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438:. This led to intensive research in this field. A few days later (even before Röntgen had a chance to present his findings in Würzburg), the College of Physicians presented the first radiograph of a shotgun injury. The first radiologic atlas was published by Josef Maria Eder and Eduard Valenta in February 1896. Even the first angiogram was produced in Vienna by Eduard Haschek and the idea to use X-rays in radiotherapy came from Leopold Freund, who very successfully treated a
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reading room could be built. the group relocated many times again until 1855, when the government provided a gratis flat for them at
Teinfaltstraße; this was the society's headquarter for the next forty years. The last relocation occurred on July 23, 1893, into a new building, Frankgasse 8, named after Theodor Billroth. Today, the Billrothhaus remains the headquarter of the College of Physicians, also housing the society's library.
102:(physicians' forum) was founded in the early 1830s and had very renowned medics amongst its members, including Ignaz Rudolf Bischoff, university professor at the Josephinum in Vienna, Johann Hassinger, who later was deemed surgeon general, Heinrich Herzfelder, later the Chief Physician in the Israelite Hospital, Ludwig Wilhelm Mauthner von Mauthstein, founder of St. Anna children's hospital and the first professor of
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331:, who attributed childbed fever to this behavior. In 1845 and 1848 the society's journal "Zeitschrift der k.k. Gesellschaft der Ärzte" published articles which encouraged all physicians to follow Semmelweis' recommendations. In 1850 Ignaz Semmelweis gave a lecture and reported his findings to the society's members.
376:, the medical profession was forced to become more rigorous in clinical practice. The College of Physicians is responsible for two prominent therapeutic progresses: one is the application of electric current in therapeutic measures, the other is the establishment of a laboratory for chemical analysis in the
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Karl
Hermann Spitzy, who gained international renown for his work with penicillin, was president from 1982 to 1991. Franz Kainberger, who is leading the organization today, assumed the presidency after Karl Heinz Tragl, who served from 2007 to 2011. Radiologist Walter Hruby was president from 2015 to
224:
After Carl
Rokitansky was elected president of the society, in 1850, the association focused increasingly on the natural sciences, leading to a new direction for medicine and to the dawning the new era of the Second Medical School (Zweite Wiener Medizinische Schule). The transition towards education
185:
One of the goals of the society was to establish and nurture a library. Today, it has one of the largest private medical-scientific book collections in the world. The first librarian of the yet-to-be-built library, circa 1840, was the district physician
Hermann Hieronymus Beer. The first significant
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and marked the birth of endoscopy. This first endoscope was continuously refined, and in 1879, the Nietze-Leiter-cystoscope, which is used to examine the urinary bladder, was presented in a meeting of the
College of Physicians. Further modifications made the first esophago- and gastroscopy, by Carl
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was equivalent to the abolition of the Wiener
Medizinische Gesellschaft. Leopold Arzt, the chairman of the university's dermatology clinic, began to rebuild the Gesellschaft der Ärzte. Some of the property of the organization was lost during the war. The library had been moved to a barn in the very
142:
Andreas Joseph von Stifft, who was against the creation of the society, died. Their main goal by creating the
Gesellschaft der Ärzte was to promote the health sciences as art and science, prior to the goals of the Ärztevereinigung. Additionally, they hoped to use it as a platform to formulate their
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pathogen, which led to enormous progress in the battle against this disease. The
College of Physicians established a committee for prevention and therapy of tuberculosis and finally published a report with four crucial points: informing the population, reducing exposure to pathogens by improving
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The meetings of the society initially took place in the consistory room at the old university. At this point it was not possible to establish a much needed library. Due to the growing audience, the society moved to the 4th floor of the
Domkapitel at Stephansplatz in 1841, where a library and a
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In 1837, the foundation of the society was finally officially approved. The charter members were of course Franz Wirer and Ludwig
Turkheim, as well as Johann Malfatti, the general practitioners Gerhard Brants and Joseph von Vering, the director of the general hospital Franz Xaver Güntner, the
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The library was one of the primary goals of the association. Since its foundation, the collection has grown, through donations and swaps, as well as contributions by members. Today, the Billrothhaus library is one of the most precious book collections worldwide.
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entitled “Über Agglutinationserscheinungen normalen menschlichen Blutes”, which is seen as the foundation of grouping; this changed the picture in medicine completely. For the discovery of the AB0 blood group system, Landsteiner received the nobel prize in 1939.
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The most important function of the College of Physicians is the organization of lectures and discussion forums which showcase important health topics and new scientific findings. In the immediate post-war years, the college focused on infectious diseases such as
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then passed them on to other members. The scientific results where discussed during weekly meetings in the apartment of Dr. Heidmann and, after 1804, that of Dr. Malfatti. Other famous members of the club were Ludwig Freiherr von Türkheim, Franz Wirer and
273:
2019. Since March 2019 Helmut Sinzinger (specialist in nuclear medicine) is the current president. Sinzinger died on February 21, 2020. Beatrix Volc-Platzer was elected as the first female President of the College of Physicians in Vienna in October 2020.
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professor of pathology and pharmacy Leopold Franz Hermann, the climatologist Rudolph von Vivenot, the president of the faculty Johann Nepomuk von Raimann and the professors of the Josephinic Academy Friedrich Jäger von Jaxtthal and Ignaz Rudolf Bischoff.
225:
is strictly linked to Carl Rokitansky, Joseph Skoda and Ferdindand Hebra. It marks the elevated status of medicine from the philosophic era to one in which scientific discoveries and clinical manifestations were correlated to pathological findings.
384:. Florian Heller presented a reagent to measure the sugar level in urine, which was subsequently adopted into hospital routine. By 1874, the laboratory had become a state-of-the-art chemical analysis unit, and after 1889, through the influence of
334:
To handle increasing demand of water in Vienna, the College of Physicians initiated the "Drei-Quellen-Projekt" (Three Springs Project), which made it possible to access water from surrounding springs. The project was officially introduced by
265:
north of Austria to protect it from air raids. However, it was under threat from humidity and theft. The Billrothhaus also suffered damage from the war. Thanks to the members funds for both the repairs and the library retrieval were amassed.
208:. The members were free to choose their affiliation. This compartmentalization led to an increased number of meetings, as many as 45 per year. After the disbanding of the sections, the frequency decreased to 25 to 35 meetings per year.
243:
Regime a law was pushed through in 1938 which stated that any organization had to be led by national socialists. This law marked the abolition of the Gesellschaft der Ärzte. The commissarial conductor of this time was a member of the
268:
The society was re-established and officially approved in April 1946. Wolfgang Denk was elected president. Springer publishing took over the publication of the "Wiener klinische Wochenschrift", which had been discontinued in 1945.
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which was dreaded due to its high mortality rate. Johann Klein played an important role in these discussions. The medical students under his supervision used to visit the obstetrics ward directly after leaving the
181:
The first president was Johann Malfatti, who was succeeded by Franz Wirer in 1841. The number of members was at first regulated to a maximum of 40 but raised over time (100 members in 1839, 200 members in 1859).
49:
The organization's main task is the education of medics and the presentation of new scientific findings in the field of medicine. For this purpose, the Gesellschaft der Ärzte organizes scientific events, runs a
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Another project initiated by the college was the foundation of a hospital in Mariahilf - Vienna's sixth district. Although the construction was approved and initiated, it was halted by World War I.
311:
in 1843, an innovative device to analyze the heartbeat and the arterial pulse. The section of pharmacology contributed to the creation of an Apothecaries Act for the Kaiserstaat Austria, to prevent
78:
35 years prior to the foundation of the Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien, young physicians met to discuss relevant scientific information. These meetings were the basis for the society's formation.
174:. It is due to the influence of the academy and the college that the faculty of medicine broadened their limited scope beyond medical education and focused increasingly on science and research.
57:
After the incumbent President Helmut Sinzinger has died in early 2020, Beatrix Volc-Platzer was elected as the first female President of the College of Physicians in Vienna in October 2020.
154:. The foundation of the Royal Academy of Sciences ("Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften") in 1847 also helped to promote the medical sciences. While the theoretical subjects such as
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equipment hygiene, preventing infection, establishing diagnostic and treatment methods through bacteriological tests, by isolating people exposed to tuberculosis, and providing work.
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were discussed in the academy and published in its journal "Denkschrift", the College of Physicians focused on pathology, experimental anatomy, medical chemistry and, in particular,
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but more than anything else, the cholera epidemic. Some of the members' important discoveries even made their way into hospital routine. Karl Eduard Hammerschmidt presented a
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All the scientific meetings of the society where documented and published in "Zeitschrift der k.k. Gesellschaft der Ärzte" and later in "Wiener klinische Wochenschrift".
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contribution was made by the second president of the society, Franz Wirer, who bequeathed his private book collection to the Gesellschaft der Ärzte after his death.
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In honor of Otto Kraupp, this prize was established in 1999. It is awarded annually to the graduate with the best medical dissertation in an Austrian University.
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Stoerk and Joseph Leiter, possible. Subsequently, Johann von Mikulicz perfected the device. using it to make the first endoscopic diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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Assembly hall of the old University of Vienna: the first headquarter of the Gesellschaft der Ärzte – today it is the headquarter of the Academy of Sciences.
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This prize is awarded biannually in appreciation of the physiologist Wilhelm Auerswald for the best thesis from an Austrian medical faculty.
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Since 2000, the lectures have also addressed the study of medicine in Austria because the educational system came under fire.
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The society awards the Theodor-Billroth Medal for outstanding services to medicine, science or the College of Physicians.
388:, advanced further, becoming an innovative research institute which developed techniques pertaining to blood coagulation,
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776:(1903–1989) received the Nobel Prize in 1973 together with Nikoaal Tinbergen andKarl von Frisch for his genetic studies
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in 1873. As the percent of Vienna's population with clean water rose, there was a drastic decline in cholera cases.
696:(1868–1943) received the Nobel Prize in 1939 for the discovery of the AB0 blood group system and the Rhesus factor
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85:(physician's club) was founded in 1802 by Johann Anton Heidmann (1775–1855). Its members subscribed to medical
1102:. Zeitschrift der kaiserl. königl. Gesellschaft der Ärzte zu Wien (in German) (26 ed.). pp. 401–409.
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380:. This laboratory opened the gate to a large number of scientific discoveries, such as the pathomechanism of
690:(1857–1940) received the Nobel Prize in 1927 for the discovery of the implocationance of malaria vaccination
252:. It basically assumed all tasks from the College of Physicians, but, due to the war, meetings were rare.
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138:, are considered "the founding fathers" of the organization; however, this was not possible until the
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for their work on fast chemical reactions due to interferences in equilibrium of shlocation impulses
431:
1162:. Wiens Rolle in der Geschichte der Gastroenterologie (in German). Literas Universitätspublisher.
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523:
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978:
Geschichte der Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien seit 1838 - als Geschichte der Medizin in Wien
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823:"Univ.-Prof. Dr. Beatrix Volc-Platzer erste Präsidentin der Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien"
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232:, the frequency of scientific meetings decreased due to difficulties, and addressed mainly
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864:"Die Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien - location der Information und des Gedankenaustauschs"
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for the discovery of organization and release of individual and social behavioral patterns
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and Ludwig Türck, who later became the first tenured professor of laryngology, invented a
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Over time, their objectives changed. In 1839, the society changed its focus to promoting
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In addition to infectious diseases, the post-WW II society focused on the progress in
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he College of Physicians awards persons who render outstanding services to medicine.
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Eine neue Beobachtungs- und Unterschungsmethoder für Harnröhre, Harnblase und Rectum
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Under the presidency of Franz Wirer, the members were divided into four sections:
937:. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift (in German). Vol. 58. Wien. pp. 13–14.
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678:(1876–1936) received the Nobel Prize in 1914 for his work on the vestibular organ
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27:
1046:"Nachruf: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Helmut Sinzinger, 1948 – 2020, Gesellschaft der Ärzte"
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In 1901, the journal “Wiener klinische Wochenschrift” published an article by
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722:(1881–1955) received the Nobel Prize in 1945 for the discovery of Penicillin
684:(1869–1930) received the Nobel Prize in 1923 for his method of microanalysis
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During this time, significant progress was also made in the areas of
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728:(1896–1984) received the Nobel Prize in 1947 together with his wife
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wrote a letter to Franz Exner and informed him of his finding - the
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site, without washing their hands. Klein had several arguments with
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Verhandlungen der k.k. Gesellschaft der Ärzte zu Wien.(Erster Band)
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Die I. Wiener Hochquellenwasserleitung - Anlass der 100-date-Feier
732:(1896–1957) for the discovery of catalytic glycogen metabolization
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for the discovery of the chemical nerve conduction by Acetylcholin
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1219:. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift (59 ed.). Vienna: Springer.
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Ueber Agglutinationserscheinungen normalen menschlichen Blutes
1132:. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (in German) (31 ed.).
1117:. Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (in German) (29 ed.).
70:
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Der Kehlkopfrachenspiegel und die Methode seines Gebrauches
762:(1886–1982) received the Nobel Prize in 1973 together with
738:(1914–2002) received the Nobel Prize in 1962 together with
712:(1903–1995) received the Nobel Prize in 1939 together with
702:(1873–1961) received the Nobel Prize in 1936 together with
106:, as well as the practicing physician Rudolph von Vivenot.
1073:. Magistrat der Stadt Wien, Abt. 31 - Wasserwerke. Vienna.
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Wiener Zeitung - Österreichisch-kaiserliche Wiener Zeitung
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Geschichte der Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien: 1837 - 1937
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Die Untersuchung des Oesophagus mit dem Kehlkopf- spiegel
1147:. Centralblatt für Chirurgie (in German) (43 ed.).
935:
Die Wiedererrichtung der Gesellschaft der Ärzte zu Wien
748:(1927) received the Nobel Prize in 1967 together with
1234:. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift (in German). Vienna.
1002:"Neues Präsidium der Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien"
851:. Gesellschaft der Ärzte Wien (in German). Springer.
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Nobel Prize winners among the Gesellschaft der Ärzte
34:. Its principal task is the continuing education of
94:. This association published a yearly journal, the
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1283:Medical and health organisations based in Austria
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1174:Bericht über das 64. Gesellschaftsdate 1900-1901
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110:Beginnings of the Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien
1190:. Die Presse. Vienna. 1896-01-05. pp. 1–2.
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130:Franz Wirer and Ludwig Türkheim, who both were
869:. Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien. pp. 1–2
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1176:. Gesellschaft der Ärzte (in German). Vienna.
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716:for his work on the field of steroid hormones
1303:1802 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
1298:1802 establishments in the Habsburg monarchy
742:for his work on determination of haemoglobin
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236:, diseases and injuries caused by the war.
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961:Amtsblatt der Stadt Wien. 27 February 1946
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890:. Wien: Braumüller und Seidel. 1842–1844.
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1145:Über Gastroskopie und Ösophagoskopie
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407:discovered the anesthetic effect of
38:. The society's headquarter is the
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1022:"Über uns, Gesellschaft der Ärzte"
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906:Kronik der Wiener Krankenanstalten
54:and publishes educational videos.
30:with a long-standing tradition in
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1293:Organizations established in 1802
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1160:Geschichte der Gastroenteroskopie
1143:Mikulicz-Radecki, Johann (1881).
862:Holczabek, Wilhelm (2008-01-20).
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20:Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien
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1188:Eine sensationelle Entdeckung
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372:Following a discussion about
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1069:Drenning, A. (1973-10-24).
505:Reading room at the library
488:Billrothhaus § Library
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422:Robert Koch discovered the
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1230:Landsteiner, Karl (1901).
1217:In memoriam Leopold Freund
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976:Karl Heinz Tragl (2011).
904:Karl Heinz Tragl (2007).
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473:Billrothhaus from outside
318:Many lectures dealt with
92:Johann Friedrich Osiander
922:(in German). 1948-08-17.
795:"Gesellschaft der Ärzte"
143:response to the ongoing
16:Austrian medical society
1158:Seydl, Günther (2002).
847:Isidor Fischer (1938).
543:Wilhelm-Auerswald Prize
378:Vienna General Hospital
42:in the 9th district of
1215:Weiss, Konrad (1947).
1098:Türck, Ludwig (1858).
559:Theodor-Billroth Medal
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432:Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
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96:Gesundheitstaschenbuch
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1128:Stoerk, Carl (1881).
933:Wiedmann, A. (1946).
688:Julius Wagner-Jauregg
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212:Second medical school
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98:(Health Manual). The
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36:medical practitioners
1288:Healthcare in Vienna
740:John Cowdery Kendrew
736:Max Ferdinand Perutz
566:Past award winners:
1113:Nitze, Max (1871).
1050:www.billrothhaus.at
1026:www.billrothhaus.at
726:Carl Ferdinand Cori
651:Karl Hermann Spitzy
282:Scientific meetings
768:Nikolaas Tinbergen
754:George Plocationer
730:Gerty Theresa Cori
645:Leopold Schönbauer
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256:After World War II
241:National Socialist
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987:978-3-205-78512-5
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616:Oleh Hornykiewicz
610:Wilhelm Holczabek
551:Otto-Kraupp Preis
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799:the original
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639:Otto Novotny
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465:Billrothhaus
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424:tuberculosis
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413:laryngoscope
401:microbiology
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351:radiotherapy
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313:materialists
309:sphygmometer
289:tuberculosis
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867:(pdf, 31kb)
829:(in German)
682:Fritz Pregl
665:(1921–2007)
659:(born 1936)
653:(1915–2013)
647:(1888–1963)
641:(1911–1997)
635:(1887–1972)
629:(1911–1986)
622:Hubert Kunz
618:(born 1926)
612:(1919–2001)
606:(1905–1997)
600:(1877–1955)
594:(1904–2000)
588:(1882–1970)
582:(1885–1973)
573:(1895–1980)
405:Carl Koller
386:Ernst Freud
347:antibiotics
260:The end of
230:World War I
74:Franz Wirer
1272:Categories
1055:2020-02-25
1031:2019-03-24
1007:2013-08-24
980:. Böhlau.
873:2013-10-08
833:2020-11-16
805:2013-09-05
781:References
704:Henry Dale
700:Otto Loewi
627:Erna Lesky
576:Josef Böck
301:erysipelas
239:Under the
136:University
104:pediatrics
100:Ärzteforum
1240:cite book
1196:cite book
1079:cite book
943:cite book
442:with it.
430:In 1896,
359:cortisone
198:pathology
160:chemistry
459:Location
446:Research
382:diabetes
374:quackery
295:, pest,
250:chairman
87:journals
482:Library
409:cocaine
394:insulin
368:Therapy
355:surgery
337:Emperor
325:autopsy
234:plagues
228:During
206:therapy
202:hygiene
168:biology
164:anatomy
156:physics
134:at the
132:rectors
61:History
52:library
32:Austria
26:) is a
984:
827:OTS.at
535:Awards
440:naevus
305:rabies
293:typhus
44:Vienna
436:X-ray
246:NSDAP
1246:link
1202:link
1085:link
982:ISBN
949:link
766:and
752:and
357:and
204:and
166:and
81:The
297:pox
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