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408:. Her courage to write from the frontlines was a momentous leap for female journalists, which enabled them to focus beyond the gendered norms. Her push towards war contribution also demonstrated that women are not stuck to being confined to small narratives in the journalist world, reinforcing the notion that women do have equal qualifications as men.
454:. These newspaper clips have now become important pieces of history that she had risked her life to gather. Her memoir depicts her journey as well as stories of American soldiers caring for each other throughout the war. These accomplishments paved the way for future female journalists to gain the same treatment as male journalists in the field.
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Carpenter struggled to fight for the same rights as male correspondents within the press camps and recognized the difficulty in gaining equal access to her male counterparts. Despite the obstacles she encountered, she was known to bypass restrictions and rules in order to get frontline stories that
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During one of her visits to London, Carpenter was accused of violating press regulations and policies when she transferred her position along the frontlines with the
American troops. Carpenter countered the allegation, explaining that the beachhead area changed due to natural conditions and that no
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Carpenter notes that female reporters were received more positively with
American troops. It was emphasized by Colonel Andres of the U.S. 1st Army, claiming that all females under his jurisdiction would receive equal treatment and that American officials acknowledged that women excelled at covering
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After the war had ended, Carpenter divorced with her first husband, Charles Scruby. She remarried to
American Colonel and the First Army's operations officer, Russel F. Akers Jr on January 20, 1946. Akers was the operations officer of the First Army, the American army she had been following during
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Carpenter's memoir brought to light the difficulties that female correspondents faced, and efforts that female journalists needed to put in, in order to gain the a little bit of respect. She proved that women did not only have to report on hospitals and domestic situations through her memoir.
380:
Carpenter was known to be one of the few women to report the Allied invasions in Europe since June 1944, making her publications more pronounced and well known during World War II. The articles published across UK and U.S. media ports along with her memoir,
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Carpenter was born in
September 21, c.1904 in England, the daughter of a wealthy cinema entrepreneur. Her upbringing and exposure to cinema helped her successfully land a position as a film critic in 1924 through a British publication called
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Carpenter decided to move to
America where she successfully found a position with the Boston Globe as a frontline journalist. After meeting with Carlyle Holt, another war correspondent from Boston Globe, she was accepted and joined the
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In 1933, Carpenter stepped down from her position as a journalist to focus on raising her two children, Brian Scruby and
Patricia Perry, with her first husband, Charles Scruby who was known to be a successful property developer.
341:, accounting the experiences of other female reporters and noting the challenges facing women reporters on the frontlines during World War Two. Iris Carpenter died on October 7, 1997, at the age of 93 due to heart failure at
223:, convinced that her previous experiences as a war correspondent earned her spot alongside the Allied invasion of Europe. However, her application was vetoed and ultimately rejected by British military authorities.
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Following the Paris liberation in August 1944, Carpenter continued to report on the war despite having shattered an eardrum, being caught in a storm, and traveling under precarious circumstances.
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include personal anecdotes and frontline reports based on interviews held from hospitals in France and
Germany, along with documentation of the liberation of Nazi concentration camps.
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294:, and the stories of medical staff. Events covered by Carpenter include but are not limited to the London bombing in 1940 (The Blitz), the Normandy invasion included the bombing of
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on site. Ryan was granted access into
Normandy whereas Carpenter was limited to a beachhead airstrip. Other reports included her experiences at hospitals and war-torn villages.
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Moseley, Ray and EBSCOhost. Reporting War: How
Foreign Correspondents Risked Capture, Torture and Death to Cover World War II. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2017.
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Although
Carpenter was given frontline positions, her role did not equate to other war correspondents. For instance, Carpenter arrived with her fellow correspondent
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Carpenter was fully accredited to accompany the First Army in December 1944 as they advanced in France towards an immediate beachhead at Normandy and alongside the
196:, Carpenter witnessed five German planes being shot down close to her home. Carpenter decided to return to her career as a journalist and began working with the
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Redstone-Lewis, J. A. (2007). The creation of the Women's Royal Canadian Naval Service and its role in Canadian naval intelligence and communications, 1939–45.
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Beasley, Maurine H. "Women and Journalism in World War II: Discrimination and Progress," in American Journalism. Vol. 12, no. 3. Summer 1995, pp. 321–333.
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as a female journalist. Carpenter started her writing career in 1924 but resigned from her position to focus on raising her two children. When the
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broadcaster. During the war, Carpenter and her family moved to the United States after her position as a frontline war correspondent with the
113:(September 21, c. 1904 – October 7, 1997) was a British journalist, author and war correspondent known for her frontline publications during
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in 1940, where she wrote a great deal of the war frontlines. Her reports included bloodshed, destruction, and heroic acts of courage in the
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Carpenter was determined to position herself in the frontlines and document the conflict in Europe. In 1942, Carpenter applied to the
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Roth, Mitchel P., Olson, James Stuart. Historical dictionary of war journalism. United Kingdom: Greenwood Press, 1997: pg 55–56.
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In June 1945, Carpenter completed her war time reports and began working with the Voice of America. She settled her life in
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and was among the first women to do so in an ambulance plane. Iris documented the discrimination and hostility faced by the
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Edy, Carolyn. The Woman War Correspondent, the U.S. Military, and the Press 1846–1947. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books, 2017.
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Baker, J. (2015). Marginal creatures: Australian women war reporters during World War II. History compass, 13(2), 40–50.
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the war and moved to the United States with her children shortly thereafter. She became a war correspondent through
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Normandy beachhead. Female war correspondents were ordered to remain on the strip unlike their male counterparts.
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Edwards, Julia. Women of the World: The Great Foreign Correspondents. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1988.
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Baker, Jeannine. "War stories: Remembering women conflict reporters." Griffith REVIEW 48 (2015): 165–173.
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Ruth Cowan, Sonia Tomara, Rosette Hargrove, Betty Knox, Iris Carpenter, Erika Mann (from left to right)
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Carpenter documented the participation of American troops, the reactions of local individuals toward
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and was known to be one of the few female journalists to document the war from the frontlines.
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The First US Army were the American troops Carpenter reported through on the frontlines during WWII.
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toward female reporters, emphasizing that women would distract their soldiers from their duties.
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Iris Carpenter was a prominent British journalist and war correspondent who wrote for London's
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Boylan, James. "The Women Who Wrote the War." Columbia Journalism Review 38, no. 3 (1999): 61.
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Hillcrest Memorial Gardens and Chapel Mausoleum Annapolis, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, U.S.
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Kneeland, Douglas E.; Times, Special To the New York (1981-06-08).
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Steward, Gillian. "A Novel Approach to War Journalism." (2016).
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