833:
786:
321:
329:
864:(4319 ± 64 BP). While the Upper Paleolithic origins of this Hoabinhian ancestry represented by the two samples are unknown, Hoabinhian ancestry has been found to be related to the main 'East Asian' ancestry component found in most modern East and Southeast Asians, although deeply diverged from it. Among present-day populations, the
927:. But Yang et. al (2020) states that the JĆmon individual showed affinities to several coastal Neolithic populations in Siberia and southern East Asia, with the latter clustering with present-day southern East Asians. Nonetheless, the HĂČabĂŹnhians shared similar phenotypes with the JĆmon and pre-Neolithic South Chinese (i.e.
822:
conflict between models. A multiple optima model is proposed to explain this contradictory result. Multiple optima model allows more than one optimal scenario and is valid to explain high time-devoting lithic technology (i.e., pre-processing of lithic) and more residential mobility strategy in the same time.
1683:
Matsumura, H.; Hung, H. C.; Higham, C.; Zhang, C.; Yamagata, M.; Nguyen, L. C.; Li, Z.; Fan, X. C.; Simanjuntak, T.; Oktaviana, A. A.; He, J. N.; Chen, C. Y.; Pan, C. K.; He, G.; Sun, G. P.; Huang, W. J.; Li, X. W.; Wei, X. T.; Domett, K.; Halcrow, S.; Nguyen, K. D.; Trinh, H. H.; Bui, C. H.; Nguyen,
812:
An experimental
Hoabinhian assemblage was created and analyzed by Marwick (2008), which identified variables and methods that are the most useful in analyzing Hoabinhian assemblages. In particular he advocated for the use of a new method involving the dorsal cortex location of a flake. This method in
821:
and Ban Rai rockshelters. In theory, high frequencies of pre-processing should reflect logistical mobility strategy. However, at Tham Lod, a high frequencies of pre-processing (CPM) but a residential mobility strategy (ODM) and a low intensity of occupation (PCM) was observed: We can see an internal
352:
a culture composed of implements that are in general flaked with somewhat varied types of primitive workmanship. It is characterised by tools often worked only on one face, by hammerstones, by implements of sub-triangular section, by discs, short axes and almond shaped artifacts, with an appreciable
522:
outlined in his paper his definition of a lithic technology that occurred before the
Hoabinian. He found primitive flakes in stratigraphy below Hoabinian pebble tools across several sites in Southeast Asia which led him to name the flake technology, Nguomian â named after a large assembly of flakes
774:
Viet (2004), however, focuses on mainly
Hoabinhians in Viet Nam. Within his wide range of study of this area, Da But is a site that he has worked at which is dated to about fifth to sixth millennium BC to the end of the third millennium BC. Within this site, Viet observed that the food Hoabinhians
1952:
Zeitoun, V., Forestier, H., Pierret, A., Chiemsisouraj, C., Lorvankham, M., Latthagnot, A., ... & Norkhamsomphou, S. (2012). Multi-millennial occupation in northwestern Laos: Preliminary results of excavations at the
Ngeubhinh Mouxeu rock-shelter. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 11(4),
813:
particular was found to be especially useful in determining reduction intensity and may prove instrumental in answering broader archaeological questions involving subsistence, geographic range, and domestication. Based on
Marwick's own research and Shoocongdej's (2000, 2006),
977:
The
Hoabinhian is a common lithic assemblage found throughout Southeast Asia. It is generally attributed to hunter-gatherer societies that occupied this region (Higham, 2013), but little is known about these societies in terms of their technological variability over time.
543:
have been described as having
Hoabinhian components. The apparent concentration of more than 120 Hoabinhian sites in Vietnam reflects intensive research activities in this area rather the location of a centre of the prehistoric Hoabinhian activity.
992:
Ji, Xueping; Kuman, Kathleen; Clarke, R. J.; Forestier, Hubert; Li, Yinghua; Ma, Juan; Qiu, Kaiwei; Li, Hao; Wu, Yun (2 May 2016). "The oldest
Hoabinhian technocomplex in Asia (43.5 ka) at Xiaodong rockshelter, Yunnan Province, southwest China".
729:(see Yen n.d.:12) remains to be established... What is important, and what we can say definitely, is that the remains indicate the early, quite sophisticated use of particular species which are still culturally important in Southeast Asia.'
742:
discussing the finds from Spirit Cave. While
Solheim noted that the specimens may 'merely be wild species gathered from the surrounding countryside', he claimed that the inhabitants at Spirit Cave had 'an advanced knowledge of
1267:
Marwick, Ben (2008). "What attributes are important for the measurement of assemblage reduction intensity? Results from an experimental stone artefact assemblage with relevance to the
Hoabinhian of mainland Southeast Asia".
898:, but many of these samples also display admixture with Hoabinhian-related ancestry to a smaller degree. In modern populations, this admixture of East Asian and Hoabinhian-related ancestry is most strongly associated with
1872:
Marwick, B. (2008) What attributes are important for the measurement of assemblage reduction intensity? Results from an experimental stone artefact assemblage with relevance to the Hoabinhian of mainland Southeast Asia.
577:
Recent archaeological research indicates that variation in Hoabinhian artifacts across regions are largely influenced by local, region-specific proximity to resources and changes in environmental conditions.
766:
of the results of Gorman's excavation has led to inflated claims of Hoabinhian agriculture. These claims have detracted from the significance of Spirit Cave as a site with well-preserved evidence of human
181:
1948:
White JC, Penny D, Kealhofer L and Maloney B 2004. Vegetation changes from the late Pleistocene through the Holocene from three areas of archaeological significance in Thailand. Quaternary International
392:. His aim was to determine if Hoabinhian artifact types described by Colani could be defined as clusters of constantly recurring attributes such as length, width, thickness, mass, length-width ratio and
1880:
Marwick, B. and M. K. Gagan (2011) Late Pleistocene monsoon variability in northwest Thailand: an oxygen isotope sequence from the bivalve Margaritanopsis laosensis excavated in Mae Hong Son province.
384:
Problems with Colani's typology were exposed by Matthews (1964) who analysed metric and technological attributes of unifacially flaked cobble artifacts from Hoabinhian levels at Sai Yok Rockshelter,
574:
have been identified as Hoabinhian, although the quality and quantity of descriptions vary and the relative significance of the Hoabinhian component at these sites can be difficult to determine.
775:
mostly focused on are mountainous shellfish, nuts, and fruit. Interesting enough, the site even shows a new shellfish species that they consumed: an as-yet-unnamed species of freshwater clam of
1369:
McColl, Hugh; Racimo, Fernando; Vinner, Lasse; Demeter, Fabrice; Gakuhari, Takashi; Moreno-Mayar, J. VĂctor; van Driem, George (6 July 2018). "The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia".
1826:
Forestier H, Zeitoun V, Winayalai C and MĂ©tais C (2013). The open-air site of Huai Hin (Northwestern Thailand): Chronological perspectives for the Hoabinhian. Comptes Rendus Palevol 12(1)
222:
is often regarded as a variation of the Hoabinhian industry, characterized by a higher frequency of edge-grounded cobble artifacts compared to earlier Hoabinhian artifacts, dated to
174:
755:' began at about 20,000 BC in southeast Asia. He also suggests that ceramic technology was invented at 13,000 BC although Spirit Cave does not have ceramics until after 6800 BC.
207:â2000 BCE. It is attributed to hunter-gatherer societies of the region whose technological variability over time is poorly understood. In 2016, a rock shelter was identified in
472:. At this conference Vietnamese archaeologists presented evidence of Hoabinhian artifacts dating to 17,000 years before the present. A vote was held where it was agreed that
167:
894:
went along with a population shift caused by migrations from southern China. Neolithic Mainland Southeast Asian samples predominantly have East Asian ancestry related to
1896:
Archaeological research of the Hoabinhian culture or technocomplex and its comparison with ethnoarchaeology of the Phi Tong Luang, a hunter-gatherer group of Thailand.
931:), such as 'dolichocephalic calvaria, large zygomatic bones, remarkably prominent glabellae and superciliary arches, concave nasal roots, and low and wide faces'.
396:
amount and distribution. Matthews found that Hoabinhian types did not exist and instead Hoabinhian artifacts reflect a continuous range of shapes and sizes.
460:
Gorman's work included a number of radiocarbon dates that confirmed the Holocene age of the Hoabinhian. Gorman's carbon-14 dates place Hoabinhian levels at
1976:
1435:
McColl, Hugh; Racimo, Fernando; Vinner, Lasse; Demeter, Fabrice; Gakuhari, Takashi; et al. (2018). "The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia".
200:
is a lithic techno-complex of archaeological sites associated with assemblages in Southeast Asia from the late Pleistocene to the Holocene, dated to
1754:
Zeitoun, Valéry; Bourdon, Emmanuel; Latsachack, Keo Oudone; Pierret, Alain; Singthong, Sommay; Baills, Henry; Forestier, Hubert (1 January 2019).
1991:
1941:
White JC, Gorman C. (2004) Patterns in "amorphous" industries: The Hoabinhian viewed through a lithic reduction sequence. IN Paz, V. (ed)
1756:"Discovery of a new open-air Hoabinhian site in Luang Prabang province (Lao PDR). Dating and technological study of the lithic assemblage"
581:
Beyond this core area, some archaeologists argue that there are isolated inventories of stone artifacts displaying Hoabinhian elements in
1981:
1297:"Multiple Optima in Hoabinhian flaked stone artefact palaeoeconomics and palaeoecology at two archaeological sites in Northwest Thailand"
1218:"Multiple Optima in Hoabinhian flaked stone artifact palaeoeconomics and palaeoecology at two archaeological sites in Northwest Thailand"
1151:
1849:
Gorman C. (1971) The Hoabinhian and After: Subsistence Patterns in Southeast Asia during the Late Pleistocene and Early Recent Periods.
429:") made by complete flaking on one side of a pebble and grinding stones also made on rounded pebbles, usually in association with
964:
the Hoabinhian is a lithic techno-complex from the late Pleistocene to Holocene, found in Mainland and Island Southeast Asia. (
1126:
1089:
1060:
1031:
365:(Matthews 1966). The original typology is so complicated that most Hoabinhian sites are identified simply by the presence of
1185:
Xueping Ji; Kathleen Kuman; R.J. Clarke; Hubert Forestier; Yinghua Li; Juan Ma; Kaiwei Qiu; Hao Li; Yun Wu (December 2015).
840:. Hoabinhian ancestry is described to be deeply diverged from the common ancestor of present-day East and Southeast Asians.
1986:
891:
441:
A cultural and ecological orientation to the use of rockshelters generally occurring near freshwater streams in an upland
348:. As a result of her work the First Congress of Prehistorians of the Far East in 1932 agreed to define the Hoabinhian as:
857:
1859:
Matthews JM. (1964) The Hoabinhian in Southeast Asia and elsewhere. PhD thesis. Australian National University, Canberra
539:
Since the term was first used to describe assemblages from sites in Vietnam, many sites throughout mainland and island
438:
Fairly similar assemblages of food remains including remains of extant shellfish, fish and small-to-medium-size mammals
1676:
1755:
369:(White & Gorman 1979). The chronology of Hoabinhian artifacts was assumed to be Holocene because of the extant
1152:"THE HOABINHIAN 60 YEARS AFTER MADELEINE COLANI: ANNIVERSARY CONFERENCE. HANOI, 28 DECEMBER 1993 - 3 JANUARY 1994"
1187:"The oldest Hoabinhian technocomplex in Asia (43.5 ka) at Xiaodong rockshelter, Yunnan Province, southwest China"
551:, China, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the Burmese border. It is the only Hoabinhian site discovered in China.
848:
samples have been extracted from individuals excavated in Hoabinhian contexts: one specimen from in Pha Faen in
1296:
1217:
887:
in the interior of the Malay Peninsula are genetically closest to the sampled ancient Hoabinhian individuals.
1971:
1537:
Göllner, Tobias; Larena, Maximilian; Kutanan, Wibhu; Lukas, Helmut; Fieder, Martin; Schaschl, Helmut (2022).
114:
1901:
Shoocongdej R. (2000) Forager Mobility Organization in Seasonal Tropical Environments of Western Thailand.
945:
895:
902:, and can also be reproduced in models where Onge samples are taken as proxies for Hoabinhian ancestry.
733:
374:
872:
528:
215:, where artifacts belonging to the Hoabinhian technocomplex were recognized, dating from 41,500 BCE.
108:
1829:
Gorman C. (1969) Hoabinhian: A pebble tool complex with early plant associations in Southeast Asia.
1155:
705:
type) in layers dating to c. 9800-8500 BP. None of the recovered specimens differed from their wild
1966:
1107:"The Hoabinhian of Southeast Asia and its Relationship to Regional Pleistocene Lithic Technologies"
531:, Vietnam. Hoabininhian technology is also claimed to be a continuation of the Sonvian technology.
341:
266:
1021:
81:
899:
814:
480:
285:
793:
The general food sources of Hoabinhians were gathered from the follow environmental conditions:
503:
The Hoabinhian Industry should be referred to as a "cobble" rather that a "pebble" tool industry
1588:"Extensive ethnolinguistic diversity in Vietnam reflects multiple sources of genetic diversity"
800:
Mountain water sources like streams, small rivers, swamps and lakes (providing snails and fish)
461:
358:
345:
309:
281:
832:
75:
1898:
TĂŒbingen: Verlag Archaeologica Venatoria: Institut fur Urgeschichte der Universitat TĂŒbingen.
725:
plants' (Gorman 1969:672). He later wrote (1971:311) that 'Whether they are definitely early
606:
400:
385:
1662:"Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China"
1889:
Hoabinhian: Geographie und Chronologie eines steinzeitlichen Technocomplexes in SĂŒdostasien
1839:
Gorman C. (1970) Excavations at Spirit Cave, North Thailand: Some interim interpretations.
1697:
1444:
849:
825:
818:
393:
147:
8:
928:
803:
Valley earthen surfaces (nuts, fruits, fungi, vegetables, wild cereals, and wild mammals)
738:
519:
301:
242:
87:
1921:
Van Tan H. (1994) The Hoabinhian in Southeast Asia: Culture, cultures or technocomplex?
1701:
1586:
Liu D, Duong NT, Ton ND, Van Phong N, Pakendorf B, Van Hai N, Stoneking M (April 2020).
1448:
905:
According to McColl et. al (2018), mainland HĂČabĂŹnhians share ancestry with present-day
736:, as the director of the project of which Spirit Cave was part, published an article in
1788:
1726:
1685:
1614:
1587:
1563:
1538:
1486:
1412:
906:
865:
378:
1661:
1638:
1792:
1780:
1731:
1713:
1686:"Craniometrics Reveal "Two Layers" of Prehistoric Human Dispersal in Eastern Eurasia"
1619:
1568:
1490:
1478:
1470:
1416:
1404:
1396:
1351:
1186:
1122:
1085:
1056:
1027:
120:
42:
1770:
1721:
1705:
1609:
1599:
1558:
1550:
1517:
1460:
1452:
1386:
1378:
1341:
1308:
1277:
1229:
1198:
1184:
1114:
1002:
337:
293:
258:
126:
1113:. Studies in Human Ecology and Adaptation. Vol. 9. Springer. pp. 63â78.
468:. The term was redefined in 1994 by archaeologists attending a conference held in
1933:
Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association (Chiang Mai Papers, Volume 3)
1329:
1202:
1141:
Who Needs the Past?: Indigenous Values and Archaeology by Robert Layton, page 154
1077:
1048:
1006:
920:
817:
were applied to examine human behavior through lithic assemblages which found in
547:
The oldest Hoabinhian complex was discovered at Xiaodong, a large rockshelter in
370:
357:
Despite the general terms of the definition, Colani's Hoabinhian is an elaborate
250:
924:
1775:
1709:
1539:"Unveiling the Genetic History of the Maniq, a Primary Hunter-Gatherer Society"
940:
678:
540:
488:
456:
occurring, individually or together, in the upper layers of Hoabinhian deposits
404:
362:
278:
1313:
1281:
1234:
1118:
785:
361:
as indicated by the 82 artifacts from Sao Dong that Colani classified into 28
1960:
1784:
1717:
1604:
1474:
1400:
1355:
837:
722:
670:
662:
435:
A high incidence of used flakes (identified from edge-damage characteristics)
1522:
1505:
1456:
1382:
1346:
1735:
1623:
1572:
1482:
1443:(6397). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 88â92.
1408:
1377:(6397). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 88â92.
1106:
916:
884:
759:
744:
654:
412:
289:
1554:
524:
493:
The chronology of the Hoabinhian industry dates is from "late-to-terminal
845:
768:
752:
494:
426:
422:
366:
35:
1637:
McColl, Hugh; Racimo, Fernando; Vinner, Lasse; Demeter, Fabrice (2018).
1506:"A genetic history of migration, diversification, and admixture in Asia"
1465:
1391:
1330:"A genetic history of migration, diversification, and admixture in Asia"
826:
Genetic links to ancient and modern East and Southeast Asian populations
797:
Limestone rock mountains (delivering land snails and some small mammals)
464:
between 12,000 and 8000 BP, these levels have also produced cord-marked
320:
913:
853:
748:
692:
634:
555:
507:
430:
305:
98:
50:
308:. More recent work (e.g., Shoocongdej 2000) uses the term to refer to
777:
763:
714:
710:
706:
594:
328:
219:
65:
1945:
University of the Philippines Press, Quezon City. pp. 411â441.
880:
861:
726:
702:
683:
571:
389:
277:) became a common term in the English-based literature to describe
262:
137:
1807:
Colani M. (1927) L'Ăąge de la pierre dans la province de Hoa Binh.
153:
697:
567:
559:
484:
465:
453:
212:
28:
1862:
Matthews JM. (1966) A Review of the 'Hoabinhian' in Indo-China.
1753:
1660:
Yang, Melinda A.; Fan, Xuechun; Sun, Bo; Chen, Chungyu (2020).
1111:
Lithic Technological Organization and Paleoenvironmental Change
979:
965:
876:
758:
Although Solheim concludes that his reconstruction is 'largely
718:
614:
590:
548:
446:
416:
297:
296:
artifacts. The term was originally used to refer to a specific
208:
1943:
Southeast Asian archaeology: Wilhelm G. Solheim II Festschrift
626:
586:
582:
469:
442:
836:
Phylogenetic position of the Hoabinhian lineage among other
269:
excavated from rock shelters. The related English adjective
909:
868:
563:
771:
and palaeoenvironmental conditions during the Hoabinhian.
1911:
Solheim, W.G. (1972) An earlier agricultural revolution.
1636:
1536:
1434:
1368:
1262:
1260:
646:
300:
group, restricted to a limited period with a distinctive
1682:
377:
by Colani and others working before the availability of
807:
782:; species are known to live in swampy areas and lakes.
709:. He suggested that these may have been used as foods,
399:
Following his archaeological excavation and surveys in
1257:
991:
449:
do indicate at least one other ecological orientation)
407:(1970) proposed a more detailed definition as follows
600:
312:
and assemblages with certain formal characteristics.
257:) was first used by French archaeologists working in
1585:
1173:
Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association
721:plants in particular 'point to a very early use of
1816:Flannery, KV. (1973) The origins of agriculture.
1958:
1109:. In Robinson, Erick; Sellet, Frederic (eds.).
506:The Hoabinhian should not be referred to as a "
415:tool tradition made primarily on water rounded
1659:
1931:Van Tan H. (1997) The Hoabinhian and before.
1809:MĂ©moires du Service GĂ©ologique de l'Indochine
1430:
1428:
1426:
1171:Van Tan H. (1997) The Hoabinhian and before.
175:
1639:"The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia"
1023:Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago
534:
514:
476:The concept of the Hoabinhian should be kept
419:and large flakes detached from these pebbles
373:found in the assemblages and the absence of
1423:
182:
168:
1977:Archaeological cultures of Southeast Asia
1774:
1725:
1613:
1603:
1562:
1521:
1464:
1390:
1345:
1312:
1233:
500:The term "Sumatralith" should be retained
479:The best concept for "Hoabinhian" was an
1497:
1019:
831:
784:
327:
319:
16:Archaeological culture in Southeast Asia
1579:
1294:
1266:
1215:
1175:(Chiang Mai Papers, Volume 3) 16: 35-41
1104:
896:ancient populations from southern China
344:in the northern Vietnamese province of
1959:
1510:Human Population Genetics and Genomics
1334:Human Population Genetics and Genomics
1301:Journal of Anthropological Archaeology
1222:Journal of Anthropological Archaeology
1167:
1165:
1082:Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology
1075:
1053:Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology
1046:
353:number of bone tools (Matthews 1966).
1672:(6501): 282â288 – via Science.
1503:
1327:
1251:Hoabinhian Food Strategy in Viet Nam
808:Hoabinhian stone artifact technology
445:topography (though Hoabinhian shell
211:, China, 40 km from the border with
27:Prehistoric and ancient cultures of
1992:Archaeological cultures in Cambodia
1504:Yang, Melinda A. (6 January 2022).
1328:Yang, Melinda A. (6 January 2022).
1162:
852:, Laos (7888 ± 40 BP) and one from
340:published some details of her nine
13:
1982:Archaeological cultures in Vietnam
1649:(6397): 88â92 – via Science.
601:Hoabinhian and plant domestication
14:
2003:
1875:Journal of Archaeological Science
1270:Journal of Archaeological Science
1026:. ANU E Press. pp. 161â167.
1248:
1653:
1630:
1592:Molecular Biology and Evolution
1530:
1362:
1321:
1288:
1242:
1209:
1178:
751:chart suggests that 'incipient
1144:
1135:
1098:
1069:
1040:
1013:
985:
971:
958:
452:Edge-grinding and cord-marked
1:
1818:Annual Review of Anthropology
1801:
951:
900:Austroasiatic-speaking groups
232:
223:
201:
1684:K. T.; Reinecke, A. (2019).
1543:Genome Biology and Evolution
1203:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.09.080
1076:Kipfer, Barbara Ann (2000).
1047:Kipfer, Barbara Ann (2000).
1007:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.09.080
946:An Son (archaeological site)
815:behavioral ecological models
717:, for lighting and that the
7:
1987:Mesolithic cultures of Asia
934:
892:Neolithic in Southeast Asia
789:Hiem cave (selected flakes)
605:Gorman (1971) claimed that
10:
2008:
1882:Quaternary Science Reviews
1776:10.1016/j.crpv.2018.05.003
1746:
1710:10.1038/s41598-018-35426-z
879:(also known as "Malaysian
315:
1314:10.1016/j.jaa.2013.08.004
1282:10.1016/j.jas.2007.08.007
1235:10.1016/j.jaa.2013.08.004
1119:10.1007/978-3-319-64407-3
1084:. Springer. p. 238.
535:Geographical distribution
515:Pre-Hoabinhian technology
497:to early-to-mid Holocene"
1191:Quaternary International
1055:. Springer. p. 50.
1020:Bellwood, Peter (2007).
995:Quaternary International
554:Archaeological sites in
1923:Vietnam Social Sciences
1523:10.47248/hpgg2202010001
1457:10.1126/science.aat3628
1383:10.1126/science.aat3628
1347:10.47248/hpgg2202010001
286:Mainland Southeast Asia
1763:Comptes Rendus Palevol
1605:10.1093/molbev/msaa099
841:
790:
462:Spirit Cave (Thailand)
411:A generally unifacial
403:, northwest Thailand,
381:methods in the 1950s.
355:
333:
325:
265:period archaeological
254:
246:
1295:Marwick, Ben (2013).
1105:Marwick, Ben (2018).
890:The emergence of the
844:As of 2022, only two
835:
788:
401:Mae Hong Son Province
386:Kanchanaburi Province
350:
331:
324:Hiem cave, Hoabinhian
323:
1972:Prehistoric Thailand
1894:Pookajorn S. (1988)
1884:30(21-22): 3088-3098
1216:Marwick, B. (2013).
850:Bolikhamxay Province
609:included remains of
529:ThĂĄi NguyĂȘn province
109:PhĂčng NguyĂȘn culture
1913:Scientific American
1702:2019NatSR...9.1451M
1555:10.1093/gbe/evac021
1449:2018Sci...361...88M
1158:on 26 October 2009.
980:Zeitoun et al. 2019
966:Zeitoun et al. 2019
739:Scientific American
302:subsistence economy
255:culture de HoĂ BĂŹnh
22:Part of a series on
1864:Asian Perspectives
1841:Asian Perspectives
1690:Scientific Reports
919:, and the ancient
842:
791:
379:radiocarbon dating
334:
332:Hiem cave (inside)
326:
60:(12,000â10,000 BC)
45:(20,000â12,000 BC)
1903:World Archaeology
1891:Köln, Lindensoft.
1887:Moser, J. (2001)
1851:World Archaeology
1253:. pp. 14â15.
1128:978-3-319-64407-3
1091:978-0-306-46158-3
1062:978-0-306-46158-3
1033:978-1-921313-12-7
838:Eastern Eurasians
192:
191:
150:(1,000 BCâ200 AD)
129:(1,000 BCâ100 AD)
82:Quỳnh VÄn culture
78:(10,000â8,000 BC)
1999:
1877:35(5): 1189-1200
1796:
1778:
1760:
1740:
1739:
1729:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1617:
1607:
1598:(9): 2503â2519.
1583:
1577:
1576:
1566:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1468:
1432:
1421:
1420:
1394:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1349:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1276:(5): 1189â1200.
1264:
1255:
1254:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1182:
1176:
1169:
1160:
1159:
1154:. Archived from
1148:
1142:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1017:
1011:
1010:
989:
983:
975:
969:
962:
651:Raphia lagenaria
527:rock shelter in
338:Madeleine Colani
259:Northern Vietnam
247:VÄn hĂła HĂČa BĂŹnh
239:HĂČa BĂŹnh culture
228:
225:
206:
203:
184:
177:
170:
148:Sa Huỳnh culture
127:Dong Son culture
117:(1,500â1,000 BC)
115:Äá»ng Äáșu culture
111:(2,000â1,500 BC)
90:(4,000â3,000 BC)
84:(8,000â6,000 BC)
19:
18:
2007:
2006:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1967:Ancient Vietnam
1957:
1956:
1804:
1799:
1758:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1681:
1677:
1658:
1654:
1635:
1631:
1584:
1580:
1535:
1531:
1502:
1498:
1433:
1424:
1367:
1363:
1326:
1322:
1293:
1289:
1265:
1258:
1247:
1243:
1214:
1210:
1183:
1179:
1170:
1163:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1129:
1103:
1099:
1092:
1074:
1070:
1063:
1045:
1041:
1034:
1018:
1014:
990:
986:
976:
972:
963:
959:
954:
937:
828:
810:
603:
537:
517:
388:, west-central
318:
284:assemblages in
235:
226:
204:
188:
159:
132:
93:
76:BáșŻc SÆĄn culture
17:
12:
11:
5:
2005:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1939:
1929:
1919:
1909:
1899:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1870:
1860:
1857:
1847:
1837:
1827:
1824:
1814:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1769:(1): 142â157.
1750:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1675:
1652:
1629:
1578:
1529:
1496:
1422:
1361:
1320:
1307:(4): 553â564.
1287:
1256:
1249:Viet, Nguyen.
1241:
1228:(4): 553â564.
1208:
1177:
1161:
1143:
1134:
1127:
1097:
1090:
1068:
1061:
1039:
1032:
1012:
984:
970:
956:
955:
953:
950:
949:
948:
943:
941:Con Moong Cave
936:
933:
827:
824:
809:
806:
805:
804:
801:
798:
602:
599:
597:(Moser 2001).
541:Southeast Asia
536:
533:
516:
513:
512:
511:
504:
501:
498:
491:
489:techno-complex
483:rather than a
477:
458:
457:
450:
439:
436:
433:
420:
405:Chester Gorman
317:
314:
234:
231:
190:
189:
187:
186:
179:
172:
164:
161:
160:
158:
157:
151:
144:
141:
140:
134:
133:
131:
130:
124:
123:(1,000â800 BC)
121:GĂČ Mun culture
118:
112:
105:
102:
101:
95:
94:
92:
91:
88:Äa BĂșt culture
85:
79:
72:
69:
68:
62:
61:
54:
53:
47:
46:
43:SÆĄn Vi culture
39:
38:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2004:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1752:
1751:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1679:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1656:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1633:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1582:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1524:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1365:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1263:
1261:
1252:
1245:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1168:
1166:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1138:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1101:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1072:
1064:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1016:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
988:
981:
974:
967:
961:
957:
947:
944:
942:
939:
938:
932:
930:
929:Austro-Papuan
926:
922:
918:
915:
911:
908:
903:
901:
897:
893:
888:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
839:
834:
830:
823:
820:
816:
802:
799:
796:
795:
794:
787:
783:
781:
779:
772:
770:
765:
764:overstatement
761:
756:
754:
750:
749:chronological
747:'. Solheim's
746:
741:
740:
735:
734:W. G. Solheim
730:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
699:
694:
690:
686:
685:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:water caltrop
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
552:
550:
545:
542:
532:
530:
526:
523:found at the
521:
509:
505:
502:
499:
496:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
475:
474:
473:
471:
467:
463:
455:
451:
448:
444:
440:
437:
434:
432:
428:
424:
421:
418:
414:
410:
409:
408:
406:
402:
397:
395:
391:
387:
382:
380:
376:
375:extinct fauna
372:
368:
364:
360:
354:
349:
347:
343:
339:
330:
322:
313:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
288:that contain
287:
283:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
230:
221:
216:
214:
210:
205: 10,000
199:
194:
185:
180:
178:
173:
171:
166:
165:
163:
162:
155:
154:Ăc Eo culture
152:
149:
146:
145:
143:
142:
139:
136:
135:
128:
125:
122:
119:
116:
113:
110:
107:
106:
104:
103:
100:
97:
96:
89:
86:
83:
80:
77:
74:
73:
71:
70:
67:
64:
63:
59:
56:
55:
52:
49:
48:
44:
41:
40:
37:
34:
33:
30:
26:
25:
21:
20:
1942:
1935:
1932:
1925:
1922:
1915:
1912:
1905:
1902:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1874:
1866:
1863:
1853:
1850:
1843:
1840:
1833:
1830:
1820:
1817:
1811:
1808:
1766:
1762:
1693:
1689:
1678:
1669:
1665:
1655:
1646:
1642:
1632:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1546:
1542:
1532:
1513:
1509:
1499:
1466:10072/383365
1440:
1436:
1392:10072/383365
1374:
1370:
1364:
1337:
1333:
1323:
1304:
1300:
1290:
1273:
1269:
1250:
1244:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1194:
1190:
1180:
1172:
1156:the original
1146:
1137:
1110:
1100:
1081:
1078:"Hoabinhian"
1071:
1052:
1042:
1022:
1015:
998:
994:
987:
973:
960:
904:
889:
858:Ulu Kelantan
843:
829:
811:
792:
776:
773:
760:hypothetical
757:
745:horticulture
737:
731:
723:domesticated
696:
688:
682:
674:
666:
658:
655:bottle gourd
650:
642:
638:
630:
622:
618:
610:
604:
580:
576:
562:, Thailand,
553:
546:
538:
518:
510:" phenomenon
459:
427:Sumatraliths
398:
383:
367:sumatraliths
356:
351:
335:
274:
270:
261:to describe
238:
236:
217:
197:
195:
193:
57:
1696:(1): 1451.
1516:(1): 1â32.
1340:(1): 1â32.
1197:: 166â174.
1049:"Bacsonian"
1001:: 166â174.
846:ancient DNA
769:subsistence
753:agriculture
607:Spirit Cave
495:Pleistocene
342:excavations
267:assemblages
229:â4000 BCE.
227: 8000
36:Paleolithic
1961:Categories
1802:Literature
952:References
907:Andamanese
875:, and the
866:Andamanese
719:leguminous
715:stimulants
711:condiments
707:phenotypes
693:candle nut
619:Terminalia
556:Terengganu
520:HĂ VÄn Táș„n
508:Mesolithic
431:iron oxide
306:technology
275:hoabianien
271:Hoabinhian
243:Vietnamese
233:Definition
198:Hoabinhian
156:(1â630 AD)
99:Bronze Age
58:Hoabinhian
51:Mesolithic
1823:: 271-310
1793:134942438
1785:1631-0683
1718:2045-2322
1491:206667111
1475:0036-8075
1417:206667111
1401:0036-8075
1356:2770-5005
914:Malaysian
778:Corbicula
732:In 1972,
727:cultigens
689:Aleurites
679:butternut
639:Phaseolus
635:broadbean
595:Australia
336:In 1927,
310:artifacts
237:The term
220:Bacsonian
66:Neolithic
1953:305â313.
1908:: 14â40.
1856:: 300-20
1846:: 79-107
1736:30723215
1624:32344428
1573:35143674
1483:29976827
1409:29976827
935:See also
923:Ikawazu
921:Japanese
881:Negritos
862:Malaysia
819:Tham Lod
703:cucumber
684:Canarium
585:, South
572:Cambodia
481:industry
466:ceramics
454:ceramics
425:tools ("
390:Thailand
359:typology
346:HĂČa BĂŹnh
282:artifact
273:(French
263:Holocene
138:Iron Age
1938:: 35-41
1918:: 34-41
1869:: 86-95
1836:: 671-3
1831:Science
1747:Sources
1727:6363732
1698:Bibcode
1666:Science
1643:Science
1615:7475039
1564:9005329
1445:Bibcode
1437:Science
1371:Science
883:") and
854:Gua Cha
762:', his
698:Cucumis
695:), and
675:Madhuca
568:Myanmar
560:Sumatra
485:culture
447:middens
443:karstic
417:pebbles
316:History
213:Myanmar
29:Vietnam
1949:113(1)
1791:
1783:
1734:
1724:
1716:
1622:
1612:
1571:
1561:
1489:
1481:
1473:
1415:
1407:
1399:
1354:
1125:
1088:
1059:
1030:
877:Semang
873:Jarawa
671:pepper
615:almond
611:Prunus
591:Taiwan
549:Yunnan
413:flaked
394:cortex
298:ethnic
294:cobble
290:flaked
251:French
209:Yunnan
1928:: 3-8
1789:S2CID
1759:(PDF)
1549:(4).
1487:S2CID
1413:S2CID
982::151)
968::143)
925:JĆmon
917:Jehai
885:Maniq
667:Piper
659:Trapa
649:) or
643:Pisum
637:) or
631:Vicia
627:betel
623:Areca
587:China
583:Nepal
525:NgÆ°á»m
470:Hanoi
371:fauna
363:types
279:stone
1781:ISSN
1732:PMID
1714:ISSN
1620:PMID
1569:PMID
1479:PMID
1471:ISSN
1405:PMID
1397:ISSN
1352:ISSN
1123:ISBN
1086:ISBN
1057:ISBN
1028:ISBN
910:Ănge
871:and
869:Onge
593:and
570:and
564:Laos
423:Core
304:and
218:The
196:The
1916:226
1834:163
1771:doi
1722:PMC
1706:doi
1670:369
1647:361
1610:PMC
1600:doi
1559:PMC
1551:doi
1518:doi
1461:hdl
1453:doi
1441:361
1387:hdl
1379:doi
1375:361
1342:doi
1309:doi
1278:doi
1230:doi
1199:doi
1195:400
1115:doi
1003:doi
999:400
856:in
780:spp
701:(a
681:),
673:),
665:),
657:),
647:pea
629:),
617:),
487:or
1963::
1936:16
1906:32
1844:13
1812:13
1787:.
1779:.
1767:18
1765:.
1761:.
1730:.
1720:.
1712:.
1704:.
1692:.
1688:.
1668:.
1664:.
1645:.
1641:.
1618:.
1608:.
1596:37
1594:.
1590:.
1567:.
1557:.
1547:14
1545:.
1541:.
1512:.
1508:.
1485:.
1477:.
1469:.
1459:.
1451:.
1439:.
1425:^
1411:.
1403:.
1395:.
1385:.
1373:.
1350:.
1336:.
1332:.
1305:32
1303:.
1299:.
1274:35
1272:.
1259:^
1226:32
1224:.
1220:.
1193:.
1189:.
1164:^
1121:.
1080:.
1051:.
997:.
912:,
860:,
713:,
687:,
641:,
621:,
589:,
566:,
558:,
292:,
253::
249:;
245::
224:c.
202:c.
1926:5
1867:9
1854:2
1821:2
1795:.
1773::
1738:.
1708::
1700::
1694:9
1626:.
1602::
1575:.
1553::
1526:.
1520::
1514:2
1493:.
1463::
1455::
1447::
1419:.
1389::
1381::
1358:.
1344::
1338:2
1317:.
1311::
1284:.
1280::
1238:.
1232::
1205:.
1201::
1131:.
1117::
1094:.
1065:.
1036:.
1009:.
1005::
978:(
691:(
677:(
669:(
661:(
653:(
645:(
633:(
625:(
613:(
241:(
183:e
176:t
169:v
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