41:
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108:
210:
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132:
232:
174:
163:
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187:
120:
929:
1443:
On
October 21, the German government ordered the withdrawal of all troops from the region. The last ship with German soldiers aboard departed from Poti, Georgia, on December 13, 1918. Thus, in April 1919 it became the last German military formation to return home from active service in World War I.
1370:
and
Ukraine to advance on Baku. At the same time, Germany provided financial assistance to the Bolshevik government in Moscow and offered to stop the Ottoman Army of Islam in return for guaranteed access to Baku's oil. According to the August 27 agreement between the Bolshevik government in Moscow
1050:
offered to surrender all
Turkish ambitions in the Caucasus in return for recognition of the Ottoman reacquisition of the east Anatolian provinces at Brest-Litovsk at the end of the negotiations. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk provided some relief to
1341:
was dispatched to
Georgia and met with Enver Pasha at Batumi. The Ottoman government had to concede to German pressure by sacking Vehip Pasha and halting its drive, for the moment, and further advance into Georgia for the
1452:
The memoirs of
General of Artillery Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein were published in 2001 in the German language in Tbilisi, Georgia – Editor Dr. David Paitschadse, publishing house Samschoblo,
517:
1011:
was signed by Lenin and Stalin which armed and repatriated over 100,000 Armenians from the former Tsar's Army to be sent to the
Caucasus for operations against Ottoman interests. On January 20, 1918,
4672:
780:
1614:
1098:
was very different. The
Armenians pressured the Republic to refuse. They acknowledged the existence of a state of war between themselves and the Ottoman Empire. Hostilities resumed and
510:
3251:
3266:
3450:
1133:. The Armenian and Georgian members of the Republic's delegation began to stall. Beginning on May 21, the Ottoman army moved ahead once again. The ensuing conflict led to the
760:
4697:
4677:
3885:
503:
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402:
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and
Germany, the latter was to receive a quarter of Baku's oil production which was sent through the Caspian Sea and up the lower Volga to German supported forces in
3348:
4717:
2985:
2809:
2149:
1007:
moved to win the friendship of the
Bolsheviks with the signing of the Ottoman-Russian friendship treaty (January 1, 1918). On January 11, 1918, the special decree
3427:
1059:. However, the oil fields of Baku were not under control of the Russians and Germany had a high demand for oil. During March 30 to April 2 in 1918, thousands of
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1962:
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2020:
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40:
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colonists who had settled in
Georgia in the mid-19th century. Combined German-Georgian garrisons were stationed in various regions of Georgia, including
3653:
3343:
3294:
3209:
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The arrival of the German troops in Georgia coincided with the growing German-Turkish rivalry for Caucasian influence and resources, notably the
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and associated pipeline. The Ottomans reoriented their strategic direction towards Azerbaijan with a blocking action against British forces in
2127:
2189:
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was also involved in supervision and organizing the expedition; he met Georgian representatives in Berlin, accompanying them to see Kaiser
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143:
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2313:
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Reynolds, Michael A. (May 2009). "Buffers, not Brethren: Young Turk Military Policy in the First World War and the Myth of Panturanism".
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1990:
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detachment and the German Caucasus Expedition led by Colonel Friedrich von der Holtz met on 17 September, along with the forces of the
2320:
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Battalions), the 10th Sturm Battalion, 1 machine-gun detachment, and the 176th Mortar Company. It was 3,000 strong and commanded by
1972:
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2013:
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and to secure oil supplies for Germany by preventing the Ottoman Empire from gaining access to the oil reserves near Baku on the
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as a basis for further negotiations and wired the governing bodies urging them to accept this position. The mood prevailing in
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3194:
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1886:
1742:
1000:
32:
1435:. However, a severe political crisis in Germany, which started later that month, rendered the Caucasus expedition abortive.
3719:
3139:
1924:
1462:
4015:
3490:
2814:
2442:
1947:
1024:
3704:
4687:
3689:
2979:
2381:
2139:
807:
4707:
3564:
3258:
3074:
2346:
1817:
1661:
1553:
1524:
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1307:
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troops and included the 7th Bavarian Cavalry Brigade, reinforced by the 29th Bavarian Infantry Regiment (7th and 9th
1076:
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822:
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with Germany, and welcomed the prospect of a German expedition, seeing the Germans as protectors against the post-
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3815:
3620:
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3146:
3015:
1919:
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1192:
1004:
827:
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740:
675:
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2480:
4199:
3615:
3610:
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3595:
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1934:
1909:
1807:
1138:
966:
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337:
209:
198:
136:
131:
88:
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2194:
2122:
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1822:
1792:
1787:
730:
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362:
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4404:
3539:
3166:
3106:
3003:
2908:
2671:
2457:
2161:
2000:
1899:
1355:
1196:
916:
869:
715:
690:
648:
546:
4682:
4469:
4164:
3777:
3214:
3199:
3057:
3009:
2774:
2325:
2199:
2112:
2107:
1876:
1864:
1859:
1690:
1323:
1223:
1099:
236:
4085:
2386:
4584:
4574:
4389:
4384:
4244:
4204:
4194:
4179:
4065:
3757:
3714:
2991:
2749:
2734:
2636:
2505:
2073:
1985:
1942:
1432:
1372:
1150:
874:
331:
4035:
4604:
4254:
4040:
3926:
3699:
3467:
3051:
3039:
2794:
2779:
2500:
2391:
2085:
2063:
1812:
1802:
1735:
1248:
1199:, issued specifically for the German military personnel. This force was transported by sea from the
864:
775:
397:
2646:
1711:
4534:
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4169:
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1772:
1516:
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1039:
911:
894:
765:
755:
466:
407:
1239:
On June 4, under direct threat of the Ottoman 3rd Army, which had advanced to within 7 km of
4614:
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4184:
4154:
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3921:
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3737:
3679:
3439:
3134:
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2724:
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2510:
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2351:
2228:
1091:
1031:
889:
795:
598:
383:
2691:
1330:
renewed its offensive on the main road to Tiflis, and confronted a joint German-Georgian force.
4624:
4564:
4434:
4419:
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4349:
4334:
4284:
4189:
4134:
4119:
4000:
3936:
3512:
3236:
3171:
3027:
2754:
2681:
2631:
2616:
2598:
2571:
2485:
2452:
2117:
2078:
2058:
1869:
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The German government requested from the Ottoman Empire to stall an offensive into Azerbaijan.
1195:
of the Imperial German Army. Many of these officers and soldiers were awarded by the Georgian
812:
725:
1015:
entered an official protest against the Bolsheviks arming Armenian army legions and replied, "
4459:
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4219:
4144:
4075:
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3156:
3045:
2821:
2784:
2714:
2661:
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2551:
2525:
2475:
2406:
2308:
2261:
2045:
1914:
1797:
1698:
1479:
1387:
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1211:
where it landed on June 8, 1918, and was later reinforced by the German troops recalled from
1142:
988:
932:
750:
710:
573:
326:
588:
4619:
4524:
4484:
4479:
4394:
4354:
4339:
4309:
4214:
4174:
4109:
3852:
3767:
2447:
2421:
2371:
1728:
1542:
The Ottoman Endgame: War, Revolution, and the Making of the Modern Middle East, 1908 – 1923
1333:
On June 10, the Turks attacked and took many prisoners, leading to an official threat from
1319:
1134:
844:
568:
429:
418:
315:
2396:
8:
4594:
4429:
4424:
4379:
4364:
4224:
4209:
4149:
3980:
3834:
2973:
2837:
2789:
2666:
2626:
2621:
2566:
2249:
2243:
2144:
1592:
1394:, on the heels of the evacuating Soviet forces, captured the city on September 15, 1918.
1262:, the capital of Georgia, and held a joint German-Georgian military parade in the city's
1043:
859:
623:
495:
3787:
1173:
4554:
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4499:
4439:
4319:
4289:
4279:
4104:
4055:
4045:
4030:
3995:
3990:
3794:
3709:
3068:
2932:
2914:
2879:
2843:
2676:
2641:
2593:
2578:
2465:
2416:
2255:
2214:
1894:
1420:
1263:
1169:
1060:
991:
was signed by Russians and Ottomans, ending the armed conflicts between Russia and the
970:
854:
700:
665:
643:
628:
484:
454:
449:
391:
357:
350:
309:
1113:. At this conference the Ottomans extended their demands to include Tiflis as well as
4629:
4609:
4544:
4489:
4344:
4274:
4259:
4229:
4139:
4114:
3975:
3907:
3827:
3821:
3782:
3684:
3517:
3100:
2955:
2938:
2739:
2561:
2541:
2376:
2361:
2291:
2279:
1980:
1957:
1904:
1657:
1549:
1520:
1509:
1454:
1401:
1157:
1056:
996:
982:
955:
879:
695:
613:
563:
439:
434:
344:
321:
295:
203:
28:
1583:
Richard Hovannisian "The Armenian people from ancient to modern times" Pages 292-293
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4539:
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4314:
4304:
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4070:
4020:
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2855:
2849:
2759:
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2546:
2285:
2209:
2204:
2132:
1952:
1852:
1409:
1267:
1184:
1087:
1068:
1042:
was held between the Ottoman Empire and the delegation of the Transcaucasian Diet (
1020:
884:
849:
837:
832:
705:
424:
370:
214:
377:
4599:
4579:
4529:
4514:
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4369:
4294:
4269:
4129:
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3534:
2873:
2426:
2401:
2100:
2008:
1847:
1424:
1413:
1338:
1252:
948:
720:
685:
608:
1191:. Besides the Georgians of the Caucasus, there were Georgians who served in the
4509:
4324:
4050:
3896:
3527:
3507:
3178:
2891:
2729:
2520:
2411:
2267:
2171:
2154:
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1154:
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638:
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618:
558:
460:
112:
107:
66:
1271:
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4329:
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2356:
2273:
2184:
1545:
1177:
951:
944:
928:
125:
1511:
The Berlin-Baghdad Express: Ottoman Empire and Germany's bid for World Power
4249:
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2515:
1405:
1398:
1114:
1012:
583:
479:
148:
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2330:
1751:
1571:
Ezel Kural Shaw History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Page 326
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1327:
1311:
1103:
1047:
1035:
959:
178:
167:
1653:
1428:
1391:
1351:
1279:
1244:
1188:
1118:
1080:
1079:
with strong support from Bolshevik Soviets. This event is known as the
593:
3094:
2861:
1416:
1204:
1052:
578:
1615:
Ordered to Die: a history of the Ottoman army in the first World War
1366:
Simultaneously, two additional German divisions were moved from the
263:
3354:
1287:
1367:
1283:
1240:
1216:
1030:
On March 3, 1918, the Armistice of Erzincan was followed by the
4673:
Military operations of World War I involving the Ottoman Empire
1600:
1334:
1315:
1259:
1200:
1095:
1720:
1650:
Mudros to Lausanne: Britain’s Frontier in West Asia, 1918-1923
3522:
1266:. The German expedition was soon joined by the former German
1212:
1110:
1337:
to withdraw its support and troops from the Ottoman Empire.
1347:
1303:
1275:
1208:
1130:
1122:
1106:
overran new lands to the east, reaching pre-war frontiers.
1064:
525:
1419:
activist participating in the Battle of Baku, one of the
943:
was a military expedition sent in late May 1918, by the
1635:
1633:
1086:
On April 5, the head of the Transcaucasian delegation
1121:; they also wanted a railroad to be built to connect
4698:
Central Powers intervention in the Russian Civil War
4678:
Military operations of World War I involving Germany
1630:
1019:." Bolsheviks and Armenians would take the place of
1314:and the associated rail and pipeline connection to
1508:
1168:The expedition was composed almost exclusively of
1145:(May 21–24). On May 28, 1918, Georgia, signed the
4659:
2697:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
3879:
1736:
1517:Belknap Press of the Harvard University Press
1073:Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
1017:the Russian leopard had not changed its spots
511:
279:
4647:List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire
1109:On May 11, a new peace conference opened at
4718:Battles involving Soviet Russia (1917–1922)
4703:German involvement in the Russian Civil War
3187:
4693:Georgia (country) in the Russian Civil War
3886:
3872:
1743:
1729:
1680:
1678:
1567:
1565:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
518:
504:
286:
272:
1358:also known as the Ottoman Army of Islam.
1181:Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein
2986:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
1684:
1539:
1506:
1258:On June 10, the German force arrived at
927:
3363:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
1675:
1562:
1489:
4660:
1533:
4668:Campaigns and theatres of World War I
3867:
3316:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia
2652:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)
1724:
1579:
1577:
1361:
1001:Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
962:. Its prime aim was to stabilize the
499:
293:
267:
33:Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
16:Expedition in the Caucasus by Germany
3720:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
1038:. Between March 14 - April 1918 the
3901:Ottoman battles in the 20th century
3649:Ottomans against the Triple Entente
2443:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
1586:
1540:McMeekin, Sean (October 13, 2015).
13:
4713:Campaigns of the Russian Civil War
2382:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
1574:
14:
4729:
1308:Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan
1063:and other Muslims in the city of
1055:who were tied up in fighting the
4205:Kirte Bağları (Krithia Vineyard)
3895:
2745:Second Battle of the Piave River
2367:Russian invasion of East Prussia
1382:ignored this request. After the
252:
242:
230:
208:
197:
185:
172:
161:
142:
130:
118:
106:
39:
3816:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo
3016:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
1750:
1666:
1642:
1293:
1005:Committee of Union and Progress
741:Southern Front counteroffensive
3639:Austria-Hungary against Serbia
3498:Deportations from East Prussia
3295:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia
1621:
1606:
1473:
1461:, online version can be found
1139:Battle of Kara Killisse (1918)
967:Democratic Republic of Georgia
89:Democratic Republic of Georgia
1:
4180:3rd Arıburnu (3rd Anzac Cove)
4165:2nd Arıburnu (2nd Anzac Cove)
3550:Ukrainian Canadian internment
1648:Briton Cooper. Busch (1976),
1467:
1229:
1021:Nikolai Nikolayevich Yudenich
976:
900:Bolshevik–Makhnovist conflict
4642:For the battles before 1900
4240:Yusufçuktepe (Scimitar Hill)
3705:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement
3004:Estonian War of Independence
2672:Southern Palestine offensive
1515:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
1484:Russian Azerbaijan 1905-1920
1438:
1356:Islamic Army of the Caucasus
1270:in Russia and the mobilized
7:
3659:USA against Austria-Hungary
3058:Turkish War of Independence
3010:Latvian War of Independence
2735:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918
2326:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo
1612:Erickson, Edward J. (2000)
1597:A Modern History of Georgia
1408:who were leaving the city.
1322:). Early in June 1918, the
1222:The Ottoman Empire had the
1034:marking Russia's exit from
22:German Caucasus Expeditions
10:
4734:
3742:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk
3290:1899–1923 cholera pandemic
2750:Second Battle of the Marne
2637:Second battle of the Aisne
2506:Second Battle of Champagne
2347:German invasion of Belgium
1603:: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
1447:
1344:Batumi-Tiflis-Baku railway
1234:
1081:March Days or March Events
1067:and adjacent areas of the
980:
941:German Caucasus expedition
4688:1918 in Georgia (country)
4638:
4145:1st Arıburnu (Anzac Cove)
4135:Seddülbayır (Cape Helles)
4094:
3960:
3906:
3848:
3807:
3728:
3667:
3629:
3573:
3562:
3523:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)
3466:
3438:
3386:
3308:
3282:
3234:
3127:
3120:
3052:Irish War of Independence
2948:
2830:
2795:Armistice of Villa Giusti
2780:Battle of Vittorio Veneto
2705:
2607:
2534:
2435:
2392:First Battle of the Marne
2339:
2301:
2236:
2227:
2170:
2044:
2033:
1999:
1971:
1933:
1885:
1838:
1831:
1758:
1249:First Republic of Armenia
1163:
987:On December 5, 1917, the
537:
305:
223:
154:
99:
87:Turkish advance Into the
49:
38:
26:
21:
4708:Expeditions from Germany
4245:Selman’ı Pak (Ctesiphon)
3986:Beşpınar (Pente Pigadia)
3675:Constantinople Agreement
2968:Armenian–Azerbaijani War
2831:Co-belligerent conflicts
2800:Second Romanian campaign
2770:Third Transjordan attack
2481:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
2387:Battle of Grand Couronné
1354:led the drive under the
1219:for service in Georgia.
1040:Trabzon peace conference
530:of the Russian Civil War
4066:2nd Edirne (Adrianople)
4016:1st Edirne (Adrianople)
3738:Modus vivendi of Acroma
3690:Bulgaria–Germany treaty
2998:Greater Poland Uprising
2898:National Protection War
2775:Meuse–Argonne offensive
2725:German spring offensive
2720:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
2496:Siege of Novogeorgievsk
2471:Second Battle of Artois
2352:Battle of the Frontiers
1672:Erickson (2000), p. 187
1639:Erickson (2000), p. 186
1507:McMeekin, Sean (2010).
1092:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1032:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
77:Ottoman-German withdrew
3763:Paris Peace Conference
3751:Ukraine–Central Powers
3545:Massacres of Albanians
3513:Late Ottoman genocides
3320:Bulgarian occupations
3028:Third Anglo-Afghan War
2992:Hungarian–Romanian War
2810:Naval Victory Bulletin
2805:Armistice with Germany
2755:Hundred Days Offensive
2682:Battle of La Malmaison
2632:Second battle of Arras
2599:Battle of Transylvania
2453:Second Battle of Ypres
2321:Sarajevo assassination
2210:South African Republic
1706:Cite journal requires
936:
781:Pavlohrad–Katerynoslav
192:F. K. von Kressenstein
155:Commanders and leaders
4465:Berukin and 1st Arara
4210:Kanlısırt (Lone Pine)
3773:Treaty of St. Germain
3746:Russia–Central Powers
3700:Sykes–Picot Agreement
3528:Pontic Greek genocide
3503:Destruction of Kalisz
3479:Eastern Mediterranean
3040:Polish–Lithuanian War
2822:Armistice of Belgrade
2785:Armistice of Salonica
2715:Operation Faustschlag
2662:Third Battle of Oituz
2584:Baranovichi offensive
2552:Lake Naroch offensive
2526:Battle of Robat Karim
2501:Vistula–Bug offensive
2476:Battles of the Isonzo
2407:First Battle of Ypres
1480:Tadeusz Swietochowski
1388:Ottoman Army of Islam
1143:Battle of Bash Abaran
1141:(May 24–28), and the
1025:Russian Caucasus Army
989:Armistice of Erzincan
933:Transcaucasus Railway
931:
711:Vyoshenskaya Uprising
57:8 June – October 1918
45:Turkish Georgian Wars
4230:Kılıçbayır (The Nek)
4105:Köprüköy (Bergmann)
3768:Treaty of Versailles
3484:Mount Lebanon famine
3399:in the United States
3367:Russian occupations
3081:Turkish–Armenian War
3022:Polish–Ukrainian War
2962:Ukrainian–Soviet War
2909:Central Asian Revolt
2692:Armistice of Focșani
2422:Battle of Sarikamish
2372:Battle of Tannenberg
1768:Military engagements
1593:Lang, David Marshall
1320:Baku-Batumi pipeline
1197:Order of Queen Tamar
1135:Battle of Sardarapat
808:Rostov–Novocherkassk
91:stalled temporarily.
3981:Kırcalı (Kardzhali)
3835:They shall not pass
3758:Treaty of Bucharest
3715:Treaty of Bucharest
3654:USA against Germany
3631:Declarations of war
3335:German occupations
3248:British casualties
3107:Soviet–Georgian War
3034:Egyptian Revolution
2974:Armeno-Georgian War
2838:Somaliland campaign
2790:Armistice of Mudros
2667:Battle of Caporetto
2657:Battle of Mărășești
2627:Zimmermann telegram
2622:February Revolution
2567:Battle of the Somme
2491:Bug-Narew Offensive
2466:Battle of Gallipoli
2458:Sinking of the RMS
2250:Scramble for Africa
2244:Franco-Prussian War
1900:Sinai and Palestine
1627:Lang (1962), p. 182
1348:northwestern Persia
1044:Transcaucasian Sejm
771:Voronezh–Kastornoye
649:Allied intervention
474:Associated articles
4683:1918 in Azerbaijan
4405:Hareira and Sheria
3795:Treaty of Lausanne
3710:Paris Economy Pact
3644:UK against Germany
3574:Entry into the war
3540:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)
3259:Ottoman casualties
3069:Franco-Turkish War
2949:Post-War conflicts
2933:Russian Revolution
2915:Invasion of Darfur
2880:Kelantan rebellion
2868:Kurdish rebellions
2844:Mexican Revolution
2677:October Revolution
2642:Kerensky offensive
2617:Capture of Baghdad
2594:Monastir offensive
2579:Brusilov offensive
2417:Battle of Kolubara
2256:Russo-Japanese War
1433:Russian Revolution
1421:26 Baku Commissars
1362:On the way to Baku
1318:on the Black Sea (
1243:and 10 km of
1151:Russian Revolution
1075:were massacred by
971:Absheron Peninsula
937:
716:Alexandrovsky Fort
666:Katerynoslav March
310:Bergmann Offensive
4655:
4654:
4550:Afulah and Beisan
4520:German Expedition
4260:Erzurum offensive
4006:İşkodra (Scutari)
3908:Italo-Turkish War
3861:
3860:
3844:
3843:
3828:The Golden Virgin
3822:Mutilated victory
3803:
3802:
3783:Treaty of Trianon
3778:Treaty of Neuilly
3685:Damascus Protocol
3558:
3557:
3518:Armenian genocide
3475:Allied blockades
3447:Belgian refugees
3230:
3229:
3140:Strategic bombing
3116:
3115:
3101:Franco-Syrian War
3075:Greco-Turkish War
3063:Anglo-Turkish War
3046:Polish–Soviet War
2980:German Revolution
2956:Russian Civil War
2939:Finnish Civil War
2765:Battle of Megiddo
2740:Battle of Goychay
2687:Battle of Cambrai
2647:Battle of Mărăști
2562:Battle of Jutland
2542:Erzurum offensive
2397:Siege of Przemyśl
2377:Siege of Tsingtao
2362:Battle of Galicia
2292:Second Balkan War
2280:Italo-Turkish War
2237:Pre-War conflicts
2223:
2222:
2113:Portuguese Empire
2029:
2028:
1991:German New Guinea
1973:Asian and Pacific
1264:main thoroughfare
1158:military advances
1137:(May 21–29), the
997:Caucasus Campaign
983:Caucasus Campaign
956:Caucasus Campaign
925:
924:
880:Dagestan uprising
756:Advance on Moscow
696:Hryhoriv Uprising
671:Northern Caucasus
661:Voronezh–Povorino
493:
492:
413:German expedition
297:Caucasus campaign
262:
261:
204:Giorgi Kvinitadze
95:
94:
29:Caucasus Campaign
4725:
4585:Jisr Benat Yakub
4270:Felahiye (Hanna)
4160:Battle of Dilman
4125:Naval operations
4041:Varna (Kaliakra)
3900:
3899:
3888:
3881:
3874:
3865:
3864:
3788:Treaty of Sèvres
3680:Treaty of London
3571:
3570:
3349:Northeast France
3280:
3279:
3252:Parliamentarians
3185:
3184:
3147:Chemical weapons
3125:
3124:
2886:Senussi campaign
2856:Muscat rebellion
2850:Maritz rebellion
2818:
2760:Vardar offensive
2589:Battle of Romani
2557:Battle of Asiago
2547:Battle of Verdun
2511:Kosovo offensive
2286:First Balkan War
2234:
2233:
2133:Russian Republic
2042:
2041:
1836:
1835:
1778:Economic history
1745:
1738:
1731:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1709:
1704:
1702:
1694:
1691:Past and Present
1682:
1673:
1670:
1664:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1628:
1625:
1619:
1610:
1604:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1572:
1569:
1560:
1559:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1514:
1504:
1487:
1477:
1410:Grigory Korganov
1324:Ottoman 3rd Army
1268:prisoners of war
1203:to the Georgian
1185:Erich Ludendorff
1088:Akaki Chkhenkeli
1069:Baku Governorate
947:to the formerly
885:Tambov Rebellion
875:Northern Taurida
860:Ulagay's Landing
706:Chapan rebellion
532:
520:
513:
506:
497:
496:
300:
298:
288:
281:
274:
265:
264:
257:
256:
247:
246:
245:
235:
234:
233:
215:Ilia Odishelidze
213:
212:
202:
201:
194:
190:
189:
188:
177:
176:
175:
166:
165:
164:
147:
146:
135:
134:
124:
122:
121:
111:
110:
51:
50:
43:
19:
18:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4722:
4658:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4634:
4470:2nd Transjordan
4096:First World War
4090:
3956:
3902:
3894:
3892:
3862:
3857:
3840:
3799:
3731:
3724:
3695:Treaty of Darin
3663:
3625:
3581:Austria-Hungary
3567:
3554:
3535:Rape of Belgium
3462:
3434:
3382:
3376:Western Armenia
3371:Eastern Galicia
3304:
3278:
3242:
3241:Civilian impact
3240:
3226:
3183:
3112:
2944:
2874:Ovambo Uprising
2826:
2812:
2701:
2603:
2530:
2448:Battle of Łomża
2431:
2427:Christmas truce
2402:Race to the Sea
2335:
2297:
2219:
2190:Austria-Hungary
2166:
2101:Empire of Japan
2038:
2036:
2025:
2009:U-boat campaign
1995:
1967:
1929:
1881:
1827:
1808:Popular culture
1754:
1749:
1719:
1707:
1705:
1696:
1695:
1683:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1647:
1643:
1638:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1611:
1607:
1591:
1587:
1582:
1575:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1505:
1490:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1450:
1441:
1425:Bolshevik Party
1364:
1339:Hans von Seeckt
1296:
1253:Treaty of Batum
1237:
1232:
1226:in the region.
1193:Georgian Legion
1166:
985:
979:
926:
921:
890:Perekop–Chonhar
865:Obytichnyi Spit
721:Bender Uprising
686:Khotyn Uprising
533:
529:
526:
524:
494:
489:
471:
301:
296:
294:
292:
251:
243:
241:
231:
229:
207:
206:
196:
195:
186:
184:
183:
173:
171:
170:
162:
160:
141:
129:
128:
119:
117:
105:
83:
69:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4731:
4721:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4605:Jisr ed Damieh
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4335:Bir el Hassana
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4101:
4099:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3967:
3965:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3913:
3911:
3904:
3903:
3891:
3890:
3883:
3876:
3868:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3819:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3797:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3760:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3740:
3734:
3732:
3730:Peace treaties
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3671:
3669:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3635:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3616:United Kingdom
3613:
3608:
3606:Ottoman Empire
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3577:
3575:
3568:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3510:
3508:Sack of Dinant
3505:
3500:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3472:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3456:United Kingdom
3453:
3444:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3425:
3416:
3410:POW locations
3408:
3403:
3402:
3401:
3392:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3365:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3318:
3312:
3310:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3286:
3284:
3277:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3261:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3245:
3243:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3210:United Kingdom
3207:
3205:Ottoman Empire
3202:
3197:
3191:
3189:
3182:
3181:
3179:Trench warfare
3176:
3175:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3131:
3129:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3104:
3098:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3078:
3072:
3066:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2977:
2971:
2965:
2959:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2912:
2906:
2900:
2895:
2892:Volta-Bani War
2889:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2730:Zeebrugge Raid
2727:
2722:
2717:
2711:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2613:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2521:Battle of Loos
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2412:Black Sea raid
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2314:Historiography
2305:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2268:Bosnian Crisis
2265:
2262:Tangier Crisis
2259:
2253:
2247:
2240:
2238:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2195:Ottoman Empire
2192:
2187:
2182:
2176:
2174:
2172:Central Powers
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2155:British Empire
2150:United Kingdom
2147:
2142:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2128:Russian Empire
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2050:
2048:
2046:Entente Powers
2039:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2014:North Atlantic
2005:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1925:Central Arabia
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1891:
1889:
1887:Middle Eastern
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1844:
1842:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1788:Historiography
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1725:
1718:
1717:
1708:|journal=
1674:
1665:
1641:
1629:
1620:
1605:
1585:
1573:
1561:
1554:
1532:
1525:
1488:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1449:
1446:
1440:
1437:
1384:Battle of Baku
1363:
1360:
1295:
1292:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1165:
1162:
1153:havoc and the
1147:Treaty of Poti
1100:Ottoman troops
993:Ottoman Empire
978:
975:
923:
922:
920:
919:
914:
908:
907:
903:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
841:
840:
835:
825:
820:
818:North Caucasus
815:
810:
804:
803:
799:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
761:Nizhyn–Poltava
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
657:
656:
652:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
555:
554:
550:
549:
543:
542:
538:
535:
534:
528:Southern Front
523:
522:
515:
508:
500:
491:
490:
488:
487:
482:
476:
475:
470:
469:
464:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
388:
387:
386:
374:
367:
366:
365:
355:
354:
353:
341:
334:
329:
324:
319:
312:
306:
303:
302:
291:
290:
283:
276:
268:
260:
259:
249:
239:
226:
225:
221:
220:
217:
181:
157:
156:
152:
151:
139:
115:
113:Ottoman Empire
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
92:
85:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
67:South Caucasus
65:
63:
59:
58:
55:
47:
46:
36:
35:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4730:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4648:
4645:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4450:Khan Baghdadi
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4200:Kara Killisse
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4093:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3959:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3898:
3889:
3884:
3882:
3877:
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3870:
3869:
3866:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3847:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3813:
3812:
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3806:
3796:
3793:
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3779:
3776:
3774:
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3769:
3766:
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3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3622:
3621:United States
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3569:
3566:
3561:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3441:
3437:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3233:
3223:
3222:United States
3220:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3180:
3177:
3173:
3172:Convoy system
3170:
3169:
3168:
3167:Naval warfare
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3119:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2927:Kaocen revolt
2925:
2922:
2921:Easter Rising
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2823:
2820:
2816:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2486:Great Retreat
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2357:Battle of Cer
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2274:Agadir Crisis
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2162:United States
2160:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2079:French Empire
2077:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2032:
2022:
2021:Mediterranean
2019:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2001:Naval warfare
1998:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1877:Italian Front
1875:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1865:Eastern Front
1863:
1861:
1860:Western Front
1858:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1818:Puppet states
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1753:
1746:
1741:
1739:
1734:
1732:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1713:
1700:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1679:
1669:
1663:
1662:0-87395-265-0
1659:
1655:
1651:
1645:
1636:
1634:
1624:
1617:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1580:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1557:
1555:9780698410060
1551:
1547:
1543:
1536:
1528:
1526:9780674057395
1522:
1518:
1513:
1512:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1459:99928-26-62-2
1456:
1445:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1374:
1369:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1227:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1178:Major General
1175:
1171:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1090:accepted the
1089:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
984:
974:
972:
968:
965:
961:
957:
953:
952:Transcaucasia
950:
946:
945:German Empire
942:
934:
930:
918:
915:
913:
910:
909:
905:
904:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
839:
836:
834:
831:
830:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
805:
801:
800:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
736:Mamontov Raid
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
658:
654:
653:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
604:Transcaucasia
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
556:
552:
551:
548:
545:
544:
540:
539:
536:
531:
521:
516:
514:
509:
507:
502:
501:
498:
486:
483:
481:
478:
477:
473:
472:
468:
465:
463:
462:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
420:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
398:2nd Trebizond
396:
394:
393:
389:
385:
382:
381:
380:
379:
375:
373:
372:
368:
364:
361:
360:
359:
358:1st Trebizond
356:
352:
349:
348:
347:
346:
342:
340:
339:
338:Kara Killisse
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
317:
313:
311:
308:
307:
304:
299:
289:
284:
282:
277:
275:
270:
269:
266:
255:
250:
240:
238:
228:
227:
222:
218:
216:
211:
205:
200:
193:
182:
180:
169:
159:
158:
153:
150:
145:
140:
138:
133:
127:
116:
114:
109:
104:
103:
98:
90:
86:
81:
80:
76:
73:
72:
68:
64:
61:
60:
56:
53:
52:
48:
42:
37:
34:
30:
25:
20:
4643:
4519:
4420:Mughar Ridge
4410:Wadi el Hesi
4350:Jebel Hamlin
4051:İmroz (Elli)
3833:
3826:
3814:
3421: /
3353:
3188:Conscription
3152:Cryptography
3089:Iraqi Revolt
2516:Siege of Kut
2459:
2037:participants
1986:German Samoa
1920:South Arabia
1699:cite journal
1686:
1668:
1649:
1644:
1623:
1613:
1608:
1599:, p. 207-8.
1596:
1588:
1541:
1535:
1510:
1483:
1475:
1451:
1442:
1406:Baku Commune
1396:
1377:
1365:
1332:
1297:
1294:The skirmish
1257:
1238:
1221:
1167:
1115:Alexandropol
1108:
1085:
1029:
1016:
1013:Talaat Pasha
1008:
986:
940:
938:
823:Novorossiysk
603:
584:Steppe March
480:Dunsterforce
459:
417:
412:
390:
376:
369:
343:
336:
314:
149:Russian SFSR
100:Belligerents
27:Part of the
4215:Anafartalar
4098:(1914–1918)
4086:2nd Çatalca
4036:1st Çatalca
4001:Kirk Kilise
3971:Sarantaporo
3964:(1912–1913)
3962:Balkan Wars
3932:Kunfuda Bay
3910:(1911–1912)
3451:Netherlands
3428:Switzerland
3309:Occupations
3300:Spanish flu
3077:(1919–1922)
3071:(1918–1921)
3065:(1918–1923)
3054:(1919–1921)
3048:(1919–1921)
3042:(1919–1920)
3018:(1918–1920)
3012:(1918–1920)
3006:(1918–1920)
2988:(1918–1920)
2970:(1918–1920)
2964:(1917–1921)
2958:(1917–1921)
2905:(1916-1918)
2903:Arab Revolt
2894:(1915–1917)
2888:(1915–1917)
2876:(1914-1917)
2870:(1914–1917)
2864:(1914–1921)
2858:(1913–1920)
2846:(1910–1920)
2840:(1900–1920)
2813: [
2331:July Crisis
2252:(1880–1914)
1915:Mesopotamia
1793:Home fronts
1752:World War I
1652:, page 22.
1431:during the
1427:leaders in
1402:Bicherakhov
1380:Enver Pasha
1328:Vehip Pasha
1272:Württemberg
1251:signed the
1104:Vehip Pasha
1048:Enver Pasha
1036:World War I
960:World War I
954:during the
786:3rd Kharkiv
776:Khopyor–Don
751:Perehonivka
731:2nd Kharkiv
547:1st Kharkiv
485:Norperforce
403:2nd Erzurum
345:1st Erzurum
179:Wehib Pasha
168:Enver Pasha
82:Territorial
4662:Categories
4620:Khan Ayash
4525:Abu Tellul
4485:Karakilisa
4480:Sardarabad
4445:Tell 'Asur
4310:Bir el Abd
4120:Suez Canal
4110:Sarikamish
4011:Lüleburgaz
3668:Agreements
3468:War crimes
3344:Luxembourg
3237:Casualties
2108:Montenegro
1943:South West
1823:Technology
1813:Propaganda
1803:Opposition
1654:SUNY Press
1486:, page 119
1468:References
1429:Azerbaijan
1392:Nuri Pasha
1352:Nuri Pasha
1300:oil fields
1280:Ochamchire
1245:Echmiadzin
1230:Expedition
1224:Third Army
1189:Wilhelm II
1183:. General
1119:Echmiadzin
1053:Bolsheviks
1009:On Armenia
981:See also:
977:Background
964:pro-German
895:2nd Crimea
828:Azerbaijan
796:2nd Donbas
766:Orel–Kursk
691:1st Donbas
599:1st Crimea
594:March Days
569:Donbas-Don
430:Karakilisa
419:Sardarabad
371:1st Bitlis
316:Sarikamish
237:Third Army
4625:2nd Amman
4530:2nd Arara
4460:1st Amman
4430:Jerusalem
4425:Ayun Kara
4390:Khuweilfe
4385:Beersheba
4380:Wadi Musa
4365:Istabulat
4280:Trebizond
4255:Sağ Sahil
4225:Sarıbayır
4220:Conkbayır
4195:Manzikert
4190:Zığındere
4185:3rd Kirte
4175:No.3 Post
4170:2nd Kirte
4155:1st Kirte
3565:Diplomacy
3272:Olympians
3195:Australia
3162:Logistics
3095:Vlora War
3024:(1918–19)
3000:(1918–19)
2994:(1918–19)
2982:(1918–19)
2929:(1916–17)
2911:(1916–17)
2862:Zaian War
2852:(1914–15)
2572:first day
2460:Lusitania
2288:(1912–13)
2282:(1911–12)
2270:(1908–09)
2264:(1905–06)
2246:(1870–71)
2035:Principal
1895:Gallipoli
1798:Memorials
1783:Geography
1773:Aftermath
1439:Aftermath
1417:Communist
1310:, on the
1205:Black Sea
1057:civil war
624:Tsaritsyn
579:Ice March
332:Manzikert
4595:Damascus
4575:Tiberias
4555:Nazareth
4505:Binagadi
4500:Kurdamir
4395:3rd Gaza
4360:2nd Gaza
4355:1st Gaza
4345:Samarrah
4320:Magdhaba
4290:Erzincan
4150:Baby 700
4046:Merhamli
4031:Monastir
3996:Kumanovo
3991:Sorovich
3927:Benghazi
3853:Category
3440:Refugees
3406:Italians
3395:Germans
3355:Ober Ost
3135:Aviation
2229:Timeline
2200:Bulgaria
1981:Tsingtao
1958:Togoland
1905:Caucasus
1840:European
1832:Theatres
1618:, p. 233
1595:(1962).
1414:Georgian
1288:Borchalo
1207:port of
1170:Bavarian
1077:Dashnaks
855:Lankaran
791:4th Kiev
746:3rd Kiev
701:Binagadi
681:2nd Kiev
644:Dibrivka
629:Kurdamir
589:Iași–Don
574:1st Kiev
564:Shamkhor
467:Dagestan
455:Binagadi
450:Kurdamir
392:Erzincan
384:Çapakçur
363:Lazistan
351:Koprukoy
224:Strength
62:Location
4630:Haritan
4610:Sharqat
4545:Tulkarm
4535:Megiddo
4490:Goychay
4440:Jericho
4400:Baghdad
4340:2nd Kut
4250:1st Kut
4235:Hill 60
4140:Kumkale
4115:Ardahan
4071:Bolayır
4056:Korytsa
3976:Yenidje
3917:Preveza
3591:Germany
3491:Germany
3419:Germany
3339:Belgium
3324:Albania
3283:Disease
3263:Sports
3215:Ireland
3128:Warfare
3121:Aspects
2309:Origins
2302:Prelude
2205:Senussi
2185:Germany
2180:Leaders
2118:Romania
2059:Belgium
2054:Leaders
1953:Kamerun
1935:African
1870:Romania
1848:Balkans
1763:Outline
1546:Penguin
1448:Memoirs
1373:Ukraine
1368:Balkans
1312:Caspian
1284:Kutaisi
1241:Yerevan
1235:Prelude
1217:Ukraine
1155:Ottoman
1071:of the
999:of the
995:in the
949:Russian
935:in 1916
917:Georgia
870:Armenia
845:Ochakov
676:Ukraine
614:Goychay
440:Goychay
435:Mastara
408:Choloki
322:Ardahan
219:Unknown
137:Georgia
126:Germany
84:changes
31:in the
4615:Aleppo
4590:Kaukab
4570:Samakh
4540:Tabsor
4475:Abaran
4375:Ramadi
4305:Romani
4300:Bitlis
4081:Bizani
4076:Şarköy
4061:Lemnos
4026:Himara
4021:Prilep
3952:Zanzur
3947:Rhodes
3942:Beirut
3922:Tobruk
3611:Russia
3586:France
3414:Canada
3329:Serbia
3200:Canada
3157:Horses
3109:(1921)
3103:(1920)
3097:(1920)
3091:(1920)
3083:(1920)
3036:(1919)
3030:(1919)
2976:(1918)
2941:(1918)
2935:(1917)
2923:(1916)
2917:(1916)
2882:(1915)
2294:(1913)
2276:(1911)
2258:(1905)
2215:Darfur
2140:Serbia
2123:Russia
2086:Greece
2074:France
2064:Brazil
1910:Persia
1853:Serbia
1660:
1601:London
1552:
1523:
1457:
1412:was a
1399:Soviet
1390:under
1386:, the
1335:Berlin
1326:under
1316:Batumi
1286:, and
1260:Tiflis
1247:, the
1201:Crimea
1164:Forces
1102:under
1096:Tiflis
1061:Azeris
1003:. The
850:Anzali
838:Sarvan
833:Yalama
559:Mughan
425:Abaran
258:22,000
123:
74:Result
4600:Kiswe
4580:Irbid
4565:Haifa
4560:Jenin
4515:Arsuf
4495:Aghsu
4455:Hijla
4435:Jaffa
4370:Aqaba
4330:Nekhl
4315:Yanbu
4295:Aqaba
4285:Mecca
4275:Sabis
4130:Katya
3937:Derna
3808:Other
3601:Japan
3596:Italy
3423:camps
3267:Rugby
2817:]
2096:Japan
2091:Italy
2069:China
1963:North
1302:near
1213:Syria
1174:Jäger
1129:with
1127:Julfa
1111:Batum
912:Anapa
813:Odesa
726:Odesa
634:Livny
619:Sochi
609:Kuban
445:Aghsu
248:3,000
4510:Baku
4325:Rafa
4265:Wadi
3388:POWs
2707:1918
2609:1917
2535:1916
2436:1915
2340:1914
2145:Siam
1948:East
1712:help
1687:2003
1658:ISBN
1550:ISBN
1521:ISBN
1463:here
1455:ISBN
1423:and
1397:The
1304:Baku
1276:Poti
1215:and
1209:Poti
1131:Baku
1125:and
1123:Kars
1117:and
1065:Baku
939:The
906:1921
802:1920
655:1919
639:Baku
553:1918
541:1917
461:Baku
54:Date
4644:see
4415:Huj
1046:).
1023:'s
958:of
378:Muş
327:Van
4664::
2815:It
1703::
1701:}}
1697:{{
1689:.
1677:^
1656:,
1632:^
1576:^
1564:^
1548:.
1544:.
1519:.
1491:^
1482:,
1375:.
1350:.
1306:,
1290:.
1282:,
1278:,
1255:.
1160:.
1083:.
1027:.
973:.
3887:e
3880:t
3873:v
3239:/
1744:e
1737:t
1730:v
1714:)
1710:(
1693:.
1558:.
1529:.
519:e
512:t
505:v
287:e
280:t
273:v
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