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in use. All GRASS modules read this state and additionally are given specific parameters (such as input and output maps, or values to use in a computation) when executed. Most GRASS modules and abilities can be operated via a graphical user interface (provided by a GRASS module), as an alternative to
493:
As of 2015, the latest stable release version (LTS) is GRASS GIS 7. It was released in 2015, replacing the old stable branch (6.4) which was released in 2011. Version 7 added many new features, including large data support, a fast topological 2D/3D vector engine, powerful vector network analysis, a
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hardware. During 1982 through 1995, USA-CERL led the development of GRASS, with the involvement of many others, including universities and other federal agencies. USA-CERL officially ceased its involvement in GRASS after release 4.1 (1995), though development had been limited to minor patches since
382:
GRASS has been under continuous development since 1982 and has involved a large number of federal US agencies, universities, and private companies. The core components of GRASS and the management of integration of efforts into its releases was originally directed by the U.S. Army - Construction
363:) projects. Recent versions of QGIS can be executed within the GRASS environment, allowing QGIS to be used as a user-friendly graphical interface to GRASS that more closely resembles other graphical GIS software than does the shell-based GRASS interface.
248:
GRASS GIS contains over 350 modules to render maps and images on monitor and paper; manipulate raster and vector data including vector networks; process multispectral image data; and create, manage, and store spatial data.
391:. USA-CERL completed its last release of GRASS as version 4.1 in 1992, and provided five updates and patches to this release through 1995. USA-CERL also wrote the core components of the GRASS 5.0 floating point version.
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As of 2015, GRASS development is split into two branches: stable and developmental. The stable branch is recommended for most users, while the development branch operates as a testbed for new features.
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Hofierka J., Šúri M. (2002). The solar radiation model for Open source GIS: implementation and applications. Proceedings of the Open source GIS - GRASS users conference, Italy. Available:
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that the application launches or by calling individual modules directly from a standard shell. The latest stable release version (LTS) is GRASS GIS 7, which is available since 2015.
226:(GIS) software suite used for geospatial data management and analysis, image processing, producing graphics and maps, spatial and temporal modeling, and visualizing. It can handle
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The GRASS distribution includes over 350 core modules. Over 100 add-on modules created by users are offered on its website. The libraries and core modules are written in
698:Šúri, Marcel, and Jaroslav Hofierka. "A New GIS‐based Solar Radiation Model and Its Application to Photovoltaic Assessments." Transactions in GIS 8.2 (2004): 175-190.
324:, the GRASS user is presented with a Unix shell containing a modified environment that supports execution of GRASS commands, termed modules. The environment has a
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Nguyen, H.T.; Pearce, J.M. (2010). "Estimating potential photovoltaic yield with r.sun and the open source
Geographical Resources Analysis Support System".
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The GRASS development team is a multinational group consisting of developers at many locations. GRASS is one of the eight initial software projects of the
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and hence can be combined using Python or shell scripting to build more complex or specialized modules, by users, without knowledge of C programming.
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313:, meaning that areas are defined by boundaries and centroids; boundaries cannot overlap within one layer. In contrast, OpenGIS
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454:. As of 2015, GRASS is used in academic and commercial settings around the world, and in many government agencies including
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Since then, GRASS has evolved into a powerful software suite with a wide range of applications in many different areas of
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GRASS is designed as an environment in which tools that perform specific GIS computations are executed. Unlike GUI-based
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737:
Neteler, Markus; Bowman, M. Hamish; Landa, Martin; Metz, Markus (2012). "GRASS GIS: A multi-purpose open source GIS".
427:, the current project leader, announced the release of GRASS 4.2.1, which offered major improvements including a new
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The development of GRASS was started by the USA-CERL to meet the need of the United States military for software for
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317:, defines vectors more freely, much as a non-georeferenced vector illustration program does.
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to take over the software, releasing GRASS 4.2. Around this time, a port of the software to
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GRASS supports raster and vector data in two and three dimensions. The vector data model is
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English, Czech, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Spanish, Vietnamese, ...
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This article is about computer software. For plants growing in the ground, see
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that includes parameters such as the geographic region covered and the
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290:. They can also interface with the modules directly through a bespoke
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A (not so) short overview of the
Geographic Information System GRASS
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352:, or other scripting languages. The modules are designed under the
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full temporal framework and many other features and improvements.
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598:. FOSS/GRASS Users Conference. Bangkok, Thailand. pp. 12–14.
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GRDSS, Geographic
Resources Decision Support System (GRASS GUI)
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830:(Python Web Processing Service with native support for GRASS)
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20:
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Engineering
Research Laboratory (USA-CERL), a branch of the
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278:. Users can interface with the software features through a
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GRASS software was changed to the GNU GPL in version 5.0.
795:
776:" Online publication at GRASS Development Project Website
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349:
198:
359:
There is cooperation between the GRASS and
Quantum GIS (
803:
446:. For example, it is used to estimate potential solar
827:
774:
Absolute
Beginners Guide to Linux/GRASS installation
505:
689:
provides a detailed guide on how to run the module.
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847:German National Library of Science and Technology
431:. In October 1999, the license of the originally
1241:
366:Another project exists to re-implement GRASS in
563:
867:
213:Geographic Resources Analysis Support System
874:
860:
588:
120:
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333:manipulating geographic data in a shell.
16:Geographical information system software
1163:Land Allocation Decision Support System
1242:
739:Environmental Modelling & Software
855:
723:experimental/development branch (7.1)
566:Open Source GIS: a GRASS GIS approach
568:(3rd ed.). New York: Springer.
516:Free and open-source software portal
845:. Provided by the AV-Portal of the
13:
730:
564:Neteler, M.; Mitasova, H. (2008).
340:. Other modules are written in C,
47:GRASS GIS graphical user interface
14:
1286:
787:
404:National Environmental Policy Act
299:Open Source Geospatial Foundation
286:GRASS via other software such as
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816:GRASS GIS mirror at ibiblio, USA
804:GRASS GIS mirror web site, Italy
508:
41:
32:
406:. The development platform was
304:
252:It is licensed and released as
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1:
1260:Free software programmed in C
779:原著 A. P. Pradeepkumar (2003)
751:10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.11.014
663:10.1016/j.solener.2010.02.009
529:
524:Object-based spatial database
254:free and open-source software
224:geographic information system
176:Geographic information system
385:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
7:
1270:Software that uses wxPython
501:
260:(GPL). It runs on multiple
10:
1291:
772:A.P. Pradeepkumar (2003) "
621:. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.
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258:GNU General Public License
188:GNU General Public License
18:
1265:Free educational software
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608:GRASS Development Team.
488:environmental consulting
429:graphical user interface
415:1993. A group formed at
280:graphical user interface
1275:Remote sensing software
1250:Cross-platform software
589:Westervelt, J. (2004).
402:. A key motive was the
81:8.4.0 / 27 July 2024
708:Version 7 new features
433:public domain software
400:environmental planning
58:GRASS Development Team
839:The GRASS story, 1987
476:National Park Service
83:; 48 days ago
1224:Visual Nature Studio
800:at OSGeo foundation
322:application software
973:Third Party Plugins
719:stable branch (7.0)
645:2010SoEn...84..831N
440:scientific research
423:was made. In 1998,
389:Champaign, Illinois
28:
904:ARC Macro Language
809:2014-05-19 at the
616:2012-07-06 at the
480:U.S. Census Bureau
26:
1255:Free GIS software
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781:GRASS 5.00 安装新手指南
575:978-0-387-35767-6
417:Baylor University
262:operating systems
216:(commonly termed
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543:"Release 8.4.0"
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315:Simple Features
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841:narrated by
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547:. Retrieved
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305:Architecture
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282:(GUI) or by
264:, including
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162:Available in
88:27 July 2024
54:Developer(s)
1112:Google Maps
1004:BAE Systems
964:ArcView 3.x
914:ArcExplorer
745:: 124–130.
676:open access
592:GRASS roots
490:companies.
486:, and many
450:yield with
444:engineering
410:running on
311:topological
232:topological
1244:Categories
1208:Smallworld
1138:GeoNetwork
1085:RemoteView
1078:Geospatial
1060:Intergraph
783:in Chinese
530:References
256:under the
132:Written in
102:Repository
1183:Mapbender
1148:GRASS GIS
1143:GeoServer
1076:Overwatch
1030:Maptitude
1012:SOCET SET
909:ArcEditor
721:, and an
649:CiteSeerX
549:22 August
219:GRASS GIS
27:GRASS GIS
1168:LandSerf
1067:GeoMedia
807:Archived
759:11041696
671:53333953
614:Archived
502:See also
1229:Xplanet
1220:TeraVue
1216:TNTmips
1193:RoboGEO
1178:MapInfo
1133:GeoBase
1051:Imagine
1022:Caliper
990:PurVIEW
985:GeoSTAC
959:ArcView
944:ArcInfo
641:Bibcode
378:History
272:Windows
243:graphic
222:) is a
194:Website
183:License
86: (
1203:Sedris
1198:SPRING
1153:IDRISI
1100:Google
954:ArcSDE
949:ArcMap
939:ArcIMS
919:ArcGIS
757:
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478:, the
474:, the
372:JGRASS
346:Python
245:data.
241:, and
235:vector
228:raster
201:.osgeo
144:Python
117:/grass
115:/OSGeo
111:github
1158:ILWIS
1121:Other
1044:Erdas
828:PyWPS
755:S2CID
667:S2CID
596:(PDF)
472:CSIRO
452:r.sun
421:Linux
387:, in
326:state
292:shell
276:Linux
199:grass
21:Grass
1212:Soar
1188:QGIS
1128:EMDS
897:ESRI
570:ISBN
551:2024
484:USGS
464:USDA
460:NOAA
456:NASA
442:and
408:Unix
398:and
368:Java
361:QGIS
288:QGIS
274:and
267:OS X
203:.org
171:Type
113:.com
66:1984
890:Arc
747:doi
659:doi
468:DLR
412:VAX
370:as
350:Tcl
342:C++
140:C++
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
