346:
Although the mountains tend to collect clouds and block sunlight (reducing some narrow valleys at certain times of year to no more than three or four hours of sunlight per day), the country is generally sunny, receiving as much as 2,900 hours of sunlight per year in some areas. The same conditions also affect temperatures, which can vary significantly from place to place. In
January the warmest average temperature (−4 °C or 25 °F) occurs around the southern city of Osh, and around Ysyk-Köl. The latter, which has a volume of 1,738 cubic kilometers (417 cu mi), does not freeze in winter. Indeed, its name means "hot lake" in Kyrgyz. The coldest temperatures are in mountain valleys. There, readings can fall to −30 °C (−22 °F) or lower; the record is −53.6 °C (−64.5 °F). The average temperature for July similarly varies from 27 °C (80.6 °F) in the Fergana Valley, where the record high is 44 °C (111 °F), to a low of −10 °C (14 °F) on the highest mountain peaks. Precipitation varies from 2,000 millimeters (78.7 in) per year in the mountains above the Fergana Valley to less than 100 millimeters (3.9 in) per year on the west bank of Ysyk-Köl.
1957:. In 1994 agriculture accounted for about 88% of total water consumption, compared with 8% by industry and 4% by municipal water distribution systems. According to World Bank experts, Kyrgyzstan has an adequate supply of high-quality water for future use, provided the resource is prudently managed. However, in Central Asia water problems are on the rise. The Kyrgyz Republic exports water to irrigate the neighbouring states Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan. To prevent conflicts, water allocation and use, and in particular the role of agriculture as major water user, have become very important questions in the development discourse in recent years, and will continue to be in the future.
1961:
quality of drinking water from this aging system is poorly monitored—the water management staff has been cut drastically because of inadequate funds. Further, there is no money to buy new water disinfection equipment when it is needed. Some aquifers near industrial and mining centers have been contaminated by heavy metals, oils, and sanitary wastes. In addition, many localities rely on surface sources, making users vulnerable to agricultural runoff and livestock waste, which seep gradually downward from the surface. The areas of lowest water quality are the heavily populated regions of the Chui Valley and
22:
2516:
2085:, the five states sharing the Aral Sea Basin (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) are developing a strategy to end the crisis. The World Bank and agencies of the United Nations (UN) have developed an Aral Sea Program, the first stage of which is funded by the five countries and external donors. That stage has seven areas of focus, one of which—land and water management in the upper watersheds—is of primary concern to Kyrgyzstan. Among the conditions detrimental to the Aral Sea's environment are erosion from
338:
1847:
230:
1921:
2378:
222:
2129:
beginning in 1991. In 1994 the state committee had a central office in
Bishkek, one branch in each of the seven regions, and a total staff of about 150 persons. Because of poorly defined lines of responsibility, administrative conflicts often occur between local and national authorities of Goskompriroda and between Goskompriroda and a second national agency, the Hydrometeorological Administration (Gidromet), which is the main monitoring agency for air, water, and
246:
4044:
3637:
1884:
2100, noting that the country's glaciers were significantly reduced and projected to decline further. A significant warming trend in
Kyrgyztsan with a projected increase of 6°C under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenario SSP5-8.5 from 2076 to 2096. However the very slight increase in temperature is expected to positively affect climate-sensitive sectors such as agriculture, energy, and forestry as more land is within the optimum temperature band.
2197:
1998:
254:
4054:
3647:
298:, but the saline lake has been shrinking steadily, and its mineral content has been rising gradually. Kyrgyzstan has a total of about 2,000 lakes with a total surface area of 7,000 square kilometres (2,700 sq mi), mostly located at altitudes of 3,000 to 4,000 meters. Only the largest three, however, occupy more than 500 square kilometres (190 sq mi) each. The second- and third-largest lakes,
57:
113:
29:
43:
99:
71:
3232:
2700:
85:
2102:
1879:, such as changes in weather patterns that could lead to prolonged periods of precipitation and drought. Moreover, the frequent occurrence of extreme weather and climate events such as heatwaves, droughts, heavy rainfalls, and biotic/abiotic catastrophes during recent years are evidence of climate change. Kyrgyzstan is threatened with
2124:
Because of severe budget constraints, most of the funds for NEAP operations come from international sources, including official institutions such as the World Bank and the Asian
Development Bank and numerous international nongovernmental organizations. Implementation is guided by a committee of state
2025:
Reservoir on the Naryn River, for example, involved the flooding of 130 km of fertile land. Such projects have the additional effect of constricting downstream water supply; Toktogul deprives the lower reaches of the Syr Darya in
Uzbekistan and the Aral Sea Basin of substantial amounts of water.
2012:
The most important problems in land use are soil erosion and salinization in improperly irrigated farmland. An estimated 60% of
Kyrgyzstan's land is affected by topsoil loss, and 6% by salinization, both problems with more serious long-term than short-term effects. In 1994 the size of livestock herds
2128:
The main environmental protection agency of the
Kyrgyzstan government is the State Committee on Environmental Protection, still known by its Soviet-era acronym, Goskompriroda. Established by the old regime in 1988, the agency's post-Soviet responsibilities have been described in a series of decrees
1960:
Irrigation is extremely wasteful of water because the distribution infrastructure is old and poorly maintained. In 1993 only an estimated 5% of required maintenance expenditures was allocated. As of 1997, an estimated 70% of the nation's water supply network is in need of repair or replacement. The
345:
The country's climate is influenced chiefly by the mountains, Kyrgyzstan's position near the middle of the
Eurasian landmass, and the absence of any body of water large enough to influence weather patterns. Those factors create a distinctly continental climate that has significant local variations.
2112:
The NEAP, adopted in 1994, is the basic blueprint for environmental protection. The plan focuses on solving a small number of critical problems, collecting reliable information to aid in that process, and integrating environmental measures with economic and social development strategy. The initial
1899:
Kyrgyzstan has been spared many of the enormous environmental problems faced by its
Central Asian neighbors, primarily because its designated roles in the Soviet system involved neither heavy industry nor large-scale cotton production. Also, the economic downturn of the early 1990s reduced some of
1883:
and a lack of freshwater balance, which are accelerated by global warming. The average temperature has increased from 4.8 °C to 6 °C so far within the last 20 years. In 2013 the World Bank estimated a likely increase of 2 °C in average mean temperature by 2060 and of 4–5 °C by
2017:
problem and consequent soil erosion that began when the herds were at their peak in the late 1980s. Uncertain land tenure and overall financial insecurity have caused many private farmers to concentrate their capital in the traditional form—livestock—thus subjecting new land to the overgrazing
1928:
Although
Kyrgyzstan has abundant water running through it, its water supply is determined by a post-Soviet sharing agreement among the five Central Asian republics. As in the Soviet era, Kyrgyzstan has the right to 25% of the water that originates in its territory, but the new agreement allows
1912:
The Kyrgyz Republic is the only Central Asian state where water resources are fully generated within its own territory. The water originates from the often glacier covered mountain ranges and its abundance is a vital component for agriculture and the production of hydro‐electric power. The
281:
Because the high peaks function as moisture catchers, Kyrgyzstan is relatively well watered by the streams that descend from them. None of the rivers of Kyrgyzstan are navigable, however. The majority are small, rapid, runoff streams. Most of Kyrgyzstan's rivers are tributaries of the
2093:, contamination from poorly managed irrigation systems, and uncontrolled waste from mining and municipal effluents. Kyrgyzstan's National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) has addressed these problems as part of its first-phase priorities in cooperation with the Aral Sea Program.
146:. Less than a ninth the size of Kazakhstan, at 199,951 square kilometers, Kyrgyzstan is one of the smaller Central Asian states. The national territory extends about 900 km (560 mi) from east to west and 410 km (250 mi) from north to south.
1972:
In towns, wastewater collection provides about 70% of the water supply. Although towns have biological treatment equipment, as much as 50% of such equipment is rated as ineffective. The major sources of toxic waste in the water supply are the
196:
portion of the Tian Shan system dominates the southwestern crescent of the country, and, to the east, the main Tian Shan range runs along the boundary between southern Kyrgyzstan and China before extending farther east into China's
261:
The mountains of Kyrgyzstan are geologically young, so that the physical terrain is marked by sharply uplifted peaks separated by deep valleys. There is also considerable glaciation, with the largest glacier being the
266:. Kyrgyzstan's 6,500 distinct glaciers are estimated to hold about 650 cubic kilometres (160 cu mi) of water and cover 8,048 square kilometers (5,000 square miles) or 4.2% of Kyrgyzstan. Only around the
1913:
mountainous Kyrgyz Republic is an essential "water tower" for irrigated arable farming on arid plain territories. In addition, the impressive glacierized mountain landscape implies a considerable potential for
3210:
2893:
3118:"Glaciers and permafrost as water resource in Kyrgyzstan - distribution, recent dynamics and hazards, and the relevance for sustainable development of Central Asian semiarid regions"
3156:
2492:
with an enormous variety of different genetic characteristics. It is believed that most of the world's walnut varieties derive from the original species still found here.
1900:
the more serious effects of industrial and agricultural policy. Nevertheless, Kyrgyzstan has serious problems because of inefficient use and pollution of water resources,
1953:, the skewed system that is currently in place could cause irreversible regional destabilization, and needs to be dealt with by international actors to avoid a crisis in
3128:
2133:. In general, the vertical hierarchy structure, a relic of Soviet times, has led to poor coordination and duplication of effort among environmental protection agencies.
325:
and avalanches, which occasionally have swallowed entire villages. In August 1992, a severe earthquake left several thousand people homeless in the southwestern city of
1933:
uses the entire amount to which the agreement entitles it, but utilization is skewed heavily in favor of agricultural irrigation. During the Soviet era, Kyrgyzstan and
2026:
Because the Naryn Basin, where many hydroelectric projects are located, is very active seismically, flooding is also a danger should a dam be broken by an earthquake.
3058:
2969:"Reconstruction of Hydrometeorological Data Using Dendrochronology and Machine Learning Approaches to Bias-Correct Climate Models in Northern Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan"
3206:
3084:
181:, legally part of the territory of Kyrgyzstan but geographically removed by several kilometers, have been established, two in Uzbekistan and one in Tajikistan.
2125:
ministers and by a NEAP Expert Working Group, both established in 1994 by executive order. A NEAP office in Bishkek was set up with funds from Switzerland.
3033:
2889:
3602:
2842:
1929:
Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan unlimited use of the water that flows into them from Kyrgyzstan, with no compensation for the nation at the source.
4009:
2942:
3002:"Assessing Climate Change Impact on Cropland Suitability in Kyrgyzstan: Where Are Potential High-Quality Cropland and the Way to the Future"
2539:
2021:
The inherent land shortage in Kyrgyzstan is exacerbated by the flooding of agricultural areas for hydroelectric projects. The creation of
3276:
2036:; many people get their water directly from contaminated streams and wells; as a result, water-borne diseases are prevalent; increasing
3153:
21:
3612:
3958:
3551:
3186:
2141:
A number of protected nature areas have been designated by the government of the republic. As of the end of 2004, they included:
4019:
2113:
planning period is to end in 1997. The main targets of that phase are inefficient water resource management, land degradation,
3117:
3526:
1904:, and improper agricultural practices. The country is prone to earthquakes, and major flooding occurs during the snow melt.
3683:
2816:
2156:
126:
2867:
3933:
3571:
2919:
1985:
mine, which ceased extraction in 1967 but which continues to leach toxic materials into nearby Ysyk Köl; the Kara-Balta
2838:
1894:
237:
true-color image shows portions of Kazakhstan (top) and Kyrgyzstan at the bottom. The lake at the top of the image is
3978:
2728:
1949:
during summer, and these three nations shared oil and gas with Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in winter. According to the
290:, which arises in northern Kyrgyzstan, then flows northwest and disappears into the deserts of southern Kazakhstan.
286:, which has its headwaters in the western Tian Shan along the Chinese border. Another large runoff system forms the
4078:
3269:
2967:
Isaev, Erkin; Ermanova, Mariiash; Sidle, Roy C.; Zaginaev, Vitalii; Kulikov, Maksim; Chontoev, Dogdurbek (2022).
2742:
201:. Kyrgyzstan's average elevation is 2,750 m (9,020 ft), ranging from 7,439 m (24,406 ft) at
3361:
1880:
1850:
3000:
Park, Sugyeong; Lim, Chul-Hee; Kim, Sea Jin; Isaev, Erkin; Choi, Sol-E.; Lee, Sung-Dae; Lee, Woo-Kyun (2021).
1989:
Recovery Plant; the Min Kush deposit of mine tailings; and the Kyrgyz Mining and Metallurgy Plant at Orlovka.
3607:
2320:
143:
3085:"High-resolution dynamic downscaling of historical and future climate projections over Central Asia – CAJWR"
3768:
3566:
3471:
3236:
1860:
1839:
4014:
3167:
3973:
3878:
3576:
3262:
2181:
1950:
3521:
3486:
3441:
2716:
2249:
1876:
3983:
3700:
3676:
3411:
3406:
3301:
3293:
2081:
In response to the internationally recognized environmental crisis of the rapid desiccation of the
3928:
3893:
3848:
3531:
3506:
3401:
3351:
3321:
3311:
3092:
3818:
3813:
3708:
3617:
3496:
3491:
3371:
2536:
2165:
Ten forest, twenty-three floral, eighteen geological, and two general-purpose protected areas (
3938:
3913:
3828:
3808:
3758:
3728:
3718:
3561:
3511:
3466:
3446:
3436:
3336:
3184:Особо охраняемые природные территории Кыргызской Республики (по состоянию на конец 2004 года)
2941:
President; Parliament; Government; Politics; Economy; Society; Analytics; Regions; Culture.
2032:
Nuclear waste left behind by the Soviet Union in many open-air pits in hazardous locations.
4024:
3903:
3898:
3778:
3536:
3451:
3431:
3316:
3306:
2363:
202:
8:
3998:
3968:
3918:
3873:
3853:
3843:
3743:
3669:
3591:
3581:
3516:
3481:
3416:
3396:
3386:
3346:
3331:
3326:
2720:
213:. Almost 90% of the country lies more than 1,500 m (4,900 ft) above sea level.
3943:
3858:
3838:
3723:
3713:
3622:
3541:
3501:
3476:
3456:
3391:
3366:
3356:
3341:
3183:
3034:"Kyrgyzstan is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change in Central Asia"
4053:
3988:
3923:
3888:
3823:
3803:
3793:
3753:
3738:
3733:
3646:
3461:
3426:
3381:
3376:
3285:
2777:
2734:
2724:
2489:
2430:
2184:
2118:
1974:
1966:
1773:
1033:
985:
263:
4029:
3948:
3908:
3883:
3863:
3798:
3773:
3763:
3748:
3088:
3013:
2980:
2114:
2101:
2070:
2045:
2040:
from faulty irrigation practices. Illegal hunting of very rare species such as the
2006:
1901:
2943:"Kyrgyzstan ranks third most vulnerable to climate change impacts in Central Asia"
3868:
3833:
3788:
3783:
3692:
3190:
3171:
3160:
2543:
2515:
2066:
2033:
189:
2812:
2712:
Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan: country studies
337:
229:
2863:
2282:
2146:
2013:
averaged twice the carrying capacity of pasturage land, continuing the serious
1920:
1864:
275:
206:
193:
166:
267:
4072:
4047:
3640:
3018:
3001:
2781:
2704:
2159:
2086:
2058:
2037:
1854:
1699:
1355:
753:
318:
307:
192:
mountain systems, which together occupy about 65% of national territory. The
174:
2915:
2738:
1846:
303:
278:
valleys is there relatively flat land suitable for large-scale agriculture.
2377:
2277:
2170:
2130:
2062:
2041:
1954:
1946:
1868:
271:
238:
139:
3241:
221:
4057:
3650:
2521:
2422:
2090:
2014:
314:
287:
2765:
299:
245:
2406:
2356:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2196:
2150:
2105:
1997:
1962:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1872:
326:
253:
162:
158:
154:
135:
2985:
2968:
2710:
2485:
2426:
2418:
2396:
2382:
2204:
2177:
291:
283:
185:
170:
3254:
2546:
United States Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 12 January 2010
2243:
2166:
2082:
2022:
1978:
322:
295:
198:
3661:
2242:
Australia comparative: slightly less than three times the size of
2108:, the famous wild cat of Kyrgyzstan, celebrated on a postage stamp
3193:(Protected areas of the Kyrgyz Republic (as of the end of 2004))
2940:
2703:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2434:
2271:
1986:
1982:
1914:
178:
173:
division of Central Asia into five republics is that many ethnic
3051:
3026:
2121:, and pollution from inefficient mining and refining practices.
2481:
2386:
2200:
2002:
294:
is the second largest body of water in Central Asia, after the
3164:
2302:
234:
150:
353:
Climate data for Bishkek (1991–2020, extremes 1936–present)
2442:
2438:
2414:
2410:
1969:
Regions, and areas along the rivers flowing into Ysyk-Köl.
2966:
2399:
and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation
2187:(since 1978), together occupying the area of 282 km².
321:
of steep mountain slopes have increased the occurrence of
3247:
1924:
Alamedin River does not carry a lot of water in September
306:(the latter of which also is saline), are located in the
210:
2248:
Canada comparative: slightly less than half the size of
3116:
Duishonakunov, Murataly Turganalievich (25 June 2014).
3059:
Kyrgyz Republic: Overview of Climate Change Activities
2709:
Olcott, Martha Brill (1997). Curtis, Glenn E. (ed.).
2276:
United States comparative: approximately the size of
2511:
165:. The borders with Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the
149:
Kyrgyzstan is bordered on the east and southeast by
2856:
2480:Kyrgyzstan has the world's largest natural growth
3064:(Report). World Bank. October 2013. pp. 1–17
1863:is evident in Kyrgyzstan. Among the countries in
313:Natural disasters have been frequent and varied.
4070:
1825:Source 2: Climate-Data.org (temp & precip)
2999:
2843:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
341:Kyrgyzstan map of Köppen climate classification
3174:. 11 September 2014. Retrieved 7 October 2014.
2096:
184:The terrain of Kyrgyzstan is dominated by the
3677:
3270:
3115:
169:are rather difficult. One consequence of the
2839:"Frunze (Bishkek) Climate Normals 1961–1990"
2813:"Weather and Climate-The Climate of Bishkek"
2805:
2793:
2791:
2764:Kamp, Marianne (2017). Megoran, Nick (ed.).
2136:
2413:and rare earth metals; locally exploitable
2254:United Kingdom comparative: approximately 1
1937:shared their abundant water resources with
3684:
3670:
3277:
3263:
2831:
216:
3017:
2984:
2788:
2372:
2153:), with the total area of 2,880 km²;
3111:
3109:
2376:
2195:
2173:, with the total area of 3,250 km²;
2100:
1996:
1919:
1845:
336:
252:
244:
228:
220:
3207:"Biosphere Reserves in Kyrgyztan (sic)"
3093:10.29258/cajwr/2024-r1.v10-1/91-114.eng
2052:Environment - international agreements:
1888:
826:Average extreme snow depth cm (inches)
4071:
2708:
2191:
3665:
3284:
3258:
3106:
2896:from the original on 24 February 2020
2694:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2572:
205:to 394 m (1,293 ft) in the
3213:from the original on 25 October 2013
2819:from the original on 8 February 2015
2766:"Broken Ties in the Ferghana Valley"
2763:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
1875:is the third most vulnerable to the
3691:
2922:from the original on 16 August 2018
2815:(in Russian). Weather and Climate.
2073:, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
13:
2715:(1st ed.). Washington, D.C.:
1992:
1907:
1895:Environmental issues in Kyrgyzstan
1820:Source 1: Weatherbase (humidity)
56:
14:
4090:
3134:from the original on 28 June 2021
3082:
2870:from the original on 30 June 2018
2549:
2381:Wetlands along the shore of Lake
1981:mine at Kadamzai; the Kadzyi Sai
1977:mining combine at Haidarkan; the
1832:
177:do not live in Kyrgyzstan. Three
4052:
4043:
4042:
3645:
3636:
3635:
3235: This article incorporates
3230:
2745:from the original on 20 May 2021
2698:
2537:"The World Factbook: Kyrgyzstan"
2514:
2502:Total renewable water resources:
2285:comparative: slightly less than
1838:This section is an excerpt from
1084:Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)
199:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
111:
97:
83:
69:
55:
41:
27:
20:
3199:
3177:
3154:Water Pressures in Central Asia
3146:
3076:
2993:
2960:
2934:
2180:(so designated since 1998) and
112:
28:
4010:British Indian Ocean Territory
3603:British Indian Ocean Territory
3125:University of Giessen, Germany
2947:Информационное Агентство Кабар
2908:
2882:
2757:
2530:
42:
1:
3152:International Crisis Group. "
2507:
2030:Environment - current issues:
2001:Low-cost water management in
98:
70:
2801:. Bishkek: Rarity Firm, LTD.
1840:Climate change in Kyrgyzstan
7:
2097:Environmental policy making
2076:
1628:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1488:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1284:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1144:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
612:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
472:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
84:
10:
4095:
2409:; significant deposits of
2321:People's Republic of China
2220:country rank in the world:
1951:International Crisis Group
1892:
1837:
1824:
1819:
1438:
1427:
1094:
1083:
1078:
352:
332:
225:Detailed map of Kyrgyzstan
144:People's Republic of China
138:is a landlocked nation in
4038:
3997:
3957:
3699:
3631:
3590:
3550:
3292:
2717:Federal Research Division
2250:Newfoundland and Labrador
2137:Specially protected areas
1877:effects of climate change
1851:Reduction of glacier area
1771:
1697:
1627:
1557:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1439:Climate data for Karakol
1428:Source: Climate-data.org
1353:
1283:
1213:
1143:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1031:
983:
939:
895:
825:
751:
681:
611:
541:
471:
401:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
357:
3759:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3352:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3019:10.3390/agronomy11081490
2890:"The Climate of Karakol"
2216:total: 198,951 km²
1079:Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net
4079:Geography of Kyrgyzstan
4020:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3613:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
2498:10,210 km² (2005)
2169:), as well as fourteen
217:Topography and drainage
3237:public domain material
2389:
2373:Resources and land use
2345:0 km (landlocked)
2319:border countries: the
2227:land: 191,801 km²
2207:
2109:
2009:
1925:
1858:
342:
258:
250:
242:
226:
3189:26 March 2010 at the
2799:Kyrgyzstan Travel Map
2504:23.62 km (2011)
2380:
2230:water: 8,150 km²
2199:
2104:
2000:
1923:
1849:
1095:Climate data for Osh
340:
256:
248:
232:
224:
3934:United Arab Emirates
3527:United Arab Emirates
2918:. Climate-Data.org.
2723:. pp. 119–125.
2542:22 June 2021 at the
2425:; other deposits of
2364:Peak Jengish Chokusu
2316:total: 5,473 km
2119:loss of biodiversity
2117:of forest reserves,
1889:Environmental issues
402:Record high °C (°F)
203:Peak Jengish Chokusu
161:and on the south by
127:class=notpageimage|
3961:limited recognition
3554:limited recognition
3170:3 June 2020 at the
3159:20 May 2016 at the
2721:Library of Congress
2192:Area and boundaries
1558:Daily mean °C (°F)
1214:Daily mean °C (°F)
940:Average snowy days
896:Average rainy days
682:Record low °C (°F)
542:Daily mean °C (°F)
3243:The World Factbook
2916:"Climate: Karakol"
2463:permanent pasture:
2403:Natural resources:
2390:
2350:Elevation extremes
2270:times the size of
2237:Area — comparative
2208:
2110:
2010:
1926:
1859:
343:
259:
251:
243:
227:
153:, on the north by
4066:
4065:
4003:other territories
3659:
3658:
3596:other territories
3286:Geography of Asia
2986:10.3390/w14152297
2490:Jalal-Abad Region
2185:biosphere reserve
2162:(2,760 km²);
2157:Nine state nature
1857:range (1965-2010)
1829:
1828:
1774:relative humidity
1432:
1431:
1088:
1087:
986:relative humidity
308:Naryn River Basin
264:Engilchek Glacier
157:, on the west by
130:Map of Kyrgyzstan
4086:
4056:
4046:
4045:
4015:Christmas Island
3701:Sovereign states
3693:Climate of Asia
3686:
3679:
3672:
3663:
3662:
3649:
3639:
3638:
3608:Christmas Island
3294:Sovereign states
3279:
3272:
3265:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3234:
3233:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3181:
3175:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3133:
3122:
3113:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3063:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2901:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2795:
2786:
2785:
2776:(792): 285–287.
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2547:
2534:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2458:permanent crops:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2115:overexploitation
2071:Hazardous Wastes
2046:Marco Polo sheep
2007:Issyk Kul Region
1902:land degradation
1436:
1435:
1092:
1091:
350:
349:
115:
114:
101:
100:
87:
86:
73:
72:
59:
58:
45:
44:
31:
30:
24:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4034:
4002:
3993:
3974:Northern Cyprus
3960:
3953:
3695:
3690:
3660:
3655:
3627:
3595:
3586:
3567:Northern Cyprus
3553:
3546:
3288:
3283:
3240:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3216:
3214:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3194:
3191:Wayback Machine
3182:
3178:
3172:Wayback Machine
3165:CrisisGroup.org
3161:Wayback Machine
3151:
3147:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3120:
3114:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3081:
3077:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3042:
3040:
3032:
3031:
3027:
2998:
2994:
2965:
2961:
2951:
2949:
2939:
2935:
2925:
2923:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2899:
2897:
2892:. Weatherbase.
2888:
2887:
2883:
2873:
2871:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2847:
2845:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2822:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2797:
2796:
2789:
2770:Current History
2762:
2758:
2748:
2746:
2731:
2699:
2697:
2550:
2544:Wayback Machine
2535:
2531:
2520:
2513:
2510:
2496:Irrigated land:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2375:
2362:highest point:
2327:1,212 km,
2323:1,063 km,
2311:Land boundaries
2295:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2194:
2147:nature reserves
2139:
2099:
2079:
2067:Desertification
2054:
2034:Water pollution
1995:
1993:Land management
1910:
1908:Water resources
1897:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1881:glacier melting
1843:
1835:
1830:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1433:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1089:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
335:
219:
133:
132:
131:
129:
123:
122:
121:
120:
116:
108:
107:
106:
102:
94:
93:
92:
88:
80:
79:
78:
74:
66:
65:
64:
60:
52:
51:
50:
46:
38:
37:
36:
32:
12:
11:
5:
4092:
4082:
4081:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4050:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4006:
4004:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3965:
3963:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3697:
3696:
3689:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3666:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3643:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3599:
3597:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3298:
3296:
3290:
3289:
3282:
3281:
3274:
3267:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3225:
3224:
3198:
3176:
3145:
3105:
3075:
3050:
3038:www.unicef.org
3025:
2992:
2959:
2933:
2907:
2881:
2864:"Climate: Osh"
2855:
2830:
2804:
2787:
2756:
2729:
2548:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2509:
2506:
2475:93.24% (2011)
2374:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2360:
2355:lowest point:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2280:
2274:
2252:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2212:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2174:
2163:
2160:national parks
2154:
2138:
2135:
2098:
2095:
2078:
2075:
1994:
1991:
1909:
1906:
1893:Main article:
1890:
1887:
1865:Eastern Europe
1861:Climate change
1844:
1836:
1834:
1833:Climate change
1831:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1034:sunshine hours
1029:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
981:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
937:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
893:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
823:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
749:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
679:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
609:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
539:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
469:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
399:
398:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
355:
354:
348:
334:
331:
218:
215:
207:Fergana Valley
167:Fergana Valley
142:, west of the
125:
124:
118:
117:
110:
109:
104:
103:
96:
95:
90:
89:
82:
81:
76:
75:
68:
67:
62:
61:
54:
53:
48:
47:
40:
39:
34:
33:
26:
25:
19:
18:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4091:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4049:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4000:
3996:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3984:South Ossetia
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3956:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
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3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3687:
3682:
3680:
3675:
3673:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3642:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3593:
3589:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3577:South Ossetia
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
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3398:
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3378:
3375:
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3360:
3358:
3355:
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3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
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2740:
2736:
2732:
2730:0-8444-0938-3
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2706:
2705:public domain
2695:
2693:
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2675:
2673:
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2533:
2529:
2523:
2517:
2512:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2491:
2488:, located in
2487:
2483:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2384:
2379:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2335:1,314 km
2334:
2331:984 km,
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2273:
2253:
2251:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2229:
2226:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2171:game reserves
2168:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2134:
2132:
2126:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2107:
2103:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2087:deforestation
2084:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2059:Air Pollution
2057:
2053:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2038:soil salinity
2035:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1922:
1918:
1916:
1905:
1903:
1896:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1841:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1701:
1700:precipitation
1696:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1486:
1442:
1437:
1426:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1356:precipitation
1352:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1098:
1093:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:Mean monthly
1030:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
982:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
938:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
894:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
824:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
755:
754:precipitation
750:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
680:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
610:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
540:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
470:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
400:
356:
351:
347:
339:
330:
328:
324:
320:
319:deforestation
316:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
255:
247:
240:
236:
231:
223:
214:
212:
208:
204:
200:
195:
191:
187:
182:
180:
176:
175:Kyrgyz people
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
145:
141:
137:
128:
23:
16:
3999:Dependencies
3929:Turkmenistan
3894:Saudi Arabia
3592:Dependencies
3522:Turkmenistan
3487:Saudi Arabia
3421:
3242:
3215:. Retrieved
3201:
3195:(in Russian)
3179:
3148:
3136:. Retrieved
3124:
3096:. Retrieved
3078:
3066:. Retrieved
3053:
3041:. Retrieved
3037:
3028:
3009:
3005:
2995:
2979:(15): 2297.
2976:
2972:
2962:
2950:. Retrieved
2946:
2936:
2924:. Retrieved
2910:
2898:. Retrieved
2884:
2872:. Retrieved
2858:
2846:. Retrieved
2833:
2821:. Retrieved
2807:
2798:
2773:
2769:
2759:
2749:10 September
2747:. Retrieved
2711:
2532:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2494:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2453:arable land:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2402:
2401:
2392:
2391:
2301:the size of
2278:South Dakota
2219:
2203:Bay on Lake
2145:Eight state
2140:
2131:soil quality
2127:
2123:
2111:
2080:
2063:Biodiversity
2055:
2051:
2050:
2042:snow leopard
2029:
2028:
2020:
2011:
1971:
1959:
1955:Central Asia
1947:Turkmenistan
1927:
1911:
1898:
1869:Central Asia
1702:mm (inches)
1358:mm (inches)
756:mm (inches)
344:
312:
280:
260:
239:Lake Balkash
183:
148:
140:Central Asia
134:
15:
4058:Asia portal
3959:States with
3879:Philippines
3819:South Korea
3814:North Korea
3709:Afghanistan
3651:Asia portal
3552:States with
3472:Philippines
3412:South Korea
3407:North Korea
3302:Afghanistan
3068:29 November
3043:14 December
3012:(8): 1490.
2952:14 December
2522:Asia portal
2423:natural gas
2182:Sary-Chelek
2151:zapovedniks
2091:overgrazing
2015:overgrazing
315:Overgrazing
3939:Uzbekistan
3914:Tajikistan
3829:Kyrgyzstan
3809:Kazakhstan
3729:Bangladesh
3719:Azerbaijan
3532:Uzbekistan
3507:Tajikistan
3422:Kyrgyzstan
3402:Kazakhstan
3322:Bangladesh
3312:Azerbaijan
3217:21 January
3138:7 February
2848:8 February
2508:References
2407:hydropower
2357:Kara-Darya
2333:Uzbekistan
2329:Tajikistan
2325:Kazakhstan
2106:Pallas cat
1967:Jalal-Abad
1943:Kazakhstan
1939:Uzbekistan
1935:Tajikistan
1931:Kyrgyzstan
1873:Kyrgyzstan
327:Jalal-Abad
304:Chatyr-Köl
288:Chu (Chüy)
249:Topography
194:Alay range
163:Tajikistan
159:Uzbekistan
155:Kazakhstan
136:Kyrgyzstan
63:Jalal-Abad
4025:Hong Kong
3979:Palestine
3904:Sri Lanka
3899:Singapore
3779:Indonesia
3618:Hong Kong
3572:Palestine
3497:Sri Lanka
3492:Singapore
3372:Indonesia
2823:3 January
2782:0011-3530
2486:Arslanbob
2449:Land use:
2427:nepheline
2419:petroleum
2405:abundant
2397:Tian Shan
2395:peaks of
2383:Issyk Kul
2342:Coastline
2205:Issyk Kul
2178:Issyk Kul
2167:zakazniks
2056:party to:
2018:problem.
1855:Borkoldoy
323:mudslides
284:Syr Darya
257:Blank map
186:Tian Shan
171:Stalinist
4073:Category
4048:Category
3969:Abkhazia
3919:Thailand
3874:Pakistan
3854:Mongolia
3849:Maldives
3844:Malaysia
3744:Cambodia
3641:Category
3562:Abkhazia
3512:Thailand
3467:Pakistan
3447:Mongolia
3442:Maldives
3437:Malaysia
3337:Cambodia
3211:Archived
3187:Archived
3168:Archived
3157:Archived
3129:Archived
3006:Agronomy
2920:Archived
2894:Archived
2874:20 March
2868:Archived
2817:Archived
2743:Archived
2739:36364151
2540:Archived
2484:forest,
2393:Terrain:
2244:Tasmania
2083:Aral Sea
2077:Aral Sea
2044:and the
2023:Toktogul
1979:antimony
1772:Average
1698:Average
1354:Average
984:Average
752:Average
742:(−20.4)
737:(−26.0)
687:(−25.4)
467:(107.8)
442:(103.5)
437:(107.8)
432:(105.6)
300:Song-Köl
296:Aral Sea
292:Ysyk-Köl
179:enclaves
3944:Vietnam
3859:Myanmar
3839:Lebanon
3769:Georgia
3724:Bahrain
3714:Armenia
3537:Vietnam
3452:Myanmar
3432:Lebanon
3362:Georgia
3317:Bahrain
3307:Armenia
3098:3 April
3083:cajwr.
2900:31 July
2707::
2468:forest:
2435:bismuth
2431:mercury
2366:7,439 m
2299:
2287:
2272:England
2268:
2256:
1987:Uranium
1983:uranium
1975:mercury
1915:tourism
1853:in the
1767:(16.3)
1693:(31.1)
1683:(19.2)
1678:(32.2)
1673:(44.1)
1668:(52.5)
1663:(54.5)
1658:(50.7)
1653:(44.2)
1648:(35.1)
1643:(21.6)
1623:(41.8)
1618:(18.3)
1613:(28.6)
1608:(43.5)
1603:(56.1)
1598:(64.8)
1593:(66.2)
1588:(62.1)
1583:(55.0)
1578:(46.0)
1573:(31.1)
1568:(16.7)
1563:(13.3)
1553:(52.7)
1548:(27.9)
1543:(38.1)
1538:(54.9)
1533:(68.4)
1528:(77.0)
1523:(77.9)
1518:(73.6)
1513:(66.0)
1508:(57.2)
1503:(40.6)
1498:(26.8)
1493:(23.5)
1349:(41.8)
1344:(22.8)
1339:(30.6)
1334:(40.8)
1329:(50.9)
1324:(59.9)
1319:(63.3)
1314:(60.1)
1309:(54.1)
1304:(46.2)
1299:(34.0)
1294:(21.6)
1289:(17.1)
1279:(53.0)
1274:(30.2)
1269:(40.6)
1264:(53.6)
1259:(65.3)
1254:(73.6)
1249:(76.8)
1244:(73.4)
1239:(66.0)
1234:(57.4)
1229:(43.5)
1224:(30.2)
1219:(25.2)
1209:(64.3)
1204:(37.8)
1199:(50.9)
1194:(66.4)
1189:(79.7)
1184:(87.4)
1179:(90.3)
1174:(86.9)
1169:(78.1)
1164:(68.5)
1159:(53.1)
1154:(38.8)
1149:(33.4)
821:(18.0)
732:(11.8)
727:(27.0)
722:(41.2)
717:(45.3)
712:(36.3)
707:(22.1)
697:(−7.2)
677:(42.4)
672:(22.6)
667:(31.1)
662:(42.1)
657:(53.1)
652:(62.4)
647:(65.1)
642:(61.0)
637:(52.2)
632:(44.4)
627:(33.8)
622:(23.2)
617:(19.2)
607:(52.9)
602:(30.0)
597:(39.6)
592:(52.9)
587:(65.7)
582:(75.6)
577:(77.9)
572:(73.2)
567:(64.0)
562:(55.0)
557:(43.2)
552:(31.1)
547:(27.1)
537:(64.2)
532:(40.3)
527:(50.5)
522:(65.3)
517:(78.1)
512:(88.5)
507:(90.3)
502:(85.1)
497:(75.4)
492:(65.7)
487:(53.8)
482:(41.2)
477:(37.2)
462:(74.7)
457:(85.6)
452:(93.6)
447:(98.8)
427:(98.1)
422:(94.5)
417:(86.9)
412:(77.7)
407:(68.0)
333:Climate
276:Fergana
119:Karakol
35:Bishkek
3989:Taiwan
3924:Turkey
3889:Russia
3824:Kuwait
3804:Jordan
3794:Israel
3754:Cyprus
3739:Brunei
3734:Bhutan
3582:Taiwan
3517:Turkey
3482:Russia
3417:Kuwait
3397:Jordan
3387:Israel
3347:Cyprus
3332:Brunei
3327:Bhutan
2926:19 May
2780:
2737:
2727:
2482:walnut
2473:other:
2465:48.3%
2441:, and
2421:, and
2387:Tamchy
2201:Tamchy
2003:Tamchy
1945:, and
1762:(0.6)
1757:(0.8)
1752:(1.2)
1747:(1.5)
1742:(2.2)
1737:(2.2)
1732:(2.1)
1727:(2.2)
1722:(1.5)
1717:(0.9)
1712:(0.6)
1707:(0.5)
1688:(8.8)
1638:(6.8)
1633:(3.0)
1444:Month
1418:(1.3)
1413:(1.3)
1408:(1.5)
1403:(0.3)
1398:(0.2)
1393:(0.5)
1388:(0.7)
1383:(1.9)
1378:(2.0)
1373:(2.2)
1368:(1.7)
1363:(1.4)
1100:Month
1074:2,546
891:(2.0)
886:(1.2)
881:(0.4)
841:(0.4)
836:(1.2)
831:(2.0)
816:(1.5)
811:(1.7)
806:(1.5)
801:(0.7)
796:(0.6)
791:(0.7)
786:(1.3)
781:(2.4)
776:(3.0)
771:(2.0)
766:(1.5)
761:(1.1)
747:(−29)
702:(9.9)
692:(−29)
358:Month
274:, and
49:Batken
4030:Macau
3949:Yemen
3909:Syria
3884:Qatar
3864:Nepal
3799:Japan
3774:India
3764:Egypt
3749:China
3623:Macau
3542:Yemen
3502:Syria
3477:Qatar
3457:Nepal
3392:Japan
3367:India
3357:Egypt
3342:China
3239:from
3132:(PDF)
3121:(PDF)
3062:(PDF)
2973:Water
2478:note:
2470:5.1%
2460:0.4%
2455:6.7%
2385:near
2359:132 m
2303:Italy
2176:Lake
1815:53.4
1812:68.7
1809:58.7
1806:49.6
1803:42.5
1800:41.2
1797:43.0
1794:45.0
1791:47.2
1788:46.6
1785:59.4
1782:69.6
1779:69.4
1686:−12.9
1636:−14.0
1631:−16.1
1561:−10.4
1483:Year
1423:(15)
1139:Year
740:−29.1
735:−32.2
730:−11.2
700:−12.3
695:−21.8
685:−31.9
397:Year
272:Talas
235:MODIS
233:This
209:near
190:Pamir
151:China
105:Talas
77:Naryn
3869:Oman
3834:Laos
3789:Iraq
3784:Iran
3462:Oman
3427:Laos
3382:Iraq
3377:Iran
3219:2012
3140:2021
3100:2024
3070:2023
3045:2018
2954:2018
2928:2016
2902:2014
2876:2018
2850:2015
2825:2022
2778:ISSN
2751:2021
2735:OCLC
2725:ISBN
2443:zinc
2439:lead
2415:coal
2411:gold
2222:85th
2211:Area
2089:and
1965:and
1867:and
1776:(%)
1691:−0.5
1681:−7.1
1666:11.4
1661:12.5
1656:10.4
1641:−5.8
1616:−7.6
1611:−1.9
1601:13.4
1596:18.2
1591:19.0
1586:16.7
1581:12.8
1571:−0.5
1566:−8.5
1551:11.5
1546:−2.3
1536:12.7
1531:20.2
1526:25.0
1521:25.5
1516:23.1
1511:18.9
1506:14.0
1496:−2.9
1491:−4.7
1480:Dec
1477:Nov
1474:Oct
1471:Sep
1468:Aug
1465:Jul
1462:Jun
1459:May
1456:Apr
1453:Mar
1450:Feb
1447:Jan
1342:−5.1
1337:−0.8
1327:10.5
1322:15.5
1317:17.4
1312:15.6
1307:12.3
1292:−5.8
1287:−8.3
1277:11.7
1272:−1.0
1262:12.0
1257:18.5
1252:23.1
1247:24.9
1242:23.0
1237:18.9
1232:14.1
1222:−1.0
1217:−3.8
1207:17.9
1197:10.5
1192:19.1
1187:26.5
1182:30.8
1177:32.4
1172:30.5
1167:25.6
1162:20.3
1157:11.7
1136:Dec
1133:Nov
1130:Oct
1127:Sep
1124:Aug
1121:Jul
1118:Jun
1115:May
1112:Apr
1109:Mar
1106:Feb
1103:Jan
1071:114
1068:144
1065:196
1062:264
1059:317
1056:332
1053:306
1050:261
1047:194
1044:153
1041:128
1038:137
988:(%)
955:0.3
876:(0)
871:(0)
866:(0)
861:(0)
856:(0)
851:(0)
846:(0)
725:−2.8
705:−5.5
670:−5.2
665:−0.5
655:11.7
650:16.9
645:18.4
640:16.1
635:11.2
620:−4.9
615:−7.1
605:11.6
600:−1.1
590:11.6
585:18.7
580:24.2
575:25.5
570:22.9
565:17.8
560:12.8
550:−0.5
545:−2.7
535:17.9
525:10.3
520:18.5
515:25.6
510:31.4
505:32.4
500:29.5
495:24.1
490:18.7
485:12.1
465:42.1
460:23.7
455:29.8
450:34.2
445:37.1
440:39.7
435:42.1
430:40.9
425:36.7
420:34.7
415:30.5
410:25.4
405:20.0
394:Dec
391:Nov
388:Oct
385:Sep
382:Aug
379:Jul
376:Jun
373:May
370:Apr
367:Mar
364:Feb
361:Jan
317:and
302:and
268:Chüy
188:and
4001:and
3594:and
3248:CIA
3163:",
3089:doi
3014:doi
2981:doi
2774:116
1963:Osh
1765:413
1676:0.1
1671:6.7
1651:6.8
1646:1.7
1621:5.5
1606:6.4
1576:7.8
1541:3.4
1501:4.8
1421:379
1347:5.4
1332:4.9
1302:7.9
1297:1.1
1267:4.8
1227:6.4
1202:3.2
1152:3.8
1147:0.8
1027:62
1024:75
1021:70
1018:62
1015:48
1012:45
1009:46
1006:50
1003:60
1000:63
997:71
994:75
991:75
979:37
935:93
917:10
914:10
911:13
908:12
819:456
745:−34
720:5.1
715:7.4
710:2.4
690:−34
675:5.8
660:5.6
630:6.9
625:1.0
595:4.2
555:6.2
530:4.6
480:5.1
475:2.9
211:Osh
91:Osh
4075::
3246:.
3209:.
3127:.
3123:.
3108:^
3087:.
3036:.
3010:11
3008:.
3004:.
2977:14
2975:.
2971:.
2945:.
2866:.
2841:.
2790:^
2772:.
2768:.
2741:.
2733:.
2719:,
2551:^
2445:.
2437:,
2433:,
2429:,
2417:,
2283:EU
2069:,
2065:,
2061:,
2048:.
2005:,
1941:,
1917:.
1871:,
1760:14
1755:20
1750:31
1745:39
1740:55
1735:57
1730:54
1725:55
1720:39
1715:23
1710:14
1705:12
1416:32
1411:32
1406:38
1391:12
1386:18
1381:47
1376:52
1371:55
1366:44
1361:35
976:7
973:4
970:1
967:0
964:0
961:0
958:0
952:2
949:5
946:9
943:9
932:4
929:7
926:8
923:6
920:6
905:9
902:5
899:3
814:37
809:44
804:37
799:19
794:15
789:19
784:34
779:60
774:75
769:51
764:37
759:28
329:.
310:.
270:,
3685:e
3678:t
3671:v
3278:e
3271:t
3264:v
3250:.
3221:.
3142:.
3102:.
3091::
3072:.
3047:.
3022:.
3016::
2989:.
2983::
2956:.
2930:.
2904:.
2878:.
2852:.
2827:.
2784:.
2753:.
2296:3
2293:/
2290:2
2265:2
2262:/
2259:1
2149:(
1842:.
1401:8
1396:6
889:5
884:3
879:1
874:0
869:0
864:0
859:0
854:0
849:0
844:0
839:1
834:3
829:5
241:.
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