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770:. The U.S. government ordered the wholesale arrest of Nationalist Party members including Paoli, who was not involved in the incident. Upon his incarceration in Rio Piedras prison without any visitor's privileges, Paoli initiated a hunger strike. On May 26, 1955, after ten months in jail and in poor health, Paoli was finally pardoned by Puerto Rican Governor
712:
On the basis of this "evidence" Paoli was fired from his professorship at the
University of Puerto Rico, and sentenced to a twenty-year prison term, which was later reduced to ten years. In jail, he shared his cell with Pedro Albizu Campos. Campos suffered from ulcerations on his legs and body caused
708:
and searched for guns and explosives. The only thing they found was a Puerto Rican flag but, due to the Gag Law, this enabled them to arrest and accuse Paoli of treason against the United States. The evidence used against him was the Puerto Rican flag in his home, and four speeches he'd made in favor
50:
782:
Paoli was named resident poet of
University of Puerto Rico and served as lecturer. In 1977, the Department of Hispanic Studies at the UPR campus in Mayagüez nominated him for the Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his substantial contribution to world literature. His critics consider his
733:(The Light of Heroes), which spoke about the Puerto Rican independence movement. Paoli's poetry also covered other aspects of human existence such as religion, mystic and spiritual experiences, love, death, solitude, social justice, suffering, freedom, the landscape, and his fellow Puerto Ricans.
539:, during the celebration of her baptism into the Catholic faith. Soon, Matos Paoli became Lebron's first boy friend and they would often write letters to each other where they exchanged the poetry that they wrote. Matos Paolí's family opposed their relationship because they considered Lebrón a
721:
While in prison, Paoli edited a newspaper which included news of political prisoners, poems, patriotic songs and drawings. During his confinement he suffered from hallucinations which resulted in a mental breakdown and he was sent to a
Psychiatric hospital. After his recovery, he wrote
560:, moved to San Juan, where she studied sewing and continued her romantic relationship with Matos Paoli. The relationship ended when Matos Paoli continued his postgraduate studies in the UPR and moved to Paris, France, for a year to study comparative literature at the
648:
and named Paoli
Secretary General of the party. Some of his duties as Secretary General of the party included the presentation of patriotic speeches. Due to the Gag Law, these duties placed Paoli on a collision course with the U.S. government.
632:, with anyone found guilty of disobeying the law in any way being subject to a sentence of up to ten years imprisonment, a fine of up to US$ 10,000 (equivalent to $ 127,000 in 2023), or both, for each offence. According to Dr.
1934:
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Paoli and Lebron remained lifelong friends and he wrote the foreword to one of her books of poems. In July 1982, Paoli was selected as one of fifty poets to attend the Sixth World
Congress of Poets held in
628:; or to organize any society, group or assembly of people with a similar destructive intent. It made it illegal to sing a patriotic song, and reinforced the 1898 law that had made it illegal to display the
524:
Matos Paoli received his primary and secondary education in his hometown. In high school he dedicated most of his time to reading classical literature. It was during his youth that he met
2004:
572:, he returned to Puerto Rico and in 1943 began a professorship in the Humanities Department of his alma mater, the University of Puerto Rico. He also became involved in
1349:
644:. He pointed out that the law as such was a violation of the civil rights of the people of Puerto Rico. In 1949, the Nationalist Party held an assembly in the town of
545:(peasant). Her father also opposed this relationship and ordered her to stop writing to Paoli. However, they both continued to write to each other until he moved to
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2039:
624:, signed it into law on June 10, 1948. Under this new law it became a crime to print, publish, sell, or exhibit any material intended to paralyze or destroy the
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and a Puerto Rican patriot. In 1950 he was imprisoned for having a Puerto Rican flag in his home, and for speaking on behalf of Puerto Rico's independence.
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568:. During this time he met Isabel Freire Meléndez, a fellow independence advocate who in 1942 became his wife. After he earned his master's degree in
556:
and earned his bachelor's degree in education with a major in
Spanish. Lebrón, who became a nationalist herself and led the 1954 attack against the
2014:
1628:
754:, together with three other members of the Nationalist Party, entered the visitor's gallery above the chamber in the House of Representatives in
1955:
1924:
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636:, a non-PPD member of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives, the law was repressive and was in violation of the First Amendment of the
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His mother died in 1930 when he was 15 years old. The death of his mother compelled him to write his first collection of poems, titled
205:
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Paoli's political activities and beliefs influenced his literary work. On May 21, 1948, a bill was introduced before the
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475:(March 9, 1915 – July 10, 2000), was a Puerto Rican poet, critic, and essayist who in 1977 was nominated for the
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912:(1915–2004), herself an educator and journalist, in San Juan. He became ill and was hospitalized at the
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726:(I Sing to Puerto Rico), and resumed his involvement with spiritual mysticism and Christianity.
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Matos Paoli was one of nine siblings born and raised on the family farm in the town of
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which would restrain the rights of the independence and nationalist movements on the
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1181:"War Against All Puerto Ricans: Revolution and Terror in America’s Colony"; Author:
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Latin
American and Caribbean Congress in Solidarity with Puerto Rico's Independence
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In 1951, he published a collection of poems in a book which he titled
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1972:
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608:, approved the bill. This bill, which resembled the anti-communist
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In 1989, the Manati
Foundation of Art and Culture of the town of
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books rooted in three major literary movements in Latin
America:
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24:
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Edward F. Ryan, The
Washington Post, March 2, 1954, pp.1, 12-13.
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879:
704:). On November 2, 1950, the police arrived at Paoli's home in
564:. In 1937, he published his second collection of poems titled
1226:
1015:
Dictionary of Literary Biography on Francisco Matos Paoli
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passed in the United States in 1940, became known as the
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Matos Paoli enrolled at the Polytechnical School of the
54:
Secretary General of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
596:. The Senate, which at the time was controlled by the
762:" ("Long Live a Free Puerto Rico!") and unfurled the
740:
Nationalists attack the U.S. House of Representatives
736:
Paoli was released on probation on January 16, 1952.
927:
2005:
Burials at Santa María Magdalena de Pazzis Cemetery
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Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Revolts of the 1950s
186:
Puerto Rican Nationalist Party revolts of the 1950s
1323:Puerto Rico Pro-Independence University Federation
1126:La Gobernación de Jesús T. Piñero y la Guerra Fría
652:In September 1950, Paoli traveled to the towns of
514:, Puerto Rico's first rebellion for independence.
795:. Amongst his published works are the following:
1986:
1136:
532:in its struggle for Puerto Rico's independence.
31: and the second or maternal family name is
2040:Imprisoned Puerto Rican independence activists
746:United States Capitol shooting incident (1954)
2035:Members of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
1212:
713:by radiation, and Paoli tended to his needs.
453:
16:Puerto Rican writer and independence advocate
1139:"No one expected attack on Congress in 1954"
1185:; Publisher: Nation Books (April 7, 2015);
766:. Subsequently, the group opened fire with
535:In 1933, Matos Paoli met fourteen-year-old
2030:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party politicians
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494:Paoli was also a Secretary General of the
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206:Attempted assassination of Harry S. Truman
148:Flag of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
48:
576:and founded a spiritualist center called
510:, a town which is historically known for
1313:Hostosian National Independence Movement
2015:Puerto Rican people of Corsican descent
1293:Independence Association of Puerto Rico
583:
1987:
1956:La Borinqueña by Lola Rodríguez de Tío
1900:Nationalist Party revolts of the 1950s
1350:Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional
558:United States House of Representatives
1925:U.S. Capitol shooting incident (1954)
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1233:Independence movement in Puerto Rico
1107:. Topuertorico.org. January 13, 1941
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211:1954 United States Capitol shooting
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2050:20th-century American male writers
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920:, where he died on July 10, 2000.
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862:(1983) "Towards the Deep Flight"
826:(1969) "The Wind and the Pigeon"
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528:and became inspired to join the
142:
1303:Puerto Rican Independence Party
1162:
1137:Associated Press (2004-02-29).
868:(1990) "A Vigil for the Virgin"
521:, which was published in 1931.
2010:People from Lares, Puerto Rico
1839:Teófilo Villavicencio Marxuach
1471:José "Aguila Blanca" Maldonado
1308:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
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802:(1952) "I Sing to Puerto Rico"
709:of Puerto Rican independence.
530:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
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496:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
427:Teófilo Villavicencio Marxuach
100:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
1:
1860:Ducoudray Holstein Expedition
1774:Pedro "Davilita" Ortiz Dávila
1534:Gilberto Concepción de Gracia
1386:María de las Mercedes Barbudo
994:
758:Lebron stood up and shouted "
407:Pedro "Davilita" Ortiz Dávila
1920:Truman assassination attempt
1298:Liberal Party of Puerto Rico
1075:Francisco Matos Paoli, poeta
979:List of Puerto Rican writers
905:(Poetry Pageants) to Paoli.
856:(1981) "Island for Children"
820:(1962) "Song to the Madness"
23:, the first or paternal
7:
2045:20th-century American poets
1910:San Juan Nationalist revolt
1519:Marie Haydée Beltrán Torres
923:
850:(1973) "A Face in the Star"
694:San Juan Nationalist revolt
598:Partido Popular Democrático
549:to continue his education.
196:San Juan Nationalist revolt
10:
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1288:Union Party of Puerto Rico
908:Paoli lived with his wife
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2025:Puerto Rican male writers
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1614:María de Lourdes Santiago
1609:Manuel Rodríguez Orellana
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1451:Antonio Valero de Bernabé
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901:, dedicated their annual
814:(1958) "Creature of Mist"
554:University of Puerto Rico
477:Nobel Prize in Literature
113:
109:Puerto Rican Independence
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73:
59:
47:
40:
1446:Arturo Alfonso Schomburg
1416:Francisco Ramírez Medina
1406:Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón
1058:Ribes Tovar et al., p.46
1049:Ribes Tovar et al., p.37
838:(1971) "The Rising Tide"
808:(1954) "Light of Heroes"
760:¡Viva Puerto Rico Libre!
1930:Cerro Maravilla murders
1875:Levantamiento de Ciales
1834:Carlos Vélez Rieckehoff
1754:Tomás López de Victoria
1739:Andres Figueroa Cordero
1729:Carmelo Delgado Delgado
1549:José M. Dávila Monsanto
1411:Antonio Mattei Lluberas
1401:Francisco Gonzalo Marín
1396:Eugenio María de Hostos
1366:Ramón Emeterio Betances
1281:Political organizations
989:Puerto Rican literature
844:(1972) "Song Book Pt.2"
372:Andres Figueroa Cordero
367:Carmelo Delgado Delgado
334:Carlos Vélez Rieckehoff
289:Tomás López de Victoria
128:Part of a series on the
1829:Antonio Vélez Alvarado
1724:Isabel Freire de Matos
1714:Juan Antonio Corretjer
1664:Margot Arce de Vázquez
1494:Antonio Rafael Barceló
1421:José Gualberto Padilla
1359:19th century activists
1339:Cadets of the Republic
1332:Militant organizations
1105:"Puerto Rican History"
910:Isabel Freire de Matos
891:Puerto Rico Ilustrado,
866:Decimario de la Virgen
768:semi-automatic pistols
580:(Light and Progress).
382:Isabel Freire de Matos
357:Margot Arce de Vázquez
329:Antonio Vélez Alvarado
269:Juan Antonio Corretjer
172:Cadets of the Republic
118:Isabel Freire de Matos
1789:Helen Rodríguez Trías
1769:Francisco Matos Paoli
1734:Raimundo Díaz Pacheco
1694:Rafael Cancel Miranda
1629:Carlos Alberto Torres
1529:Cayetano Coll y Cuchí
1485:20th and 21st century
1426:Lola Rodríguez de Tió
1240:Indigenous resistance
1039:Francisco Matos Paoli
984:List of Puerto Ricans
848:Rostro en la Estrella
824:El Viento y la Paloma
473:Francisco Matos Paoli
417:Helen Rodríguez Trías
299:Francisco Matos Paoli
279:Raimundo Díaz Pacheco
249:Rafael Cancel Miranda
89:San Juan, Puerto Rico
42:Francisco Matos Paoli
1880:Río Piedras massacre
1584:Filiberto Ojeda Ríos
1564:Víctor Manuel Gerena
1499:Félix Benítez Rexach
1344:Boricua Popular Army
1183:Nelson Antonio Denis
914:Hospital del Maestro
860:Hacia el Hondo Vuelo
584:Nationalist and poet
519:Signario de Lágrimas
432:Félix Benítez Rexach
351:Notable nationalists
162:Río Piedras massacre
1951:Grito de Lares flag
1844:Olga Viscal Garriga
1819:Clemente Soto Vélez
1809:Vidal Santiago Díaz
1719:José Ferrer Canales
1654:Pedro Albizu Campos
1604:Ángel Rivero Méndez
1589:Antonio S. Pedreira
1574:Luis Lloréns Torres
1569:Edwin Irizarry Mora
1441:Segundo Ruiz Belvis
854:Isla para los Niños
800:Canto a Puerto Rico
764:flag of Puerto Rico
724:Canto a Puerto Rico
630:Flag of Puerto Rico
590:Puerto Rican Senate
526:Pedro Albizu Campos
397:José Ferrer Canales
339:Olga Viscal Garriga
319:Clemente Soto Vélez
314:Vidal Santiago Díaz
229:Pedro Albizu Campos
223:Nationalist leaders
2020:Puerto Rican poets
1870:Intentona de Yauco
1824:Griselio Torresola
1779:Ruth Mary Reynolds
1674:Casimiro Berenguer
1624:Alejandrina Torres
1579:Oscar López Rivera
1544:Pedro Ortiz Dávila
1461:Fernando Fernandez
1456:Manuel Zeno Gandía
1091:2012-03-27 at the
938:Puerto Rico portal
832:(1970) "Song Book"
717:Political prisoner
626:insular government
604:) and presided by
570:Spanish literature
324:Griselio Torresola
304:Ruth Mary Reynolds
239:Casimiro Berenguer
156:Events and revolts
67:Lares, Puerto Rico
1982:
1981:
1894:Ley de la Mordaza
1784:Germán Rieckehoff
1699:José Coll y Cuchí
1646:Nationalist Party
1559:Leopoldo Figueroa
1509:Americo Boschetti
952:Literature portal
818:Canto a la Locura
812:Criatura de Rocío
806:Luz de los Héroes
750:On March 1, 1954
731:Luz de los Héroes
642:Freedom of Speech
640:which guarantees
634:Leopoldo Figueroa
614:Ley de la Mordaza
512:El Grito de Lares
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179:Ley de la Mordaza
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840:
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836:La Marea Sube
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793:Postmodernism
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778:Written works
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752:Lolita Lebrón
747:
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537:Lolita Lebrón
533:
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489:Postmodernism
486:
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463:
458:
456:
451:
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440:
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430:
428:
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422:Daniel Santos
420:
418:
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413:
410:
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403:
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398:
395:
393:
392:Isabel Rosado
390:
388:
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330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
294:Hugo Margenat
292:
290:
287:
285:
284:Lolita Lebrón
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
259:Oscar Collazo
257:
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90:
77:July 10, 2000
76:
72:
68:
63:March 9, 1915
62:
58:
51:
46:
39:
34:
30:
26:
22:
1971:
1893:
1794:Hiram Rosado
1768:
1764:René Marqués
1744:Irvin Flores
1709:Rosa Collazo
1644:Puerto Rican
1594:Pedro Pietri
1431:Manuel Rojas
1346:(Macheteros)
1252:Agüeybaná II
1164:
1153:. Retrieved
1149:the original
1142:
1132:
1121:
1111:November 20,
1109:. Retrieved
1099:
1081:
1054:
1045:
913:
907:
902:
895:Alma Latina.
894:
890:
887:
876:
865:
859:
853:
847:
841:
835:
829:
823:
817:
811:
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781:
759:
749:
735:
730:
728:
723:
720:
711:
651:
613:
597:
587:
577:
574:spiritualism
565:
551:
540:
534:
523:
518:
516:
505:
493:
472:
471:
402:René Marqués
387:Hiram Rosado
377:Irvin Flores
298:
264:Rosa Collazo
178:
134:Puerto Rican
32:
28:
21:Spanish name
2000:2000 deaths
1995:1915 births
1634:Iris Zavala
1619:Piri Thomas
1539:Juan Dalmau
1247:Agüeybaná I
873:Later years
785:Romanticism
706:Río Piedras
594:archipelago
502:Early years
481:Romanticism
1989:Categories
1155:2008-09-19
995:References
830:Cancionera
81:2000-07-11
1524:Roy Brown
1487:activists
888:Asomante,
789:Modernism
678:Naranjito
654:Cabo Rojo
610:Smith Act
485:Modernism
177:Gag Law (
1973:Claridad
1089:Archived
924:See also
918:Hato Rey
674:Mayagüez
658:Santurce
562:Sorbonne
547:San Juan
106:Movement
19:In this
1944:Symbols
1890:Gag Law
1272:Urayoán
1267:Jumacao
1257:Arasibo
696:), and
682:Arecibo
662:Guánica
646:Arecibo
618:Gag Law
79: (
25:surname
1853:Events
1262:Hayuya
1189:
899:Manatí
884:Athens
880:Madrid
791:, and
698:Jayuya
686:Utuado
542:jíbara
487:, and
114:Spouse
1965:Media
670:Ponce
666:Lares
508:Lares
33:Paoli
29:Matos
1187:ISBN
1113:2011
893:and
664:and
74:Died
60:Born
916:in
602:PPD
27:is
1991::
1141:.
1063:^
1021:^
1003:^
787:,
774:.
684:,
680:,
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672:,
660:,
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600:(
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83:)
35:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
