159:
671:
169:
1014:
152:
685:
25:
432:
and commercial agriculture in the
Russian Empire transformed many Estonian farmers into migrants. The pressures of industrialization drove numerous Estonian farmers to emigrate to the United States until Estonia became an independent country in 1918, at the end of World War I.
436:
During World War II, Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940–1941, and by Nazi
Germany in 1941–1944. In 1944, in the face of the country being re-occupied by the Soviet Red Army, 80,000 people fled from Estonia by sea to Germany and Sweden, becoming
907:
476:). This act and its 1950 revision allowed 11,000 Estonians into the United States between 1948 and 1952. Some of these refugees and their descendants started returning to Estonia at the end of the 1980s.
425:, and continued until the mid-20th century. However, it is difficult to estimate the number of Estonian-Americans before 1920, since they were often referred to as "Russians" in the national censuses.
1195:
1688:
1673:
1427:
413:
The first recorded arrival of immigrants from
Estonia (then part of Sweden) to what is now the United States occurred already in 1627 in the colony of
1899:
1894:
647:(June 5, 1943 — April 18, 2017) coined the term 'affective neuroscience', the name for the field that studies the neural mechanisms of emotion.
1889:
1098:
954:
749:
1527:
640:(born February 7, 1987), better known mononymously as Kerli, is an Estonian pop singer residing in the United States since 2005.
581:
89:
61:
770:
538:, and flutist Maarika Järvi, are prominent American musicians in their own right. Paavo Järvi is the chief conductor of the
845:
68:
1731:
713:
42:
868:
794:
108:
75:
1834:
1091:
902:
Tammaru, Tiit, Kaja Kumer-Haukanõmm, and Kristi
Anniste. "The formation and development of the Estonian diaspora."
421:. Emigration from Estonia started on a larger scale in the late 19th century, when Estonia was part of the former
1003:
947:
851:
Kulu, H. and
Tammaru, T. "Ethnic return migration from the East and the West: the case of Estonia in the 1990s",
606:
590:
is an
Estonian-born American award-winning television producer, known for her work on the American news program
1827:
844:
Gale
Encyclopedia of Multicultural America, edited by Thomas Riggs, (3rd ed., vol. 2, Gale, 2014), pp. 97-106.
57:
46:
1821:
539:
515:
1744:
1858:
1865:
1084:
745:
623:
1904:
940:
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Some thousand of them moved on from there and settled in the United States. After the war's end, these
341:
1791:
1655:
1629:
1185:
570:
492:
337:
550:
926:
914:
Rejecting the Second
Generation Hypothesis: Maintaining Estonian Ethnicity in Lakewood, New Jersey
1769:
708:
35:
82:
1842:
1678:
591:
461:
1762:
741:
1755:
1601:
1544:
1442:
1335:
1240:
986:
650:
523:
457:
742:"Table B04006 - People Reporting Ancestry - 2021 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates"
659:, born December 26, 1953, in Sweden but raised in New Jersey, was the President of Estonia.
1663:
1539:
1432:
1368:
1350:
1260:
1245:
1065:
998:
978:
676:
656:
301:
1013:
8:
1749:
1724:
1407:
1355:
1340:
1290:
1180:
1166:
1028:
993:
703:
519:
340:, around 29,000 Americans reported full or partial Estonian ancestry, up from 26,762 in
1683:
1549:
1517:
1512:
1502:
1492:
1476:
1447:
1437:
1417:
1397:
1270:
1235:
1151:
1121:
1107:
1044:
718:
698:
392:
289:
225:
1847:
1694:
1644:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1570:
1554:
1534:
1522:
1507:
1471:
1457:
1452:
1412:
1402:
1381:
1361:
1345:
1321:
1316:
1280:
1265:
1255:
1214:
1172:
1158:
897:
874:
864:
800:
790:
577:
449:
429:
313:
297:
293:
257:
139:
1376:
818:
535:
1781:
1636:
1609:
1575:
1497:
1306:
1275:
1250:
1209:
1190:
1131:
372:
253:
209:
561:, a materials scientist, is best known for his work in the development of mercury
1718:
1702:
1649:
1595:
1463:
1422:
1285:
1219:
1126:
634:(born January 24, 1977) is an Estonian living and working in the United States.
1668:
1201:
690:
566:
558:
422:
418:
653:(born February 13, 1979) is an American actress, fashion designer, and model.
600:
is an astronomer recognized for his research on the dynamics of galaxies. The
531:
507:
1883:
804:
644:
618:
614:
500:
465:
269:
158:
637:
549:
emigrated to United States in 1949. He is distinguished for his research in
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878:
333:
597:
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473:
453:
438:
273:
887:
Aspects of
Cultural Life: Sources for the Study of Estonians in America
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1076:
892:"Estonians" in Stephan Thernstrom, Ann Orlov and Oscar Handlin, eds.
527:
325:
321:
932:
24:
1797:
1615:
1327:
469:
963:
861:
The
Estonians in America, 1627-1975: a chronology & fact book
496:
402:
329:
233:
151:
452:
were allowed to immigrate to the United States and to apply for
1622:
241:
1137:
277:
837:
The Political Refugees: A History of Estonians in Canada
889:(New York: Estonian Learned Society in America, 1979).
859:
Pennar, Jaan; Parming, Tönu; Rebane, P. Peter (1975).
784:
666:
858:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
464:stipulated that 40% of the available visas go to “
643:Psychologist, psychobiologist and neuroscientist
1881:
328:ancestry, mainly descendants of people who left
894:Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups
131:
1092:
948:
771:People of Estonian Ancestry, U.S. 2000 Census
764:
580:, a successful editorial cartoonist, won the
842:Granquist, Mark A. "Estonian Americans." in
787:Encyclopedia of race, ethnicity, and society
1099:
1085:
955:
941:
167:
736:
734:
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
904:Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
819:"Estonians in North America, 1627-1896"
789:. SAGE Publications. pp. 448–450.
582:Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning
1900:European diaspora in the United States
1895:Estonian diaspora in the United States
1882:
1106:
752:from the original on 17 September 2022
731:
16:Americans of Estonian birth or descent
1080:
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621:for her performance in the 1938 film
613:In entertainment, singer and actress
885:Tannberg, Kersti, and Tönu Parming.
780:
778:
196:Regions with significant populations
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1890:American people of Estonian descent
484:For a more comprehensive list, see
13:
829:
14:
1916:
920:
775:
530:. His three children, conductors
479:
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683:
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157:
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23:
929:at Countries and Their Cultures
714:Estonia–United States relations
518:, as well as the international
34:needs additional citations for
839:(McClelland and Stewart, 1985)
811:
510:was the music director of the
1:
1159:German Mennonites from Russia
785:Schaefer, Richard T. (2008).
724:
569:, and the formulation of the
540:Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra
516:New Jersey Symphony Orchestra
332:before and especially during
495:descended from 17th-century
355:Estonian-American population
7:
746:United States Census Bureau
662:
357:as of the 2000 U.S. census
10:
1921:
1756:Alabama Creoles and Cajuns
553:, winning the prestigious
512:Detroit Symphony Orchestra
486:List of Estonian Americans
483:
347:
188:0.01% of the US population
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1679:Scots-Irish/Ulster Scots
906:36.7 (2010): 1157-1174.
610:are named in his honor.
551:organometallic chemistry
336:. According to the 2021
863:. Oceana Publications.
709:New York Estonian House
565:, high pressure liquid
317:
132:
617:was nominated for an
524:Het Residentie Orkest
468:” people (Estonians,
458:Displaced Persons Act
284:Related ethnic groups
1369:Norwegian Minnesotan
855:(2000) 52#2: 349�69.
677:United States portal
657:Toomas Hendrik Ilves
302:Lithuanian Americans
58:"Estonian Americans"
43:improve this article
1725:Non-Hispanic whites
853:Europe-Asia Studies
704:Hyphenated American
520:Gothenburg Symphony
126:
1750:French Louisianian
1152:Pennsylvania Dutch
1108:European Americans
927:Estonian Americans
916:(AMS Press, 1989).
719:Estonian Canadians
699:European Americans
607:Toomre Instability
555:Boris Pregel Award
428:The beginnings of
318:Ameerika eestlased
310:Estonian Americans
290:Estonian Canadians
133:Ameerika eestlased
125:Estonian Americans
124:
1905:Estonian diaspora
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1734:
1727:
1697:
1658:
1639:
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1604:
1466:
1371:
1364:
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1330:
1204:
1175:
1173:Hungarian Ohioans
1161:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1074:
1073:
578:Edmund S. Valtman
450:displaced persons
430:industrialization
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307:
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190:
119:
118:
111:
93:
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1864:
1857:
1852:
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1909:
1880:
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1878:
1873:
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1712:Other Europeans
1707:
1656:Irish Traveller
1559:
1486:Southern Europe
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1386:
1300:Northern Europe
1295:
1224:
1186:Liechtensteiner
1110:
1105:
1075:
1070:
1054:
1033:
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1008:
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912:Walko, M. Ann.
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602:Toomre sequence
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489:
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1828:Los Angeles
1545:Sammarinese
1528:before 1880
1443:Montenegrin
1336:Greenlandic
1241:Azerbaijani
651:Mena Suvari
598:Alar Toomre
563:porosimetry
547:Lauri Vaska
532:Paavo Järvi
508:Neeme Järvi
474:Lithuanians
454:citizenship
443:expatriates
441:and later,
324:who are of
1884:Categories
1822:California
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1433:Macedonian
1351:Lithuanian
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725:References
638:Kerli Kõiv
632:Johann Urb
588:Ene Riisna
506:Conductor
491:President
417:along the
415:New Sweden
393:Washington
383:New Jersey
363:California
270:Protestant
226:Washington
218:New Jersey
202:California
69:newspapers
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1815:By region
1740:Melungeon
1695:Wisconsin
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805:166387368
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1236:Armenian
1196:Silesian
1122:Austrian
987:Abkhazia
983:Georgia
966:diaspora
964:Estonian
835:Aun, K.
750:Archived
663:See also
545:Chemist
470:Latvians
373:New York
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274:Lutheran
264:Religion
258:Estonian
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1059:Oceania
999:Ukraine
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896:(1980)
879:1288426
403:Florida
348:History
330:Estonia
234:Florida
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1132:German
1045:Canada
994:Russia
972:Europe
908:online
898:Online
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592:20/20
460:from
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1669:Manx
1377:Sámi
875:OCLC
865:ISBN
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791:ISBN
758:2022
604:and
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342:1990
62:news
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