3359:
4345:
2608:
520:
2931:
4176:
2416:
62:
111:
3106:
1155:
3944:
3717:
3849:
3630:
4359:
3124:
1718:
3788:
3564:
2533:
3184:
1920:
3929:
3702:
2830:
3980:
3319:
4065:
4023:
170:
4191:
3802:
3578:
2431:
2384:
2276:
1739:
2883:
1899:
2973:
2791:
2623:
2046:
2477:
577:
2459:
1857:
44:
4242:
2706:
2580:
780:
73:
869:
3163:
82:
1364:
102:
53:
91:
1022:
1421:
2993:
2691:
1109:
1550:
943:
3405:
2770:
2565:
1810:
690:
120:
655:
1506:
616:
3275:
1600:
1194:
2369:
2323:
2006:
2097:
1963:
2255:
3231:
4132:, a distant cousin with more liberal politics. Charles X's son Louis signed a document renouncing his own right to the throne only after a 20-minute argument with his father. Because he was never crowned he is disputed as a genuine king of France. Louis's nephew Henry was likewise considered by some to be Henry V, but the new regime did not recognise his claim and he never ruled.
2518:
1675:
1771:
4428:: descendants of the Bourbons. In 1883, after the death of Henri V, grandson of Charles X, unionists recognized the Orléanist claimant as the pretender to the throne of France, as Henri V died without heirs, and also due to the Spanish renunciation, to them the House of Bourbon-Orléans became the senior line of the Capetian dynasty in France.
4484:: descendants of Napoleon I and his brothers, rejecting all heads of state 1815–48 and since 1870. They argue that the Imperial throne needs to return to the House of Bonaparte, as the monarchs of this house had been chosen directly by the people through referendums, giving them legitimacy to reign via
4147:
at the time, the French equivalent at the time of the UK House of
Commons. Louis Philippe did not do this, in order to increase his own chances of succession. As a consequence, and because the French parliamentarians were aware of his liberal policies and of his popularity at the time with the French
3069:
Ultimately, after winning numerous battles in defence of his claim, Henry converted to
Catholicism and was crowned as King Henry IV, founding the House of Bourbon. This marked the second time the thrones of Navarre and France were united under one monarch, as different inheritance laws had caused
367:
had control over most of
Northern France, including Paris. By 1453, the English had been mostly expelled from France and Henry's claim has since been considered illegitimate; French historiography commonly does not recognize Henry VI of England among the kings of France.
3475:, as ruler of France. Louis was under arrest by the government of the Revolution and died in captivity having never ruled. The republican government went through several changes in form and constitution until France was declared an empire, following the ascension of the
519:
4488:, and both the Bourbons and the Orléans were rejected and dethroned through revolutions and that the Bonapartes were only dethroned due the interference of foreign enemies, with no popular revolution taking place to overthrow the Bonapartes and that the
4810:
Odo's death is universally given as 1 January, as given by a late 13th century chronicle, but the earliest source on the matter, from the early 11th century, records his death as 3 January. Another source, from the 13th century, records his death as 2
5004:
on 3 April. Napoleon wrote an act of abdication on 4 April renouncing the throne in favour of his son. However, this was not accepted by the
Coalition, so he wrote an unconditional abdication on 6 April renouncing his rights and that of his
4474:, violating the fundamental laws of the kingdom. Another argument against the Orléans is that the very French Parliament that recognized Louis Philippe as king refused to give the throne to his grandson (and descendants) and proclaimed the
1248:
and was elected King in 987. Except for the
Bonaparte-led Empires, every monarch of France was a male-line descendant of Hugh Capet. The kingship passed through patrilineally from father to son until the 14th century, a period known as
7808:
7473:
7535:
4552:
4438:, claiming precedence over the House of Bourbon-Orléans by virtue of primogeniture. They argue that the claimant to the throne would be a Bourbon from the Spanish branch of the family. They ignore the
3358:
4454:: descendants of Louis-Phillippe, himself descended from a junior line of the Bourbon dynasty, rejecting all heads of state since 1848. They argue that King Louis Philippe acquired legitimacy via
5020:, this claim appears to be unsustained. The exact circumstances of his "abdication" are unknown, as it was announced in a document firmed by both Charles X and Louis, who is only called
6584:
4542:
6374:
5841:
6002:
2219:, which formed the basis for continued English claims to the throne of France until 1801. The Valois line ruled France until the line became extinct in 1589, in the backdrop of the
6112:
4344:
4421:
descended from the preceding monarchs have claimed to be the legitimate monarch of France, rejecting the claims of the president of France and of one another. These groups are:
7954:
6225:
5887:
6518:
4451:
7365:
7227:
7033:
6454:
7509:
6420:
7421:
6488:
7841:
4894:
Because neither Hugh nor Philip were sole or senior king in their own lifetimes, they are not traditionally listed as kings of France and are not given ordinals.
7447:
7305:
7201:
4596:
7097:
6911:
6344:
7253:
6679:
6963:
6937:
7889:
7561:
7395:
7335:
7071:
6833:
4541:
9698:
2607:
7175:
6743:
6717:
7149:
467:(r. 814–840), who eventually divided the kingdom between his sons. His death, however, was followed by a three-year-long civil war that ended with the
3463:
The period known as the "long nineteenth century" was a tumultuous time in French politics. The period is generally considered to have begun with the
4560:
2205:
to enforce their claims. The Valois were ultimately successful, and French historiography counts their leaders as rightful kings. One
Plantagenet,
8016:
7994:
3733:; proclaimed king in June 1795. Had his dynasty restored to the throne with the help of other European royal houses, which had dethroned Napoleon
7743:
7587:
7123:
7022:
4517:
6859:
8239:
8133:
7972:
7665:
7613:
4563:
4556:
4555:
4442:: the fact that King Philip V of Spain, whose descendants they are, has renounced the throne of France for himself and his descendants in the
8376:
7639:
7279:
6807:
6769:
6187:
6885:
4573:
4568:
4564:
9045:
6653:
4554:
4543:
2930:
4558:
2601:
His reign saw the strengthening and expansion of royal power. Nicknamed "the
Universal Spider" for the numerous intrigues during his rule
8913:
8895:
8643:
8556:
8519:
8348:
8292:
8266:
8156:
7923:
6569:
5778:
5630:
5567:
4610:
4581:
4572:
4567:
4565:
4562:
2963:
until 1563, but remained under her influence until his death. The Wars of
Religion began under his reign (1562). Best remembered for the
8988:
8939:
8879:
8821:
8785:
8315:
8186:
8060:
7820:
7783:
7691:
4557:
4553:
4531:
2309:
8486:
7000:
4530:
7758:
5024:. He is said to have been "king" between his father's signature and his own, as he (allegedly) initially refused to sign the document.
4592:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4569:
3062:, France was plunged into a succession crisis over which distant cousin of the king would inherit the throne. The best claimant, King
8217:
4620:
4593:
4587:
4539:
6333:
6071:
4588:
8748:
4584:
4583:
4580:
4571:
4566:
3201:
3111:
2415:
4586:
4540:
4532:
4272:
Chosen by Louis
Philippe I to be his successor, however the National Assembly refused to recognize him as king and proclaimed the
4175:
9069:
8398:
7966:
6307:
6279:
4462:
recognized him as king, with the
Bourbons having already been rejected and dethroned by the French people after two revolutions.
4570:
214:), as the first king of France. However, historians today consider that such a kingdom did not begin until the establishment of
4148:
population, they proclaimed Louis Philippe as the new French king, displacing the senior branch of the House of Bourbon.
6051:
5988:
5522:
4533:
2223:. As Navarre did not have a tradition of male-only primogeniture, the Navarrese monarchy became distinct from the French with
8084:
5745:
4594:
3458:
8709:
8610:
8463:
6098:
5825:
4467:
9693:
4954:
Henry III was elected on 5 May 1573. He was crowned on 21 February 1574, but he was declared deposed soon after, on 12 May.
4425:
237:
7856:
7555:
7055:
4590:
2452:
Ruled under the regency of his uncles until 1388. Suffered a long period of mental illness before dying of natural causes
4615:
4495:
3388:
2183:
356:
17:
9603:
8213:
7833:
7482:, p. 56. "On 5 May three orators were chosen On 11 May the minority conceded defeat did not happen till 15 May.".
4302:
9013:
4630:
4492:
was originally intended to be a provisional regime to return the throne to an Orléans or Bourbon (that never happened).
3105:
4538:
8967:
8873:
8852:
8779:
8695:
8670:
8637:
8604:
8583:
8550:
8513:
8457:
8436:
8342:
5772:
5688:
5663:
5624:
5561:
4372:
3309:
3070:
them to become separated during the events of the Hundred Years Wars. The House of Bourbon was overthrown during the
2508:
8092:
6608:
4589:
402:
clans of the 7th century AD. The family consolidated its power in the 8th century, eventually making the offices of
61:
9038:
8687:
8411:
4545:
4544:
4376:
2178:, having the closest all-male line of descent from a recent French king. They were descended from the third son of
1640:
7881:
495:. By this time, the eastern and western parts of the land had already developed different languages and cultures.
9636:
4764:
4645:
3848:
3629:
907:
4551:
4547:
4546:
4139:, a regent to the young Henry V, and charged him to announce his desire to have his grandson succeed him to the
3349:
325:
which linked the monarch's title to the French people rather than to the possession of the territory of France.
9064:
8844:
8542:
4854:
4605:
4537:
3884:
3443:
1154:
741:
in 881. Last ruler to control all Frankish territories. Deposed by the nobility, later dying of natural causes
4591:
4582:
4575:
3156:
Imprisoned by Henry III on 23 December 1588; remained his entire "reign" in captivity. Died of natural causes
110:
6314:
6286:
5832:
4640:
4625:
4550:
4548:
3899:
3490:
1717:
1305:
231:
4559:
4384:
3787:
3563:
7529:
4635:
4577:
4212:
4140:
3609:
1590:
4549:
4536:
3928:
3701:
3123:
9031:
5735:
294:
241:
6136:
4574:
4561:
4358:
4111:
3943:
3716:
1317:
5503:
Charles X was crowned on 29 May 1825, an unsuccessful attempt to revive the old monarchical traditions.
4879:
8028:
7019:
6249:
2532:
29:
This article is about French kings beginning with the 843 Treaty of Verdun. For kings before 843, see
8955:
7721:
5869:
4941:
This is the date in which the last English holdout was expelled by the French, with the exception of
4730:
Scholars give his death as either 3, 4, or 10 August, but ancient sources clearly indicates 5 August.
4535:
3506:
3183:
1919:
1052:
408:
302:
2829:
9688:
9610:
8929:
6182:
6058:"...he survived seven more days, and died in the same place... in December, about 18 years of age."
5589:
4022:
3141:
2917:
2504:
2289:
976:
274:
in 1190 (r. 1180–1223), after which the title "King of the Franks" gradually lost ground. However,
8368:
6402:
6177:
4064:
3979:
169:
7467:
7441:
7221:
7117:
6931:
4012:; attempted to return to the Ancient Regime. Abdicated in favour of his grandson Henry after the
3970:
3019:
2960:
2220:
2170:, over control of the French throne. The Valois claimed the right to the succession by male-only
1289:
1146:
185:
7389:
7273:
7247:
6983:
6957:
6853:
6699:
6030:
4849:) was not actually a name, but a nickname adopted by later historians. It probably derived from
3318:
9446:
9074:
7581:
7415:
7091:
6763:
6512:
5915:
5482:
5044:
Charles II was crowned emperor on 25 December 875. For later Frankish and German emperors, see
5016:
4534:
4481:
4475:
4298:
4273:
4232:
3510:
3396:
3055:
2613:
890:
818:
377:
30:
8899:
8627:
8536:
8503:
8332:
8286:
8260:
8146:
8142:
7915:
7195:
7169:
7065:
6737:
6563:
5762:
5614:
5551:
5133:
Louis IV was crowned on 19 June 936, following a brief interregnum after the death of Rudolph.
4190:
3801:
3577:
2430:
813:; elected king by the French nobles following the deposition of Charles. Initially rivaled by
9436:
8978:
8933:
8863:
8838:
8811:
8771:
8765:
8364:
8309:
8176:
8050:
8046:
7049:
6546:
6482:
5593:
5221:
Louis VII was crowned as a child on 25 October 1131, and again on 25 December 1137 alongside
4775:
4489:
4466:
argue that the Orléans do not deserve the throne because they are descended from a regicide,
4403:
4380:
4306:
3815:
3598:
3518:
3392:
3075:
2882:
2523:
2383:
2313:
2187:
2155:
1274:
1269:
king of England who claimed himself as the rightful king of France through his French mother
360:
333:
306:
8480:
6997:
6448:
6368:
5653:
4990:
3221:
2972:
9471:
9466:
9431:
9397:
9372:
9362:
5222:
5085:
4923:, p. 16 gives 6 January, the same date of Philip IV's coronation. This is a confusion.
4292:
3482:
as Emperor Napoleon I. Napoleon was overthrown twice following military defeats during the
3063:
3051:
3047:
3015:
2936:
2888:
2421:
2297:
2293:
2179:
2163:
2151:
2102:
1956:
and his consolidation of royal power, which helped to reduce the influence of feudal lords
1862:
1800:
1776:
1258:
734:
349:
189:
8207:
8203:
2790:
2718:
Great-grandson of Charles V. Second cousin, and by first marriage son-in-law, of Louis XI
8:
9597:
9500:
9476:
9456:
9426:
9416:
9377:
9357:
9352:
9332:
9263:
9258:
9214:
9090:
6330:
6068:
5343:
5169:
4976:
4904:
4780:
4706:
4513:
4485:
4463:
4455:
4431:
4314:
4208:
4125:
3986:
3594:
3534:
3059:
2978:
2804:
2775:
2622:
2465:
2374:
2275:
2260:
2206:
2191:
1904:
1898:
1738:
1723:
1705:
1680:
1426:
1278:
715:
621:
582:
576:
413:
403:
389:
364:
345:
341:
283:
271:
141:
9621:
8726:
5000:
4241:
3446:
by the revolutionary forces on 13 August 1792. Remained his entire "reign" in captivity
9647:
9557:
9520:
9487:
9461:
9392:
9367:
9347:
9342:
9298:
9288:
9283:
8740:
8701:
8403:
8233:
8182:
8152:
8127:
6048:
5982:
5045:
4770:
4760:
4507:
4228:
3835:
3743:
3530:
3479:
3168:
3043:
2835:
2820:
2817:
2458:
2359:
2224:
2195:
2167:
2051:
1840:
1815:
1605:
1555:
1411:
1397:
1270:
1245:
1134:
1130:
1114:
1074:
980:
949:
874:
814:
779:
738:
567:
453:
429:
329:
287:
219:
204:
145:
129:
8010:
7988:
6301:
6273:
3204:
and by first marriage son-in-law of Henry II. Proclaimed king on Henry III's deathbed
3023:
2705:
2579:
2045:
9421:
9382:
9337:
9308:
9303:
9293:
9009:
8963:
8909:
8869:
8848:
8775:
8691:
8666:
8633:
8600:
8579:
8546:
8509:
8453:
8432:
8338:
8115:
8107:
8101:
8080:
6043:
5768:
5741:
5684:
5659:
5620:
5557:
4471:
4459:
4443:
4439:
4247:
4144:
4070:
3672:
3660:
Unrecognized by the Coalition and the Senate, only named emperor in Napoleon's will.
3464:
3431:
3071:
3054:, had no legitimate sons to inherit. Following the premature death of his fourth son
2964:
2856:
2728:
2546:
2397:
2328:
2202:
1968:
1949:
1856:
1630:
1511:
1458:
1301:
1199:
1160:
1027:
963:
810:
606:
563:
488:
457:
433:
7911:
4878:
through his mother and paternal grandmother, respectively, and was also a nephew of
2476:
868:
254:) until the late twelfth century; the first to adopt the title of "King of France" (
9630:
9583:
9511:
9387:
9253:
8731:
8056:
7802:
7733:
7329:
6106:
5996:
5173:
4911:
gives 13 and 18 November. Modern sources often give his lifespan as 15–20 November.
4801:
In older sources his birth was dated to 832, but nowadays 839 is the accepted date.
4499:
4181:
4129:
3590:
3498:
3145:
3037:
2492:
2216:
2011:
1309:
1293:
1282:
1235:
1058:
552:
525:
468:
322:
7777:
7707:
7607:
6879:
6673:
1760:
Regarded as one of the greatest French rulers. First monarch to style himself as "
456:" by the Pope, a title that was eventually carried on by the German rulers of the
9407:
9273:
9248:
9232:
8984:
8817:
8681:
8660:
8594:
8573:
8447:
8172:
7868:
7685:
7633:
7359:
7143:
7026:
7004:
6827:
6337:
6311:
6283:
6102:
6092:
6080:
6075:
6055:
5992:
5829:
5819:
4871:
4748:
4710:
4693:
4664:
4395:
4216:
4121:
4013:
3880:
3613:
3483:
3305:
3261:
3213:
2159:
2145:
2126:
2081:
2036:
1992:
1941:
1848:
1254:
1250:
723:
695:
544:
464:
421:
352:
French Empires, between 1804 and 1814, again in 1815, and between 1852 and 1870.
318:
298:
263:
7659:
7299:
6905:
6789:
5721:
Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged
4792:
This is the most accepted and cited date, although it is not entirely confirmed.
3162:
1999:) since 2 April 1305. His short reign was marked by conflicts with the nobility
9318:
9179:
4979:
on 5 October 1789, after which he became a hostage of the revolutionary forces.
4942:
4875:
4717:(Germany). Both French and German monarchs saw themselves as the successors of
4696:
of May. However, ancient sources record his birth as 13 June, the ides of June.
4009:
2921:
2920:
since 24 April 1558. A weak and sick boy, he remained under the regency of the
2732:
2645:
1953:
1709:
1629:
His reign contributed to the centralization of royal power. First king to wage
1454:
1393:
1329:
476:
441:
417:
314:
247:
196:
8256:
8119:
1420:
1021:
9682:
9278:
9204:
9169:
9134:
4963:
4832:
Some scholars give his death as 21 May, but contemporary sources give 22 May.
4115:
3494:
3493:, which was ruled successively by two younger brothers of Louis XVI, and the
2690:
2171:
1363:
1313:
1108:
894:
785:
8705:
7788:
7786:
7763:
7761:
3616:; remembered as one of the greatest military commanders in history. Deposed
2992:
1549:
942:
43:
9656:
9199:
9189:
9184:
9164:
9159:
9104:
4752:
4739:
Some modern sources give his death as "12 December", but this is a mistake.
4714:
4351:
4310:
3839:
3758:
3514:
3476:
3404:
3066:, was a Protestant, and thus unacceptable to much of the French nobility.
2869:
2769:
2649:
1586:
1062:
719:
689:
484:
480:
359:, though such claim was purely nominal excepting a short period during the
215:
161:
72:
7738:
4763:. Given that he was the third emperor with that name, he is also known as
4277:
3489:
After the Napoleonic period followed two different royal governments, the
654:
81:
9592:
9572:
9268:
9242:
9194:
9149:
9139:
9124:
9114:
8282:
4867:
4718:
4668:
3934:
3854:
3819:
3707:
3635:
3220:) since 10 June 1572. Killed in Paris on 14 May 1610 by Catholic fanatic
1844:
1505:
1468:
1266:
1066:
661:
548:
437:
8744:
8407:
615:
9546:
9525:
9327:
9237:
9219:
9144:
9129:
9109:
8393:
8111:
4503:
4286:
4204:
4096:
4055:
3794:
3570:
3502:
3472:
3410:
3236:
2564:
1809:
1369:
1262:
753:
683:
Ruled the South; died after being accidentally stabbed by his servant.
290:
in about 1550; it was also used on coins up to the eighteenth century.
157:
133:
5793:
5084:
Charles the Fat was most likely crowned on 20 May 885. He was already
4105:
3524:
3513:
that lasted four years, before its President declared himself Emperor
3274:
1334:
The House of Capet are also commonly known as the "Direct Capetians".
101:
9540:
9530:
9451:
9174:
9154:
9023:
6255:
5875:
5172:. The latter date is usually regarded as the "official" start of the
4435:
4418:
4028:
3957:
3879:
Unrecognized by the Coalition; remained his entire "reign" hidden in
3730:
3468:
3427:
3365:
3280:
2696:
2175:
1599:
1241:
399:
279:
153:
149:
7938:
5088:
since 28 August 876. He was also crowned emperor on 12 February 881.
1193:
90:
52:
9566:
9535:
9441:
9223:
9099:
8079:, Editions du Patrimoine, Centres des Monuments Nationaux, Paris. (
7550:
6559:
5683:. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press. p. 182.
3893:
3324:
3197:
3137:
2873:
2570:
2368:
1297:
1070:
1061:
since 921. Died of illness after a reign of constant civil war and
995:
200:
137:
3666:
9119:
8905:
5599:
5097:
Odo was crowned on 29 February 888 and then again on 13 November.
4756:
2409:
His reign was marked with internal struggle against feudal lords
2211:
1543:
His reign was marked with internal struggle against feudal lords
833:
492:
472:
449:
181:
5106:
Charles III was crowned on 28 January 893, in opposition to Odo.
4903:
He lived from 15 to 19 November according to the continuator of
4779:. This discrepancy originates from the regnal number adopted by
2322:
2133:. Died without a male heir, ending the direct line of Capetians
2096:
2005:
1962:
416:. The dynasty is named after one of these mayors of the palace,
357:
English (and later British) monarch claimed the throne of France
5764:
The Shaping of German Identity: Authority and Crisis, 1245-1414
3391:
after 1789. Formally deposed following the proclamation of the
2653:
645:
425:
424:
dethroned the Merovingians in 751 and, with the consent of the
395:
177:
119:
4529:
3471:. Royalists continued to recognize his son, the putative king
2491:
Maternal grandson of Charles VI, recognized as heir after the
2254:
1288:
The Valois line died out in the late 16th century, during the
5936:
5926:
5924:
5165:
5161:
4842:
4516:: senior heirs-general of Edward III of England and thus his
2039:; youngest and shortest undisputed monarch in French history
1892:
Greatly expanded French influence in Europe. Died of a fever
445:
255:
4498:: kings of England and later of Great Britain (renounced by
3230:
2166:, whose claim was taken up by the cadet branch known as the
8962:. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press.
4470:, who voted for the execution of King Louis XVI during the
4099:
pretender to the throne. Died in exile several years later
3834:
Abdicated in favour of his son following his defeat at the
3823:
3621:
5921:
3752:
3509:
brought an end to the monarchy again, instituting a brief
2545:
Son of Charles VI and uncle of Henry VI of England, named
2517:
1674:
1308:
after the fall of Napoleon. The last Capetian to rule was
173:
The family tree of Frankish and French monarchs (509–1870)
5014:
Although claimed as the shortest reigning monarch by the
4975:
Louis XVI's powers as king became obsolete following the
1770:
1229:
8632:. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press. p. 137.
6641:
6408:
5521:
A coronation ceremony for Napoleon III was planned, but
5075:
Louis III and Carloman II were crowned on September 879.
5066:
Louis III and Carloman II were crowned on September 879.
4313:. He would later be overthrown during the events of the
3746:, and again in March 1815, after the return of Napoleon
3422:(2 years, 4 months and 18 days; disputed)
2740:
2362:(1356); forced to sign a series of humiliating treaties
8865:
Coronations: Medieval and Early Modern Monarchic Ritual
7834:"France: Commission of Government: 1815 - Archontology"
6998:
Chronique latine de Guillaume de Nangis, de 1113 Ă 1300
8155:: Pacific Press Publishing Company. pp. 327–332.
6201:
6154:
4721:, which is why many rulers share the same regnal name.
3058:
and the assassination of his third son, the childless
2661:
8662:
Charles the Fat and the End of the Carolingian Empire
7497:
7485:
6568:(in French). Vol. IV. J. Renouard. p. 147.
6213:
4932:
Sources give his birth date as 6, 16, 20 or 26 April.
4458:
when the representatives of the French people in the
4231:. Formally deposed following the proclamation of the
3620:
and forced to abdicate, then exiled to the island of
1803:
in 1216, after which he led an unsuccessful invasion
8538:
The Société Des Concerts Du Conservatoire, 1828–1967
6631:
6629:
6142:
5952:
5737:
Kingdoms and communities in Western Europe, 900–1300
5160:
Hugh was elected and crowned king on 1 June 987, in
4287:
House of Bonaparte, Second French Empire (1852–1870)
1948:) since 16 August 1284, following his marriage with
644:
Ruled the North; died after hitting his head with a
8212:. Société historique et archéologique du Gâtinais.
6614:
4106:
House of Bourbon-Orléans, July Monarchy (1830–1848)
3525:
House of Bonaparte, First French Empire (1804–1814)
2182:, Charles, Count of Valois. The Plantagenets based
412:hereditary and becoming the real powers behind the
8505:The Politics of Dreaming in the Carolingian Empire
5964:
5512:Louis Philippe I decided not to have a coronation.
4998:of Napoleon on 2 April, which was followed by the
3973:. Last French monarch to die while still reigning
6795:
6705:
6626:
5678:
2807:, and by first marriage son-in-law, of Louis XII
2117:Son of Philip IV and younger brother of Philip V
1300:. The Bourbons ruled France until deposed in the
906:Deposed by Robert's followers; later captured by
9680:
8901:Principles of Government: Monarchical government
5767:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 155–182.
5679:Deploige, Jeroen; Deneckere, Gita, eds. (2006).
5612:
4398:by the German army on 2 September 1870; deposed
4120:The Bourbon Restoration came to an end with the
3894:House of Bourbon, Second Restoration (1815–1830)
3521:, and ending monarchic rule in France for good.
3452:
2558:His reign saw the end of the Hundred Years' War
1572:(47 years, 11 months and 25 days)
1240:The Capetian dynasty is named for Hugh Capet, a
1082:
842:
479:) was short-lived. Modern France developed from
383:
321:)". It was a constitutional innovation known as
8373:The People's Book of Ancient and Modern History
8103:The Kings of France, their Wives and Mistresses
5342:Henry (II) was crowned on 16 December 1431, at
4520:, also claiming England, Scotland, and Ireland.
4199:(17 years, 6 months and 15 days)
3995:(5 years, 10 months and 17 days)
3667:House of Bourbon, First Restoration (1814–1815)
3586:(9 years, 10 months and 15 days)
3374:(18 years, 4 months and 11 days)
3291:(72 years, 3 months and 18 days)
3192:(20 years, 9 months and 12 days)
3031:
2946:(13 years, 5 months and 25 days)
2851:(12 years, 3 months and 10 days)
2799:(32 years, 2 months and 30 days)
2714:(16 years, 8 months and 25 days)
2345:(13 years, 7 months and 17 days)
2308:His reign was dominated by the consequences of
2284:(22 years, 4 months and 21 days)
1826:(43 years, 9 months and 17 days)
1747:(42 years, 9 months and 26 days)
1437:(34 years, 8 months and 26 days)
1174:(31 years, 5 months and 20 days)
1125:(18 years, 2 months and 22 days)
1047:(12 years, 6 months and 30 days)
885:(24 years, 5 months and 26 days)
805:(9 years, 10 months and 15 days)
278:continued to be sometimes used, for example by
246:The kings used the title "King of the Franks" (
8334:International Encyclopedia of Military History
7722:"Les trois actes d'abdication de Napoléon Ier"
4367:(17 years, 9 months and 2 days)
4301:lasted from 1848 to 1852, when its president,
3335:(58 years, 8 months and 9 days)
3042:The Valois line looked strong on the death of
3001:(15 years, 2 months and 3 days)
2648:until 1491. Started the long and unsuccessful
2631:(14 years, 7 months and 8 days)
2392:(16 years, 5 months and 8 days)
2186:on being closer to a more recent French king,
2139:
1928:(29 years, 1 month and 24 days)
1879:(15 years, 1 month and 10 days)
1787:(3 years, 3 months and 25 days)
1691:(43 years, 1 month and 17 days)
1388:(9 years, 4 months and 23 days)
1296:, which descended through the Direct Capetian
916:
747:
710:(2 years, 11 months and 5 days)
670:(5 years, 7 months and 26 days)
631:(3 years, 3 months and 26 days)
9039:
8727:"Les couronnements des rois Hugues et Robert"
8508:. University of Nebraska Press. p. 227.
6186:(in German), vol. 11, pp. 181–184,
5740:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 256–257.
5556:(in French). Librairie Droz. pp. 241ff.
5494:Louis XVIII decided not to have a coronation.
4692:Older scholars give his birth as 15 May, the
4482:Bonapartist claimants to the throne of France
4215:after the abdication of Charles X during the
3999:Younger brother of Louis XVI and Louis XVIII
3952:(9 years, 2 months and 8 days)
3005:Younger brother of Francis II and Charles IX
2904:(1 year, 4 months and 25 days)
2872:. Died after being accidentally stabbed in a
2588:(22 years, 1 month and 8 days)
2541:(38 years, 9 months and 1 day)
2439:(42 years, 1 month and 5 days)
2068:(5 years, 1 month and 14 days)
1283:a time partially recognized as King of France
1210:(1 year, 2 months and 20 days)
8980:Leçons élémentaires sur l'Histoire de France
8928:
5549:
5409:Francis II was crowned on 18 September 1559.
4966:was integrated into France during his reign.
4426:Legitimist claimants to the throne of France
4317:, becoming the last monarch to rule France.
3501:, a distant cousin who claimed descent from
1979:(1 year, 6 months and 7 days)
1323:
989:
593:(1 year, 6 months and 4 days)
9699:Lists of political office-holders in France
8767:Queens and Mistresses of Renaissance France
8625:
7020:Chronique parisienne anonyme du XIVe siècle
5930:
5297:Charles IV was crowned on 21 February 1322.
4909:Chronique Parisienne Anonyme de 1316 Ă 1339
4611:Family tree of French monarchs (simplified)
4452:Orléanist claimants to the throne of France
3887:. Died of tuberculosis several years later
3842:, where he later died of a stomach illness
3725:(1st time; 10 months and 17 days)
3046:, who left four male heirs. His first son,
2215:control of the French throne following the
1133:, recalled to France after being exiled to
570:" on Christmas 875. Died of natural causes
440:", the Frankish kingdom expanded deep into
371:
9046:
9032:
8238:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
8132:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
7821:Napoléon-François-Charles-Joseph Bonaparte
5658:. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. viii.
5445:Louis XIII was crowned on 17 October 1610.
5427:Henry III was crowned on 13 February 1575.
5333:Charles VI was crowned on 4 November 1380.
4514:Jacobite claimants to the throne of France
1392:Elected king by the French nobles. Son of
1292:, to be replaced by the distantly related
8596:Hero or Tyrant? Henry III, King of France
8248:
7737:
6175:
5436:Henry IV was crowned on 27 February 1594.
5391:Francis I was crowned on 25 January 1515.
5315:John II was crowned on 26 September 1350.
5261:Philip III was crowned on 30 August 1271.
5252:Louis IX was crowned on 29 November 1226.
5234:Philip II was crowned on 1 November 1179.
5185:Robert II was crowned on 30 December 987.
4621:Fundamental laws of the Kingdom of France
4496:English claimants to the throne of France
3132:(disputed; 9 months and 7 days)
2803:Great-great-grandson of Charles V. First
1457:by the Catholic Church. Incorporated the
8894:
8478:
8426:
8330:
8209:Les séjours des rois de France: 481–1789
8047:"Liste Chronologique des rois de France"
7944:
7916:"Notes de vexillologie royale française"
7910:
7237:
6414:
5733:
5463:Louis XV was crowned on 25 October 1722.
5373:Charles VIII was crowned on 30 May 1484.
5355:Charles VII was crowned on 17 July 1429.
5270:Philip IV was crowned on 6 January 1286.
5243:Louis VIII was crowned on 6 August 1223.
3822:following his escape from the island of
3742:Fled France on 21 June 1791, during the
3050:, died in his minority. His second son,
355:From the 14th century down to 1801, the
297:was in effect (1791–1792) and after the
168:
8836:
8679:
8658:
8534:
8314:. London: Joseph Rickerby. p. 43.
8000:
7061:
6261:
6219:
6207:
6160:
5881:
5723:. MA, US: Merriam-Webster. p. 341.
5718:
5672:
5364:Louis XI was crowned on 15 August 1461.
5288:Philip V was crowned on 9 January 1317.
5142:Lothair was crowned on 12 November 954.
5057:Louis II was crowned on 8 December 877.
4853:, an ecclesiastical mantle wore at the
4135:Charles X named Louis Philippe as
3753:House of Bonaparte, Hundred Days (1815)
14:
9681:
9053:
9003:
8592:
8571:
8501:
8391:
8077:Les Tuileries, Du Louvre Ă la Concorde
7926:from the original on 19 September 2023
7503:
7491:
7479:
7379:
7349:
7319:
6558:
6171:
6169:
6148:
6126:
6020:
5760:
5708:. Paris, France: Barbier. p. 359.
5703:
5651:
5588:
5472:Louis XVI was crowned on 11 June 1775.
5418:Charles IX was crowned on 15 May 1561.
5279:Louis X was crowned on 24 August 1315.
5212:Louis VI was crowned on 3 August 1108.
4783:, the first French king to assume one.
4235:. Abdicated in favour of his grandson
3517:, who was deposed and replaced by the
3304:Ruled under the regency of his mother
2959:Ruled under the regency of his mother
2644:Ruled under the regency of his sister
1708:and his military campaigns during the
1230:Capetian dynasty (987–1792; 1814–1848)
9027:
8954:
8724:
8445:
8307:
8281:
8255:
8148:The Annual Statistician and Economist
8099:
8044:
7948:
7675:
7649:
7623:
7597:
7571:
7519:
7457:
7431:
7427:
7405:
7375:
7345:
7315:
7289:
7263:
7233:
7211:
7185:
7159:
7133:
7107:
7081:
7039:
6973:
6947:
6921:
6895:
6869:
6843:
6817:
6779:
6753:
6727:
6689:
6663:
6647:
6635:
6620:
6594:
6528:
6498:
6464:
6430:
6384:
6354:
6235:
5946:
5897:
5851:
5807:
5454:Louis XIV was crowned on 7 June 1654.
5400:Henry II was crowned on 26 July 1547.
5382:Louis XII was crowned on 27 May 1498.
5324:Charles V was crowned on 19 May 1364.
5306:Philip VI was crowned on 29 May 1328.
4920:
4890:
4888:
4819:
4817:
4054:Allegedly king for 20 minutes; later
3597:of 19 November 1799; self-proclaimed
3459:France in the long nineteenth century
3018:. He reigned through the devastating
2741:House of Valois-Angoulême (1515–1589)
2072:Son of Philip IV and uncle of John I
1257:, a cadet branch that descended from
463:Charlemagne was succeeded by his son
192:in 1870, with several interruptions.
9667:Debatable or disputed rulers are in
8363:
8037:
7978:
7844:from the original on 9 December 2023
7719:
5203:Philip I was crowned on 23 May 1059.
5164:. He was crowned again on 3 July in
5115:Robert I was crowned on 30 June 922.
3963:17 November 1755 – 16 September 1824
3736:17 November 1755 – 16 September 1824
3350:Philippe II, Duke of Bourbon-Orléans
2574:"the Prudent" "the Universal Spider"
2507:since 1 September 1422. Ruled under
238:French monarchs family tree (simple)
8976:
8861:
8763:
8201:
8171:
8140:
7792:
7767:
7697:
7671:
7645:
7619:
7593:
7567:
7545:
7541:
7515:
7453:
7401:
7371:
7341:
7311:
7285:
7259:
7207:
7181:
7155:
7129:
7103:
7077:
6969:
6943:
6917:
6891:
6865:
6839:
6813:
6801:
6775:
6749:
6723:
6711:
6685:
6659:
6598:
6590:
6536:
6532:
6524:
6502:
6494:
6472:
6468:
6460:
6438:
6434:
6426:
6392:
6388:
6380:
6358:
6350:
6239:
6231:
6166:
6122:
6118:
6016:
6012:
6008:
5970:
5958:
5942:
5905:
5901:
5893:
5859:
5855:
5847:
5803:
5799:
5550:Guyotjeannin, Olivier, ed. (1996).
5194:Henry I was crowned on 14 May 1027.
5124:Rudolph was crowned on 13 July 923.
4616:English claims to the French throne
4412:
3591:First Consul of the French Republic
3298:5 September 1638 – 1 September 1715
2662:House of Valois-Orléans (1498–1515)
2652:. Died after hitting his head on a
2403:21 January 1337 – 16 September 1380
1847:; only king to be venerated by the
1414:since 956. Died of natural causes.
1316:(1830–1848), a member of the cadet
1261:. The Valois claim was disputed by
1253:rule. Afterwards, it passed to the
893:; proclaimed king in opposition to
609:since 867. Died of natural causes.
475:into three kingdoms, one of which (
24:
8991:from the original on 29 March 2022
8942:from the original on 13 March 2022
8916:from the original on 13 March 2022
8882:from the original on 13 March 2022
8868:. University of California Press.
8824:from the original on 26 March 2022
8809:
8802:
8788:from the original on 13 March 2022
8751:from the original on 13 March 2022
8712:from the original on 26 March 2023
8629:The New Cambridge Medieval History
8613:from the original on 26 March 2023
8559:from the original on 13 March 2022
8522:from the original on 26 March 2022
8489:from the original on 25 March 2022
8414:from the original on 13 March 2022
8379:from the original on 14 March 2022
8318:from the original on 13 March 2022
8295:from the original on 13 March 2022
8269:from the original on 31 March 2022
8220:from the original on 13 March 2022
8189:from the original on 26 March 2022
8159:from the original on 25 March 2022
8063:from the original on 29 March 2022
6572:from the original on 11 March 2022
5633:from the original on 14 March 2022
5570:from the original on 16 March 2022
5151:Louis V was crowned on 8 June 979.
4885:
4814:
4769:. He must not to be confused with
4658:
4631:List of heirs to the French throne
4468:Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
4402:following the proclamation of the
4089:29 September 1820 – 24 August 1883
3467:, which deposed and then executed
3310:Longest reigning sovereign monarch
2527:"the Victorious" "the Well-Served"
1794:5 September 1187 – 8 November 1226
25:
9710:
9006:Histoire et dictionnaire de Paris
8646:from the original on 23 July 2023
8466:from the original on 8 April 2022
8351:from the original on 8 April 2022
6331:Obituaires de la province de Sens
6190:from the original on 21 July 2023
6069:Obituaires de la province de Sens
5781:from the original on 1 April 2022
5754:
5727:
4364:2 December 1852– 4 September 1870
4266:24 August 1838 – 8 September 1894
3008:19 September 1551 – 2 August 1589
2911:20 January 1544 – 5 December 1560
2823:and scholarship. Died of a fever
2810:12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547
2446:3 December 1368 – 21 October 1422
1925:5 October 1285 – 29 November 1314
1688:1 August 1137 – 18 September 1180
1664:29 August 1116 – 13 October 1131
958:(11 months and 17 days)
707:12 December 884 – 11 November 887
539:(34 years and 2 months)
428:and the aristocracy, was crowned
398:noble family with origins in the
293:During the brief period when the
8688:University of Pennsylvania Press
8482:Robert Ier et Raoul de Bourgogne
8214:Bibliothèque nationale de France
7904:
7892:from the original on 28 May 2022
7874:
7826:
7746:from the original on 2 July 2023
7713:
7011:
5613:Aguilera-Barchet, Bruno (2014).
5515:
5506:
5497:
5488:
5475:
5466:
5457:
5448:
5439:
5430:
5421:
5412:
5403:
5394:
5385:
5376:
5367:
5358:
5349:
5336:
5327:
5318:
5309:
5300:
5291:
5282:
5008:
4982:
4969:
4957:
4948:
4935:
4926:
4914:
4897:
4377:President of the French Republic
4357:
4343:
4303:Charles-Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte
4240:
4189:
4174:
4063:
4021:
4002:9 October 1757 – 6 November 1836
3992:16 September 1824– 2 August 1830
3978:
3942:
3927:
3847:
3800:
3786:
3715:
3700:
3628:
3576:
3562:
3403:
3381:23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793
3357:
3317:
3273:
3229:
3182:
3161:
3122:
3104:
2991:
2971:
2929:
2881:
2828:
2789:
2768:
2704:
2689:
2621:
2606:
2578:
2563:
2531:
2516:
2475:
2457:
2429:
2414:
2382:
2367:
2321:
2274:
2253:
2095:
2065:20 November 1316– 3 January 1322
2044:
2004:
1961:
1918:
1897:
1855:
1808:
1769:
1737:
1716:
1673:
1598:
1548:
1527:(29 years and 15 days)
1504:
1478:19 June 1017 – 17 September 1025
1419:
1362:
1192:
1153:
1107:
1020:
941:
900:17 September 879 – 7 October 929
867:
778:
688:
653:
614:
575:
518:
218:, during the dissolution of the
118:
109:
100:
89:
80:
71:
60:
51:
42:
8431:. Librairie Académique Perrin.
8399:Société de l'histoire de France
6989:
6552:
6323:
6295:
6267:
6086:
6061:
6036:
5976:
5813:
5616:A History of Western Public Law
5273:
5264:
5255:
5246:
5237:
5228:
5215:
5206:
5197:
5188:
5179:
5154:
5145:
5136:
5127:
5118:
5109:
5100:
5091:
5078:
5069:
5060:
5051:
5038:
4860:
4835:
4826:
4804:
4795:
4786:
4742:
4733:
4724:
4699:
4686:
4646:Succession to the French throne
4265:
4262:
4255:
4246:
4239:
4221:6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850
4203:Sixth-generation descendant of
4196:9 August 1830– 24 February 1848
4088:
4085:
4078:
4069:
4062:
4047:
4044:
4037:
4027:
4020:
3949:8 July 1815 – 16 September 1824
3872:
3869:
3862:
3853:
3846:
3653:
3650:
3643:
3634:
3627:
3436:
3425:
3418:
3409:
3402:
3371:10 May 1774 – 21 September 1792
3254:27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643
3149:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3110:
3103:
2552:22 February 1403 – 22 July 1461
2497:
2490:
2481:
2474:
2463:
2456:
2389:8 April 1364– 16 September 1380
2358:Captured by the English at the
2113:(6 years and 29 days)
2110:3 January 1322– 1 February 1328
1823:8 November 1226– 25 August 1270
1744:18 September 1180– 14 July 1223
1663:
1660:
1650:14 April 1129 – 13 October 1131
1649:
1638:
1636:
1616:(29 years and 3 days)
1491:
1488:
1477:
1466:
1464:
908:Herbert II, Count of Vermandois
802:29 February 888 – 3 January 898
551:; recognized as king after the
436:(r. 768–814), better known as "
209:
8665:. Cambridge University Press.
8626:McKitterick, Rosamond (1995).
8543:University of California Press
8394:"Les cisterciens et Charles V"
8311:Resumé de l'histoire de France
8291:. Translated by Walter Kelly.
8178:Abrégé de l'histoire de France
8093:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
8090:
8022:
8004:
7982:
7960:
7862:
7814:
7796:
7771:
7701:
7679:
7653:
7627:
7601:
7575:
7523:
7461:
7435:
7409:
7383:
7353:
7323:
7293:
7267:
7241:
7215:
7189:
7163:
7137:
7111:
7085:
7043:
6977:
6951:
6925:
6899:
6873:
6847:
6821:
6783:
6757:
6731:
6693:
6667:
6602:
6540:
6506:
6476:
6442:
6396:
6362:
6275:Annales S. Benigni Divionensis
6243:
6130:
6094:Annales S. Benigni Divionensis
6024:
5909:
5863:
5821:Annales S. Benigni Divionensis
5712:
5697:
5645:
5606:
5582:
5543:
5031:
4855:Abbey of Saint Martin of Tours
4823:See main entry for references.
4606:Family tree of French monarchs
4389:20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873
3342:15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774
3332:1 September 1715 – 10 May 1774
3288:14 May 1643 – 1 September 1715
3207:13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610
3196:10th-generation descendant of
3074:and replaced by a short-lived
3022:, which eventually led to his
2950:Younger brother of Francis II
2901:10 July 1559 – 5 December 1560
2796:1 January 1515 – 31 March 1547
2538:21 October 1422 – 22 July 1461
1954:struggle with the Roman papacy
1876:25 August 1270– 5 October 1285
1833:25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270
1171:10 September 954 – 2 March 986
1122:19 June 936 – 10 September 954
184:from the establishment of the
13:
1:
8935:Armorial général de la France
8683:Ordines Coronationis Franciae
7882:"Shortest reign of a monarch"
5532:
4641:Style of the French sovereign
4626:List of French royal consorts
4137:Lieutenant général du royaume
3900:Bourbon Restoration in France
3453:Long 19th-century (1792–1870)
3419:21 January 1793 – 8 June 1795
3150:22 December 1523 – 9 May 1590
2943:5 December 1560 – 30 May 1574
2868:His reign saw the end of the
2721:27 June 1462 – 1 January 1515
2711:7 April 1498 – 1 January 1515
2628:30 August 1483 – 7 April 1498
2585:22 July 1461 – 30 August 1483
2498:6 December 1421 – 21 May 1471
2436:16 Sept 1380– 21 October 1422
2342:22 August 1350 – 8 April 1364
2281:1 April 1328 – 22 August 1350
1976:29 November 1314– 5 June 1316
1886:3 April 1245 – 5 October 1285
1784:14 July 1223– 8 November 1226
1754:21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223
1534:
1492:
1444:
1434:24 October 996 – 20 July 1031
1402:
1083:Carolingian dynasty (936–987)
983:. Sole king to die in battle
843:Carolingian dynasty (898–922)
823:
667:10 April 879 – 6 December 884
600:1 November 846 – 10 April 879
536:10 August 843 – 6 October 877
533:
384:Carolingian dynasty (843–887)
232:Style of the French sovereign
8938:. Paris. pp. xvi–xvii.
8813:Histoire de France allevysée
8680:Jackson, Richard A. (1995).
7922:(172–173). Madrid: 361–362.
5537:
4866:Hugh was also descendant of
4773:, who is also enumerated as
4636:List of presidents of France
3873:20 March 1811 – 22 July 1832
3654:20 March 1811 – 22 July 1832
3339:Great-grandson of Louis XIV
3032:House of Bourbon (1589–1792)
2862:31 March 1519 – 10 July 1559
2848:31 March 1547 – 10 July 1559
2595:3 July 1423 – 30 August 1483
1986:3 October 1289 – 5 June 1316
1843:until 1234. Died during the
1613:29 July 1108 – 1 August 1137
1569:4 August 1060 – 29 July 1108
1524:20 July 1031 – 4 August 1060
1273:. The two houses fought the
1086:
999:
920:
846:
757:
590:6 October 877 – 10 April 879
497:
188:in 843 until the end of the
7:
9694:Lists of monarchs in Europe
8575:The Valois: Kings of France
8485:. Slatkine. pp. 9–11.
8331:Bradford, James C. (2004).
8288:France Under Louis Philippe
8265:(in French). Vol. 40.
7720:Vial, Charles-Éloi (2014).
6176:Schieffer, Theodor (1977),
4599:
4524:
4263:Grandson of Louis-Philippe
4048:6 August 1775 – 3 June 1844
3828:15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821
3603:15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821
3437:27 March 1785 – 8 June 1795
3348:Ruled under the regency of
3268:). Died of natural causes.
3189:2 August 1589 – 14 May 1610
3172:"the Great" "the Good King"
2998:30 May 1574 – 2 August 1589
2638:30 June 1470 – 7 April 1498
2140:House of Valois (1328–1589)
1839:Ruled under the regency of
1704:Known for his rivalry with
1585:Ruled under the regency of
1385:1 June 987 – 24 October 996
1223:Died in a hunting accident
1055:and son-in-law of Robert I
1044:15 June 923– 14 January 936
966:and younger brother of Odo
917:Robertian dynasty (922–923)
882:3 January 898 – 29 June 922
748:Robertian dynasty (888–898)
674:Son of Louis the Stammerer
635:Son of Louis the Stammerer
628:10 April 879 – 5 August 882
557:13 June 823 – 6 October 877
295:French Constitution of 1791
242:French monarchs family tree
10:
9715:
8837:Babbitt, Susan M. (1985).
8764:Wellman, Kathleen (2013).
8375:. Dayton & Wentworth.
8075:Jacquin, Emmanuel (2000),
5553:Clovis chez les historiens
4994:proclaimed the deposition
4880:Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor
4518:claim to the French throne
4290:
4109:
3969:Attempted to rule under a
3960:; restored to the throne.
3897:
3838:. Exiled to the island of
3756:
3722:3 May 1814 – 20 March 1815
3670:
3583:18 May 1804 – 2 April 1814
3528:
3456:
3284:"the Great" "the Sun King"
3129:2 August 1589 – 9 May 1590
3035:
2953:27 June 1550 – 30 May 1574
2924:until his premature death
2201:The two houses fought the
2143:
2032:Posthumous son of Louis X
1801:Proclaimed king of England
1327:
1233:
993:
751:
387:
375:
235:
229:
28:
9665:
9646:
9620:
9582:
9556:
9510:
9485:
9406:
9317:
9213:
9089:
9059:
8535:Holoman, D. Kern (2004).
8479:Champion, Honoré (1976).
5655:Renaissance France at War
5619:. Springer. p. 182.
5595:Popular History of France
5590:Sewell, Elizabeth Missing
4679:" in the lists of French
4337:
4334:
4331:
4325:
4309:under the regnal name of
4280:pretender to the throne.
4211:; proclaimed king by the
4188:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4156:
4143:, the lower house of the
4058:pretender to the throne.
3941:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3909:
3799:
3780:
3777:
3774:
3768:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3682:
3575:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3544:
3507:French Revolution of 1848
3244:14 May 1610 – 14 May 1643
3181:
3140:. Proclaimed king by the
3098:
3095:
3092:
3086:
2788:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2750:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2671:
2352:April 1319 – 8 April 1364
2273:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2235:
2227:, a daughter of Louis X.
2090:Died without a male heir
1917:
1736:
1382:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1324:House of Capet (987–1328)
1277:over the issue, and with
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1053:Richard, Duke of Burgundy
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
990:Bosonid dynasty (923–936)
935:
932:
929:
926:
861:
858:
855:
852:
836:; died of natural causes
772:
769:
766:
763:
512:
509:
506:
503:
409:dux et princeps Francorum
225:
128:From top; left to right:
8904:. Political Philosophy.
8502:Dutton, Paul E. (1994).
8427:Castelot, André (1988).
8100:Humphreys, A.L. (1907).
8052:Eléments de paléographie
7025:29 February 2024 at the
6183:Neue Deutsche Biographie
6054:25 December 2010 at the
5991:25 December 2010 at the
5734:Reynolds, Susan (1984).
5719:Babcock, Philip (1993).
5706:Histoire de Napoléon III
4705:Not to be confused with
4671:are both enumerated as "
4651:
4328:
4322:
4159:
4153:
4112:House of Bourbon-Orléans
3912:
3906:
3771:
3765:
3685:
3679:
3610:Conquered most of Europe
3547:
3541:
3089:
3083:
2918:King consort of Scotland
2855:Son of Francis I, named
2753:
2747:
2674:
2668:
2290:Charles, Count of Valois
2238:
2232:
1698:1120 – 18 September 1180
1495:1007 – 17 September 1025
1453:Married thrice, getting
1347:
1341:
1318:House of Bourbon-Orléans
1207:2 March 986 – 22 May 987
1089:
1002:
955:29 June 922– 15 June 923
923:
849:
832:Defended Paris from the
760:
648:while riding his horse.
597:Son of Charles the Bald
500:
394:The Carolingians were a
376:For earlier rulers, see
372:Frankish kings (843–987)
9080:List of French monarchs
9004:Fierro, Alfred (1996).
8840:The France of Charles V
8810:Allevy, Alcide (1863).
8659:MacLean, Simon (2003).
8593:Knecht, Robert (2016).
8572:Knecht, Robert (2007).
8141:McCarty, L. P. (1890).
7003:28 January 2024 at the
6593:, pp. lxii–lxiii;
5704:Pascal, Adrien (1853).
3971:constitutional monarchy
3807:20 March – 22 June 1815
3389:constitutional monarchy
2779:"the Father of Letters"
2425:"the Mad" "the Beloved"
2221:French Wars of Religion
2075:1293/4 – 3 January 1322
1935:1268 – 29 November 1314
1631:war against the English
1441:Only son of Hugh Capet
1290:French Wars of Religion
1187:Died of natural causes
452:. He was also crowned "
313:) was used instead of "
186:Kingdom of West Francia
9586:(1814–1815; 1815–1830)
9075:List of Frankish kings
9070:Simplified family tree
8862:Bak, János M. (1990).
8725:Havet, Julien (1891).
8369:"The Rulers of France"
8249:Secondary bibliography
8045:de Wailly, E. (1838).
7886:Guinness World Records
7017:Amedée Hellot (1884).
6995:Hercule GĂ©raud (1843)
6336:6 October 2022 at the
6074:6 October 2022 at the
5681:Mystifying the Monarch
5652:Potter, David (2008).
5017:Guinness World Records
4751:was initially king of
4476:Second French Republic
4379:in 1848, made himself
4371:Nephew of Napoleon I;
4299:French Second Republic
4207:and distant cousin of
4128:and replaced him with
4124:of 1830 which deposed
4086:Grandson of Charles X
4041:(20 minutes; disputed)
2727:Briefly conquered the
2700:"Father of the People"
2396:Son of John II; named
2120:1294 – 1 February 1328
1306:restored to the throne
1139:921 – 10 September 954
891:Louis II the Stammerer
819:Ranulf II of Aquitaine
400:Arnulfing and Pippinid
378:List of Frankish kings
251:
174:
31:List of Frankish kings
8772:Yale University Press
8449:The Hundred Years War
8308:Bodin, Felix (1840).
8204:"Table Chronologique"
7739:10.3917/napo.141.0003
6565:Histoire de son temps
6310:29 March 2022 at the
6282:29 March 2022 at the
6264:, Vol 1, pp. 133–138.
6101:26 March 2023 at the
5884:, Vol 1, pp. 110–123.
5828:26 March 2023 at the
4381:Emperor of the French
4307:Emperor of the French
3863:22 June – 7 July 1815
3816:Emperor of the French
3599:Emperor of the French
3378:Grandson of Louis XV
3262:King of Lower Navarre
3214:King of Lower Navarre
3136:7x great-grandson of
2302:1293 – 22 August 1350
2188:Edward III of England
1952:. Remembered for his
1147:falling off his horse
728:839 – 13 January 888
568:Emperor of the Romans
454:Emperor of the Romans
338:Empereur des Français
334:Emperor of the French
236:Further information:
230:Further information:
172:
9065:Detailed family tree
8977:Engrand, H. (1816).
8446:Curry, Anne (1993).
8202:Thoison, E. (1888).
7838:www.archontology.org
7726:Napoleonica la Revue
7430:, pp. 103–122;
7240:, pp. 621–625;
7236:, pp. 102–122;
5761:Scales, Len (2012).
5223:Eleanor of Aquitaine
5086:king of East Francia
4440:Spanish renunciation
4293:Second French Empire
3387:Forced to install a
3064:Henry III of Navarre
2487:(disputed; 31 years)
2310:a succession dispute
2194:through his mother,
2190:being a grandson of
2174:through the ancient
2164:House of Plantagenet
1623:1081 – 1 August 1137
1537:1005 – 4 August 1060
1405:940 – 24 October 996
910:. Died in captivity
735:King of East Francia
677:866 – 6 December 884
566:since 838. Crowned "
190:Second French Empire
9501:Henry VI of England
8820:. pp. 75–105.
8392:Brunel, G. (2007).
7052:("19/20 November").
6650:, pp. 254–261.
6383:, pp. lix–lx;
5485:on 2 December 1804.
5344:Notre-Dame de Paris
5170:archbishop of Reims
4977:March on Versailles
4905:Guillaume de Nangis
4707:Louis II the German
4486:popular sovereignty
4456:popular sovereignty
4315:Franco-Prussian War
4256:24–26 February 1848
4213:Chamber of Deputies
4141:Chamber of Deputies
3956:Younger brother of
3866:(15 days; disputed)
3729:Younger brother of
3535:First French Empire
3491:Bourbon Restoration
3014:Initially ruler of
2805:cousin once removed
2592:Son of Charles VII
2466:Henry VI of England
2312:, which led to the
2207:Henry VI of England
2025:15–19 November 1316
1706:Henry II of England
1579:1052 – 29 July 1108
1338:
1304:, though they were
1279:Henry VI of England
826:858 – 3 January 898
737:since 876; crowned
716:Louis II the German
448:and most of modern
404:mayor of the palace
390:Carolingian dynasty
365:Henry VI of England
342:19th-century France
18:French royal family
9648:House of Bonaparte
9558:House of Bonaparte
9488:House of Lancaster
9054:Monarchs of France
9008:. Robert Laffont.
8183:Harvard University
8153:Harvard University
7132:, pp. 91–96;
6688:, pp. 16–20;
6662:, pp. 10–16;
6303:Annales Prumienses
5046:Holy Roman Emperor
4771:Charles the Simple
4761:Holy Roman Emperor
4508:union with Ireland
4259:(2 days; disputed)
4229:King of the French
4185:"the Citizen King"
4082:(7 days; disputed)
3883:, with his mother
3870:Son of Napoleon I
3836:Battle of Waterloo
3744:Flight to Varennes
3651:Son of Napoleon I
3647:(2 days; disputed)
3531:House of Bonaparte
3480:Napoleon Bonaparte
3397:executed in public
3295:Son of Louis XIII
3222:François Ravaillac
2821:patron of the arts
2360:Battle of Poitiers
2314:Hundred Years' War
2168:House of Lancaster
2156:Hundred Years' War
2037:four days he lived
1932:Son of Philip III
1841:Blanche of Castile
1830:Son of Louis VIII
1447:970 – 20 July 1031
1412:Duke of the Franks
1337:
1275:Hundred Years' War
1246:Duke of the Franks
1131:Charles the Simple
1075:Henry I of Germany
977:Battle of Soissons
889:Posthumous son of
815:Guy III of Spoleto
722:, and grandson of
638:863 – 5 August 882
430:King of the Franks
361:Hundred Years' War
330:House of Bonaparte
307:King of the French
220:Carolingian Empire
205:king of the Franks
175:
9676:
9675:
9637:Louis Philippe II
9560:(1804–1814; 1815)
8960:Old Regime France
8578:. A&C Black.
8085:978-2-85822-296-4
8038:Main bibliography
6778:, p. 29–32;
6726:, p. 20–22;
6121:, p. lviii;
6044:Annales Vedastini
6011:, p. lviii;
5984:Annales Vedastini
5747:978-0-19-821955-2
5602:. pp. 48–49.
4472:French Revolution
4460:French Parliament
4444:Treaty of Utrecht
4434:: descendants of
4410:
4409:
4393:
4368:
4284:
4283:
4270:
4260:
4253:
4248:Louis Philippe II
4225:
4200:
4145:French Parliament
4103:
4102:
4093:
4083:
4076:
4052:
4045:Son of Charles X
4042:
4035:
4006:
3996:
3967:
3953:
3891:
3890:
3877:
3867:
3860:
3832:
3811:
3750:
3749:
3740:
3726:
3673:First Restoration
3664:
3663:
3658:
3648:
3641:
3607:
3587:
3465:French Revolution
3450:
3449:
3441:
3423:
3416:
3385:
3375:
3346:
3336:
3302:
3292:
3258:
3248:
3211:
3200:; also nephew of
3193:
3179:
3154:
3144:in opposition to
3133:
3119:
3072:French Revolution
3029:
3028:
3024:own assassination
3012:
3002:
2988:
2965:Massacre of Vassy
2957:
2947:
2915:
2905:
2898:
2866:
2852:
2845:
2814:
2800:
2786:
2738:
2737:
2729:Kingdom of Naples
2725:
2715:
2659:
2658:
2642:
2632:
2599:
2589:
2556:
2542:
2509:several regencies
2502:
2488:
2472:
2450:
2443:Son of Charles V
2440:
2407:
2393:
2356:
2349:Son of Philip VI
2346:
2339:
2306:
2285:
2271:
2203:Hundred Years War
2137:
2136:
2124:
2114:
2079:
2069:
2062:
2029:
2022:
1990:
1983:Son of Philip IV
1980:
1939:
1929:
1915:
1890:
1880:
1873:
1837:
1827:
1798:
1791:Son of Philip II
1788:
1758:
1751:Son of Louis VII
1748:
1734:
1702:
1692:
1668:
1658:
1646:
1627:
1617:
1583:
1573:
1566:
1541:
1540:(aged approx. 55)
1531:Son of Robert II
1528:
1521:
1499:
1498:(aged approx. 18)
1489:Son of Robert II
1486:
1474:
1459:Duchy of Burgundy
1451:
1450:(aged approx. 60)
1438:
1409:
1408:(aged approx. 55)
1389:
1380:
1302:French Revolution
1227:
1226:
1221:
1211:
1185:
1181:941 – 2 March 986
1175:
1143:
1126:
1080:
1079:
1048:
1041:
987:
986:
973:
969:865 – 15 June 923
964:Robert the Strong
959:
914:
913:
904:
886:
840:
839:
830:
829:(aged approx. 40)
811:Robert the Strong
806:
799:
745:
744:
732:
711:
681:
671:
642:
632:
607:King of Aquitaine
604:
594:
564:King of Aquitaine
561:
540:
489:Holy Roman Empire
458:Holy Roman Empire
434:Charles the Great
414:Merovingian kings
195:Classical French
16:(Redirected from
9706:
9631:Louis Philippe I
9622:House of Orléans
9584:House of Bourbon
9512:House of Bourbon
9048:
9041:
9034:
9025:
9024:
9019:
9000:
8998:
8996:
8973:
8951:
8949:
8947:
8925:
8923:
8921:
8891:
8889:
8887:
8858:
8833:
8831:
8829:
8797:
8795:
8793:
8760:
8758:
8756:
8732:Revue historique
8721:
8719:
8717:
8676:
8655:
8653:
8651:
8622:
8620:
8618:
8589:
8568:
8566:
8564:
8531:
8529:
8527:
8498:
8496:
8494:
8475:
8473:
8471:
8442:
8423:
8421:
8419:
8388:
8386:
8384:
8360:
8358:
8356:
8327:
8325:
8323:
8304:
8302:
8300:
8278:
8276:
8274:
8262:Revue historique
8243:
8237:
8229:
8227:
8225:
8198:
8196:
8194:
8173:Peignot, Gabriel
8168:
8166:
8164:
8137:
8131:
8123:
8096:
8072:
8070:
8068:
8057:Ghent University
8032:
8020:
8014:
7998:
7992:
7976:
7970:
7958:
7952:
7942:
7936:
7935:
7933:
7931:
7908:
7902:
7901:
7899:
7897:
7878:
7872:
7860:
7854:
7853:
7851:
7849:
7830:
7824:
7812:
7806:
7790:
7781:
7765:
7756:
7755:
7753:
7751:
7741:
7717:
7711:
7695:
7689:
7669:
7663:
7643:
7637:
7617:
7611:
7591:
7585:
7565:
7559:
7539:
7533:
7513:
7507:
7501:
7495:
7489:
7483:
7477:
7471:
7451:
7445:
7425:
7419:
7399:
7393:
7369:
7363:
7344:, pp. 150;
7339:
7333:
7309:
7303:
7283:
7277:
7257:
7251:
7231:
7225:
7205:
7199:
7179:
7173:
7153:
7147:
7127:
7121:
7101:
7095:
7075:
7069:
7059:
7053:
7037:
7031:
7015:
7009:
6993:
6987:
6967:
6961:
6941:
6935:
6915:
6909:
6889:
6883:
6863:
6857:
6837:
6831:
6811:
6805:
6799:
6793:
6773:
6767:
6747:
6741:
6721:
6715:
6709:
6703:
6683:
6677:
6657:
6651:
6645:
6639:
6633:
6624:
6618:
6612:
6588:
6582:
6581:
6579:
6577:
6556:
6550:
6527:, p. lxii;
6522:
6516:
6492:
6486:
6458:
6452:
6424:
6418:
6417:, pp. 9–11.
6412:
6406:
6378:
6372:
6348:
6342:
6327:
6321:
6299:
6293:
6271:
6265:
6259:
6253:
6229:
6223:
6217:
6211:
6205:
6199:
6198:
6197:
6195:
6173:
6164:
6158:
6152:
6146:
6140:
6116:
6110:
6090:
6084:
6065:
6059:
6040:
6034:
6006:
6000:
5980:
5974:
5968:
5962:
5961:, p. lviii.
5956:
5950:
5940:
5934:
5931:McKitterick 1995
5928:
5919:
5891:
5885:
5879:
5873:
5845:
5839:
5817:
5811:
5797:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5786:
5758:
5752:
5751:
5731:
5725:
5724:
5716:
5710:
5709:
5701:
5695:
5694:
5676:
5670:
5669:
5649:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5610:
5604:
5603:
5586:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5575:
5547:
5526:
5519:
5513:
5510:
5504:
5501:
5495:
5492:
5486:
5479:
5473:
5470:
5464:
5461:
5455:
5452:
5446:
5443:
5437:
5434:
5428:
5425:
5419:
5416:
5410:
5407:
5401:
5398:
5392:
5389:
5383:
5380:
5374:
5371:
5365:
5362:
5356:
5353:
5347:
5340:
5334:
5331:
5325:
5322:
5316:
5313:
5307:
5304:
5298:
5295:
5289:
5286:
5280:
5277:
5271:
5268:
5262:
5259:
5253:
5250:
5244:
5241:
5235:
5232:
5226:
5219:
5213:
5210:
5204:
5201:
5195:
5192:
5186:
5183:
5177:
5174:Capetian dynasty
5158:
5152:
5149:
5143:
5140:
5134:
5131:
5125:
5122:
5116:
5113:
5107:
5104:
5098:
5095:
5089:
5082:
5076:
5073:
5067:
5064:
5058:
5055:
5049:
5042:
5025:
5012:
5006:
5001:Corps législatif
4986:
4980:
4973:
4967:
4961:
4955:
4952:
4946:
4939:
4933:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4912:
4901:
4895:
4892:
4883:
4864:
4858:
4839:
4833:
4830:
4824:
4821:
4812:
4808:
4802:
4799:
4793:
4790:
4784:
4746:
4740:
4737:
4731:
4728:
4722:
4703:
4697:
4690:
4684:
4683:German monarchs.
4662:
4464:Blancs d'Espagne
4432:Blancs d'Espagne
4413:Later pretenders
4391:
4366:
4361:
4347:
4320:
4319:
4268:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4223:
4198:
4193:
4183:Louis Philippe I
4178:
4151:
4150:
4130:Louis Philippe I
4091:
4081:
4074:
4067:
4050:
4040:
4033:
4025:
4004:
3994:
3982:
3965:
3951:
3946:
3931:
3904:
3903:
3875:
3865:
3858:
3851:
3830:
3809:
3804:
3790:
3763:
3762:
3738:
3724:
3719:
3704:
3677:
3676:
3656:
3646:
3644:4 – 6 April 1814
3639:
3632:
3605:
3585:
3580:
3566:
3539:
3538:
3499:Louis Philippe I
3439:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3383:
3373:
3361:
3344:
3334:
3321:
3300:
3290:
3277:
3256:
3251:Son of Henry IV
3246:
3233:
3209:
3191:
3186:
3175:
3165:
3152:
3146:Henry of Navarre
3131:
3126:
3117:
3108:
3081:
3080:
3056:Hercule François
3038:House of Bourbon
3020:Wars of Religion
3016:Poland–Lithuania
3010:
3000:
2995:
2984:
2975:
2955:
2945:
2933:
2913:
2908:Son of Henry II
2903:
2894:
2885:
2864:
2850:
2841:
2832:
2816:Remembered as a
2812:
2798:
2793:
2782:
2772:
2745:
2744:
2723:
2713:
2708:
2693:
2666:
2665:
2640:
2635:Son of Louis XI
2630:
2625:
2610:
2597:
2587:
2582:
2567:
2554:
2540:
2535:
2520:
2500:
2493:Treaty of Troyes
2486:
2482:21 October 1422–
2479:
2470:
2461:
2448:
2438:
2433:
2418:
2405:
2400:on 16 July 1349
2391:
2386:
2371:
2354:
2344:
2335:
2325:
2304:
2283:
2278:
2267:
2257:
2230:
2229:
2217:Treaty of Troyes
2122:
2112:
2099:
2077:
2067:
2058:
2048:
2027:
2018:
2015:"the Posthumous"
2008:
1988:
1978:
1972:"the Quarreller"
1965:
1937:
1927:
1922:
1911:
1901:
1888:
1883:Son of Louis IX
1878:
1869:
1859:
1835:
1825:
1812:
1796:
1786:
1773:
1756:
1746:
1741:
1732:Philippe Auguste
1730:
1720:
1700:
1695:Son of Louis VI
1690:
1677:
1666:
1661:Son of Louis VI
1652:
1644:
1625:
1620:Son of Philip I
1615:
1602:
1581:
1571:
1562:
1552:
1539:
1536:
1526:
1517:
1508:
1497:
1494:
1480:
1472:
1449:
1446:
1436:
1423:
1407:
1404:
1396:and grandson of
1387:
1376:
1366:
1339:
1336:
1310:Louis Philippe I
1294:House of Bourbon
1236:Capetian dynasty
1219:
1217:967 – 22 May 987
1209:
1203:"the Do-Nothing"
1196:
1183:
1178:Son of Louis IV
1173:
1157:
1141:
1124:
1111:
1087:
1059:Duke of Burgundy
1046:
1033:
1024:
1000:
971:
957:
945:
921:
902:
884:
871:
847:
828:
825:
804:
791:
782:
758:
729:
709:
692:
679:
669:
657:
640:
630:
618:
602:
592:
579:
559:
553:Treaty of Verdun
547:and grandson of
538:
535:
522:
498:
471:, which divided
469:Treaty of Verdun
323:popular monarchy
311:roi des Français
286:in 1515, and by
213:
211:
199:usually regards
122:
113:
104:
93:
84:
75:
64:
55:
46:
21:
9714:
9713:
9709:
9708:
9707:
9705:
9704:
9703:
9689:French monarchs
9679:
9678:
9677:
9672:
9661:
9642:
9616:
9578:
9552:
9506:
9481:
9408:House of Valois
9402:
9313:
9274:Charles the Fat
9233:Pepin the Short
9218:
9209:
9085:
9084:
9055:
9052:
9022:
9016:
8994:
8992:
8985:British Library
8970:
8945:
8943:
8930:d'Hozier, Louis
8919:
8917:
8896:Brougham, Henry
8885:
8883:
8876:
8855:
8827:
8825:
8818:British Library
8805:
8803:Further reading
8800:
8791:
8789:
8782:
8754:
8752:
8715:
8713:
8698:
8673:
8649:
8647:
8640:
8616:
8614:
8607:
8586:
8562:
8560:
8553:
8525:
8523:
8516:
8492:
8490:
8469:
8467:
8460:
8439:
8417:
8415:
8382:
8380:
8365:Brownell, Henry
8354:
8352:
8345:
8321:
8319:
8298:
8296:
8272:
8270:
8251:
8246:
8231:
8230:
8223:
8221:
8192:
8190:
8162:
8160:
8125:
8124:
8066:
8064:
8055:. Vol. 1.
8040:
8035:
8021:
8017:
8003:, p. 184;
7999:
7995:
7981:, p. 120;
7977:
7973:
7967:Henri Dieudonné
7959:
7955:
7947:, p. 454;
7943:
7939:
7929:
7927:
7912:Pinoteau, Hervé
7909:
7905:
7895:
7893:
7880:
7879:
7875:
7861:
7857:
7847:
7845:
7832:
7831:
7827:
7813:
7809:
7795:, p. 262;
7791:
7784:
7770:, p. 261;
7766:
7759:
7749:
7747:
7718:
7714:
7700:, p. 260;
7696:
7692:
7674:, p. 253;
7670:
7666:
7648:, p. 238;
7644:
7640:
7622:, p. 216;
7618:
7614:
7596:, p. 205;
7592:
7588:
7570:, p. 195;
7566:
7562:
7544:, p. 203;
7540:
7536:
7518:, p. 186;
7514:
7510:
7502:
7498:
7490:
7486:
7478:
7474:
7456:, p. 179;
7452:
7448:
7426:
7422:
7404:, p. 168;
7400:
7396:
7382:, p. 112;
7374:, p. 157;
7370:
7366:
7352:, p. 112;
7340:
7336:
7322:, p. 125;
7314:, p. 143;
7310:
7306:
7288:, p. 136;
7284:
7280:
7262:, p. 123;
7258:
7254:
7232:
7228:
7210:, p. 112;
7206:
7202:
7184:, p. 105;
7180:
7176:
7154:
7150:
7128:
7124:
7102:
7098:
7080:, p. 192;
7076:
7072:
7060:
7056:
7038:
7034:
7027:Wayback Machine
7016:
7012:
7005:Wayback Machine
6994:
6990:
6972:, p. 330;
6968:
6964:
6946:, p. 191;
6942:
6938:
6920:, p. 191;
6916:
6912:
6894:, p. 191;
6890:
6886:
6868:, p. 190;
6864:
6860:
6842:, p. 190;
6838:
6834:
6816:, p. 190;
6812:
6808:
6800:
6796:
6774:
6770:
6752:, p. 190;
6748:
6744:
6722:
6718:
6710:
6706:
6684:
6680:
6658:
6654:
6646:
6642:
6634:
6627:
6619:
6615:
6601:, p. 329;
6589:
6585:
6575:
6573:
6557:
6553:
6539:, p. 329;
6535:, p. 190;
6523:
6519:
6505:, p. 329;
6497:, p. lxi;
6493:
6489:
6475:, p. 329;
6471:, p. 189;
6463:, p. lxi;
6459:
6455:
6441:, p. 329;
6437:, p. 189;
6425:
6421:
6413:
6409:
6395:, p. 329;
6391:, p. 189;
6379:
6375:
6361:, p. 329;
6353:, p. lix;
6349:
6345:
6338:Wayback Machine
6328:
6324:
6312:Wayback Machine
6300:
6296:
6284:Wayback Machine
6272:
6268:
6260:
6256:
6242:, p. 329;
6230:
6226:
6218:
6214:
6206:
6202:
6193:
6191:
6174:
6167:
6159:
6155:
6147:
6143:
6129:, p. 227;
6125:, p. 189;
6117:
6113:
6103:Wayback Machine
6091:
6087:
6076:Wayback Machine
6066:
6062:
6056:Wayback Machine
6041:
6037:
6023:, p. 227;
6019:, p. 328;
6015:, p. 189;
6007:
6003:
5993:Wayback Machine
5981:
5977:
5969:
5965:
5957:
5953:
5945:, p. 189;
5941:
5937:
5929:
5922:
5908:, p. 328;
5904:, p. 189;
5892:
5888:
5880:
5876:
5862:, p. 328;
5858:, p. 189;
5846:
5842:
5830:Wayback Machine
5818:
5814:
5802:, p. 328;
5798:
5794:
5784:
5782:
5775:
5759:
5755:
5748:
5732:
5728:
5717:
5713:
5702:
5698:
5691:
5677:
5673:
5666:
5650:
5646:
5636:
5634:
5627:
5611:
5607:
5587:
5583:
5573:
5571:
5564:
5548:
5544:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5529:
5520:
5516:
5511:
5507:
5502:
5498:
5493:
5489:
5481:Napoleon I was
5480:
5476:
5471:
5467:
5462:
5458:
5453:
5449:
5444:
5440:
5435:
5431:
5426:
5422:
5417:
5413:
5408:
5404:
5399:
5395:
5390:
5386:
5381:
5377:
5372:
5368:
5363:
5359:
5354:
5350:
5341:
5337:
5332:
5328:
5323:
5319:
5314:
5310:
5305:
5301:
5296:
5292:
5287:
5283:
5278:
5274:
5269:
5265:
5260:
5256:
5251:
5247:
5242:
5238:
5233:
5229:
5220:
5216:
5211:
5207:
5202:
5198:
5193:
5189:
5184:
5180:
5159:
5155:
5150:
5146:
5141:
5137:
5132:
5128:
5123:
5119:
5114:
5110:
5105:
5101:
5096:
5092:
5083:
5079:
5074:
5070:
5065:
5061:
5056:
5052:
5043:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5028:
5013:
5009:
4987:
4983:
4974:
4970:
4962:
4958:
4953:
4949:
4940:
4936:
4931:
4927:
4919:
4915:
4902:
4898:
4893:
4886:
4872:Louis the Pious
4865:
4861:
4840:
4836:
4831:
4827:
4822:
4815:
4809:
4805:
4800:
4796:
4791:
4787:
4749:Charles the Fat
4747:
4743:
4738:
4734:
4729:
4725:
4711:Louis the Pious
4704:
4700:
4691:
4687:
4665:Louis the Pious
4663:
4659:
4654:
4602:
4597:
4595:
4527:
4415:
4394:
4390:
4365:
4305:, was declared
4295:
4289:
4274:Second Republic
4271:
4267:
4257:
4250:
4233:Second Republic
4226:
4222:
4217:July Revolution
4197:
4122:July Revolution
4118:
4110:Main articles:
4108:
4094:
4090:
4080:
4079:2–9 August 1830
4073:
4053:
4049:
4039:
4032:
4014:July Revolution
4010:Ultra-royalists
4007:
4003:
3993:
3968:
3964:
3950:
3902:
3896:
3878:
3874:
3864:
3857:
3833:
3829:
3808:
3761:
3755:
3741:
3737:
3723:
3675:
3669:
3659:
3655:
3645:
3638:
3614:successful wars
3612:in a series of
3608:
3604:
3584:
3537:
3529:Main articles:
3527:
3511:Second Republic
3484:Napoleonic Wars
3461:
3455:
3442:
3438:
3434:on 4 June 1789
3420:
3413:
3386:
3382:
3372:
3347:
3343:
3333:
3306:Anne of Austria
3303:
3299:
3289:
3259:
3255:
3245:
3212:
3208:
3190:
3174:
3155:
3151:
3142:Catholic League
3130:
3116:
3040:
3034:
3013:
3009:
2999:
2983:
2958:
2954:
2944:
2916:
2912:
2902:
2893:
2867:
2863:
2859:in August 1536
2849:
2840:
2815:
2811:
2797:
2781:
2743:
2726:
2722:
2712:
2664:
2643:
2639:
2629:
2600:
2596:
2586:
2557:
2553:
2539:
2505:King of England
2503:
2499:
2495:of 21 May 1420
2485:
2484:19 October 1453
2483:
2469:
2451:
2447:
2437:
2408:
2404:
2390:
2357:
2353:
2343:
2334:
2307:
2303:
2282:
2266:
2264:"the Fortunate"
2160:House of Valois
2148:
2146:House of Valois
2142:
2127:King of Navarre
2125:
2121:
2111:
2089:
2082:King of Navarre
2080:
2076:
2066:
2057:
2026:
2017:
1993:King of Navarre
1991:
1987:
1977:
1942:King of Navarre
1940:
1936:
1926:
1910:
1891:
1887:
1877:
1868:
1849:Catholic Church
1838:
1834:
1824:
1799:
1795:
1785:
1759:
1755:
1745:
1729:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1665:
1651:
1643:
1628:
1624:
1614:
1591:Count Baldwin V
1584:
1580:
1576:Son of Henry I
1570:
1561:
1542:
1538:
1525:
1516:
1496:
1483:under Robert II
1479:
1471:
1452:
1448:
1435:
1410:
1406:
1386:
1375:
1332:
1326:
1255:House of Valois
1251:Direct Capetian
1238:
1232:
1222:
1218:
1214:Son of Lothair
1208:
1186:
1182:
1172:
1165:
1144:
1140:
1123:
1118:"from Overseas"
1085:
1045:
1032:
998:
992:
974:
970:
956:
919:
905:
901:
897:in January 893
883:
845:
831:
827:
803:
790:
756:
750:
733:
730:
708:
682:
678:
668:
643:
639:
629:
605:
601:
591:
586:"the Stammerer"
562:
558:
545:Louis the Pious
537:
465:Louis the Pious
422:Pepin the Short
392:
386:
381:
374:
299:July Revolution
244:
234:
228:
208:
167:
166:
165:
164:
125:
124:
123:
115:
114:
106:
105:
96:
95:
94:
86:
85:
77:
76:
67:
66:
65:
57:
56:
48:
47:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9712:
9702:
9701:
9696:
9691:
9674:
9673:
9666:
9663:
9662:
9660:
9659:
9653:
9651:
9644:
9643:
9641:
9640:
9633:
9627:
9625:
9618:
9617:
9615:
9614:
9607:
9600:
9595:
9589:
9587:
9580:
9579:
9577:
9576:
9569:
9563:
9561:
9554:
9553:
9551:
9550:
9543:
9538:
9533:
9528:
9523:
9517:
9515:
9508:
9507:
9505:
9504:
9496:
9494:
9483:
9482:
9480:
9479:
9474:
9469:
9464:
9459:
9454:
9449:
9444:
9439:
9434:
9429:
9424:
9419:
9413:
9411:
9404:
9403:
9401:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9380:
9375:
9370:
9365:
9360:
9355:
9350:
9345:
9340:
9335:
9330:
9324:
9322:
9319:House of Capet
9315:
9314:
9312:
9311:
9306:
9301:
9296:
9291:
9286:
9281:
9276:
9271:
9266:
9261:
9256:
9251:
9246:
9240:
9235:
9229:
9227:
9211:
9210:
9208:
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9180:Childebert III
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9142:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9096:
9094:
9087:
9086:
9083:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9061:
9060:
9057:
9056:
9051:
9050:
9043:
9036:
9028:
9021:
9020:
9015:2-221--07862-4
9014:
9001:
8974:
8968:
8958:, ed. (2001).
8956:Doyle, William
8952:
8926:
8892:
8874:
8859:
8853:
8834:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8798:
8780:
8761:
8722:
8696:
8677:
8671:
8656:
8638:
8623:
8605:
8590:
8584:
8569:
8551:
8532:
8514:
8499:
8476:
8458:
8443:
8437:
8424:
8389:
8361:
8343:
8328:
8305:
8279:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8244:
8199:
8169:
8138:
8097:
8088:
8073:
8041:
8039:
8036:
8034:
8033:
8015:
8011:Louis Philippe
7993:
7989:Louis Philippe
7971:
7953:
7951:, p. 214.
7937:
7903:
7873:
7855:
7825:
7807:
7782:
7757:
7712:
7690:
7678:, p. 51;
7664:
7652:, p. 47;
7638:
7626:, p. 43;
7612:
7600:, p. 42;
7586:
7574:, p. 39;
7560:
7548:, p. 83;
7534:
7522:, p. 38;
7508:
7496:
7484:
7472:
7460:, p. 36;
7446:
7434:, p. 35;
7420:
7408:, p. 33;
7394:
7378:, p. 30;
7364:
7348:, p. 28;
7334:
7318:, p. 27;
7304:
7292:, p. 25;
7278:
7266:, p. 23;
7252:
7226:
7214:, p. 21;
7200:
7188:, p. 20;
7174:
7162:, p. 19;
7158:, p. 96;
7148:
7136:, p. 19;
7122:
7110:, p. 17;
7106:, p. 85;
7096:
7084:, p. 16;
7070:
7054:
7042:, p. 15;
7032:
7010:
7008:. pp. 430–431.
6988:
6976:, p. 15;
6962:
6950:, p. 14;
6936:
6924:, p. 12;
6910:
6898:, p. 11;
6884:
6872:, p. 10;
6858:
6832:
6806:
6794:
6768:
6742:
6716:
6704:
6678:
6652:
6640:
6625:
6613:
6597:, p. 10;
6583:
6551:
6531:, p. 10;
6517:
6501:, p. 10;
6487:
6467:, p. 10;
6453:
6433:, p. 10;
6429:, p. lx;
6419:
6407:
6387:, p. 10;
6373:
6357:, p. 10;
6343:
6322:
6294:
6266:
6254:
6238:, p. 10;
6234:, p. lv;
6224:
6212:
6210:, p. 194.
6200:
6165:
6163:, p. 126.
6153:
6141:
6111:
6085:
6060:
6035:
6001:
5975:
5973:, p. 327.
5963:
5951:
5935:
5933:, p. 137.
5920:
5900:, p. 10;
5896:, p. lv;
5886:
5874:
5854:, p. 10;
5850:, p. lv;
5840:
5812:
5806:, p. lv;
5792:
5773:
5753:
5746:
5726:
5711:
5696:
5689:
5671:
5664:
5644:
5625:
5605:
5581:
5562:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5528:
5527:
5523:never executed
5514:
5505:
5496:
5487:
5474:
5465:
5456:
5447:
5438:
5429:
5420:
5411:
5402:
5393:
5384:
5375:
5366:
5357:
5348:
5335:
5326:
5317:
5308:
5299:
5290:
5281:
5272:
5263:
5254:
5245:
5236:
5227:
5214:
5205:
5196:
5187:
5178:
5153:
5144:
5135:
5126:
5117:
5108:
5099:
5090:
5077:
5068:
5059:
5050:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5027:
5026:
5007:
4981:
4968:
4956:
4947:
4934:
4925:
4913:
4896:
4884:
4876:Pepin of Italy
4859:
4834:
4825:
4813:
4803:
4794:
4785:
4741:
4732:
4723:
4698:
4685:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4601:
4598:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4511:
4493:
4490:Third Republic
4479:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4404:Third Republic
4387:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4291:Main article:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4264:
4261:
4254:
4245:
4237:
4236:
4219:
4201:
4194:
4187:
4179:
4171:
4170:
4167:
4164:
4161:
4158:
4155:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4087:
4084:
4077:
4068:
4060:
4059:
4046:
4043:
4036:
4026:
4018:
4017:
4008:Leader of the
4000:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3975:
3974:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3932:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3898:Main article:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3871:
3868:
3861:
3852:
3844:
3843:
3826:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3791:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3757:Main article:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3705:
3697:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3671:Main article:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3652:
3649:
3642:
3633:
3625:
3624:
3601:
3593:following the
3588:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3559:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3543:
3526:
3523:
3519:Third Republic
3454:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3435:
3424:
3417:
3408:
3400:
3399:
3393:First Republic
3379:
3376:
3369:
3362:
3354:
3353:
3340:
3337:
3330:
3322:
3314:
3313:
3296:
3293:
3286:
3278:
3270:
3269:
3252:
3249:
3242:
3234:
3226:
3225:
3205:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3166:
3158:
3157:
3148:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3109:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3036:Main article:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3006:
3003:
2996:
2989:
2976:
2968:
2967:
2951:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2926:
2925:
2922:House of Guise
2909:
2906:
2899:
2886:
2878:
2877:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2833:
2825:
2824:
2808:
2801:
2794:
2787:
2773:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:Duchy of Milan
2719:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2694:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2636:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2611:
2603:
2602:
2593:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2568:
2560:
2559:
2550:
2549:in April 1417
2543:
2536:
2529:
2521:
2513:
2512:
2496:
2489:
2480:
2473:
2462:
2454:
2453:
2444:
2441:
2434:
2427:
2419:
2411:
2410:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2380:
2372:
2364:
2363:
2350:
2347:
2340:
2326:
2318:
2317:
2300:
2296:and cousin of
2292:, grandson of
2286:
2279:
2272:
2258:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2144:Main article:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2118:
2115:
2108:
2100:
2092:
2091:
2073:
2070:
2063:
2049:
2041:
2040:
2033:
2030:
2023:
2009:
2001:
2000:
1984:
1981:
1974:
1966:
1958:
1957:
1933:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1902:
1894:
1893:
1884:
1881:
1874:
1860:
1852:
1851:
1831:
1828:
1821:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1792:
1789:
1782:
1774:
1766:
1765:
1762:King of France
1752:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1721:
1713:
1712:
1710:Second Crusade
1696:
1693:
1686:
1678:
1670:
1669:
1662:
1659:
1655:under Louis VI
1648:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1621:
1618:
1611:
1603:
1595:
1594:
1577:
1574:
1567:
1553:
1545:
1544:
1532:
1529:
1522:
1509:
1501:
1500:
1490:
1487:
1476:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1455:excommunicated
1442:
1439:
1432:
1424:
1416:
1415:
1400:
1394:Hugh the Great
1390:
1383:
1381:
1367:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1330:House of Capet
1328:Main article:
1325:
1322:
1312:, king of the
1244:who served as
1234:Main article:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1215:
1212:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1188:
1179:
1176:
1169:
1158:
1150:
1149:
1137:
1127:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1025:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
994:Main article:
991:
988:
985:
984:
975:Killed at the
967:
960:
953:
946:
938:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
918:
915:
912:
911:
898:
887:
880:
872:
864:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
844:
841:
838:
837:
821:
807:
800:
783:
775:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
752:Main article:
749:
746:
743:
742:
726:
712:
705:
693:
685:
684:
675:
672:
665:
658:
650:
649:
636:
633:
626:
619:
611:
610:
598:
595:
588:
580:
572:
571:
555:
541:
531:
523:
515:
514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
477:Middle Francia
442:Central Europe
418:Charles Martel
388:Main article:
385:
382:
373:
370:
340:) was used in
315:King of France
227:
224:
212: 507–511
197:historiography
127:
126:
117:
116:
108:
107:
99:
98:
97:
88:
87:
79:
78:
70:
69:
68:
59:
58:
50:
49:
41:
40:
39:
38:
37:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9711:
9700:
9697:
9695:
9692:
9690:
9687:
9686:
9684:
9670:
9664:
9658:
9655:
9654:
9652:
9649:
9645:
9639:
9638:
9634:
9632:
9629:
9628:
9626:
9623:
9619:
9613:
9612:
9608:
9606:
9605:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9590:
9588:
9585:
9581:
9575:
9574:
9570:
9568:
9565:
9564:
9562:
9559:
9555:
9549:
9548:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9509:
9503:
9502:
9498:
9497:
9495:
9493:
9490:
9489:
9484:
9478:
9475:
9473:
9470:
9468:
9465:
9463:
9460:
9458:
9455:
9453:
9450:
9448:
9445:
9443:
9440:
9438:
9435:
9433:
9430:
9428:
9425:
9423:
9420:
9418:
9415:
9414:
9412:
9409:
9405:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9379:
9376:
9374:
9371:
9369:
9366:
9364:
9361:
9359:
9356:
9354:
9351:
9349:
9346:
9344:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9334:
9331:
9329:
9326:
9325:
9323:
9320:
9316:
9310:
9307:
9305:
9302:
9300:
9297:
9295:
9292:
9290:
9287:
9285:
9282:
9280:
9277:
9275:
9272:
9270:
9267:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9255:
9252:
9250:
9247:
9244:
9241:
9239:
9236:
9234:
9231:
9230:
9228:
9225:
9221:
9216:
9212:
9206:
9205:Childeric III
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9170:Theuderic III
9168:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9135:Childebert II
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9097:
9095:
9092:
9088:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9062:
9058:
9049:
9044:
9042:
9037:
9035:
9030:
9029:
9026:
9017:
9011:
9007:
9002:
8990:
8986:
8983:(in French).
8982:
8981:
8975:
8971:
8969:0-19-873129-9
8965:
8961:
8957:
8953:
8941:
8937:
8936:
8931:
8927:
8915:
8911:
8907:
8903:
8902:
8897:
8893:
8881:
8877:
8875:9780801469138
8871:
8867:
8866:
8860:
8856:
8854:9780871697516
8850:
8846:
8842:
8841:
8835:
8823:
8819:
8816:(in French).
8815:
8814:
8808:
8807:
8787:
8783:
8781:9780300178852
8777:
8773:
8769:
8768:
8762:
8750:
8746:
8742:
8738:
8734:
8733:
8728:
8723:
8711:
8707:
8703:
8699:
8697:9781512821604
8693:
8689:
8685:
8684:
8678:
8674:
8672:9781139440295
8668:
8664:
8663:
8657:
8645:
8641:
8639:9780521362924
8635:
8631:
8630:
8624:
8612:
8608:
8606:9781317122142
8602:
8599:. Routledge.
8598:
8597:
8591:
8587:
8585:9781852855222
8581:
8577:
8576:
8570:
8558:
8554:
8552:9780520236646
8548:
8544:
8540:
8539:
8533:
8521:
8517:
8515:9780803216532
8511:
8507:
8506:
8500:
8488:
8484:
8483:
8477:
8465:
8461:
8459:9781349227112
8455:
8452:. Macmillan.
8451:
8450:
8444:
8440:
8438:2-262-00545-1
8434:
8430:
8425:
8413:
8409:
8405:
8401:
8400:
8395:
8390:
8378:
8374:
8370:
8366:
8362:
8350:
8346:
8344:9781135950347
8340:
8337:. Routledge.
8336:
8335:
8329:
8317:
8313:
8312:
8306:
8294:
8290:
8289:
8284:
8280:
8268:
8264:
8263:
8258:
8254:
8253:
8241:
8235:
8219:
8215:
8211:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8188:
8184:
8181:(in French).
8180:
8179:
8174:
8170:
8158:
8154:
8150:
8149:
8144:
8139:
8135:
8129:
8121:
8117:
8113:
8109:
8105:
8104:
8098:
8095:
8094:
8089:
8086:
8082:
8078:
8074:
8062:
8058:
8054:
8053:
8048:
8043:
8042:
8030:
8026:
8025:
8019:
8012:
8008:
8007:
8002:
7997:
7990:
7986:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7968:
7964:
7963:
7957:
7950:
7946:
7945:Castelot 1988
7941:
7925:
7921:
7917:
7913:
7907:
7891:
7887:
7883:
7877:
7870:
7866:
7865:
7859:
7843:
7839:
7835:
7829:
7822:
7818:
7817:
7811:
7804:
7800:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7787:
7779:
7775:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7762:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7731:
7728:(in French).
7727:
7723:
7716:
7709:
7705:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7687:
7683:
7682:
7677:
7673:
7668:
7661:
7657:
7656:
7651:
7647:
7642:
7635:
7631:
7630:
7625:
7621:
7616:
7609:
7605:
7604:
7599:
7595:
7590:
7583:
7579:
7578:
7573:
7569:
7564:
7557:
7553:
7552:
7547:
7543:
7538:
7531:
7527:
7526:
7521:
7517:
7512:
7506:, p. 84.
7505:
7500:
7494:, p. 76.
7493:
7488:
7481:
7476:
7469:
7465:
7464:
7459:
7455:
7450:
7443:
7439:
7438:
7433:
7429:
7424:
7417:
7413:
7412:
7407:
7403:
7398:
7391:
7387:
7386:
7381:
7377:
7373:
7368:
7361:
7357:
7356:
7351:
7347:
7343:
7338:
7331:
7327:
7326:
7321:
7317:
7313:
7308:
7301:
7297:
7296:
7291:
7287:
7282:
7275:
7271:
7270:
7265:
7261:
7256:
7249:
7245:
7244:
7239:
7238:Bradford 2004
7235:
7230:
7223:
7219:
7218:
7213:
7209:
7204:
7197:
7193:
7192:
7187:
7183:
7178:
7171:
7167:
7166:
7161:
7157:
7152:
7145:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7131:
7126:
7119:
7115:
7114:
7109:
7105:
7100:
7093:
7089:
7088:
7083:
7079:
7074:
7067:
7063:
7058:
7051:
7047:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7029:
7028:
7024:
7021:
7014:
7007:
7006:
7002:
6999:
6992:
6985:
6981:
6980:
6975:
6971:
6966:
6959:
6955:
6954:
6949:
6945:
6940:
6933:
6929:
6928:
6923:
6919:
6914:
6907:
6903:
6902:
6897:
6893:
6888:
6881:
6877:
6876:
6871:
6867:
6862:
6855:
6851:
6850:
6846:, p. 8;
6845:
6841:
6836:
6829:
6825:
6824:
6820:, p. 6;
6819:
6815:
6810:
6804:, p. 29.
6803:
6798:
6791:
6787:
6786:
6782:, p. 5;
6781:
6777:
6772:
6765:
6761:
6760:
6756:, p. 4;
6755:
6751:
6746:
6739:
6735:
6734:
6730:, p. 3;
6729:
6725:
6720:
6714:, p. 17.
6713:
6708:
6701:
6697:
6696:
6692:, p. 2;
6691:
6687:
6682:
6675:
6671:
6670:
6666:, p. 1;
6665:
6661:
6656:
6649:
6644:
6637:
6632:
6630:
6623:, p. 43.
6622:
6617:
6610:
6606:
6605:
6600:
6596:
6592:
6587:
6571:
6567:
6566:
6561:
6555:
6548:
6544:
6543:
6538:
6534:
6530:
6526:
6521:
6514:
6510:
6509:
6504:
6500:
6496:
6491:
6484:
6480:
6479:
6474:
6470:
6466:
6462:
6457:
6450:
6446:
6445:
6440:
6436:
6432:
6428:
6423:
6416:
6415:Champion 1976
6411:
6404:
6400:
6399:
6394:
6390:
6386:
6382:
6377:
6370:
6366:
6365:
6360:
6356:
6352:
6347:
6340:
6339:
6335:
6332:
6326:
6319:
6316:
6313:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6298:
6291:
6288:
6285:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6270:
6263:
6258:
6251:
6247:
6246:
6241:
6237:
6233:
6228:
6222:, p. 84.
6221:
6216:
6209:
6204:
6189:
6185:
6184:
6179:
6172:
6170:
6162:
6157:
6151:, p. 79.
6150:
6145:
6138:
6134:
6133:
6128:
6124:
6120:
6115:
6108:
6104:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6089:
6082:
6078:
6077:
6073:
6070:
6064:
6057:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6039:
6032:
6028:
6027:
6022:
6018:
6014:
6010:
6005:
5998:
5997:Nonis Augusti
5994:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5979:
5972:
5967:
5960:
5955:
5949:, p. 10.
5948:
5944:
5939:
5932:
5927:
5925:
5917:
5913:
5912:
5907:
5903:
5899:
5895:
5890:
5883:
5878:
5871:
5867:
5866:
5861:
5857:
5853:
5849:
5844:
5837:
5834:
5831:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5816:
5810:, p. 10.
5809:
5805:
5801:
5796:
5780:
5776:
5774:9780521573337
5770:
5766:
5765:
5757:
5749:
5743:
5739:
5738:
5730:
5722:
5715:
5707:
5700:
5692:
5690:9789053567678
5686:
5682:
5675:
5667:
5665:9781843834052
5661:
5657:
5656:
5648:
5632:
5628:
5626:9783319118031
5622:
5618:
5617:
5609:
5601:
5597:
5596:
5591:
5585:
5569:
5565:
5563:9782600055925
5559:
5555:
5554:
5546:
5542:
5524:
5518:
5509:
5500:
5491:
5484:
5478:
5469:
5460:
5451:
5442:
5433:
5424:
5415:
5406:
5397:
5388:
5379:
5370:
5361:
5352:
5345:
5339:
5330:
5321:
5312:
5303:
5294:
5285:
5276:
5267:
5258:
5249:
5240:
5231:
5224:
5218:
5209:
5200:
5191:
5182:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5163:
5157:
5148:
5139:
5130:
5121:
5112:
5103:
5094:
5087:
5081:
5072:
5063:
5054:
5047:
5041:
5037:
5023:
5019:
5018:
5011:
5003:
5002:
4997:
4993:
4992:
4985:
4978:
4972:
4965:
4964:Lower Navarre
4960:
4951:
4944:
4938:
4929:
4922:
4917:
4910:
4906:
4900:
4891:
4889:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4863:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4838:
4829:
4820:
4818:
4807:
4798:
4789:
4782:
4778:
4777:
4772:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4745:
4736:
4727:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4708:
4702:
4695:
4689:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4661:
4657:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4519:
4515:
4512:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4420:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4388:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4363:
4360:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4341:
4338:Life details
4321:
4318:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4294:
4279:
4275:
4249:
4243:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4220:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4195:
4192:
4186:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4173:
4172:
4169:Life details
4152:
4149:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4117:
4116:July Monarchy
4113:
4098:
4072:
4066:
4061:
4057:
4038:2 August 1830
4030:
4024:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4001:
3998:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3976:
3972:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3948:
3945:
3939:
3938:"the Desired"
3937:
3933:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3922:Life details
3905:
3901:
3886:
3882:
3856:
3850:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3827:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3806:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3781:Life details
3764:
3760:
3745:
3735:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3712:
3711:"the Desired"
3710:
3706:
3703:
3699:
3698:
3695:Life details
3678:
3674:
3637:
3631:
3626:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3602:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3582:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3557:Life details
3540:
3536:
3532:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3495:July Monarchy
3492:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3460:
3445:
3433:
3429:
3412:
3406:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3380:
3377:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3352:, until 1723
3351:
3341:
3338:
3331:
3329:
3328:"the Beloved"
3327:
3323:
3320:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3297:
3294:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3250:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3206:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3188:
3185:
3178:
3173:
3171:
3167:
3164:
3160:
3159:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3125:
3115:
3114:
3107:
3102:
3099:Life details
3082:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3039:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3007:
3004:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2966:
2962:
2952:
2949:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2932:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2910:
2907:
2900:
2897:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2861:
2858:
2854:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2819:
2809:
2806:
2802:
2795:
2792:
2785:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2763:Life details
2746:
2734:
2730:
2720:
2717:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2687:
2684:Life details
2667:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2637:
2634:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2618:
2617:"the Affable"
2616:
2612:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2594:
2591:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2494:
2478:
2468:
2467:
2460:
2455:
2445:
2442:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2412:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2351:
2348:
2341:
2338:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2280:
2277:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2248:Life details
2231:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2172:primogeniture
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2150:The death of
2147:
2132:
2128:
2119:
2116:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2083:
2074:
2071:
2064:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2035:King for the
2034:
2031:
2024:
2021:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1985:
1982:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1934:
1931:
1924:
1921:
1914:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1895:
1885:
1882:
1875:
1872:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1832:
1829:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1793:
1790:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1750:
1743:
1740:
1733:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1694:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1656:
1647:
1645:(junior king)
1642:
1635:
1632:
1622:
1619:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1575:
1568:
1565:
1560:
1559:"the Amorous"
1558:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1533:
1530:
1523:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1484:
1475:
1473:(junior king)
1470:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1443:
1440:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1360:
1357:Life details
1340:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1314:July Monarchy
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1216:
1213:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1180:
1177:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1102:Life details
1088:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1015:Life details
1001:
997:
982:
978:
968:
965:
961:
954:
952:
951:
947:
944:
940:
939:
936:Life details
922:
909:
899:
896:
892:
888:
881:
879:
877:
873:
870:
866:
865:
862:Life details
848:
835:
822:
820:
816:
812:
808:
801:
798:
794:
789:
788:
784:
781:
777:
776:
773:Life details
759:
755:
740:
736:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
706:
704:
702:
698:
694:
691:
687:
686:
676:
673:
666:
664:
663:
659:
656:
652:
651:
647:
637:
634:
627:
625:
624:
620:
617:
613:
612:
608:
599:
596:
589:
587:
585:
581:
578:
574:
573:
569:
565:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
532:
530:
528:
524:
521:
517:
516:
513:Life details
499:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
444:, conquering
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:
405:
401:
397:
391:
379:
369:
366:
362:
358:
353:
351:
347:
344:, during the
343:
339:
335:
332:, the title "
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
301:in 1830, the
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:Francorum Rex
273:
269:
268:roi de France
265:
261:
257:
253:
252:Rex Francorum
249:
243:
239:
233:
223:
222:in the 800s.
221:
217:
206:
202:
198:
193:
191:
187:
183:
180:was ruled by
179:
171:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
121:
112:
103:
92:
83:
74:
63:
54:
45:
36:
32:
27:
19:
9668:
9657:Napoleon III
9635:
9609:
9602:
9571:
9545:
9499:
9491:
9486:
9447:Charles VIII
9215:Carolingians
9200:Theuderic IV
9190:Chilperic II
9185:Dagobert III
9165:Childeric II
9160:Chlothar III
9105:Childebert I
9091:Merovingians
9079:
9005:
8993:. Retrieved
8979:
8959:
8944:. Retrieved
8934:
8918:. Retrieved
8900:
8884:. Retrieved
8864:
8839:
8826:. Retrieved
8812:
8790:. Retrieved
8766:
8753:. Retrieved
8736:
8730:
8714:. Retrieved
8706:j.ctt1kgqwvd
8682:
8661:
8648:. Retrieved
8628:
8615:. Retrieved
8595:
8574:
8561:. Retrieved
8537:
8524:. Retrieved
8504:
8491:. Retrieved
8481:
8468:. Retrieved
8448:
8428:
8416:. Retrieved
8397:
8381:. Retrieved
8372:
8353:. Retrieved
8333:
8320:. Retrieved
8310:
8297:. Retrieved
8287:
8283:Blanc, Louis
8271:. Retrieved
8261:
8257:Alcan, FĂ©lix
8222:. Retrieved
8208:
8191:. Retrieved
8177:
8161:. Retrieved
8147:
8102:
8091:
8076:
8065:. Retrieved
8051:
8029:Napoleon III
8023:
8018:
8005:
8001:Holoman 2004
7996:
7983:
7974:
7961:
7956:
7940:
7928:. Retrieved
7919:
7906:
7894:. Retrieved
7885:
7876:
7863:
7858:
7846:. Retrieved
7837:
7828:
7815:
7810:
7797:
7772:
7748:. Retrieved
7729:
7725:
7715:
7708:Louis (XVII)
7702:
7693:
7680:
7667:
7654:
7641:
7628:
7615:
7602:
7589:
7576:
7563:
7549:
7537:
7524:
7511:
7499:
7487:
7475:
7462:
7449:
7436:
7423:
7410:
7397:
7384:
7367:
7354:
7337:
7324:
7307:
7294:
7281:
7268:
7255:
7242:
7229:
7216:
7203:
7190:
7177:
7164:
7151:
7138:
7125:
7112:
7099:
7086:
7073:
7062:Jackson 1995
7057:
7044:
7035:
7018:
7013:
6996:
6991:
6978:
6965:
6952:
6939:
6926:
6913:
6900:
6887:
6874:
6861:
6848:
6835:
6822:
6809:
6797:
6784:
6771:
6758:
6745:
6732:
6719:
6707:
6694:
6681:
6668:
6655:
6643:
6616:
6603:
6586:
6574:. Retrieved
6564:
6554:
6541:
6520:
6507:
6490:
6477:
6456:
6443:
6422:
6410:
6397:
6376:
6363:
6346:
6329:
6325:
6317:
6302:
6297:
6289:
6274:
6269:
6262:Jackson 1995
6257:
6244:
6227:
6220:MacLean 2003
6215:
6208:MacLean 2003
6203:
6192:, retrieved
6181:
6161:MacLean 2003
6156:
6144:
6131:
6114:
6107:Non. Decemb.
6093:
6088:
6079:I, p. 351. "
6067:
6063:
6042:
6038:
6025:
6004:
5983:
5978:
5966:
5954:
5938:
5910:
5889:
5882:Jackson 1995
5877:
5864:
5843:
5835:
5820:
5815:
5795:
5783:. Retrieved
5763:
5756:
5736:
5729:
5720:
5714:
5705:
5699:
5680:
5674:
5654:
5647:
5635:. Retrieved
5615:
5608:
5594:
5584:
5572:. Retrieved
5552:
5545:
5517:
5508:
5499:
5490:
5477:
5468:
5459:
5450:
5441:
5432:
5423:
5414:
5405:
5396:
5387:
5378:
5369:
5360:
5351:
5338:
5329:
5320:
5311:
5302:
5293:
5284:
5275:
5266:
5257:
5248:
5239:
5230:
5217:
5208:
5199:
5190:
5181:
5156:
5147:
5138:
5129:
5120:
5111:
5102:
5093:
5080:
5071:
5062:
5053:
5040:
5021:
5015:
5010:
4999:
4995:
4989:
4984:
4971:
4959:
4950:
4937:
4928:
4916:
4908:
4899:
4862:
4850:
4846:
4837:
4828:
4806:
4797:
4788:
4774:
4765:
4753:East Francia
4744:
4735:
4726:
4715:East Francia
4713:and king of
4701:
4688:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4660:
4416:
4399:
4352:Napoleon III
4350:
4311:Napoleon III
4296:
4182:
4136:
4134:
4119:
3985:
3935:
3885:Marie Louise
3840:Saint Helena
3814:Restored as
3793:
3759:Hundred Days
3708:
3617:
3569:
3515:Napoleon III
3488:
3477:First Consul
3462:
3364:
3325:
3308:until 1651.
3281:
3265:
3237:
3217:
3176:
3169:
3112:
3068:
3041:
2985:
2979:
2937:
2895:
2889:
2870:Italian Wars
2842:
2836:
2783:
2776:
2697:
2650:Italian Wars
2615:Charles VIII
2614:
2571:
2524:
2464:
2422:
2375:
2336:
2329:
2268:
2261:
2210:
2200:
2158:between the
2154:started the
2149:
2130:
2103:
2085:
2078:(aged 28–29)
2059:
2052:
2019:
2012:
1996:
1969:
1945:
1912:
1905:
1870:
1863:
1816:
1777:
1761:
1731:
1724:
1681:
1654:
1639:
1606:
1587:Anne of Kiev
1563:
1556:
1518:
1512:
1482:
1467:
1427:
1377:
1370:
1333:
1287:
1239:
1200:
1166:
1161:
1115:
1063:viking raids
1038:
1034:
1028:
948:
878:"the Simple"
875:
796:
792:
786:
731:(aged 48–49)
720:East Francia
700:
696:
660:
622:
583:
526:
485:East Francia
481:West Francia
462:
420:, whose son
407:
393:
354:
337:
327:
310:
292:
282:in 1499, by
275:
267:
260:Rex Franciae
259:
245:
216:West Francia
194:
176:
162:Napoleon III
35:
26:
9650:(1852–1870)
9624:(1830–1848)
9593:Louis XVIII
9573:Napoleon II
9514:(1589–1792)
9492:(1422–1453)
9437:Charles VII
9410:(1328–1589)
9284:Charles III
9269:Carloman II
9245:(Charles I)
9243:Charlemagne
9195:Chlothar IV
9150:Sigebert II
9140:Chlothar II
9125:Chilperic I
9115:Charibert I
8739:: 290–297.
7896:10 February
7803:Louis XVIII
7504:Knecht 2016
7492:Knecht 2016
7480:Knecht 2016
7380:Knecht 2007
7350:Knecht 2007
7330:Charles VII
7320:Knecht 2007
6403:Charles III
6250:Charles III
6149:Brunel 2007
6127:Dutton 1994
6021:Dutton 1994
5032:Coronations
4996:in absentia
4868:Charlemagne
4776:Charles III
4766:Charles III
4719:Charlemagne
4669:Charlemagne
4400:in absentia
4385:coup d'Ă©tat
4335:Succession
4166:Succession
3936:Louis XVIII
3919:Succession
3855:Napoleon II
3820:French Army
3778:Succession
3709:Louis XVIII
3692:Succession
3636:Napoleon II
3618:in absentia
3595:coup d'etat
3554:Succession
3497:, ruled by
3312:in history
3202:Charles (X)
3096:Succession
2876:tournament
2818:Renaissance
2760:Succession
2681:Succession
2525:Charles VII
2511:until 1437
2245:Succession
2184:their claim
1845:8th Crusade
1819:"the Saint"
1684:"the Young"
1593:until 1066
1430:"the Pious"
1354:Succession
1267:Plantagenet
1145:Died after
1099:Succession
1067:Lotharingia
1012:Succession
981:Charles III
933:Succession
876:Charles III
859:Succession
770:Succession
662:Carloman II
549:Charlemagne
510:Succession
487:became the
438:Charlemagne
9683:Categories
9567:Napoleon I
9547:Louis XVII
9526:Louis XIII
9472:Charles IX
9467:Francis II
9432:Charles VI
9398:Charles IV
9373:Philip III
9363:Louis VIII
9328:Hugh Capet
9321:(987–1328)
9254:Charles II
9238:Carloman I
9220:Robertians
9145:Dagobert I
9130:Sigebert I
9110:Chlothar I
8120:1047511953
8112:B004Z0M2K2
8106:. London.
7987:, p.
7949:Blanc 1848
7930:9 December
7848:9 December
7801:, p.
7778:Napoleon I
7776:, p.
7750:9 December
7706:, p.
7608:Louis XIII
7468:Charles IX
7442:Francis II
7428:Curry 1993
7234:Curry 1993
7222:Charles VI
7118:Charles IV
7064:, Vol II,
6932:Philip III
6880:Louis VIII
6648:Alcan 1892
6636:Havet 1891
6621:Bodin 1840
6341:I, p. 343.
6320:(2), 1292.
6178:"Karl III"
5870:Charles II
5533:References
4504:George III
4500:Hanoverian
4419:pretenders
4252:(claimant)
4227:Styled as
4205:Louis XIII
4097:legitimist
4075:(claimant)
4056:legitimist
4034:(claimant)
3859:(claimant)
3795:Napoleon I
3640:(claimant)
3571:Napoleon I
3503:Louis XIII
3473:Louis XVII
3457:See also:
3444:Imprisoned
3415:(claimant)
3411:Louis XVII
3247:(33 years)
3240:"the Just"
3238:Louis XIII
3118:(claimant)
3052:Charles IX
3048:Francis II
2938:Charles IX
2890:Francis II
2471:(claimant)
2423:Charles VI
2378:"the Wise"
2332:"the Good"
2298:Charles IV
2294:Philip III
2209:, enjoyed
2180:Philip III
2152:Charles IV
2106:"the Fair"
2104:Charles IV
2055:"the Tall"
1908:"the Fair"
1866:"the Bold"
1864:Philip III
1780:"the Lion"
1778:Louis VIII
1727:"Augustus"
1281:being for
1263:Edward III
1259:Philip III
754:Robertians
718:, king of
529:"the Bald"
527:Charles II
491:and later
158:Napoleon I
134:Hugh Capet
9604:Louis XIX
9598:Charles X
9541:Louis XVI
9531:Louis XIV
9477:Henry III
9457:Francis I
9452:Louis XII
9427:Charles V
9417:Philip VI
9378:Philip IV
9358:Philip II
9353:Louis VII
9333:Robert II
9264:Louis III
9226:(751–987)
9175:Clovis IV
9155:Clovis II
9093:(509–751)
8429:Charles X
8402:: 67–92.
8234:cite book
8128:cite book
7920:HidalguĂa
7869:Charles X
7686:Louis XVI
7676:Humphreys
7650:Humphreys
7634:Louis XIV
7624:Humphreys
7598:Humphreys
7572:Humphreys
7530:Henry III
7520:Humphreys
7458:Humphreys
7432:Humphreys
7406:Humphreys
7390:Francis I
7376:Humphreys
7360:Louis XII
7346:Humphreys
7316:Humphreys
7290:Humphreys
7274:Frances I
7264:Humphreys
7212:Humphreys
7186:Humphreys
7160:Humphreys
7144:Philip VI
7134:Humphreys
7108:Humphreys
7082:Humphreys
7040:Humphreys
6984:Philip IV
6974:Humphreys
6958:Philip IV
6948:Humphreys
6922:Humphreys
6896:Humphreys
6870:Humphreys
6854:Philip II
6844:Humphreys
6828:Louis VII
6818:Humphreys
6780:Humphreys
6754:Humphreys
6728:Humphreys
6700:Robert II
6690:Humphreys
6664:Humphreys
6595:de Wailly
6562:(1845) .
6529:de Wailly
6499:de Wailly
6465:de Wailly
6431:de Wailly
6385:de Wailly
6355:de Wailly
6236:de Wailly
6031:Louis III
5947:de Wailly
5898:de Wailly
5852:de Wailly
5808:de Wailly
5538:Citations
4921:Humphreys
4841:"Capet" (
4781:Charles V
4709:, son of
4677:Charles I
4510:in 1800).
4436:Louis XIV
4392:(aged 64)
4323:Portrait
4278:Orléanist
4269:(aged 56)
4224:(aged 76)
4209:Charles X
4154:Portrait
4126:Charles X
4092:(aged 62)
4051:(aged 68)
4029:Louis XIX
4005:(aged 79)
3987:Charles X
3966:(aged 68)
3958:Louis XVI
3907:Portrait
3876:(aged 21)
3831:(aged 51)
3810:(94 days)
3766:Portrait
3739:(aged 68)
3731:Louis XVI
3680:Portrait
3657:(aged 21)
3606:(aged 51)
3542:Portrait
3469:Louis XVI
3440:(aged 10)
3428:Louis XVI
3384:(aged 38)
3366:Louis XVI
3345:(aged 64)
3301:(aged 76)
3282:Louis XIV
3257:(aged 41)
3218:Henry III
3210:(aged 56)
3153:(aged 66)
3113:Charles X
3084:Portrait
3060:Henry III
3011:(aged 37)
2980:Henry III
2961:Catherine
2956:(aged 23)
2914:(aged 16)
2865:(aged 40)
2813:(aged 52)
2777:Francis I
2748:Portrait
2724:(aged 52)
2698:Louis XII
2669:Portrait
2641:(aged 27)
2598:(aged 60)
2555:(aged 58)
2501:(aged 49)
2449:(aged 53)
2406:(aged 43)
2376:Charles V
2355:(aged 45)
2305:(aged 57)
2262:Philip VI
2233:Portrait
2192:Philip IV
2176:Salic Law
2131:Charles I
2123:(aged 34)
2086:Philip II
1989:(aged 26)
1938:(aged 46)
1906:Philip IV
1889:(aged 40)
1836:(aged 56)
1797:(aged 39)
1757:(aged 57)
1725:Philip II
1701:(aged 60)
1682:Louis VII
1667:(aged 15)
1626:(aged 56)
1609:"the Fat"
1582:(aged 56)
1428:Robert II
1342:Portrait
1242:Robertian
1220:(aged 20)
1184:(aged 44)
1142:(aged 33)
1090:Portrait
1003:Portrait
972:(aged 58)
924:Portrait
903:(aged 50)
850:Portrait
761:Portrait
703:"the Fat"
680:(aged 18)
641:(aged 19)
623:Louis III
603:(aged 32)
560:(aged 54)
501:Portrait
328:With the
284:Francis I
280:Louis XII
272:Philip II
154:Louis XVI
150:Louis XIV
142:Francis I
9536:Louis XV
9521:Henry IV
9462:Henry II
9442:Louis XI
9393:Philip V
9368:Louis IX
9348:Louis VI
9343:Philip I
9299:Louis IV
9289:Robert I
9259:Louis II
9224:Bosonids
9100:Clovis I
8995:10 April
8989:Archived
8946:14 March
8940:Archived
8932:(1738).
8920:14 March
8914:Archived
8898:(1861).
8886:14 March
8880:Archived
8828:10 April
8822:Archived
8792:14 March
8786:Archived
8755:14 March
8749:Archived
8745:40939391
8716:14 April
8710:Archived
8650:14 March
8644:Archived
8617:14 April
8611:Archived
8563:14 March
8557:Archived
8526:10 April
8520:Archived
8493:10 April
8487:Archived
8470:10 April
8464:Archived
8418:10 April
8412:Archived
8408:23408518
8383:14 March
8377:Archived
8367:(1854).
8355:10 April
8349:Archived
8322:14 March
8316:Archived
8299:14 March
8293:Archived
8285:(1848).
8273:10 April
8267:Archived
8259:(1892).
8224:14 March
8218:Archived
8193:10 April
8187:Archived
8175:(1819).
8163:10 April
8157:Archived
8143:"France"
8067:10 April
8061:Archived
7979:Brownell
7924:Archived
7914:(1982).
7890:Archived
7842:Archived
7744:Archived
7732:(1): 3.
7660:Louis XV
7582:Henry IV
7551:Treccani
7416:Henry II
7300:Louis XI
7248:Henry VI
7092:Philip V
7030:. p. 26.
7023:Archived
7001:Archived
6906:Louis IX
6790:Louis VI
6764:Philip I
6576:14 March
6570:Archived
6513:Louis IV
6334:Archived
6308:Archived
6280:Archived
6188:archived
6137:Carloman
6099:Archived
6081:VIII id.
6072:Archived
6052:Archived
5989:Archived
5916:Louis II
5826:Archived
5779:Archived
5637:14 March
5631:Archived
5592:(1876).
5574:16 March
5568:Archived
4870:'s sons
4847:Cappetus
4811:January.
4600:See also
4525:Timeline
4417:Various
4396:Captured
4383:after a
4276:. Later
3430:; named
3326:Louis XV
3266:Louis II
3198:Louis IX
3170:Henry IV
3138:Louis IX
3076:republic
3044:Henry II
2896:François
2874:Jousting
2837:Henry II
2784:François
2731:and the
2572:Louis XI
2269:Philippe
2196:Isabella
2162:and the
2060:Philippe
2053:Philip V
2028:(4 days)
1946:Philip I
1913:Philippe
1871:Philippe
1817:Louis IX
1641:Philippe
1607:Louis VI
1564:Philippe
1557:Philip I
1398:Robert I
1298:Louis IX
1271:Isabella
1167:Lothaire
1116:Louis IV
1071:Lorraine
1035:Rodolphe
996:Bosonids
979:against
950:Robert I
584:Louis II
483:, while
432:. Under
396:Frankish
288:Henry II
201:Clovis I
182:monarchs
146:Henry IV
138:Louis IX
130:Robert I
9669:italics
9611:Henry V
9422:John II
9383:Louis X
9338:Henry I
9309:Louis V
9304:Lothair
9294:Rudolph
9249:Louis I
9120:Guntram
8906:Harvard
7793:Peignot
7768:Peignot
7698:Peignot
7672:Peignot
7646:Peignot
7620:Peignot
7594:Peignot
7568:Peignot
7546:Wellman
7542:Peignot
7516:Peignot
7454:Peignot
7402:Peignot
7372:Peignot
7342:Peignot
7312:Peignot
7286:Peignot
7260:Peignot
7208:Peignot
7196:Henry I
7182:Peignot
7170:John II
7156:Peignot
7130:Peignot
7104:Peignot
7078:Thoison
6970:McCarty
6944:Thoison
6918:Thoison
6892:Thoison
6866:Thoison
6840:Thoison
6814:Thoison
6802:Peignot
6776:Peignot
6750:Thoison
6738:Henry I
6724:Peignot
6712:Peignot
6686:Peignot
6660:Peignot
6609:Louis V
6599:McCarty
6591:Peignot
6537:McCarty
6533:Thoison
6525:Peignot
6503:McCarty
6495:Peignot
6473:McCarty
6469:Thoison
6461:Peignot
6439:McCarty
6435:Thoison
6427:Peignot
6393:McCarty
6389:Thoison
6381:Peignot
6359:McCarty
6351:Peignot
6240:McCarty
6232:Peignot
6194:21 July
6123:Thoison
6119:Peignot
6017:McCarty
6013:Thoison
6009:Peignot
5971:McCarty
5959:Peignot
5943:Thoison
5906:McCarty
5902:Thoison
5894:Peignot
5860:McCarty
5856:Thoison
5848:Peignot
5804:Peignot
5800:McCarty
5785:1 April
5600:Longman
5483:crowned
5168:by the
5022:Dauphin
5005:family.
4757:Germany
4675:" and "
4673:Louis I
4373:elected
4071:Henry V
3881:Austria
3818:by the
3432:Dauphin
3426:Son of
2857:Dauphin
2547:Dauphin
2398:Dauphin
2330:John II
2288:Son of
2225:Joan II
2212:de jure
1997:Louis I
1970:Louis X
1513:Henry I
1373:"Capet"
1201:Louis V
1162:Lothair
1135:England
1129:Son of
1065:. Lost
1051:Son of
1029:Rudolph
962:Son of
834:Vikings
809:Son of
739:Emperor
724:Louis I
714:Son of
697:Charles
543:Son of
493:Germany
473:Francia
450:Germany
319:Navarre
9388:John I
9012:
8966:
8872:
8851:
8778:
8743:
8704:
8694:
8669:
8636:
8603:
8582:
8549:
8512:
8456:
8435:
8406:
8341:
8118:
8110:
8083:
7066:p. 376
7050:John I
6560:Richer
6547:Lothar
6483:Rudolf
5771:
5744:
5687:
5662:
5623:
5560:
4943:Calais
4907:. The
4851:chappe
4759:) and
4332:Reign
4163:Reign
4095:Later
3916:Reign
3775:Reign
3689:Reign
3551:Reign
3505:. The
3093:Reign
2757:Reign
2678:Reign
2654:lintel
2242:Reign
2013:John I
1950:Joan I
1469:Hughes
1378:Hugues
1351:Reign
1265:, the
1096:Reign
1009:Reign
930:Reign
856:Reign
767:Reign
646:lintel
507:Reign
426:Papacy
350:second
270:) was
264:French
226:Titles
178:France
8741:JSTOR
8702:JSTOR
8404:JSTOR
7556:Carlo
6449:Eudes
6369:Eudes
6292:, 40.
5838:, 39.
5166:Paris
5162:Noyon
4991:SĂ©nat
4843:latin
4652:Notes
4506:upon
4502:King
4329:Arms
4326:Name
4160:Arms
4157:Name
3913:Arms
3910:Name
3772:Arms
3769:Name
3686:Arms
3683:Name
3548:Arms
3545:Name
3260:Last
3177:Henri
3090:Arms
3087:Name
2986:Henri
2843:Henri
2754:Arms
2751:Name
2675:Arms
2672:Name
2239:Arms
2236:Name
1519:Henri
1348:Arms
1345:Name
1093:Name
1073:) to
1039:Raoul
1006:Name
927:Name
853:Name
793:Eudes
764:Name
504:Name
446:Italy
363:when
346:first
317:(and
303:style
256:Latin
248:Latin
9222:and
9010:ISBN
8997:2022
8964:ISBN
8948:2022
8922:2022
8910:Bohn
8888:2022
8870:ISBN
8849:ISBN
8830:2022
8794:2022
8776:ISBN
8757:2022
8718:2022
8692:ISBN
8667:ISBN
8652:2022
8634:ISBN
8619:2022
8601:ISBN
8580:ISBN
8565:2022
8547:ISBN
8528:2022
8510:ISBN
8495:2022
8472:2022
8454:ISBN
8433:ISBN
8420:2022
8385:2022
8357:2022
8339:ISBN
8324:2022
8301:2022
8275:2022
8240:link
8226:2022
8195:2022
8165:2022
8134:link
8116:OCLC
8108:ASIN
8081:ISBN
8069:2022
7932:2023
7898:2023
7850:2023
7752:2023
6674:Hugh
6578:2022
6305:898.
6277:899.
6196:2023
6096:884.
6049:884.
5823:824.
5787:2022
5769:ISBN
5742:ISBN
5685:ISBN
5660:ISBN
5639:2022
5621:ISBN
5576:2022
5558:ISBN
4988:The
4874:and
4694:ides
4667:and
4297:The
4114:and
3824:Elba
3622:Elba
3533:and
3264:(as
3216:(as
2646:Anne
2337:Jean
2020:Jean
1995:(as
1944:(as
1589:and
1371:Hugh
817:and
797:Odon
701:III)
406:and
348:and
240:and
9279:Odo
8845:APS
7734:doi
6315:MGH
6287:MGH
5995:. "
5986:882
5833:MGH
4681:and
4375:as
4031:(?)
3486:.
2198:.
2129:as
2084:as
1285:.
1037:or
895:Odo
795:or
787:Odo
336:" (
309:" (
9685::
8987:.
8912:.
8908::
8878:.
8847:.
8843:.
8784:.
8774:.
8770:.
8747:.
8737:45
8735:.
8729:.
8708:.
8700:.
8690:.
8686:.
8642:.
8609:.
8555:.
8545:.
8541:.
8518:.
8462:.
8410:.
8396:.
8371:.
8347:.
8236:}}
8232:{{
8216:.
8206:.
8185:.
8151:.
8145:.
8130:}}
8126:{{
8114:.
8059:.
8049:.
8027:,
8024:EB
8009:,
8006:EB
7984:EB
7965:,
7962:EB
7918:.
7888:.
7884:.
7867:,
7864:EB
7840:.
7836:.
7819:,
7816:EB
7798:EB
7785:^
7773:EB
7760:^
7742:.
7730:19
7724:.
7703:EB
7684:,
7681:EB
7658:,
7655:EB
7632:,
7629:EB
7606:,
7603:EB
7580:,
7577:EB
7554:,
7528:,
7525:EB
7466:,
7463:EB
7440:,
7437:EB
7414:,
7411:EB
7388:,
7385:EB
7358:,
7355:EB
7328:,
7325:EB
7298:,
7295:EB
7272:,
7269:EB
7246:,
7243:EB
7220:,
7217:EB
7194:,
7191:EB
7168:,
7165:EB
7142:,
7139:EB
7116:,
7113:EB
7090:,
7087:EB
7048:,
7045:EB
6982:,
6979:EB
6956:,
6953:EB
6930:,
6927:EB
6904:,
6901:EB
6878:,
6875:EB
6852:,
6849:EB
6826:,
6823:EB
6788:,
6785:EB
6762:,
6759:EB
6736:,
6733:EB
6698:,
6695:EB
6672:,
6669:EB
6628:^
6607:,
6604:EB
6545:,
6542:EB
6511:,
6508:EB
6481:,
6478:EB
6447:,
6444:EB
6401:,
6398:EB
6367:,
6364:EB
6318:XV
6248:,
6245:EB
6180:,
6168:^
6135:,
6132:EB
6109:".
6083:."
6029:,
6026:EB
5923:^
5914:,
5911:EB
5868:,
5865:EB
5777:.
5629:.
5598:.
5566:.
4887:^
4845::
4816:^
4406:.
4016:.
3395:,
3224:.
3078:.
2316:.
1764:"
1535:c.
1493:c.
1445:c.
1403:c.
1320:.
824:c.
534:c.
460:.
266::
262:;
258::
250::
210:r.
203:,
160:,
156:,
152:,
148:,
144:,
140:,
136:,
132:,
9671:.
9217:,
9047:e
9040:t
9033:v
9018:.
8999:.
8972:.
8950:.
8924:.
8890:.
8857:.
8832:.
8796:.
8759:.
8720:.
8675:.
8654:.
8621:.
8588:.
8567:.
8530:.
8497:.
8474:.
8441:.
8422:.
8387:.
8359:.
8326:.
8303:.
8277:.
8242:)
8228:.
8197:.
8167:.
8136:)
8122:.
8087:)
8071:.
8031:.
8013:.
7991:.
7969:.
7934:.
7900:.
7871:.
7852:.
7823:.
7805:.
7780:.
7754:.
7736::
7710:.
7688:.
7662:.
7636:.
7610:.
7584:.
7558:.
7532:.
7470:.
7444:.
7418:.
7392:.
7362:.
7332:.
7302:.
7276:.
7250:.
7224:.
7198:.
7172:.
7146:.
7120:.
7094:.
7068:.
6986:.
6960:.
6934:.
6908:.
6882:.
6856:.
6830:.
6792:.
6766:.
6740:.
6702:.
6676:.
6638:.
6611:.
6580:.
6549:.
6515:.
6485:.
6451:.
6405:.
6371:.
6290:V
6252:.
6139:.
6105:"
6046:.
6033:.
5999:"
5918:.
5872:.
5836:V
5789:.
5750:.
5693:.
5668:.
5641:.
5578:.
5525:.
5346:.
5225:.
5176:.
5048:.
4945:.
4882:.
4857:.
4755:(
4478:.
4446:.
2088:.
1657:)
1653:(
1485:)
1481:(
1069:(
699:(
380:.
305:"
207:(
33:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
