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266:. Some years later, however, Isfandyadh disappeared from mention, and Atropatene thus must have been incorporated into the Rashidun administration. Ganzak, no longer the capital of Atropatene, survived under the Muslims but was destroyed sometime during the late medieval era.
220:(r. 224–242) put an end to the Atropatenian kingdom. However, the name still survived, and instead of being merged with Media was a province of its own, where Ganzak continued to be the capital.
243:, who also had the sacred fire temple Adhur Gushnasp destroyed. The Byzantine sources reported that Ganzak was a large town with “about 3,000 houses”.
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The
Sasanian World through Georgian Eyes: Caucasia and the Iranian Commonwealth in Late Antique Georgian Literature
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Decline and Fall of the
Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran
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besieged Ganzak. Still, they were defeated by a combined force under the
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185:, and had probably made Ganzak his capital. The kingdom of Atropates became known as the “
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In ca. 148 BC, the kingdom of
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Ganzak was built by the
Achaemenids and was the seat of the satrap of
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chose the city as his capital. The exact location, according to
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420:
Schippmann, K. (1987). "AZERBAIJAN iii. Pre-Islamic
History".
239:. In 622, Ganzak was destroyed by the Roman/Byzantine emperor
189:”. During the rule of this kingdom, the sacred fire temple
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16:
Ancient town located south of Lake Urmia, capital of Media
355:. Museum Tusculanum Press. pp. 323–324, note 10.
277:
409:de Planhol, X. (1987). "AZERBAIJAN i. Geography".
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270:, a town close to Ganzak, became its successor.
227:occurred near Ganzak between the Sasanian king
95:), is an ancient town founded in northwestern
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423:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 2
412:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 2
401:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 1
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390:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. X, Fasc. 3
103:, and it has been postulated that the
398:Chaumont, M. L. (1987). "ATROPATES".
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99:. The city stood somewhere south of
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483:Former populated places in Iran
431:Pourshariati, Parvaneh (2008).
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23:Ganzak located on the map of
246:The governor of Atropatene,
143:means “treasury”, and is of
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456:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
349:Christensen, Peter (1993).
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231:(590–628) and the usurper
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256:Muslim conquest of Persia
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352:The Decline of Iranshahr
153:). It was adopted into
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208:and the Parthian king
181:, who had deserted to
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337:Encyclopaedia Iranica
254:. In 651, during the
212:. In ca. 224 AD, the
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426:. pp. 221–224.
415:. pp. 205–215.
393:. pp. 289–290.
225:Battle of Blarathon
183:Alexander the Great
264:Rashidun Caliphate
115:, Schippmann, and
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498:Achaemenid cities
444:978-1-84511-645-3
404:. pp. 17–18.
362:978-87-7289-259-7
193:was constructed.
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503:Atropatene
477:Categories
331:M. Boyce,
316:References
260:Isfandyadh
252:Shahrbaraz
229:Khosrow II
218:Ardashir I
187:Atropatene
101:Lake Urmia
76:: جانزاك
25:Atropatene
241:Heraclius
210:Orodes II
179:Atropates
139:The word
135:Etymology
109:Atropates
107:nobleman
274:See also
237:Khorasan
214:Sasanian
147:origin (
129:Miandoab
113:Minorsky
86:Armenian
80:, جازنا
381:Sources
169:History
157:by the
155:Persian
131:plain.
127:in the
105:Persian
93:Gandzak
70:Ganzaga
36:Persian
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368:23 Jul
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333:Ganzak
268:Leylan
202:Romans
150:ganǰəm
145:Median
141:ganzak
121:Leylan
90:Գանձակ
78:Janzaq
74:Arabic
66:Gazaca
54:Gazaka
51:Γάζακα
43:Ganzak
32:Ganzak
335:, in
216:king
175:Media
117:Boyce
82:Jazna
58:Latin
47:Greek
458:ISBN
439:ISBN
370:2008
357:ISBN
163:ganj
97:Iran
62:Gaza
40:گنزک
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