Generation - Knowledge

432:". Historian Hans Jaeger shows that, during the concept's long history, two schools of thought coalesced regarding how generations form: the "pulse-rate hypothesis" and the "imprint hypothesis." According to the pulse-rate hypothesis, a society's entire population can be divided into a series of non-overlapping cohorts, each of which develops a unique "peer personality" because of the time period in which each cohort came of age. The movement of these cohorts from one life-stage to the next creates a repeating cycle that shapes the history of that society. A prominent example of pulse-rate generational theory is Strauss and Howe's theory. Social scientists tend to reject the pulse-rate hypothesis because, as Jaeger explains, "the concrete results of the theory of the universal pulse rate of history are, of course, very modest. With a few exceptions, the same goes for the partial pulse-rate theories. Since they generally gather data without any knowledge of statistical principles, the authors are often least likely to notice to what extent the jungle of names and numbers which they present lacks any convincing organization according to generations." 447:, etc.—leave an "imprint" on the generation experiencing them at a young age), which can be traced to Karl Mannheim's theory. According to the imprint hypothesis, generations are only produced by specific historical events that cause young people to perceive the world differently than their elders. Thus, not everyone may be part of a generation; only those who share a unique social and biographical experience of an important historical moment will become part of a "generation as an actuality." When following the imprint hypothesis, social scientists face a number of challenges. They cannot accept the labels and chronological boundaries of generations that come from the pulse-rate hypothesis (like Generation X or Millennial); instead, the chronological boundaries of generations must be determined inductively and who is part of the generation must be determined through historical, quantitative, and qualitative analysis. 1304:, stated that "there is no empirical basis" for the contention "that differences within a generation are smaller than differences between generations." He argued that generational theories "seem to require" that people born at the tail end of one generation and people born at the beginning of another (e.g. a person born in 1965, the first year of Generation X, and a person born in 1964, the last of the Boomer era) "must have different values, tastes, and life experiences" or that people born in the first and last birth years of a generation (e.g. a person born in 1980, the last year of Generation X, and a person born in 1965, the first year of Generation X) "have more in common" than with people born a couple years before or after them. 1037:, although in general terms there is a certain assimilation to the generational structure of Strauss and Howe (and uncritically the majority of the media use it), there are substantial differentials, for historical reasons that (as established by the Generations theory) have marked the successive age cohorts in the Century XX. Firstly, neutrality during the First World War, which prevented it from suffering that social and cultural impact. Secondly, the Civil War and the subsequent dictatorship, which lasted four decades and, especially during its first decades, imposed strong political, social and cultural repression. And thirdly, neutrality during World War II. Thus, the sociologists 37: 464:

generation." Being able to take a closer looks at youth cultures and subcultures in different times and places adds an extra element to understanding the everyday lives of youth. This allows a better understanding of youth and the role generation and place play in their development. It is not where the birth cohort boundaries are drawn that is important, but how individuals and societies interpret the boundaries and how divisions may shape processes and outcomes. However, the practice of categorizing age cohorts is useful to researchers for the purpose of constructing boundaries in their work.

1085: 373:. This school focused on the individual qualitative experience at the expense of social context. Mannheim emphasised that the rapidity of social change in youth was crucial to the formation of generations, and that not every generation would come to see itself as distinct. In periods of rapid social change a generation would be much more likely to develop a cohesive character. He also believed that a number of distinct sub-generations could exist. According to Gilleard and Higgs, Mannheim identified three commonalities that a generation shares: 166: 726:, people born in the final years of communism and early years of capitalism (mid-1980s to mid-1990s) are known as "the children of the transition". They are believed to have had a difficult time adapting to the many changes in the country that occurred during the time they were growing into adulthood. Regime and economic changes and shifts from eastern to western cultural values and influences, among other factors, were things their parents, being from previous generations, could not prepare them for. 395:

experiences impinge upon a similarly 'stratified' consciousness. It is not difficult to see why mere chronological contemporaneity cannot of itself produce a common generation location. No one, for example, would assert that there was community of location between the young people of China and Germany about 1800. Only where contemporaries definitely are in a position to participate as an integrated group in certain common experiences can we rightly speak of community of location of a generation.

4428: 178: 544: 1324: 4442: 701:(or Gen Alpha for short) are the generation succeeding Generation Z. Researchers and popular media typically use the early 2010s as starting birth years and the mid-2020s as ending birth years. Generation Alpha is the first to be born entirely in the 21st century. As of 2015, there were some two-and-a-half million people born every week around the globe, and Gen Alpha is expected to reach nearly two billion in size by 2025. 116:. Serious analysis of generations began in the nineteenth century, emerging from an increasing awareness of the possibility of permanent social change and the idea of youthful rebellion against the established social order. Some analysts believe that a generation is one of the fundamental social categories in a society; others consider generation less important than class, gender, race, and education. 1116:, refers to a popular American cultural movement widely cited by social scholars as having laid the foundation of the pro-active American counterculture of the 1960s. It consisted of Americans born between the two world wars who came of age in the rise of the automobile era, and the surrounding accessibility they brought to the culturally diverse, yet geographically broad and separated nation. 341:, Comte suggested that social change is determined by generational change and in particular conflict between successive generations. As the members of a given generation age, their "instinct of social conservation" becomes stronger, which inevitably and necessarily brings them into conflict with the "normal attribute of youth"—innovation. Other important theorists of the 19th century were 369:. He suggested that there had been a division into two primary schools of study of generations until that time. Firstly, positivists such as Comte measured social change in designated life spans. Mannheim argued that this reduced history to "a chronological table". The other school, the "romantic-historical" was represented by Dilthey and 536:. Many variations may exist within these regions, both geographically and culturally, which means that the list is broadly indicative, but very general. The contemporary characterization of these cohorts used in media and advertising borrows, in part, from the Strauss–Howe generational theory and generally follows the logic of the 955:, characteristics of Russian generations are determined by fateful historical events that significantly change either the foundations of the life of the country as a whole or the rules of life in a certain period of time. Names and given descriptions of Russian generations: the Generation of Winners, the generation of the 669:. This cohort is generally defined as the people born from 1981 to 1996. The Pew Research Center defines this generation as those born from 1981 to 1996 and reports that in 2019, millennials outnumbered baby boomers in the United States, amounting to an estimated 71.6 million boomers and 72.1 million millennials. 459:

is not an exact science. We are mindful that there are as many differences in attitudes, values, behaviors, and lifestyles within a generation as there are between generations. But we believe this reality does not diminish the value of generational analysis; it merely adds to its richness and complexity.

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announced a change in their use of generation labels to "avoid reinforcing harmful stereotypes or oversimplifying people’s complex lived experiences", and said that, going forward, they will only conduct generational analysis when historical data is available that allows them to "compare generations

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asserted the belief that people are shaped through lived experiences as a result of social change. Howe and Strauss also have written on the similarities of people within a generation being attributed to social change. Based on the way these lived experiences shape a generation in regard to values,

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of the discord between generations by suggesting that society "persists despite the mortality of its individual members, through processes of demographic metabolism and particularly the annual infusion of birth cohorts". He argued that generations may sometimes be a "threat to stability" but at the

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Generational analysis has a long and distinguished place in social science, and we cast our lot with those scholars who believe it is not only possible, but often highly illuminating, to search for the unique and distinctive characteristics of any given age group of Americans. But we also know this

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One important contributing factor to the change in mentality was the change in the economic structure of society. Because of the rapid social and economic change, young men particularly were less beholden to their fathers and family authority than they had been. Greater social and economic mobility

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Another element of generational theory is recognizing how youth experience their generation, and how that changes based on where they reside in the world. "Analyzing young people's experiences in place contributes to a deeper understanding of the processes of individualization, inequality, and of

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Social generations are cohorts of people born in the same date range and who share similar cultural experiences. The idea of a social generation has a long history and can be found in ancient literature, but did not gain currency in the sense that it is used today until the 19th century. Prior to

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outlining what they saw as a pattern of generations repeating throughout American history. This theory became quite influential with the public and reignited an interest in the sociology of generations. This led to the creation of an industry of consulting, publishing, and marketing in the field

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offered another source of explanation for why generational tensions exist. Grenier asserted that generations develop their own linguistic models that contribute to misunderstanding between age cohorts, "Different ways of speaking exercised by older and younger people exist, and may be partially

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The fact that people are born at the same time, or that their youth, adulthood, and old age coincide, does not in itself involve similarity of location; what does create a similar location is that they are in a position to experience the same events and data, etc., and especially that these

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One of the implications is that the chronological boundaries often attributed to different generations ("Generation X", "Millennials" etc.) have little global validity since these boundaries are mostly based on shared Western, especially American, historical and sociocultural 'locations'.

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computer in the 1990s to describe people in their late 30s and early 40s who were born in the 1960s, and attended university/college in the 1980s, also called the "June 3, 1987 generation"), that witnessed the June uprising, the "April 19 generation" (that struggled against the

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in 1947 as India's major generational shift. People born in the 1930s and 1940s tended to be loyal to the new state and tended to adhere to "traditional" divisions of society. Indian "boomers", those born after independence and into the early 1960s, witnessed events like the

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allowed them to flout their authority to a much greater extent than had traditionally been possible. Additionally, the skills and wisdom of fathers were often less valuable than they had been due to technological and social change. During this time, the period between

1284:, a sociology professor at the University of Maryland, criticized the use of "generation labels", stating that the labels are "imposed by survey researchers, journalists or marketing firms" and "drive people toward stereotyping and rash character judgment." Cohen's 1064:

refers to Taiwanese people born after 1981 who "bruise easily" like strawberries—meaning they can not withstand social pressure or work hard like their parents' generation; the term refers to people who are insubordinate, spoiled, selfish, arrogant, and sluggish in

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There are psychological and sociological dimensions in the sense of belonging and identity which may define a generation. The concept of a generation can be used to locate particular birth cohorts in specific historical and cultural circumstances, such as the

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is all of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively. It also is "the average period, generally considered to be about 20–⁠30 years, during which children are born and grow up, become adults, and begin to have children." In

772:" (Chinese: 八零后世代 or 八零后) (born-after-1980 generation) are those who were born in the 1980s in urban areas of mainland China. Growing up in modern China, the Post-80s has been characterised by its optimism for the future, newfound excitement for 507:

the result is that the new generation will challenge the older generation's values, resulting in tension. This challenge between generations and the tension that arises is a defining point for understanding generations and what separates them.

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and a greater uncertainty in both employment income and relationship stability have all contributed to the increase of the generation length from the late 18th century to the present. These changes can be attributed to social factors, such as

1804:"Hans Jaeger. Generations in History: Reflections on a Controversy. Translation of "Generationen in der Geschichte: Überlegungen zu einer umstrittenen Konzeption," originally published in Geschichte und Gesellschaft 3 (1977), 429–452. p 275" 1045:

insert, between the Silent Generation and the Baby Boom Generation (which they also call the Protest Generation), what they call the Franco Generation (1929–1943), whose childhood and early youth was marked by war, post-war scarcity and

333:, suppression of local particularities) encouraged a broader sense of belonging beyond local affiliations. People thought of themselves increasingly as part of a society, and this encouraged identification with groups beyond the local. 1017:

regime in 1960), the "June 3 generation" (that struggled against the normalization treaty with Japan in 1964), the "1969 generation" (that struggled against the constitutional revision allowing three presidential terms), and the

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An English translation of his 1928 article came out as Karl Mannheim, "The Problem of Generations", in: Kecskemeti, Paul (ed.) Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge: Collected Works. Vol. 5. New York: Routledge. Quoted on pp.

648:(or Gen X for short) is the cohort following the baby boomers. The generation is generally defined as people born between 1965 and 1980. The term has also been used in different times and places for a number of different 3788: 3701: 3358: 839:, the Star Ferry Pier and the Queen's Pier, Choi Yuen Tsuen Village, real political reform (on 23 June), and a citizen-oriented Kowloon West Art district. Their discourse mainly develops around themes such as 4252: 228:, automation, and related individual-level variables, particularly a woman's educational attainment. Conversely, in less-developed nations, generation length has changed little and remains in the low 20s. 416:(corporations spent approximately 70 million dollars on generational consulting in the U.S. in 2015). The theory has alternatively been criticized by social scientists and journalists who argue it is non- 3550: 1108:

descent, who were forcibly removed from their families by Australian federal and state government agencies and church missions, under Acts of their respective parliaments between approximately 1869 and

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Several trends promoted a new idea of generations, as the 19th century wore on, of a society divided into different categories of people based on age. These trends were all related to the processes of

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was ended, are often referred to in media as the "born-free generation". People born after the year 2000 are often referred to as "Ama2000", a term popularized by music and a Coca-Cola advert.

286:. This encouraged the equation of youth with social renewal and change. Political rhetoric in the 19th century often focused on the renewing power of youth influenced by movements such as 1651:

Delayed childbearing: More women are having their first child later in life. NCHS data brief, no 21. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2009. Retrieved 14 April 2011.

4188: 835:" in outlook, and they are particularly vocal in issues such as urban development, culture and heritage, and political reform. Their campaigns include the fight for the preservation of 2561: 3581: 918:, literally "second generation to the Holocaust"). This term is particularly common in the context of psychological, social, and political implications of the individual and national 4012: 2934: 854:, the term decreței (from the Romanian language word decret, meaning "decree"; diminutive decrețel) is used to refer to those Romanians born during the period immediately following 3529: 1053:, it is common to talk about people based on the decades of their births: "40-talist" (a person that was born in the 1940s), "50-talist" (a person that was born in the 1950s), etc. 882:, generations tend to follow a pattern similar to the broad Western model, although there are still major differences, especially in the older generations. One interpretation sees 149:

signifies the entire body of individuals born and living at about the same time, most of whom are approximately the same age and have similar ideas, problems, and attitudes (e.g.,

3209: 2130: 2074: 3270: 2728: 1480: 1004:, generational cohorts are often defined around the democratization of the country, with various schemes suggested including names such as the "democratization generation", 2687: 1810: 306:. By the end of the 19th century, European intellectuals were disposed toward thinking of the world in generational terms—in terms of youth rebellion and emancipation. 3366: 910:, children of survivors and people who survived as babies are sometimes referred to as the "second generation (of Holocaust survivors)" (Hebrew: דור שני לניצולי שואה, 4244: 3945: 675:(or Gen Z for short and colloquially as "Zoomers"), are the people succeeding the Millennials and are generally defined as being born from 1997 to the early 2010s. 3431: 278:, which had been changing the face of Europe since the mid-18th century. One was a change in mentality about time and social change. The increasing prevalence of 3240: 828: 3546: 4069: 1418: 3723: 3975: 390:

Mannheim elaborated on the meaning of a generation's "location" (Lagerung), understood in a historical, economic and sociocultural sense. In 1928 he wrote:

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is a portmanteau blending the words Millennials and Generation Z to describe a microgeneration of people born from the early 1990s to the early 2000s.

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is a portmanteau blending the words Generation X and Millennials to describe a microgeneration of people born from the late 1970s to the early 1980s.

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The term generation is sometimes applied to a cultural movement, or more narrowly defined group than an entire demographic. Some examples include:

4130: 3664: 1966: 3612: 2846: 4180: 2554: 2524: 1148:, a term referring to the adolescents and young adults of the 1980s and early-mid 1990s who were heavily influenced by the television channel 974:" for their contributions to Singapore during the nation's earliest years. Likewise, those born between 1950 and 1959 are referred to as the " 489:

same time they represent "the opportunity for social transformation". Ryder attempted to understand the dynamics at play between generations.

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Tsvetkova G.A. Richly, beautifully, happily: the cultural strategies of everyday live "Generation Winners // Educational sciences – 2013 №6.

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Timeline of generations in the Western world according to the Pew Research Center – retirement age and life expectancy are approximate

4038: 4008: 102:, where it means "people within a delineated population who experience the same significant events within a given period of time." The term 4282: 2807: 1907: 1610: 626:(often shortened to Boomers), are the people born following World War II from 1946 to 1964. Increased birth rates were observed during the 4221: 2926: 173:

family—a child with her mother, grandmother, great-grandmother and great-great-grandmother. (photograph dated from book published in 1901)

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due to always being at the centre of parents' attention as well as the stress of having to be the sole provider once the parents retire.

3201: 1292:, which outlines his criticism of generational labels, received at least 150 signatures from other demographers and social scientists. 247:. Coalitions in families are subsystems within families with more rigid boundaries and are thought to be a sign of family dysfunction. 2115: 2043: 4381: 3038: 2724: 2597: 738: 3262: 3149: 2623: 256:

that, the concept "generation" had generally referred to family relationships and not broader social groupings. In 1863, the French

4099: 2958:"Drawings to explore faculties' and students' perceptions from different generations cohorts about dental education: A pilot study" 656:

since the 1950s. In the U.S., some called Xers the "baby bust" generation because of a drop in birth rates following the baby boom.

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era of the 1990s. A broader generational classification would be the "one-child generation" born between the introduction of the

3875: 3852: 1644: 3922: 1250:, Oregon Trail Generation, and Generation Catalano are terms used to describe individuals born during Generation X/Millennial 4315: 3339: 2016: 1592: 1509: 4390: 1264:, Zennials, Snapchat Generation, and MinionZ are terms used to describe individuals born during the Millennial/Generation Z 858:

signed in 1967, which restricted abortion and contraception, and was intended to create a new and large Romanian population.

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Four generations of one family: a baby boy, his mother, his maternal grandmother, and his maternal great-grandmother. (2008)

4825: 4474: 3836: 3785:"Shinsedae: Conservative Attitudes of a 'New Generation' in South Korea and the Impact on the Korean Presidential Election" 3698:"Shinsedae: Conservative Attitudes of a 'New Generation' in South Korea and the Impact on the Korean Presidential Election" 1933: 412: 3506: 3092: 1539: 1958: 990: 203:

is a group of living beings constituting a single step in the line of descent from an ancestor. In developed nations the

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Kwong wing-yuen (ed.), Zhan zai dan de yi bian, Xianggang bashihou, Hong Kong, UP Publications Limited, 2010, pp. 16–32.

2707: 1392: 1224:("the Lousy Generation") used by detractors to refer to student demonstrations in the 1990s against Education Ministers 4304:

Hannah L. Ubl; Lisa X. Walden; Debra Arbit (24 April 2017). "Chapter 13: Making Adjustments for Ages and Life Stages".

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Mannheim, Karl. (1952) 'The problem of generations', in K. Mannheim, Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge, London: RKP

1193: 963:, the first non-Soviet generation (the children of Perestroika, the Witnesses of Perestroika), the digital generation. 4729: 2909: 2780: 2759: 2455: 2332:

Grenier, Amanda (2007). "Crossing age and generational boundaries: Exploring intergenerational research encounters".

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Grenier, Amanda (2007). "Crossing age and generational boundaries: Exploring intergenerational research encounters".

2246: 2221: 1775: 1160: 831:, during which a group of young activists came to the forefront of Hong Kong's political scene. They are said to be " 789: 754: 499:

explained by social historical reference points, culturally determined experiences, and individual interpretations".

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in temporary and occasional jobs, unrelated to their educational background, and receive the minimum allowable base

662:, also known as Generation Y (or Gen Y for short), are the generation following Generation X who grew up around the 4724: 3731: 4446: 3982: 1135: 818: 627: 564:. The Lost Generation is defined as the cohort born from 1883 to 1900 who came of age during World War I and the 435:

Social scientists follow the "imprint hypothesis" of generations (i.e., that major historical events—such as the

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at similar stage of life" and "won’t always default to using the standard generational definitions and labels."

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report called "Millennials: Confident. Connected. Open to Change" noted the challenge of studying generations:

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designates Generation Z as those born 1997 to 2013. Generation Zers experienced the onset and effects of the

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Another important factor was the breakdown of traditional social and regional identifications. The spread of

2653: 630:, making them a relatively large demographic cohort. In the U.S., many older boomers may have fought in the 1989: 1197: 979: 612:. They were born from 1928 to 1945. In the U.S., this group includes most of those who may have fought the 480: 3810:

Caballero, Manuela; Baigorri, Artemio (2019). "Glocalising the theory of generations: The case of Spain".

3547:"$ 270 million in Medisave top-ups for eligible Pioneer Generation and Merdeka Generation seniors in July" 3063: 3877:

Future consumer tendencies and shopping behaviour: The development up until 2015-17. Research paper No. 1

948:, the term "the dessert generation" has been applied to the baby boomers and every generation afterwards. 635: 28: 4818: 4689: 4684: 4122: 3672: 3009: 1962: 1131: 975: 971: 232: 1214: 1159:

In Europe, a variety of terms have emerged in different countries particularly hard hit following the

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Miroshkina M.R. "Interpretations of the Generations Theory in the Context of Russian Education" //

3325: 2532: 1372: 1362: 919: 800:" in 2015. The lack of siblings has had profound psychological effects on this generation, such as 494: 4788: 4034: 1728:

Biggs, Simon (2007). "Thinking about generations: Conceptual positions and policy implications".

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in the early-1950s resulted in a minor baby boom (roughly 1953–1956) known as the "Ratkó era" (

584: 20: 4634: 1084: 812: 750: 4889: 4830: 4762: 4714: 1611:"Investing in education as a means and as an end: exploring the microfoundations of the MDGs" 1307:

In 2023, after a review of their research and methods, and consulting with external experts,

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ideas encouraged the idea that society and life were changeable, and that civilization could

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was the first philosopher to make a serious attempt to systematically study generations. In

4798: 4581: 4154:"Are you a Xennial? How to tell if you're the microgeneration between Gen X and Millennial" 1367: 926:. Some researchers have also found signs of trauma in third-generation Holocaust survivors. 440: 322:. This category of people was very influential in spreading the ideas of youthful renewal. 279: 2619: 450:

While all generations have similarities, there are differences among them as well. A 2007

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is in the high 20s and has even reached 30 years in some nations. Factors such as greater

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Jaeger, Hans (1985). "Generations in History: Reflections on a Controversial Concept".

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between 1975 and 1977 which made a number of them somewhat skeptical of the government.

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Women’s Reproductive Rights under State Socialism In Hungary: The Ratkó Era, 1950-1956

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are for the most part different from the same generation in mainland China. The term "

587:) came of age during the Roaring Twenties, while younger G.I.s came of age during the 329:

and many of the factors that created it (a national press, linguistic homogenisation,

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This article is about the social sciences concept. For generation of electricity, see

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All of the people born and living at about the same time period, regarded collectively

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Social Policy Division

1072:, it is common to talk about people based on the decades of the time they were teens. 758: 692: 684: 605: 444: 303: 271: 208: 182: 108: 3881: 3848: 1835:

Gilleard, Chris; Higgs, Paul (2002). "The third age: Class, cohort or generation?".

1642: 4704: 4644: 4555: 4532: 3918: 3880:. Denmark: Marianne Levinsen & Jesper Bo Jensen. pp. 13–17. Archived from 3819: 3397: 3305: 2977: 2969: 2430: 2410: 2381: 2341: 2298: 2271: 2058: 1844: 1737: 1682: 1674: 1464: 1123: 1119: 930: 888: 865:, the re-criminalization of abortion and the childless-tax policies implemented by 840: 832: 797: 793: 777: 698: 639: 588: 565: 370: 342: 330: 3310: 3293: 2386: 2369: 2020: 1590: 1505: 318:, usually spent at university or in military service, was also increased for many 263:

had defined a generation as "all people coexisting in society at any given time."

4851: 4497: 4394: 4305: 4275:"If You Don't Fit In With Gen X or Millennials You Might Be A Xennial"Ok Boomer"" 4216: 4092:"Γενιά των 600 € και "αγανακτισμένοι" της Μαδρίτης - βίοι παράλληλοι; - Πολιτική" 3533: 3510: 3454:"New Israeli Study Finds Signs of Trauma in Grandchildren of Holocaust Survivors" 2483: 1648: 1596: 1347: 1281: 1185: 1113: 836: 687:

have cited Pew's definition of 1997–2012 for Generation Z. In a 2022 report, the

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Youth and Generation Rethinking Change and Inequity in the Lives of Young People

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The Gay Marriage Generation: How the LGBTQ Movement Transformed American Culture

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Mannheim, Karl (1952). "The Problem of Generations". In Kecskemeti, Paul (ed.).

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Ryder, Norman (1965). "The cohort as a concept in the study of social change".

1531: 1329: 1300: 1145: 1005: 899: 730: 666: 653: 557: 556:, also known as the "Generation of 1914" in Europe, is a term originating from 525: 473: 417: 380:

Shared historical location: generation as actuality or exposure to a common era

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describes Generation Z as spanning from 1997 to 2012. Both the United States

529: 521: 358: 334: 291: 267: 257: 225: 866: 4527: 4517: 4512: 3504: 3039:"A generational portrait of Canada's aging population from the 2021 Census" 2991: 2592: 1696: 1445: 1295: 1174: 1153: 1139: 1026:

refers to the generation following Millennials in the Korean language. The

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and acceptance of its historic role in transforming modern China into an

773: 688: 659: 649: 631: 617: 561: 533: 436: 421: 326: 287: 177: 74: 4674: 4427: 3747:"Democratization, Civil Society, and the Civil Social Movement in Korea" 1770:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 203–209. 1599:

SF2.3: Mean age of mothers at first childbirth. Retrieved 15 April 2011.

1163:

to designate young people with limited employment and career prospects.

3093:"2019 Data Show Baby Boomers Nearly 9 Times Wealthier Than Millennials" 2422: 2310: 2070: 855: 613: 592: 91: 66: 4303: 1476: 608:, also known as the "Lucky Few", is the cohort who came of age in the 575:, also known in American usage as the "G.I. Generation", includes the 543: 4868: 3150:"Defining generations: Where Millennials end and Generation Z begins" 2487: 1009: 994: 967: 824: 808: 742: 485: 408: 384: 315: 311: 216: 186: 170: 95: 4333:"Opinion | Generation labels mean nothing. It's time to retire them" 3976:"The MetLife Study of Gen X: The MTV Generation Moves into Mid-Life" 3453: 2414: 2302: 2062: 1130:

of people born between 1954 and 1965. The term is used primarily in

57:

is a structural term, designating the parent–child relationship. In

4624: 4619: 4560: 4410:

Ulrike Jureit: "Generation, Generationality, Generational Research"

4359:"How Pew Research Center will report on generations moving forward" 4009:"From GIs To Gen Z (Or Is It iGen?): How Generations Get Nicknames" 3483: 3119:"Millennials overtake Baby Boomers as America's largest generation" 1468: 1247: 956: 785: 769: 734: 723: 576: 240: 3574:"South Africans vote in first election for 'born free' generation" 2839:"Opinion | Mr. Jones and Me: Younger Baby Boomers Swing Left" 1323: 361:

was a seminal figure in the study of generations. He elaborated a

4441: 3294:"Little Emperors or Frail Pragmatists? China's '80ers Generation" 1337: 1265: 1251: 1192:

of €500. This generation evolved in circumstances leading to the

1177: 862: 851: 712: 609: 58: 50: 3919:"Press Release: Generation Jones is driving NZ Voter Volatility" 2116:"Generations in History: Reflections on a Controversial Concept" 2044:"Generations in History: Reflections on a Controversial Concept" 4542: 3340:"Brands Struggle To Connect With China's 'Post-90s' Generation" 2157:

Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge: Collected Works, Volume 5

1616:. United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. Archived from 1342: 1189: 1181: 1069: 1057: 1050: 952: 945: 895: 801: 4452: 4181:"The Biggest Difference Between Millennials and My Generation" 3064:"Millennials cheer New Zealand lawmaker's 'OK, Boomer' remark" 2370:"Marketing to the (new) generations: summary and perspectives" 753:". The generation was named after the President and long-term 4212:"Xennials, The Microgeneration Between Gen X And Millennials" 1034: 879: 765: 383:

Shared sociocultural location: generational consciousness or

129: 3724:"Social cohesion Ideological differences divide generations" 2368:

Chaney, Damien; Touzani, Mourad; Ben Slimane, Karim (2017).

1450:"Mannheim's Sociology of Generations: An undervalued legacy" 3202:"Meet Generation Alpha, the 9-year-olds shaping our future" 2927:"After Gen X, Millennials, what should next generation be?" 377:

Shared temporal location: generational site or birth cohort

1218:(the "Scraping-By Generation"); a twist on the older term 3837:

Track the History Timeline on the Australian Human Rights

3037:

Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 April 2022).

2955: 2747:

Generations: The History of Americas Future, 1584 to 2069

2494:

Generations: The History of Americas Future. 1584 to 2069

1149: 221: 2898:

Jackson Ii, Ronald L.; Hogg, Michael A. (29 June 2010).

2891: 2792:

Great Expectations: America and the Baby Boom Generation

2367: 745:

which started in the early 1970s, during the period of "

715:, people born after the country's independence from the 595:

wrote about American members of this cohort in his book

583:. They were born from 1901 to 1927; older G.I.s (or the 2187:"The Millennials. Confident, Connected. Open to Change" 2101:

Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584–2069

1872:

Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie

1870:

Mannheim, Karl (1928). "Das Problem der Generationen".

829:

opposition to the Guangzhou-Hong Kong Express Rail Link

2185:

Taylor, Paul; Keeter, Scott, eds. (24 February 2010).

1242:

In Italy the term "generation of 1,000 euros" is used.

112:, is widely used in popular culture and is a basis of 1723: 1721: 3946:"Generation Jones comes of age in time for election" 3428:"Generational Differences Between India and the U.S" 3263:"Baby boom and immigration prop up Czech population" 3036: 2588:"One last time they gather, the Greatest Generation" 1319: 4393:. Society for Cultural Anthropology. Archived from 4382:"This Year, Millennials Will Overtake Baby Boomers" 2725:"This year, Millennials will overtake Baby Boomers" 1663:"Theoretical Perspectives on Sibling Relationships" 1506:"Generate | Define Generate at Dictionary.com" 1180:of urban centers who generally fail to establish a 1030:

are mostly free from ideological or political bias.

719:

in 1991 are known as the "Independence generation".

3921:. Scoop Independent News (NZ). 13 September 2005. 3413:, in Monostori, J. - Őri, P. - Spéder, Zs. (eds.) 3176:"The substantial impact COVID-19 has had on Gen Z" 2491: 1718: 1660: 970:, people born before 1949 are referred to as the " 642:) came of age in the "malaise" years of the 1970s. 3809: 3003: 3001: 2498:. New York: William Morrow and Company. pp. 1661:Whiteman, S. D.; McHale, S. M.; Soli, A. (2011). 616:and many of those who may have fought during the 4881: 4388: 3787:. East-West Centre. Hankook Ilbo. Archived from 3285: 3032: 3030: 1963:"What's the Matter With Kids Today? Not a Thing" 1532:"Definition of generation | Dictionary.com" 3430:. Blogs.harvardbusiness.org. 28 February 2009. 3318: 2956:Grazziotin-Soares, R.; Ardenghi, D. M. (2022). 2775:. Toronto: Univ Of Toronto Press. p. xiv. 1934:"It's Time to Stop Talking About "Generations"" 1411:"Generational Insights and the Speed of Change" 827:between 2009 and 2010, particularly during the 2998: 2897: 2241:. London: Sage Publications Ltd. p. 122. 1927: 1925: 4468: 4035:"MTV: Rewinding 20 years of music revolution" 3027: 1834: 510: 4379: 4120: 3873: 3411:Structure and Future of Hungary’s Population 2184: 2169: 2017:"The Generation Gap: More Myth Than Reality" 492:Amanda Grenier in a 2007 essay published in 4209: 3692: 3690: 3326:"Post-90s Graduates Changing the Workplace" 3087: 3085: 2743: 2482: 2450:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 2211: 2098: 1922: 978:" as their formative years were during the 941:, are colloquially known as "Peace Babies". 4475: 4461: 2236: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1753: 1751: 1508:. Dictionary.reference.com. 15 June 1995. 980:political turbulence of the 1950s to 1960s 937:in 1998, generally regarded as the end of 784:power. There is also the similarly named " 4006: 3937: 3309: 2981: 2794:. New York: Coward, McCann and Geoghegan. 2555:"The Generation Gap in American Politics" 2385: 2019:. Human Resource Planning. Archived from 1686: 1440: 1438: 1436: 788:" (Chinese: 九零后), those born in the post- 4297: 4203: 3687: 3602: 3233:"Meet Alpha: The Next 'Next Generation'" 3230: 3082: 2924: 2918: 2837:Boylan, Jennifer Finney (23 June 2020). 2159:. New York: Routledge. pp. 276–322. 2154: 2014: 1869: 1709: 1083: 542: 537: 424:, and unsupported by rigorous evidence. 176: 164: 35: 4242: 4062:"In Greece, education isn't the answer" 3943: 2331: 2261: 1897: 1895: 1748: 1608: 1444: 1209:(for €1,000, "the thousand-euro-ists"). 1184:. Young adults are usually forced into 933:, people born after the signing of the 467: 4882: 4310:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 266. 4191:from the original on 25 September 2017 4145: 4121:Pérez-Lanzac, Carmen (12 March 2012). 4007:Raphelson, Samantha (6 October 2014). 3886: 3199: 2836: 2522: 2400: 2113: 2041: 1957: 1931: 1901: 1585: 1583: 1433: 1203:In Spain, they are referred to as the 352: 160: 4456: 4330: 4102:from the original on 3 September 2011 4059: 4053: 3981:. MetLife. April 2013. Archived from 3911: 3782: 3571: 3464:from the original on 26 February 2019 3434:from the original on 25 December 2009 3243:from the original on 28 February 2020 2937:from the original on 1 September 2019 2849:from the original on 16 December 2020 2789: 2768: 2750:. New York: William Morrow. pp. 2744:Howe, Neil; Strauss, William (1991). 2731:from the original on 10 November 2015 2710:from the original on 17 December 2015 2288: 2099:Strauss, William; Howe, Neil (1991). 1906:. The Chronicle of Higher Education. 1816:from the original on 17 November 2010 1727: 1667:Journal of Family Theory & Review 1568:from the original on 5 September 2013 1152:. It is often used synonymously with 4178: 3700:. Eastwestcenter.org. Archived from 3615:from the original on 5 February 2020 3603:Malefane, Sipho (31 December 2019). 3553:from the original on 3 November 2019 3273:from the original on 9 February 2019 3231:Williams, Alex (19 September 2015). 3007: 2585: 2523:Safire, William (28 November 2008). 2476: 2443: 2437: 1987: 1969:from the original on 13 January 2018 1892: 1763: 1712:Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge 1542:from the original on 10 October 2019 1512:from the original on 11 October 2010 1397:Oxford Advanced Learners' Dictionary 1138:. The term also includes first-wave 1076: 914:; or more often just דור שני לשואה, 504:Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge 250: 3744: 3549:. The Straits Times. 13 June 2019. 3400:, Central European University, 2010 3356: 3291: 3224: 3193: 3116: 2690:from the original on 2 January 2016 2680:"The Youngest Baby Boomers Turn 50" 2677: 2646:"Definitions - Pew Research Center" 2560:. Pew Research Center. March 2018. 2237:Woodman, Dan; Wyn, Johanna (2015). 2015:Giancola, Frank (1 December 2006). 1635: 1580: 737:, the generation of people born in 13: 4373: 4356: 4285:from the original on 23 March 2019 4243:Shafrir, Doree (24 October 2011). 4160:from the original on 1 August 2019 4151: 3944:Wastell, David (15 October 2000). 3645:from the original on 21 April 2020 3635:"Summer Yama 2000 #RefreshWherevs" 3212:from the original on 8 August 2019 3147: 3129:from the original on 28 April 2020 3110: 2567:from the original on 8 August 2019 1992:. The New York Times Book Review. 1609:Bedasso, Biniam Egu (March 2008). 1486:from the original on 29 March 2017 1421:from the original on 11 April 2021 1403: 796:in 1979 and its softening into a " 245:dynamics of a dysfunctional family 205:average familial generation length 23:. For biological life stages, see 14: 4906: 4420: 4389:Ialenti, Vincent (6 April 2016). 4224:from the original on 29 June 2017 4041:from the original on 4 March 2016 3925:from the original on 22 July 2018 3855:from the original on 10 July 2017 3584:from the original on 5 March 2016 2879:from the original on 29 June 2020 2808:"National Population Projections" 2600:from the original on 13 July 2013 2464:from the original on 18 June 2021 2212:Dan Woodman, Johanna Wyn (2015). 2136:from the original on 5 March 2016 2080:from the original on 5 March 2016 1996:from the original on 9 March 2018 1988:Lind, Michael (26 January 1997). 1932:Menand, Louis (11 October 2021). 1910:from the original on 13 July 2011 1784:from the original on 18 June 2021 1212:In Portugal, they are called the 4826:Strauss–Howe generational theory 4440: 4426: 4380:Fry, Richard (16 January 2015). 4350: 4331:Cohen, Philip N. (7 July 2021). 4324: 4307:Managing Millennials For Dummies 4255:from the original on 1 July 2017 4133:from the original on 22 May 2013 4123:"1,000 euros a month? Dream on…" 4072:from the original on 20 May 2013 4015:from the original on 1 July 2017 3730:. 26 August 2009. Archived from 3200:Perano, Ursula (8 August 2019). 3173: 2626:from the original on 28 May 2018 2346:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00532.x 2276:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00532.x 1902:Hoover, Eric (11 October 2009). 1742:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00531.x 1679:10.1111/j.1756-2589.2011.00087.x 1322: 560:to describe those who fought in 515: 413:Strauss–Howe generational theory 4482: 4267: 4236: 4172: 4114: 4084: 4027: 4000: 3968: 3867: 3841: 3830: 3803: 3776: 3738: 3716: 3657: 3627: 3596: 3565: 3539: 3516: 3490: 3476: 3446: 3420: 3417:(HDRI, Budapest: 2015), 211–224 3415:Demographic Portrait of Hungary 3403: 3390: 3381: 3357:Lee, Coleen (15 January 2010). 3350: 3332: 3269:(in Czech). 20 September 2007. 3255: 3167: 3141: 3056: 2949: 2861: 2830: 2800: 2722: 2668: 2638: 2612: 2579: 2547: 2516: 2394: 2361: 2352: 2325: 2282: 2255: 2230: 2205: 2178: 2163: 2148: 2107: 2092: 2035: 2008: 1981: 1951: 1882: 1863: 1828: 1796: 1703: 1654: 502:Karl Mannheim in his 1952 book 135:, meaning "to beget". The word 3745:Jip, Choi Jang (15 May 2019). 3359:"Post 80s rebels with a cause" 3117:Fry, Richard (28 April 2020). 2925:Horovitz, Bruce (4 May 2012). 2814:. 31 July 1997. Archived from 2622:. Pew Research. 1 March 2018. 2586:Hunt, Tristram (6 June 2004). 2374:Journal of Strategic Marketing 1602: 1554: 1524: 1498: 1415:American Marketing Association 1385: 1239:("The Precarious Generation"). 705: 183:Eastern Orthodox priest family 1: 4431:The dictionary definition of 4210:D'Souza, Joy (28 June 2017). 4060:Itano, Nicole (14 May 2009). 3887:Seigle, Greg (6 April 2000). 3311:10.1525/curh.2006.105.692.255 2869:"Vol. 33, No. 1: Generations" 2387:10.1080/0965254X.2017.1291173 1378: 1169:is a term popularized by the 1161:financial crisis of 2007–2008 1091:demonstration in Lisbon, 2011 1022:("new") generation. The term 601:, which popularized the term. 591:and World War II. Journalist 339:Cours de philosophie positive 243:, is one of several possible 241:two or more of their children 211:and demand for cheap labour, 190: 106:in this sense, also known as 4179:Anna, Garvey (25 May 2016). 3524:Yaroslavl Pedagogical Herald 2684:U.S. News & World Report 2291:American Sociological Review 2170:Hart-Brinson, Peter (2018). 1457:British Journal of Sociology 1276: 695:as children or young adults. 638:, while younger boomers (or 481:American Sociological Review 119: 7: 3572:Smith, David (8 May 2014). 2875:. The Wall Street Journal. 2529:The New York Times Magazine 2189:. p. 5. Archived from 1315: 1235:In France, they are called 1136:post–World War II baby boom 636:counterculture of the 1960s 628:post–World War II baby boom 29:Generation (disambiguation) 10: 4911: 3665:"Fiasco of 386 Generation" 3605:"# Ama2000 – Generation Z" 2974:10.1038/s41405-022-00109-5 1393:"Definition of Generation" 1132:English-speaking countries 912:dor sheni lenitsolei shoah 875:) or the "Ratkó children." 807:People born post-1980s in 766:People's Republic of China 757:leader of Czechoslovakia, 511:List of social generations 484:in 1965 shed light on the 471: 367:The Problem of Generations 239:, between the parents and 18: 4844: 4776: 4750: 4604: 4574: 4541: 4490: 1849:10.1017/s0144686x0200870x 1641:Mathews TJ, Hamilton BE. 4836:Transgenerational design 4768:Revolutionary generation 4665:Generation of Columbuses 4414:Docupedia Zeitgeschichte 3952:. London. Archived from 3824:10.1177/0961463X18783374 3532:18 December 2019 at the 3509:18 December 2019 at the 2901:Encyclopedia of Identity 2334:Journal of Social Issues 2264:Journal of Social Issues 1730:Journal of Social Issues 1647:25 November 2017 at the 1373:Transgenerational design 1363:Intergenerational equity 1226:António Couto dos Santos 1198:2010–2011 Greek protests 1196:and participated in the 1100:, refers to children of 989:, people born after the 920:transgenerational trauma 495:Journal of Social Issues 478:Norman Ryder writing in 181:Three generations of an 169:Five generations of one 4858:The Greatest Generation 4789:Generational accounting 2727:. Pew Research Center. 1904:"The Millennial Muddle" 1353:Generational accounting 1173:and refers to educated 902:born before the end of 845:sustainable development 634:or participated in the 598:The Greatest Generation 4551:Interbellum Generation 4445:Quotations related to 4037:. CNN. 1 August 2001. 3889:"Some Call It 'Jones'" 3292:Yan, Yunxiang (2006). 2790:Jones, Landon (1970). 2772:Born at the Right Time 2447:The generation of 1914 2174:. New York: NYU Press. 1965:. The New York Times. 1767:The generation of 1914 1230:Manuela Ferreira Leite 1106:Torres Strait Islander 1102:Aboriginal Australians 1092: 1028:Shin-se-dae generation 1024:Shin-se-dae generation 585:Interbellum Generation 548: 461: 397: 233:intergenerational rift 196: 174: 83:is also a synonym for 41: 27:. For other uses, see 21:Electricity generation 4831:Theory of generations 4763:Immigrant generations 4715:Strawberry generation 4245:"Generation Catalano" 3874:Jensen, J.B. (2007). 3849:"The Beat Generation" 2620:"Generations and Age" 2444:Wohl, Robert (1979). 2216:. Sage. p. 164. 2114:Jaeger, Hans (1885). 2042:Jaeger, Hans (1985). 1764:Wohl, Robert (1979). 1167:The Generation of 500 1087: 1062:Strawberry generation 991:1994 general election 935:Good Friday Agreement 610:post–World War II era 546: 538:pulse-rate hypothesis 456: 392: 363:theory of generations 300:German Youth Movement 180: 168: 114:sociological analysis 39: 25:Biological life cycle 4895:Cultural generations 4799:Intergenerationality 4582:Boomerang Generation 4491:In the Western world 3791:on 15 September 2010 3704:on 15 September 2010 2769:Owram, Doug (1997). 2214:Youth and Generation 1710:Mannheim, k (1952). 1595:2 March 2018 at the 1368:Intergenerationality 1122:is a term coined by 959:, the generation of 884:India's independence 468:Generational tension 441:September 11 attacks 320:white-collar workers 4503:Greatest Generation 4397:on 13 December 2018 4363:Pew Research Center 4251:. The Slate Group. 3950:The Daily Telegraph 3893:The Washington Post 3884:on 22 January 2013. 3734:on 5 February 2010. 3486:. 25 November 2022. 3484:"Dessertgenerasjon" 3409:Erzsébet Földházi, 3154:Pew Research Center 3123:Pew Research Center 3008:Burclaff, Natalie. 2656:on 16 February 2017 2650:www.pewresearch.org 2193:on 27 February 2010 2103:. New York: Harper. 1961:(5 November 2000). 1309:Pew Research Center 1290:Pew Research Center 1237:Génération précaire 908:Holocaust survivors 681:Library of Congress 677:Pew Research Center 573:Greatest Generation 452:Pew Research Center 353:Generational theory 201:familial generation 161:Familial generation 4758:Future generations 4690:Merdeka Generation 4685:Pioneer Generation 4412:, version: 2, in: 3988:on 21 October 2016 3899:on 23 October 2012 3812:Time & Society 3609:Sipho's reflexions 3237:The New York Times 2843:The New York Times 2525:"Generation What?" 2403:History and Theory 2123:History and Theory 2051:History and Theory 1837:Ageing and Society 1564:. Miriam-Webster. 1536:www.dictionary.com 1448:(September 1994). 1098:Stolen Generations 1093: 993:, the first after 976:Merdeka Generation 972:Pioneer Generation 549: 524:includes parts of 365:in his 1923 essay 304:romantic movements 224:and state policy, 197: 175: 109:social generations 42: 4877: 4876: 4655:Satori generation 4600: 4599: 4508:Silent Generation 4416:, 09. August 2017 4317:978-1-119-31022-8 3783:Sun Young, Park. 3460:. 16 April 2012. 3396:Michelle Sawyer, 3148:Dimock, Michael. 3070:. 6 November 2019 2535:on 6 January 2018 1990:"Generation Gaps" 1194:Greek debt crisis 1077:Other terminology 1043:Manuela Caballero 916:dor sheni lashoah 823:came into use in 822: 693:COVID-19 Pandemic 685:Statistics Canada 606:Silent Generation 445:COVID-19 pandemic 272:industrialisation 251:Social generation 209:industrialisation 4902: 4705:Sampo generation 4645:Burnt Generation 4635:Husák's Children 4605:Country-specific 4556:Generation Jones 4539: 4538: 4533:Generation Alpha 4477: 4470: 4463: 4454: 4453: 4444: 4430: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4385: 4367: 4366: 4354: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4343: 4328: 4322: 4321: 4301: 4295: 4294: 4292: 4290: 4281:. 28 June 2017. 4271: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4240: 4234: 4233: 4231: 4229: 4207: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4196: 4176: 4170: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4149: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4118: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4107: 4088: 4082: 4081: 4079: 4077: 4057: 4051: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4031: 4025: 4024: 4022: 4020: 4004: 3998: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3987: 3980: 3972: 3966: 3965: 3963: 3961: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3915: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3904: 3895:. Archived from 3885: 3871: 3865: 3864: 3862: 3860: 3845: 3839: 3834: 3828: 3827: 3807: 3801: 3800: 3798: 3796: 3780: 3774: 3773: 3771: 3769: 3742: 3736: 3735: 3728:The Korea Herald 3720: 3714: 3713: 3711: 3709: 3694: 3685: 3684: 3682: 3680: 3675:on 28 March 2010 3671:. Archived from 3661: 3655: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3631: 3625: 3624: 3622: 3620: 3600: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3569: 3563: 3562: 3560: 3558: 3543: 3537: 3520: 3514: 3494: 3488: 3487: 3480: 3474: 3473: 3471: 3469: 3450: 3444: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3424: 3418: 3407: 3401: 3394: 3388: 3385: 3379: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3365:. Archived from 3354: 3348: 3347: 3336: 3330: 3329: 3322: 3316: 3315: 3313: 3304:(692): 255–262. 3289: 3283: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3259: 3253: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3228: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3171: 3165: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3145: 3139: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3114: 3108: 3107: 3105: 3103: 3089: 3080: 3079: 3077: 3075: 3060: 3054: 3053: 3051: 3049: 3034: 3025: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3005: 2996: 2995: 2985: 2953: 2947: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2922: 2916: 2915: 2895: 2889: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2865: 2859: 2858: 2856: 2854: 2834: 2828: 2827: 2825: 2823: 2804: 2798: 2795: 2786: 2765: 2740: 2738: 2736: 2719: 2717: 2715: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2678:Brandon, Emily. 2672: 2666: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2652:. Archived from 2642: 2636: 2635: 2633: 2631: 2616: 2610: 2609: 2607: 2605: 2583: 2577: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2566: 2559: 2551: 2545: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2531:. Archived from 2520: 2514: 2513: 2497: 2488:Strauss, William 2480: 2474: 2473: 2471: 2469: 2441: 2435: 2434: 2398: 2392: 2391: 2389: 2365: 2359: 2356: 2350: 2349: 2329: 2323: 2322: 2286: 2280: 2279: 2259: 2253: 2252: 2234: 2228: 2227: 2209: 2203: 2202: 2200: 2198: 2182: 2176: 2175: 2167: 2161: 2160: 2152: 2146: 2145: 2143: 2141: 2135: 2120: 2111: 2105: 2104: 2096: 2090: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2079: 2048: 2039: 2033: 2032: 2030: 2028: 2012: 2006: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1985: 1979: 1978: 1976: 1974: 1955: 1949: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1929: 1920: 1919: 1917: 1915: 1899: 1890: 1886: 1880: 1879: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1832: 1826: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1815: 1808: 1800: 1794: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1761: 1746: 1745: 1725: 1716: 1715: 1707: 1701: 1700: 1690: 1658: 1652: 1639: 1633: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1622: 1615: 1606: 1600: 1587: 1578: 1577: 1575: 1573: 1558: 1552: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1528: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1517: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1491: 1485: 1454: 1442: 1431: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1417:. 30 June 2022. 1407: 1401: 1400: 1389: 1332: 1327: 1326: 1171:Greek mass media 1126:to describe the 1124:Jonathan Pontell 1120:Generation Jones 1039:Artemio Baigorri 931:Northern Ireland 889:Indian Emergency 872:hu:Ratkó-korszak 847:, and democracy. 841:anti-colonialism 833:post-materialist 816: 798:two-child policy 794:one-child policy 778:entrepreneurship 751:Husák's children 699:Generation Alpha 640:Generation Jones 589:Great Depression 566:Roaring Twenties 371:Martin Heidegger 357:The sociologist 343:John Stuart Mill 331:public education 215:, delayed first 195: 192: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4900: 4899: 4880: 4879: 4878: 4873: 4852:Beat Generation 4840: 4772: 4746: 4631:Czechoslovakia 4596: 4570: 4537: 4498:Lost Generation 4486: 4481: 4423: 4400: 4398: 4376: 4374:Further reading 4371: 4370: 4355: 4351: 4341: 4339: 4337:Washington Post 4329: 4325: 4318: 4302: 4298: 4288: 4286: 4279:HuffPost Canada 4273: 4272: 4268: 4258: 4256: 4241: 4237: 4227: 4225: 4217:Huffington Post 4208: 4204: 4194: 4192: 4185:Huffington Post 4177: 4173: 4163: 4161: 4150: 4146: 4136: 4134: 4119: 4115: 4105: 4103: 4098:. 30 May 2011. 4090: 4089: 4085: 4075: 4073: 4058: 4054: 4044: 4042: 4033: 4032: 4028: 4018: 4016: 4005: 4001: 3991: 3989: 3985: 3978: 3974: 3973: 3969: 3959: 3957: 3956:on 7 March 2007 3942: 3938: 3928: 3926: 3917: 3916: 3912: 3902: 3900: 3872: 3868: 3858: 3856: 3847: 3846: 3842: 3835: 3831: 3808: 3804: 3794: 3792: 3781: 3777: 3767: 3765: 3743: 3739: 3722: 3721: 3717: 3707: 3705: 3696: 3695: 3688: 3678: 3676: 3669:The Korea Times 3663: 3662: 3658: 3648: 3646: 3633: 3632: 3628: 3618: 3616: 3601: 3597: 3587: 3585: 3570: 3566: 3556: 3554: 3545: 3544: 3540: 3534:Wayback Machine 3521: 3517: 3511:Wayback Machine 3495: 3491: 3482: 3481: 3477: 3467: 3465: 3452: 3451: 3447: 3437: 3435: 3426: 3425: 3421: 3408: 3404: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3382: 3372: 3370: 3369:on 29 June 2011 3355: 3351: 3338: 3337: 3333: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3298:Current History 3290: 3286: 3276: 3274: 3261: 3260: 3256: 3246: 3244: 3229: 3225: 3215: 3213: 3198: 3194: 3184: 3182: 3172: 3168: 3158: 3156: 3146: 3142: 3132: 3130: 3115: 3111: 3101: 3099: 3091: 3090: 3083: 3073: 3071: 3062: 3061: 3057: 3047: 3045: 3035: 3028: 3018: 3016: 3006: 2999: 2954: 2950: 2940: 2938: 2923: 2919: 2912: 2896: 2892: 2882: 2880: 2867: 2866: 2862: 2852: 2850: 2835: 2831: 2821: 2819: 2818:on 31 July 1997 2806: 2805: 2801: 2783: 2762: 2734: 2732: 2713: 2711: 2706:. History.com. 2702: 2693: 2691: 2673: 2669: 2659: 2657: 2644: 2643: 2639: 2629: 2627: 2618: 2617: 2613: 2603: 2601: 2584: 2580: 2570: 2568: 2564: 2557: 2553: 2552: 2548: 2538: 2536: 2521: 2517: 2510: 2481: 2477: 2467: 2465: 2458: 2442: 2438: 2415:10.2307/2505170 2399: 2395: 2366: 2362: 2357: 2353: 2330: 2326: 2303:10.2307/2090964 2287: 2283: 2260: 2256: 2249: 2235: 2231: 2224: 2210: 2206: 2196: 2194: 2183: 2179: 2168: 2164: 2153: 2149: 2139: 2137: 2133: 2118: 2112: 2108: 2097: 2093: 2083: 2081: 2077: 2063:10.2307/2505170 2046: 2040: 2036: 2026: 2024: 2013: 2009: 1999: 1997: 1986: 1982: 1972: 1970: 1956: 1952: 1942: 1940: 1930: 1923: 1913: 1911: 1900: 1893: 1887: 1883: 1868: 1864: 1833: 1829: 1819: 1817: 1813: 1806: 1802: 1801: 1797: 1787: 1785: 1778: 1762: 1749: 1726: 1719: 1708: 1704: 1659: 1655: 1649:Wayback Machine 1640: 1636: 1626: 1624: 1620: 1613: 1607: 1603: 1597:Wayback Machine 1588: 1581: 1571: 1569: 1560: 1559: 1555: 1545: 1543: 1530: 1529: 1525: 1515: 1513: 1504: 1503: 1499: 1489: 1487: 1483: 1452: 1443: 1434: 1424: 1422: 1409: 1408: 1404: 1391: 1390: 1386: 1381: 1348:Generation time 1328: 1321: 1318: 1282:Philip N. Cohen 1279: 1215:Geração à Rasca 1186:underemployment 1114:Beat Generation 1089:Geração à Rasca 1079: 837:Lee Tung Street 708: 654:countercultures 554:Lost Generation 518: 513: 476: 470: 405:William Strauss 355: 347:Wilhelm Dilthey 296:Sturm und Drang 253: 193: 163: 155:Lost Generation 151:Beat Generation 142:group or cohort 128:comes from the 122: 32: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4908: 4898: 4897: 4892: 4875: 4874: 4872: 4871: 4866: 4864:Digital divide 4861: 4854: 4848: 4846: 4842: 4841: 4839: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4822: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4784:Generation gap 4780: 4778: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4754: 4752: 4748: 4747: 4745: 4744: 4743: 4742: 4734: 4733: 4732: 4727: 4721:United States 4719: 4718: 4717: 4709: 4708: 4707: 4702: 4700:386 Generation 4694: 4693: 4692: 4687: 4679: 4678: 4677: 4669: 4668: 4667: 4659: 4658: 4657: 4649: 4648: 4647: 4639: 4638: 4637: 4629: 4628: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4608: 4606: 4602: 4601: 4598: 4597: 4595: 4594: 4592:MTV Generation 4589: 4584: 4578: 4576: 4572: 4571: 4569: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4547: 4545: 4536: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4494: 4492: 4488: 4487: 4480: 4479: 4472: 4465: 4457: 4451: 4450: 4438: 4422: 4421:External links 4419: 4418: 4417: 4407: 4386: 4375: 4372: 4369: 4368: 4349: 4323: 4316: 4296: 4266: 4235: 4202: 4171: 4152:Miller, Ryan. 4144: 4113: 4083: 4052: 4026: 3999: 3967: 3936: 3910: 3866: 3840: 3829: 3818:(1): 333–357. 3802: 3775: 3737: 3715: 3686: 3656: 3626: 3595: 3564: 3538: 3515: 3489: 3475: 3445: 3419: 3402: 3389: 3380: 3349: 3346:. 2 July 2012. 3331: 3317: 3284: 3254: 3223: 3192: 3174:Fell, Ashley. 3166: 3140: 3109: 3081: 3055: 3026: 3014:guides.loc.gov 2997: 2948: 2917: 2910: 2890: 2860: 2829: 2799: 2797: 2796: 2787: 2781: 2766: 2760: 2741: 2723:Fry, Richard. 2720: 2704:"Baby Boomers" 2700: 2667: 2637: 2611: 2578: 2546: 2515: 2508: 2475: 2456: 2436: 2409:(3): 273–292. 2393: 2360: 2351: 2324: 2297:(6): 843–861. 2281: 2270:(4): 713–727. 2254: 2247: 2229: 2222: 2204: 2177: 2162: 2147: 2106: 2091: 2057:(3): 273–292. 2034: 2023:on 5 July 2018 2007: 1980: 1950: 1938:The New Yorker 1921: 1891: 1881: 1862: 1843:(3): 369–382. 1827: 1795: 1776: 1747: 1736:(4): 695–711. 1717: 1714:. London: RKP. 1702: 1673:(2): 124–139. 1653: 1634: 1623:on 1 June 2012 1601: 1579: 1553: 1523: 1497: 1469:10.2307/591659 1463:(3): 481–495. 1432: 1402: 1383: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1334: 1333: 1330:Society portal 1317: 1314: 1301:The New Yorker 1278: 1275: 1274: 1273: 1259: 1245: 1244: 1243: 1240: 1233: 1210: 1201: 1157: 1146:MTV Generation 1143: 1117: 1110: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1066: 1054: 1047: 1031: 1006:386 generation 998: 983: 964: 949: 942: 927: 900:Ashkenazi Jews 892: 876: 859: 848: 805: 762: 749:" are called " 739:Czechoslovakia 731:Czech Republic 727: 720: 707: 704: 703: 702: 696: 670: 667:3rd millennium 657: 643: 621: 602: 579:who fought in 569: 558:Gertrude Stein 526:Western Europe 517: 514: 512: 509: 474:Generation gap 472:Main article: 469: 466: 411:developed the 388: 387: 381: 378: 354: 351: 276:westernisation 252: 249: 237:nuclear family 162: 159: 147:social science 121: 118: 100:social science 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4907: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4887: 4885: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4859: 4855: 4853: 4850: 4849: 4847: 4843: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4801: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4794:Generationism 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4781: 4779: 4775: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4755: 4753: 4749: 4741: 4740:9X Generation 4738: 4737: 4735: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4722: 4720: 4716: 4713: 4712: 4710: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4682: 4680: 4676: 4673: 4672: 4670: 4666: 4663: 4662: 4660: 4656: 4653: 4652: 4650: 4646: 4643: 4642: 4640: 4636: 4633: 4632: 4630: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4612: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4603: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4587:Me generation 4585: 4583: 4580: 4579: 4577: 4573: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4548: 4546: 4544: 4540: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4478: 4473: 4471: 4466: 4464: 4459: 4458: 4455: 4448: 4443: 4439: 4437:at Wiktionary 4436: 4435: 4429: 4425: 4424: 4415: 4411: 4408: 4396: 4392: 4387: 4384:. Pew Center. 4383: 4378: 4377: 4364: 4360: 4357:Parker, Kim. 4353: 4338: 4334: 4327: 4319: 4313: 4309: 4308: 4300: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4270: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4239: 4223: 4219: 4218: 4213: 4206: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4175: 4159: 4155: 4148: 4132: 4128: 4124: 4117: 4101: 4097: 4093: 4087: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4056: 4040: 4036: 4030: 4014: 4010: 4003: 3984: 3977: 3971: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3940: 3924: 3920: 3914: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3883: 3879: 3878: 3870: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3838: 3833: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3806: 3790: 3786: 3779: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3751:Korea Journal 3748: 3741: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3719: 3703: 3699: 3693: 3691: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3660: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3630: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3599: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3568: 3552: 3548: 3542: 3535: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3519: 3512: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3499: 3493: 3485: 3479: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3449: 3433: 3429: 3423: 3416: 3412: 3406: 3399: 3393: 3384: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3353: 3345: 3341: 3335: 3327: 3321: 3312: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3288: 3272: 3268: 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