Italian front (World War I)

2933: 2240: 585: 345: 2170: 449: 239: 2452: 2068: 1820: 2033: 2225: 609: 382: 369: 358: 1915: 513: 278: 628: 495: 394: 252: 2724: 549: 322: 311: 184: 527: 291: 414: 568: 333: 433: 225: 2514: 59: 1998: 2016: 2635: 2526: 2626:(this category does not include soldiers who perished in the rear or as POWs) amounted to 4,538 officers and 150,812 soldiers, for a total of 155,350 dead. The losses were increasing over time; there were 31,135 killed in 1915, 38,519 in 1916, 42,309 in 1917 and 43,387 in 1918. While in 1915 killed-in-action fatalities on the Italian front constituted 18% of all Austro-Hungarian KIAs, in 1916 this figure was 41%, in 1917 it was 64%, and in 1918 it stood at 84%. 2358:. Characteristic of nearly every other theater of the war, the Italians found themselves on the verge of victory but could not secure it because their supply lines could not keep up with the front-line troops and they were forced to withdraw. However, the Italians despite suffering heavy casualties had almost exhausted and defeated the Austro-Hungarian army on the front, forcing them to call in German help for the much anticipated Caporetto Offensive. 2914: 2340: 1401:

Italy should find themselves under the necessity of modifying it by a temporary or permanent occupation on their part, this occupation shall take place only after a previous agreement between the two Powers, based upon the principle of reciprocal compensation for every advantage, territorial or other, which each of them might obtain beyond the present status quo, and giving satisfaction to the interests and well-founded claims of the two Parties.

482: 465: 212: 199: 1791:, it ran through mountainous territory, where the average ridge heights reached 2,700 to 3,200 meters. The higher mountainous regions have a highly rugged relief with little vegetation; Elevations over 2,500 meters are also covered by glaciers. The barren landscape and lack of sufficient arable land led to little development of these high elevations; settlement was largely limited to the lower-lying zones. From the Julian Alps to the 6215: 4957:

disposition of the High Command. On 6 May the 143rd Regiment (composed of troops from both the 143rd and 144th Regiments) sailed for Libya. The remaining troops of the 143rd and 144th Regiments reformed on the 144th Regiment HQ. On 4 July, the 144th Regiment left for Spresiano. On 4 July the brigade reformed with two regiments: 144th (9 companies) and 149th (12 companies).

1776:. Its total length was around 600 kilometers, of which 450 kilometers ran in high alpine terrain. This information relates to measurements as the crow flies. Taking into account the natural terrain, the many yokes, peaks and ridges with the resulting differences in height, the effective length was several thousand kilometers. 2112:. Moreover, preexisting equipment and munition shortages slowed progress and frustrated all expectations for a "Napoleonic style" breakout. Like most contemporaneous militaries, the Italian army primarily used horses for transport but struggled and sometimes failed to supply the troops sufficiently in the tough terrain. 2703:.The Governorate of Dalmatia had the provisional aim of ferrying the territory towards full integration into the Kingdom of Italy, progressively importing national legislation in place of the previous one. The Governorate of Dalmatia was evacuated following the Italo-Yugoslav agreements which resulted in the 2479:); the new class of conscripts born in 1899 who were turning 18 in 1917. In November 1917, British and French troops started to bolster the front line, from the 5 and 6 divisions respectively provided. Far more decisive to the war effort than their troops was the Allies economic assistance by providing 2682:

were occupied: the latter was not included in the territories originally promised secretly by the Allies to Italy in case of victory, but the Italians decided to intervene in reply to a local National Council, formed after the flight of the Hungarians, and which had announced the union to the Kingdom

4956:

The Trappani Brigade was constituted in Palermo on 14 January 1915 with 3 regiments 143rd, 144th and 149th. In May it was dissolved. On 4 May the 149th Regiment was transferred to Brindisi, where it remained at the disposition of the Navy until, on 23 June, it moved into a war zone (Treviso) at the

2196:

Shellfire in the rocky terrain caused 70% more casualties per rounds expended than on the soft ground in Belgium and France. By the autumn of 1917 the Italian army had suffered most of the deaths it was to incur during the war, yet the end of the war seemed to still be an eternity away. This was not

1969:

acquired in 1913 from the British manufacturer Vickers. In line with the 1911 plan for creating 602 machine gun sections. By August 1914 only 150 of these had been created, meaning there was only one machine gun section per regiment, as opposed to one per battalion, as envisaged in the plans. By May

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and no hand grenades available at all. This inadequate supply of equipment especially limited the scope and efficiency of training throughout 1914 and 1915. Munitions were also urgently needed: in July 1914 only ca. 700 rounds were available per rifle, despite Cadorna's demand that 2,000 rounds each

4823:

Controlled by the High Command. Attached: 149 A batteries Nos 2–6 (still at Stretti); 310 mm howitzer batteries Nos 3 & 4 (both arr. 1 June); 280 mm howitzer batteries Nos 1–3 (on 24 May via RR directed to Stazione for the Carnia ); 210 howitzer battery No 1 (on 24 May at Spillimbergo); 210 mm

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and poured in reinforcements that crushed the Austro-Hungarian defensive line. On 31 October, the Italian Army launched a full scale attack and the whole front began to collapse. On 3 November, 300,000 Austro-Hungarian soldiers surrendered, at the same day the Italians entered Trento and Trieste,

2205:

the following: "The experience we have acquired in the eleventh battle has led me to believe that we should fare far worse in the twelfth. My commanders and brave troops have decided that such an unfortunate situation might be anticipated by an offensive. We have not the necessary means as regards

1810:

The topographical characteristics of the front area had a concrete impact on the conduct of the war. The rocky ground, for example, made it difficult to dig trenches and in addition, the karst rock in the Isonzo Valley turned out to be an additional danger for the soldiers. If grenades exploded on

4804:

Attached: 149 A batteries Nos 8 & 9; 305 mm howitzer batteries Nos 1 (arr. 1 June) & 2 (arr. 2 June); 280 mm howitzer battery Nos 4 (arr. 6 June), 5 (arr. 3 June), 6 (arr. 3 June) & 7 (arr. 6 June); 210 mm howitzer battery No 2 (arr. 30 May); 210 mortar batteries Nos 7, 8 (both arr. 3

4055:

8 Mixed Regular & Mobile Militia Alpini battalions: Mondovi (9-11, 114 Cos); Pieve di Teco (2, 3, 8, 107, 115 Cos); Ceva (1, 4 & 5, 98, 116 Cos); Borgo San Dalmazzo (13–15, 99, 117 Cos); Dronero (17–19, 81, 101 Cos); Saluzzo (21–23, 80, 100 Cos); Tolmezzo (6, 12, 72, 109 Cos) & Gemona

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waited for more reinforcements to arrive from the Western Front. By the end of October 1918, Austro-Hungary was in a dire situation. Czechoslovakia, Croatia, and Slovenia proclaimed their independence and parts of their troops started deserting, disobeying orders and retreating. Many Czechoslovak

1400:

However, if, in the course of events, the maintenance of the status quo in the regions of the Balkans or of the Ottoman coasts and islands in the Adriatic and in the Aegean Sea should become impossible, and if, whether in consequence of the action of a third Power or otherwise, Austria-Hungary or

5648:

In Vittorio Veneto, Austria did not lose a battle, but lose the war and itself, dragging Germany in its fall. Without the destructive battle of Vittorio Veneto, we would have been able, in a military union with the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, to continue the desperate resistance through the whole

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failed to form a new government amid rising social tensions and threats from the king. When Parliament resumed on May 20 Salandra secured overwhelming majorities (367 to 54 and 407 to 74) on a Bill conferring extraordinary powers upon the Government in the event of war. General mobilization was

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The frequency of offensives for which the Italian soldiers partook between May 1915 and August 1917, one every three months, was higher than demanded by the armies on the Western Front. Italian discipline was also harsher, with punishments for infractions of duty of a severity not known in the

1940:

That the opportunity for a quick breakthrough was not used was partly due to the slow mobilization of the Italian army. Due to the poorly developed transport network, the provision of troops and war material could only be completed in mid-June, i.e. a month later than estimated by the military

4059:

8 Territorial Militia Alpini battalions: Val d’Eilero (209, 210 cos); Val d’ Arroscia (202, 203, 208 Cos); Val Tanaro (201, 204 cos); Valle Stura (213–215 cos); Val Maira (217–219 cos); Val Varaita (221–223 cos); Val Tagliamento (212 & 272 cos) & Val Fella (269 & 270

2160:

plain and thus cutting off the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Italian Armies in the North East of the country. The offensive began on 15 May 1916 with 15 divisions, and resulted in initial gains, but then the Italians counterattacked and pushed the Austro-Hungarians back to the Tyrol.

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to the Austro-Hungarian front and helped work on a new offensive. Meanwhile, mutinies and plummeting morale crippled the Italian Army from within. The soldiers lived in poor conditions and engaged in attack after attack that often yielded minimal or no military gain.

2505:

named Lawine, which the Italians repulsed after two days of fighting. Austrian deserters betrayed the objectives of the upcoming offensive, which allowed the Italians to move two armies directly in the path of the Austrian prongs. The other prong, led by general

2119:. In the northern section of the front, the Italians managed to overrun Mount Batognica over Kobarid (Caporetto), which would have an important strategic value in future battles. This bloody offensive concluded in stalemate when both sides ran out of ammunition. 2412:

gas shells were fired as part of a huge artillery barrage, followed by infantry using infiltration tactics, bypassing enemy strong points and attacking on the Italian rear. At the end of the first day, the Italians had retreated 19 kilometres (12 miles) to the

2286:, December 1916 would see 10,000 soldiers on both sides killed by avalanches in the Dolomites. Numerous avalanches were caused by the Italians and Austro-Hungarians purposefully firing artillery shells on the mountainside, while others were naturally caused. 1974:

became the standard machine gun of the Italian army and a total of 309 sections had been created, with 618 guns in total; though this was an improvement it was still only half the planned number, leaving many battalions to do without. In contrast a standard

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treaties with Austria-Hungary. However, this did not happen and this became one of the reasons for Italy to break its alliance with Austria-Hungary in 1915. The mutual compensation clause was Article 7 of the 1909 and of 5 December 1912 versions of the same

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to discuss how the borders of Europe should be redefined to help avoid a future European war. The talks provided little territorial gain to Italy as Wilson promised freedom to all European nationalities to form their nation-states. As a result, the

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front. The transfer of the 5th Army and additional troops from the east went smoothly; within a few weeks, Archduke Eugen had around 225,000 soldiers under his command. In June the 48. Division (FML Theodor Gabriel) and finally, in July, the four

2044:

in Libya (1911–1912), the Italian military suffered equipment and munition shortages not yet repaired before Italian entry into the Great War. At the opening of the campaign, Austro-Hungarian troops occupied and fortified high ground of the

4852:

6 June 18 Light Cavalry Regiment of Piacenza arrived and was attached to X Corps; the regiment arrived with 5 squadrons ( Nos 1, 2, 4, 5& 6) with Squadron No 3 in Libya. 5 June 1 Bersagliari Cyclist Battalion left Naples to join this

1935:

A general attack on the most important penetration points, such as the Stilfser Joch, Etschtal, Valsugana, Rollepass , Kreuzbergpass, could have led to significant enemy successes in view of the extremely weak defense forces in

4842:

29 May the 3rd Group of Mobile Militia cavalry (Squadrons Nos 5 & 6) arrived and were attached to 26th Division. 11 June, the 9th Group of Mobile Militia cavalry (Squadrons Nos 17 & 18) arrived and were attached to 29th

3153:

15 batteries of mountain artillery: Oneglia Group (batteries 23, 26 & 27); Vincenza Group (batteries 19–21); Genove Group (batteries 28 & 29); Torino Aosta Group (batteries 4–6) and Independent batteries: 1, 8, 57 &

1895:

Italy ordered general mobilization on May 22, 1915 and by the end of June four armies had marched into the north-east border area. In the deployment plan of the Italian general staff (Commando Supremo) under the direction of FM

6184:

How many of the 175,041 missing were presumed dead by 1921 is not determined. Overall 341,601 Austro-Hungarian soldiers and officers were missing and presumed dead by 1921, an unknown share of that falls onto the Italian

2588:

to the Italian commander to ask again for an armistice and terms of peace. The terms were arranged by telegraph with the Allied authorities in Paris, communicated to the Austro-Hungarian commander, and were accepted. The

2796:

to Italy as had been promised. Furthermore, the British and French decided to divide the German overseas colonies into their mandates, with Italy receiving none. Italy also gained no territory from the breakup of the

2606:

Italian military deaths numbered 834 senior officers and generals, 16,872 junior officers, 16,302 non-commissioned officers, and 497,103 enlisted men, for a total of over 531,000 dead. Of these, 257,418 men came from

2105:. Because the Austrian forces occupied higher ground, Italians conducted difficult offensives while climbing. The Italian forces therefore failed to drive much beyond the river, and the battle ended on 7 July 1915. 2619:. While the KIA numbers of Italian soldiers on the Italian front in 1915 were 66,090 killed, in 1916 this figure was 118,880 killed, in 1917 it was 152,790 killed, and in 1918 it stood at 40,250 killed soldiers. 1866:

which was suitable for operations in the high mountains, the first divisions arrived on May 26; a short time later, the Alpenkorps was already taking part in combat operations against Italian units, although the

2189:, which boosted Italian spirits. The Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth battles of the Isonzo (14 September – 4 November) managed to accomplish little except to wear down the already exhausted armies of both nations. 5292:

Klavora, Karstfront, p. 21; Hans Jürgen Pantenius, Der Angriffsgedanke gegen Italien bei Conrad von Hötzendorf. Ein Beitrag zur Koalitionskriegsführung im Ersten Weltkrieg, Bd. 1, Wien 1984, 613

1930:

either. Due to the hesitant implementation of Cadorna's attack plans, the chance to score the decisive blow right at the beginning was lost. FML Cletus Pichler, the chief of staff of the LVK Tirol, wrote:

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was signed in the Villa Giusti, near Padua, on 3 November, and took effect at three o'clock in the afternoon of 4 November. Austria and Hungary signed separate armistices following the overthrow of the

5120: 2932: 2483:(steel, coal and crops – provided by the British but imported from Argentina – etc.), which Italy always lacked sorely. In the spring of 1918, Germany pulled out its troops for use in its upcoming 2564:

To the disappointment of Italy's allies, no counter-offensive followed the Battle of Piave. The Italian Army had suffered huge losses in the battle, and considered an offensive dangerous. General

1310:

and with extremely cold winters. Fighting along the front displaced much of the local population, and several thousand civilians died from malnutrition and illness in Italian and Austro-Hungarian

2133:. Both sides suffered more casualties, but the Italians conquered important entrenchments, and the battle ended on 2 December for exhaustion of armaments, but occasional skirmishing persisted. 4696:

28 May the 17th Light Cavalry Regiment of Caserta arrived and was attached to VI Corps. The regiment arrived with 5 squadrons, with 1st bis Squadron replacing 1st Squadron, which was in Libya.

5094: 4540:

11 June, 23rd squadron of mobile militia cavalry; 29 June, 21st squadron of mobile militia cavalry: both arrived & attached to V Corps. Attached: 305 mm howitzer battery 5 (arr. 1 June).

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summit between the Roncone and the Tomatico mountains; although numerically inferior (51,000 against 120,000) the Italian Army managed to halt the Austro-Hungarian and German armies in the

4606:

3 June 14 Light Cavalry Regiment of Alessandria arrived and attached to IV Corps. Also on 3 June, 2nd Group of mobile militia cavalry (Squadrons 3 & 4) arrived and attached to IV Corps.

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36th Field Artillery Regiment (2 groups w 5 field batteries) 75/911 plus 3 (sic 6?) mt. batteries: 13th Mt Group (Mt batteries 37–39) & 14th Mt. Group (Mt batteries 63, 64 & 65)

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disintegrated due to military defeats and subsequent turmoils caused by pacifists and separatists. All military operations on the front came to an end with the entry into force of the

8398: 3386:

Regular & Mobile Militia Alpini Battalions: Aosta (41–43 Reg Cos, 87, 103 MM Cos); Ivrea (38–40, 86, 111 Cos); Intra (7, 24, 37, 112 Cos) & Cividale (16, 20, 76, 87, 103 Cos)

2140:

on 9 March 1916, and captured the strategic Mount Sabatino. But Austria-Hungary repulsed all other attacks, and the battle concluded on 16 March in poor weather for trench warfare.

7756: 1219: 3030:

Mixed Regular & Mobile Militia Alpini battalions: Morbegno (44, 45, 47, 88, 104 Cos); Tirano (46, 48, 49, 89, 113 Cos); Edolo (50–52, 90, 105 Cos) and Vestone (53–55, 91 Cos)

7771: 1922:

Although the Italian armed forces were numerically superior, things initially remained surprisingly quiet on the southwestern front. No attempt was made to break through on the

5515: 7955: 2101:

on 23 June 1915, Italian forces outnumbered the Austrians three-to-one but failed to penetrate the strong Austro-Hungarian defensive lines in the highlands of northwestern

4633:

Table on allocation of mountain batteries (L'Esercito italiano nella grande guerra, Vol I-bis, p. 98) lists both 13th Group & 14th Group with the 36th Field Artillery.

2108:

Despite a professional officer corps, severely under-equipped Italian units lacked morale. Also many troops deeply disliked the newly appointed Italian commander, general

925: 1209: 3112:

41st Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906; 9th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment; Mobile Militia cavalry: 21st Squadron (arr. 11 June) & 23rd Squadron (arr. 29 June)

63:

Clockwise: Italian soldiers listening to their general's speech; Austro-Hungarian trench on the Isonzo; Austro-Hungarian trench in the Alps; Italian trench on the Piave

1677:

would be encouraged to join them after Italy did the same. The Treaty was agreed to be kept a secret according to Article 16, and remained so until December 1917 when

5063:, Milan 2004, pp. 49–50. Does not include 18,049 who died. Includes 89,760 recruited into various units and sent back to fight the AH army, and 12,238 who were freed. 7853: 1224: 1189: 1179: 3138:

Mixed Regular & Mobile Militia Alpini battalions: Verona (56–58, 73, 92 Cos); Vincenza (59–61, 93, 108 Cos); Bassano (77–79, 106 Cos) and Feltre (64–66, 95 Cos)

7490: 7314: 6654: 3550: 3400:

Regular & Mobile Militia Alpini Battalions: Pinerolo (25–27, 82 Cos); Susa (34–36, 85, 102 Cos); Exilles (31–33, 84 Cos) & Val Pellice (41–43, 87, 103 Cos)

2736: 2463:

Advancing deep and fast, the Austro-Hungarians outran their supply lines, which forced them to stop and regroup. The Italians, pushed back to defensive lines near

1138: 1044: 935: 4393:

8th Cavalry Brigade – 19th Light Cavalry Regiment Guide (Squadron Nos 1, 3, 4, 5 & 6) (arr. 8 June) & 28th Light Cavalry Regiment of Treviso (arr. 7 June)

4069:

6 batteries of mountain artillery: Mt batteries 13, 14, 15 & 55 (Conegliano Group); Mt battery 51 (Torino-Susa Group) & Mt battery 52 (Torino-Aosta Group)

2350:

The Italians directed a two-pronged attack against the Austrian lines north and east of Gorizia. The Austrians checked the advance east, but Italian forces under

7932: 1199: 1945:

pieces and munitions were not the only area where shortages were acute. In August 1914 the Italian army had at its disposal only 750,000 rifles of the standard

7960: 6467: 3033:

Territorial Militia Alpini battalions: Val d’Intelvi (244, 245, 247 Cos); Valtellina (246, 248, 249 Cos); Val Camonica (250-52 Cos) and Val Chiese (253-54 Cos)

2239: 1204: 838: 8393: 8148: 7875: 7567: 6525: 5124: 4440: 3069: 920: 3977:

Mixed Regular & Mobile Militia Alpini Battalions – Fenestrelle (28, 29, 30, 83 Cos); Pieve di Cadore (67, 68, 75, 96 Cos) & Belluno (77–79, 106 Cos)

2185:, launched by the Italians in August, resulted in a success greater than the previous attacks. The offensive gained nothing of strategic value but did take 8255: 2490:

The Austro-Hungarians now began debating how to finish the war in Italy. The Austro-Hungarian generals disagreed on how to administer the final offensive.

2307:

and placing explosive charges beneath the enemy's positions. Between 1 January 1916 and 13 March 1918, Austro-Hungarian and Italian units fired a total of

1174: 2259:. In order to protect their soldiers from enemy fire and the hostile alpine environment, both Austro-Hungarian and Italian military engineers constructed 8163: 7918: 1194: 968: 8158: 7848: 7799: 7714: 3604:

1st Cavalry Brigade – 13th Light Cavalry Regiment of Monferrato (-) (4 squadrons) (arr. 10 May) & 20th Light Cavalry Regiment of Rome (arr. 10 May)

8002: 2115:

Two weeks later on 18 July 1915, the Italians attempted another frontal assault against the Austro-Hungarian trench lines with more artillery in the

659: 5783: 5098: 3389:

Territorial Militia Alpini battalions: Val Natisone (216, 220 Cos); Val Orco (238, 239 Cos); Val Baltea (241, 242 Cos) & Val Toce (207, 243 Cos)

3141:

Territorial Militia Alpini battalions: Val d’Adige (256–258 Cos); Val Leogra (259, 260 Cos); Val Brenta (262, 263 Cos) and Val Cismon (264, 265 Cos)

4862:

5 June the Royal Piemonte Cavalry Regiment (-) (Squadrons Nos 3, 4 & 5) joined XIII Corps; the other two squadrons were attached to XIV Corps.

7843: 7201: 6081:

Les armées françaises dans la Grande guerre. Tome X. 1er Volume. Ordres de bataille des grandes unités - Groupes D'Armées, Armées, Corps d'Armées

4209: 3013:

42nd Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906; 15th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment; 5th Group of mobile militia cavalry (9th & 10th Squadrons)

8388: 5890: 17: 6632: 6694: 3144:

V, VII, IX, XVII & XVIII Battalions, Royal Customs Guards (Coastal) (Reale Guardia di Finanza di costieri) with Autonomous Cos. 11 and 52

2487:

on the Western Front. As a result of the Spring Offensive, Britain and France also pulled half of their divisions back to the Western Front.

930: 4669:

The 70 mm pack mountain gun (model 70/15) was introduced in 1904. The gun could be broken down into 4 pieces for transport by pack animals.

7903: 7833: 7472: 6684: 6595: 2569:

troops, in fact, started working for the Allied Cause, and in September 1918, five Czechoslovak Regiments were formed in the Italian Army.

910: 4732:

10 June 29 Light Cavalry Regiment of Udine arrived and was attached to VII Corps. Also attached: 310 mm howitzer battery 6 (arr. 10 July)

7927: 6818: 6272: 5737: 4651:

The 149 A cannon was a 149 mm cannon (model 149/35 A) with a steel barrel first manufactured in 1900 to replace the older 149 G (149/23).

4588:

Under command of the Presidio of the Verona Fortress (together with five batteries of 87 B, 1 battery of 149 G. & 2 batteries of 57)

2471:, had suffered 600,000 casualties to this point in the war. Because of these losses, the Italian Government called to arms the so-called 1983:"Schwarzlose", one for each battalion, whilst a standard British regiment had by February 1915 four machine gun sections per battalion. 1650: 567: 438: 332: 230: 5147: 3980:

Territorial Militia Alpini Battalions – Val Chisone (228–230 Cos); Val Piave (267 & 268 Cos) & Val Cordevole (206 & 266 Cos)

6495: 5769: 881: 4371:

5th Cavalry Brigade – 12th Light Cavalry Regiment of Saluzzo (arr. 7 June) & 24th Light Cavalry Regiment of Vincinza (arr. 20 May)

6825: 5523: 2169: 1799:. This area is also sparsely populated and characterized by a harsh climate with cold winters and very hot and dry summers. A craggy 4347:

47th Field Artillery Regiment (5 batteries) plus 3 batteries of 27th & 2 batteries of 19th Field Artillery Regiments; all 75/906

2451: 2126:, another attack. Forces of Austria-Hungary repulsed this Italian offensive, which concluded on 4 November without resulting gains. 6477: 2308: 2219: 864: 8153: 8383: 8085: 7923: 7910: 7867: 7776: 7502: 7304: 7211: 7113: 6871: 6518: 4531:

The heavy field artillery batteries were armed with Krupp 149/12 howitzers, which were essentially Krupp 15 cm M. 1913 howitzers.

4486:

comprising (1) 23rd Division, 24th Division, (2) 46th Division, 47th Division and (3) 64th Division, 65th Division respectively.

961: 915: 505: 2067: 8277: 8267: 8135: 3764:

3rd Cavalry Brigade – 7th Lancer Regiment of Milano (arr. 16 May) & 10th Lancer Regiment of Victor Emanuel II (arr. 21 May)

2802: 116: 4898:

5 June Squadron Nos 1 & 2 of Royal Piemonte Cavalry Regiment joined XIV Corps; the rest of the regiment joined XIII Corps.

4687:

On 26 May His Royal Highness assumed command of the 3rd Army, which from 24 to 26 May was held temporarily by General Garioni.

8403: 8049: 7983: 7820: 7699: 7372: 6391: 6247: 6109: 5816: 5635: 5465:

The book includes: – A detailed overview of the Italian Campaign and its battles. – Notes on the Divisions engaged in Italy.

5458: 5433: 762: 745: 652: 6084:. Ministère De la Guerre, Etat-Major de l'Armée - Service Historique (in French) (1st ed.). Paris: Imprimerie Nationale 8378: 8224: 7644: 6429: 2759: 1819: 792: 596: 7995: 7319: 6947: 6452: 4445: 2494:

decided for a two-pronged offensive, where it would prove impossible for the two forces to communicate in the mountains.

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on 4 November 1918. Italy entered into World War I also with the aim of completing national unity with the annexation of

833: 362: 337: 8209: 5953:

based on Official Documents by Direction of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Maps in rear cover folder. London: HMSO.

4824:

mortar batteries Nos 1, 2 (24 May both at Spilimbergo), 3 (29 May at Chiusaforte), 4 (24 May at Spilimbergo), 5 & 6.

3739:

35th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 (arr. 28–30 May); 4th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment (not arrived by 24 May)

8194: 7484: 6886: 6644: 5926: 4871:

3 June, the 10th Group of Mobile Militia cavalry (Squadron Nos 19 & 20) arrived and were attached to 25th Division.

2331:. In April 1916, the Italians detonated explosives under the peaks of Col Di Lana, killing numerous Austro-Hungarians. 1950:

be found in preparation for war, by May 1915 the army had only succeeded in procuring 900 rounds per rifle. Meanwhile,

1342: 954: 886: 4907:

30 June, the 7th Group of Mobile Militia cavalry (Squadron Nos 13 & 14) arrived and was attached to 28th Division.

4880:

1 June, the 6th Group of Mobile Militia cavalry (Squadron Nos 11 & 12) arrived and were attached to 30th Division.

8069: 7763: 7579: 6851: 6322: 6057: 6003: 5907: 5874: 5610: 5579: 5554: 5354: 5157: 4624:

4 June 15 Light Cavalry Regiment of Lodi (Squadrons 2–6) arrived and attached to XII Corps. Squadron 1 was in Libya.

3753:

15th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 (arr. 28 May); 3rd Co, 1st Sapper Regiment (not arrived by 24 May)

2491: 2032: 1354: 31: 4374:

6th Cavalry Brigade – 3rd Cavalry Regiment Savoia (arr 6 June) & 8th Lancer Regiment of Montebello (arr. 3 June)

3767:

4th Cavalry Brigade – 6th Lancer Regiment of Aosta (arr. 9 June) & 25th Lancer Regiment of Mantova (arr. 30 May)

3750:"Ferrara" Brigade (not arrived by 24 May) – 47th (II, III, IV; 9 cos only) & 48th (I, II, IV) Infantry Regiments 3607:

2nd Cavalry Brigade – 4th Cavalry Regiment of Genova (arr. 10 May) & 5th Lancer Regiment of Novara (arr. 12 May)

1910:

The 2nd and 3rd Armies on the other hand, were opposed to the 5th k.u.k. Army, in the Julian Alps and on the Isonzo.

8408: 7249: 6287: 6025: 4390:

4th Cavalry Brigade – 1st Cavalry Regiment Nizza (arr. 5 June) & 26th Lancer Regiment of Vercelli (arr. 5 June)

2498: 2446: 1134: 645: 4889:

12 June, the 8th Group of Mobile Militia cavalry (Squadron Nos 15 & 16) arrived and attached to 31st Division.

8320: 8125: 8105: 7892: 7828: 7651: 7520: 6424: 6344: 6282: 2801:. Despite this, Orlando agreed to sign the Treaty of Versailles, which caused uproar against his government. The 2224: 1851: 1565:

is appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs and makes it a priority to pressure Austria-Hungary on Article 7 of the

1117: 787: 682: 50: 6985: 2810: 8120: 8115: 8110: 8100: 7794: 6439: 6414: 6312: 5707: 5689: 5042: 2773: 804: 757: 111: 3914:

20th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906; 11th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment; 14th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

3747:"Brescia" Brigade (not arrived by 24 May) – 19th (I, II, IV; 9 cos only) & 20th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 1871:

was not officially at war with Italy until August 28, 1916. The "Armeegruppe Rohr" stood under the command of

1847: 386: 8095: 8090: 8054: 7988: 7880: 7726: 7309: 7161: 6699: 6627: 6558: 6327: 6297: 6292: 6154:

Exact figures missing in von Horstenau's work for the year 1916 are provided for August in Wilfried Thanner,

5324:

Wilcox, Vanda, Morale and the Italian Army during the First World War, Cambridge University Press, 2016 p. 95

5302:

Wilcox, Vanda, Morale and the Italian Army during the First World War, Cambridge University Press, 2016 p. 95

2884: 2381: 2362: 2072: 1971: 1144: 1102: 1040: 3736:"Pisa" Brigade (not arrived by 24 May) – 29th (II-IV; 9 cos only) & 30th (I, III, IV) Infantry Regiments 2700: 8044: 7671: 7611: 7508: 7413: 7176: 6962: 6666: 6505: 6404: 4396:

4th Group Horse Artillery (Horse Artillery batteries 7 & 8) 75/912 (left Milano 4 June for Portogruaro)

3499:

2 groups of 2 batteries of 149 A cannon (149 A batteries 1, 7, 11 & 12) (for the "first bound forward")

2510:

initially experienced success until aircraft bombed their supply lines and Italian reinforcements arrived.

2429: 1838:

on May 22, 1915 and was given supreme command of the new southwest front. Together with his chief of staff

1622: 1154: 1122: 1060: 898: 891: 777: 469: 203: 5179: 1594: 1413:: The war is regarded as a major escalation stage on the way to the First World War. The weakening of the 8282: 7719: 7704: 7562: 7514: 7279: 6830: 6704: 6617: 6612: 6369: 6364: 5977: 2891: 2366: 2130: 2116: 1795:, the mountains are constantly losing on height and only rarely reach 1,000 meters as in the area around 1634: 1462: 1303: 1065: 1023: 1008: 694: 689: 6891: 4597:

2 June, 1st Group of mobile militia cavalry (Squadrons 1 & 2) arrived and attached to 32nd Division.

4549:

4 June, 4th Group of mobile militia cavalry (Squadrons 7 & 8) arrived and attached to 15th Division.

2850:("The Leader"), and he used black-shirted paramilitary in his assault on Fiume. The leadership title of 1501:, in a dispatch from April 1914, Pollio was considered up most stable, loyal and fully committed to the 1421:

viewed the Ottomans as an ally and Austria-Hungary's position was further complicated by the subsequent

8262: 8219: 7496: 7254: 7239: 7141: 7010: 6578: 6490: 6447: 6205: 4660:

The 149 G cannon was a 149 mm cannon (model 149/23) with a cast iron barrel first manufactured in 1882.

3758:

2nd Cavalry Division (or Detachment of San Giorgio di Nogaro) (Lieutenant General Giovanni Vercellana)

2202: 2182: 2137: 2123: 2098: 1863: 1843: 1087: 1070: 1035: 1018: 998: 876: 811: 1892:

were added. A major advantage of the Austro-Hungarian defense was its entrenchment on higher ground.

1307: 8204: 7972: 7556: 7544: 7299: 7284: 7005: 6896: 6590: 6568: 6317: 6307: 6240: 6195: 6097: 5672: 5421: 5229:

Helmut Peter, Das Wesen des Hochgebirgskrieges 1915–1917/1918. phil. Dipl., Wien 1997 (masch.), p. 6.

5001: 4768:

1st bis Co replaced 1st Co which was in the colonies; one battalion detached to 2nd Cavalry Division.

3502:

1 group of 3 batteries of 149 G cannon (149 G batteries 5, 6 & 7) (for the "first bound forward")

3372: 3366: 2981:

27th Field Artillery Regiment (-) (5 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 7–13 June); 10th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

2755: 2643: 2559: 2538: 2534: 2518: 2327:

with 4 mines. The explosive charges ranged from 110 to 50,000 kilograms (240–110,230 pounds) of

1914: 1831: 1578: 1330: 1184: 1159: 106: 7151: 3444:"Aosta" Brigade – 5th Infantry Regiment (II-IV; 9 cos only) &6th (I, III, IV) Infantry Regiments 8179: 7666: 7656: 7585: 7538: 7526: 7466: 7274: 7269: 7191: 6600: 6573: 6277: 5950: 4483: 4475: 4409:"Trappani" Brigade – 144th Infantry Regiment (I, II, III; 9 cos only) & 149th Infantry Regiment 3997: 3357: 3129: 3120: 3021: 2924: 2806: 2766: 2704: 2295: 2215: 1889: 1859: 1097: 1050: 1003: 486: 216: 4108:"Friuli" Brigade – 87th (I bis, II bis, III bis; 9 cos only) & 88th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 373: 8250: 8242: 8184: 7944: 7639: 7402: 7229: 7224: 7156: 7015: 7000: 6995: 6975: 6856: 6733: 6162:

and for the time period 15 May – 31 July 1916, from k.u.k. official reports, in Gianni Pieropan,

6159: 4377:

3rd Group Horse Artillery (Horse Artillery batteries 5 & 6) 75/912 (29 May at Ponte di Piave)

4336:

45th Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 9–12 June); 21st Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

4128:

37th Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 31 May); Special Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

2728: 2542: 2484: 2122:

The Italians recuperated, rearmed with 1200 heavy guns, and then on 18 October 1915 launched the

1980: 1839: 1646: 1275: 7196: 5919:

Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015

4186:

34th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 5–6 June); 10th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment

3403:

Territorial Militia Alpini Battalions: Val Cenischia (234, 235 Cos) &Val Dora (231, 232 Cos)

2862:. The demand for the Italian annexation of Fiume spread to all sides of the political spectrum. 8017: 7741: 7676: 7532: 7259: 7186: 7136: 7121: 7103: 7076: 6990: 6957: 6622: 6583: 6563: 6374: 6267: 4238:

39th Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 13 June); 18th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment

2837: 2752: 2590: 2546: 1713:. May 13, threatened without a majority in Parliament Salandra resignes from office and orders 1702: 1574: 1566: 1550: 1530: 1502: 1391: 699: 6079: 5744: 4322:

38th Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 8 June); 20th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

4180:"Savona" Brigade – 15th (I-III) & 16th (II bis, IV & V; only 9 cos) Infantry Regiments 3470:

3rd Group, 10th Field Artillery Regiment (batteries 6, 7 & 8); 4th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

2723: 2572:

By October 1918, Italy finally had enough soldiers to mount an offensive. The attack targeted

349: 8007: 7661: 7550: 7326: 7289: 7219: 7166: 7088: 7056: 7030: 6980: 6911: 6813: 6766: 6550: 6419: 6302: 5346: 5339: 5192:

Krieg um die Alpen: Der Erste Weltkrieg im Alpenraum und der bayerische Grenzschutz in Tirol.

4114:

32nd Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 29 May); 8th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

3955:

13th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 (arr. 31 May); 5th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment

3701:

18th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 28 May); 7th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment

2866: 2091: 2062: 2004: 1976: 1824: 1686: 1654: 1438: 1214: 772: 584: 454: 344: 244: 171: 5981: 5477: 5030: 3505:

2 groups of 4 batteries of pack 70 A cannon. (pack batteries 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11 & 20)

3378:

Mondavi Group Mountain Artillery (Mt batteries 10, 11, 12, 54); 17th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment

2148:

Following Italy's stalemate, the Austro-Hungarian forces began planning a counteroffensive (

1941:

leadership. The Italian army also suffered from many shortcomings on the structural level.

1779:

The front touched very different geographical areas: in the first three sections - from the

1570: 8357: 8272: 6952: 6926: 6876: 6233: 6071: 5940: 5936: 3464:"Piemonte" Brigade – 3rd (II, III, IV; 9 cos only) & 4th (I, II, IV) Infantry Regiments 2785: 2780: 2385: 2198: 2102: 1872: 1698: 1494: 1346: 1149: 6901: 4723:

The 2nd Group of this regiment (batteries 4 & 5) was assigned to 1st Cavalry Division.

2507: 1630: 1489:, the Chief of Staff of the Italian army since 1908, dies unexpectedly and is replaced by 1054: 8: 8339: 7478: 7342: 7294: 7171: 7131: 7126: 7071: 6754: 6748: 6649: 6142: 5973:(= Innsbrucker Forschungen zur Zeitgeschichte, Band 12), Vienna/Innsbruck 1995, pp. 27–60 2899: 2841: 2732: 2420:

When the Austro-Hungarian offensive routed the Italians, the new Italian chief of staff,

2393: 2344: 2283: 1674: 1426: 1379: 1350: 1345:, in a historiographical perspective that identifies in the latter the conclusion of the 1334: 1107: 1075: 850: 425: 8292: 5602: 5596: 4027:

5th & 6th Groups, 2nd Heavy Field Artillery Regiment (batteries 11, 12, 13 & 14)

2584:

On 3 November, the military leaders of the already disintegrated Austria-Hungary sent a

2355: 8299: 8214: 7573: 7437: 7419: 7384: 7348: 7181: 7146: 7098: 7083: 6970: 6921: 6760: 6719: 6399: 5884: 4479: 3894:"Como" Brigade – 23rd (I, IV & V; 9 cos only) & 24th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3874:"Parma" Brigade – 49th (I-III) &50th (I, IV & V; 9 cos only) Infantry Regiments 3001: 2769: 2762: 2480: 2377: 2373: 2264: 1876: 1765: 1670: 1526: 1387: 1112: 993: 767: 5015:

Statistics of the Military Effort of the British Empire During the Great War 1914–1920

4495:

Roman numerals indicate battalion numbers; missing numbers were with the Colonial Army

3733:

The Queen's ("Regina") Brigade (not arrived by 24 May) – 9th Infantry Regiment (I-III)

3441:"Verona" Brigade – 85th (I-III) & 86th (I, III, IV; 9 cos only) Infantry Regiments 3036:

III Battalion, Royal Customs Guards (Frontier) (Reale Guardia di Finanza di frontiers)

1341:: for this reason, the Italian intervention in the World War I is also considered the 8332: 8326: 8287: 8189: 8022: 7605: 7460: 7443: 7244: 7066: 7046: 6881: 6866: 6796: 6784: 6485: 6462: 6409: 6105: 6053: 6049: 6021: 5999: 5954: 5922: 5903: 5870: 5812: 5763: 5661:

Ministry of War and later Ministry of Defence: Albo d’Oro , 28 vols., Rome 1926–1964.

5649:

winter, in order to obtain a less harsh peace, because the Allies were very fatigued.

5631: 5606: 5575: 5550: 5454: 5429: 5350: 5153: 4989: 4786:

The Brigade headquarters and 10th Infantry Regiment detached to 2nd Cavalry Division.

3414:

5th Bersaglieri Regiment (Btns 14, 22 bis, 24) with 5th Bersaglieri Cyclist Battalion

2962: 2907: 2875: 2595: 2414: 2290: 2041: 1962: 1769: 1730: 1590: 1518: 1470: 1469:

Austria-Hungary into a tripartite state Austria-Hungary-Croatia, which competed with

1434: 1430: 1410: 1283: 1259: 1092: 1013: 871: 823: 752: 704: 121: 5944: 3461:"Napoli" Brigade – 75th (I, II, IV; 9 cos only) &76th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 1885: 1665:

on the other, in order to entice the latter to enter World War I on the side of the

7390: 7360: 7354: 7264: 7093: 7061: 7051: 6790: 6714: 6709: 6637: 6457: 6357: 5643: 5002:"War Losses (Italy) | International Encyclopedia of the First World War (WW1)" 4099: 3724: 3666: 3098:

19th Field Artillery Regiment (-) (6 batteries) 75/906; 1st Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

2873:

to Italy. Italy's lack of territorial gain led to the outcome being denounced as a

2859: 2623: 2304: 2256: 2149: 1726: 1662: 1614: 1546: 1542: 1522: 1317:

Military operations came to an end in 1918 with Italian victory and the capture of

1279: 1267: 1243: 855: 843: 828: 816: 797: 726: 721: 548: 419: 321: 310: 188: 183: 4777:

2 June 11 Light Cavalry Regiment of Foggia arrived and was attached to this corps.

1760:(at the border triangle between Italy, Austria-Hungary and Switzerland) along the 8199: 8039: 7378: 6931: 6906: 6605: 6513: 6352: 5806: 4154: 3952:"Torino" Brigade – 81st (I-III) & 82nd (IV-VI; 9 cos only) Infantry Regiments 2951: 2887: 2855: 2744: 2573: 2553: 2174: 1923: 1855: 1811:

the porous surface fragments of the exploding rock acted as additional shrapnel.

1761: 1710: 1533:, since he foresaw that consent would only be given in exchange for compensation. 1454: 1383: 1326: 1271: 1251: 905: 731: 716: 608: 518: 381: 368: 357: 283: 4558:

Five batteries arrived on 26 May; the other two batteries assigned to XIV Corps.

4430:

4 squadrons aeroplanes (Nos. 4th Bleriot, 5th Newport, 9th & 10th H. Farman)

4224:

46th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906; 15th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

4183:"Cagliari" Brigade – 63rd (I, II & IV) & 64th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3349:

40th Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906; 14th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment

3280:

48th Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906; 13th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

3084:

29th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906; 12th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment

2995:

16th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906; 11th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

1586: 8032: 8012: 7683: 7396: 7234: 7025: 6916: 6772: 6676: 6659: 3969:

33rd Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911; 8th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment

3596:

30th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906; 7th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

3321:

21st Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911; 1st Co, 1st Sapper Regiment

3266:

26th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906; 3rd Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

3252:

23rd Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906; 2nd Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment

3229: 2798: 2776: 2616: 2608: 2370: 2300: 2268: 2260: 1951: 1682: 1666: 1658: 1626: 1618: 1562: 1486: 1414: 1375: 1299: 398: 266: 90: 4296:"Caltanissetta" Brigade – 147th (I-III) & 148th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 2978:"Palermo" Brigade – 67th (I-III) and 68th (I, III & IV) Infantry Regiments 2380:

of July 1917 failed. Also arrived German troops from Romanian front after the

1881: 8372: 8143: 7431: 7425: 6861: 6778: 6689: 4287: 3865: 2969: 2903: 2612: 2351: 2328: 2272: 2109: 2087: 2050: 1897: 1868: 1835: 1714: 1706: 1490: 1466: 1418: 1266:. It involved a series of military engagements along the border between the 738: 627: 532: 500: 393: 315: 296: 257: 4705:

The other squadron of this regiment was attached to the Carnia Zone command.

4235:"Alessandria" Brigade – 155th (I-III) & 156th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3573:

14th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 (3 batteries arr. 27 May)

3570:

The King's ("Re") Brigade – 1st (I-III) & 2nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments

2513: 1274:

from 1915 to 1918. Following secret promises made by the Allies in the 1915

58: 7593: 7020: 6219: 5958: 4111:"Cremona" Brigade – 21st (I-III) & 22nd (I, III, IV) Infantry Regiments 4006:

1st Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 (2 batteries arr. 26 May)

3695:"Pinerolo" Brigade – 13th (I-III) & 14th (I, II, IV) Infantry Regiments 3678:

Sardinia Grenadiers – 1st (I, II, IV) & 2nd (I-III) Grenadier Regiments

3567:"Pistoia" Brigade – 35th (I, III, IV) & 36th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3332:"Salerno" Brigade – 89th (I, III, IV) & 90th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3246:"Ravenna" Brigade – 37th (I, III, IV) & 38th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 2906:

in the aftermath of World War I. Italy also gained a permanent seat in the

2822: 2814: 2684: 2671: 2663: 2565: 2425: 2424:

ordered to stop their retreat and defend the fortified defenses around the

2421: 2361:

The Austro-Hungarians received desperately needed reinforcements after the

2229: 1807:

valley, which adjoins the Italian foothills of the Alps in the southwest.

1792: 1780: 1757: 1338: 1311: 326: 86: 4833:

30 May the 2nd Bersagliari Cyclist Battalion left Rome to join this corps.

4333:"Catanzaro" Brigade – 141st (I-III) & 142nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments 4319:"Campagnia" Brigade – 135th (I-III) & 136th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 4316:"Benevento" Brigade – 133rd (I-III) & 134th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 4166:"Palermo" Brigade – 39th (I-III) & 40th (I, II, IV) Infantry Regiments 2975:"Cuneo" Brigade – 7th (I, III & IV) and 8th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 2844:

in September 1919. His popularity among nationalists led him to be called

2311:

in this theatre of the war. Focal points of the underground fighting were

2244: 1997: 637: 7804: 7709: 7407: 6835: 6256: 6013: 5991: 4249:"Barletta" Brigade – 137th (I-III) & 138th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 4232:"Piacenza" Brigade – 159th (I-III) & 160th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 4218:"Macerata" Brigade – 121st (I-III) & 122nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments 4163:"Siena" Brigade – 31st (I, III, IV) & 32nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3877:"Basilicata" Brigade – 91st (I-III) & 92nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3782:

1st Group of Horse Artillery (Horse Artillery batteries 1 & 2) 75/912

3709:

2nd Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 (not arrived by 24 May)

3698:"Acqui" Brigade – 17th (I, III, IV) & 18th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3619:

2nd Group of Horse Artillery (Horse Artillery batteries 1 & 2) 75/912

3329:"Modena" Brigade – 41st (I-III) & 42nd (I, II, IV) Infantry Regiments 3318:"Valtellina" Brigade – 65th (I-III) & 66th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3294:

6th Group, 1st Heavy Field Artillery Regiment (13th & 14th batteries)

3249:"Forli Brigade" – 43rd (I-III) & 44th (I, III, IV) Infantry Regiments 2917: 2651: 2634: 2525: 2502: 2468: 2456: 2320: 2276: 2046: 1784: 1514: 1474: 1422: 1295: 1263: 782: 670: 4916:

3 June 4 Bersagliari Cyclist Battalion left Turin to join this division.

4299:"Catania" Brigade – 145th (I-III) & 146th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 4221:"Sassari" Brigade – 151st (I-III) & 152nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments 4122:"Perugia" Brigade – 129th (I-III) & 130th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3343:"Liguria" Brigade – 157th (I-III) & 158th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3277:"Firenza" Brigade – 127th (I-III) & 128th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3263:"Lombardia" Brigade – 73rd (I-III) & 74th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 2654:

landed from the sea in Trieste. The following day the Istrian cities of

2015: 1904:

The 1st Army was to encircle the Tyrolean front from the west and south.

4406:"Padova" Brigade – 117th (I-III) & 118th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 4246:"Chieti" Brigade – 123rd (I-III) & 124th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3966:"Calabria" Brigade – 59th (I-III) & 60th (II-IV) Infantry Regiments 3854: 3639:

2nd Group, 2nd Heavy Field Artillery Regiment (4th & 5th batteries)

3420:

4th Group, 1st Heavy Field Artillery Regiment (batteries 8, 9 & 10)

3346:"Emilia" Brigade – 119th (I-III) & 120th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3274:"Spezia" Brigade – 125th (I-III) & 126th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3187:

3rd Group, 1st Heavy Field Artillery Regiment (6th & 7th batteries)

3095:"Abruzzi" Brigade—57th (I, III, IV) and 58th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3048:

2nd Group, 1st Heavy Field Artillery Regiment (4th & 5th batteries)

2585: 2409: 2053:, but the Italians initially outnumbered their opponents three-to-one. 1678: 5496: 5283:

Cletus Pichler, Der Krieg in Tirol 1915/1916, Innsbruck 1924, p. 33 f.

4125:"Lazio" Brigade – 131st (I-III) & 132nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3844:

5 squadrons of aeroplanes (Nos 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 13th & 14th Bleriot)

3817:

1st Group, 2nd Heavy Field Artillery Regiment (1, 2 & 3 batteries)

3484:

4th Group, 2d Heavy Field Artillery Regiment (batteries 8, 9 & 10)

3315:"Bergamo" Brigade – 25th (I-III) & 26th (II-IV) Infantry Regiments 3260:"Livorno" Brigade – 33rd (I-III) & 34th (IV-VI) Infantry Regiments 3092:"Venezia" Brigade—83rd (I-III) and 84th (I, II, IV) Infantry Regiments 2913: 2854:

and the blackshirt paramilitary uniform would later be adopted by the

2692: 2339: 2279:, required extreme skill of both Austro-Hungarian and Italian miners. 2197:

the same line of thought for the Austro-Hungarians. On 25 August, the

1593:

was replaced on January 13, 1915 as Foreign Minister by the Hungarian

1417:

alienated Italy from its previous partners in the Triple Alliance, as

7599: 7366: 4455: 4330:"Bari" Brigade – 139th (I-III) & 140th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3949:"Reggio" Brigade – 45th (I-III) & 46th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3911:"Ancona" Brigade – 69th (I-III) & 70th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3908:"Marche" Brigade – 55th (I-III) & 56th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3897:"Umbria" Brigade – 53rd (I-III) & 54th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3590:"Casale" Brigade – 11th (I-III) & 12th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3078:"Roma" Brigade—79th (II, III, IV) and 80th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3007:"Milano" Brigade – 159th (I-III) and 160th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 2708: 2629: 2324: 2252: 2181:

Later in 1916, four more battles along the Isonzo river erupted. The

1987: 1966: 1942: 1598: 1461:. The Archduke was heir to the throne and the main representative of 1166: 150: 4714:

A Krupp 75 mm cannon designed for horse artillery (75/27 mod. 1912).

3883:

2 batteries of 70 A. pack (pack batteries 6 & 13) (arr. 20 June)

3880:

25th Field Artillery Regiment (-) (5 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 1 June)

3814:

X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV Battalions, Royal Customs Guards (Coastal)

3593:"Pavia" Brigade – 27th (I-III) & 28th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3181:"Mantova" Brigade—113th (I-III) and 114th Infantry (I-III) Regiments 3109:"Treviso" Brigade—115th (I-III) and 116th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 2992:"Sicilia" Brigade – 61st (I-III) and 62nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments 2989:"Toscana" Brigade – 77th (I-III) and 78th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 7859: 5451:

The award of the Military Medal for the campaign in Italy 1917-1918

4642:

1st Group was with 23rd Division; 3rd Group was with 24th Division.

4139:

7th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) (arr. Early June) 75/911

3963:"Alpi" Brigade – 51st (I-III) & 52nd (II-IV) Infantry Regiments 3785:

3rd Group, 2nd Heavy Field Artillery Regiment (batteries 6 & 7)

3681:

31st Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) (not arrived by 24 May)

3576:

1 group of 3 batteries of 70 A. pack (pack batteries 2, 7 & 14)

2826: 2789: 2401: 2316: 2157: 1834:, who was already in command of the Balkan forces, was promoted to 1788: 1602: 1582: 1458: 1291: 1287: 475: 4269:

44th Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 8–9 June)

4194:

12th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 (arr. 6–9 June)

4169:

24th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 5–9 June)

3986:

Belluno Group of Mt. Artillery (Mt batteries 22, 23, 24, & 58)

3106:"Ivrea" Brigade—161st (I-III) and 162nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3010:"Novara" Brigade—153rd I-III) and 154th (I-III) Infantry Regiments 2392:

On 24 October 1917 the Austro-Hungarians and Germans launched the

2129:

The Italians again launched another offensive on 10 November, the

1529:

of the intended action against Serbia, breeching Article 7 of the

4302:

49th Field Artillery Regiment (5 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 12 June)

3450:

1st Group, 10th Field Artillery Regiment (batteries 1, 2 & 3)

3081:"Pugile" Brigade—71st (II-IV) and 72nd (I-III) Infantry Regiments 3039:

27th Light Cavalry Regiment of Aquila (4 squadrons) (arr. 20 May)

2940: 2846: 2793: 2667: 2659: 2655: 2530: 2405: 2397: 2312: 2233: 2186: 2083: 1956:

throughout 1915 hand-grenades remained unheard of in the trenches

1946: 1796: 1569:

in terms of compensation. Also urged by the ambassadors in Rome,

1322: 146: 142: 5256:

Rauchensteiner, Doppeladler; S. 244, Etschmann, Südfront, p. 27.

5238:

Jordan, Krieg, p. 88; Schaumann/Schubert, Süd-West-Front, S. 21.

4449: 4255:

25th Field Artillery Regiment (3 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 1 June)

4252:

43rd Field Artillery Regiment (6 batteries) 75/906 (arr. 2 June)

4177:

20th Division (Lieutenant General Eduardo Coardi di Carpenetto)

3478:

10th bis Bersaglieri Regiment (Btns 16 bis, 34 bis & 35 bis)

2836:

Furious over the peace settlement, the Italian nationalist poet

2079: 1846:

was reorganized and placed under the command of General d. Inf.

1577:, Berchtold gave in and on January 9, 1915 suggested to Emperor 946: 5478:"Liste précise régiments [parmi 6 divisions] en Italie" 3796:

9th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 (arr. 30 May)

2818: 2679: 2639: 2577: 2464: 2440: 2153: 2022: 1927: 1804: 1773: 1318: 138: 6225: 3481:

2nd Group, 10th Field Artillery Regiment (batteries 4 & 5)

3392:

Bergamo Group Mountain Artillery (Mt batteries 31, 32, 33, 61)

2576:, across the Piave. The Italian Army broke through a gap near 2554:

The decisive Battle of Vittorio Veneto (October–November 1918)

2293:

and covered supply routes for their soldiers like the Italian

1601:

and its coalfields to Austria-Hungary in compenastion for the

8027: 6102:

The White War: Life and Death on the Italian Front, 1915–1919

5900:

The Forgotten Front: The British Campaign in Italy, 1917–1918

5426:

The White War: Life and Death on the Italian Front, 1915–1919

4266:

49th, 50th & 52nd Bersaglieri Battalions (mobile militia)

4063:

VIII, XIX & XX Battalions, Royal Customs Guards (Coastal)

3622:

2nd Group, 3rd Field Artillery Regiment (batteries 4 & 5)

3089:

15th Infantry Division (Lieutenant General Luigi Lenchantin)

2870: 2830: 2712: 2696: 2675: 1800: 1633:

on March 22 marks a major setback for Austria-Hungary on the

5095:"Il 1861 e le quattro Guerre per l'Indipendenza (1848-1918)" 4678:

Attached for the "first bound forward": 149 G batteries 1–4.

4313:

27th Division (Lieutenant General Guglielmo Pecori Giraldi)

3871:

1st Division (Lieutenant General Alfonso Pettiti di Roreto)

3820:

1 group of 4 batteries of 149 G cannon (149 G batteries 1–4)

2715:

by the III Corps of the First Army with 20–22,000 soldiers.

1907:

The 4th Army was to set up position in the Cadore and Carnia

3983:

Torino-Susa Group of Mt. Artillery (Mt batteries 2 & 3)

3579:

1st Group, 1st Heavy Artillery Regiment (byts 1, 2 & 3)

3354:

Bersaglieri Division (Lieutenant General Alessandro Raspi)

3135:

41st, 42nd and 48th Bersaglieri Battalions (mobile militia)

3075:

9th Infantry Division (Lieutenant General Ferruccio Ferri)

2688: 1498: 4386:

source: Lieutenant General Alessandro Malingri di Bagnolo

3989:

Como Group of Mt. Artillery (Mt batteries 34, 35 & 36)

3540:

3 squadrons of aeroplanes (Nos 6th, 7th & 8th Newport)

3406:

Pinerola Group Mountain Artillery (Mt batteries 7 & 9)

2840:

led disaffected war veterans and nationalists to form the

8399:

Military history of the United Kingdom during World War I

5082:

La città di legno: profughi trentini in Austria 1915–1918

4814:

The other three batteries were assigned to 31st Division.

3601:

1st Cavalry Division (Lieutenant General Nicola Pirozzi)

3103:

34th Infantry Division (Lieutenant General Pasquale Oro)

5547:

Italian foreign policy in the interwar period, 1918–1940

5392: 5390: 5220:

Styria, Graz/Vienna/Cologne 1963, volume 2: pp. 705-717.

5149:

Il Manuale di Storia in Italia, di Piergiovanni Genovesi

4243:

31st Division (Lieutenant General Annibale Gastaldello)

4024:

1 regiment of mobile territorial infantry (3 battalions)

3891:

2nd Division (Lieutenant General Saverio Nasalli Rocca)

2007:

and Asiago offensive. In blue, initial Italian conquests

1862:

to protect the Tyrolean borders. It included the German

1585:. However, the Emperor and the Hungarian Prime Minister 1282:

entered the war on the Allied side, aiming to annex the

5516:"From the website of the museum of the war on Adamello" 5332: 5330: 5047:

International Encyclopedia of the First World War (WW1)

3126:

4th Bersaglieri Regiment (Btns 26 bis, 29 & 31 bis)

2986:

6th Infantry Division (Lieutenant General Oscar Roffi)

1689:

and the Entente, including the secret treaty of London.

5921:(4th ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. 3905:

10th Division (Lieutenant General Giovanni Scrivante)

3744:

22nd Division (Lieutenant General Vittorio Signorile)

3271:

32nd Division (Lieutenant General Alberto Piacentini)

2299:, both sides also attempted to break the stalemate of 1521:

deliberately failed to inform the (officially) allies

6203: 6175:

150,812 soldiers and 4,538 officers killed in action.

6037:

La Salute pubblica in Italia durante e dopo la Guerra

5402: 5387: 5375: 5363: 5218:

Leopold Graf Berchtold. Grand seigneur and statesman.

5205:

Leopold Graf Berchtold. Grand seigneur and statesman.

4759:

1st bis Co replaced 1st Co which was in the colonies.

4579:

Under command of the Presidio of the Verona Fortress.

4441:

Austro-Hungarian fortifications on the Italian border

4327:

28th Division (Lieutenant General Giuseppe Queirolo)

4119:

29th Division (Lieutenant General Fortunato Marazzi)

4072:

2 batteries of 70 A. pack (pack batteries 3 & 15)

4066:

1 squadron, 13th Light Cavalry Regiment of Monferrato

3636:

3rd Field Artillery Regiment (-) (6 batteries) 75/911

3308:

source: Lieutenant General Mario Nicolis de Robilant

2334: 1386:

in exchange for its recognition of the annexation of

6156:

Analyse des Stellungskrieges am Isonzo von 1915–1917

5976: 5902:. London: Continuum International Publishing Group. 5867:

Poteri narodonaseleniia v XX veke : spravochnik

5327: 5121:"La Grande Guerra nei manifesti italiani dell'epoca" 5074:

Slovene refugees in Italy during the First World War

5026: 4229:

30th Division (Lieutenant General Arcangelo Scotti)

4160:

19th Division (Lieutenant General Giuseppe Ciancio)

3564:

11th Division (Lieutenant General Ettore Mambretti)

3438:

23rd Division (Lieutenant General Giovanni Airaldi)

3166:

16th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment (barrier Brenta-Cismon)

3150:

22nd Light Cavalry Regiment of Catania (arr. 28 May)

2354:

managed to break the Austrian lines and capture the

2036:

Italian soldiers listening to their General's speech

1549:'s neutrality, in conjunction with Article 3 of the 5851:, headed by Lieutenant General Count Luigi Cadorna. 5784:"SAVOIA AOSTA, Emanuele Filiberto di, duca d'Aosta" 5207:

Styria, Graz/Vienna/Cologne 1963, Volume 1: p. 567.

5078:

Slovenski begunci v Italiji med prvo svetovno vojno

3922:

21st Light Cavalry Regiment of Padova (arr. 30 May)

3823:

1 battery of pack cannon of 70 A. (pack battery 19)

3675:"Messina" Brigade – 93rd (III, IV, V; 9 cos only); 3672:13th Division (Lieutenant General Cleto Angelotti) 3184:

4th Squadron, 27th Light Cavalry Regiment of Aquila

2263:which offered a degree of cover and allowed better 1961:Italy's first machine guns were prototypes, as the 5442: 5338: 5080:), Ljubljana. Diego Leoni – Camillo Zadra (1995), 4412:Royal Carabinieri Regiment of 3 battalions (9 cos) 4305:6th Squadron, 16th Light Cavalry Regiment of Lucca 3960:18th Division (Lieutenant General Vittorio Carpi) 3946:17th Division (Lieutenant General Diomede Saveri) 3900:17th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 3447:22nd Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 3335:28th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 3312:7th Division (Lieutenant General Nicola D'Avanzo) 3291:11th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 3243:3rd Division (Lieutenant General Giovanni Prelli) 2630:Occupation of Dalmatia, Istria, Trentino and Tyrol 2209: 5713:International Encyclopedia of the First World War 5695:International Encyclopedia of the First World War 5677:International Encyclopedia of the First World War 5313:La guerra: Come e dove l'ho vista e combattuta io 4615:1st Co in the colonies; replaced with 1st bis Co. 4504:The other 3 batteries were assigned to XIV Corps. 4367:Lieutenant General Carlo Guicciardi di Cervarolo 3925:8th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 3730:21st Division (Lieutenant General Carlo Mazzoli) 3417:4th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 3326:8th Division (Lieutenant General Guglielmo Lang) 3157:5th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/911 3042:6th Field Artillery Regiment (8 batteries) 75/906 2598:and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. 2136:After the winter lull, the Italians launched the 8370: 5572:Isonzo: The Forgotten Sacrifice of the Great War 3692:14th Division (Major General Giacinto Rostagno) 3169:16th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment (barrier Agno-Assa) 2898:as a "political myth", used by fascists to fuel 2537:. The Italian victory in this battle marked the 1742:- 23 May, Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary. 1378:: Italy expected compensations in the areas of " 429: 221: 7202:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers 4030:1 battalion of Miners (12, 16, 20 & 21 Cos) 3587:12th Division (Major General Oreste Zavattari) 3363:9th Bersaglieri Regiment (Btns 28, 30 & 32) 3340:33rd Division (Lieutenant General Carlo Ricci) 3257:4th Division (Major General Cesare Del Mastro) 2747:without ever being defeated on the battlefield. 2164: 2152:) in Trentino and directed over the plateau of 1926:front, and there was no major offensive on the 1918:Italian infantry soldier in full marching order 1823:The digging of trenches on the Isonzo front by 5986:. Vienna: Verl. der Militärwiss. Mitteilungen. 4750:One battalion detached to 2nd Cavalry Division 4293:26th Division (Major General Michele Salazar) 2941:Italian Army Order of Battle as of 24 May 1915 2743:for having reported numerous victories in the 2271:of the Dolomites, often in exposed areas near 1854:. The K. u. k. Landesverteidigungskommando in 1441:ignited by the prospect of an Italian victory. 77:(3 years, 5 months and 2 weeks) 6241: 5935: 5811:. University of Michigan Press. p. 293. 4021:XVI Battalion, Royal Custom Guards (Frontier) 3788:2 pack batteries (pack batteries 16 & 17) 3630:6th & 12th Bersaglieri Cyclist Battalions 3616:8th & 11th Bersagliari Cyclist Battalions 3288:9th & 10th Bersaglieri Cyclist Battalions 962: 653: 8394:Military history of Italy during World War I 5983:Österreich-Ungarns letzter Krieg 1914 - 1918 5969:In: Klaus Eisterer, Rolf Steininger (eds.): 4215:25th Division (Major General Luigi Capello) 4105:16th Division (Major General Luciano Secco) 4003:9th Lancer Regiment of Firenza (arr. 5 June) 3770:3rd & 7th Bersagliari Cyclist Battalions 3633:II Battalion, Royal Customs Corps (Frontier) 2869:(1924) led to the annexation of the city of 2441:Second Battle of the Piave River (June 1918) 2282:Beginning on the 13th, later referred to as 2056: 1669:within a month. The Entente also hoped that 1589:rejected it and at the instigation of Tisza 7692: 5996:The first World War; An Illustrated History 5630:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 150. 5574:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 303. 5061:La Prigionia di Guerra in Italia, 1914–1919 4575: 4573: 4344:56th Bersaglieri Battalion (mobile militia) 4051:source: Lieutenant General Clemente Lequio 3458:24th Division (Major General Gustavo Fara) 3383:Alpini Group A (Colonel Riccardo Tedeschi) 3147:I Battalion, Royal Custom Guards (Frontier) 3027:45th Bersaglieri Battalion (mobile militia) 3000:35th Infantry Division (Lieutenant General 1685:exposed to the public all treaties of Tsar 667: 6248: 6234: 5916: 5889:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5804: 5594: 5453:. privately published by Anne Williamson. 5448: 5113: 5097:(in Italian). 6 March 2015. Archived from 4947:Under the command of the Piazza di Venezia 4805:June), 9 (at Belluno 31 May), 10 & 11. 4741:Detached to 1st Cavalry Division, VI Corps 3654:1st & 2nd Squadrons aeroplanes Bleriot 2968:5th Infantry Division (Lieutenant General 2920:, Italian patriot and hero of World War I. 2501:began with a diversionary attack near the 2173:The Austro-Hungarian supply line over the 2082:(Isonzo) river, take the fortress town of 1465:. Such reforms would have transformed the 1349:, whose military actions began during the 969: 955: 660: 646: 6078:Pompé, Daniel; et al., eds. (1924). 5569: 5549:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 4. 4943: 4941: 4939: 4937: 4935: 4933: 4931: 3802:10th Telegraph Co (not arrived by 24 May) 3712:13th Telegraph Co (not arrived by 24 May) 3684:1 battery of 70 A. pack (pack battery 12) 3397:Alpini Group B (Colonel Ernesto Alliana) 2642:on 3 November 1918, after the victorious 1629:for intervention in the war. The fall of 7491:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary 6166:, Tamari editori, Bologna, 1968, p. 214. 6096: 5864: 5625: 5420: 5145: 4570: 4136:23rd Light Cavalry Regiment of Umberto I 3560:source: Lieutenant General Carlo Ruelle 3551:Prince Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta 3434:source: Lieutenant General Luigi Segato 2931: 2912: 2883:was adopted by Mussolini and led to the 2737:Prince Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta 2722: 2633: 2533:, 3 November 1918, after the victorious 2524: 2512: 2450: 2338: 2267:. Working at high altitudes in the hard 2238: 2223: 2220:Mines on the Italian front (World War I) 2168: 2078:An Italian offensive aimed to cross the 2066: 2031: 1979:regiment had four machine gun sections, 1913: 1818: 445: 235: 7868:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration 6043: 6034: 5544: 5538: 5146:Genovesi, Piergiovanni (11 June 2009). 4985: 4381: 4362: 3841:3 sections of field aerostatic balloons 3537:3 sections of field aerostatic balloons 3160:1st, 13th, 14th & ½ 7th Cos, Miners 2156:, with the aim to break through to the 2143: 2003:The Italian Front in 1915–1917: eleven 1605:was likewise rejected in February 1915. 410: 14: 8371: 6012: 5990: 5897: 5768:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 5408: 5396: 5381: 5369: 5336: 5180:Amended Version of the Triple Alliance 4966:Detached to Brundisi; rejoined 4 July. 4928: 4567:Deport 75 mm cannon (75/27 Mod. 1911). 4513:75 mm Krupp cannon (75/27 Model 1906). 4085: 4078:6th & 21st Cos 1st Sapper Regiment 3799:5th Pontoon Co (not arrived by 24 May) 3051:1st Battalion, Miners (Cos 10, 11, 18) 2650:Italian soldiers entered Trento while 8389:Campaigns and theatres of World War I 7821:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia 7157:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele) 6229: 6077: 6070:. New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 5839:, Il Mulino, Bologna 1999, pp.101-106 5619: 5502: 3776:1 battalion of 14th Infantry Regiment 3613:1 battalion of 20th Infantry Regiment 3508:1 Pontoon battalion (Cos 6, 7, 8, 13) 2435: 1756:The Italian Front stretched from the 950: 641: 8225:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne 5946:Military Operations: Italy 1915–1919 5265:Etschmann, Südfront, p. 27, p. 29 f. 2193:German, French, and British armies. 8154:Ottomans against the Triple Entente 6948:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes 6039:. New Haven: Yale University Press. 4446:Museum of the White War in Adamello 2539:end of the war on the Italian Front 2090:. This offensive opened the first 1850:who on May 27 had arrived from the 1290:and the territories of present-day 24: 6887:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes 5315:(Milan: A.Mondadori, 1935), p. 35. 4795:Detached from the Queen's Brigade. 4522:One squadron attached to 1st Army. 2699:, which became the capital of the 2517:The Italian front in 1918 and the 2335:1917: Germany arrives on the front 1701:Salandra officially renounces the 1343:Fourth Italian War of Independence 1298:. The front soon bogged down into 25: 8420: 5808:Modern Italy: A Political History 5505:, pp. 508–511, 730–731, 826. 3942:Lieutenant General Pietro Marini 3239:Lieutenant General Enzio Reisoli 2936:Italian propaganda poster in 1917 2809:(1920) allowed the annexation of 2739:in the foreground, nicknamed the 2541:, secured the dissolution of the 2492:Archduke Joseph August of Austria 2251:From 1915, the high peaks of the 1477:kingdom under Serbian leadership. 1365: 1355:First Italian War of Independence 976: 30:For other Italian campaigns, see 7250:Second Battle of the Piave River 6872:Russian invasion of East Prussia 6213: 5723:Giuseppe Praga, Franco Luxardo. 4960: 4950: 4919: 4910: 4901: 4892: 4883: 4015: 3832:4th, 10th & 11th Pontoon Cos 3808: 3723:Main Source: Lieutenant General 3493: 2499:Second Battle of the Piave River 2447:Second Battle of the Piave River 2014: 1996: 626: 607: 583: 566: 547: 525: 511: 493: 480: 463: 447: 431: 412: 392: 380: 367: 356: 343: 331: 320: 309: 289: 276: 250: 237: 223: 210: 197: 182: 57: 8321:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo 7521:Lithuanian Wars of Independence 6255: 6188: 6178: 6046:The Italian Army of World War I 5842: 5837:Miti e storia dell'Italia unita 5825: 5798: 5776: 5730: 5717: 5699: 5681: 5664: 5655: 5588: 5563: 5508: 5470: 5414: 5318: 5305: 5296: 5286: 5277: 5268: 5259: 5250: 5241: 5232: 5223: 5210: 5197: 5184: 5173: 5139: 5087: 5066: 5053: 4874: 4865: 4856: 4846: 4836: 4827: 4817: 4808: 4798: 4789: 4780: 4771: 4762: 4753: 4744: 4735: 4726: 4717: 4708: 4699: 4690: 4681: 4672: 4663: 4654: 4645: 4636: 4627: 4618: 4609: 4600: 4591: 4582: 4561: 4552: 4543: 4534: 4525: 4516: 4507: 4498: 4489: 4468: 2803:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye 2210:Tunnel warfare in the mountains 1900:, three main points were set: 1814: 117:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye 51:European theatre of World War I 8384:Austria-Hungary in World War I 8144:Austria-Hungary against Serbia 8003:Deportations from East Prussia 7800:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia 6169: 6148: 6135: 6126: 5971:Tirol und der Erste Weltkrieg. 5449:Williamson, Howard J. (2020). 5043:"War Losses (Austria-Hungary)" 5035: 5020: 5008: 4994: 4979: 4046: 3848: 3773:10th Infantry Regiment (I-III) 3645:½ 18th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment 3223: 3175: 3057:½ 18th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment 2890:, becoming a key point in the 1597:. A German proposal of giving 112:Dissolution of Austria-Hungary 27:Italian theatre of World War I 18:Italian Campaign (World War I) 13: 1: 8055:Ukrainian Canadian internment 6145:24 October – 19 November 1917 6020:. London: Random House (UK). 5428:. London: Faber & Faber. 5029:, pp. BeiL. IV. V. VII. 4973: 4203: 4093: 3779:1 battalion of 1st Grenadiers 3544: 3202:1 section, radiotelegraph of 2945: 2902:and obscure the successes of 2601: 2369:soldiers rushed in after the 2363:Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo 2255:range were an area of fierce 1751: 1697:- 4 May, In the midst of the 1497:, German military attaché in 75:23 May 1915 – 6 November 1918 8404:World War I orders of battle 8210:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement 7509:Estonian War of Independence 7177:Southern Palestine offensive 6198:24 October – 4 November 1918 6120: 6066:Page, Thomas Nelson (1920). 5978:Glaise von Horstenau, Edmund 5708:War Losses (Austria-Hungary) 5690:War Losses (Austria-Hungary) 5152:(in Italian). FrancoAngeli. 5123:(in Italian). Archived from 4452:, in the Upper Val Camonica. 4415:19th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment 4308:19th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment 4281: 4258:13th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment 3928:½ 7th & 21st Cos, Miners 3660: 3549:source: His Royal Highness, 3517:1 section radiotelegraph of 3453:12th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment 3429: 3193:17th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment 2956: 2718: 2707:(1920). Italy occupied also 2430:First Battle of Monte Grappa 2165:Later battles for the Isonzo 1746: 1449:- 28 June, Assassination of 1390:, as was agreed upon in the 7: 8379:Italian front (World War I) 8164:USA against Austria-Hungary 7563:Turkish War of Independence 7515:Latvian War of Independence 7240:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918 6831:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo 6104:. London: Faber and Faber. 5628:A Military History of Italy 5570:Schindler, John R. (2001). 4434: 4418:1st & 7th Telegraph Cos 4286:source: Lieutenant General 4208:source: Lieutenant General 4172:9th Co, 1st Sapper Regiment 4153:source: Lieutenant General 4098:source: Lieutenant General 3937: 3886:5th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment 3853:source: Lieutenant General 3718: 3687:2nd Co, 1st Sapper Regiment 3665:source: Lieutenant General 3582:6th Co, 2nd Sapper Regiment 3555: 3303: 3234: 3068:source: Lieutenant General 2892:propaganda of Fascist Italy 2751:As the war came to an end, 2662:, the Dalmatian islands of 2581:greeted by the population. 2508:Svetozar Boroević von Bojna 2455:Austro-Hungarian trench in 2131:Fourth Battle of the Isonzo 2117:Second Battle of the Isonzo 1621:, with the backing of king 1505:and its military prospects. 10: 8425: 8247:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk 7795:1899–1923 cholera pandemic 7255:Second Battle of the Marne 7142:Second battle of the Aisne 7011:Second Battle of Champagne 6852:German invasion of Belgium 6164:1916. Le montagne scottano 6072:Full Text Available Online 5898:Cassar, George H. (1998). 5857: 5805:Mack Smith, Denis (1997). 5727:. Giardini, 1993. Pp. 281. 5595:Mack Smith, Denis (1982). 5545:Burgwyn, H. James (1997). 5484:(in French). 10 April 2006 5274:Jordan, Krieg, p. 220–223. 4474:The French units were (i) 4148: 3859: 3369:(Btns 15 bis, 27 & 33) 3190:2nd & 17th Cos, Miners 3063: 2557: 2529:Italian troops landing in 2444: 2213: 2183:Sixth Battle of the Isonzo 2138:Fifth Battle of the Isonzo 2124:Third Battle of the Isonzo 2099:First Battle of the Isonzo 2060: 1985: 1473:'s interest in founding a 1360: 29: 8353: 8312: 8233: 8172: 8134: 8078: 8067: 8028:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo) 7971: 7943: 7891: 7813: 7787: 7739: 7632: 7625: 7557:Irish War of Independence 7453: 7335: 7300:Armistice of Villa Giusti 7285:Battle of Vittorio Veneto 7210: 7112: 7039: 6940: 6897:First Battle of the Marne 6844: 6806: 6741: 6732: 6675: 6549: 6538: 6504: 6476: 6438: 6390: 6343: 6336: 6263: 5941:Davies, Sir Henry Rodolph 5705:Anatol Schmied-Kowarzik, 5687:Anatol Schmied-Kowarzik, 5027:Glaise von Horstenau 1932 5017:, The War Office, p. 744. 4353:2nd & 9th Pontoon Cos 4075:4th & 6th Cos, Miners 3838:1 squad field photography 3761:HQ of the Queen's Brigade 3534:1 squad field photography 3373:12th Bersaglieri Regiment 3367:11th Bersaglieri Regiment 3024:(Btns 8, 10 & 11 bis) 2756:Vittorio Emanuele Orlando 2644:Battle of Vittorio Veneto 2560:Battle of Vittorio Veneto 2535:Battle of Vittorio Veneto 2519:Battle of Vittorio Veneto 2384:. The Germans introduced 2057:Battles of Isonzo in 1915 1625:, submit an offer to the 1331:armistice of Villa Giusti 1302:, similar to that on the 986: 678: 540: 404: 302: 161: 107:Armistice of Villa Giusti 67: 56: 48: 43: 8180:Constantinople Agreement 7473:Armenian–Azerbaijani War 7336:Co-belligerent conflicts 7305:Second Romanian campaign 7275:Third Transjordan attack 6986:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive 6892:Battle of Grand Couronné 6194:c. 380.000 alone during 6141:c. 300,000 alone during 5951:History of the Great War 5865:Erlikman, Vadim (2004). 4484:31st Army Corps (France) 4476:12th Army Corps (France) 4461: 4400: 4039:1 section radiotelegraph 3998:3rd Bersaglieri Regiment 3835:1 section radiotelegraph 3358:6th Bersaglieri Regiment 3219:1 squad, telephotography 3132:(Btns 3 bis, 5 & 12) 3130:8th Bersaglieri Regiment 3123:(Btns 2 bis, 4 & 17) 3121:2nd Bersaglieri Regiment 3022:7th Bersaglieri Regiment 2925:La Domenica del Corriere 2767:Prime Minister of France 2400:or Karfreit in German). 2296:Strada delle 52 Gallerie 2289:In addition to building 2216:Strada delle 52 Gallerie 2097:At the beginning of the 2071:Austro-Hungarian 350 mm 1858:(LVK) was handed to GdK 1453:by the Serb nationalist 1451:Archduke Franz Ferdinand 936:Indian and Pacific Ocean 522:1915: up to 61 divisions 8409:Wars involving Slovenia 8243:Modus vivendi of Acroma 8195:Bulgaria–Germany treaty 7503:Greater Poland Uprising 7403:National Protection War 7280:Meuse–Argonne offensive 7230:German spring offensive 7225:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 7001:Siege of Novogeorgievsk 6976:Second Battle of Artois 6857:Battle of the Frontiers 6068:Italy and the World War 6044:Nicolle, David (2003). 5967:Die Südfront 1915–1918. 5917:Clodfelter, M. (2017). 5626:Paoletti, Ciro (2008). 5345:. Knopf, N.Y. pp. 5084:, Trento-Rovereto 1995. 5072:Petra Svoljšak (1991). 4925:Squadron No 2 in Libya. 4042:1 squad telephotography 3610:94th Infantry Regiment 2774:United States President 2729:Redipuglia War Memorial 2701:Governorate of Dalmatia 2545:and contributed to the 2543:Austro-Hungarian Empire 1803:spreads out around the 1108:Caporetto (12th Isonzo) 8268:Paris Peace Conference 8256:Ukraine–Central Powers 8050:Massacres of Albanians 8018:Late Ottoman genocides 7825:Bulgarian occupations 7533:Third Anglo-Afghan War 7497:Hungarian–Romanian War 7315:Naval Victory Bulletin 7310:Armistice with Germany 7260:Hundred Days Offensive 7187:Battle of La Malmaison 7137:Second battle of Arras 7104:Battle of Transylvania 6958:Second Battle of Ypres 6826:Sarajevo assassination 6715:South African Republic 5998:. London: Hutchinson. 4000:(Btns 18, 20 & 25) 3375:(Btns 21, 23 & 26) 2937: 2929: 2910:'s executive council. 2760:British Prime Minister 2753:Italian Prime Minister 2748: 2647: 2591:Armistice with Austria 2550: 2522: 2460: 2347: 2321:Col di Lana/Monte Sief 2248: 2243:Trenches at the mount 2236: 2178: 2075: 2037: 1972:Fiat-Revelli Mod. 1914 1938: 1919: 1875:and was to secure the 1828: 1403: 1258:) was one of the main 1255: 1247: 1139:Capture of Col Moschin 303:Commanders and leaders 8278:Treaty of St. Germain 8251:Russia–Central Powers 8205:Sykes–Picot Agreement 8033:Pontic Greek genocide 8008:Destruction of Kalisz 7984:Eastern Mediterranean 7545:Polish–Lithuanian War 7327:Armistice of Belgrade 7290:Armistice of Salonica 7220:Operation Faustschlag 7167:Third Battle of Oituz 7089:Baranovichi offensive 7057:Lake Naroch offensive 7031:Battle of Robat Karim 7006:Vistula–Bug offensive 6981:Battles of the Isonzo 6912:First Battle of Ypres 6132:Presumed dead by 1921 5337:Keegan, John (1999). 5059:Tortato, Alessandro: 4427:Dirigibles P4, P5, M1 4350:30th Mountain Battery 3360:(Btns 6, 13 & 19) 3045:30th Mountain Battery 2935: 2928:, 24 September 1916). 2922:(From Italian weekly 2916: 2726: 2637: 2528: 2516: 2454: 2342: 2242: 2227: 2172: 2092:Battles of the Isonzo 2086:, and then enter the 2073:L/45 M. 16 naval guns 2070: 2063:Battles of the Isonzo 2035: 2005:Battles of the Isonzo 1933: 1917: 1822: 1717:to stop mobilization. 1661:on the one part, and 1398: 778:Sinai & Palestine 541:Casualties and losses 374:Conrad von Hötzendorf 8273:Treaty of Versailles 7989:Mount Lebanon famine 7904:in the United States 7872:Russian occupations 7586:Turkish–Armenian War 7527:Polish–Ukrainian War 7467:Ukrainian–Soviet War 7414:Central Asian Revolt 7197:Armistice of Focșani 6927:Battle of Sarikamish 6877:Battle of Tannenberg 6273:Military engagements 5965:Wolfgang Etschmann: 5833:La vittoria mutilata 5520:museoguerrabianca.it 5247:Jordan, Krieg, p. 89 5127:on 23 September 2015 4382:4th Cavalry Division 4363:3rd Cavalry Division 2894:. Historians regard 2786:Treaty of Versailles 2674:, and the cities of 2549:just one week later. 2386:infiltration tactics 2291:underground shelters 2144:The Asiago offensive 2103:Gorizia and Gradisca 1884:regiments and three 1873:Franz Rohr von Denta 1699:Gorlice breakthrough 1347:unification of Italy 1220:Tre Cime di Lavaredo 1051:Gorizia (6th Isonzo) 580:670 missing/captured 387:Arz von Straußenburg 8340:They shall not pass 8263:Treaty of Bucharest 8220:Treaty of Bucharest 8159:USA against Germany 8136:Declarations of war 7840:German occupations 7753:British casualties 7612:Soviet–Georgian War 7539:Egyptian Revolution 7479:Armeno-Georgian War 7343:Somaliland campaign 7295:Armistice of Mudros 7172:Battle of Caporetto 7162:Battle of Mărășești 7132:Zimmermann telegram 7127:February Revolution 7072:Battle of the Somme 6996:Bug-Narew Offensive 6971:Battle of Gallipoli 6963:Sinking of the RMS 6755:Scramble for Africa 6749:Franco-Prussian War 6405:Sinai and Palestine 6035:Mortara, G (1925). 6018:The first World War 5725:History of Dalmatia 5341:The First World War 5194:Berlin 2008, p. 60. 4086:High Command Troops 3974:Additional Organic 3864:Lieutenant General 3228:Lieutenant General 3070:Florenzio Aliprindi 2961:Lieutenant General 2950:Lieutenant General 2900:Italian imperialism 2842:Free State of Fiume 2838:Gabriele D'Annunzio 2811:Trentino Alto-Adige 2735:, with the tomb of 2638:Italian cavalry in 2615:, and 156,251 from 2481:strategic materials 2394:Battle of Caporetto 2382:Battle of Mărășești 2345:Battle of Caporetto 2303:by tunneling under 2154:Altopiano di Asiago 1886:k.k. Landesschützen 1623:Victor Emmanuel III 1351:revolutions of 1848 1335:Trentino-Alto Adige 1325:by Italy's forces. 887:North-West Frontier 597:700 died indirectly 470:Czechoslovak Legion 350:Jean César Graziani 204:Czechoslovak Legion 153:until the armistice 8300:Treaty of Lausanne 8215:Paris Economy Pact 8149:UK against Germany 8079:Entry into the war 8045:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan) 7764:Ottoman casualties 7574:Franco-Turkish War 7454:Post-War conflicts 7438:Russian Revolution 7420:Invasion of Darfur 7385:Kelantan rebellion 7373:Kurdish rebellions 7349:Mexican Revolution 7182:October Revolution 7147:Kerensky offensive 7122:Capture of Baghdad 7099:Monastir offensive 7084:Brusilov offensive 6922:Battle of Kolubara 6761:Russo-Japanese War 5190:Alexander Jordan: 4480:10th Army (France) 3002:Felice De Chaurand 2938: 2930: 2879:. The rhetoric of 2770:Georges Clemenceau 2763:David Lloyd George 2749: 2648: 2551: 2547:end of World War I 2523: 2461: 2436:1918: The war ends 2396:(Italian name for 2348: 2249: 2237: 2179: 2076: 2038: 1947:Carcano 1891 model 1920: 1829: 1734:ordered on May 22. 1571:Bernhard von Bülow 1388:Bosnia-Herzegovina 783:Hejaz & Levant 363:Archduke Friedrich 8366: 8365: 8349: 8348: 8333:The Golden Virgin 8327:Mutilated victory 8308: 8307: 8288:Treaty of Trianon 8283:Treaty of Neuilly 8190:Damascus Protocol 8063: 8062: 8023:Armenian genocide 7980:Allied blockades 7952:Belgian refugees 7735: 7734: 7645:Strategic bombing 7621: 7620: 7606:Franco-Syrian War 7580:Greco-Turkish War 7568:Anglo-Turkish War 7551:Polish–Soviet War 7485:German Revolution 7461:Russian Civil War 7444:Finnish Civil War 7270:Battle of Megiddo 7245:Battle of Goychay 7192:Battle of Cambrai 7152:Battle of Mărăști 7067:Battle of Jutland 7047:Erzurum offensive 6902:Siege of Przemyśl 6882:Siege of Tsingtao 6867:Battle of Galicia 6797:Second Balkan War 6785:Italo-Turkish War 6742:Pre-War conflicts 6728: 6727: 6618:Portuguese Empire 6534: 6533: 6496:German New Guinea 6478:Asian and Pacific 6111:978-0-465-01329-6 6050:Osprey Publishing 5818:978-0-472-10895-4 5750:on 22 August 2017 5670:Pierluigi Scolè, 5637:978-0-275-98505-9 5601:. Knopf. p. 5460:978-1-8739960-5-8 5435:978-0-571-22333-6 4988:, pp. 28–29 4356:23rd Telegraph Co 4275:18th Telegraph Co 4197:15th Telegraph Co 4142:14th Telegraph Co 4081:19th Telegraph Co 4033:22nd Telegraph Co 3931:12th Telegraph Co 3829:21st Telegraph Co 3514:24th Telegraph Co 3423:17th Telegraph Co 3199:16th Telegraph Co 3163:11th Telegraph Co 2963:Vittorio Camerana 2908:League of Nations 2896:mutilated victory 2881:mutilated victory 2876:mutilated victory 2807:Treaty of Rapallo 2705:Treaty of Rapallo 2622:Austro-Hungarian 2596:Habsburg monarchy 2415:Tagliamento River 2323:also with 5, and 2265:logistics support 2042:Italo-Turkish War 1963:Perino Model 1908 1848:Svetozar Boroević 1729:is reinstated as 1649:is signed by the 1495:Alfred von Kleist 1284:Austrian Littoral 1233: 1232: 944: 943: 812:South West Africa 636: 635: 536:1917: 5 divisions 490:1918: 3 regiments 459:1918: 2 divisions 443:1917: 3 divisions 157: 156: 122:Treaty of Trianon 16:(Redirected from 8416: 8293:Treaty of Sèvres 8185:Treaty of London 8076: 8075: 7854:Northeast France 7785: 7784: 7757:Parliamentarians 7690: 7689: 7652:Chemical weapons 7630: 7629: 7391:Senussi campaign 7361:Muscat rebellion 7355:Maritz rebellion 7323: 7265:Vardar offensive 7094:Battle of Romani 7062:Battle of Asiago 7052:Battle of Verdun 7016:Kosovo offensive 6791:First Balkan War 6739: 6738: 6638:Russian Republic 6547: 6546: 6341: 6340: 6283:Economic history 6250: 6243: 6236: 6227: 6226: 6218: 6217: 6216: 6209: 6199: 6192: 6186: 6182: 6176: 6173: 6167: 6152: 6146: 6139: 6133: 6130: 6115: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6063: 6040: 6031: 6009: 5987: 5962: 5932: 5913: 5894: 5888: 5880: 5852: 5846: 5840: 5829: 5823: 5822: 5802: 5796: 5795: 5793: 5791: 5780: 5774: 5773: 5767: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5749: 5743:. 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552: 551: 531: 529: 528: 517: 515: 514: 499: 497: 496: 485: 484: 483: 472: 468: 467: 466: 457: 453: 451: 450: 441: 437: 435: 434: 422: 418: 416: 415: 397: 396: 389: 385: 384: 376: 372: 371: 361: 360: 352: 348: 347: 336: 335: 325: 324: 314: 313: 295: 293: 292: 282: 280: 279: 256: 254: 253: 247: 243: 241: 240: 233: 229: 227: 226: 215: 214: 213: 206: 202: 201: 200: 187: 186: 102:Italian victory 69: 68: 61: 41: 40: 32:Italian Campaign 21: 8424: 8423: 8419: 8418: 8417: 8415: 8414: 8413: 8369: 8368: 8367: 8362: 8345: 8304: 8236: 8229: 8200:Treaty of Darin 8168: 8130: 8086:Austria-Hungary 8072: 8059: 8040:Rape of Belgium 7967: 7939: 7887: 7881:Western Armenia 7876:Eastern Galicia 7809: 7783: 7747: 7746:Civilian impact 7745: 7731: 7688: 7617: 7449: 7379:Ovambo Uprising 7331: 7317: 7206: 7108: 7035: 6953:Battle of Łomża 6936: 6932:Christmas truce 6907:Race to the Sea 6840: 6802: 6724: 6695:Austria-Hungary 6671: 6606:Empire of Japan 6543: 6541: 6530: 6514:U-boat campaign 6500: 6472: 6434: 6386: 6332: 6313:Popular culture 6259: 6254: 6224: 6214: 6212: 6204: 6202: 6196:Vittorio Veneto 6193: 6189: 6183: 6179: 6174: 6170: 6153: 6149: 6140: 6136: 6131: 6127: 6123: 6118: 6112: 6087: 6085: 6060: 6028: 6006: 5929: 5910: 5882: 5881: 5877: 5860: 5855: 5849:Comando Supremo 5847: 5843: 5830: 5826: 5819: 5803: 5799: 5789: 5787: 5782: 5781: 5777: 5761: 5760: 5753: 5751: 5747: 5740: 5738:"Archived copy" 5736: 5735: 5731: 5722: 5718: 5704: 5700: 5686: 5682: 5669: 5665: 5660: 5656: 5638: 5624: 5620: 5613: 5593: 5589: 5582: 5568: 5564: 5557: 5543: 5539: 5529: 5527: 5526:on 22 July 2011 5514: 5513: 5509: 5501: 5497: 5487: 5485: 5476: 5475: 5471: 5461: 5447: 5443: 5436: 5419: 5415: 5407: 5403: 5395: 5388: 5380: 5376: 5368: 5364: 5357: 5335: 5328: 5323: 5319: 5310: 5306: 5301: 5297: 5291: 5287: 5282: 5278: 5273: 5269: 5264: 5260: 5255: 5251: 5246: 5242: 5237: 5233: 5228: 5224: 5215: 5211: 5202: 5198: 5189: 5185: 5178: 5174: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5144: 5140: 5130: 5128: 5119: 5118: 5114: 5104: 5102: 5093: 5092: 5088: 5071: 5067: 5058: 5054: 5041: 5040: 5036: 5025: 5021: 5013: 5009: 5000: 4999: 4995: 4984: 4980: 4976: 4971: 4970: 4965: 4961: 4955: 4951: 4946: 4929: 4924: 4920: 4915: 4911: 4906: 4902: 4897: 4893: 4888: 4884: 4879: 4875: 4870: 4866: 4861: 4857: 4851: 4847: 4841: 4837: 4832: 4828: 4822: 4818: 4813: 4809: 4803: 4799: 4794: 4790: 4785: 4781: 4776: 4772: 4767: 4763: 4758: 4754: 4749: 4745: 4740: 4736: 4731: 4727: 4722: 4718: 4713: 4709: 4704: 4700: 4695: 4691: 4686: 4682: 4677: 4673: 4668: 4664: 4659: 4655: 4650: 4646: 4641: 4637: 4632: 4628: 4623: 4619: 4614: 4610: 4605: 4601: 4596: 4592: 4587: 4583: 4578: 4571: 4566: 4562: 4557: 4553: 4548: 4544: 4539: 4535: 4530: 4526: 4521: 4517: 4512: 4508: 4503: 4499: 4494: 4490: 4473: 4469: 4464: 4437: 4424:15th Pontoon Co 4421:15th Co, Miners 4403: 4384: 4365: 4284: 4206: 4155:Domenico Grandi 4151: 4096: 4088: 4056:(69–71, 97 Cos) 4049: 4018: 3940: 3862: 3851: 3811: 3721: 3663: 3651:12th Pontoon Co 3648:19th Co, Miners 3558: 3547: 3527: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3496: 3432: 3306: 3237: 3226: 3212: 3208: 3205: 3203: 3196:14th Pontoon Co 3178: 3066: 2959: 2952:Roberto Brusati 2948: 2943: 2921: 2888:Italian fascism 2865:The subsequent 2825:as well as the 2805:(1919) and the 2788:did not assign 2745:First World War 2741:Undefeated Duke 2721: 2632: 2611:, 117,480 from 2604: 2574:Vittorio Veneto 2562: 2556: 2477:Ragazzi del '99 2449: 2443: 2438: 2337: 2315:with 10 mines, 2222: 2212: 2199:Emperor Charles 2167: 2146: 2065: 2059: 2030: 2029: 2028: 2027: 2026: 2019: 2010: 2009: 2008: 2001: 1990: 1888:regiments from 1817: 1801:karst landscape 1787:in the area of 1772:borders to the 1754: 1749: 1711:Austria-Hungary 1703:Triple Alliance 1567:Triple Alliance 1551:Triple Alliance 1531:Triple Alliance 1503:Triple Alliance 1493:. According to 1455:Gavrilo Princip 1392:Triple Alliance 1384:Austria-Hungary 1368: 1363: 1327:Austria-Hungary 1272:Austria-Hungary 1260:theatres of war 1248:Fronte italiano 1236: 1235: 1234: 1229: 1210:Monte Cristallo 1185:Sentinella Pass 1160:Vittorio Veneto 1135:2nd Piave River 1118:1st Piave River 982: 977: 975: 945: 940: 674: 668: 666: 625: 624: 622: 621:175,041 missing 620: 619:560,863 wounded 618: 616: 606: 602: 600: 594: 592: 582: 581: 579: 577: 575: 565: 564: 562: 560: 559:946,640 wounded 558: 556: 546: 535: 526: 524: 523: 521: 519:Austria-Hungary 512: 510: 504:1918: 1,200 in 503: 494: 492: 491: 489: 487:Romanian Legion 481: 479: 478: 473: 464: 462: 461: 460: 458: 448: 446: 444: 442: 432: 430: 428: 424:1915: up to 58 423: 413: 411: 391: 390: 379: 378: 377: 366: 365: 355: 342: 341: 340: 338:Rudolph Lambart 330: 329: 319: 318: 308: 290: 288: 287: 284:Austria-Hungary 277: 275: 273: 251: 249: 248: 238: 236: 234: 224: 222: 217:Romanian Legion 211: 209: 198: 196: 195: 181: 178: 133: 93: 76: 62: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8422: 8412: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8381: 8364: 8363: 8361: 8360: 8354: 8351: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8344: 8343: 8336: 8329: 8324: 8316: 8314: 8310: 8309: 8306: 8305: 8303: 8302: 8297: 8296: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8265: 8260: 8259: 8258: 8253: 8245: 8239: 8237: 8235:Peace treaties 8234: 8231: 8230: 8228: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8202: 8197: 8192: 8187: 8182: 8176: 8174: 8170: 8169: 8167: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8140: 8138: 8132: 8131: 8129: 8128: 8123: 8121:United Kingdom 8118: 8113: 8111:Ottoman Empire 8108: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8082: 8080: 8073: 8068: 8065: 8064: 8061: 8060: 8058: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8036: 8035: 8030: 8025: 8015: 8013:Sack of Dinant 8010: 8005: 8000: 7999: 7998: 7993: 7992: 7991: 7977: 7975: 7969: 7968: 7966: 7965: 7964: 7963: 7961:United Kingdom 7958: 7949: 7947: 7941: 7940: 7938: 7937: 7936: 7935: 7930: 7921: 7915:POW locations 7913: 7908: 7907: 7906: 7897: 7895: 7889: 7888: 7886: 7885: 7884: 7883: 7878: 7870: 7865: 7864: 7863: 7856: 7851: 7846: 7838: 7837: 7836: 7831: 7823: 7817: 7815: 7811: 7810: 7808: 7807: 7802: 7797: 7791: 7789: 7782: 7781: 7780: 7779: 7774: 7766: 7761: 7760: 7759: 7750: 7748: 7740: 7737: 7736: 7733: 7732: 7730: 7729: 7724: 7723: 7722: 7715:United Kingdom 7712: 7710:Ottoman Empire 7707: 7702: 7696: 7694: 7687: 7686: 7684:Trench warfare 7681: 7680: 7679: 7669: 7664: 7659: 7654: 7649: 7648: 7647: 7636: 7634: 7627: 7623: 7622: 7619: 7618: 7616: 7615: 7609: 7603: 7597: 7591: 7590: 7589: 7583: 7577: 7571: 7560: 7554: 7548: 7542: 7536: 7530: 7524: 7518: 7512: 7506: 7500: 7494: 7488: 7482: 7476: 7470: 7464: 7457: 7455: 7451: 7450: 7448: 7447: 7441: 7435: 7429: 7423: 7417: 7411: 7405: 7400: 7397:Volta-Bani War 7394: 7388: 7382: 7376: 7370: 7364: 7358: 7352: 7346: 7339: 7337: 7333: 7332: 7330: 7329: 7324: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7235:Zeebrugge Raid 7232: 7227: 7222: 7216: 7214: 7208: 7207: 7205: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7118: 7116: 7110: 7109: 7107: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7080: 7079: 7069: 7064: 7059: 7054: 7049: 7043: 7041: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7033: 7028: 7026:Battle of Loos 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6944: 6942: 6938: 6937: 6935: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6917:Black Sea raid 6914: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6854: 6848: 6846: 6842: 6841: 6839: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6822: 6821: 6819:Historiography 6810: 6808: 6804: 6803: 6801: 6800: 6794: 6788: 6782: 6776: 6773:Bosnian Crisis 6770: 6767:Tangier Crisis 6764: 6758: 6752: 6745: 6743: 6736: 6730: 6729: 6726: 6725: 6723: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6700:Ottoman Empire 6697: 6692: 6687: 6681: 6679: 6677:Central Powers 6673: 6672: 6670: 6669: 6664: 6663: 6662: 6660:British Empire 6655:United Kingdom 6652: 6647: 6642: 6641: 6640: 6635: 6633:Russian Empire 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6609: 6608: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6587: 6586: 6576: 6571: 6566: 6561: 6555: 6553: 6551:Entente Powers 6544: 6539: 6536: 6535: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6528: 6523: 6522: 6521: 6519:North Atlantic 6510: 6508: 6502: 6501: 6499: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6482: 6480: 6474: 6473: 6471: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6444: 6442: 6436: 6435: 6433: 6432: 6430:Central Arabia 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6396: 6394: 6392:Middle Eastern 6388: 6387: 6385: 6384: 6379: 6378: 6377: 6367: 6362: 6361: 6360: 6349: 6347: 6338: 6334: 6333: 6331: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6295: 6293:Historiography 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6253: 6252: 6245: 6238: 6230: 6223: 6222: 6201: 6200: 6187: 6177: 6168: 6147: 6134: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6116: 6110: 6098:Thompson, Mark 6094: 6075: 6064: 6058: 6041: 6032: 6026: 6010: 6004: 5988: 5974: 5963: 5937:Edmonds, J. E. 5933: 5928:978-0786474707 5927: 5914: 5908: 5895: 5875: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5853: 5841: 5831:G.Sabbatucci, 5824: 5817: 5797: 5775: 5729: 5716: 5698: 5680: 5663: 5654: 5636: 5618: 5611: 5587: 5580: 5562: 5555: 5537: 5507: 5495: 5469: 5459: 5441: 5434: 5422:Thompson, Mark 5413: 5411:, p. 322. 5401: 5399:, p. 319. 5386: 5384:, p. 376. 5374: 5372:, p. 246. 5362: 5355: 5326: 5317: 5304: 5295: 5285: 5276: 5267: 5258: 5249: 5240: 5231: 5222: 5216:Hugo Hantsch: 5209: 5203:Hugo Hantsch: 5196: 5183: 5172: 5158: 5138: 5112: 5086: 5065: 5052: 5034: 5019: 5007: 4993: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4969: 4968: 4959: 4949: 4927: 4918: 4909: 4900: 4891: 4882: 4873: 4864: 4855: 4845: 4835: 4826: 4816: 4807: 4797: 4788: 4779: 4770: 4761: 4752: 4743: 4734: 4725: 4716: 4707: 4698: 4689: 4680: 4671: 4662: 4653: 4644: 4635: 4626: 4617: 4608: 4599: 4590: 4581: 4569: 4560: 4551: 4542: 4533: 4524: 4515: 4506: 4497: 4488: 4466: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4459: 4458: 4453: 4443: 4436: 4433: 4432: 4431: 4428: 4425: 4422: 4419: 4416: 4413: 4410: 4407: 4402: 4399: 4398: 4397: 4394: 4391: 4383: 4380: 4379: 4378: 4375: 4372: 4364: 4361: 4360: 4359: 4358: 4357: 4354: 4351: 4348: 4345: 4339: 4338: 4337: 4334: 4331: 4325: 4324: 4323: 4320: 4317: 4311: 4310: 4309: 4306: 4303: 4300: 4297: 4283: 4280: 4279: 4278: 4277: 4276: 4273: 4272:5th Pontoon Co 4270: 4267: 4261: 4260: 4259: 4256: 4253: 4250: 4247: 4241: 4240: 4239: 4236: 4233: 4227: 4226: 4225: 4222: 4219: 4205: 4202: 4201: 4200: 4199: 4198: 4195: 4189: 4188: 4187: 4184: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4173: 4170: 4167: 4164: 4150: 4147: 4146: 4145: 4144: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4131: 4130: 4129: 4126: 4123: 4117: 4116: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4095: 4092: 4087: 4084: 4083: 4082: 4079: 4076: 4073: 4070: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4057: 4048: 4045: 4044: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4036:1st Pontoon Co 4034: 4031: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4017: 4014: 4013: 4012: 4011: 4010: 4007: 4004: 4001: 3992: 3991: 3990: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3978: 3972: 3971: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3958: 3957: 3956: 3953: 3950: 3939: 3936: 3935: 3934: 3933: 3932: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3917: 3916: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3903: 3902: 3901: 3898: 3895: 3889: 3888: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3878: 3875: 3861: 3858: 3850: 3847: 3846: 3845: 3842: 3839: 3836: 3833: 3830: 3827: 3826:5th Co, Miners 3824: 3821: 3818: 3815: 3810: 3807: 3806: 3805: 3804: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3791: 3790: 3789: 3786: 3783: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3771: 3768: 3765: 3762: 3756: 3755: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3715: 3714: 3713: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3702: 3699: 3696: 3690: 3689: 3688: 3685: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3662: 3659: 3658: 3657: 3656: 3655: 3652: 3649: 3646: 3643: 3640: 3637: 3634: 3631: 3625: 3624: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3614: 3611: 3608: 3605: 3599: 3598: 3597: 3594: 3591: 3585: 3584: 3583: 3580: 3577: 3574: 3571: 3568: 3557: 3554: 3546: 3543: 3542: 3541: 3538: 3535: 3532: 3515: 3512: 3511:8th Co, Miners 3509: 3506: 3503: 3500: 3495: 3492: 3491: 3490: 3489: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3473: 3472: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3462: 3456: 3455: 3454: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3442: 3431: 3428: 3427: 3426: 3425: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3415: 3409: 3408: 3407: 3404: 3401: 3395: 3394: 3393: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3380: 3379: 3376: 3370: 3364: 3361: 3352: 3351: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3338: 3337: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3324: 3323: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3305: 3302: 3301: 3300: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3283: 3282: 3281: 3278: 3275: 3269: 3268: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3255: 3254: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3236: 3233: 3230:Pietro Frugoni 3225: 3222: 3221: 3220: 3217: 3200: 3197: 3194: 3191: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3177: 3174: 3173: 3172: 3171: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3161: 3158: 3155: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3133: 3127: 3124: 3115: 3114: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3101: 3100: 3099: 3096: 3093: 3087: 3086: 3085: 3082: 3079: 3065: 3062: 3061: 3060: 3059: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3049: 3046: 3043: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3016: 3015: 3014: 3011: 3008: 2998: 2997: 2996: 2993: 2990: 2984: 2983: 2982: 2979: 2976: 2958: 2955: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2939: 2867:Treaty of Rome 2799:Ottoman Empire 2777:Woodrow Wilson 2720: 2717: 2683:of Italy. The 2631: 2628: 2617:Southern Italy 2609:Northern Italy 2603: 2600: 2558:Main article: 2555: 2552: 2445:Main article: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2336: 2333: 2301:trench warfare 2273:mountain peaks 2269:carbonate rock 2232:in the ice at 2211: 2208: 2177:, October 1917 2166: 2163: 2145: 2142: 2061:Main article: 2058: 2055: 2020: 2013: 2012: 2011: 2002: 1995: 1994: 1993: 1992: 1991: 1954:records that " 1952:Emilio De Bono 1912: 1911: 1908: 1905: 1832:Archduke Eugen 1816: 1813: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1744: 1743: 1736: 1735: 1719: 1718: 1691: 1690: 1683:Vladimir Lenin 1667:Triple Entente 1651:United Kingdom 1639: 1638: 1627:Triple Entente 1607: 1606: 1595:Stephan Burián 1561:- 5 November, 1555: 1554: 1535: 1534: 1507: 1506: 1487:Alberto Pollio 1479: 1478: 1443: 1442: 1415:Ottoman Empire 1397: 1396: 1376:Bosnian Crisis 1367: 1366:Pre-war period 1364: 1362: 1359: 1308:high altitudes 1300:trench warfare 1231: 1230: 1228: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1192: 1187: 1182: 1177: 1163: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1126: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1079: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1048: 1038: 1027: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1011: 1006: 1001: 996: 987: 984: 983: 974: 973: 966: 959: 951: 942: 941: 939: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 902: 901: 899:Naval theatres 895: 894: 889: 884: 879: 874: 868: 867: 861: 860: 859: 858: 848: 847: 846: 836: 831: 826: 821: 820: 819: 808: 807: 801: 800: 795: 793:Central Arabia 790: 785: 780: 775: 770: 765: 760: 755: 749: 748: 742: 741: 736: 735: 734: 729: 724: 714: 709: 708: 707: 702: 692: 686: 685: 679: 676: 675: 665: 664: 657: 650: 642: 634: 633: 617:155,350 killed 604: 561:70,656 missing 557:246,133 killed 543: 542: 538: 537: 508: 439:United Kingdom 407: 406: 402: 401: 399:Otto von Below 353: 305: 304: 300: 299: 272: 271: 267:Central Powers 262: 260: 231:United Kingdom 220: 219: 207: 177: 176: 167: 164: 163: 159: 158: 155: 154: 137:Italy annexes 135: 129: 128: 127: 126: 125: 124: 119: 109: 99: 95: 94: 91:Venetian Plain 85: 83: 79: 78: 73: 65: 64: 54: 53: 46: 45: 39: 38: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8421: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8376: 8374: 8359: 8356: 8355: 8352: 8342: 8341: 8337: 8335: 8334: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8322: 8318: 8317: 8315: 8311: 8301: 8298: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8270: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8257: 8254: 8252: 8249: 8248: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8240: 8238: 8232: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8177: 8175: 8171: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8141: 8139: 8137: 8133: 8127: 8126:United States 8124: 8122: 8119: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8083: 8081: 8077: 8074: 8071: 8066: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8021: 8020: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7997: 7994: 7990: 7987: 7986: 7985: 7982: 7981: 7979: 7978: 7976: 7974: 7970: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7953: 7951: 7950: 7948: 7946: 7942: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7916: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7905: 7902: 7901: 7899: 7898: 7896: 7894: 7890: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7873: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7862: 7861: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7841: 7839: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7826: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7818: 7816: 7812: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7792: 7790: 7786: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7769: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7758: 7755: 7754: 7752: 7751: 7749: 7743: 7738: 7728: 7727:United States 7725: 7721: 7718: 7717: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7697: 7695: 7691: 7685: 7682: 7678: 7677:Convoy system 7675: 7674: 7673: 7672:Naval warfare 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7650: 7646: 7643: 7642: 7641: 7638: 7637: 7635: 7631: 7628: 7624: 7613: 7610: 7607: 7604: 7601: 7598: 7595: 7592: 7587: 7584: 7581: 7578: 7575: 7572: 7569: 7566: 7565: 7564: 7561: 7558: 7555: 7552: 7549: 7546: 7543: 7540: 7537: 7534: 7531: 7528: 7525: 7522: 7519: 7516: 7513: 7510: 7507: 7504: 7501: 7498: 7495: 7492: 7489: 7486: 7483: 7480: 7477: 7474: 7471: 7468: 7465: 7462: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7452: 7445: 7442: 7439: 7436: 7433: 7432:Kaocen revolt 7430: 7427: 7426:Easter Rising 7424: 7421: 7418: 7415: 7412: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7398: 7395: 7392: 7389: 7386: 7383: 7380: 7377: 7374: 7371: 7368: 7365: 7362: 7359: 7356: 7353: 7350: 7347: 7344: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7334: 7328: 7325: 7321: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7217: 7215: 7213: 7209: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7115: 7111: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7078: 7075: 7074: 7073: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7063: 7060: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7044: 7042: 7038: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6991:Great Retreat 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6966: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6945: 6943: 6939: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6862:Battle of Cer 6860: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6849: 6847: 6843: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6820: 6817: 6816: 6815: 6812: 6811: 6809: 6805: 6798: 6795: 6792: 6789: 6786: 6783: 6780: 6779:Agadir Crisis 6777: 6774: 6771: 6768: 6765: 6762: 6759: 6756: 6753: 6750: 6747: 6746: 6744: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6731: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6682: 6680: 6678: 6674: 6668: 6667:United States 6665: 6661: 6658: 6657: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6630: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6607: 6604: 6603: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6585: 6584:French Empire 6582: 6581: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6567: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 6556: 6554: 6552: 6548: 6545: 6537: 6527: 6526:Mediterranean 6524: 6520: 6517: 6516: 6515: 6512: 6511: 6509: 6507: 6506:Naval warfare 6503: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6483: 6481: 6479: 6475: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6445: 6443: 6441: 6437: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6389: 6383: 6382:Italian Front 6380: 6376: 6373: 6372: 6371: 6370:Eastern Front 6368: 6366: 6365:Western Front 6363: 6359: 6356: 6355: 6354: 6351: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6342: 6339: 6335: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6323:Puppet states 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6265: 6262: 6258: 6251: 6246: 6244: 6239: 6237: 6232: 6231: 6228: 6221: 6211: 6210: 6207: 6197: 6191: 6181: 6172: 6165: 6161: 6157: 6151: 6144: 6138: 6129: 6125: 6113: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6083: 6082: 6076: 6073: 6069: 6065: 6061: 6059:1-84176-398-5 6055: 6051: 6047: 6042: 6038: 6033: 6029: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6011: 6007: 6005:0-09-179392-0 6001: 5997: 5993: 5989: 5985: 5984: 5979: 5975: 5972: 5968: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5952: 5948: 5947: 5942: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5924: 5920: 5915: 5911: 5909:1-85285-166-X 5905: 5901: 5896: 5892: 5886: 5878: 5876:5-93165-107-1 5872: 5868: 5863: 5862: 5850: 5845: 5838: 5835:, in AA.VV., 5834: 5828: 5820: 5814: 5810: 5809: 5801: 5785: 5779: 5771: 5765: 5746: 5739: 5733: 5726: 5720: 5714: 5710: 5709: 5702: 5696: 5692: 5691: 5684: 5678: 5674: 5673: 5667: 5658: 5651: 5650: 5645: 5639: 5633: 5629: 5622: 5614: 5612:0-394-50694-4 5608: 5604: 5600: 5599: 5591: 5583: 5581:0-275-97204-6 5577: 5573: 5566: 5558: 5556:0-275-94877-3 5552: 5548: 5541: 5525: 5521: 5517: 5511: 5504: 5499: 5483: 5479: 5473: 5466: 5462: 5456: 5452: 5445: 5437: 5431: 5427: 5423: 5417: 5410: 5405: 5398: 5393: 5391: 5383: 5378: 5371: 5366: 5358: 5356:0-375-40052-4 5352: 5348: 5343: 5342: 5333: 5331: 5321: 5314: 5308: 5299: 5289: 5280: 5271: 5262: 5253: 5244: 5235: 5226: 5219: 5213: 5206: 5200: 5193: 5187: 5181: 5176: 5161: 5159:9788856818680 5155: 5151: 5150: 5142: 5126: 5122: 5116: 5100: 5096: 5090: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5069: 5062: 5056: 5048: 5044: 5038: 5032: 5028: 5023: 5016: 5011: 5003: 4997: 4991: 4987: 4982: 4978: 4963: 4953: 4944: 4942: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4934: 4932: 4922: 4913: 4904: 4895: 4886: 4877: 4868: 4859: 4849: 4839: 4830: 4820: 4811: 4801: 4792: 4783: 4774: 4765: 4756: 4747: 4738: 4729: 4720: 4711: 4702: 4693: 4684: 4675: 4666: 4657: 4648: 4639: 4630: 4621: 4612: 4603: 4594: 4585: 4576: 4574: 4564: 4555: 4546: 4537: 4528: 4519: 4510: 4501: 4492: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4471: 4467: 4457: 4454: 4451: 4448:- located in 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4438: 4429: 4426: 4423: 4420: 4417: 4414: 4411: 4408: 4405: 4404: 4395: 4392: 4389: 4388: 4387: 4376: 4373: 4370: 4369: 4368: 4355: 4352: 4349: 4346: 4343: 4342: 4341:Corps Troops 4340: 4335: 4332: 4329: 4328: 4326: 4321: 4318: 4315: 4314: 4312: 4307: 4304: 4301: 4298: 4295: 4294: 4292: 4291: 4290: 4289: 4288:Paolo Morrone 4274: 4271: 4268: 4265: 4264: 4263:Corps Troops 4262: 4257: 4254: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4237: 4234: 4231: 4230: 4228: 4223: 4220: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4213: 4212: 4211: 4210:Gaetano Zoppi 4196: 4193: 4192: 4191:Corps Troops 4190: 4185: 4182: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4171: 4168: 4165: 4162: 4161: 4159: 4158: 4157: 4156: 4141: 4138: 4135: 4134: 4133:Corps Troops 4132: 4127: 4124: 4121: 4120: 4118: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4106: 4104: 4103: 4102: 4101: 4091: 4080: 4077: 4074: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4053: 4052: 4041: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4019: 4008: 4005: 4002: 3999: 3996: 3995: 3994:Corps Troops 3993: 3988: 3985: 3982: 3979: 3976: 3975: 3973: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3961: 3959: 3954: 3951: 3948: 3947: 3945: 3944: 3943: 3930: 3927: 3924: 3921: 3920: 3919:Corps Troops 3918: 3913: 3910: 3907: 3906: 3904: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3885: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3873: 3872: 3870: 3869: 3868: 3867: 3866:Ottavio Ragni 3857: 3856: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3834: 3831: 3828: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3813: 3812: 3801: 3798: 3795: 3794: 3793:Corps Troops 3792: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3757: 3752: 3749: 3746: 3745: 3743: 3738: 3735: 3732: 3731: 3729: 3728: 3727: 3726: 3711: 3708: 3707: 3706:Corps Troops 3705: 3700: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3686: 3683: 3680: 3677: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3670: 3669: 3668: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3644: 3641: 3638: 3635: 3632: 3629: 3628: 3627:Corps Troops 3626: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3603: 3602: 3600: 3595: 3592: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3581: 3578: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3565: 3563: 3562: 3561: 3553: 3552: 3539: 3536: 3533: 3516: 3513: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3497: 3486: 3483: 3480: 3477: 3476: 3475:Corps Troops 3474: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3459: 3457: 3452: 3449: 3446: 3443: 3440: 3439: 3437: 3436: 3435: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3413: 3412: 3411:Corps Troops 3410: 3405: 3402: 3399: 3398: 3396: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3384: 3382: 3377: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3359: 3356: 3355: 3353: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3334: 3331: 3328: 3327: 3325: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3313: 3311: 3310: 3309: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3286: 3285:Corps Troops 3284: 3279: 3276: 3273: 3272: 3270: 3265: 3262: 3259: 3258: 3256: 3251: 3248: 3245: 3244: 3242: 3241: 3240: 3232: 3231: 3218: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3183: 3180: 3179: 3168: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3118: 3117:Corps Troops 3116: 3111: 3108: 3105: 3104: 3102: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3090: 3088: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3073: 3072: 3071: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3019: 3018:Corps Troops 3017: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3005: 3003: 2999: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2987: 2985: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2973: 2971: 2970:Luigi Druetti 2967: 2966: 2965: 2964: 2954: 2953: 2934: 2927: 2926: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2909: 2905: 2904:liberal Italy 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2877: 2872: 2868: 2863: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2848: 2843: 2839: 2834: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2782: 2778: 2775: 2771: 2768: 2764: 2761: 2757: 2754: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2725: 2716: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2645: 2641: 2636: 2627: 2625: 2620: 2618: 2614: 2613:Central Italy 2610: 2599: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2586:flag of truce 2582: 2579: 2575: 2570: 2567: 2561: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2527: 2520: 2515: 2511: 2509: 2504: 2500: 2495: 2493: 2488: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2433: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2418: 2416: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2390: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2359: 2357: 2353: 2352:Luigi Capello 2346: 2341: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2305:no man's land 2302: 2298: 2297: 2292: 2287: 2285: 2280: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2246: 2241: 2235: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2217: 2207: 2204: 2201:wrote to the 2200: 2194: 2190: 2188: 2184: 2176: 2171: 2162: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2141: 2139: 2134: 2132: 2127: 2125: 2120: 2118: 2113: 2111: 2110:Luigi Cadorna 2106: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2093: 2089: 2088:Karst Plateau 2085: 2081: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2054: 2052: 2051:Karst Plateau 2048: 2043: 2034: 2024: 2017: 2006: 1999: 1989: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1973: 1968: 1964: 1959: 1957: 1953: 1948: 1944: 1937: 1932: 1929: 1925: 1916: 1909: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1901: 1899: 1898:Luigi Cadorna 1893: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1869:German Empire 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1852:Eastern Front 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1836:Generaloberst 1833: 1826: 1821: 1812: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1777: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1741: 1738: 1737: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1721: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1705:in a note to 1704: 1700: 1696: 1693: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1641: 1640: 1636: 1635:Eastern Front 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1609: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1557: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1509: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1491:Luigi Cadorna 1488: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1467:dual monarchy 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1445: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1405: 1404: 1402: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1358: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1315: 1313: 1312:refugee camps 1309: 1305: 1304:Western Front 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1240:Italian front 1226: 1225:Monte Paterno 1223: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1168: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1136: 1133: 1132: 1131: 1130: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1085: 1084: 1083: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1033: 1032: 1031: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1007: 1005: 1002: 1000: 997: 995: 992: 991: 990: 985: 980: 979:Italian Front 972: 967: 965: 960: 958: 953: 952: 949: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 921:Mediterranean 919: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 903: 900: 897: 896: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 869: 866: 863: 862: 857: 854: 853: 852: 849: 845: 842: 841: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 818: 815: 814: 813: 810: 809: 806: 803: 802: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 766: 764: 761: 759: 756: 754: 751: 750: 747: 744: 743: 740: 737: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 719: 718: 715: 713: 710: 706: 703: 701: 698: 697: 696: 695:Eastern Front 693: 691: 690:Western Front 688: 687: 684: 681: 680: 677: 672: 663: 658: 656: 651: 649: 644: 643: 640: 629: 615: 610: 605: 601:2,302 wounded 598: 591: 586: 578:4,971 wounded 574: 569: 555: 550: 545: 544: 539: 534: 533:German Empire 520: 509: 507: 502: 501:United States 488: 477: 471: 456: 440: 427: 421: 409: 408: 403: 400: 395: 388: 383: 375: 370: 364: 359: 354: 351: 346: 339: 334: 328: 323: 317: 316:Luigi Cadorna 312: 307: 306: 301: 298: 297:German Empire 286: 285: 270: 268: 264: 263: 261: 259: 258:United States 246: 232: 218: 208: 205: 194: 193: 192: 191: 190: 185: 175: 173: 172:Allied Powers 169: 168: 166: 165: 160: 152: 149:and occupies 148: 144: 140: 136: 131: 130: 123: 120: 118: 115: 114: 113: 110: 108: 105: 104: 103: 100: 97: 96: 92: 88: 84: 81: 80: 74: 71: 70: 66: 60: 55: 52: 47: 44:Italian front 42: 37: 33: 19: 8338: 8331: 8319: 7926: / 7858: 7693:Conscription 7657:Cryptography 7594:Iraqi Revolt 7021:Siege of Kut 6964: 6542:participants 6491:German Samoa 6425:South Arabia 6381: 6190: 6180: 6171: 6163: 6155: 6150: 6137: 6128: 6101: 6086:. Retrieved 6080: 6067: 6045: 6036: 6027:0-09-1801788 6017: 6014:Keegan, John 5995: 5992:Keegan, John 5982: 5970: 5966: 5945: 5918: 5899: 5866: 5848: 5844: 5836: 5832: 5827: 5807: 5800: 5788:. Retrieved 5786:(in Italian) 5778: 5752:. Retrieved 5745:the original 5732: 5724: 5719: 5712: 5706: 5701: 5694: 5688: 5683: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5657: 5647: 5641: 5627: 5621: 5597: 5590: 5571: 5565: 5546: 5540: 5528:. Retrieved 5524:the original 5519: 5510: 5498: 5486:. Retrieved 5481: 5472: 5464: 5450: 5444: 5425: 5416: 5404: 5377: 5365: 5340: 5320: 5312: 5307: 5298: 5288: 5279: 5270: 5261: 5252: 5243: 5234: 5225: 5217: 5212: 5204: 5199: 5191: 5186: 5175: 5163:. Retrieved 5148: 5141: 5129:. Retrieved 5125:the original 5115: 5103:. Retrieved 5099:the original 5089: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5068: 5060: 5055: 5046: 5037: 5022: 5014: 5010: 4996: 4986:Mortara 1925 4981: 4962: 4952: 4921: 4912: 4903: 4894: 4885: 4876: 4867: 4858: 4848: 4838: 4829: 4819: 4810: 4800: 4791: 4782: 4773: 4764: 4755: 4746: 4737: 4728: 4719: 4710: 4701: 4692: 4683: 4674: 4665: 4656: 4647: 4638: 4629: 4620: 4611: 4602: 4593: 4584: 4563: 4554: 4545: 4536: 4527: 4518: 4509: 4500: 4491: 4470: 4385: 4366: 4285: 4207: 4152: 4097: 4089: 4050: 3941: 3863: 3852: 3722: 3664: 3559: 3548: 3433: 3307: 3238: 3227: 3067: 2960: 2949: 2923: 2895: 2880: 2874: 2864: 2858:movement of 2851: 2845: 2835: 2815:Julian March 2750: 2740: 2685:Regia Marina 2649: 2621: 2605: 2583: 2571: 2566:Armando Diaz 2563: 2496: 2489: 2476: 2472: 2462: 2426:Monte Grappa 2422:Armando Diaz 2419: 2391: 2360: 2349: 2294: 2288: 2284:White Friday 2281: 2275:and even in 2250: 2230:mine gallery 2195: 2191: 2180: 2147: 2135: 2128: 2121: 2114: 2107: 2096: 2077: 2039: 2025:troops; 1915 1960: 1955: 1939: 1934: 1921: 1894: 1860:Viktor Dankl 1840:Alfred Krauß 1830: 1815:Mobilization 1809: 1793:Adriatic Sea 1781:Stelvio Pass 1778: 1758:Stelvio Pass 1755: 1739: 1722: 1694: 1642: 1610: 1587:István Tisza 1581:to cede the 1579:Franz Joseph 1558: 1541:- 2 August, 1538: 1510: 1482: 1475:South Slavic 1446: 1406: 1399: 1371: 1339:Julian March 1316: 1256:Südwestfront 1239: 1237: 1165: 1164: 1128: 1127: 1081: 1080: 1076:White Friday 1045:Monte Cengio 1029: 1028: 988: 978: 892:Central Asia 865:Asia-Pacific 839:North Africa 817:South Africa 788:South Arabia 711: 669:Theatres of 613: 589: 576:1,057 killed 572: 553: 506:one regiment 327:Armando Diaz 274: 265: 180: 179: 170: 162:Belligerents 101: 87:Eastern Alps 49:Part of the 36: 7956:Netherlands 7933:Switzerland 7814:Occupations 7805:Spanish flu 7582:(1919–1922) 7576:(1918–1921) 7570:(1918–1923) 7559:(1919–1921) 7553:(1919–1921) 7547:(1919–1920) 7523:(1918–1920) 7517:(1918–1920) 7511:(1918–1920) 7493:(1918–1920) 7475:(1918–1920) 7469:(1917–1921) 7463:(1917–1921) 7410:(1916-1918) 7408:Arab Revolt 7399:(1915–1917) 7393:(1915–1917) 7381:(1914-1917) 7375:(1914–1917) 7369:(1914–1921) 7363:(1913–1920) 7351:(1910–1920) 7345:(1900–1920) 7318: [ 6836:July Crisis 6757:(1880–1914) 6420:Mesopotamia 6298:Home fronts 6257:World War I 5790:23 November 5409:Keegan 2001 5397:Keegan 2001 5382:Keegan 1998 5370:Keegan 1998 4047:Carnia Zone 4016:Army Troops 3849:Fourth Army 3809:Army Troops 3494:Army Troops 3224:Second Army 3176:Army Troops 2918:Enrico Toti 2652:Bersaglieri 2503:Tonale Pass 2469:Piave River 2457:Ortler Alps 2376:ordered by 2367:German Army 2277:glacial ice 2047:Julian Alps 2040:During the 1882:Kaiserjäger 1785:Julian Alps 1687:Nicholas II 1613:- 3 March, 1515:July Crisis 1423:Balkan Wars 1382:" ruled by 1296:South Tyrol 1286:, northern 1264:World War I 1215:Monte Piana 1200:Col di Lana 1169:(1915–1918) 1103:11th Isonzo 1088:10th Isonzo 834:East Africa 773:Mesopotamia 746:Middle East 671:World War I 132:Territorial 8373:Categories 8173:Agreements 7973:War crimes 7849:Luxembourg 7742:Casualties 6613:Montenegro 6448:South West 6328:Technology 6318:Propaganda 6308:Opposition 5869:. Moscow. 5644:Ludendorff 5503:Pompé 1924 4974:References 4482:and (iii) 4204:XIII Corps 4094:VIII Corps 3855:Luigi Nava 3545:Third Army 2946:First Army 2781:Versailles 2733:Redipuglia 2602:Casualties 2410:diphosgene 2408:agent and 2214:See also: 2175:Vršič pass 1986:See also: 1967:Maxim guns 1877:Carinthian 1864:Alpenkorps 1766:Carinthian 1752:Topography 1725:- 16 May, 1485:- 1 July, 1439:Montenegro 1411:Libyan war 1150:San Matteo 1071:9th Isonzo 1066:8th Isonzo 1061:7th Isonzo 1036:5th Isonzo 1024:4th Isonzo 1019:3rd Isonzo 1009:2nd Isonzo 1004:Col Basson 999:1st Isonzo 931:Baltic Sea 882:New Guinea 851:Somaliland 614:1,386,327: 593:480 killed 554:1,832,639: 8070:Diplomacy 7777:Olympians 7700:Australia 7667:Logistics 7600:Vlora War 7529:(1918–19) 7505:(1918–19) 7499:(1918–19) 7487:(1918–19) 7434:(1916–17) 7416:(1916–17) 7367:Zaian War 7357:(1914–15) 7077:first day 6965:Lusitania 6793:(1912–13) 6787:(1911–12) 6775:(1908–09) 6769:(1905–06) 6751:(1870–71) 6540:Principal 6400:Gallipoli 6303:Memorials 6288:Geography 6278:Aftermath 6160:link text 6158:, p. 301 6143:Caporetto 6121:Footnotes 6088:14 August 5885:cite book 5754:22 August 5642:... 5598:Mussolini 5488:14 August 5031:link text 4990:link text 4843:Division. 4456:White War 4282:XIV Corps 3661:VII Corps 3430:XII Corps 2957:III Corps 2827:Dalmatian 2758:met with 2719:Aftermath 2709:Innsbruck 2687:occupied 2374:offensive 2325:Marmolada 2253:Dolomites 2245:Škabrijel 2206:troops." 1988:White War 1970:1915 the 1943:Artillery 1747:The Front 1679:Bolshevik 1599:Sosnowiec 1591:Berchtold 1545:declares 1519:Berchtold 1353:with the 1306:, but at 1190:Marmolada 1167:White War 926:Black Sea 911:North Sea 768:Gallipoli 763:Kurdistan 727:Macedonia 476:regiments 426:divisions 151:Innsbruck 8358:Category 7945:Refugees 7911:Italians 7900:Germans 7860:Ober Ost 7640:Aviation 6734:Timeline 6705:Bulgaria 6486:Tsingtao 6463:Togoland 6410:Caucasus 6345:European 6337:Theatres 6100:(2008). 6016:(1998). 5994:(2001). 5980:(1932). 5943:(1949). 5764:cite web 5530:29 April 5424:(2008). 5347:226, 227 5165:12 March 5131:12 March 5105:12 March 4435:See also 4090:source: 3938:IX Corps 3719:XI Corps 3556:VI Corps 3304:IV Corps 3235:II Corps 2829:city of 2790:Dalmatia 2711:and all 2693:Sebenico 2402:Chlorine 2378:Kerensky 2319:with 5, 2317:Lagazuoi 2309:34 mines 2158:Po River 2021:Italian 1981:MG 07/12 1924:Tyrolean 1844:5th Army 1827:soldiers 1789:Tarvisio 1770:Littoral 1762:Tyrolean 1731:Giolitti 1727:Salandra 1675:Bulgaria 1631:Przemyśl 1615:Salandra 1603:Trentino 1583:Trentino 1543:Salandra 1463:Trialism 1459:Sarajevo 1427:Bulgaria 1425:, which 1292:Trentino 1288:Dalmatia 1195:Lagazuoi 1175:Adamello 1113:Pozzuolo 1098:Ortigara 994:Hill 383 916:Atlantic 872:Tsingtao 856:Ethiopia 829:Cameroon 824:Togoland 753:Caucasus 474:1918: 5 405:Strength 82:Location 8096:Germany 7996:Germany 7924:Germany 7844:Belgium 7829:Albania 7788:Disease 7768:Sports 7720:Ireland 7633:Warfare 7626:Aspects 6814:Origins 6807:Prelude 6710:Senussi 6690:Germany 6685:Leaders 6623:Romania 6564:Belgium 6559:Leaders 6458:Kamerun 6440:African 6375:Romania 6353:Balkans 6268:Outline 5959:4839237 5858:Sources 5646:wrote: 4149:X Corps 3860:I Corps 3526:⁄ 3211:⁄ 3064:V Corps 2885:rise of 2856:fascist 2847:Il Duce 2823:Kvarner 2794:Albania 2668:Lagosta 2660:Parenzo 2656:Rovigno 2531:Trieste 2473:99 Boys 2467:on the 2406:arsenic 2398:Kobarid 2371:Russian 2313:Pasubio 2247:in 1917 2234:Pasubio 2187:Gorizia 2084:Gorizia 1890:Galicia 1797:Gorizia 1783:to the 1715:Cadorna 1707:Germany 1681:leader 1671:Romania 1619:Sonnino 1563:Sonnino 1527:Romania 1419:Germany 1395:treaty: 1361:History 1323:Trieste 1244:Italian 1180:Pasubio 1093:Flondar 1055:Doberdò 1014:Podgora 739:Ireland 717:Balkans 705:Finland 700:Romania 632:Unknown 147:Trieste 143:Bolzano 134:changes 8116:Russia 8091:France 7919:Canada 7834:Serbia 7705:Canada 7662:Horses 7614:(1921) 7608:(1920) 7602:(1920) 7596:(1920) 7588:(1920) 7541:(1919) 7535:(1919) 7481:(1918) 7446:(1918) 7440:(1917) 7428:(1916) 7422:(1916) 7387:(1915) 6799:(1913) 6781:(1911) 6763:(1905) 6720:Darfur 6645:Serbia 6628:Russia 6591:Greece 6579:France 6569:Brazil 6415:Persia 6358:Serbia 6206:Portal 6185:Front. 6108: 6056: 6024: 6002: 5957: 5925: 5906: 5873: 5815: 5634: 5609: 5578: 5553: 5457: 5432: 5353: 5156: 4853:corps. 2819:Istria 2640:Trento 2578:Sacile 2465:Venice 2459:, 1917 2203:Kaiser 2023:Alpini 1928:Isonzo 1805:Isonzo 1774:Isonzo 1768:, and 1659:Russia 1657:, and 1655:France 1471:Serbia 1435:Serbia 1431:Greece 1319:Trento 1278:, the 1252:German 1205:Tofane 1041:Asiago 906:U-boat 805:Africa 758:Persia 732:Greece 722:Serbia 683:Europe 590:2,872: 573:6,700: 530: 516: 498: 455:France 452: 436: 417: 294: 281: 255: 245:France 242: 228: 139:Trento 98:Result 8313:Other 8106:Japan 8101:Italy 7928:camps 7772:Rugby 7322:] 6601:Japan 6596:Italy 6574:China 6468:North 6220:Italy 5748:(PDF) 5741:(PDF) 4478:(ii) 4462:Notes 4401:Misc. 2871:Fiume 2713:Tyrol 2680:Fiume 2672:Lissa 2664:Lissa 2365:from 1977:k.u.k 1965:, or 1958:". 1856:Tyrol 1825:k.u.k 1663:Italy 1547:Italy 1523:Italy 877:Samoa 844:Libya 712:Italy 420:Italy 189:Italy 7893:POWs 7212:1918 7114:1917 7040:1916 6941:1915 6845:1914 6650:Siam 6453:East 6106:ISBN 6090:2020 6054:ISBN 6022:ISBN 6000:ISBN 5955:OCLC 5923:ISBN 5904:ISBN 5891:link 5871:ISBN 5813:ISBN 5792:2021 5770:link 5756:2017 5632:ISBN 5607:ISBN 5576:ISBN 5551:ISBN 5532:2018 5490:2020 5455:ISBN 5430:ISBN 5351:ISBN 5167:2021 5154:ISBN 5133:2021 5107:2021 4450:Temù 4060:cos) 2852:Duce 2831:Zara 2792:and 2772:and 2727:The 2697:Zara 2695:and 2689:Pola 2678:and 2676:Zara 2670:and 2658:and 2624:KIAs 2497:The 2343:The 2218:and 2080:Soča 2049:and 1936:May. 1842:the 1740:1915 1723:1915 1709:and 1695:1915 1673:and 1643:1915 1617:and 1611:1915 1573:and 1559:1914 1539:1914 1525:and 1511:1914 1499:Rome 1483:1914 1447:1914 1437:and 1407:1911 1372:1908 1337:and 1321:and 1294:and 1270:and 1238:The 1129:1918 1082:1917 1030:1916 989:1915 798:Oman 145:and 89:and 72:Date 5711:, 5693:, 5675:, 5293:ff. 2779:in 2731:of 1457:in 1314:. 1262:of 8375:: 7320:It 6052:. 6048:. 5949:. 5939:; 5887:}} 5883:{{ 5766:}} 5762:{{ 5640:. 5605:. 5603:31 5518:. 5480:. 5463:. 5389:^ 5349:. 5329:^ 5045:. 4930:^ 4572:^ 3531:kW 3216:kW 3154:59 3004:) 2972:) 2833:. 2821:, 2817:, 2813:, 2765:, 2691:, 2666:, 2432:. 2417:. 2228:A 2094:. 1764:, 1653:, 1517:: 1513:- 1433:, 1429:, 1409:- 1374:- 1357:. 1254:: 1250:; 1246:: 141:, 7744:/ 6249:e 6242:t 6235:v 6208:: 6114:. 6092:. 6074:. 6062:. 6030:. 6008:. 5961:. 5931:. 5912:. 5893:) 5879:. 5821:. 5794:. 5772:) 5758:. 5615:. 5584:. 5559:. 5534:. 5492:. 5438:. 5359:. 5169:. 5135:. 5109:. 5076:( 5049:. 5004:. 3528:2 3524:1 3521:+ 3519:1 3213:2 3209:1 3206:+ 3204:1 2646:. 2521:. 2475:( 2404:- 1637:. 1553:. 1242:( 1141:) 1137:( 1057:) 1053:( 1047:) 1043:( 970:e 963:t 956:v 661:e 654:t 647:v 599:) 595:( 269:: 174:: 34:. 20:)

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