Greece–Turkey relations

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Turkey , art. 230, at 235, Aug. 10, 1920, reprinted in 15 AM. J. INT'L L. 179 (Supp 1921). "The Treaty of Sevres was, however, not ratified and did not come into force. It was replaced by the Treaty of Lausanne, which not only did not contain provisions respecting the punishment of war crimes, but was accompanied by a 'Declaration of Amnesty' of all offenses committed between 1914 and 1922." Treaty of Peace between the Allied Powers and Turkey , July 24, 1923, League of Nations Treaty Series 11, reprinted in 18 AM. J. INT'L L. 1 (Supp. 1924). 99.

293: 49: 9316: 801: 1150: 1837: 8735: 1023: 523: 1209: 9534: 8410: 8781: 8400: 1823: 1809: 762: 79: 68: 893: 1291: 923:, site of Atatürk's birthplace, breaking some windows but causing little other damage. In retaliation, in Istanbul, thousands of shops, houses, churches and graves belonging to members of the ethnic Greek minority were destroyed within a few hours, over 12 people were killed and many more injured. The ongoing struggle between Turkey and Greece over control of Cyprus, and 777:. It represented the first example of Cold War involvement on the part of the Allies in the internal affairs of a non-Allied country. Turkey was a focus for the Soviet Union due to foreign control of the straits; it was a central reason for the outbreak of the Cold War In 1950, both Greece and Turkey fought in the 1225:

for resolving Europe's energy needs. The 2016 Turkey-Israel reconciliation led to Greece sabotaging the 2017 Cyprus-UN talks to reunify the island, preventing Israel and Turkey from developing a gas pipeline. In 2019, the east Mediterranean gas forum was created, including seven countries but excluding Turkey.

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Initially, the Allied Powers sought the prosecution of those responsible for the massacres. The Treaty of Sevres, which was signed on 10 August 1920, would have required the Turkish Government to hand over those responsible to the Allied Powers for trial. Treaty of Peace between the Allied Powers and

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The 2010 discovery of natural gas deposits in the eastern Mediterranean, first by Israel and then Egypt, has increased tensions between Greece and Turkey. The region is estimated to contain 5% of the world's known natural gas reserves. Historical security issues of the Aegean and Cyprus are important

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In the 1990s, friction around Turkey's EU accession involving Cyprus was paralleled by military tensions between Turkey and Greece. In 1994, Greece and Cyprus agreed on a security doctrine that would mean any Turkish military action in Cyprus would cause war with Greece. In 1997, Cyprus purchased two

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armies that had occupied the Ottoman Empire and establish new borders for a sovereign Turkish nation. The Turkish nation would be Western in civilisation and would elevate Turkish culture that had faded under Arab culture; this included disassociating Islam from Arab culture and restricted it to the

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The Cyprus dispute created a subsequent military build up. The dispute escalated with Greece's coup in Cyprus, which led to the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. In 1974, Greece reacted with the militarisation of the Greek islands off the coast of Turkey, the legality of which is challenged by Turkey. In

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There are 168 nations as signatories of the treaty, including Greece but not Turkey. Turkey disputes Greece can claim 12 miles off the coast of its islands, which the sea treaty permits, implying only the mainland has this right, otherwise it would give Greece dominant control of the Aegean. Turkey

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between Cyprus and Turkey. Negotiations on the division on the island in the 1990s failed because of the Turkish side's recognition of North Cyprus as an independent state, an issue that remains as of 2022. When Cyprus joined the EU in 2004, the possibility of a veto by Cyprus contributed to other

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That they hailed from the Kayı branch of the Oğuz confederacy seems to be a creative "rediscovery" in the genealogical concoction of the fifteenth century. It is missing not only in Ahmedi but also, and more importantly, in the Yahşi Fakih-Aşıkpaşazade narrative, which gives its own version of an

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and the rise of political Islam. There was a change to the Kemalism amnesia of the Ottoman Empire's past, which instead became a source of pride and identity for Turkey. Kemalism evolved to an alternative identity of European orientation as Turkey became a regional centre in the emerging Eurasian

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In the 1990s, Duygu Bazoglu Sezer claims Greece pursued a policy of encircling Turkey. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, both Greece and Turkey viewed each other with suspicion as they developed relations with the new countries. In 1995, however, this fear materialised. Greece formed a defence

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policy of Turkey has emerged. Islands and islets Iying within three miles (4.8 km) of the coast were included as part of the respective state under the Treaty of Lausanne. Greece controversially extended this limit to six miles (9.7 km) in 1936, which Turkey did not dispute due to good

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Greece since its admission had made a concentrated effort to oppose Turkey's admission to the EU and was scapegoated for resentment when it happened. This is despite its change of policy post 1995 and that was advocated during the Papandreou government. Concerns about Turkey's developmental and

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demographic imbalances as well as human rights and its war with Abdullah Öcalan’s Kurdish Workers Party (PKK) were factors in the EU decision but in Turkey it was felt due to the “Christians’ Club" of the EU. In Turkey, this contributed to the shift away from Turkey's founding secular doctrine

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Turkey has become a transit country for people entering Europe. In 2015, the route that passes from Turkey to Greece and then through the Balkan countries became the most-used route for migrants escaping conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, with irregular migration from further East

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In 1955, Greece's Article 19 of the Nationality Code established two classes of Greek citizens; those of "non-Greek descent" lost their citizenship if they left the country. By the time of its abolition in 1998, 60,000 people had lost their citizenship and the abolition had no retroactive

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occurred in 1830. Consular relations between the two countries were established in 1834. In 1853, a Greek embassy was opened in Istanbul; this was discontinued during periods of crisis and eventually transferred to the new capital Ankara in 1923 when the Republic of Turkey was formed.

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between Greece and Italy, was resolved to Greece's favour in 1946, upsetting Turkey because it changed the balance of power. Turkey renounced claims to the Dodecanese in the Treaty of Lausanne but future administrations wanted them for security reasons, and possibly due to the Cyprus

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Minorities in both countries since have been affected by the state of relations between them. Minorities are used as leverage, using the principle of reciprocity. In the 1960s, Turkey pressured the Greek minority in Turkey when the Cyprus issue escalated. Turkey used the election of

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its first direct Western outlet. The Caspian Sea is one of the oldest oil-producing regions; it is estimated to have reserves of 48 billion barrels, and 292 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. The opening of these fields followed more than 20 years of negotiation following the 2018

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The name 'Seljuk is a political rather than ethnic name. It derives from Selčiik, born Toqaq Temir Yally, a war-lord (sil-baši), from the Qiniq tribal grouping of the Oghuz. Seljuk, in the rough and tumble of internal Oghuz politics, fled to Jand, c.985, after falling out with his

1358:, protecting it from irregular migration. This, combined with Turkey's migrant crisis, has resulted in illegal migration being a key issue between Turkey and the EU. People moving across the border of Greece and Turkey are a frequent cause of incidents between the two countries. 7575:"GREECE AND TURKEY IN FRIENDSHIP PACT; Signing of Accord at Istanbul Ends 100 Years' Armed Enmity Between the Nations. MORE TREATIES TO FOLLOW Greece Agrees to Pay $ 2,125,000 Indemnity--Status Quo Is Recognized Under Pact. Turkish Press Hails Pact. Lauds Balkan Union Plan" 1060:

In the years that followed, relations improved. They included agreements on fighting organised crime, reducing military spending, preventing illegal immigration, and clearing land mines on the border. Additionally, Greece lifted its opposition to Turkey's accession to the

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KOURVETARIS, GEORGE A. (2006). VRYONIS, SPIROS (ed.). "A Review of "The Mechanism of Catastrophe: The Turkish Pogrom of September 6-7,1955, and the Destruction of the Greek Community of Istanbul" by Spiros Vryonis (New York, Greek Works Com, 2005)".

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In December 2023, a new attempt was made at peaceful relations. Dialogue has opened, with the signing of a declaration on good neighbourly relations. Pundits however remain unconvinced it means anything, at least until the Cyprus issue is addressed.

1381:, the conspirators were accused of planning attacks on mosques, triggering a conflict with Greece by Turkey shooting down one of its own warplanes and then accusing Greeks of this and planting bombs in Istanbul to initiate a military takeover. 1237:. Outside of the Caspian Sea nations, there are other suppliers that wish to leverage the geographical positioning of the nations. In May 2022, Greece signed a deal with Turkey's rival the United Arab Emirates for the distribution of the UAE's 7651:"ADDITIONAL TREATY TO THE TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP, NEUTRALITY, CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION OF OCTOBER 30TH, 1930, AND TO THE PACT OF CORDIAL FRIENDSHIP OF SEPTEMBER 14TH, 1933, BETWEEN GREECE AND TURKEY. SIGNED AT ATHENS, APRIL 27TH, 1938" 4773:

Oya Akgönenç, "A Precarious Peace in Bosnia-Herzegovina: The Dayton Accord and Its Prospect for Success," in R. Craig Nation, ed., The Yugoslav Conflict and Its Implications for International Relations, Ravenna: Longo Editore, 1998, pp.

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The election of Muftis in Greece and the reopening of the Halki Seminary in Turkey have become the most prominent issues. Issues around political authority and pre-conditions contribute to the stalemate. Former Greek prime minister

888:. By 1967, only 30 nations still used the old three-nautical-mile convention. It was ratified by Greece in 1972 but Turkey has not ratified it, asking for a bilateral solution since 1974 which uses the mid-line of the Aegean instead 927:, were concurrent with the pogrom. Pressure over the resulting London Conference to discuss Cyprus, and to direct attention away from the domestic political problems were the likely motivation of the Turkish Menderes government. 486:

Greece grew by two-thirds; it went from 64,790 to 108,610 km (25,020 to 41,930 sq mi) and its population from 2,660,000 to 4,363,000. With the Allies' victory in World War I, Greece was awarded sovereignty over

884:, which dated from the 17th century. According to this concept, national rights were limited to a specified belt of water extending from a nation's coastlines, usually 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi)—known as the 1001:

co-operation agreement with Syria, and between 1995 and 1998 established good relations with Turkey's other neighbours Iran and Armenia. In reaction, Turkey spoke with Israel in 1996, which caused uproar in Arab countries.

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views the Byzantine Empire as the medieval expression of a Greek nation and a pre-modern nation state. There is a debate that Turkey is not a successor state but the legal continuation of the Ottoman Empire as a republic.

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The black area indicates the territory claimed by Venizelos, a proponent of the Megali Idea, at the Paris Peace conference after World War I in 1919. The shaded region is where Greek and French claims conflict.

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politics limited competitive behaviour against each other. By the mid-1990s and later decades, these restraints on their rivalry were removed, and both nations had become each other's biggest security risk.

8366: 1403:, applied for asylum. More than 1,800 Turkish citizens requested asylum in Greece in 2017, including those who plotted the assassination. Sometimes, this causes tensions between the nations in other areas. 729:

invaded the country. The tax's main purpose, however, was to nationalise the Turkish economy by reducing minority populations' influence and control over the country's trade, finance, and industries.

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The Madduwatta text represents the first textual evidence for Greek incursions on the Anatolian mainland ... Mycenaeans settled there already during LH IIB (around 1450 BC; Niemeier, 1998, 142).

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have strained the relationship. Several issues frequently affect their current relations, including territorial disputes over the sea and air, minority rights, and Turkey's relationship with the

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and the only school where the Greek minority in Turkey educated its clergymen, is closed by Turkish authorities. All private, religious or academic, Muslim and non Muslim, are closed that year.

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Greece and Turkey sign the Additional Treaty to the Treaty of Friendship, Neutrality, Conciliation and Arbitration of 30 October 1930, and the Pact of Cordial Friendship of 14 September 1933.

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islands was published, which stripped the islands of their local governance. This was seen as revoking article 14 of the Treaty of Lausanne; it is argued the provisions were never observed.

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Following the population exchange, Greece wanted to end hostilities but negotiations stalled because of the issue of valuations of the properties of the exchanged populations. Driven by

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elaborate genealogical family tree going back to Noah. If there was a particularly significant claim to Kayı lineage, it is hard to imagine that Yahşi Fakih would not have heard of it.

6838: 6808: 915:, which targeted the city's substantial Greek ethnic minority and other minorities. In September 1955, a bomb exploded close to the Turkish consulate in Greece's second-largest city 1271:. The Greek minority in Turkey has shrunk from over 200,000 in 1923 to only 2,000 in 2023, while the Turkish minority in Greece has remained steady at 120,000 in the same period. 7437:"Lausanne Peace Treaty VI. Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations Signed at Lausanne, January 30, 1923. / Rep. of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs" 7436: 7220: 8396: 5169: 654:

would be the final settlement of their respective borders, pledged they would not join opposing military or economic alliances, and to immediately stop their naval arms race.

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by invading Cyprus and establishing a Greece-controlled Cyprus government. Soon after, Turkey—using its guarantor status arising from the trilateral accords of the 1959–1960

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who redefined priorities but it wasn't until the meeting of the foreign ministers the following years that this was noticed. In 1998, the capture of the Kurdish separatist

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The rise of Turkish nationalism among the Turkish Cypriots can be largely seen as a response to the Greek Cypriot national "awakening" and campaign for union with Greece.

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Greece ratifies the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea Turkey says the exercise of this treaty, if Greece expands its territorial waters to 12 nm, would be

1365:. There was some success with the four-year agreement extended to 2022, but several incidents have occurred. In 2019, the Greek government warned a new migrant crisis 6874: 2819:

In fact, no matter how one were to try, the sources simply do not allow the recovery of a family tree linking the antecedents of Osman to the Kayı of the Oğuz tribe.

721:, a special tax that heavily impacted the non-Muslim minorities of Turkey. Officially, the tax was devised to fill the state treasury that would have been needed if 6579:

Sitaropoulos, Nicholas (2004). "Freedom of Movement and the Right to a Nationality v. Ethnic Minorities: The Case of ex Article 19 of the Greek Nationality Code".

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The region is considered the end-point for east–west pipelines. In 2007, the countries inaugurated the Greek-Turkish natural gas pipeline, giving gas from the

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Following the Greek War of Independence, Greece was formed as an independent state in 1830. Relations between Greece and the Ottoman Empire were shaped by the

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Greece has been a member of the EU since 1981. Cyprus joined in 2004. Turkey submitted its application to join in 1987 and became a full candidate in 1999.

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which was closed in 1971. As a reaction in 1972, Greece closed a Turkish school in Rhodes. In recent years, Turkey has used its cultural heritage, such as

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The treaty also contained a declaration of amnesty for the perpetrators of crimes that were committed between 1914 and 1922, a period which was marked by

135:. Rivalry has characterised their relations for most of their history with periods of positive relations but no underlying resolution of the main issues. 7276: 7054: 5265: 5107: 3862: 687:

In 1941, due to Turkey's neutrality during the Second World War, Britain lifted the blockade and allowed shipments of grain from Turkey to relieve the

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Ganapati, N. Emel; Kelman, Ilan; Koukis, Theodore (2010). "Analysing Greek–Turkish disaster related cooperation: A disaster diplomacy perspective".

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Heraclides, Alexis (1 March 2012). "'What will become of us without barbarians?' The enduring Greek–Turkish rivalry as an identity-based conflict".

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During this period, the Greek minority that remained in Turkey faced discriminatory targeting. In 1941 in anticipation of the Second World War, in

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Much of modern Greece and Turkey came under Ottoman rule in the 15th century. During the following centuries, there were sporadic but unsuccessful

7422: 7234: 5654: 646:'s government, a series of treaties between Greece and Turkey were signed in 1930, in effect restoring Greek-Turkish relations and establishing a 5216: 3768: 1092: 151: 9500: 8747: 4633: 1670:

Oil is discovered in the north Aegean near the Greek island Thasos. It is the first major discovery since exploration started in the mid-1960s.

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has made a claim for the economic zone by splitting the Aegean Sea in the middle. The EU requires membership of the sea treaty as a condition.

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that gives Turkey control over the Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits, and regulates the transit of naval warships. The nations signed the 1938

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Strati, Anastasia (2000), Chircop, Aldo; Gerolymatos, André; Iatrides, John O. (eds.), "Greece and the Law of the Sea: A Greek Perspective",

692: 566: 195: 8443: 7262: 6918: 2687:"The Geopolitics on the Silk Road: Resurveying the Relationship of the Western Türks with Byzantium through Their Diplomatic Communications" 280: 6816: 997:

Lesser incidents where both side exchange fire often occur. This creates volatility when relations are tense and the risk of starting war.

2506: 10511: 6285: 6015:. Sozos-Christos Theodoulou, Nikos Panayiotides, Haralambos Alexandrou. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 120. 1646:

Turkish prime minister İsmet İnönü renounces the Greco-Turkish Treaty of Friendship of 1930 and took actions against the Greek minority.

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Basis for the EU-Turkey Joint Action Plan; Syrian asylum applications highest among all nationalities between 1 January and 30 June 2015

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The Greek government declares September 14 as a day of remembrance of the Genocide of the Hellenes of Asia Minor by the Turkish state.

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renounced the Greco-Turkish Treaty of Friendship of 1930 and took actions against the Greek minority. An estimated 50,000 Greeks were

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Greece and Turkey have a rivalry with a history of events that have been used to justify their nationalism. These events include the

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Ethnic map of Cyprus in 1973. Gold denotes Greek Cypriots, purple denotes Turkish Cypriot enclaves and red denotes British bases.

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Meichanetsidis, Vasileios Th. (2015). "The Genocide of the Greeks of the Ottoman Empire, 1913–1923: A Comprehensive Overview".

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The Greek War of Independence: The Struggle for Freedom from the Ottoman Oppression and the Birth of the Modern Greek Nation

7080: 7028: 2898:"From Rum Millet to Greek Nation: Enlightenment, Secularization, and National Identity in Ottoman Balkan Society, 1453–1821" 831:

After the decolonisation of Cyprus, conflict between Greeks and Turks broke out on the island. In the 1950s, the pursuit of

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brought other EU members into conflict with Turkey. Gas drilling on territory disputed with Greece using research vessel

1154: 1140: 1087:, the basis of claiming rights over the sea. Some claim fear of sovereignty loss is what is driving this conflict. Under 411: 292: 30: 7117: 6145: 3954:

The Turkish Cypriot nationalism developed mainly in reaction to the Greek Cypriot national desire for union with Greece.

9970: 9821: 9404: 8913: 8687: 7002: 6711: 5170:"Greece v. Turkey, Maritime Conflict Over The Aegean Sea: An International Law Perspective - Marine/ Shipping - Cyprus" 1922: 1213: 782: 558: 434: 6856: 1781: 11036: 10716: 10331: 10083: 9856: 9791: 9770: 9049: 8847: 8620: 8534: 8325: 8306: 8268: 8230: 8102: 7684: 7549: 5905: 3579: 3497: 1553: 870: 508: 467: 4659: 3240: 10768: 10659: 10627: 10622: 10221: 10124: 10119: 10063: 9801: 9688: 9281: 9250: 9200: 9054: 9039: 8939: 6344:

Aydıntaşba, Asli; Bianco, Cinzia (2021). "USEFUL ENEMIES: HOW THE TURKEY-UAE RIVALRY IS REMAKING THE MIDDLE EAST".

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Roberts, Geoffrey (2011). "Moscow's Cold War on the Periphery: Soviet Policy in Greece, Iran, and Turkey, 1943—8".

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There has been an extension of the conflict with other nations in the Mediterranean. In 2019 and 2022, Turkey made

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Lippe, John M. Vander (2000). "Forgotten Brigade of the Forgotten War: Turkey's Participation in the Korean War".

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Grigoriadis, Ioannis N. (2011). "Redefining the Nation: Shifting Boundaries of the 'Other' in Greece and Turkey".

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and Romania in a treaty of mutual assistance, and settled outstanding issues. Venizelos nominated Atatürk for the

206:. Greek-Turkish feuding was not a significant factor in international relations from 1930 to 1955, and during the 10872: 10721: 10617: 10561: 10541: 10257: 10196: 10145: 10088: 10078: 10073: 10068: 9929: 9836: 9796: 9678: 9668: 9653: 9530: 9297: 9195: 9014: 9009: 8954: 8949: 8777: 8564: 1008:

views the conflict between the nations as a fight for control over the Aegean Sea and the eastern Mediterranean.

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Turkey has seen a slide to authoritarianism resulting in Turkish refugees becoming more common, like politician

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Dumberry, Patrick (2012). "Is Turkey the 'Continuing' State of the Ottoman Empire Under International Law?".

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has also had a big effect on its relationship with the EU. The enforcement of the arms embargo against Libya

717:, adult male Armenians, Greeks and Jews were conscripted into labour battalions. In 1942, Turkey imposed the 2971:"Protocol of Conference Between Great Britain, France, and Russia, Relative to the Independence of Greece". 1065:(EU). Dr R. Craig Nation states there was a lot of progress but ultimately not on the issues that mattered. 11014: 10899: 10612: 10602: 10597: 10516: 10506: 10465: 10460: 10455: 10450: 10445: 10429: 10419: 10414: 10404: 10378: 10311: 10267: 10262: 10252: 10236: 10211: 10031: 10011: 9991: 9888: 9851: 9846: 9826: 9765: 9749: 9744: 9729: 9683: 9638: 9628: 9255: 9225: 9190: 9165: 9160: 9155: 9145: 9135: 9130: 9125: 9110: 9100: 9095: 9090: 9074: 9019: 8964: 8944: 8918: 8852: 8842: 8817: 8651: 8173: 7872: 1377:

During the 2010 trial of those accused of organising a 2003 alleged military coup attempt in Turkey called

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Mahalli Idareler Kanunu (the local government act; no. 1151/1927), concerning the local administration of

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Türkeş, Mustafa (1994). "The Balkan Pact and Its Immediate Implications for the Balkan States, 1930-34".

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61% of the world's proven gas reserves come from three predominant nations (Russia, Iran, Qatar) and the

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Towards the end of the 20th century, there were several high profile incidents between the countries. In

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ended all conflict and replaced previous treaties to constitute modern Turkey. The treaty provided for a

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has said Turkey and Greece would benefit if they treated minorities as citizens rather than foreigners.

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Imbros and Tenedos:: A Study of Turkish Attitudes Toward Two Ethnic Greek Island Communities Since 1923

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Petsalis-Diomidis, Nicholas. Greece at the Paris Peace Conference/1919. Inst. for Balkan Studies, 1978.

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which abandoned the demilitarised zones along the Turkish border with Greece that were a result of the

549:. Mustafa Kemal united the protesting voices in Anatolia and began a nationalist movement to repel the 483: 384: 5371: 1388:

who planned attacks in Turkey. Turkey has accused Greece of supporting terrorists such as the DHKP-C.

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Etatism and Diplomacy in Turkey: Economic and Foreign Policy Strategies in an Unknown World, 1929–39

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After the defeat of Italy in the Second World War, the long-standing issue of sovereignty over the

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The Greek presence in Asia Minor (Anatolia) dates to the Late Bronze Age (1450 BC) or earlier. The

5108:"Greece and Turkey sign 15 deals during 'groundbreaking' Erdoğan visit to Athens – as it happened" 3942:"The politics of identity in the Turkish Cypriot community: a response to the politics of denial?" 1046: 903:: Current territorial waters recognised by Greece and Turkey, and airspace as recognised by Turkey 639: 398:

against Ottoman rule. Greek nationalism started to appear in the 18th century. In March 1821. the

10916: 10860: 8517: 1634: 1366: 1084: 243: 8361: 6619:"Reciprocity Problem between Greece and Turkey: The Case of Muslim-Turkish and Greek Minorities" 6547:"Reciprocity Problem between Greece and Turkey: The Case of Muslim-Turkish and Greek Minorities" 6546: 6473:"Reciprocity Problem between Greece and Turkey: The Case of Muslim-Turkish and Greek Minorities" 6472: 6428:"Reciprocity Problem between Greece and Turkey: The Case of Muslim-Turkish and Greek Minorities" 6427: 6231: 4601:"Reciprocity Problem between Greece and Turkey: The Case of Muslim-Turkish and Greek Minorities" 4600: 3540: 1088: 1083:

The conflict between Turkey and Greece is largely over whether the Greek islands are allowed an

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Following the power vacuum left by the ending of the Axis occupation after the war, the

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was the first Turkic state to politically use the name Türk. The first contact with the

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The Greek Cypriots and much of the international community refer to it as an "invasion.

4010: 3898:

From early 1950s onward Greece has favored union with Cyprus through a policy of enosis

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During World War II, Turkey nationalised its industry and imposed the

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(4 December 2023). 5105: 4802: 4783: 4754: 4660:"GREEKS AND TURKS EASE AEGEAN CRISIS" 4594: 4592: 4350: 4331: 4240: 4217: 4151:Cyprus: Reunification Proving Elusive 3909: 3818:American Journal of International Law 3785: 3783: 3664: 3565: 3559: 3289: 2778: 2725: 2669:The first people to use the ethnonym 2294: 2208:Bahcheli, Tozun (23 September 2021). 2064: 1373:Turkish insurgents and asylum seekers 1361:In 2016, the EU and Turkey reached a 1057:that aided in a change of relations. 1011: 977:1986 by the border at the Evros River 878:U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea 127:. Modern relations began when Turkey 9486:Visa requirements for Greek citizens 7840:The walls between conflict and peace 6249: 6163: 6143: 5494: 5315: 5139: 4021: 3879: 3790:Colibasanu, Antonia (27 July 2021). 2657:. 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Istituto Affari Internazionali. 5414:"United Nations Treaty Collection" 5193: 4589: 4567:10.1002/j.1538-165X.2009.tb00664.x 4284:de Zayas, Alfred (1 August 2007). 3780: 3067:Anderson and Hershey, pp. 439-440. 3036: 2889: 2436:Turkey's consulate in Thessaloniki 2300:Greek security in the 21st century 2210:Greek-Turkish Relations Since 1955 1244: 1018:Greek–Turkish earthquake diplomacy 857:against the Cypriot president and 789:; and in 1953, Greece, Turkey and 783:North Atlantic Treaty Organization 580:was the systematic killing of the 25: 11131: 8621:Exclusive economic zone of Greece 8342:Turkish PM on landmark Greek trip 8335: 7953:. Vol. 20. pp. 275–291. 7871:Hazou, Elias (22 December 2013). 7167:"995 Turks seek asylum in Greece" 6740: 6722:from the original on 26 July 2019 5896:Nikolaos A. Stavrou, ed. 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(19 May 2010). 2457:"Turkey's consulate in Komotini" 1835: 1821: 1807: 1397:2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt 971:Military and diplomatic tensions 930:In 1964, Turkish prime minister 853:. In 1974, the Greek government 291: 279: 174:Contextual overview on relations 160:Dodecanese to Greece's territory 77: 66: 47: 8001:Papadimitriu, Georgios (1975). 7838:Alberto Gasparini, ed. (2017). 7425:. naftemporiki. 8 January 2016. 7265:. naftemporiki. 30 August 2016. 5837:. US Army War College: 297–298. 5106:Bayer, Lili (7 December 2023). 4796: 4777: 4767: 4711: 4685: 4651: 4626: 4546: 4513: 4499:. AltaMira Press. p. 273. 4423: 4387: 4344: 4325: 4308: 4290:Genocide Studies and Prevention 4277: 4234: 4189: 4171: 4154:. 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More notable is the 308: 10976:Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline 10964:International infrastructure 8652:Assassination of Galip Ozmen 8462:London and Zürich Agreements 5374:, in Steele, John H. (ed.), 5316:Inan, Yüksel (7 June 2022). 3916:. Routledge. pp. 30–1. 3180:World War I Document Archive 3100:10.1080/00263206.2011.536632 2732:. 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Craig (2003). 2170:10.33458/uidergisi.525071 2079:10.1017/s0922156511000252 2036:10.1017/s0165070x12000162 1979:Byzantinische Zeitschrift 1947:Isiskal, Hüseyin (2002). 1908:Greeks in the Middle East 1725:Genocide of Pontic Greeks 1522:Axis occupation of Greece 1269:Muslim minority in Greece 1183:issues involving Turkey. 622:Axis occupation of Greece 563:Treaty of Lausanne (1923) 400:Greek War of Independence 385:became the Ottoman Empire 102:Embassy of Turkey, Athens 99:Embassy of Greece, Ankara 98: 93: 89: 76: 65: 55: 46: 11015:Trans-Anatolian pipeline 10993:Northern Cyprus pipeline 10873:Treaty of Constantinople 9588:Central African Republic 8657:Sledgehammer (coup plan) 8503:Greco-Turkish War (1897) 8221:Bahcheli, Tozun (1987). 7335:– via www.wsj.com. 7316:– via www.wsj.com. 6684:DHA (2 September 2014). 6593:10.1163/1571816043020011 5879:"Greece, Turkey, Cyprus" 5853:"GREECE, TURKEY, CYPRUS" 5831:"GREECE, TURKEY, CYPRUS" 5808:"GREECE, TURKEY, CYPRUS" 5785:"GREECE, TURKEY, CYPRUS" 5738:european-union.europa.eu 5713:european-union.europa.eu 5089:"Greece, Turkey, Cyprus" 5041:"Greece, Turkey, Cyprus" 4967:10.1177/0010836709347216 4955:Cooperation and Conflict 4880:"Greece, Turkey, Cyprus" 4834:: 283 – via JSTOR. 4094:Madianou, Mirca (2012). 3744:"Greece and NATO - 1952" 3718:"Turkey and NATO - 1952" 3626:10.1177/0022009410383292 3239:Scharf, Michael (1996). 2884:A Story of Modern Greece 1928: 1687:1974 Cypriot coup d'état 614:Second Hellenic Republic 472:Greco-Turkish War (1897) 426:Greco-Turkish War (1897) 389:conquered Constantinople 156:decolonisation of Cyprus 11105:Greece–Turkey relations 8518:Treaty of London (1913) 8405:Greece–Turkey relations 7949:TR: Structural Traps VI 5986:in-cyprus.philenews.com 5438:ERDOĞAN, AYFER (2021). 4436:Nations and Nationalism 4353:Iran & the Caucasus 4243:Iran & the Caucasus 3473:Mangoe, Andrew (1999). 3037:Mateos, Natalia Ribas. 2794:Kafadar, Cemal (1995). 2272:Blank, Stephen (1999). 1635:Bloody Christmas (1963) 1341:Turkey's migrant crisis 1187:Turkey's migrant crisis 1085:exclusive economic zone 966:in Davos, February 1986 559:abolished the Sultanate 42:Greece–Turkey relations 18:Greco-Turkish relations 11010:Tabriz–Ankara pipeline 10981:Kirkuk–Ceyhan pipeline 10779:Accession negotiations 10512:Bosnia and Herzegovina 9462:Diplomatic missions of 9405:Greek–Serbian Alliance 8637:Chrysostomos of Smyrna 8240:Brewer, David (2003). 8178:www.washingtonpost.com 7609:Middle Eastern Studies 7544:. 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Pluto Press London. 3566:Aktar, Ayhan (2006). 3460:100+2 Years of Greece 2917:10.1353/mgs.1998.0024 2831:Durant, Will (1300). 2779:Imber, Colin (2009). 2218:10.4324/9780429040726 1766:Cyprus Missile Crisis 1697:Turkey invades Cyprus 1348: 1293: 1239:liquefied natural gas 1211: 1176:S-300 missile systems 1170:political formation. 1152: 1047:1999 İzmit earthquake 1025: 958:Greek Prime Minister 957: 895: 803: 764: 747:Further information: 640:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 638:in co-operation with 636:Eleftherios Venizelos 629: 592:which started before 525: 517: 464:Epirus Revolt of 1878 452:Epirus Revolt of 1854 437: 178:The histories of the 140:eastern Mediterranean 10878:Border with Bulgaria 10342:United Arab Emirates 9070:United Arab Emirates 8683:Greece–Turkey border 8616:Evros River incident 8592:Cypriot S-300 crisis 8575:Armistice of Mudanya 6904:www.ekathimerini.com 6879:www.ekathimerini.com 6863:. 10 September 2018. 6636:10.30958/ajhis.1-1-3 6566:10.30958/ajhis.1-1-3 6492:10.30958/ajhis.1-1-3 6447:10.30958/ajhis.1-1-3 6128:. 15 September 2020. 5501:www.ekathimerini.com 5146:Geopolitical Futures 4620:10.30958/ajhis.1-1-3 4097:Mediating the Nation 3796:Geopolitical Futures 3290:Jones, Adam (2011). 2762:The Turkic Languages 1992:10.1515/bz-2014-0009 1893:Greece–Turkey border 1089:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan 1055:earthquake diplomacy 919:, also damaging the 813:Geopolitical Futures 708:Turkish Red Crescent 618:4th of August Regime 528:Great fire of Smyrna 478:. 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Using the vessel 539:Mustafa Kemal Pasha 366:Battle of Manzikert 325:Names of the Greeks 219:Diplomatic missions 43: 38:Bilateral relations 10912:Treaty of Lausanne 10822:Second Balkan Pact 9899:Dominican Republic 9420:Second Balkan Pact 8642:The Twenty Classes 8604:1987 Aegean crisis 8580:Treaty of Lausanne 8477:87 Minutes Project 8457:Balkan Pact (1953) 8244:. Overlook Press. 8225:. Westview Press. 7970:The New York Times 7736:Diplomatic History 7579:The New York Times 7367:. 21 February 2018 7061:. 18 December 2017 7035:. 13 February 2014 6236:The New York Times 5992:on 31 January 2022 5962:. 25 December 2021 5526:has generic name ( 5232:Studia Diplomatica 4664:The New York Times 4477:The New York Times 3867:The New York Times 3337:10.3138/gsi.9.1.06 3152:global.tbmm.gov.tr 2979:(2): 67–68. 1918. 2951:www.britannica.com 2639:(48–49): 151–160. 1753:Imia-Kardak crisis 1711:1987 Aegean crisis 1444:Treaty of Lausanne 1401:military personnel 1351: 1296: 1261:treaty of Lausanne 1222: 1180:political standoff 1159: 1153:The self-declared 1035: 1012:Positive relations 968: 960:Andreas Papandreou 905: 806: 767: 715:the Twenty Classes 682:Treaty of Lausanne 678:Salonika Agreement 652:Treaty of Lausanne 632: 532: 520: 440: 362:Battle of Kapetron 244:consulates general 94:Diplomatic mission 41: 11092: 11091: 11088: 11087: 11084: 11083: 10917:Border with Syria 10834: 10833: 10830: 10829: 10817:First Balkan Pact 10734: 10733: 10730: 10729: 10705: 10704: 10636: 10635: 10355: 10354: 10045: 10044: 9870: 9869: 9608:Equatorial Guinea 9498: 9497: 9494: 9493: 9437: 9436: 9433: 9432: 9415:First Balkan Pact 9310: 9309: 9306: 9305: 8745: 8744: 8555:Burning of Smyrna 8301:. Phoenix Press. 8289:978-1-84511-504-3 8263:. Brassey's Inc. 8251:978-1-84511-504-3 8213:978-0-203-50191-7 8137:978-1-137-08879-6 8068:978-1-4438-9173-8 7849:978-90-04-27285-9 7784:. 8 December 2011 7782:CVCE.EU by UNI.LU 7297:. 30 August 2016. 7173:. 24 October 2017 6789:. 5 November 2001 6062:978-88-9368-023-3 6022:978-1-4438-6325-4 5936:. 11 January 1997 5677:hurriyetdailynews 5643:. 7 October 2022. 5641:hurriyetdailynews 5574:. 3 October 2022. 5393:978-0-12-227430-5 4931:978-1-5201-2165-9 4729:978-0-8330-3281-2 4161:978-1-4379-8040-0 4134:978-1-935352-03-7 4107:978-1-136-61105-6 4080:978-1-317-98847-2 4041:978-90-04-15223-6 3979:978-1-317-34466-7 3923:978-1-317-03274-8 3893:978-0-472-02204-5 3635:20.500.12323/1406 3526:978-0-230-23251-8 3301:978-0-203-84696-4 3054:978-1-4128-3775-0 2869:978-0-465-00850-6 2739:978-92-3-103211-0 2697:(2018): 109–125. 2664:978-1-4381-1913-7 2309:978-960-8356-20-7 2250:978-1-5201-2165-9 2227:978-0-429-04072-6 1861:History of Cyprus 1856:History of Turkey 1851:History of Greece 1798: 1797: 1329:George Papandreou 1178:, resulting in a 1123:Cyprus and the EU 1029:, founder of the 988:a military crisis 847:George Papandreou 795:a new Balkan Pact 667:Nobel Peace Prize 610:Atatürk's Reforms 480:Second Balkan War 373:Anatolian beyliks 260:Greece's missions 236:Turkey's missions 188:Anthony Kaldellis 106: 105: 16:(Redirected from 11127: 11076:Diplomatic corps 10929:Border with Iran 10866:Border with Iraq 10861:Treaty of Ankara 10851: 10850: 10840: 10839: 10754: 10753: 10740: 10739: 10645: 10644: 10364: 10363: 10290:Kurdistan Region 10054: 10053: 9879: 9878: 9568: 9567: 9561: 9560: 9547: 9546: 9537: 9536: 9525: 9518: 9511: 9502: 9501: 9443: 9442: 9339: 9338: 9325: 9324: 9318: 8989:Kurdistan Region 8808: 8807: 8794: 8793: 8784: 8783: 8772: 8765: 8758: 8749: 8748: 8737: 8736: 8570:Treaty of Sèvres 8523:Treaty of Athens 8513:First Balkan War 8413: 8412: 8403: 8402: 8391: 8384: 8377: 8368: 8367: 8331: 8312: 8293: 8274: 8255: 8236: 8217: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8170: 8164: 8163: 8147: 8141: 8140: 8115: 8109: 8108: 8090: 8081: 8080: 8054: 8041: 8040: 8022: 7998: 7989: 7988: 7986: 7984: 7961: 7955: 7954: 7952: 7942: 7936: 7935: 7899: 7893: 7892: 7890: 7888: 7868: 7862: 7861: 7835: 7829: 7828: 7800: 7794: 7793: 7791: 7789: 7774: 7768: 7767: 7731: 7725: 7724: 7722: 7720: 7705: 7699: 7698: 7672: 7666: 7665: 7663: 7661: 7655: 7647: 7641: 7640: 7604: 7598: 7597: 7595: 7593: 7570: 7564: 7563: 7537: 7531: 7530: 7528: 7517: 7511: 7510: 7492: 7482: 7458: 7452: 7451: 7449: 7447: 7433: 7427: 7426: 7419: 7413: 7412: 7401: 7395: 7394: 7383: 7377: 7376: 7374: 7372: 7357: 7351: 7350: 7343: 7337: 7336: 7324: 7318: 7317: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7287: 7281: 7280: 7273: 7267: 7266: 7259: 7253: 7252: 7245: 7239: 7238: 7231: 7225: 7224: 7217: 7211: 7210: 7203: 7197: 7196: 7189: 7183: 7182: 7180: 7178: 7163: 7157: 7156: 7122: 7113: 7107: 7106: 7105:. 10 April 2021. 7095: 7089: 7088: 7077: 7071: 7070: 7068: 7066: 7051: 7045: 7044: 7042: 7040: 7025: 7019: 7018: 7016: 7014: 7009:. 9 October 2013 6999: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6988: 6973: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6962: 6951: 6945: 6944: 6933: 6927: 6926: 6914: 6908: 6907: 6896: 6890: 6889: 6887: 6885: 6871: 6865: 6864: 6853: 6847: 6846: 6845:. 11 March 2020. 6835: 6829: 6828: 6826: 6824: 6805: 6799: 6798: 6796: 6794: 6783: 6777: 6776: 6774: 6772: 6761: 6755: 6754: 6741:Ahmet, İçduygu. 6738: 6732: 6731: 6729: 6727: 6708: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6697: 6681: 6675: 6674: 6672: 6670: 6655: 6649: 6648: 6638: 6614: 6605: 6604: 6576: 6570: 6569: 6551: 6542: 6533: 6532: 6521: 6515: 6514: 6502: 6496: 6495: 6477: 6468: 6451: 6450: 6432: 6423: 6417: 6413: 6409: 6403: 6402: 6366: 6360: 6359: 6357: 6341: 6335: 6334: 6332: 6330: 6315: 6309: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6281: 6275: 6274: 6272: 6270: 6256: 6247: 6246: 6244: 6242: 6227: 6221: 6220: 6194: 6170: 6161: 6160: 6158: 6156: 6141: 6130: 6129: 6118: 6112: 6111: 6099: 6093: 6092: 6081: 6075: 6074: 6048: 6035: 6034: 6008: 6002: 6001: 5999: 5997: 5988:. 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occupation 624: 606: 574:many atrocities 432: 414: 408: 396:Greek uprisings 381:Ottoman dynasty 339: 321: 313:Main articles: 311: 306: 299: 296: 287: 284: 221: 210:, domestic and 200:Istanbul pogrom 176: 138:Control of the 82: 78: 71: 67: 39: 34: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11133: 11123: 11122: 11117: 11112: 11107: 11090: 11089: 11086: 11085: 11082: 11081: 11079: 11078: 11073: 11072: 11071: 11061: 11051: 11049: 11045: 11044: 11042: 11041: 11040: 11039: 11034: 11027:Rail transport 11024: 11023: 11022: 11017: 11012: 11007: 10997: 10996: 10995: 10985: 10984: 10983: 10978: 10967: 10965: 10961: 10960: 10958: 10957: 10956: 10955: 10945: 10944: 10943: 10933: 10932: 10931: 10921: 10920: 10919: 10909: 10908: 10907: 10902: 10897: 10890:Treaty of Kars 10887: 10886: 10885: 10880: 10870: 10869: 10868: 10857: 10855: 10847: 10846: 10836: 10835: 10832: 10831: 10828: 10827: 10825: 10824: 10819: 10814: 10808: 10806: 10802: 10801: 10799: 10798: 10796:United Nations 10793: 10788: 10783: 10782: 10781: 10774:European Union 10771: 10766: 10760: 10758: 10750: 10749: 10736: 10735: 10732: 10731: 10728: 10727: 10725: 10724: 10719: 10713: 10711: 10707: 10706: 10703: 10702: 10700: 10699: 10694: 10688: 10686: 10682: 10681: 10679: 10678: 10672: 10670: 10666: 10665: 10663: 10662: 10657: 10651: 10649: 10642: 10638: 10637: 10634: 10633: 10631: 10630: 10625: 10620: 10615: 10610: 10605: 10600: 10594: 10592: 10588: 10587: 10585: 10584: 10579: 10574: 10569: 10564: 10559: 10554: 10549: 10544: 10539: 10534: 10529: 10524: 10519: 10514: 10509: 10503: 10501: 10497: 10496: 10494: 10493: 10491:United Kingdom 10488: 10483: 10478: 10473: 10468: 10463: 10458: 10453: 10448: 10442: 10440: 10436: 10435: 10433: 10432: 10427: 10422: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10401: 10399: 10395: 10394: 10392: 10391: 10386: 10381: 10376: 10374:Czech Republic 10370: 10368: 10361: 10357: 10356: 10353: 10352: 10350: 10349: 10344: 10339: 10334: 10329: 10324: 10319: 10314: 10309: 10304: 10299: 10294: 10293: 10292: 10282: 10277: 10276: 10275: 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9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9625: 9623: 9619: 9618: 9616: 9615: 9610: 9605: 9600: 9595: 9590: 9585: 9580: 9574: 9572: 9565: 9557: 9556: 9543: 9542: 9528: 9527: 9520: 9513: 9505: 9496: 9495: 9492: 9491: 9489: 9488: 9483: 9478: 9473: 9471:Greek diaspora 9468: 9459: 9453: 9450: 9449: 9439: 9438: 9435: 9434: 9431: 9430: 9428: 9427: 9422: 9417: 9412: 9407: 9401: 9399: 9395: 9394: 9392: 9391: 9386: 9381: 9379:Cyprus dispute 9376: 9374:Aegean dispute 9371: 9366: 9361: 9359:European Union 9356: 9351: 9349:United Nations 9345: 9343: 9335: 9334: 9321: 9320: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9307: 9304: 9303: 9301: 9300: 9294: 9292: 9288: 9287: 9285: 9284: 9279: 9273: 9271: 9267: 9266: 9264: 9263: 9261:United Kingdom 9258: 9253: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9121:Czech Republic 9118: 9113: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9087: 9085: 9081: 9080: 9078: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8936: 8934: 8930: 8929: 8927: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8870: 8868: 8864: 8863: 8861: 8860: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8825: 8820: 8814: 8812: 8804: 8803: 8790: 8789: 8775: 8774: 8767: 8760: 8752: 8743: 8742: 8732: 8729: 8728: 8726: 8725: 8720: 8718:Halki seminary 8715: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8698:Hellenoturkism 8695: 8690: 8685: 8679: 8677: 8673: 8672: 8670: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8633: 8631: 8627: 8626: 8624: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8612: 8611: 8606: 8599:Aegean dispute 8596: 8595: 8594: 8584: 8583: 8582: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8545:Adana massacre 8542: 8540:Greek genocide 8537: 8527: 8526: 8525: 8520: 8515: 8510: 8500: 8494: 8492: 8488: 8487: 8485: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8454: 8449: 8448: 8447: 8435: 8434: 8433: 8422: 8420: 8416: 8415: 8394: 8393: 8386: 8379: 8371: 8365: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8337: 8336:External links 8334: 8333: 8332: 8326: 8313: 8307: 8294: 8288: 8282:. I.B.Tauris. 8275: 8269: 8256: 8250: 8237: 8231: 8218: 8212: 8197: 8194: 8191: 8190: 8165: 8142: 8136: 8110: 8103: 8082: 8067: 8042: 7990: 7956: 7937: 7894: 7863: 7848: 7830: 7795: 7769: 7726: 7715:. 7 March 2022 7700: 7685: 7667: 7642: 7615:(1): 123–144. 7599: 7565: 7550: 7532: 7512: 7473:(4): 674–691. 7453: 7441:www.mfa.gov.tr 7428: 7414: 7411:. 8 June 2018. 7396: 7393:. 7 June 2018. 7378: 7352: 7338: 7319: 7300: 7282: 7268: 7254: 7240: 7226: 7212: 7209:. kathimerini. 7198: 7184: 7158: 7108: 7090: 7072: 7046: 7020: 6994: 6968: 6946: 6928: 6909: 6891: 6866: 6848: 6830: 6813:The Sofia Echo 6800: 6778: 6756: 6733: 6703: 6676: 6650: 6606: 6587:(3): 205–206. 6571: 6534: 6516: 6497: 6452: 6418: 6404: 6361: 6336: 6310: 6276: 6248: 6222: 6179:Insight Turkey 6162: 6131: 6113: 6094: 6076: 6061: 6036: 6021: 6003: 5973: 5947: 5921: 5906: 5888: 5866: 5840: 5821: 5798: 5775: 5750: 5725: 5700: 5682: 5664: 5646: 5628: 5602: 5590:www.mfa.gov.tr 5577: 5559: 5533: 5487: 5444:Insight Turkey 5430: 5405: 5392: 5362: 5337: 5308: 5283: 5257: 5238:(3): 295–318. 5222: 5186: 5174:www.mondaq.com 5158: 5132: 5098: 5079: 5050: 5031: 5012:(2): 215–240. 4996: 4961:(2): 162–185. 4945: 4930: 4914: 4902:news.bbc.co.uk 4889: 4870: 4859: 4848: 4837: 4814: 4795: 4776: 4766: 4742: 4728: 4710: 4684: 4650: 4625: 4588: 4545: 4512: 4505: 4482: 4461: 4442:(3): 361–380. 4422: 4386: 4343: 4324: 4307: 4276: 4249:(4): 403–417. 4233: 4210: 4188: 4170: 4160: 4140: 4133: 4113: 4106: 4086: 4079: 4059: 4047: 4040: 4020: 4001:(412): 19–20. 3985: 3978: 3958: 3952:(1): 197–204. 3932: 3922: 3902: 3892: 3872: 3869:. 24 May 1964. 3851: 3808: 3779: 3760: 3734: 3708: 3657: 3604: 3587: 3580: 3558: 3532: 3525: 3505: 3498: 3480: 3465: 3444: 3409: 3366: 3331:(1): 104–173. 3315: 3300: 3282: 3231: 3219: 3193: 3182:. 24 July 1923 3164: 3139: 3078: 3069: 3060: 3053: 3029: 3014: 2963: 2938: 2888: 2875: 2868: 2848: 2842:10.1.1.457.975 2823: 2805: 2786: 2771: 2764:. p. 25. 2752: 2738: 2718: 2677: 2663: 2645: 2623: 2598: 2573: 2548: 2523: 2498: 2473: 2448: 2423: 2398: 2373: 2349: 2323: 2308: 2287: 2264: 2249: 2233: 2226: 2200: 2143: 2116:(1): 115–134. 2100: 2073:(3): 561–583. 2057: 2030:(2): 235–262. 2014: 1965: 1938: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1926: 1925: 1920: 1915: 1910: 1905: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1868: 1866:Hellenoturkism 1863: 1858: 1853: 1847: 1846: 1832: 1818: 1802: 1799: 1796: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1785: 1784: 1775: 1773: 1769: 1768: 1763: 1760: 1756: 1755: 1750: 1746: 1745: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1728: 1721: 1718: 1714: 1713: 1708: 1705: 1701: 1700: 1694: 1690: 1689: 1679: 1676: 1672: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1662: 1661: 1658:Halki seminary 1654: 1652: 1648: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1638: 1637: 1632: 1629: 1625: 1624: 1617: 1614: 1610: 1609: 1598: 1595: 1591: 1590: 1583: 1580: 1576: 1575: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1557: 1550: 1547: 1543: 1542: 1538:Varlık Vergisi 1533: 1530: 1526: 1525: 1511: 1508: 1504: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1493: 1492: 1485: 1482: 1478: 1477: 1474: 1471: 1467: 1466: 1455: 1452: 1448: 1447: 1441: 1437: 1436: 1429: 1426: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1408: 1405: 1374: 1371: 1339:Main article: 1336: 1333: 1324: 1323: 1319: 1316: 1309: 1305:Varlık Vergisi 1281:Halki Seminary 1246: 1243: 1205: 1202: 1129:Cyprus problem 1124: 1121: 1079:Aegean dispute 1077:Main article: 1074: 1071: 1063:European Union 1039:Kostas Simitis 1016:Main article: 1013: 1010: 972: 969: 951: 948: 944:Heybeli Island 942:on Istanbul's 940:Halki seminary 921:Atatürk Museum 909:Adnan Menderes 899:nautical miles 890: 889: 874: 867:invaded Cyprus 829: 734: 731: 719:Varlık Vergisi 674:1936 agreement 605: 602: 588:population of 578:Greek genocide 497:Eastern Thrace 489:Western Thrace 410:Main article: 407: 404: 310: 307: 305: 302: 301: 300: 297: 290: 288: 285: 278: 242:in Athens and 229:Ottoman Empire 220: 217: 184:Ottoman Empire 175: 172: 164:European Union 125:Ottoman Empire 104: 103: 100: 96: 95: 91: 90: 87: 86: 75: 63: 62: 60: 57: 56: 53: 52: 37: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11132: 11121: 11118: 11116: 11113: 11111: 11108: 11106: 11103: 11102: 11100: 11077: 11074: 11070: 11067: 11066: 11065: 11062: 11060: 11056: 11053: 11052: 11050: 11046: 11038: 11035: 11033: 11032:Greece–Turkey 11030: 11029: 11028: 11025: 11021: 11018: 11016: 11013: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11003: 11002: 11001: 10998: 10994: 10991: 10990: 10989: 10986: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10973: 10972: 10969: 10968: 10966: 10962: 10954: 10951: 10950: 10949: 10946: 10942: 10939: 10938: 10937: 10934: 10930: 10927: 10926: 10925: 10922: 10918: 10915: 10914: 10913: 10910: 10906: 10903: 10901: 10898: 10896: 10893: 10892: 10891: 10888: 10884: 10881: 10879: 10876: 10875: 10874: 10871: 10867: 10864: 10863: 10862: 10859: 10858: 10856: 10852: 10848: 10841: 10837: 10823: 10820: 10818: 10815: 10813: 10810: 10809: 10807: 10803: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10780: 10777: 10776: 10775: 10772: 10770: 10767: 10765: 10762: 10761: 10759: 10755: 10751: 10746: 10741: 10737: 10723: 10720: 10718: 10715: 10714: 10712: 10710:Former states 10708: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10689: 10687: 10683: 10677: 10674: 10673: 10671: 10667: 10661: 10658: 10656: 10653: 10652: 10650: 10646: 10643: 10639: 10629: 10626: 10624: 10621: 10619: 10616: 10614: 10611: 10609: 10606: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10596: 10595: 10593: 10589: 10583: 10580: 10578: 10575: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10558: 10555: 10553: 10550: 10548: 10545: 10543: 10540: 10538: 10535: 10533: 10530: 10528: 10525: 10523: 10520: 10518: 10515: 10513: 10510: 10508: 10505: 10504: 10502: 10498: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10484: 10482: 10479: 10477: 10474: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10452: 10449: 10447: 10444: 10443: 10441: 10437: 10431: 10428: 10426: 10423: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10402: 10400: 10396: 10390: 10387: 10385: 10382: 10380: 10377: 10375: 10372: 10371: 10369: 10365: 10362: 10358: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10330: 10328: 10325: 10323: 10320: 10318: 10315: 10313: 10310: 10308: 10305: 10303: 10300: 10298: 10295: 10291: 10288: 10287: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10274: 10271: 10270: 10269: 10266: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10254: 10251: 10250: 10248: 10244: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10184: 10182: 10178: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10144: 10143: 10141: 10137: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10102: 10100: 10096: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10061: 10059: 10055: 10052: 10048: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9984: 9982: 9978: 9972: 9971:United States 9969: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9958: 9956: 9952: 9946: 9943: 9941: 9938: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9927: 9925: 9921: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9892: 9890: 9887: 9886: 9884: 9880: 9877: 9873: 9863: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9822:Guinea-Bissau 9820: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9808: 9805: 9803: 9802:Côte d'Ivoire 9800: 9798: 9795: 9793: 9790: 9788: 9785: 9784: 9782: 9778: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9763: 9761: 9757: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9727: 9725: 9721: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9626: 9624: 9620: 9614: 9611: 9609: 9606: 9604: 9601: 9599: 9596: 9594: 9591: 9589: 9586: 9584: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9575: 9573: 9569: 9566: 9562: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9544: 9540: 9535: 9526: 9521: 9519: 9514: 9512: 9507: 9506: 9503: 9487: 9484: 9482: 9479: 9477: 9474: 9472: 9469: 9467: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9454: 9451: 9444: 9440: 9426: 9423: 9421: 9418: 9416: 9413: 9411: 9410:Balkan League 9408: 9406: 9403: 9402: 9400: 9396: 9390: 9389:Craiova Group 9387: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9346: 9344: 9340: 9336: 9331: 9326: 9322: 9317: 9299: 9296: 9295: 9293: 9289: 9283: 9280: 9278: 9275: 9274: 9272: 9268: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9088: 9086: 9082: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8990: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8937: 8935: 8931: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8914:United States 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8871: 8869: 8865: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8815: 8813: 8809: 8805: 8800: 8795: 8791: 8787: 8782: 8773: 8768: 8766: 8761: 8759: 8754: 8753: 8750: 8740: 8730: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8713:Meis–Kaş Swim 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8680: 8678: 8674: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8634: 8632: 8628: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8601: 8600: 8597: 8593: 8590: 8589: 8588: 8585: 8581: 8578: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8533: 8532: 8531: 8528: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 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Routledge. 8205: 8200: 8199: 8179: 8175: 8169: 8161: 8157: 8153: 8146: 8139: 8133: 8129: 8125: 8121: 8114: 8106: 8104:0-275-96533-3 8100: 8096: 8089: 8087: 8078: 8074: 8070: 8064: 8060: 8053: 8051: 8049: 8047: 8038: 8034: 8030: 8026: 8021: 8016: 8012: 8008: 8004: 7997: 7995: 7979: 7975: 7971: 7967: 7960: 7951: 7950: 7941: 7933: 7929: 7925: 7921: 7917: 7913: 7909: 7905: 7898: 7882: 7878: 7874: 7867: 7859: 7855: 7851: 7845: 7841: 7834: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7814: 7810: 7806: 7799: 7783: 7779: 7773: 7765: 7761: 7757: 7753: 7749: 7745: 7741: 7737: 7730: 7714: 7710: 7704: 7696: 7692: 7688: 7686:0-521-24342-4 7682: 7678: 7671: 7652: 7646: 7638: 7634: 7630: 7626: 7622: 7618: 7614: 7610: 7603: 7588: 7584: 7580: 7576: 7569: 7561: 7557: 7553: 7551:1-56432-056-1 7547: 7543: 7536: 7525: 7524: 7516: 7508: 7504: 7500: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7472: 7468: 7464: 7457: 7442: 7438: 7432: 7424: 7418: 7410: 7406: 7400: 7392: 7388: 7382: 7366: 7362: 7356: 7348: 7342: 7334: 7330: 7323: 7315: 7311: 7304: 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1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1719: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1695: 1692: 1691: 1688: 1685:sponsors the 1684: 1680: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1636: 1633: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1616:6–7 September 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1544: 1540: 1539: 1534: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1412: 1404: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1389: 1387: 1382: 1380: 1370: 1369:would occur. 1368: 1364: 1359: 1357: 1356:Schengen Area 1347: 1342: 1332: 1330: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1310: 1307: 1306: 1301: 1300: 1299: 1292: 1288: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1272: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1256: 1252: 1242: 1240: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1219: 1215: 1210: 1201: 1199: 1198: 1197:MTA Oruç Reis 1192: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1177: 1171: 1168: 1162: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1120: 1116: 1114: 1110: 1105: 1101: 1099: 1094: 1093:Blue Homeland 1090: 1086: 1080: 1070: 1066: 1064: 1058: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1009: 1007: 1002: 998: 995: 993: 989: 985: 982: 978: 965: 961: 956: 947: 945: 941: 937: 933: 928: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 907:In 1955, the 902: 900: 894: 887: 883: 879: 875: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 855:staged a coup 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 835: 830: 826: 822: 818: 817: 816: 814: 811: 808:According to 802: 798: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 763: 758: 754: 750: 744: 740: 730: 728: 724: 720: 716: 711: 709: 705: 701: 700: 694: 690: 685: 683: 679: 675: 670: 668: 664: 660: 655: 653: 649: 645: 642:, as well as 641: 637: 628: 623: 619: 615: 611: 601: 600:(1914–1922). 599: 598:its aftermath 595: 591: 587: 586:Ottoman Greek 583: 579: 575: 570: 568: 564: 560: 555: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 529: 524: 516: 512: 510: 506: 502: 498: 494: 490: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 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