314: 7312: 7310: 7299:The Toronto Star 7290: 7284: 7283: 7281: 7279: 7264: 7258: 7249: 7243: 7242: 7226: 7217: 7216: 7214: 7212: 7194: 7188: 7187: 7185: 7183: 7166: 7160: 7159: 7157: 7155: 7138: 7132: 7131: 7129: 7127: 7110: 7104: 7103: 7101: 7099: 7082: 7069: 7068: 7066: 7064: 7053: 7047: 7046: 7044: 7042: 7025: 7019: 7018: 7016: 7014: 7008:Montreal Gazette 6999: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6988: 6973: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6962: 6947: 6941: 6940: 6938: 6936: 6916: 6910: 6909: 6907: 6905: 6890: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6879: 6864: 6858: 6857: 6855: 6853: 6844:. Archived from 6833: 6827: 6826: 6824: 6822: 6817:. April 29, 2011 6805: 6796: 6795: 6793: 6791: 6780: 6774: 6773: 6771: 6769: 6758: 6752: 6751: 6749: 6747: 6731: 6725: 6724: 6722: 6720: 6703: 6697: 6696: 6690: 6682: 6680: 6678: 6666: 6660: 6659: 6657: 6655: 6639: 6633: 6632: 6630: 6628: 6613: 6607: 6606: 6604: 6602: 6586: 6580: 6579: 6577: 6575: 6556: 6550: 6549: 6547: 6545: 6540: 6528: 6522: 6521: 6519: 6517: 6502: 6496: 6495: 6493: 6491: 6480: 6474: 6473: 6471: 6469: 6454: 6448: 6447: 6445: 6443: 6438:on March 4, 2016 6427: 6421: 6420: 6418: 6416: 6401: 6395: 6394: 6392: 6390: 6378: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6367: 6356: 6350: 6338: 6332: 6320: 6314: 6295: 6289: 6278: 6272: 6261: 6255: 6237: 6231: 6230: 6228: 6226: 6211: 6205: 6204: 6202: 6200: 6185: 6179: 6178: 6176: 6174: 6156: 6150: 6149: 6147: 6145: 6130: 6124: 6123: 6121: 6119: 6114:. April 16, 2011 6104: 6098: 6089: 6083: 6074: 6068: 6059: 6053: 6044: 6038: 6029: 6023: 6014: 6008: 5995: 5989: 5979: 5973: 5961: 5955: 5943: 5937: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5920:Wiebe, Lindsey. 5917: 5911: 5910: 5908: 5906: 5889: 5883: 5882: 5880: 5878: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5837: 5831: 5830: 5828: 5826: 5808: 5802: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5782: 5776: 5775: 5773: 5771: 5760: 5754: 5748: 5742: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5715: 5709: 5708: 5706: 5704: 5682: 5676: 5670: 5664: 5654: 5648: 5647: 5645: 5643: 5625: 5619: 5618: 5616: 5614: 5595: 5589: 5588: 5586: 5584: 5569: 5563: 5562: 5560: 5558: 5541: 5535: 5528: 5522: 5521: 5519: 5517: 5495: 5489: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5470: 5464: 5463: 5461: 5459: 5448: 5442: 5429: 5423: 5422: 5420: 5418: 5403: 5397: 5396: 5394: 5392: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5360:The Toronto Star 5351: 5345: 5339: 5333: 5320: 5314: 5311: 5305: 5292: 5286: 5285: 5274: 5268: 5267: 5260: 5254: 5251: 5245: 5244: 5242: 5240: 5229:The Toronto Star 5220: 5211: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5195:The Toronto Star 5187: 5181: 5180: 5178: 5176: 5165:The Toronto Star 5156: 5150: 5144: 5138: 5132: 5126: 5120: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5092: 5083: 5082: 5074:Montreal Gazette 5065: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5047: 5030: 5024: 5023: 5012: 5006: 5000: 4994: 4987: 4981: 4974: 4968: 4965: 4959: 4952: 4946: 4943:Times – Colonist 4939: 4933: 4926: 4920: 4913: 4907: 4900: 4894: 4887: 4881: 4874: 4868: 4861: 4855: 4854: 4848: 4846: 4828: 4822: 4821: 4815: 4813: 4792: 4786: 4785: 4779: 4777: 4759: 4753: 4752: 4746: 4744: 4726: 4720: 4719: 4713: 4711: 4690: 4684: 4683: 4677: 4675: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4644: 4642: 4622: 4616: 4615: 4609: 4607: 4589: 4583: 4582: 4576: 4574: 4556: 4550: 4549: 4543: 4541: 4523: 4517: 4516: 4510: 4508: 4490: 4484: 4483: 4477: 4475: 4457: 4451: 4450: 4444: 4442: 4424: 4418: 4417: 4411: 4409: 4391: 4385: 4384: 4378: 4376: 4358: 4352: 4351: 4345: 4343: 4325: 4319: 4318: 4312: 4310: 4292: 4286: 4285: 4279: 4277: 4259: 4253: 4252: 4246: 4244: 4226: 4220: 4219: 4213: 4211: 4193: 4187: 4186: 4180: 4178: 4160: 4154: 4153: 4147: 4145: 4128: 4122: 4121: 4119: 4117: 4112:on April 3, 2012 4101: 4095: 4094: 4088: 4086: 4068: 4062: 4061: 4055: 4053: 4035: 4029: 4028: 4022: 4020: 4003: 3997: 3996: 3990: 3988: 3970: 3964: 3963: 3957: 3955: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3924: 3922: 3904: 3898: 3897: 3891: 3889: 3871: 3865: 3864: 3858: 3856: 3839: 3833: 3832: 3826: 3824: 3807: 3801: 3800: 3798: 3796: 3780: 3774: 3773: 3771: 3769: 3752: 3746: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3724: 3718: 3717: 3715: 3713: 3708:. 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Macpherson 685:Bachelor of Arts 627: 591:mayor of Toronto 540:balance of power 490:Toronto—Danforth 467: 446: 337: 335: 315: 313: 309: 262: 241: 239: 223:Personal details 208: 196: 187: 177:Toronto—Danforth 160: 148: 139: 117: 105: 93: 74: 51: 41: 21: 20: 11772: 11771: 11767: 11766: 11765: 11763: 11762: 11761: 11562: 11561: 11560: 11550: 11545: 11543: 11533: 11528: 11526: 11516: 11511: 11509: 11506: 11502:sister projects 11499:at Knowledge's 11493: 11481: 11471: 11469: 11459: 11457: 11449: 11447: 11442: 11441: 11436: 11427:Opinion polling 11413: 11402: 11392:Ernie Schreiber 11285:Miguel Figueroa 11257:Canadian Action 11236: 11216: 11211: 11181: 11176: 11147:Opinion polling 11123: 11112: 10985:Miguel Figueroa 10957:Canadian Action 10932: 10912: 10907: 10877: 10872: 10853:Opinion polling 10829: 10818: 10788:(Anna Di Carlo) 10764:(Dennis Young, 10699:Miguel Figueroa 10675:Canadian Action 10650: 10630: 10625: 10595: 10590: 10575:by constituency 10571:Opinion polling 10532: 10521: 10473:(Dennis Young, 10408:Miguel Figueroa 10360:Animal Alliance 10351: 10331: 10326: 10296: 10291: 10281: 10279: 10269: 10267: 10259: 10165:Patrice Vincent 10015:Sheldon Kennedy 9995:Lucien Bouchard 9676: 9671: 9641: 9636: 9511: 9468: 9433: 9429:44th Parliament 9424:43rd Parliament 9419:42nd Parliament 9414:41st Parliament 9409:40th Parliament 9404:39th Parliament 9397:Shadow cabinets 9388: 9336: 9330: 9270:Current leaders 9254: 9192: 9186: 9133: 9057: 9044: 9001: 8940: 8917: 8912: 8882: 8877: 8569: 8564: 8529: 8517: 8513: 8504: 8496: 8494:Alexa McDonough 8481: 8472: 8464: 8454: 8445: 8442:City of Toronto 8439: 8436:City Councillor 8418: 8415:City of Toronto 8412: 8409:City Councillor 8391: 8379: 8377:Roger Hollander 8369: 8360: 8357:City of Toronto 8353:City Councillor 8348: 8332: 8323: 8320:City of Toronto 8316:City Councillor 8311: 8301: 8292: 8289:City of Toronto 8285:City Councillor 8280: 8265: 8256: 8244: 8212: 8207: 8197: 8195: 8190: 8189: 8185: 8175: 8173: 8164: 8163: 8159: 8149: 8147: 8142: 8141: 8137: 8127: 8125: 8124:. June 23, 2012 8116: 8115: 8111: 8101: 8099: 8090: 8089: 8085: 8075: 8073: 8064: 8063: 8059: 8049: 8047: 8037: 8033: 8023: 8021: 8012: 8011: 8007: 7997: 7995: 7986: 7985: 7978: 7968: 7966: 7956: 7952: 7942: 7940: 7931: 7930: 7926: 7916: 7914: 7903: 7899: 7889: 7887: 7876: 7872: 7862: 7860: 7857:Digital Journal 7851: 7850: 7846: 7836: 7834: 7821: 7817: 7807: 7805: 7792: 7788: 7778: 7776: 7768: 7767: 7763: 7753: 7751: 7738: 7734: 7724: 7722: 7710: 7706: 7696: 7694: 7685: 7684: 7680: 7670: 7668: 7661: 7657: 7642: 7641: 7637: 7627: 7625: 7610: 7606: 7596: 7594: 7585: 7584: 7580: 7570: 7568: 7558: 7554: 7544: 7542: 7529: 7525: 7515: 7513: 7504: 7503: 7499: 7489: 7487: 7478: 7477: 7473: 7464: 7462: 7454: 7447: 7437: 7435: 7422: 7421: 7417: 7407: 7405: 7384: 7380: 7370: 7368: 7353: 7349: 7339: 7337: 7322: 7318: 7308: 7306: 7291: 7287: 7277: 7275: 7274:. July 27, 2022 7266: 7265: 7261: 7250: 7246: 7227: 7220: 7210: 7208: 7195: 7191: 7181: 7179: 7168: 7167: 7163: 7153: 7151: 7140: 7139: 7135: 7125: 7123: 7111: 7107: 7097: 7095: 7084: 7083: 7072: 7062: 7060: 7055: 7054: 7050: 7040: 7038: 7026: 7022: 7012: 7010: 7000: 6996: 6986: 6984: 6974: 6970: 6960: 6958: 6949: 6948: 6944: 6934: 6932: 6917: 6913: 6903: 6901: 6891: 6887: 6877: 6875: 6866: 6865: 6861: 6851: 6849: 6834: 6830: 6820: 6818: 6807: 6806: 6799: 6789: 6787: 6782: 6781: 6777: 6767: 6765: 6760: 6759: 6755: 6745: 6743: 6732: 6728: 6718: 6716: 6705: 6704: 6700: 6684: 6683: 6676: 6674: 6667: 6663: 6653: 6651: 6640: 6636: 6626: 6624: 6614: 6610: 6600: 6598: 6587: 6583: 6573: 6571: 6558: 6557: 6553: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6529: 6525: 6515: 6513: 6503: 6499: 6489: 6487: 6482: 6481: 6477: 6467: 6465: 6456: 6455: 6451: 6441: 6439: 6428: 6424: 6414: 6412: 6403: 6402: 6398: 6388: 6386: 6379: 6375: 6365: 6363: 6358: 6357: 6353: 6339: 6335: 6321: 6317: 6305:Wayback Machine 6296: 6292: 6279: 6275: 6262: 6258: 6238: 6234: 6224: 6222: 6212: 6208: 6198: 6196: 6186: 6182: 6172: 6170: 6157: 6153: 6143: 6141: 6131: 6127: 6117: 6115: 6106: 6105: 6101: 6090: 6086: 6075: 6071: 6060: 6056: 6045: 6041: 6030: 6026: 6015: 6011: 6005:Wayback Machine 5996: 5992: 5980: 5976: 5962: 5958: 5944: 5940: 5930: 5928: 5918: 5914: 5904: 5902: 5891: 5890: 5886: 5876: 5874: 5864: 5860: 5850: 5848: 5839: 5838: 5834: 5824: 5822: 5809: 5805: 5795: 5793: 5783: 5779: 5769: 5767: 5762: 5761: 5757: 5749: 5745: 5735: 5733: 5716: 5712: 5702: 5700: 5683: 5679: 5671: 5667: 5655: 5651: 5641: 5639: 5626: 5622: 5612: 5610: 5597: 5596: 5592: 5582: 5580: 5571: 5570: 5566: 5556: 5554: 5543: 5542: 5538: 5529: 5525: 5515: 5513: 5496: 5492: 5482: 5480: 5472: 5471: 5467: 5457: 5455: 5450: 5449: 5445: 5440:Wayback Machine 5430: 5426: 5416: 5414: 5405: 5404: 5400: 5390: 5388: 5379: 5378: 5374: 5364: 5362: 5352: 5348: 5340: 5336: 5330:Wayback Machine 5321: 5317: 5312: 5308: 5302:Wayback Machine 5293: 5289: 5276: 5275: 5271: 5262: 5261: 5257: 5252: 5248: 5238: 5236: 5221: 5214: 5204: 5202: 5188: 5184: 5174: 5172: 5157: 5153: 5145: 5141: 5133: 5129: 5121: 5117: 5107: 5105: 5093: 5086: 5067: 5066: 5055: 5045: 5043: 5031: 5027: 5014: 5013: 5009: 5001: 4997: 4988: 4984: 4975: 4971: 4966: 4962: 4953: 4949: 4940: 4936: 4927: 4923: 4914: 4910: 4901: 4897: 4888: 4884: 4875: 4871: 4862: 4858: 4844: 4842: 4829: 4825: 4811: 4809: 4794: 4793: 4789: 4775: 4773: 4760: 4756: 4742: 4740: 4727: 4723: 4709: 4707: 4692: 4691: 4687: 4673: 4671: 4658: 4654: 4640: 4638: 4623: 4619: 4605: 4603: 4590: 4586: 4572: 4570: 4557: 4553: 4539: 4537: 4524: 4520: 4506: 4504: 4491: 4487: 4473: 4471: 4458: 4454: 4440: 4438: 4425: 4421: 4407: 4405: 4392: 4388: 4374: 4372: 4359: 4355: 4341: 4339: 4326: 4322: 4308: 4306: 4293: 4289: 4275: 4273: 4260: 4256: 4242: 4240: 4227: 4223: 4209: 4207: 4194: 4190: 4176: 4174: 4161: 4157: 4143: 4141: 4130: 4129: 4125: 4115: 4113: 4102: 4098: 4084: 4082: 4069: 4065: 4051: 4049: 4036: 4032: 4018: 4016: 4005: 4004: 4000: 3986: 3984: 3971: 3967: 3953: 3951: 3938: 3934: 3920: 3918: 3905: 3901: 3887: 3885: 3872: 3868: 3854: 3852: 3840: 3836: 3822: 3820: 3808: 3804: 3794: 3792: 3782: 3781: 3777: 3767: 3765: 3753: 3749: 3739: 3737: 3734:York University 3725: 3721: 3711: 3709: 3698: 3697: 3693: 3683: 3681: 3680:. July 25, 2011 3670: 3669: 3665: 3655: 3653: 3642: 3641: 3634: 3624: 3622: 3610: 3606: 3596: 3594: 3579: 3572: 3562: 3560: 3549: 3548: 3544: 3535: 3531: 3521: 3519: 3506: 3499: 3489: 3487: 3475: 3468: 3458: 3456: 3441: 3440: 3436: 3426: 3424: 3412: 3408: 3398: 3396: 3384: 3380: 3370: 3368: 3357: 3356: 3352: 3342: 3340: 3329: 3328: 3321: 3311: 3309: 3298: 3297: 3293: 3283: 3281: 3270: 3269: 3265: 3255: 3253: 3250:The Independent 3241: 3232: 3222: 3220: 3210: 3209: 3198: 3179: 3175: 3165: 3163: 3155:City of Toronto 3148: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3134: 3133: 3128: 3124: 3119: 3118: 3113: 3109: 3104: 3081: 3050: 3015: 2995: 2894: 2481: 2478: 2452: 2449: 2423: 2420: 2394: 2391: 2319: 2313: 2279: 2255:Wilfrid Laurier 2215:Parliament Hill 2170:prostate cancer 2154: 2150: 2136: 2130: 1972:federal Cabinet 1952:Union Nationale 1913:William Steeves 1893: 1887: 1787:massage parlour 1723:leaders debates 1673: 1667: 1524: 1518: 1447:Hillary Clinton 1401: 1338:Canadian Forces 1334:Preston Manning 1314: 1230: 1177: 1126: 1094:Alexa McDonough 1063: 1057: 997: 793: 761:York University 662:student council 646:Union Nationale 634:William Steeves 611: 459: 426: 413:York University 378: 359: 340: 339: 336: 1988) 331: 327: 317: 314: 1983) 305: 301: 298: 277:Political party 264: 260: 259:August 22, 2011 243: 237: 235: 234: 233: 206: 194: 188: 183: 174: 158: 152:Alexa McDonough 146: 140: 135: 115: 103: 91: 75: 70: 54: 42: 33: 31: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 11770: 11760: 11759: 11754: 11749: 11744: 11739: 11734: 11729: 11724: 11719: 11714: 11709: 11704: 11699: 11694: 11689: 11684: 11679: 11674: 11669: 11664: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11629: 11624: 11619: 11614: 11609: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11584: 11579: 11574: 11559: 11558: 11556:from Wikiquote 11541: 11524: 11495: 11492: 11491: 11479: 11467: 11444: 11443: 11438: 11437: 11435: 11434: 11429: 11424: 11418: 11415: 11414: 11400: 11399: 11385: 11369: 11359: 11345: 11329: 11322: 11308: 11300:Stephen Harper 11292: 11278: 11268: 11254: 11250:Gilles Duceppe 11246:Bloc Québécois 11241: 11238: 11237: 11235: 11234: 11228: 11221: 11218: 11217: 11210: 11209: 11202: 11195: 11187: 11178: 11177: 11175: 11174: 11169: 11164: 11162:Target ridings 11159: 11154: 11149: 11144: 11139: 11134: 11128: 11125: 11124: 11110: 11109: 11099: 11083: 11073: 11059: 11045: 11029: 11022: 11008: 11000:Stephen Harper 10992: 10978: 10968: 10954: 10946:Gilles Duceppe 10942:Bloc Québécois 10937: 10934: 10933: 10931: 10930: 10924: 10917: 10914: 10913: 10906: 10905: 10898: 10891: 10883: 10874: 10873: 10871: 10870: 10865: 10860: 10855: 10850: 10845: 10840: 10834: 10831: 10830: 10816: 10815: 10805: 10789: 10783: 10769: 10759: 10743: 10736: 10722: 10714:Stephen Harper 10706: 10692: 10682: 10672: 10664:Gilles Duceppe 10660:Bloc Québécois 10655: 10652: 10651: 10649: 10648: 10642: 10635: 10632: 10631: 10624: 10623: 10616: 10609: 10601: 10592: 10591: 10589: 10588: 10583: 10578: 10568: 10563: 10561:Marginal seats 10558: 10553: 10548: 10543: 10537: 10534: 10533: 10519: 10518: 10511:François Gourd 10504: 10488: 10478: 10468: 10452: 10447: 10431: 10423:Stephen Harper 10415: 10401: 10387: 10379:Gilles Duceppe 10375:Bloc Québécois 10371: 10356: 10353: 10352: 10350: 10349: 10343: 10336: 10333: 10332: 10325: 10324: 10317: 10310: 10302: 10293: 10292: 10290: 10289: 10277: 10264: 10261: 10260: 10258: 10257: 10256: 10255: 10247: 10246: 10245: 10237: 10236: 10235: 10227: 10226: 10225: 10216: 10215: 10214: 10206: 10205: 10204: 10196: 10195: 10194: 10186: 10185: 10184: 10179:Justin Trudeau 10176: 10175: 10174: 10169:Nathan Cirillo 10162: 10161: 10160: 10152: 10151: 10150: 10142: 10141: 10140: 10132: 10131: 10130: 10122: 10121: 10120: 10115:Stephen Harper 10112: 10111: 10110: 10102: 10101: 10100: 10092: 10091: 10090: 10082: 10081: 10080: 10072: 10071: 10070: 10062: 10061: 10060: 10052: 10051: 10050: 10045:Pierre Trudeau 10042: 10041: 10040: 10035:Pierre Trudeau 10032: 10031: 10030: 10022: 10021: 10020: 10012: 10011: 10010: 10005:Donovan Bailey 10002: 10001: 10000: 9992: 9991: 9990: 9982: 9981: 9980: 9972: 9971: 9970: 9962: 9961: 9960: 9955:Brian Mulroney 9952: 9951: 9950: 9942: 9941: 9940: 9935:Michael Wilson 9932: 9931: 9930: 9922: 9921: 9920: 9912: 9911: 9910: 9902: 9901: 9900: 9895:Brian Mulroney 9892: 9891: 9890: 9882: 9881: 9880: 9872: 9871: 9870: 9862: 9861: 9860: 9855:Pierre Trudeau 9852: 9851: 9850: 9842: 9841: 9840: 9835:Pierre Trudeau 9832: 9831: 9830: 9822: 9821: 9820: 9812: 9811: 9810: 9802: 9801: 9800: 9792: 9791: 9790: 9782: 9781: 9780: 9772: 9771: 9770: 9765:Joey Smallwood 9762: 9761: 9760: 9752: 9751: 9750: 9742: 9741: 9740: 9732: 9731: 9730: 9722: 9721: 9720: 9712: 9711: 9710: 9702: 9701: 9700: 9692: 9691: 9690: 9681: 9678: 9677: 9670: 9669: 9662: 9655: 9647: 9638: 9637: 9635: 9634: 9629: 9627:Leap Manifesto 9624: 9623: 9622: 9617: 9607: 9602: 9597: 9592: 9590:United Farmers 9587: 9582: 9577: 9572: 9571: 9570: 9565: 9560: 9555: 9550: 9545: 9540: 9530: 9525: 9519: 9517: 9513: 9512: 9510: 9509: 9503: 9497: 9491: 9484: 9476: 9474: 9470: 9469: 9467: 9466: 9460: 9459:(1998–present) 9454: 9448: 9441: 9439: 9435: 9434: 9432: 9431: 9426: 9421: 9416: 9411: 9406: 9400: 9398: 9394: 9393: 9390: 9389: 9387: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9340: 9338: 9332: 9331: 9329: 9328: 9323: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9301: 9296: 9289: 9284: 9279: 9273: 9271: 9264: 9260: 9259: 9256: 9255: 9253: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9237: 9232: 9227: 9222: 9217: 9212: 9207: 9202: 9196: 9194: 9188: 9187: 9185: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9154: 9149: 9143: 9141: 9135: 9134: 9132: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9085: 9079: 9072: 9070: 9063: 9059: 9058: 9051: 9049: 9046: 9045: 9043: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9031: 9030: 9025: 9020: 9009: 9007: 9003: 9002: 9000: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8964: 8959: 8954: 8948: 8946: 8942: 8941: 8939: 8938: 8932: 8930: 8923: 8919: 8918: 8911: 8910: 8903: 8896: 8888: 8879: 8878: 8876: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8825: 8820: 8815: 8810: 8805: 8800: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8770: 8765: 8760: 8755: 8750: 8745: 8740: 8735: 8730: 8725: 8720: 8715: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8680: 8675: 8670: 8665: 8660: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8590: 8585: 8580: 8574: 8571: 8570: 8563: 8562: 8555: 8548: 8540: 8534: 8531: 8530: 8519: 8518: 8509: 8506: 8497: 8492: 8488: 8487: 8483: 8482: 8477: 8474: 8465: 8460: 8456: 8455: 8452:Paula Fletcher 8450: 8447: 8432: 8426: 8425: 8420: 8405: 8399: 8398: 8393: 8380: 8375: 8371: 8370: 8365: 8362: 8349: 8344: 8340: 8339: 8334: 8312: 8307: 8303: 8302: 8297: 8294: 8281: 8276: 8272: 8271: 8267: 8266: 8261: 8258: 8245: 8240: 8236: 8235: 8227: 8226: 8221: 8219: 8211: 8210:External links 8208: 8206: 8205: 8183: 8172:on May 2, 2016 8157: 8135: 8109: 8083: 8057: 8031: 8005: 7976: 7964:CBC Television 7950: 7924: 7897: 7870: 7844: 7815: 7786: 7761: 7732: 7704: 7678: 7655: 7635: 7604: 7578: 7552: 7523: 7497: 7471: 7445: 7415: 7378: 7347: 7316: 7285: 7259: 7244: 7218: 7189: 7175:Ottawa Journal 7161: 7133: 7105: 7070: 7048: 7020: 6994: 6968: 6942: 6931:on May 3, 2011 6911: 6885: 6859: 6848:on May 3, 2011 6828: 6797: 6775: 6753: 6726: 6698: 6661: 6634: 6608: 6597:on May 3, 2011 6581: 6570:on May 2, 2011 6551: 6534:(April 2011). 6523: 6497: 6475: 6449: 6422: 6396: 6373: 6351: 6333: 6331:, May 7, 2011. 6315: 6290: 6273: 6256: 6232: 6206: 6180: 6151: 6125: 6099: 6084: 6069: 6054: 6039: 6024: 6009: 5990: 5974: 5956: 5938: 5912: 5884: 5858: 5832: 5803: 5777: 5755: 5743: 5710: 5677: 5665: 5649: 5620: 5609:on May 5, 2010 5590: 5564: 5536: 5523: 5490: 5465: 5443: 5424: 5398: 5372: 5346: 5334: 5315: 5306: 5287: 5269: 5255: 5246: 5212: 5182: 5151: 5139: 5127: 5115: 5084: 5053: 5025: 5007: 4995: 4982: 4978:Star – Phoenix 4969: 4960: 4947: 4934: 4930:Calgary Herald 4921: 4908: 4895: 4882: 4869: 4856: 4823: 4818:Newspapers.com 4801:Times Colonist 4787: 4782:Newspapers.com 4754: 4721: 4716:Newspapers.com 4685: 4652: 4626:Caplan, Gerald 4617: 4584: 4551: 4518: 4485: 4452: 4419: 4386: 4353: 4320: 4287: 4254: 4221: 4216:Newspapers.com 4188: 4183:Newspapers.com 4155: 4123: 4096: 4063: 4030: 3998: 3965: 3932: 3899: 3866: 3834: 3802: 3775: 3747: 3719: 3691: 3663: 3632: 3604: 3582:Valpy, Michael 3570: 3542: 3529: 3497: 3466: 3434: 3406: 3378: 3350: 3319: 3291: 3263: 3230: 3196: 3185:. p. A6. 3173: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3131: 3121: 3120: 3117: 3116: 3106: 3105: 3103: 3100: 3099: 3098: 3079: 3062: 3048: 3027: 3013: 2994: 2993:Selected works 2991: 2990: 2989: 2982: 2979: 2972: 2968: 2961: 2954:Hudson, Quebec 2950: 2943: 2937: 2918: 2915:tandem bicycle 2893: 2890: 2887: 2886: 2883: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2856: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2811: 2808: 2802: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2776: 2773: 2767: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2745: 2737: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2707: 2706: 2703: 2700: 2697: 2694: 2691: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2674: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2653:New Democratic 2650: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2634: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2607: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2580: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2564: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2542: 2541: 2536: 2530: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2493: 2492: 2489: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2460: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2431: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2402: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2377:New Democratic 2374: 2372: 2369: 2363: 2362: 2359: 2356: 2351: 2348: 2344: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2331: 2328: 2315:Main article: 2312: 2309: 2305:CBC Television 2278: 2275: 2267:Hudson, Quebec 2263:Toronto Island 2239:David Jacobson 2227:Stephen Harper 2223:David Johnston 2182:thyroid cancer 2137: 2132:Main article: 2129: 2126: 1976:Brian Mulroney 1941:lying in state 1937:Dominion March 1889:Main article: 1886: 1883: 1879:Phil Edmonston 1875:Thomas Mulcair 1812:Gilles Duceppe 1808:Bloc Québécois 1804:smear campaign 1716:Allan Blakeney 1666: 1663: 1629:CBC Television 1616:Layton's son, 1610:Canadian Tamil 1541:Michaëlle Jean 1520:Main article: 1517: 1514: 1489:net neutrality 1443:working people 1400: 1397: 1313: 1310: 1301:Gurmant Grewal 1276:had asked the 1229: 1226: 1189:Gilles Duceppe 1185:Bloc Québécois 1176: 1173: 1154:Gilles Duceppe 1125: 1122: 1117:Bloc Québécois 1072:Ottawa Citizen 1056: 1053: 1034:Pierre Ducasse 1029:Prime Minister 1017:Pierre Ducasse 996: 993: 938:Paul Henderson 792: 789: 765:Master of Arts 757:October Crisis 705:Charles Taylor 648:under Premier 642:Gilbert Layton 610: 607: 565:2008 elections 552:Liberal budget 529:the convention 505:Hudson, Quebec 452: 451: 448: 447: 440: 436: 435: 432: 428: 427: 425: 424: 410: 399: 397: 391: 390: 387:Gilbert Layton 384: 380: 379: 377: 376: 373: 367: 365: 361: 360: 358: 357: 354: 348: 346: 342: 341: 329: 323: 322: 321: 320: 303: 299: 296: 295: 294: 293: 290: 288: 284: 283: 281:New Democratic 278: 274: 273: 263:(aged 61) 257: 253: 252: 231: 229: 225: 224: 220: 219: 216: 215: 209: 203: 202: 197: 191: 190: 180: 179: 168: 167: 161: 155: 154: 149: 143: 142: 132: 131: 127:Leader of the 124: 123: 118: 112: 111: 106: 100: 99: 97:Stephen Harper 94: 92:Prime Minister 88: 87: 82: 78: 77: 67: 66: 60: 59: 56: 55: 53:Layton in 2008 52: 44: 43: 32: 29: 26:The Honourable 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11769: 11758: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11720: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11700: 11698: 11695: 11693: 11690: 11688: 11685: 11683: 11680: 11678: 11675: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11667:Layton family 11665: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11610: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11580: 11578: 11575: 11573: 11570: 11569: 11567: 11555: 11554: 11542: 11539:from Wikinews 11538: 11537: 11525: 11521: 11520: 11508: 11507: 11504: 11498: 11490: 11485: 11480: 11478: 11468: 11466: 11456: 11455: 11452: 11433: 11430: 11428: 11425: 11423: 11420: 11419: 11416: 11412: 11409: 11405: 11397: 11393: 11389: 11386: 11384: 11382: 11378: 11374: 11373:New Democrats 11370: 11367: 11363: 11360: 11357: 11353: 11349: 11346: 11344: 11342: 11338: 11334: 11330: 11328: 11327: 11323: 11320: 11316: 11312: 11309: 11307: 11305: 11301: 11297: 11293: 11290: 11286: 11282: 11279: 11276: 11272: 11269: 11266: 11262: 11258: 11255: 11253: 11251: 11247: 11243: 11242: 11239: 11233: 11229: 11227: 11223: 11222: 11219: 11215: 11208: 11203: 11201: 11196: 11194: 11189: 11188: 11185: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11160: 11158: 11155: 11153: 11150: 11148: 11145: 11143: 11140: 11138: 11135: 11133: 11130: 11129: 11126: 11122: 11119: 11115: 11107: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11096: 11092: 11088: 11087:New Democrats 11084: 11081: 11077: 11074: 11071: 11067: 11066:Blair Longley 11063: 11060: 11057: 11053: 11049: 11046: 11044: 11042: 11038: 11034: 11030: 11028: 11027: 11023: 11020: 11016: 11012: 11009: 11007: 11005: 11001: 10997: 10993: 10990: 10986: 10982: 10979: 10976: 10972: 10969: 10966: 10962: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10951: 10947: 10943: 10939: 10938: 10935: 10929: 10925: 10923: 10919: 10918: 10915: 10911: 10904: 10899: 10897: 10892: 10890: 10885: 10884: 10881: 10869: 10866: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10856: 10854: 10851: 10849: 10846: 10844: 10841: 10839: 10836: 10835: 10832: 10828: 10825: 10821: 10813: 10809: 10806: 10804: 10802: 10798: 10794: 10793:New Democrats 10790: 10787: 10784: 10781: 10777: 10776:Blair Longley 10773: 10770: 10767: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10756: 10752: 10751:Stéphane Dion 10748: 10744: 10742: 10741: 10737: 10734: 10730: 10729:Elizabeth May 10726: 10723: 10721: 10719: 10715: 10711: 10707: 10704: 10700: 10696: 10693: 10690: 10686: 10683: 10680: 10676: 10673: 10671: 10669: 10665: 10661: 10657: 10656: 10653: 10647: 10643: 10641: 10637: 10636: 10633: 10629: 10622: 10617: 10615: 10610: 10608: 10603: 10602: 10599: 10587: 10584: 10582: 10581:Controversies 10579: 10576: 10572: 10569: 10567: 10564: 10562: 10559: 10557: 10554: 10552: 10549: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10539: 10538: 10535: 10531: 10528: 10524: 10516: 10512: 10508: 10505: 10503: 10501: 10497: 10493: 10492:New Democrats 10489: 10486: 10482: 10479: 10476: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10465: 10461: 10457: 10453: 10451: 10448: 10446: 10444: 10440: 10439:Elizabeth May 10436: 10432: 10430: 10428: 10424: 10420: 10416: 10413: 10409: 10405: 10402: 10399: 10395: 10394:James Hnatiuk 10391: 10388: 10386: 10384: 10380: 10376: 10372: 10369: 10365: 10361: 10358: 10357: 10354: 10348: 10344: 10342: 10338: 10337: 10334: 10330: 10323: 10318: 10316: 10311: 10309: 10304: 10303: 10300: 10288: 10278: 10276: 10266: 10265: 10262: 10253: 10252: 10251: 10248: 10243: 10242: 10241: 10238: 10233: 10232: 10231: 10228: 10223: 10222: 10221: 10217: 10212: 10211: 10210: 10207: 10202: 10201: 10200: 10197: 10192: 10191: 10190: 10187: 10182: 10181: 10180: 10177: 10172: 10171: 10170: 10166: 10163: 10158: 10157: 10156: 10153: 10148: 10147: 10146: 10145:Luka Magnotta 10143: 10138: 10137: 10136: 10133: 10128: 10127: 10126: 10123: 10118: 10117: 10116: 10113: 10108: 10107: 10106: 10103: 10098: 10097: 10096: 10093: 10088: 10087: 10086: 10083: 10078: 10077: 10076: 10073: 10068: 10067: 10066: 10065:Jean Chrétien 10063: 10058: 10057: 10056: 10055:Stockwell Day 10053: 10048: 10047: 10046: 10043: 10038: 10037: 10036: 10033: 10028: 10027: 10026: 10025:Jean Chrétien 10023: 10018: 10017: 10016: 10013: 10008: 10007: 10006: 10003: 9998: 9997: 9996: 9993: 9988: 9987: 9986: 9983: 9978: 9977: 9976: 9973: 9968: 9967: 9966: 9963: 9958: 9957: 9956: 9953: 9948: 9947: 9946: 9945:Elijah Harper 9943: 9938: 9937: 9936: 9933: 9928: 9927: 9926: 9923: 9918: 9917: 9916: 9913: 9908: 9907: 9906: 9903: 9898: 9897: 9896: 9893: 9888: 9887: 9886: 9885:Wayne Gretzky 9883: 9878: 9877: 9876: 9873: 9868: 9867: 9866: 9863: 9858: 9857: 9856: 9853: 9848: 9847: 9846: 9845:René Lévesque 9843: 9838: 9837: 9836: 9833: 9828: 9827: 9826: 9823: 9818: 9817: 9816: 9813: 9808: 9807: 9806: 9805:Lucien Rivard 9803: 9798: 9797: 9796: 9793: 9788: 9787: 9786: 9785:Réal Caouette 9783: 9778: 9777: 9776: 9773: 9768: 9767: 9766: 9763: 9758: 9757: 9756: 9753: 9748: 9747: 9746: 9743: 9738: 9737: 9736: 9733: 9728: 9727: 9726: 9723: 9718: 9717: 9716: 9713: 9708: 9707: 9706: 9703: 9698: 9697: 9696: 9693: 9688: 9687: 9686: 9685:Igor Gouzenko 9683: 9682: 9679: 9675: 9668: 9663: 9661: 9656: 9654: 9649: 9648: 9645: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9612: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9569: 9566: 9564: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9535: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9520: 9518: 9514: 9507: 9504: 9501: 9498: 9495: 9492: 9489: 9485: 9482: 9478: 9477: 9475: 9471: 9464: 9461: 9458: 9455: 9452: 9449: 9446: 9443: 9442: 9440: 9436: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9422: 9420: 9417: 9415: 9412: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9401: 9399: 9395: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9354:Manitoba 2017 9352: 9350: 9347: 9345: 9342: 9341: 9339: 9333: 9327: 9326:K. White – YT 9324: 9322: 9321:A. White – NB 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9306: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9294: 9290: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9280: 9278: 9275: 9274: 9272: 9268: 9265: 9261: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9226: 9223: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9213: 9211: 9208: 9206: 9203: 9201: 9198: 9197: 9195: 9189: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9148: 9145: 9144: 9142: 9140: 9136: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9089: 9086: 9083: 9080: 9077: 9074: 9073: 9071: 9067: 9064: 9062:Federal level 9060: 9055: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9029: 9026: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9016: 9015: 9014: 9011: 9010: 9008: 9004: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8967:New Brunswick 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8949: 8947: 8943: 8937: 8934: 8933: 8931: 8927: 8924: 8920: 8916: 8909: 8904: 8902: 8897: 8895: 8890: 8889: 8886: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8764: 8761: 8759: 8756: 8754: 8751: 8749: 8746: 8744: 8741: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8575: 8572: 8568: 8561: 8556: 8554: 8549: 8547: 8542: 8541: 8538: 8532: 8525: 8512: 8511:Nycole Turmel 8503: 8502: 8495: 8489: 8484: 8480: 8479:Nycole Turmel 8471: 8470: 8463: 8457: 8453: 8444: 8443: 8437: 8431: 8427: 8424: 8421: 8417: 8416: 8410: 8404: 8400: 8397: 8394: 8390: 8389: 8385: 8378: 8372: 8368: 8359: 8358: 8354: 8347: 8341: 8338: 8335: 8331: 8330: 8326: 8321: 8317: 8310: 8304: 8300: 8291: 8290: 8286: 8279: 8273: 8268: 8264: 8255: 8254: 8250: 8243: 8237: 8234: 8230: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8214: 8213: 8193: 8187: 8171: 8167: 8161: 8145: 8139: 8123: 8119: 8113: 8097: 8093: 8087: 8071: 8067: 8061: 8046: 8042: 8035: 8019: 8015: 8009: 7993: 7989: 7983: 7981: 7965: 7961: 7954: 7938: 7934: 7928: 7912: 7908: 7901: 7885: 7881: 7874: 7858: 7854: 7848: 7832: 7831: 7826: 7819: 7803: 7802: 7797: 7790: 7775: 7771: 7765: 7749: 7748: 7743: 7736: 7721: 7720: 7715: 7708: 7692: 7688: 7682: 7666: 7659: 7651: 7650: 7645: 7639: 7623: 7619: 7615: 7608: 7592: 7588: 7582: 7567: 7563: 7556: 7540: 7539: 7534: 7527: 7511: 7507: 7501: 7485: 7481: 7475: 7461: 7460: 7452: 7450: 7433: 7429: 7425: 7419: 7403: 7399: 7395: 7394: 7389: 7382: 7366: 7362: 7358: 7351: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7320: 7304: 7300: 7296: 7289: 7273: 7269: 7263: 7256: 7255: 7248: 7240: 7236: 7232: 7225: 7223: 7206: 7205: 7200: 7193: 7177: 7176: 7171: 7165: 7149: 7148: 7143: 7137: 7122: 7121: 7116: 7109: 7093: 7092: 7087: 7081: 7079: 7077: 7075: 7058: 7052: 7037: 7036: 7031: 7024: 7009: 7005: 6998: 6983: 6979: 6972: 6957:. May 5, 2011 6956: 6955:Vancouver Sun 6952: 6946: 6930: 6926: 6922: 6915: 6900: 6896: 6889: 6874:. May 2, 2011 6873: 6869: 6863: 6847: 6843: 6839: 6832: 6816: 6815: 6810: 6804: 6802: 6785: 6779: 6763: 6757: 6741: 6737: 6730: 6714: 6713: 6708: 6702: 6694: 6688: 6672: 6669:Yuen, Jenny. 6665: 6649: 6648:National Post 6645: 6638: 6623: 6619: 6612: 6596: 6592: 6585: 6569: 6565: 6564:Vancouver Sun 6561: 6555: 6537: 6533: 6527: 6512: 6508: 6501: 6485: 6479: 6463: 6459: 6453: 6437: 6433: 6426: 6410: 6406: 6400: 6384: 6377: 6361: 6355: 6348: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6330: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6312: 6311: 6306: 6302: 6299: 6294: 6287: 6283: 6277: 6270: 6266: 6260: 6253: 6252:National Post 6249: 6248:archive.today 6245: 6242: 6236: 6221: 6217: 6210: 6195: 6191: 6184: 6168: 6167: 6162: 6155: 6140: 6136: 6129: 6113: 6109: 6103: 6096: 6093: 6088: 6081: 6078: 6073: 6066: 6063: 6058: 6051: 6048: 6043: 6036: 6033: 6028: 6021: 6018: 6013: 6006: 6002: 5999: 5994: 5987: 5983: 5978: 5971: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5953: 5952: 5951:National Post 5947: 5942: 5927: 5923: 5916: 5900: 5899: 5894: 5888: 5873: 5869: 5862: 5846: 5842: 5836: 5820: 5819: 5814: 5807: 5792: 5788: 5781: 5765: 5759: 5753: 5751: 5747: 5731: 5727: 5726: 5721: 5714: 5698: 5694: 5693: 5688: 5681: 5674: 5669: 5662: 5658: 5653: 5637: 5636: 5631: 5624: 5608: 5604: 5600: 5594: 5578: 5574: 5568: 5552: 5551: 5546: 5540: 5533: 5527: 5511: 5507: 5506: 5501: 5494: 5479: 5478:National Post 5475: 5469: 5453: 5447: 5441: 5437: 5433: 5428: 5412: 5408: 5402: 5386: 5382: 5376: 5361: 5357: 5350: 5343: 5338: 5331: 5327: 5324: 5319: 5310: 5303: 5299: 5296: 5291: 5283: 5279: 5273: 5265: 5259: 5250: 5234: 5230: 5226: 5219: 5217: 5200: 5196: 5193: 5186: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5155: 5148: 5143: 5136: 5131: 5124: 5119: 5104: 5103: 5098: 5091: 5089: 5080: 5076: 5075: 5070: 5064: 5062: 5060: 5058: 5042: 5041: 5036: 5029: 5021: 5017: 5011: 5004: 4999: 4992: 4986: 4979: 4973: 4964: 4957: 4951: 4944: 4938: 4931: 4925: 4918: 4912: 4905: 4899: 4892: 4886: 4879: 4878:National Post 4873: 4866: 4860: 4852: 4840: 4839: 4834: 4827: 4819: 4807: 4803: 4802: 4797: 4791: 4783: 4771: 4770: 4765: 4758: 4750: 4738: 4737: 4732: 4725: 4717: 4705: 4701: 4700: 4695: 4689: 4681: 4669: 4668: 4663: 4656: 4648: 4637: 4636: 4631: 4627: 4621: 4613: 4601: 4600: 4595: 4588: 4580: 4568: 4567: 4562: 4555: 4547: 4536:. p. A12 4535: 4534: 4529: 4522: 4514: 4502: 4501: 4496: 4489: 4481: 4469: 4468: 4463: 4456: 4448: 4436: 4435: 4430: 4423: 4415: 4404:. p. A25 4403: 4402: 4397: 4390: 4382: 4370: 4369: 4364: 4357: 4349: 4337: 4336: 4331: 4324: 4316: 4304: 4303: 4298: 4291: 4283: 4271: 4270: 4265: 4258: 4250: 4239:. p. A21 4238: 4237: 4232: 4225: 4217: 4206:. p. A30 4205: 4204: 4199: 4192: 4184: 4172: 4171: 4166: 4159: 4151: 4139: 4138: 4133: 4127: 4111: 4107: 4100: 4092: 4081:. p. A10 4080: 4079: 4074: 4067: 4059: 4047: 4046: 4041: 4034: 4026: 4014: 4013: 4008: 4002: 3994: 3982: 3981: 3976: 3969: 3961: 3949: 3948: 3943: 3936: 3928: 3917:. p. A18 3916: 3915: 3910: 3903: 3895: 3883: 3882: 3877: 3870: 3862: 3851: 3850: 3845: 3838: 3830: 3819: 3818: 3813: 3806: 3791: 3790: 3785: 3779: 3764: 3763: 3758: 3751: 3736: 3735: 3730: 3723: 3707: 3706: 3701: 3695: 3679: 3678: 3673: 3667: 3651: 3650: 3645: 3639: 3637: 3621: 3620: 3615: 3614:"Jack Layton" 3608: 3593: 3592: 3587: 3583: 3577: 3575: 3558: 3557: 3552: 3546: 3539: 3533: 3517: 3516: 3511: 3504: 3502: 3490:September 29, 3486: 3485: 3480: 3473: 3471: 3459:September 29, 3454: 3450: 3449: 3444: 3438: 3427:September 29, 3423: 3422: 3417: 3410: 3399:September 29, 3395: 3394: 3389: 3382: 3366: 3365: 3360: 3354: 3343:September 29, 3338: 3337: 3332: 3331:"Jack Layton" 3326: 3324: 3312:September 29, 3307: 3306: 3301: 3295: 3279: 3278: 3273: 3267: 3252: 3251: 3246: 3239: 3237: 3235: 3219: 3218: 3213: 3212:"Jack Layton" 3207: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3177: 3161: 3157: 3156: 3151: 3145: 3141: 3126: 3122: 3111: 3107: 3096: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3076: 3071: 3070: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3045: 3041: 3036: 3035: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2997: 2996: 2987: 2983: 2980: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2966: 2962: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2948: 2944: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2919: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2907: 2903: 2898: 2884: 2880: 2878: 2875: 2872: 2869: 2866: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2857: 2853: 2851: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2830: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2818: 2815: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2803: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2772: 2769: 2768: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2746: 2744: 2743: 2739: 2738: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2713: 2709: 2708: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2684:Toronto ward 2681: 2680: 2676: 2675: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2640: 2636: 2635: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2614: 2613: 2609: 2608: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2581: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2552:Toronto ward 2549: 2548: 2544: 2543: 2537: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2501: 2490: 2486: 2483: 2476: 2473: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2458:Fourth party 2457: 2454: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2432: 2429:Fourth party 2428: 2425: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2400:Fourth party 2399: 2396: 2389: 2386: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2360: 2357: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2345: 2325: 2318: 2308: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2297:Wendy Crewson 2294: 2290: 2286: 2285: 2274: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2247:state funeral 2243: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2216: 2211: 2207: 2205: 2201: 2196: 2194: 2193:Nycole Turmel 2190: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2174:Robert Layton 2171: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2135: 2125: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2076: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2025: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2007: 2002: 1998: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1979: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1968:Liberal Party 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1944: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1891:Layton family 1882: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1855: 1852: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1839: 1835: 1830: 1826: 1823:A subsequent 1821: 1819: 1818: 1817:National Post 1813: 1809: 1806:against him. 1805: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1783: 1778: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1742: 1740: 1739: 1734: 1733: 1728: 1724: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1709: 1708:Elizabeth May 1705: 1697: 1692: 1688: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1672: 1665:2011 campaign 1662: 1660: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1638: 1636: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1611: 1607: 1602: 1598: 1596: 1592: 1591:Stephen Lewis 1588: 1584: 1580: 1575: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1548: 1544: 1542: 1537: 1528: 1523: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1498: 1497:video-sharing 1494: 1490: 1485: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1470:Stéphane Dion 1467: 1463: 1462:Elizabeth May 1459: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1409: 1405: 1399:2008 campaign 1396: 1394: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1372: 1371:Clean Air Act 1367: 1365: 1364:Conservatives 1361: 1356: 1354: 1350: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1318: 1309: 1306: 1302: 1296: 1294: 1290: 1289:Buzz Hargrove 1286: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1270: 1264: 1262: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1239: 1234: 1228:2006 campaign 1225: 1223: 1219: 1214: 1212: 1205: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1172: 1170: 1166: 1165:privatization 1162: 1157: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1146:corporate tax 1143: 1142:snap election 1139: 1130: 1121: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1086: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1073: 1068: 1062: 1055:2004 election 1052: 1050: 1046: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1030: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1009:Lorne Nystrom 1006: 1002: 992: 990: 987: 984: 980: 976: 972: 971:1997 election 968: 964: 963:Pam McConnell 959: 955: 951: 947: 942: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 922:June Rowlands 919: 914: 912: 908: 903: 901: 897: 896: 891: 886: 882: 878: 874: 873: 867: 865: 861: 857: 853: 849: 845: 840: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 801:David Crombie 798: 788: 786: 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