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485:. In May 1918, Dowbor-Muśnicki was forced to sign an agreement with Germany that led to the disarmament and effective dissolution of the Corps by July 1918, at which point he moved to Poland. The agreement was criticized by some pro-independence Polish politicians, but it preserved the core of the Polish military, which proved decisive later that year.
536:
During his service as the commander in chief of the
Uprising, Dowbor-Muśnicki was responsible for almost complete reorganization of what was started as a para-military partisan force. He introduced conscription and mobilized eleven classes of recruits and reformed the partisans into divisions. During
400:
and
Germany's promises of autonomy in occupied Poland stirred up long suppressed nationalist feelings among ethnic Poles living within the Russian Empire. Roughly 700,000 of them were serving in the Russian military by 1917 and they began forming a Polish army to fight for a "united and free Poland"
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in which the Poles managed to capture the airfield, the
Greater Polish Army was the fourth force in the world in number of aeroplanes available. Dowbor-Muśnicki focused also on political matters and strived for political neutrality of the forces under his command, which made him demobilize some of
556:, the forces of the Greater Poland Uprising were separated from the Polish Army and were thought of as a separate entity. Because of that, he opposed drafting Poles from Greater Poland into the Polish Army and sending them to the fronts of the
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In the immediate aftermath of the
February Revolution, Dowbor-Muśnicki continued his military career and was appointed commander of the XXXVIIIth Corps on 28 April 1917 and made Lieutenant General on 5 May 1917. In the meantime, however, the
481:. After the signing of the Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty, which gave all of Poland and Belarus to Germany, Dowbor-Muśnicki's corps remained in Belarus for 3 months, regrouping and performing police duties under
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that ended World War I in
November 1918, Dowbor-Muśnicki helped organize a new Polish army around the disbanded 1st Corps and its officers. On 6 January 1919 he was nominated by the
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616:, the post was offered to Dowbor-Muśnicki, who refused. Having no further assignments, in March 1920 he resigned all his posts in the army and settled in Lusowo and then in
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297:), who settled in Sandomierz during the 17th century. Józef was the younger brother of Konstanty, also a lieutenant general. Their mother was Antonina née Wierzbicki.
364:, Dowbor-Muśnicki was put in command of the 14th Siberian Infantry Regiment. On 3 September 1915 Dowbor-Muśnicki, by then a general, was assigned to the staff of the
568:. However, after the area was peacefully transferred to Poland, his plans were made obsolete. Despite the conflict, on 19 March 1919 he was promoted to the rank of
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572:, the highest rank of the Polish forces at that time. Finally, after the end of hostilities, on 19 October 1919 the Dowbor-Muśnicki's forces were merged with
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To some extent Dowbor-Muśnicki was conflicted with the Polish
General Staff. Due to difficult diplomatic situation of Poland during the early stages of the
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to power, but Dowbor-Muśnicki was able to take advantage of the new government's weakness and general anarchy to form 3 divisions in
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his command, the
Greater Polish Army grew from merely 20,000 to over 100,000 soldiers, well-armed and well-equipped. After the
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Polish nobility of evangelical reformed denomination. Dowbor received his basic education in the
Nikolayevskiy Cadet Corps (
477:
negotiations on
February 10, Dowbor-Muśnicki joined the German offensive against the Bolsheviks on February 18 and took
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as a staff officer with the First
Siberian Corps. On 11 September 1906 he was appointed a senior staff adjutant of the
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39:
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The grave stone commemorating Agnieszka Dowbor-Muśnicka and her sister Janina at the family tomb in Lusów cemetery.
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in the 1930s, while both daughters were executed during World War II. Agnieszka, who was an active member of the
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393:
372:. He was temporarily put in charge of the staff of the Russian 1st Army on 17 January 1917, 5 weeks before the
624:
of 1926, he did not rejoin the army during the internal struggle. Instead, he focused on writing his memoirs,
293:. His father was Roman Muśnicki, the owner of Garbów, descended from the Lithuanian Dowborów (Daubor) family (
600:
Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki remained the commander of the so-called Greater Poland Front until the outbreak of the
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368:. On 25 February 1916 he was put in charge of the 123rd Infantry Division and on 7 November 1916 of the
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564:. Instead, he envisioned an offensive towards north which would spread the Uprising to the lands of
521:, as the new commanding officer of all the Polish forces in the area. Two days later he arrived to
461:. After sporadic fighting in late January, on January 31 Dowbor-Muśnicki's Corps had to retreat to
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appointed Dowbor-Muśnicki Commissar of the Petrograd Military District and on August 23 (
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declined to take the post of the commanding officer of the Ukrainian Front from General
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Kto byl kto v Pervoi mirovoi voine : biograficheskii entsiklopedicheskii slovar´.
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government to disband the Corps, which quickly led to clashes with the newly formed
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324:) in 1888. After serving in the Fanagorisky Grenadiers regiment, he studied at the
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Dowbor-Muśnicki had two sons, Giedymin and Olgierd, and two daughters, Janina and
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396:'s obvious weakness, its half-hearted declaration of the right of nations to
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on 26 October 1937 and was buried at the family tomb at the local cemetery.
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with the assent of the Provisional Government. In August, the newly formed
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Part of monument of Polish insurgents of Greater Poland Uprising in Poznań
912:"Agnieszka Dowbor-Muśnicka | #M2WSwirtualnie | Muzeum II Wojny Światowej"
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249:; 25 October 1867 – 26 October 1937) was a Russian military officer and
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and on 21 April 1912 he was appointed to the same position with the
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12 January] 1918, Dowbor-Muśnicki refused an order by the
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and on January 16 he officially assumed his post, replacing Major
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In 1884 he joined the Russian military and graduated from the 2nd
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the leftist and rightist officers. He also disbanded the leftist
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422:
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Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 1st class
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661:
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Polish generals in the Imperial Russian Army of World War I
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The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia
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681:
377:
1063:
Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree
668:, was arrested by the German occupiers, tortured in the
344:. On 9 November 1910 he became chief of staff of the
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Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War
413:. The reorganization process was complicated by the
1053:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class
604:, after which he resigned his post and applied to
409:) he was appointed commander of the newly formed
1043:Greater Poland Uprising (1918–1919) participants
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813:, First Class with Swords (1916, Russian Empire)
428:
517:, the temporary ruling body of the province of
1058:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
824:First Class with Swords (1916, Russian Empire)
1023:Polish generals of the Second Polish Republic
473:forces. After the temporary breakdown of the
1068:Honorary companions of the Order of the Bath
340:and on 2 March 1908, a staff officer of the
261:. He was also the military commander of the
437:Monument to Dowbor-Muśnicki's men in Warsaw
312:Service in the Russian Military (1884–1914)
355:
91:
886:
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
1073:Recipients of the Gold Sword for Bravery
1013:Polish Calvinist and Reformed Christians
938:, Poznan, Wydawnictwo Poznańskie, 1988.
674:executed in the Palmiry mass murder site
643:
533:against Germany in the disputed region.
500:
492:
432:
403:Main Polish Military Executive Committee
32:This article includes a list of general
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488:
277:(near Sandomierz) in an estate in the
955:Konstantin Aleksandrovich Zalesskii.
774:3rd degree with swords and bow, 1913
752:4th degree with swords and bow, 1906
741:3rd degree with swords and bow, 1905
708:3rd degree with swords and bow, 1905
608:for a new assignment. After General
584:while at the same time the lands of
328:and graduated in 1902. He served in
18:
680:was the only woman murdered by the
656:. Olgierd committed suicide before
13:
1038:Polish I Corps in Russia personnel
620:near Poznań. Opposing Piłsudski's
588:were officially incorporated into
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38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
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959:, Moscow, Astrel´ and AST, 2003,
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273:Dowbor-Muśnicki was born in the
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887:Dirmantas, St. (January 1959).
785:IV class (1915, Russian Empire)
300:His family traced its roots to
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394:Russian Provisional Government
1:
1008:People from Radom Governorate
1003:People from Sandomierz County
873:
595:
497:Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki c. 1919
483:German occupation authorities
469:, where he was surrounded by
429:Against the Bolsheviks (1918)
268:
1078:20th-century Polish nobility
1018:19th-century Polish nobility
978:Online Biography (in Polish)
763:2nd degree with swords, 1906
730:2nd degree with swords, 1905
289:that was then a part of the
7:
833:Order of the Crown of Italy
10:
1094:
889:"MUMS PRIKIŠA, O PATYS..."
867:Order of the Double Dragon
800:Golden Sword of St. George
672:prison in Warsaw and then
415:October Revolution of 1917
411:Polish 1st Corps in Russia
253:general, serving with the
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338:Irkutsk Military District
237:military; sometimes also
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90:
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660:, Giedymin emigrated to
515:Supreme People's Council
441:On 25 January [
247:Juozapas Musnikų Daubaro
936:General Dowbor-Muśnicki
822:Order of St. Stanislaus
728:Order of St. Stanislaus
706:Order of St. Stanislaus
531:Greater Poland Uprising
356:World War I (1914–1917)
295:Przyjaciel coat of arms
263:Greater Poland Uprising
217:Greater Poland Uprising
53:more precise citations.
16:Polish military officer
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554:Paris Peace Conference
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498:
438:
370:38th Infantry Division
346:10th Infantry Division
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175:Second Polish Republic
145:Second Polish Republic
857:, 2nd Class (Estonia)
647:
504:
496:
436:
350:7th Infantry Division
326:General Staff Academy
227:Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki
181:Years of service
85:Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki
863:, 2nd Class (Latvia)
772:Order of St Vladimir
750:Order of St Vladimir
602:Polish-Bolshevik War
562:Polish-Bolshevik War
558:Polish-Ukrainian War
455:Red Latvian riflemen
360:At the beginning of
869:, 3rd class (China)
835:, 3rd class (Italy)
794:Order of St. George
783:Order of St. George
614:Wacław Iwaszkiewicz
610:Stanisław Szeptycki
489:Against the Germans
475:Brest-Litovsk peace
374:February Revolution
678:Janina Lewandowska
650:
507:
499:
439:
398:self-determination
334:Russo-Japanese War
205:Russo-Japanese War
896:(in Lithuanian).
846:, (Great Britain)
844:Order of the Bath
811:Order of St. Anne
796:, 3rd class, 1915
761:Order of St. Anne
739:Order of St. Anne
717:Order of St. Anne
666:Polish resistance
632:). He suffered a
425:by January 1918.
320:Military School (
318:Konstantinovskoye
279:Radom Governorate
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213:Russian Civil War
117:Radom Governorate
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719:4th degree, 1905
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626:Moje wspomnienia
539:Battle of Ławica
527:Stanisław Taczak
417:, which brought
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322:Saint Petersburg
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255:Imperial Russian
231:Iosif Romanovich
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658:World War II
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634:heart attack
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136:(1937-10-26)
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998:1937 deaths
993:1867 births
952:, page 223.
918:(in Polish)
687:during the
622:Coup d'État
582:Polish Army
529:during the
381:Nicholas II
362:World War I
332:during the
219:(1918–1919)
209:World War I
51:introducing
987:Categories
972:5170196709
922:2021-02-12
874:References
630:My Memoirs
596:Retirement
544:soldiers'
509:After the
419:Bolsheviks
269:Early life
243:Lithuanian
151:Allegiance
106:1867-10-25
34:references
861:War Cross
654:Agnieszka
578:Blue Army
566:Pomerania
511:armistice
407:Old Style
342:Xth Corps
330:Manchuria
257:and then
192:General (
184:1884–1920
676:, while
618:Batorowo
580:and the
560:and the
546:councils
463:Bobruisk
451:Red Army
302:medieval
141:Batorowo
59:May 2012
423:Belarus
235:Russian
47:improve
970:
963:
948:
802:, 1915
695:Honors
682:Soviet
670:Pawiak
662:France
640:Family
590:Poland
523:Poznań
471:German
467:Slutsk
457:under
447:Soviet
287:Poland
275:Garbów
251:Polish
172:
160:
113:Garbów
36:, but
893:Karys
479:Minsk
968:ISBN
961:ISBN
946:ISBN
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685:NKVD
465:and
453:and
443:O.S.
378:Tsar
308:).
189:Rank
131:Died
100:Born
576:'s
281:of
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