5936:
2501:, who visited the region in the years 630–644, said that Buddhism was declining in the region. While Buddhism declined and ultimately disappeared after the Arab conquest, mainly due to conversion of almost all of the Buddhist population of Sindh to Islam, Hinduism managed to survive as a significant minority through Muslim rule until before the partition of India. Derryl Maclean explains what he calls "the persistence of Hinduism" on the basis of "the radical dissimilarity between the socio-economic bases of Hinduism and Buddhism in Sind": Buddhism in this region was mainly urban and mercantile while Hinduism was rural and non-mercantile, thus the Arabs, themselves urban and mercantile, attracted and converted the Buddhist classes, but for the rural and non-mercantile parts, only interested by the taxes, they promoted a more decentralized authority and appointed
6041:
6086:
5951:
3519:
5966:
2119:
1503:
7043:
and some southern parts of present day
Balochistan. That is why Sindhi has very deep relations with languages of these regions. In fact one can say that the dialects and sub- dialects of this region ie Punjabi, Multani, Seraiki, Kachhi etc are greatly influenced by Sindhi and in a way can be considered akin to it. In addition to the local languages, Sindhi is also closely related to languages of the neighbouring regions. In the pre-historic and even the historic period, for a long time India was a common social and political entity, and in this period the court languages, indigenous as well as foreign, must have influenced the regional languages.
5996:
2167:
2233:
6071:
6056:
5783:
2772:
6011:
2483:
1283:
3500:
11580:
Alra called Mahraj, whose kingdom was situated between
Kashmir and Punjab, requested Amir Abdullah bin Umar, the ruler of al-Mansura, to send him someone to translate the Quran into his language around 882. The language is called 'Hindi' by Arab historians (in this case the author of Ajaib ul Hind) who often failed to distinguish between the different languages of India and put them all under the generic name of 'Hindi'. However, Syed Salman Nadwi, who calls this the first translation of the Quran into any Indian language suggests that this language might be Sindhi.
2319:
5981:
448:
214:
5876:
2703:
5157:
1902:
5843:
5813:
376:
14416:
3607:
5828:
1164:
250:
322:
232:
5798:
5921:
196:
1335:
286:
5858:
6026:
340:
5553:
5891:
520:
484:
412:
394:
304:
268:
158:
576:
5716:
5906:
13804:
466:
5465:
3532:
4910:
430:
117:
358:
2029:
502:
5644:
176:
847:
62:
8537:, p. 29 "Mohenjo-daro and Harappa may each have contained between 30,000 and 60,000 people (perhaps more in the former case). Water transport was crucial for the provisioning of these and other cities. That said, the vast majority of people lived in rural areas. At the height of the Indus valley civilization the subcontinent may have contained 4-6 million people."
5325:
591:
5232:
2299:
generally did so out of a fear of persecution, rather than persecution itself, because of the arrival of Muslim refugees from India. Sindhi Hindus differentiated between the local Sindhi
Muslims and the migrant Muslims from India. A large number of Sindhi Hindus travelled to India by sea, to the ports of Bombay, Porbandar, Veraval and Okha.
5681:. The day is celebrated each year in the first week of December on the Sunday. It is widely celebrated all over Sindh, and amongst the Sindhi diaspora population around the world. Sindhis celebrate this day to demonstrate the peaceful identity of Sindhi culture and acquire the attention of the world towards their rich heritage.
6733:
11906:
The folklore of Sindh, like all other folklore, is the result of an interaction of cultural, geographical and religious factors. An analytical diachronic study shows Sindhi folklore to have evolved as a result of three specific factors: (1) The impact of region or geographical location of people. (2)
5740:
Prominent in Sindhi culture, poetry continues an oral tradition dating back a thousand years, based on folk tales. Sindhi is one of the major oldest languages of the Indus Valley, having a particular literary colour both in poetry and prose. Sindhi poetry is very rich in thought as well as containing
3695:
A substantial body of Sindhi literature developed during the
Medieval period, the most famous of which is the religious and mystic poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai from the 18th century. Modern Sindhi was promoted under British rule beginning in 1843, which led to the current status of the language
2013:
For several centuries in the first millennium BCE and in the first five centuries of the first millennium CE, the western portions of Sindh, the regions on the western flank of the Indus river, were intermittently under
Persian, Greek and Kushan rule, first during the Achaemenid dynasty (500–300 BCE)
1514:
Sindhi Hindus were an economically prosperous community in urban Sindh before partition, but due to fear of persecution on the basis of religion and after large scale arrival of Muslim refugees from India, they migrated to India after partition. They had a hard time in India developing their economic
11579:
Sindhi is one of the most ancient languages of India. Indeed, the first language
Muslims (Arabs) came in contact with when they entered India in large numbers was Sindhi. Thus several Arab writers mention that Sindhi was the language of people in al-Mansura, the capital of Sind. Indeed, the Rajah of
10660:
The
Sindhis of Gibraltar derive their traditions from being part of the global Sindhi sect that originates from the Sindh region of Pakistan. Theologically associated with Hinduism and Sikhism, Sindhis held many important jobs before and during British colonial rule of the Sindh region especially as
3583:
The roots of Sindhi culture go back to the distant past. Archaeological research during 19th and 20th centuries showed the roots of social life, religion and culture of the people of the Sindh: their agricultural practices, traditional arts and crafts, customs and tradition and other parts of social
2423:
Islam in Sindh has a long history, starting with the capture of Sindh by
Muhammad Bin Qasim in 712 CE. Over time, the majority of the population in Sindh converted to Islam, especially in rural areas. Today, Muslims make up over 90% of the population, and are more dominant in urban than rural areas.
7042:
Cultural and territorial proximity has a major influence on the similarities of languages. There was a time when Sindh was a sovereign country and was a lot bigger than its present geographical boundaries. It included parts of present day Punjab and
Bahawalpur, Lasbela (Balochistan), Kachh (India)
2298:
In 1947, violence did not constitute a major part of the Sindhi partition experience, unlike in Punjab. This was in part due to the Sufi-influenced culture of religious tolerance and in part because Sindh was not divided and was instead made part of
Pakistan in its entirety. Sindhi Hindus who left
5711:
All political, social and religious organizations of Sindh, besides the Sindh Culture Department and administrations of various schools, colleges and universities, organize a variety of events including seminars, debates, folk music programs, drama and theatric performances, tableaus and literary
2290:, led to grievances that Sindh was neglected in contrast to other parts of the Presidency. The merger of Sindh into Punjab province was considered from time to time but was turned down because of British disagreement and Sindhi opposition, both from Muslims and Hindus, to being annexed to Punjab.
2432:
near Thatta. The development of Sufism in Sindh was similar to the development of Sufism in other parts of the Muslim world. In the 16th century two Sufi tareeqat (orders)—Qadria and Naqshbandia—were introduced in Sindh. Sufism continues to play an important role in the daily lives of Sindhis.
5696:, attend musical programs and rallies in many cities. Major hallmarks of cities and towns are decorated with Sindhi Ajrak. People across Sindh exchange gifts of Ajrak and Topi at various ceremonies. Even the children and women dress up in Ajrak, assembling at the grand gathering, where famous
2278:
The British had two objectives in their rule of Sindh: the consolidation of British rule and the use of Sindh as a market for British products and a source of revenue and raw materials. With the appropriate infrastructure in place, the British hoped to exploit Sindh's economic potential.
4944:
In Pakistan, Sindhi is the first language of 30.26 million people, or 14.6% of the country's population as of the 2017 census. 29.5 million of these are found in Sindh, where they account for 62% of the total population of the province. There are 0.56 million speakers in the province of
2427:
Islam in Sindh has a strong Sufi ethos with numerous Muslim saints and mystics, such as the Sufi poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, having lived in Sindh historically. One popular legend which highlights the strong Sufi presence in Sindh is that 125,000 Sufi saints and mystics are buried on
2103:
stated that after conquest of Debal, Qasim kept slaughtering its inhabitants for three days. The custodians of the Buddhist stupa were killed and the temple was destroyed; 700 women taking shelter there were enslaved. Qasim gave a quarter of the city to Muslims and built a mosque there.
8549:, p. 387: "The enormous potential of the greater Indus region offered scope for huge population increase; by the end of the Mature Harappan period, the Harappans are estimated to have numbered somewhere between 1 and 5 million, probably well below the region's carrying capacity."
1380:. Sindhis had almost no representation in the government of Bombay State, to the point that only after 1890 was Sindh represented for the first time with only four members representing Sindh. This token representation did not satisfy Sindhis and soon a movement began for a separate
6729:
10874:
Haak, Wolfgang; Lazaridis, Iosif; Patterson, Nick; Rohland, Nadin; Mallick, Swapan; Llamas, Bastien; Brandt, Guido; Nordenfelt, Susanne; Harney, Eadaoin; Stewardson, Kristin; Fu, Qiaomei; Mittnik, Alissa; Bánffy, Eszter; Economou, Christos; Francken, Michael (2 March 2015).
10381:
Soomra is a prominent historical race, but the available historical studies on Sindh are bereft of its history in full detail and continuum. The history of Sindh has many a vacuum, which have to be bridged. Historically, Soomras are the first to wrest Sindh from the Arab
6506:
5247:. Common dances include Jhumar/Jhumir (different from the Jhumar dance of South Punjab), Kafelo, and Jhamelo. However, none of these have survived as much as Ho Jamalo. In marriages and on other occasions, a special type of song is produced; these are known as
1519:
that had similarity with Sindhi culture. Despite all of that they were successful in establishing themselves as one of India's richest communities, especially through business and trade. Sindhis have disinguished themselves in India, from famous actors such as
11671:
10783:
The other two northern populations (Kalasha and Hazara) and the four southern populations (Baloch, Brahui, Makrani and the Sindhis) exhibited high frequency of Allele-B. Similar high frequencies have been found in European, Middle Eastern and North African
11907:
Religion, i.e. the interaction of Hindu and Muslim ideologies on the religious and philosophical plane. (3) The opposition Oral Register vs Written Register and the subsequent inner opposition Narrative vs Incantatory/Recitatory within the Oral Register.
5935:
5634:
and Middle Eastern cuisine in Sindhi food is ubiquitous. Sindhi cuisine was also found in India, where many Sindhi Hindus migrated following the Partition of India in 1947. Before Independence, the State of Sindh was under the Bombay Presidency.
5567:
Sindhi cuisine has been influenced by Central Asian, Iranian, and Mughal food traditions. It is mostly a non-vegetarian cuisine, with even Sindhi Hindus widely accepting of meat consumption. The daily food in most Sindhi households consists of
11640:
1965:
Mohenjo-daro was abandoned in the 19th century BCE as the Indus Valley Civilization declined, and the site was not rediscovered until the 1920s. Significant excavation has since been conducted at the site of the city, which was designated a
11432:
The numbers have been calculated based on the percentages and the population totals. For example, the figure of 30.26 million is calculated from the reported 14.57% for the speakers of Sindhi and the 207.685 million total population of
6633:
2550:. In the urban centres of Sindh, Hindus formed the majority of the population before the partition. The cities and towns of Sindh were dominated by the Hindus. In 1941, Hindus were 64% of the total urban population. According to the
5141:
in pre-Islamic times. Nevertheless, after the advent of Islam in eighth century, Arabic language and Persian language influenced the inhabitants of the area and were the official language of the territory through different periods.
13270:
2004:
of the region during the 3rd millennium BCE may have been the initial stimulus for its urbanisation. Eventually it also reduced the water supply enough to cause the civilisation's demise and to disperse its population to the east.
8021:
9851:
7868:
2698:"Oh Ali, owing to your alliance (with the prophet) you are true of high birth, and your example is great, and you are wise and excellent, and your advent has made your age an age of generosity and kindness and brotherly love".
2653:
The connection between Sindh and Islam was established by the initial Muslim missions. According to Derryl N. Maclean, a link between Sindh and Muslims during the Caliphate of Ali can be traced to Hakim ibn Jabalah al-Abdi, a
6502:
2725:
During the reign of Ali, many Jats came under the influence of Islam. Harith ibn Murrah Al-abdi and Sayfi ibn Fil' al-Shaybani, both officers of Ali's army, attacked Sindhi bandits and chased them to Al-Qiqan (present-day
2149:
was to last in lower Sindh until the early 18th century, while upper Sindh was ruled by the indigenous Kalhora dynasty, consolidating their rule until the mid-18th century, when the Persian sacking of the Mughal throne in
11487:
11665:
8979:
7678:
3952:
During British rule in India, a variant of the Persian alphabet was adopted for Sindhi in the 19th century. The script is used in Pakistan and India today. It has a total of 52 letters, augmenting the Persian with
9028:
The area of the Hindu-built mansion Pakka Qila was built in 1768 by the Kalhora kings, a local dynasty of Arab origin that ruled Sindh independently from the decaying Moghul Empire beginning in the mid-eighteenth
5744:
The poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai and Sachal Sarmast is very famous throughout Sindh. Since the 1940s, Sindhi poetry has incorporated broader influences, including the sonnet and blank verse. Soon after the
11161:
2444:
population, which stands at 1.7% of the total in Sindh (or 3.1% in rural areas), and is believed to have been under-reported, with some community members instead counted under the main Hindu category. Although
11282:
1295:
Sindh has been an ethnic historical region isolated from the rest of India; unlike its neighbors Sindh did not experience violent invasions. Boundaries of various Kingdoms and rulers in Sindh were defined on
7691:
Sindhi folklore, literature, poetry, music came to be influenced by Sufi ideologies to a great extent and therefore Sindhi psyche has been ingrained with piousness and the veneration of saints and visits to
12548:
8319:
2449:
claimed that there are 6,842,526 Hindus living in Sindh Province covering around 14.29% of the region's population. Umerkot district in the Thar Desert is Pakistan's only Hindu-majority district. The
2213:. The northern Khairpur branch of the Talpur dynasty, however, continued to maintain a degree of sovereignty during British rule as the princely state of Khairpur, whose ruler elected to join the new
7122:
Sindh's rich cultural and religious diversity makes it unique in Pakistan. In past few decades, there has been a growing interest in the archaeology of Sindh by both local and international scholars.
11624:
9226:
9541:
4921:, the original name of the Indus River, along whose delta Sindhi is spoken. Like other languages of the Indo-Aryan family, Sindhi is descended from Old Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit) via Middle Indo-Aryan (
2440:
overall, which accounts 8.7% of the population, roughly around 4.2 million people, and 13.3% of the province's rural population as per 2017 Pakistani census report. These numbers also include the
11118:
10566:
10632:
10697:
8379:
12406:
4992:
In India, there were a total of 1.68 million speakers according to the 2011 census. The states with the largest numbers were Maharashtra (558,000), Rajasthan (354,000), Gujarat (321,000), and
12666:
11684:
During the long period of history, Sindhi language has absorbed influences of the old Iranian language during, It is also recorded that treatises were written in Sindhi on Astronomy, Medicine
11010:
10256:", in History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. 2, Part. 2: "Religious Movements and Institutions in Medieval India", Chapter 13, Oxford University Press (2006).
5332:
Sindhi folklore folk traditions have developed in Sindh over a number of centuries. Sindh abounds with folklore, in all forms, and colours from such obvious manifestations as the traditional
5171:
Music from Sindh is sung and is generally of five genres that originated in Sindh. The first one is the "Baits". The Baits style is vocal music in Sanhoon (low voice) or Graham (high voice).
11500:
Gujarati, Marathi, Punjabi, and Sindhi. As far as dress is concerned, women in the north wear Sari and Shalwar Kameez, Chudidar-Kurta, and Lehenga-Kurta Men wear Pyjama-Kurta and Dhoti-Kurta
8856:
6857:
6637:
5688:(gathering in a place and sitting round in a circle and the fire on sticks in the center), musical concerts, seminars, lecture programs and rallies. On the occasion people wearing Ajrak and
10044:
9783:
8013:
7959:
2022:, before the Islamic conquest between the 7th and 10th centuries CE Alexander the Great marched through Punjab and Sindh, down the Indus river, after his conquest of the Persian Empire.
7569:
11191:
9841:
7860:
7837:
2453:
in Tandoallahyar whose annual festival is the second largest Hindu pilgrimage in Pakistan is in Sindh. Sindh is also the only province in Pakistan to have a separate law for governing
10129:
8258:
2000:
very likely grew to contain between 30,000 and 60,000 individuals, and the civilisation may have contained between one and five million individuals during its florescence. A gradual
8349:
9334:
8288:
8082:
11328:
Sindhi language originated from some old Indo-Aryan dialect, spoken in the region of lower Indus valley, at the time of compilation of Vedas or Perhaps some centuries before that.
11082:
10404:
9432:
8410:
12458:
8947:
2633:
11471:
7929:
11548:
11221:
10960:
9715:
7807:
5518:, which are celebrated with zeal and enthusiasm but they are in no way related to Sindhi culture . A festival known as Jashn-e-Larkana is also celebrated by Sindhi Muslims.
12045:
10757:
Symposium on Molecular Anthropology in the Twenty-First Century, Held During the 14th International Congress of the Association of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences
8190:
1535:
In India as per 2011 census, Sindhis have an estimated population of 2,770,000. Unlike Sindhis in Pakistan, Indian Sindhis are scattered throughout India in states such as
8973:
7662:
12428:
9913:
2420:
region. However, tribes are of little importance in Sindh as compared to in Punjab and Balochistan. Identity in Sindh is mostly based on a common ethnicity and language.
13927:
9257:
8681:
7468:
6938:
6755:
12306:
11153:
5684:
On this holiday people gather in all major cities of Sindh at press clubs, and other places to arrange various activities. They engage in literary (poetic) gatherings,
8647:
12518:
11274:
7333:
2099:, after the Arabs scaled Debal's walls, the besieged denizens opened the gates and pleaded for mercy but Qasim stated he had no orders to spare anyone. The historian
11419:
10015:
8910:
8134:
5348:, who pines for her lover Punhu, is known and sung in every Sindhi settlement. Examples of the folklore of Sindh include the stories of Umar Marui and Suhuni Mehar.
12345:
10442:
7192:
5583:
Restaurants specializing in Sindhi cuisine are rare, although it is found at truck stops in rural areas of Sindh province, and in a few restaurants in urban Sindh.
10119:
Proceedings of the First Congress of Pakistan History & Culture held at the University of Islamabad, April 1973, Volume 1, University of Islamabad Press, 1975
9986:
9882:
9049:
14986:
8224:
6568:
2174:
The Talpur dynasty (Sindhi: ٽالپردور) succeeded the Kalhoras in 1783 and four branches of the dynasty were established. One ruled lower Sindh from the city of
5965:
2528:. Hyderabad is currently the largest centre of Sindhi Hindus in Pakistan, with 100,000–150,000 living there. The ratio of Hindus in Sindh was higher before the
12540:
9169:
7743:
3680:
spoken in Indus valley, Sindhi has an attested history from the 10th century CE. Sindhi was one of the first Indo-Aryan languages to encounter influence from
12605:
12267:
9747:
9091:
8605:
8311:
7712:
6040:
12488:
7990:
5950:
3640:
script, which accounts for the majority of the Sindhi literature and is the only one currently used in Pakistan. In India, both the Perso-Arabic script and
11315:
9222:
9533:
13328:
9400:
11108:
10857:"Genetic characterization of 15 autosomal STRs in the Interior Sindhi Population of Pakistan and their phylogenetic relationship with other populations"
10559:
7899:
14221:
13680:
10624:
10180:
8704:
6535:
2512:, Hindus constituted about 8.7% of the total population of Sindh province, roughly around 4.2 million people. Most of them live in urban areas such as
12578:
12097:
10689:
8371:
7777:
2049:
Sindh was one of the earliest regions to be conquered by the Arabs and influenced by Islam after 720 CE. Before this period, it was heavily Hindu and
12398:
10833:
10265:
Ibn Sa'd, 8:346. The raid is noted by Baâdhurî, "fatooh al-Baldan" p. 432, and Ibn Khayyât, Ta'rîkh, 1:173, 183–84, as cited in: Derryl N. Maclean,"
9474:
3968:) for sounds particular to Sindhi and other Indo-Aryan languages. Some letters that are distinguished in Arabic or Persian are homophones in Sindhi.
823:
minorities. Despite being geographically separated, Sindhis still maintain strong ties to each other and share similar cultural values and practices.
12658:
11002:
10074:
6539:
6085:
14211:
13515:
13480:
7368:
7294:
7255:
6849:
5782:
9130:
8051:
7223:
6994:
13380:
13082:
11043:
10040:
9779:
9611:
7591:
6010:
3939:
3004:
7401:
7072:
13495:
13445:
13440:
13435:
13425:
13415:
13019:
10545:
7951:
7142:
6617:
2014:
during which it made up part of the easternmost satrapies, then, by Alexander the Great, followed by the Indo-Greeks and still later under the
11950:
11752:
9805:
7561:
5875:
11983:
11183:
10142:
7829:
10520:
9423:
8730:
3748:
14363:
13770:
8250:
8156:
5995:
10204:
M. Ishaq, "Hakim Bin Jabala – An Heroic Personality of Early Islam", Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society, pp. 145–50, (April 1955).
8686:
The dynasty founded by Demetrius ruled over East Punjab and Sindh and the other founded by Eucratides ruled over some parts of West Punjab
8341:
13260:
12961:
9588:
9318:
9292:
8790:
8280:
8074:
6340:
and includes the 1 million Kutchi Speakers too. Ethnic Sindhis in India who no longer speak the language are not included in this number.
1832:
1412:
1116:
11066:
10395:
8888:
7538:
7029:
6428:
5075:
is very rich, and is one of the world's oldest literatures. The earliest reference to Sindhi literature is contained in the writings of
12823:
12075:
8402:
7094:
6960:
12450:
8941:
6055:
11448:
9479:
Finally, it was when they became victims of the Karachi pogrom of January 1948 that Sindhi Hindus felt compelled to migrate to India.
7921:
7346:
Sindh was isolated from the rest of India and consequently nobody took any interest in Sindh and the same was conquered by the Arabs.
1828:
11726:
10951:
10365:
13884:
11542:
11213:
9722:
7799:
5827:
3124:
2992:
2224:
Baloch migrations in the region between 14th and 18th centuries and many Baloch dynasties saw a high Iranic mixture into Sindhis.
1446:
Movement, which aimed for autonomy initially but later on raised separatist demands. This movement reached its peak following the
13321:
12037:
11870:
5842:
1785:
12012:
9905:
8182:
6399:
This is the number of people who identified their language as "Sindhi"; it does not include speakers of related languages, like
5980:
2025:
The Ror dynasty was a power from the Indian subcontinent that ruled modern-day Sindh and Northwest India from 450 BCE to 489 CE.
14160:
13792:
13046:
12420:
11815:
1942:, with features such as standardized bricks, street grids, and covered sewer systems. It was one of the world's earliest major
1793:
9199:
8819:
8665:
8471:
7460:
6934:
6763:
5174:
Second is "Waee" instrumental music, which is performed in a variety of ways using a string instrument. Waee is also known as
3757:
14330:
14120:
12955:
12831:
12783:
12755:
12339:
12300:
12290:
12261:
11846:
11634:
11481:
11076:
10764:
9947:
9574:
9468:
9375:
9328:
9249:
9085:
9021:
8784:
8675:
8641:
8599:
8443:
7672:
7532:
7424:
7327:
7288:
7066:
7023:
5812:
5580:
and one dry with curd, papad or pickle. Freshwater fish and a wide variety of vegetables are usually used in Sindhi cuisine.
5344:, to the heroic character of Marui, which distinguishes it among the contemporary folklores of the region. The love story of
2441:
1516:
1400:
1317:
12195:
12165:
11348:
10770:
8631:
6802:
14520:
12510:
8911:"Hispania [Publicaciones periódicas]. Volume 74, Number 3, September 1991 – Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes"
7317:
5920:
2764:(d. 160), among many others. Sindhi scholars also translated scientific texts from Sanskrit into Arabic, for instance, the
12225:
10008:
8918:
8126:
6070:
2674:. He was also a poet and few couplets of his poem in praise of Ali ibn Abu Talib have survived, as reported in Chachnama:
13952:
13075:
12329:
10433:
7184:
5765:. At present, these forms continue to co-exist, albeit in a varying degree, with Azad Nazm having an edge over them all.
5251:
and are sung to celebrate the occasion of marriage, birth and on other special days. They are mostly performed by women.
3932:
8501:
5797:
3576:
and lifestyle that are so different from the neighbouring regions. The Sindhi culture is also strongly practiced by the
14981:
14908:
14206:
13314:
12931:
12912:
12893:
9874:
9041:
8709:
After the death of Ashoka, ... in the Parethian Empire. Sindh then remained under the dynasties of Kushan and Sassanid.
6206:
767:
Having been isolated throughout history, unlike its neighbours, Sindhi culture has preserved its uniqueness. After the
11782:
8753:
8213:
6564:
5498:, which is celebrated regardless of religion to express their love for their culture. It is observed with great zeal.
3518:
13530:
13280:
13112:
12865:
12804:
11601:
10514:
10295:
10274:
10222:
9163:
9124:
8882:
7645:
6988:
6888:
6833:
6796:
6196:
6025:
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was translated, in the 8th or 9th century. There is evidence of Sindhi poets reciting their verses before the Muslim
3649:
1192:
9979:
9153:
7735:
5905:
14356:
13808:
13147:
13038:
9754:
5704:. The musical performances of the artists inspire the participants to dance to Sindhi tunes and the national song ‘
3629:
and has plans to being promoted further. It is also spoken by a further 1.7 million people in India, where it is a
2338:—descendants of the Samma dynasty, who ruled Sindh during 1351–1521 CE. These tribes belong to the same bloodline.
12601:
12251:
10354:
The Soomras of Sindh: their origin, main characteristics and rule. – an overview (general survey) (1025 – 1351 AD)
9075:
8586:
7704:
3588:
of the third millennium BC. Recent researches have traced the Indus valley civilization to even earlier ancestry.
14976:
14216:
12796:
Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam 7Th-11th Centuries
12480:
11519:
10458:
The Sammas were once, the owners of the land throughout Sindh, and formed the majority of the population of Sindh
7982:
6912:
5857:
2454:
1447:
1395:, which considered it necessary for the creation of Pakistan in future. Sindhis had contributed massively to the
11305:
7172:
Despite a shift away from habitual use of Sindhi language, they have maintained their cultural values and norms.
14095:
13167:
13107:
13068:
12636:
12376:
12132:
11863:"Sindhi Folk Dance Chhej - The Sindhu World Dance of Unity: Sindhi Group Dance: Cheti Chand: Bahrana: Jhulelal"
11252:
9690:
9660:
7614:
7499:
6454:
5674:
3925:
3886:
3241:, Hotwani, Harwani, Jagwani, Jamtani, Jobanputra, Jumani, Kateja, Kodwani, Khabrani, Khanchandani, Khushalani,
10727:
9392:
14080:
14039:
13879:
13232:
13202:
10167:
9827:
7891:
5890:
2450:
2409:
of Gujarat are communities of Sindhi Rajputs settled in India. Closely related to the Sindhi Rajputs are the
1385:
1313:
954:
13800:
8698:
3633:, without any state-level official status. Despite that there have been online methods for teaching Sindhi.
2118:
14798:
14226:
13947:
13907:
13127:
12570:
9842:"Hindu's converge at Ramapir Mela near Karachi seeking divine help for their security - The Times of India"
7765:
5712:
sittings to mark this annual festivity. Sindhi culture, history and heritage are highlighted at the events.
3653:
3630:
507:
9458:
7280:
The Baloch and Others: Linguistic, Historical and Socio-political Perspectives on Pluralism in Balochistan
6707:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4853:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4831:
4826:
4823:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4620:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4588:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
14991:
14400:
14349:
14144:
13290:
13242:
13237:
13172:
10478:
10066:
6528:
2574:, all of these cities had virtually been emptied of their Hindu population as a result of the partition.
1919:
1408:
1267:
meaning "speech". Thus, it signifies someone who speaks the language of the Jatts, i.e. a Jatt. The term
7359:
5526:
Compared to their Muslim counterparts, Hindu festivals are numerous and largely dependent on respective
1502:
14924:
14872:
14550:
13899:
13785:
13410:
13295:
13265:
13217:
10110:
Rahimdad Khan Molai Shedai; Janet ul Sindh; 3rd edition, 1993; Sindhi Adbi Board, Jamshoro; page no: 2.
9616:
9114:
8043:
7214:
6978:
6311:
6136:
3689:
3601:
3361:
2473:
1443:
800:
12693:
11033:
10797:
8758:. Pacific Northwest Regional Meeting, American Academy of Religion. Gonzaga University. Archived from
5626:. Hindu Sindhi cuisine is almost identical with the difference that beef is omitted. The influence of
5362:'s project of folklore and literature. This valuable project was accomplished by noted Sindhi scholar
14882:
14826:
14530:
13829:
13337:
13222:
13207:
13182:
13157:
13152:
13007:
12707:
11311:
7393:
7056:
7015:
6503:"Now, class 6th & 8th students of U.P. Govt schools to learn about Sindhi deities, personalities"
6211:
5067:
3626:
3585:
3549:. Sindh has been shaped by the largely desert region and the natural resources it had available. The
3546:
3449:
2776:
2655:
2232:
2091:
In 712, when Mohammed Bin Qasim invaded Sindh with 8000 cavalry while also receiving reinforcements,
1938:. Built around 2500 BCE., it was one of the largest settlements of the ancient Indus civilisation or
1934:. There are remnants of ancient cities and structures, with a notable example in Sindh being that of
1931:
1770:
1435:
1370:
1362:
924:
13016:
12721:
7445:
7134:
6614:
14750:
14575:
14545:
14515:
14130:
14125:
13572:
13192:
11927:
11748:
6266:
5881:
5279:, Although Chej has seen decline in Sindh it remains popular among Sindhi Hindus and the diaspora.
2641:
2637:
2155:
2123:
2015:
1428:
939:
934:
783:
and other parts of the world; some Sindhis fled and formed diasporas settling in countries such as
11975:
4933:
believed that Sindhi descended specifically from the Vrācaḍa dialect of Apabhramsha (described by
2497:
was the predominant religion in Sindh before the Arab Islamic conquest. The Chinese Buddhist monk
14996:
14191:
13912:
13584:
13227:
13187:
13177:
13142:
13137:
12747:
11095:
The cultural marks of the Bronze Age are found in Baluchistan, Makran, Khurram, Jhalwan and Sindh
10501:
10175:
9223:"Indian and Pakistani Sindhi expats together celebrate Sindhi Cultural Day with fanfare in Dubai"
6256:
5971:
5181:
Other genres are Lada/Sehra/Geech, Dhammal, Doheera etc. The Sindhi folk musical instruments are
5114:: (Ghazal, Wai and Nazm). The Sindhi language is considered to be one of the oldest languages of
4930:
3908:
2823:
2588:
2571:
2539:, around 73% of the population of Sindh was Muslim with almost 26% of the remaining being Hindu.
2509:
1959:
1906:
1392:
830:
39:
17:
8722:
6141:
944:
776:
14971:
14966:
14945:
14877:
14719:
14312:
14090:
13470:
13285:
13212:
13197:
13162:
9013:
6316:
6261:
6241:
5833:
5697:
5351:
Sindhi folk singers and women play a vital role in transmitting Sindhi folklore. They sang the
5337:
5244:
5103:
4970:
3891:
2771:
2446:
1840:
1766:
721:
698:
12942:
12794:
12218:"Sindhi Festivals - The Sindhu World Sindhi Cultural Heritage: Sindhi Folk Dance: Celebration"
9365:
9283:
8774:
8014:"'The Sindhis — Selling Anything, Anywhere' is story of the quintessential Sindhi businessman"
5030:
for women and long wide veil is important. Traditional dress for men is the Sindhi version of
2166:
1773:
that flourished from about 3000 BCE. The Indo-Aryan tribes of Sindh gave rise to the Iron Age
1223:, which translates as "river" or "sea body"; the Greeks used the term "Indos" to refer to the
14940:
14661:
14626:
14570:
14510:
14291:
14201:
14085:
13999:
13778:
13275:
13122:
13117:
13091:
8869:
7522:
7432:
7009:
6424:
6201:
6151:
5774:
3954:
3048:
2847:
2482:
2382:
2313:
2112:
1809:
1805:
1238:, and is now spelt "Sindh." Hence, the term "Sindhi" was also introduced to replace "Sindi".
1185:
1008:
12995:
SabSindhi-All About Sindhis, Music, Books, Magazines, People, Dictionary, Calendar, Keyboard
12067:
11442:
10243:
Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg, "The Chachnama", p. 43, The Commissioner's Press, Karachi (1900).
8312:"How did the Partition affect the people of Sindh? Using true stories, a new book finds out"
7185:"Excerpt: For Some Sindhi Diaspora Members, Navigating Multiple Identities Is Not a Problem"
7086:
2741:, the Islamic Empire, and became the "Arabian gateway" into India (later to become known as
1898:. Sindh became a separate province in 1936, and after independence became part of Pakistan.
14892:
14252:
14186:
14149:
13742:
11038:
10898:
10137:
5363:
5226:
3674:
3515:
cell, which shows similarities with those of Middle-East having 87% Caucasoid admixture.
3499:
3480:
3164:
2827:
2730:) in the year 658. Sayfi was one of the seven partisans of Ali who were beheaded alongside
2551:
2437:
2264:
2214:
1086:
989:
614:
219:
11444:
9391:
Sodhar, Muhammad Qasim; Memon, Ghulam Rashid; Mahesar, Ghulam Akbar (July–December 2015).
7461:"Allah Bux Soomro: The Sindhi Premier Who Fought The British & The Two-Nation Theory!"
2318:
2267:
is said to have reported victory to the Governor General with a one-word telegram, namely
1484:
Sindhis in Pakistan have their own province, Sindh, It also has the largest population of
1282:
1091:
8:
14851:
14831:
14714:
14601:
14560:
14540:
14196:
13990:
13894:
13752:
13619:
13599:
13430:
13348:
13132:
11722:
10352:
7164:
David, Maya Khemlani; Abbasi, Muhammad Hassan Abbasi; Ali, Hina Muhammad (January 2022).
6291:
6246:
6221:
5848:
5788:
5495:
5459:
5027:
5023:
4978:
3622:
2800:
2667:
2187:
2154:
allowed them to grab the rest of Sindh. It is during this the era that the famous Sindhi
2092:
1970:
1955:
1891:
1824:
1455:
1439:
1419:
and later Pakistan and its creation. The movement faced fierce political resistance from
1329:
1076:
796:
749:
79:
10902:
5586:
The arrival of Islam within India influenced the local cuisine to a great degree. Since
5079:
historians. It is established that Sindhi was the first eastern language into which the
1473:. Sindhis account for 14% of Pakistan's population with an estimated 34,250,000 people.
14887:
14631:
14372:
14247:
14139:
14112:
14025:
14010:
13757:
13737:
13722:
13525:
11667:
Sind Through the Centuries: An Introduction to Sind, a Progressive Province of Pakistan
11386:
10927:
10888:
10876:
10539:
9846:
9514:
9006:
6216:
6126:
6116:
5746:
5359:
4986:
4982:
4974:
3660:
3464:
3008:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2260:
1992:
systems, clusters of large non-residential buildings, and techniques of handicraft and
1852:
1801:
1774:
1729:
1420:
1039:
892:
768:
718:
13353:
12905:
The Making of Modern Sindh: British Policy and Social Change in the Nineteenth Century
11862:
10877:"Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe"
10749:
Papiha, Surinder Singh; Deka, Ranjan; Chakraborty, Ranajit (26 July – 1 August 1998).
10592:
7560:
Voices, Pingback: Looking Back at 2012 in South Asia-Part II · Global (7 April 2012).
7524:
The Politics of Ethnicity in Pakistan: The Baloch, Sindhi and Mohajir Ethnic Movements
2505:
for the task, who often just continued the roles they had in the previous Hindu rule.
1844:
14606:
14555:
14535:
14500:
14050:
14020:
13917:
13854:
13747:
13653:
12951:
12927:
12908:
12889:
12861:
12827:
12800:
12779:
12751:
12335:
12296:
12257:
12005:
11942:
11842:
11697:
11630:
11477:
11072:
10986:
10932:
10914:
10856:
10825:
10817:
10760:
10510:
10308:
10291:
10270:
10218:
9943:
9821:
9580:
9570:
9518:
9464:
9371:
9324:
9159:
9120:
9081:
9017:
8878:
8780:
8703:. Population Census Organisation, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan. 1999.
8671:
8637:
8595:
8567:
8449:
8439:
7668:
7641:
7585:
7528:
7323:
7284:
7165:
7062:
7019:
6984:
6954:
6884:
6829:
6792:
6730:"Census Profile, 2016 Census – Canada [Country] and Canada [Country]"
6226:
5803:
5719:
5491:
5432:
5423:
5352:
5231:
5210:
5130:
5072:
5063:
3896:
3668:
2831:
2761:
2702:
2547:
2283:
1848:
1416:
1396:
1366:
1344:
1321:
1096:
780:
13043:
13000:
Sindhi Sangat: promoting & preserving the Sindhi heritage, culture and language.
11807:
11154:"Pakistan: Sindh CM launches website aimed at digitising rare Sindhi language books"
10625:"In the story of Sindhi migration, Canary Islands played a small but important role"
14846:
14841:
14699:
14681:
14596:
14565:
14495:
14460:
14322:
14307:
14135:
13967:
13957:
13942:
13821:
11897:
10922:
10906:
10813:
10809:
9504:
9345:
9191:
8811:
8467:
6685:
6131:
6061:
5818:
5678:
5677:. It is celebrated with traditional enthusiasm to highlight the centuries-old rich
5560:
5455:
5156:
5039:
4954:
3681:
3625:
spoken by about 30 million people in the Pakistani province of Sindh, where it has
3615:
3512:
3218:
2731:
2563:
2555:
2517:
2477:
2175:
1939:
1901:
1760:
1725:
1698:
1497:
1424:
1242:
1231:
1178:
1052:
1027:
1020:
982:
917:
875:
858:
788:
737:
641:
553:
186:
11901:
9509:
9492:
2807:
has left a deep impact on Sindhi Muslims and this is visible through the numerous
2662:
in the year 649 CE and presented a report on the area to the Caliph. He supported
1461:
In Pakistan as per 2017 census, Sindhis are the third largest ethnic group, after
1403:
on 10 October 1938 under the condition for a self-government under leaderships of
14836:
14816:
14694:
14611:
14415:
14045:
14015:
14005:
13869:
13604:
13450:
13252:
13099:
13050:
13023:
13011:
12886:
Sindh through History and Representations: French Contributions to Sindhi Studies
12817:
12769:
12741:
12187:
12157:
11670:. Publicity and Publication Committee, Sind Through the Centuries Seminar. 1975.
11340:
10750:
7278:
7249:
6786:
6621:
6400:
6363:
6350:
6337:
6231:
6191:
6146:
6046:
6016:
5926:
5666:
5603:
5319:
5126:
5011:
5005:
4962:
3702:
3606:
3597:
3577:
3435:
3210:
3064:
3000:
2968:
2765:
2678:
2578:
2406:
2210:
2206:
2111:, 6000 fighting men were massacred with their families enslaved. The massacre at
2070:
1887:
1872:
1856:
1721:
1684:
1525:
1507:
1304:
definition for Sindh referred to the south of Indus and its neighboring regions.
1168:
1059:
1001:
972:
870:
865:
784:
741:
671:
540:
122:
69:
31:
14440:
14435:
14430:
11518:. University of Nebraska, United States of America: Textile Society of America.
11371:
11275:"Pakistan: Members of Sindh Assembly demand national language status for Sindhi"
7952:"After Partition, Sindhis Turned Displacement Into Determination and Enterprise"
3356:, Shahani, Shahukarani, Shivdasani, Sipahimalani (shortened to Sippy), Sitlani,
14755:
14729:
14666:
14636:
14616:
14445:
14395:
14155:
14070:
14060:
13975:
13922:
13859:
13839:
13732:
13727:
13670:
13609:
13520:
13505:
13405:
12813:
12217:
11561:
Sindhi literature is very rich and oldest literature in the world's literatures
11003:"Love for Sindhi language brings together Indian and Pakistani expats in Dubai"
10796:
Yasmin, Memona; Rakha, Allah; Noreen, Saadia; Salahuddin, Zeenat (1 May 2017).
6676:
David, Maya Khemlani (1999). "Language shift Amongst The Sindhis of Malaysia".
6306:
6276:
6271:
5986:
5941:
5762:
5547:
5480:
5414:
5367:
5138:
5031:
5019:
4993:
4941:, corresponding to modern Sindh) but later work has shown this to be unlikely.
3913:
3540:
3453:
3412:
2960:
2835:
2815:
2748:
Sindh produced many Muslim scholars early on, "men whose influence extended to
2366:
2346:
2331:
2257:
2195:
2160:
2062:
1977:
1973:
in 1980. The site is currently threatened by erosion and improper restoration.
1895:
1868:
1860:
1797:
1470:
1451:
1374:
1354:
1235:
1081:
949:
812:
733:
255:
13055:
12743:
A Population History of India: From the First Modern People to the Present Day
7425:"A History of Sindh from a Regional Perspective: Sindh and Making of Pakistan"
6689:
1886:, the first-level imperial division. Sindh again became independent under the
1855:
in 712 CE. Afterwards, Sindh was ruled by a series of dynasties including the
1163:
14960:
14867:
14671:
14656:
14646:
14470:
14455:
14450:
14405:
14075:
14055:
14035:
13932:
13864:
13849:
13700:
13695:
13665:
13589:
13555:
13475:
13395:
13363:
12765:
12541:"Canadian PM Justin Trudeau sends heartfelt greetings on Sindhi Cultural Day"
11946:
10918:
10821:
10759:. Williamsburg, Virginia: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 86.
9584:
8992:
Kalhoras ... were originally Channa Sindhis, and therefore converted Hindoos.
8493:
8453:
6367:
6301:
6296:
6251:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6076:
6031:
5896:
5863:
5735:
5623:
5595:
5486:
Sindhis are very festive and like to organize festivals to commemorate their
5405:
5396:
5345:
5341:
5160:
5115:
5047:
4966:
3877:
3664:
3472:
3254:
3242:
3230:
3176:
3128:
3080:
3024:
3020:
3012:
2972:
2964:
2955:
2875:
2780:
2469:
2402:
2394:
2386:
2350:
2342:
2335:
2282:
The British incorporated Sindh, some years later after annexing it, into the
2275:), which was later turned into a pun known as "Forgive me for I have Sindh".
2218:
2217:
in October 1947 as an autonomous region, before being fully amalgamated into
2191:
2130:
2066:
2019:
2001:
1947:
1879:
1864:
1836:
1733:
1702:
1521:
1276:
1253:
1247:
1211:
1121:
772:
744:. The historical homeland of Sindhis is bordered by the southeastern part of
682:
626:
237:
13306:
12399:"Sindhi Culture Day completes first decade of celebrations with great gusto"
12369:"Sindhi food: A vibrant cuisine hidden from the Pakistani and Indian public"
11774:
2581:(a dialect of Sindhi) is spoken in Sindh in Pakistan and Rajasthan in India.
14793:
14651:
14525:
14465:
14231:
14065:
13937:
13833:
13715:
13710:
13675:
13658:
13614:
13358:
11653:
They were the first Muslims to translate the Quran into the Sindhi language
11113:
10936:
10829:
10798:"Mitochondrial control region diversity in Sindhi ethnic group of Pakistan"
9808:. Pakistanhinducouncil.org.pk. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020
9534:"How refugees from Sindh rebuilt their lives – and India – after Partition"
8759:
8403:"Sindhi community has contributed to Singapore: PM Lee | The Straits Times"
8157:"2009: Kabul admitted having 500 Baloch, Sindhi separatists in Afghanistan"
6651:
6597:
6486:
6236:
6181:
6161:
6091:
5956:
5911:
5701:
5627:
5333:
5261:: The notable Sindhi dance which is celebrated by Sindhis across the world.
5151:
5119:
5015:
4958:
4950:
3637:
3484:
3408:
3404:
3076:
3052:
2613:
2100:
1989:
1935:
1720:, roughly two centuries ago to engage in business and trade. They came via
1529:
1301:
1297:
1101:
846:
201:
50:
46:
12571:"Cultural Activity Archives - World Sindhi Congress World Sindhi Congress"
11593:
10855:
Adnan, Atif; Rakha, Allah; Nazir, Shahid; Rehman, Ziaur (September 2019).
7167:
Young Sindhi Muslims in Cultural Maintenance in the Face of Language Shift
14770:
14765:
14760:
14641:
14621:
14485:
14480:
14165:
14100:
13844:
13705:
13567:
13545:
13510:
13500:
12994:
10041:"Scheduled castes have a separate box for them, but only if anybody knew"
9780:"Scheduled castes have a separate box for them, but only if anybody knew"
7861:"India's Sindhi community is flourishing but the going isn't always easy"
7562:"Pakistan: Immediate Reactions on the Death of Sindhi Nationalist Leader"
6281:
6111:
6106:
6001:
5689:
5535:
5515:
5511:
5214:
4946:
4926:
3554:
3550:
3476:
3353:
3349:
3238:
3152:
3144:
2525:
2417:
2410:
2358:
2202:
2183:
2037:
1981:
1951:
1690:
1540:
1334:
1224:
1146:
929:
745:
598:
327:
291:
75:
13060:
11390:
10910:
8755:
From Mongols to Mughals: Religious violence in India, 9th–18th centuries
8251:"Why the Partition of India was a tectonic event for Sri Lankan Sindhis"
3838:
2460:
Per community estimates, there are approximately 10,000 Sikhs in Sindh.
2201:
They ruled from 1783 until 1843, when they were in turn defeated by the
14788:
14734:
14709:
14591:
14490:
14275:
14030:
13985:
13562:
13490:
13465:
10959:. Karachi, Sindh: Culture and Tourism Department, Government of Sindh.
9642: Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan: Sindhi Adabi Board (1986). See p. 150.
6286:
6156:
6121:
5631:
5615:
5552:
5472:
5441:
5389:
5375:
5371:
5051:
4934:
3641:
3558:
3445:
3269:, Ratlani, Rajpal, Rustamani, Ruprela, Sambhavani, Santdasani, Soneji,
3184:
3180:
3168:
3140:
3132:
3084:
2996:
2429:
2028:
1993:
1404:
1377:
1325:
1069:
904:
897:
808:
804:
690:
548:
345:
11513:
10988:
Restraints of language and culture of Sindh: An historical perspective
10098:
The foreign policy of Pakistan: ethnic impacts on diplomacy, 1971–1994
9566:
In praise of death: history and poetry in medieval Marwar (South Asia)
8588:
With Alexander in India and Central Asia: Moving East and Back to West
8342:"Documenting Sri Lanka's Ethnic Minorities: The Other 2% - Roar Media"
6904:
6529:"Scheduled Languages in descending order of speaker's strength – 2011"
6485:
Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2024).
2080:, the Arab expansion towards the east reached the Sindh region beyond
1481:
Sindhis; as a result Sufism has become a marker of identity in Sindh.
14505:
14341:
13535:
13485:
13033:
12737:
12695:
Language Politics and Power in Pakistan: The Case of Sindh and Sindhi
9564:
8433:
7830:"Shortchanged by Partition, why Sindhis hold Karachi especially dear"
7638:"Sindhis are Sufi by Nature": Sufism as a Marker of Identity in Sindh
7492:"Making of the Sindhi identity: From Shah Latif to GM Syed to Bhutto"
7423:
Riffat, Fatima; Chawla, Muhammad Iqbal; Tariq, Adnan (30 June 2016).
6379:
5867:
5723:
5358:
Sindhi folklore has been compiled in a series of forty volumes under
5285:: is a dance performed by professionals to entertain visiting people.
5240:
5102:
Sindhi literature is the composition of oral and written scripts and
5092:
3657:
3569:
3488:
3457:
3416:
3321:
3313:
3266:
3088:
2752:
where the people thought highly of their learning", in particular in
2738:
2623:
2546:
in 1947, during which most migrated to modern-day India according to
2138:
1748:
1744:
1717:
1544:
622:
525:
489:
453:
417:
399:
309:
12628:
12368:
12124:
11411:
11244:
9682:
9652:
9364:
Long, Roger D.; Singh, Gurharpal; Samad, Yunas; Talbot, Ian (2015).
9077:
Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey
8435:
Land of the seven rivers : a brief history of India's geography
7606:
6450:
5715:
5122:
inhabitants. Sindhi literature has developed over a thousand years.
2756:, with the likes of poet Abu al- 'Ata Sindhi (d. 159) or hadith and
1736:
left their home province. Today they are mainly concentrated around
1689:
Today many Sindhis live outside Pakistan and India, particularly in
1454:
in 2007, starting from 2008 and lasting until 2012 and the death of
575:
14724:
14475:
14259:
13643:
13626:
13385:
12775:
11379:
Bulletin of the Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute
10893:
10470:
9116:
The Problem of "Greater Baluchistan": A Study of Baluch Nationalism
7922:"Most billionaires in India today once resided in Pakistan's Sindh"
7491:
5464:
5096:
3645:
3565:
3564:
The local climate also reflects why the Sindhis have the language,
3531:
3441:
3396:
3369:
3357:
3262:
3246:
3214:
2711:
2632:
2603:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2361:, Bhanbhros, Mahendros, Buriros, Bhachos, Chohans, Lakha, Sahetas,
2179:
2077:
2050:
2033:
1985:
1694:
1466:
1462:
1381:
1272:
1217:
725:
713:
618:
594:
273:
163:
11544:
Art, Culture and Heritage of India: for Civil Services Examination
11443:
Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
10719:
10252:
Ibn Athir, Vol. 3, pp. 45–46, 381, as cited in: S. A. N. Rezavi, "
8571:
5534:
have festivals based on a certain deity; common festivals include
4909:
1693:, where there are an estimated 25,000 of them, largely engaged in
116:
13648:
13594:
13460:
13390:
13373:
6615:
http://www.ophrd.gov.pk/SiteImage/Downloads/Year-Book-2017-18.pdf
5750:
5647:
5607:
5487:
5328:
A Sindhi Ajrak, which is a traditional and ancient shawl of Sindh
5198:
5186:
5182:
5134:
5088:
5084:
3677:
3573:
3448:
from the Sindh became mainstream after the 19th century with the
3400:
3377:
3365:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3309:
3301:
3297:
3278:
3258:
3234:
3192:
3160:
3156:
3100:
3060:
3044:
3032:
3028:
2942:
2822:
doctrines and principles. Some of the popular cultural icons are
2567:
2513:
2378:
2244:
2142:
2115:
has various accounts of 6,000 to 26,000 inhabitants slaughtered.
2085:
2058:
2054:
1997:
1890:. The British conquered Sindh in 1843 after their victory in the
1789:
1737:
1536:
1478:
1134:
761:
12988:
Virtual Home of Global Sindhi Community Everything about Sindhis
12987:
12659:"Pakistan: Sindh CM celebrates Sindhi Culture Day with students"
12629:"Showcasing local cultures, Sindh Craft Festival gets under way"
10307:
Mazheruddin Siddiqui, "Muslim culture in Pakistan and India" in
9367:
State and Nation-Building in Pakistan: Beyond Islam and Security
8104:
5643:
2577:
Hindus were also spread over the rural areas of Sindh province.
2542:
Hindus in Sindh were concentrated in the urban areas before the
30:
This article is about the ethnic group. For their language, see
14170:
13874:
13636:
13550:
13540:
13455:
13420:
13400:
13368:
12726:
International Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (Irjah)
9962:
Shu Hikosaka, G. John Samuel, Can̲ārttanam Pārttacārati (ed.),
8652:
Kings and conquerors invade time and again, for a gain in Sindh
7983:"Why Are Gujaratis, Marwaris, Sindhis So Good At Making Money?"
7800:"Who orchestrated the exodus of Sindhi Hindus after Partition?"
6703:
6387:
6383:
6186:
5587:
5573:
5531:
5507:
5476:
5194:
5190:
5111:
5091:. It is also recorded that treatises were written in Sindhi on
5038:
and above kameez or kurta a traditional embroidered or printed
3685:
3508:
3468:
3420:
3392:
3381:
3317:
3305:
3289:
3274:
3226:
3222:
3200:
3188:
3148:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3092:
3056:
3040:
3036:
3016:
2980:
2976:
2947:
2857:
2808:
2804:
2790:
2753:
2727:
2718:
2714:
2707:
2659:
2559:
2521:
2398:
2390:
2374:
2362:
2354:
2327:
2287:
2241:
2237:
2146:
2084:. An initial expedition in the region, launched because of the
2081:
1967:
1823:'Gateway of Islam'), as it was one of the first regions of the
1713:
1709:
1515:
status with no native homeland to claim, they chose to live in
1485:
1474:
792:
753:
471:
381:
78:, you may see unjoined letters or other symbols instead of
12999:
7120:. Sindh: Culture Department, Government of Sindh. p. 17.
3829:
3340:, Manghirmalani, Manglani, Manshani, Mansukhani, Mirchandani,
2322:
Sindhi-inhabited areas of Pakistan (yellow) in the early 1980s
2095:
instructed him not to spare anyone in Debal. According to the
659:
14821:
14704:
13980:
13812:
13803:
13685:
13631:
13004:
11245:"Govt, opposition demand national language status for Sindhi"
11214:"Members decry delay in declaring Sindhi a national language"
10873:
10610:
The Musalman Races found in Sind, Baluchistan and Afghanistan
9460:
The Making of Exile: Sindhi Hindus and the Partition of India
5758:
5754:
5693:
5655:
5651:
5619:
5591:
5577:
5569:
5527:
5468:
5206:
5202:
5107:
5080:
5043:
5035:
3901:
3610:
Cover of a book containing the epic Dodo Chanesar written in
3293:
3270:
3250:
3172:
3096:
3072:
2988:
2984:
2866:
2853:
2787:
2414:
2370:
2272:
2151:
2134:
1778:
1488:
in Pakistan, with 93% of Pakistani Hindus residing in Sindh.
1227:
and the surrounding region, which is where Sindhi is spoken.
1141:
1064:
959:
882:
816:
757:
729:
435:
181:
35:
10752:
Genomic Diversity: Applications in Human Population Genetics
10690:"They made a life in Hong Kong: Hindus on India's partition"
8372:"They made a life in Hong Kong: Hindus on India's partition"
7607:"Pakistan's population is 207.68m, shows 2017 census result"
6451:"Pakistan's population is 207.68m, shows 2017 census result"
3324:, Kandharani, Karnani, Kewalramani, Khubchandani, Kriplani,
3296:, Ajwani, Bathija, Bhambhani, Bhavnani, Bijlani, Chhablani,
1697:. In addition, during the crackdown on separatist groups by
1234:سند) was discontinued in 1988 by an amendment passed in the
13577:
13028:
12098:"Sindh Cultural Day being celebrated today across Pakistan"
10795:
6826:
Contentious belonging: the place of minorities in Indonesia
5611:
5599:
5175:
5164:
5163:
is a Pakistani singer of Sindhi descent and an exponent of
5076:
4922:
3835:
3209:
Aishani, Agahni, Aneja, Anandani, Ambwani, Asija, Bablani,
3136:
3068:
2951:
2860:, all of these tribes have significant influence in Sindh.
2819:
2797:
2793:
2757:
2749:
2671:
2194:, and for most of their rule, they were subordinate to the
2053:. After 632 CE., it was part of the Islamic empires of the
1943:
1259:
1151:
820:
363:
10397:
Historical Atlas of Soomra Kingdom of Sindh (1011–1351 AD)
10286:
Tabarî, 2:129, 143, 147, as cited in: Derryl N. Maclean,"
9008:
Migrants and Militants: Fun and Urban Violence in Pakistan
7247:
6881:
Cosmopolitan connections: the Sindhi diaspora, 1860 - 2000
5022:
and Ghagho, Abho or Jubo (different types of frocks) with
3865:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3754:
3751:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3237:, Dolani, Dudeja, Gajwani, Gangwani, Ganglani, Gulrajani,
1843:, but the region did not come under Muslim rule until the
12511:"PM felicitates Sindh people on culture day celebrations"
11778:
9250:"From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh"
8975:
Sindh, and the Races that Inhabit the Valley of the Indus
8516:
5385:
of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai. Some notable tales include:
3832:
2663:
2108:
650:
12858:
The Case of Sindh: G.M. Sayed's Deposition for the Court
12451:"Sindhi Culture Day being celebrated across Sindh today"
12421:"Sindhi Culture Day being celebrated across Sindh today"
12038:"Three-day Sindhi Culture Day family festival kicks off"
10863:: 5 – via International Journal of Immunogenetics.
10720:"Homepage of Sindhi Association of Hongkong & China"
10339:
Sufi saints and state power: the pirs of Sind, 1843–1947
9974:
9972:
8494:"Mohenjo Daro: Could this ancient city be lost forever?"
5324:
5303:
A dance performed by fishermen and fisherwomen of Sindh.
2856:
in Sindh include Soomros, Sammas, Kalhoras, Bhuttos and
45:"Sindhi people" redirects here. Not to be confused with
11412:"CCI defers approval of census results until elections"
10009:"TABLE 9 - POPULATION BY SEX, RELIGION AND RURAL/URBAN"
9393:"British annexation of Sindh: The Opium Economy Factor"
9155:
Hidden Caliphate: Sufi Saints Beyond the Oxus and Indus
8540:
7736:"Religious profile of today's Pakistani Sindh Province"
7277:
Jahani, Carina; Korn, Agnes; Titus, Paul Brian (2008).
7058:
In Search of Lost Glory: Sindhi Nationalism in Pakistan
2145:
in Sindh. Mughal rule from their provincial capital of
1438:
in 1971, G. M. Syed and other nationalists inspired by
12245:
12243:
10313:
Islam, the Straight Path: Islam Interpreted by Muslims
8667:
S. Chand's Simplified Course in Ancient Indian History
6784:
1477:
has been an important aspect in the spiritual life of
72:, written from right to left with some letters joined.
10854:
10748:
9969:
8075:"Bhagwat lauds contribution of Sindhis to the nation"
5590:
are forbidden to eat pork or consume alcohol and the
2129:
In the late 16th century, Sindh was brought into the
1976:
The cities of the ancient Indus were noted for their
1930:
Sindh and surrounding areas contain the ruins of the
1551:
Population break up by states (Census of India 2011)
662:
653:
647:
590:
13005:
Sindhi Jagat: All India Sindhi Consolidating Centre.
11941:(4). Badlapur: Bharat College of Arts and Commerce.
11109:"A Burst of Clues to South Asians' Genetic Ancestry"
10326:
The historical background of Pakistan and its people
9363:
9337:
from the original on 13 February 2023. p. 404:
9192:"The Royal Talpurs of Sindh – Historical Background"
9042:"History of Khairpur and the royal Talpurs of Sindh"
7248:
Westphal-Hellbusch, Sigrid; Westphal, Heinz (1986).
6748:
6484:
5749:
of Pakistan in 1947, these forms were reinforced by
5741:
a variety of genres like other developed languages.
1701:
an estimated 400-500 Sindhi separatists, along with
1263:
referring to the tribe by that name, and the suffix
703:
656:
12240:
12125:"Sindhi Culture Day observed with zeal in province"
10234:چچ نامہ، سندھی ادبی بورڈ، صفحہ 102، جامشورو، (2018)
9740:
8834:
5381:The most famous Sindhi folk tales are known as the
1777:, which lasted until 500 BCE. During this era, the
644:
12292:Lines in Water: Religious Boundaries in South Asia
11184:"India's first Sindhi OTT App launch - SINDHIPLEX"
10985:Shahriar, Ambreen; Bughio, Faraz Ali (June 2014).
9906:"Shikarpur's Sikhs serve humanity beyond religion"
9615:
9390:
9005:
8468:"Mohenjo-Daro: An Ancient Indus Valley Metropolis"
8044:"How Sindhis do Business, An Excerpt from 'Paiso'"
7135:"The Sindh diaspora: India and the United Kingdom"
6536:Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India
3673:Sindhi is believed to be originated from an older
3281:, Varlani, Vishnani, Visrani, Virwani and Valbani
2178:, another ruled over upper Sindh from the city of
1743:Rich Sindhi communities can also be found in both
12874:
12819:The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy, and Society
12289:Kent, Eliza F.; Kassam, Tazim R. (12 July 2013).
11894:Folklore: Sindhi Folklore, An Introductory Survey
11445:"C-16: Population by mother tongue, India - 2011"
9359:
9357:
8960:Kalhoras a local Sindhi tribe of Channa origin...
7859:Ganesan, Nikita Puri and Ranjita (8 March 2019).
7422:
7367:. University of London: Sani Panhwar Publishers.
5594:dietary guidelines are strictly observed, Muslim
5355:in songs with passion in every village of Sindh.
5197:, Khartal/Chapri/Dando, Sarangi, Surando, Benjo,
2486:Vintage group photo of Indian Hindu Sindhi people
1532:, all of whom had families that came from Sindh.
14958:
10403:. Karachi: Soomra National Council. p. 74.
6983:. Institute of Sindhology, University of Sindh.
6788:Rising India and Indian Communities in East Asia
2554:, Hindus formed around 74% of the population of
2436:Sindh also has Pakistan's highest percentage of
12158:"Festivals In Pakistan List of cultural events"
10095:
9875:"Sindh Hindu Marriage Act—relief or restraint?"
9753:. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Archived from
9716:"SALIENT FEATURES OF FINAL RESULTS CENSUS-2017"
9710:
9708:
9339:upposedly sent by Napier to Lord Ellenborough;
8965:
8460:
8431:
7705:"Hindus under the official Muslims of Pakistan"
7276:
6905:"About | The Hindu Community of Gibraltar"
6785:Kesavapany, K.; Mani, A.; Ramasamy, P. (2008).
5267:Performed on weddings and on special occasions.
5014:varies from tribe to tribe but most common are
4917:The name "Sindhi" is derived from the Sanskrit
2334:, who ruled Sindh during 970–1351 C.E.—and the
14987:Ethnic groups divided by international borders
11065:Sharma, Ram Nath; Sharma, Rajendra K. (1997).
10984:
9354:
8933:
8772:
8183:"Proud of their heritage; proud to be Lankans"
7163:
5099:and history during the 8th and 9th centuries.
3557:(that defines its borders) also supported the
3452:. A number of Sindhi traders emigrated to the
3155:, Rajar, Dahri, Mangi, Tunio, Gaho, Ghanghro,
2397:, etc. One of the oldest Sindhi tribes is the
14357:
13786:
13336:
13322:
13076:
12327:
12249:
12006:"Legendary Folk Tales of Sindh - Moomal Rano"
11836:
10658:. United Kingdom: Oxford Brookes University.
10362:Literary Conference on Soomra Period in Sindh
3933:
2737:In 712 C.E., Sindh was incorporated into the
1431:, which were against Sindh joining Pakistan.
1401:Muslim state resolution in the Sindh assembly
1186:
12732:, Department of Culture, Government of Sindh
12481:"Sindhi Cultural Day being celebrated today"
11064:
10687:
10661:merchants trading across the British Empire.
10100:. London: I B Tauris and Co Ltd. p. 46.
9705:
9490:
9425:British Policy towards Sindh upto Annexation
8127:"Hinduism in ancient and modern Afghanistan"
5439:
5430:
5421:
5412:
5403:
5394:
4810:
4798:
4786:
4774:
4762:
4750:
4738:
4726:
4714:
4702:
4690:
4678:
4666:
4575:
4563:
4551:
4539:
4527:
4515:
4503:
4491:
4479:
4467:
4455:
4443:
4431:
4350:
4338:
4326:
4314:
4302:
4290:
4278:
4266:
4254:
4242:
4230:
4218:
4206:
4119:
4107:
4095:
4083:
4071:
4059:
4047:
4035:
4023:
4011:
3999:
3987:
3975:
3959:
3709:
2286:. The distance from the provincial capital,
1946:, contemporaneous with the civilizations of
1882:conquered Sindh in 1591 and organized it as
11808:"An Introduction To Sindhi Dance And Music"
11575:The Teaching of Sindhi and Sindhi Ethnicity
10622:
10341:. No. 50. Cambridge University Press, 1992.
9964:Buddhist themes in modern Indian literature
9933:
9931:
9073:
8566:(in Urdu). Lucknow, India: Dilgudaz Press.
7590:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
6980:Papers on Sindhi Language & Linguistics
5273:: is a mystical dance performed by Dervish.
2182:, a third ruled around the eastern city of
1111:
14364:
14350:
13793:
13779:
13329:
13315:
13083:
13069:
12771:The Ancient Indus Valley: New Perspectives
12288:
11307:Sindhi Language and Literature at a Glance
10608:Ansari, Sheikh Sadik Ali Sher Ali (1901).
10590:
10544:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
10001:
9497:South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
9422:Khera, P. N.; Khan, Shafaat Ahmed (1941).
6823:
5944:, 11th and 13th prime minister of Pakistan
5576:) and rice accompanied by two dishes, one
5538:(Sindhi new-year) Teejri, Thadri, Utraan.
5213:, Duhl Sharnai and Muto, Nagaro, Danburo,
5118:, due to the influence of the language of
4913:Farsi (perso-Arabic) or Shikarpuri Sindhi.
3940:
3926:
3535:"Natives of Sinde", in traditional Shalwar
3352:, Raisinghani, Ramsinghani, Rijhsanghani,
2786:The majority of Muslim Sindhis follow the
1411:. Sindh thus became the first province of
1290:
1193:
1179:
115:
13090:
13017:Sindhi Surnames Origin – Trace your roots
12907:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
12888:(1st ed.). Oxford University Press.
12705:
11695:
10926:
10892:
10315:, Motilal Banarsidass Publ., 1987, p. 299
9562:
9508:
9421:
9316:
9119:. Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden. p. 121.
8943:The Temple of Sun God: Relics of the Past
8861:
7459:Wangchuk, Rinchen Norbu (6 August 2018).
7357:
5654:variety from Pakistan and among the Best
5235:Sindhi Ho Jamalo dance performed in Sindh
5110:: (romantic tales, and epic stories) and
4929:). 20th century Western scholars such as
2656:companion of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad
2307:
1716:, which is the now modern day country of
1708:Another group of Sindhis migrated to the
1286:Global distribution of Sindhis population
1230:The historical spelling "Sind" (from the
13271:Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
12921:
12764:
12602:"Sindhi Culture Day celebrated in Sindh"
11775:"Sindhi music on the streets of Karachi"
11511:
11369:
11242:
9928:
9531:
9456:
9158:. Harvard University Press. p. 53.
9003:
8776:The Spread of Islam Throughout the World
8773:El Hareir, Idris; Mbaye, Ravane (2012),
8546:
8309:
8073:Service, Statesman News (1 April 2023).
7635:
7490:Paracha, Nadeem F. (10 September 2015).
7458:
6791:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
6565:"How many Sindhis live in India? Part 2"
5714:
5642:
5551:
5463:
5323:
5230:
5155:
4908:
3605:
3530:
3517:
3498:
2770:
2701:
2631:
2481:
2317:
2231:
2198:and were forced to pay tribute to them.
2165:
2117:
2027:
1900:
1831:. Parts of the modern-day province were
1786:Achaemenid empire conquered Indus valley
1501:
1333:
1281:
1245:, the traditional terms for Sindhis are
12924:Sindh: Stories from a Vanished Homeland
12366:
12328:Reejhsinghani, Aroona (4 August 2004).
11928:"Sindhi Folklore and Sindhi Folk Tales"
11925:
11802:
11800:
11622:
10949:
10623:Kamalakaran, Ajay (21 September 2022).
10393:
9937:
9866:
9477:from the original on 13 February 2023.
9320:Concise Oxford Dictionary of Quotations
9012:. Princeton University Press. pp.
8872:The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia
8867:
8707:from the original on 13 February 2023.
8684:from the original on 13 February 2023.
8650:from the original on 13 February 2023.
8072:
7858:
7660:
7604:
7520:
7489:
7315:
7115:
3273:, Sewani, Tejwani, Tilokani, Tirthani,
2076:After the death of the Islamic prophet
14:
14959:
14371:
12944:A Monograph on Sindh through Centuries
12940:
12902:
12883:
12812:
12719:
12691:
12152:
12150:
12122:
11921:
11919:
11917:
11915:
11891:
11785:from the original on 27 September 2016
11572:
11469:
11303:
11032:Dootio, Mazhar Ali (6 December 2018).
11031:
10607:
10499:
10427:
10425:
9966:, Inst. of Asian Studies, 1992, p. 268
9897:
9653:"History of Sufism in Sindh discussed"
9285:A Monograph on Sindh through centuries
9281:
9277:
9275:
9112:
9069:
9067:
8971:
8846:
8766:
8558:
8522:
7640:. HAL Open Science. pp. 212–227.
7559:
7502:from the original on 13 September 2022
7118:Archaeology, Art and Religion in Sindh
6959:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
6878:
6736:from the original on 20 September 2022
6480:
6478:
6476:
6474:
6472:
5137:, Sindhi had a great influence on the
5106:in the Sindhi language in the form of
5054:. Ajrak is added to dress for allure.
3553:that passes through the land, and the
1815:Sindh is sometimes referred to as the
791:. Pakistani Sindhis are predominantly
27:Ethnic group native to Sindh, Pakistan
14345:
14331:Sindh Tourism Development Corporation
13774:
13310:
13064:
12736:
12669:from the original on 20 December 2022
12626:
12379:from the original on 15 December 2022
12348:from the original on 15 December 2022
12309:from the original on 15 December 2022
12270:from the original on 15 December 2022
11749:"Indigenous Sindhi Music Instruments"
11674:from the original on 15 February 2023
11643:from the original on 15 February 2023
11591:
11551:from the original on 15 February 2023
11490:from the original on 15 February 2023
11351:from the original on 28 December 2013
11285:from the original on 23 February 2023
11255:from the original on 23 February 2023
11121:from the original on 22 December 2022
11106:
11085:from the original on 15 February 2023
11046:from the original on 22 December 2022
11013:from the original on 28 February 2023
10953:The Story Of The Ancient Indus People
10836:from the original on 21 November 2023
10672:
10456:– via Sani Panhwar Publishers.
9989:from the original on 26 December 2018
9916:from the original on 27 February 2021
9903:
9872:
9854:from the original on 10 February 2023
9247:
9220:
9202:from the original on 11 February 2020
9052:from the original on 24 December 2022
8982:from the original on 25 February 2023
8950:from the original on 25 February 2023
8939:
8822:from the original on 25 February 2023
8629:
8584:
8534:
8474:from the original on 24 November 2015
8352:from the original on 13 February 2023
8322:from the original on 13 February 2023
8291:from the original on 13 February 2023
8248:
8230:from the original on 13 February 2023
7980:
7733:
7681:from the original on 13 February 2023
7617:from the original on 28 December 2022
7336:from the original on 13 February 2023
7297:from the original on 25 February 2023
7258:from the original on 25 February 2023
7229:from the original on 20 December 2021
6972:
6970:
6684:(1). Cambridge University Press: 61.
6675:
6592:
6590:
6588:
6586:
6545:from the original on 14 November 2018
5974:, Sindhi philosopher and educationist
5050:(shawls) with either Sindhi Patko or
2326:The two main tribes of Sindh are the
1925:
1318:Pakistan Resolution in Sindh assembly
1279:for Sindhis in their census records.
1271:historically encompassed Sindhis and
724:, originating from and native to the
712:
14612:Baba-e-Sindh Comrade Hyder Bux Jatoi
12875:Mahirchand Advani, Bherumal (1919).
12855:
12792:
12639:from the original on 4 December 2022
12608:from the original on 6 December 2016
12581:from the original on 27 October 2020
12551:from the original on 4 December 2022
12521:from the original on 4 December 2022
12491:from the original on 5 December 2022
12461:from the original on 5 December 2022
12443:
12409:from the original on 4 February 2022
12391:
12228:from the original on 12 January 2023
12198:from the original on 12 January 2023
12168:from the original on 12 January 2023
12135:from the original on 12 January 2023
12078:from the original on 12 January 2023
12048:from the original on 12 January 2023
11797:
11755:from the original on 11 January 2023
11729:from the original on 11 January 2023
11451:from the original on 14 October 2022
11318:from the original on 2 November 2023
11243:Siddiqui, Tahir (22 February 2023).
11194:from the original on 2 February 2023
11164:from the original on 2 February 2023
10773:from the original on 2 November 2023
10730:from the original on 15 January 2023
10700:from the original on 15 January 2023
10653:
10635:from the original on 13 January 2023
10534:– via Sani Panhwar Publishers.
10431:
10350:
10047:from the original on 25 January 2021
9786:from the original on 25 January 2021
9748:"Religion in Pakistan (2017 Census)"
9693:from the original on 4 December 2022
9663:from the original on 8 December 2022
9609:
9544:from the original on 10 October 2022
9491:Kumar, Priya; Kothari, Rita (2016).
9184:
9172:from the original on 16 January 2023
9151:
9133:from the original on 16 January 2023
9074:Solomon, R. V.; Bond, J. W. (2006).
8972:Burton, Sir Richard Francis (1851).
8946:. Sangam Publications. p. 175.
8840:
8751:
8745:
8733:from the original on 15 January 2021
8700:1998 District Census Report of Sindh
8504:from the original on 13 January 2023
8400:
8382:from the original on 15 January 2023
8054:from the original on 2 February 2023
8024:from the original on 2 February 2023
7993:from the original on 2 February 2023
7962:from the original on 22 January 2023
7902:from the original on 22 January 2023
7871:from the original on 22 January 2023
7840:from the original on 22 January 2023
7810:from the original on 23 January 2022
7780:from the original on 22 January 2023
7734:Singh, Rajkumar (11 November 2019).
7521:Siddiqi, Farhan Hanif (4 May 2012).
7195:from the original on 19 January 2023
7145:from the original on 19 January 2023
7054:
7032:from the original on 2 November 2023
6976:
6915:from the original on 13 January 2023
6860:from the original on 30 January 2023
6710:from the original on 15 January 2023
6457:from the original on 17 October 2022
6019:, American Sindhi comedian and actor
5914:, 7th deputy prime minister of India
5510:celebrate Islamic festivals such as
5366:. Folk tales such as Dodo Chanesar,
4999:
3696:in independent Pakistan after 1947.
3545:Sindhi culture has its roots in the
3507:Sindhis exhibit high frequencies of
3471:, especially to the United Kingdom,
3265:, Nankani, Nathani, Parwani, Phull,
2293:
2170:Sindhi helmet, 1700s, Kalhoro period
2088:attacks on Arabs in 711–12, failed.
2008:
1338:Northern portion of Bombay province.
1216:The name Sindhi is derived from the
150:Regions with significant populations
13953:Sindh Coastal Development Authority
13039:Sindhi Association of North America
12967:from the original on 8 January 2022
12599:
12431:from the original on 3 January 2023
12147:
11912:
11873:from the original on 9 January 2023
11818:from the original on 9 January 2023
11626:Sindhi Roots & Rituals - Part 1
11604:from the original on 4 January 2023
11592:Anwar, Tauseef (29 December 2016).
11473:Doing Business in India For Dummies
11470:Manian, Ranjini (9 February 2011).
11372:"The Origin of the Sindhi Language"
11034:"Sindhi culture and its importance"
10991:. Vol. 48. Grassroots Journal.
10500:Taseer, Salman (3 September 1979).
10422:
10077:from the original on 17 August 2017
9569:. Leiden: Leiden University Press.
9298:from the original on 8 January 2022
9272:
9064:
8720:
8663:
8633:Sindhi Roots & Rituals – Part 1
8310:Aggarwal, Saaz (10 November 2022).
8011:
7889:
7746:from the original on 1 January 2023
7715:from the original on 1 January 2023
7664:Sindhi Roots & Rituals - Part 1
7394:"Sindh's role in Pakistan movement"
7216:Sindhi Manual: Language and Culture
7097:from the original on 4 January 2023
7075:from the original on 12 March 2023.
6997:from the original on 12 March 2023.
6678:South Pacific Journal of Psychology
6469:
5884:, Sindhi Sufi saint of 18th century
5670:
5378:are examples of Sindhi folk tales.
5239:Dances of Sindh include the famous
3962:ڄ ٺ ٽ ٿ ڀ ٻ ڙ ڍ ڊ ڏ ڌ ڇ ڃ ڦ ڻ ڱ ڳ ڪ
3561:traditions among the local people.
1257:. They are derived from the prefix
24:
12848:
11986:from the original on 11 April 2022
11623:Harjani, Dayal N. (19 July 2018).
11224:from the original on 12 March 2023
11141:The Linguistics Student's Handbook
11071:. Atlantic Publishers & Dist.
10328:, Tanzeem Publishers, 1973, p. 109
10168:"Population According to Religion"
10067:"Partition and the "other" Sindhi"
10021:from the original on 9 August 2022
9612:"The People and The Land of Sindh"
9591:from the original on 12 March 2023
9431:. India: Sani Panhwar Publishers.
9214:
9094:from the original on 12 March 2023
8891:from the original on 12 March 2023
8793:from the original on 12 March 2023
8261:from the original on 18 March 2023
8212:India, Ministry External Affairs.
7661:Harjani, Dayal N. (19 July 2018).
7541:from the original on 16 March 2023
7471:from the original on 22 March 2023
7404:from the original on 12 March 2023
6967:
6824:Fealy, Greg; Ricci, Ronit (2019).
6805:from the original on 12 March 2023
6583:
6571:from the original on 3 August 2023
6488:Ethnologue: Languages of the World
6431:from the original on 22 March 2021
6207:List of Sindhi-language newspapers
5791:, ninth prime minister of Pakistan
4953:that encompasses the districts of
3467:, many Sindhi Hindus emigrated to
3183:, Rahujo, Katpar, Pechuho, Bhayo,
2811:which dot the landscape of Sindh.
2683:
2044:
1384:that resulted in the formation of
845:
779:migrated to the newly independent
25:
15008:
12981:
12950:. SMI University Press, Karachi.
11956:from the original on 10 June 2023
11698:"Sindhi Language and its History"
11540:
11422:from the original on 20 June 2020
11107:Zhang, Sarah (5 September 2019).
10966:from the original on 14 July 2022
10677:. Malaysia: University of Malaya.
10288:Religion and Society in Arab Sind
10267:Religion and Society in Arab Sind
10215:Religion and Society in Arab Sind
10186:from the original on 9 March 2021
9940:Religion and Society in Arab Sind
9885:from the original on 13 June 2021
9532:Aggarwal, Saaz (13 August 2022).
9403:from the original on 25 July 2020
9229:from the original on 22 July 2022
9221:Ahmed, Ashfaq (7 December 2021).
8611:from the original on 23 June 2023
8281:"The story of the Lankan Sindhis"
8211:
8193:from the original on 7 March 2023
8137:from the original on 27 July 2022
8085:from the original on 5 April 2023
7007:
6828:. ISEAS publishing. p. 215.
6509:from the original on 18 July 2023
6197:Sindhi language media in Pakistan
5929:, notable Indian fashion designer
5768:
2648:
2263:conquered Sindh in 1843. General
2158:composed his classic Sindhi text
1765:Sindh was the site of one of the
1275:, and was frequently used by the
34:. For their native homeland, see
14414:
13802:
12922:Aggarwal, Saaz (November 2012).
12651:
12620:
12593:
12563:
12533:
12503:
12473:
12367:Jillani, Maryam (2 April 2019).
12360:
12321:
12282:
12210:
12180:
12123:Report, Dawn (5 December 2022).
12116:
12090:
12060:
12030:
12018:from the original on 5 July 2022
11998:
11968:
11885:
11855:
11830:
11767:
11741:
11715:
11689:
11658:
11616:
11585:
11566:
11534:
11522:from the original on 6 June 2023
11505:
11463:
11436:
11404:
11363:
11333:
11297:
11267:
11236:
11206:
11176:
11146:
11133:
11100:
11058:
11025:
10995:
10978:
10943:
10867:
10848:
10789:
10742:
10712:
10681:
10666:
10647:
10616:
10601:
10584:
10552:
10526:from the original on 29 May 2023
10493:
10463:
10448:from the original on 29 May 2023
10410:from the original on 29 May 2023
10387:
10371:from the original on 3 June 2023
10344:
10331:
10318:
10301:
10280:
10259:
10246:
10237:
10228:
10207:
10198:
10160:
10122:
10113:
10104:
10089:
10059:
10033:
9956:
9942:. BRILL. pp. 12–14, 77–78.
9834:
9798:
9772:
9675:
9645:
9632:
9603:
9556:
9525:
9484:
9450:
9438:from the original on 3 June 2023
9415:
9384:
9310:
9291:. SMI University Press Karachi.
9260:from the original on 7 June 2019
8432:Sanyal, Sanjeev (10 July 2013).
8413:from the original on 11 May 2023
7981:Dogra, Palak (29 January 2023).
7374:from the original on 4 June 2023
6850:"SBS Australian Census Explorer"
6393:
6382:products, seal carving, work in
6084:
6069:
6054:
6039:
6034:, Indian billionaire businessman
6024:
6009:
5994:
5979:
5964:
5949:
5934:
5919:
5904:
5889:
5874:
5856:
5841:
5826:
5811:
5796:
5781:
3213:, Bhagwani, Bhaglani, Bhojwani,
2463:
2227:
1365:, Sindh was integrated into the
1162:
640:
589:
574:
518:
500:
482:
464:
446:
428:
410:
392:
374:
356:
338:
320:
302:
284:
266:
248:
230:
212:
194:
174:
156:
60:
14909:Jeay Sindh Students' Federation
12685:
11896:. Taylor Francis. p. 223.
11696:Mukherjee, Sibasis (May 2020).
11515:Ajrak: Cloth from Soil of Sindh
10688:Ritu Hemnani (15 August 2019).
10572:from the original on 4 May 2023
10481:from the original on 7 May 2018
9241:
9145:
9106:
9034:
8997:
8903:
8804:
8723:"Kingdoms of the Indus / Sindh"
8714:
8691:
8657:
8623:
8578:
8552:
8528:
8486:
8425:
8394:
8364:
8334:
8303:
8273:
8249:Nazim, Aisha (12 August 2017).
8242:
8205:
8175:
8149:
8119:
8097:
8066:
8036:
8005:
7974:
7944:
7932:from the original on 7 May 2020
7914:
7883:
7852:
7822:
7792:
7770:Economic & Political Weekly
7758:
7727:
7697:
7654:
7629:
7605:Hasnain, Khalid (19 May 2021).
7598:
7572:from the original on 8 May 2023
7553:
7514:
7483:
7452:
7416:
7386:
7351:
7309:
7270:
7241:
7207:
7177:
7157:
7127:
7109:
7079:
7048:
7001:
6941:from the original on 7 May 2021
6927:
6897:
6872:
6842:
6817:
6778:
6722:
6696:
6669:
6644:
6626:
6372:
6356:
6343:
5706:Jeay Sindh Jeay-Sindh Wara Jean
5291:: Dance performed using sticks.
3636:The main writing system is the
3253:, Lokwani, Manghnani, Mamtani,
3249:, Longan, Lachhwani, Ludhwani,
3191:, Chang, Chand, Chanar, Hakro,
3187:, Otho, Larak, Mangrio, Bhurt,
2779:, built during the rule of the
2694:أهل العفاف و أهل الجود والكريم
2587:Religion in Sindh according to
2302:
2251:
1833:intermittently subject to raids
1528:to veteran politicians such as
14096:List of Sindhi Hindu festivals
12715:, Karachi Commissioner's Press
12250:Reejhsinghani, Aroona (2004).
11926:Lalwani, Tamana (March 2018).
11837:Reejhsinghani, Aroona (2004).
10814:10.1016/j.legalmed.2017.02.001
9248:Maher, Mahim (27 March 2014).
9080:. Asian Educational Services.
8877:. Cambridge University Press.
8752:Gier, Nicholas F. (May 2006).
8401:Auto, Hermes (13 March 2022).
7116:Kalhoro, Zulfiqar Ali (2018).
6883:. Leiden: Brill. p. 246.
6704:"Sindhi Association Hong Kong"
6608:
6557:
6521:
6495:
6443:
6417:
6330:
5836:, Foreign Minister of Pakistan
5638:
2658:, who traveled across Sind to
2413:, who are found mainly in the
1794:Alexander the Great's invasion
1728:city of Sindh. However, after
1300:lines. Throughout history the
1106:
13:
1:
14081:List of Sindhi-language films
12941:Shaikh, Muhammad Ali (2013).
12627:Hasan, Shazia (14 May 2022).
12331:The Essential Sindhi Cookbook
12295:. Syracuse University Press.
11976:"The legend of Dodo Chanesar"
11902:10.1080/0015587X.1985.9716351
11512:Bilgrami, Noor Jehan (2000).
10673:David, Maya Khemlani (2001).
9904:Tunio, Hafeez (31 May 2020).
9873:Jatoi, Shahid (8 June 2017).
9510:10.1080/00856401.2016.1244752
9282:Sheikh, Muhammad Ali (2013).
7361:Historical Geography of Sindh
6879:Falzon, Mark-Anthony (2004).
6410:
6336:Includes those who speak the
5598:focus on ingredients such as
5313:
5254:Some popular dances include:
5125:According to the historians,
5057:
3627:official institutional status
3584:life, going back to a mature
3429:
1912:
140:
14799:Human rights abuses in Sindh
13948:Sindh Information Department
13044:Sindhi Association of Europe
12926:. Black and White Fountain.
12722:"Sindhi Society and Culture"
12515:Associated Press of Pakistan
11839:Essential Sindhi Culturebook
10503:Bhutto a Political Biography
10432:Lari, Suhail Zaheer (1993).
10141:. p. 90. Archived from
9113:Baloch, Inayatullah (1987).
8978:. W. H. Allen. p. 410.
8561:A History of Sindh: Volume I
8559:Sharar, ʻAbdulḥalīm (1907).
5692:, traditional block printed
5449:
2734:in 660 C.E., near Damascus.
2271:– or "I have sinned" (
2186:, and a fourth was based in
1792:satrapy in Sindh. Following
1205:
7:
14526:Gernal Hosh Mohammad Sheedi
13261:Andaman and Nicobar Islands
12162:Travel and Culture Services
11304:Allana, Ghulam Ali (2009).
10675:The Sindhi Hindus of London
9938:MacLean, Derryl L. (1989).
9323:. Oxford University Press.
8214:"India-Sri Lanka Relations"
6099:
5959:, Indian Sindhi businessman
5851:, Sindhi computer scientist
5806:, Sindhi nationalist leader
3663:to extend and increase the
3591:
3494:
3123:, Noonari, Narejo, Samejo,
1920:National Museum of Pakistan
1796:, Sindh became part of the
1678:
1559:Population (100 Thousands)
1510:speakers in Sindh and India
1409:Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah
1391:This was also supported by
1307:
704:
10:
15013:
14925:Sindhudesh Liberation Army
14873:Jeay Sindh Muttahida Mahaz
14551:Dodo Bin Khafef Soomro III
14412:
14389:Historical States of Sindh
12860:. University of Michigan.
12824:Cambridge University Press
12604:. The News International.
9457:Bhavnani, Nandita (2014).
9370:. Routledge. p. 102.
8940:Brohī, ʻAlī Aḥmad (1998).
8868:Tarling, Nicholas (1999).
8729:. Kingdoms of South Asia.
8630:Dayal, N. Harjani (2018).
8187:The Sunday Times Sri Lanka
8048:Penguin Random House India
7892:"Scattered Sindhi society"
7139:UK Research and Innovation
6312:Sindhi High School, Hebbal
6137:Hinduism in Sindh Province
5821:, ex-president of Pakistan
5772:
5733:
5545:
5541:
5501:
5453:
5317:
5224:
5209:, Khamach/khamachi, Narr,
5149:
5061:
5003:
4925:, secondary Prakrits, and
3957:and eighteen new letters (
3602:Sindhi Language Bill, 1972
3595:
3538:
3526:
3433:
2845:
2691:وأن أشرف من اودي الزمان به
2688:ان الرزيه فقد العلم والحكم
2474:Hinduism in Sindh Province
2467:
2311:
1758:
1754:
1682:
1495:
1399:, especially by passing a
1311:
1209:
769:partition of British India
44:
29:
14982:Ethnic groups in Pakistan
14933:
14917:
14901:
14883:Sindh Taraqi Pasand Party
14860:
14827:Battle of Fatehpur (1519)
14807:
14779:
14743:
14680:
14584:
14531:Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi
14436:Rai Sahiras (Shri Harsha)
14423:
14388:
14381:
14321:
14300:
14284:
14268:
14240:
14179:
14111:
13966:
13893:
13830:Indus Valley Civilisation
13820:
13344:
13338:Ethnic groups in Pakistan
13251:
13098:
12706:Kalichbeg, Mirza (1902),
12701:, Sani Panhwar Publishers
12253:Essential Sindhi Cookbook
11476:. John Wiley & Sons.
11312:Sindhi Language Authority
10950:Shaheen, Yussouf (2018).
10290:", p. 126, Brill, (1989)
10269:", p. 126, BRILL, (1989)
10217:", p. 126, BRILL, (1989)
10130:"INDIA – Part I – Tables"
9826:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
9638:Annemarie Schimmel,
9563:Kamphorst, Janet (2008).
9317:Ratcliffe, Susan (2011).
8018:Tribuneindia News Service
7865:www.business-standard.com
7636:Levesque, Julien (2016).
7358:Pithawala, M. B. (2018).
7319:History of Medieval India
7016:Sindhi Language Authority
6690:10.1017/S0257543400001012
6212:Sindhi Language Authority
5729:
5521:
5440:
5431:
5422:
5413:
5404:
5395:
5068:Sindh Literature Festival
4812:
4811:
4800:
4799:
4788:
4787:
4776:
4775:
4764:
4763:
4752:
4751:
4740:
4739:
4728:
4727:
4716:
4715:
4704:
4703:
4692:
4691:
4680:
4679:
4668:
4667:
4577:
4576:
4565:
4564:
4553:
4552:
4541:
4540:
4529:
4528:
4517:
4516:
4505:
4504:
4493:
4492:
4481:
4480:
4469:
4468:
4457:
4456:
4445:
4444:
4433:
4432:
4352:
4351:
4340:
4339:
4328:
4327:
4316:
4315:
4304:
4303:
4292:
4291:
4280:
4279:
4268:
4267:
4256:
4255:
4244:
4243:
4232:
4231:
4220:
4219:
4208:
4207:
4121:
4120:
4109:
4108:
4097:
4096:
4085:
4084:
4073:
4072:
4061:
4060:
4049:
4048:
4037:
4036:
4025:
4024:
4013:
4012:
4001:
4000:
3989:
3988:
3977:
3976:
3961:
3960:
3710:
3586:Indus Valley Civilization
3547:Indus Valley civilization
3450:British conquest of Sindh
3261:, Mohinani, Mulchandani,
3199:
2841:
2777:Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta
2685:ليس الرزيه بالدينار نفقدة
2122:Tomb of the Sindhi king,
1932:Indus Valley Civilization
1771:Indus Valley civilisation
1314:Sind Province (1936–1955)
925:Indus Valley Civilisation
676:
675:
613:
608:
568:
563:
539:
534:
516:
498:
480:
462:
444:
426:
408:
390:
372:
354:
336:
318:
300:
282:
264:
246:
228:
210:
192:
172:
154:
149:
139:
134:
114:
100:
95:
14934:Non profit organizations
14751:Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai
14576:Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur
14546:Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur
14536:Molana Ubaidullah Sindhi
14516:Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro
13049:12 November 2019 at the
13022:29 December 2019 at the
13010:22 December 2021 at the
12884:Boivin, Michael (2007).
11370:Wadhwani, Y. K. (1981).
10694:South China Morning Post
10176:Census of Pakistan, 1951
10096:Mehtab Ali Shah (1997).
9683:"Can Sufism save Sindh?"
9493:"Sindh, 1947 and Beyond"
9004:Verkaaik, Oskar (2004).
8874:by Nicholas Tarling p.39
8563:
8376:South China Morning Post
7776:(52). 30 December 2006.
6323:
6267:List of Sindhi festivals
5882:Shah Abdul Latif Bhitati
5675:Sindhi cultural festival
5494:. Most Sindhi celebrate
5220:
5145:
3415:Labano/Chahwan, Patoli,
2818:is highly influenced by
2642:Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro
2638:Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai
2156:Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai
2124:Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro
2032:Depiction of two Sindhi
1732:this trend increased as
1491:
1429:Indian National Congress
1343: Sindh (then under
96:
14401:Sind Province (1936–55)
14192:Institute of Sindhology
13885:Cultural heritage sites
12903:Khuhro, Hamida (1999).
12748:Oxford University Press
12600:APP (4 December 2016).
12256:. Penguin Books India.
11841:. Penguin Books India.
11547:. New Era Publication.
10560:"Census of India, 1911"
10394:Panhwar, M. H. (2003).
9806:"Hindu Population (PK)"
8779:, UNESCO, p. 602,
8670:. S. Chand Publishing.
8012:Service, Tribune News.
7766:"RSS and Sindhi Hindus"
7322:. S. Chand Publishing.
7316:Mahajan, V. D. (2007).
6257:Tomb paintings of Sindh
5989:, Sindhi legendary poet
5899:, notable Sufi musician
4931:George Abraham Grierson
3206:Sindhi Bhaiband Lohana
2824:Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai
2572:1951 Census of Pakistan
2510:2017 Census of Pakistan
2236:Syed Sabir Ali Shah of
2190:. They were ethnically
2073:dynasties ruled Sindh.
1911:wearing Sindhi Ajruk",
1767:Cradle of civilizations
1705:, fled to Afghanistan.
1291:Geographic distribution
40:Sindhi (disambiguation)
14977:Ethnic groups in India
14946:World Sindhi Institute
14918:Militant Organizations
14878:Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz
14441:Rai Sahasi (Sinhasena)
14313:Encyclopedia Sindhiana
12720:Allana, G. A. (2010),
12709:History of Sind Vol. 2
12692:Rahman, Tariq (1999),
11573:Rahman, Tariq (1999).
10351:Siddiqui, Habibullah.
9980:"Pakistan Census Data"
8727:www.historyfiles.co.uk
8664:J.C, Aggarwal (2017).
8594:. Malta: Oxbow Books.
8105:"2011 Census of India"
7440:Cite journal requires
6317:Romanisation of Sindhi
6262:List of Sindhi singers
6242:List of Sindhi singers
6004:, Sindhi language poet
5834:Bilawal Bhutto Zardari
5726:
5659:
5564:
5483:
5329:
5309:Dance of nangarparker.
5236:
5168:
4914:
3618:
3536:
3523:
3504:
2796:with a minority being
2783:
2745:, the gate of Islam).
2722:
2700:
2645:
2487:
2447:Pakistan Hindu Council
2323:
2308:Ethnicity and religion
2248:
2171:
2137:, himself born in the
2126:
2041:
1922:
1841:early Muslim conquests
1511:
1358:
1287:
850:
819:with smaller Sikh and
68:This article contains
38:. For other uses, see
14941:World Sindhi Congress
14902:Student organizations
14662:Muhammad Ibrahim Joyo
14627:Shafi Muhammad Burfat
14571:Mir Nasir Khan Talpur
14511:Noor Mohammad Kalhoro
14292:Sindhi-language media
13928:Commissioners of Sind
13092:Demographics of India
13034:World Sindhi Congress
12575:World Sindhi Congress
12102:Daily Pakistan Global
12068:"Sindhi Cultural Day"
11892:Doctor, Roma (2012).
9850:. 26 September 2012.
9659:. 25 September 2013.
9343:= I have sinned / in
9152:Ziad, Waleed (2021).
8855:, by R. C. Majumdar,
8585:Biagi, Paolo (2007).
6977:Butt, Rakhio (1998).
6634:"Explore Census Data"
6620:21 April 2021 at the
6598:"Sindhi | Ethnologue"
6353:in Pakistan and India
6202:Sindhi-language media
6152:List of Sindhi people
5775:List of Sindhi people
5718:
5646:
5555:
5467:
5327:
5234:
5159:
4912:
3609:
3551:Indus or Sindhu River
3534:
3521:
3502:
3477:Middle Eastern states
3364:, Takthani, Thadani,
3348:, Panjwani, Punwani,
3320:, Issrani, Jagtiani,
3308:, Essarani, Gabrani,
3229:, Chothani, Dalwani,
2848:List of Sindhi tribes
2774:
2732:Hujr ibn Adi al-Kindi
2706:Population of Sindhi
2705:
2676:
2635:
2485:
2405:of Rajasthan and the
2321:
2314:Demographics of Sindh
2235:
2169:
2121:
2031:
1904:
1845:Arab invasion of Sind
1800:. After its decline,
1505:
1417:Muslim state in India
1337:
1285:
849:
732:, who share a common
722:ethnolinguistic group
609:Related ethnic groups
14893:Sindh Hari Committee
14521:Mian Sarfraz Kalhoro
14187:Education in Karachi
12856:Syed, G. M. (1995).
12793:Wink, André (2002),
12074:. 23 December 2022.
11345:The Languages Gulper
11220:. 21 February 2023.
11139:Laurie Bauer, 2007,
11009:. 25 February 2023.
10654:Peck, James (2004).
10213:Derryl N. Maclean,"
10138:Census of India 1941
9463:. Tranquebar Press.
8921:on 24 September 2015
8915:cervantesvirtual.com
8407:www.straitstimes.com
8131:Pakistantoday.com.pk
7836:. 26 November 2020.
7061:. Hurst Publishers.
6640:on 26 November 2020.
6567:. 29 December 2019.
5658:Mangoes of the World
5364:Nabi Bux Khan Baloch
5338:The legend of Moriro
5227:Folk dances of Sindh
4949:, especially in the
3650:'Mother Language Day
3481:United Arab Emirates
2920: Others (18.3%)
2914: Brahmin (2.5%)
2884: Lohana (53.9%)
2828:Lal Shahbaz Qalandar
2596: Islam (90.34%)
2552:1941 Census of India
2330:—descendants of the
2215:Dominion of Pakistan
1415:to openly support a
1009:Sindhi Gibraltarians
990:Sindhis in Sri Lanka
615:Indo-Iranian peoples
220:United Arab Emirates
123:traditional clothing
14852:Insurgency in Sindh
14832:Battle of Hyderabad
14602:Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
14561:Shah_Inayat_Shaheed
14541:Abdullah Shah Ghazi
13991:Sindhi Cultural Day
13908:Provincial Assembly
13431:European Pakistanis
13056:Sindhi songs lyrics
12665:. 3 December 2022.
12547:. 4 December 2022.
12517:. 4 December 2022.
12457:. 3 December 2022.
12427:. 4 December 2022.
11980:The Express Tribune
11218:The Express Tribune
11160:. 18 January 2023.
10911:10.1038/nature14317
10903:2015Natur.522..207H
10724:sindhishongkong.com
10591:U.T Thakur (1959).
10475:Government of Sindh
9910:The Express Tribune
9689:. 2 February 2015.
9628:– via Scribd.
9254:The Express Tribune
8762:on 8 November 2012.
8525:, pp. 115–125.
8348:. 27 October 2017.
8287:. 20 October 2009.
8050:. 6 November 2017.
7804:The Express Tribune
7400:. 24 January 2010.
7283:. Reichert Verlag.
7251:The Jat of Pakistan
7055:Faiz, Asma (2021).
6909:Hindu Community Gib
6732:. 8 February 2017.
6292:Sindhi Cultural Day
6247:Sindhi music videos
6222:Sindhi Adabi Sangat
5849:Abdul Majid Bhurgri
5789:Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto
5663:Sindhi Cultural Day
5572:-based flat-bread (
5460:Sindhi Cultural Day
5340:, the epic tale of
5024:Sindhi embroideries
4937:as being spoken in
3878:Perso-Arabic script
3623:Indo-Aryan language
3286:Sindhi Amil Lohana
2908: Rajput (2.7%)
2668:Battle of the Camel
2636:Grand mausoleum of
2451:Shri Ramapir Temple
2341:Among other Sindhi
2188:Tando Muhammad Khan
2093:Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf
1996:. Mohenjo-daro and
1971:World Heritage Site
1892:Battle of Hyderabad
1847:occurred under the
1825:Indian subcontinent
1552:
1456:Bashir Khan Qureshi
1440:Bengali nationalism
1436:breakup of Pakistan
1421:Sindhi nationalists
1330:Insurgency in Sindh
92:
14992:Indo-Aryan peoples
14888:Sindh United Party
14632:Abdul Wahid Aresar
14374:Sindhi nationalism
14248:Sindh cricket team
14026:Sindhi Adabi Board
14011:Sindhi nationalism
12403:www.thenews.com.pk
12222:thesindhuworld.com
12188:"Sindhi Festivals"
12042:www.thenews.com.pk
11867:thesindhuworld.com
10471:"History of Sindh"
10435:A History of Sindh
10337:Ansari, Sarah FD.
10071:www.thenews.com.pk
9847:The Times of India
9620:on 5 November 2010
9397:Grassroots Journal
8812:"History of India"
8721:Kessler, Peter L.
8378:. 15 August 2019.
7928:. 7 January 2019.
7834:The Indian Express
7740:South Asia Journal
6427:. 17 August 2022.
6217:Sindhi Adabi Board
6127:Sindhi nationalism
6117:Guru Nanak Jayanti
5866:, Sindhi actor in
5727:
5660:
5565:
5496:Sindhi Culture day
5484:
5360:Sindhi Adabi Board
5353:folktales of Sindh
5330:
5297:Performed in thar.
5237:
5169:
4915:
3631:scheduled language
3619:
3537:
3524:
3505:
3487:. Some settled in
3465:Partition of India
2999:, Dahri, Bhachos,
2902: Kohli (5.5%)
2890: Dhed (10.3%)
2784:
2723:
2666:, and died in the
2646:
2566:and about half of
2544:Partition of India
2537:Partition of India
2530:Partition of India
2488:
2324:
2261:East India Company
2249:
2172:
2127:
2042:
1984:houses, elaborate
1926:Prehistoric period
1923:
1853:Muhammad ibn Qasim
1775:vedic civilization
1550:
1512:
1359:
1288:
1040:Sindhi Australians
851:
815:are predominantly
90:
14954:
14953:
14861:Political parties
14715:Sindh Culture Day
14607:Ayaz Latif Palijo
14556:Dollah Darya Khan
14501:Jam Nizamuddin II
14383:Active since 1972
14339:
14338:
14269:Flora & fauna
14161:Historical places
14051:Sindhi folk tales
14021:Sindhi literature
13768:
13767:
13304:
13303:
13281:Jammu and Kashmir
13253:Union territories
13113:Arunachal Pradesh
12957:978-969-9874-01-7
12833:978-0-521-57219-4
12785:978-1-57607-907-2
12757:978-0-19-882905-8
12341:978-93-5118-094-4
12302:978-0-8156-5225-0
12263:978-0-14-303201-4
12104:. 4 December 2022
11848:978-0-14-303201-4
11636:978-1-64249-289-7
11483:978-1-118-05163-4
11078:978-81-7156-673-0
10887:(7555): 207–211.
10766:978-0-306-46295-5
10309:Kenneth W. Morgan
10148:on 15 August 2021
9949:978-90-040-8551-0
9728:on 29 August 2021
9640:Pearls from Indus
9610:Abdullah, Ahmed.
9576:978-90-485-0603-3
9470:978-93-84030-33-9
9377:978-1-317-44820-4
9330:978-0-19-956707-2
9087:978-81-206-1965-4
9048:. 21 April 2018.
9023:978-0-69111-709-6
8853:The Classical age
8786:978-92-3-104153-2
8677:978-81-219-1853-4
8643:978-1-64249-289-7
8601:978-1-78570-584-7
8445:978-0-14-342093-4
8438:. Penguin Books.
8133:. 21 April 2022.
7674:978-1-64249-289-7
7534:978-1-136-33696-6
7329:978-81-219-0364-6
7290:978-3-89500-591-6
7068:978-1-78738-632-7
7025:978-969-625-082-1
6227:Sindhi folk tales
5804:Rasool Bux Palijo
5720:Sindhi literature
5671:سنڌي ثقافتي ڏھاڙو
5433:Sorath Rai Diyach
5424:Noori Jam Tamachi
5249:Ladas/Sehra/Geech
5131:Rasool Bux Palijo
5073:Sindhi literature
5064:Sindhi literature
5000:Traditional dress
4907:
4906:
3950:
3949:
3669:national language
3667:of Sindhi as the
3644:are used. At the
3427:
3426:
3007:, Sahetas, Kaka,
2896: Bhil (6.9%)
2871:
2762:Abu Mashar Sindhi
2670:alongside Sindhi
2548:Ahmad Hassan Dani
2508:According to the
2294:Post-colonial era
2284:Bombay Presidency
2139:Rajputana kingdom
2009:Historical period
1849:Umayyad Caliphate
1769:, the Bronze Age
1676:
1675:
1506:Concentration of
1397:Pakistan movement
1373:state remained a
1345:Bombay Presidency
1322:Bombay Presidency
1203:
1202:
945:Soomra-Samma rule
781:Dominion of India
750:Bahawalpur region
714:[sɪndʱiː]
702:
694:
686:
633:
632:
144: 45 million
76:rendering support
16:(Redirected from
15004:
14847:Battle of Kachhi
14842:Battle of Halani
14700:Culture of Sindh
14597:Rasul Bux Palejo
14566:Makhdoom Bilawal
14496:Sultans of Sindh
14424:Historic figures
14418:
14375:
14366:
14359:
14352:
14343:
14342:
14308:Sindhi Knowledge
13943:Sindh High Court
13855:Muslim caliphate
13807:
13806:
13795:
13788:
13781:
13772:
13771:
13331:
13324:
13317:
13308:
13307:
13148:Himachal Pradesh
13085:
13078:
13071:
13062:
13061:
12976:
12974:
12972:
12966:
12949:
12937:
12918:
12899:
12880:
12871:
12844:
12842:
12840:
12809:
12789:
12761:
12733:
12716:
12714:
12702:
12700:
12679:
12678:
12676:
12674:
12655:
12649:
12648:
12646:
12644:
12624:
12618:
12617:
12615:
12613:
12597:
12591:
12590:
12588:
12586:
12567:
12561:
12560:
12558:
12556:
12545:WikiTech Library
12537:
12531:
12530:
12528:
12526:
12507:
12501:
12500:
12498:
12496:
12485:www.radio.gov.pk
12477:
12471:
12470:
12468:
12466:
12447:
12441:
12440:
12438:
12436:
12418:
12416:
12414:
12395:
12389:
12388:
12386:
12384:
12364:
12358:
12357:
12355:
12353:
12325:
12319:
12318:
12316:
12314:
12286:
12280:
12279:
12277:
12275:
12247:
12238:
12237:
12235:
12233:
12214:
12208:
12207:
12205:
12203:
12194:. 7 April 2020.
12184:
12178:
12177:
12175:
12173:
12154:
12145:
12144:
12142:
12140:
12120:
12114:
12113:
12111:
12109:
12094:
12088:
12087:
12085:
12083:
12064:
12058:
12057:
12055:
12053:
12034:
12028:
12027:
12025:
12023:
12017:
12010:
12002:
11996:
11995:
11993:
11991:
11972:
11966:
11965:
11963:
11961:
11955:
11932:
11923:
11910:
11909:
11889:
11883:
11882:
11880:
11878:
11869:. 9 April 2021.
11859:
11853:
11852:
11834:
11828:
11827:
11825:
11823:
11804:
11795:
11794:
11792:
11790:
11771:
11765:
11764:
11762:
11760:
11745:
11739:
11738:
11736:
11734:
11719:
11713:
11712:
11710:
11708:
11693:
11687:
11686:
11681:
11679:
11662:
11656:
11655:
11650:
11648:
11629:. Notion Press.
11620:
11614:
11613:
11611:
11609:
11594:"Sindhi Culture"
11589:
11583:
11582:
11570:
11564:
11563:
11558:
11556:
11538:
11532:
11531:
11529:
11527:
11509:
11503:
11502:
11497:
11495:
11467:
11461:
11460:
11458:
11456:
11440:
11434:
11431:
11429:
11427:
11408:
11402:
11401:
11399:
11397:
11376:
11367:
11361:
11360:
11358:
11356:
11337:
11331:
11330:
11325:
11323:
11310:(1st ed.).
11301:
11295:
11294:
11292:
11290:
11271:
11265:
11264:
11262:
11260:
11240:
11234:
11233:
11231:
11229:
11210:
11204:
11203:
11201:
11199:
11180:
11174:
11173:
11171:
11169:
11150:
11144:
11137:
11131:
11130:
11128:
11126:
11104:
11098:
11097:
11092:
11090:
11062:
11056:
11055:
11053:
11051:
11029:
11023:
11022:
11020:
11018:
10999:
10993:
10992:
10982:
10976:
10975:
10973:
10971:
10965:
10958:
10947:
10941:
10940:
10930:
10896:
10871:
10865:
10864:
10852:
10846:
10845:
10843:
10841:
10793:
10787:
10786:
10780:
10778:
10746:
10740:
10739:
10737:
10735:
10716:
10710:
10709:
10707:
10705:
10685:
10679:
10678:
10670:
10664:
10663:
10656:Hindus on a rock
10651:
10645:
10644:
10642:
10640:
10620:
10614:
10613:
10605:
10599:
10598:
10588:
10582:
10581:
10579:
10577:
10571:
10564:
10556:
10550:
10549:
10543:
10535:
10533:
10531:
10525:
10508:
10497:
10491:
10490:
10488:
10486:
10467:
10461:
10460:
10455:
10453:
10447:
10440:
10429:
10420:
10419:
10417:
10415:
10409:
10402:
10391:
10385:
10384:
10378:
10376:
10370:
10359:
10348:
10342:
10335:
10329:
10322:
10316:
10305:
10299:
10284:
10278:
10263:
10257:
10254:The Shia Muslims
10250:
10244:
10241:
10235:
10232:
10226:
10211:
10205:
10202:
10196:
10195:
10193:
10191:
10185:
10179:. p. 8,22.
10172:
10164:
10158:
10157:
10155:
10153:
10147:
10134:
10126:
10120:
10117:
10111:
10108:
10102:
10101:
10093:
10087:
10086:
10084:
10082:
10063:
10057:
10056:
10054:
10052:
10037:
10031:
10030:
10028:
10026:
10020:
10013:
10005:
9999:
9998:
9996:
9994:
9984:
9976:
9967:
9960:
9954:
9953:
9935:
9926:
9925:
9923:
9921:
9901:
9895:
9894:
9892:
9890:
9870:
9864:
9863:
9861:
9859:
9838:
9832:
9831:
9825:
9817:
9815:
9813:
9802:
9796:
9795:
9793:
9791:
9776:
9770:
9769:
9767:
9765:
9760:on 29 March 2020
9759:
9752:
9744:
9738:
9737:
9735:
9733:
9727:
9721:. Archived from
9720:
9712:
9703:
9702:
9700:
9698:
9679:
9673:
9672:
9670:
9668:
9649:
9643:
9636:
9630:
9629:
9627:
9625:
9619:
9614:. Archived from
9607:
9601:
9600:
9598:
9596:
9560:
9554:
9553:
9551:
9549:
9529:
9523:
9522:
9512:
9488:
9482:
9481:
9454:
9448:
9447:
9445:
9443:
9437:
9430:
9419:
9413:
9412:
9410:
9408:
9399:. Vol. 49.
9388:
9382:
9381:
9361:
9352:
9351:
9314:
9308:
9307:
9305:
9303:
9297:
9290:
9279:
9270:
9269:
9267:
9265:
9245:
9239:
9238:
9236:
9234:
9218:
9212:
9211:
9209:
9207:
9188:
9182:
9181:
9179:
9177:
9149:
9143:
9142:
9140:
9138:
9110:
9104:
9103:
9101:
9099:
9071:
9062:
9061:
9059:
9057:
9038:
9032:
9031:
9011:
9001:
8995:
8994:
8989:
8987:
8969:
8963:
8962:
8957:
8955:
8937:
8931:
8930:
8928:
8926:
8917:. Archived from
8907:
8901:
8900:
8898:
8896:
8865:
8859:
8850:
8844:
8838:
8832:
8831:
8829:
8827:
8808:
8802:
8801:
8800:
8798:
8770:
8764:
8763:
8749:
8743:
8742:
8740:
8738:
8718:
8712:
8711:
8695:
8689:
8688:
8661:
8655:
8654:
8636:. Notion Press.
8627:
8621:
8620:
8618:
8616:
8610:
8593:
8582:
8576:
8575:
8556:
8550:
8544:
8538:
8532:
8526:
8520:
8514:
8513:
8511:
8509:
8500:. 26 June 2012.
8490:
8484:
8483:
8481:
8479:
8464:
8458:
8457:
8429:
8423:
8422:
8420:
8418:
8398:
8392:
8391:
8389:
8387:
8368:
8362:
8361:
8359:
8357:
8338:
8332:
8331:
8329:
8327:
8307:
8301:
8300:
8298:
8296:
8277:
8271:
8270:
8268:
8266:
8246:
8240:
8239:
8237:
8235:
8229:
8218:
8209:
8203:
8202:
8200:
8198:
8179:
8173:
8172:
8170:
8168:
8153:
8147:
8146:
8144:
8142:
8123:
8117:
8116:
8114:
8112:
8101:
8095:
8094:
8092:
8090:
8070:
8064:
8063:
8061:
8059:
8040:
8034:
8033:
8031:
8029:
8009:
8003:
8002:
8000:
7998:
7978:
7972:
7971:
7969:
7967:
7948:
7942:
7941:
7939:
7937:
7918:
7912:
7911:
7909:
7907:
7887:
7881:
7880:
7878:
7876:
7856:
7850:
7849:
7847:
7845:
7826:
7820:
7819:
7817:
7815:
7796:
7790:
7789:
7787:
7785:
7762:
7756:
7755:
7753:
7751:
7731:
7725:
7724:
7722:
7720:
7711:. 17 July 2020.
7701:
7695:
7694:
7688:
7686:
7667:. Notion Press.
7658:
7652:
7651:
7633:
7627:
7626:
7624:
7622:
7602:
7596:
7595:
7589:
7581:
7579:
7577:
7557:
7551:
7550:
7548:
7546:
7518:
7512:
7511:
7509:
7507:
7487:
7481:
7480:
7478:
7476:
7465:The Better India
7456:
7450:
7449:
7443:
7438:
7436:
7428:
7420:
7414:
7413:
7411:
7409:
7390:
7384:
7383:
7381:
7379:
7373:
7366:
7355:
7349:
7348:
7343:
7341:
7313:
7307:
7306:
7304:
7302:
7274:
7268:
7267:
7265:
7263:
7245:
7239:
7238:
7236:
7234:
7228:
7221:
7211:
7205:
7204:
7202:
7200:
7181:
7175:
7174:
7161:
7155:
7154:
7152:
7150:
7131:
7125:
7124:
7113:
7107:
7106:
7104:
7102:
7083:
7077:
7076:
7052:
7046:
7045:
7039:
7037:
7005:
6999:
6998:
6974:
6965:
6964:
6958:
6950:
6948:
6946:
6931:
6925:
6924:
6922:
6920:
6901:
6895:
6894:
6876:
6870:
6869:
6867:
6865:
6846:
6840:
6839:
6821:
6815:
6814:
6812:
6810:
6782:
6776:
6775:
6773:
6771:
6762:. Archived from
6760:Encyclopedia.com
6752:
6746:
6745:
6743:
6741:
6726:
6720:
6719:
6717:
6715:
6700:
6694:
6693:
6673:
6667:
6666:
6664:
6662:
6652:"United Kingdom"
6648:
6642:
6641:
6636:. Archived from
6630:
6624:
6612:
6606:
6605:
6594:
6581:
6580:
6578:
6576:
6561:
6555:
6554:
6552:
6550:
6544:
6538:. 29 June 2018.
6533:
6525:
6519:
6518:
6516:
6514:
6499:
6493:
6492:
6482:
6467:
6466:
6464:
6462:
6447:
6441:
6440:
6438:
6436:
6421:
6404:
6397:
6391:
6390:, lead, and tin.
6376:
6370:
6360:
6354:
6347:
6341:
6334:
6132:Sindhis in India
6094:, Indian actress
6088:
6073:
6064:, Indian actress
6062:Tamannaah Bhatia
6058:
6049:, Indian actress
6043:
6028:
6013:
5998:
5983:
5968:
5953:
5938:
5923:
5908:
5893:
5878:
5860:
5845:
5830:
5819:Asif Ali Zardari
5815:
5800:
5785:
5679:culture of Sindh
5672:
5618:and traditional
5456:Sindhi Festivals
5445:
5444:
5436:
5435:
5427:
5426:
5418:
5417:
5409:
5408:
5400:
5399:
5211:Kanjhyun/Talyoon
5010:The traditional
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4833:
4828:
4825:
4818:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4806:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4794:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4782:
4781:
4780:
4778:
4770:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4754:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4734:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4706:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4590:
4583:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4571:
4570:
4569:
4567:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4547:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4499:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4358:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4286:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4226:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4067:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4031:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4019:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4007:
4006:
4005:
4003:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3983:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3942:
3935:
3928:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3699:
3698:
3690:Umayyad conquest
3616:Khudabadi script
3460:in this period.
3444:is significant.
2926:
2925:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2874:(1911 Census of
2869:
2801:Ithna 'ashariyah
2775:Interior of the
2621:
2611:
2601:
2595:
2478:Sindhis in India
2036:soldiers during
1940:Harappan culture
1917:
1914:
1822:
1812:ruled in Sindh.
1788:and established
1784:In 518 BCE, the
1761:History of Sindh
1699:Pervez Musharraf
1553:
1549:
1498:Sindhis in India
1469:and followed by
1425:Allah Bux Soomro
1363:British conquest
1352:
1342:
1243:Balochi language
1195:
1188:
1181:
1166:
1028:Sindhi Canadians
1021:Sindhi Americans
983:Sindhis in India
826:
825:
716:
711:
707:
697:
695:
688:
680:
678:
669:
668:
665:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
593:
578:
559:
524:
522:
521:
506:
504:
503:
488:
486:
485:
470:
468:
467:
452:
450:
449:
434:
432:
431:
416:
414:
413:
398:
396:
395:
380:
378:
377:
362:
360:
359:
344:
342:
341:
326:
324:
323:
308:
306:
305:
290:
288:
287:
272:
270:
269:
254:
252:
251:
236:
234:
233:
218:
216:
215:
200:
198:
197:
180:
178:
177:
162:
160:
159:
145:
142:
135:Total population
121:Sindhi women in
119:
102:
93:
89:
64:
63:
21:
15012:
15011:
15007:
15006:
15005:
15003:
15002:
15001:
14957:
14956:
14955:
14950:
14929:
14913:
14897:
14856:
14837:Battle of Miani
14817:Battle of Rasil
14809:
14803:
14781:
14775:
14739:
14695:Sindhi language
14676:
14580:
14419:
14410:
14384:
14377:
14373:
14370:
14340:
14335:
14317:
14301:Sindhi websites
14296:
14280:
14264:
14253:Domestic league
14236:
14175:
14131:List of talukas
14107:
14046:Sindhi folklore
14016:Sindhi language
14006:Sindhi diaspora
13962:
13897:
13889:
13870:Kalhora dynasty
13850:Brahman dynasty
13816:
13801:
13799:
13769:
13764:
13471:Indus Kohistani
13340:
13335:
13305:
13300:
13247:
13094:
13089:
13051:Wayback Machine
13024:Wayback Machine
13012:Wayback Machine
12984:
12979:
12970:
12968:
12964:
12958:
12947:
12934:
12915:
12896:
12877:Amilan-Jo-Ahwal
12868:
12851:
12849:Further reading
12838:
12836:
12834:
12814:Wright, Rita P.
12807:
12786:
12758:
12712:
12698:
12688:
12683:
12682:
12672:
12670:
12657:
12656:
12652:
12642:
12640:
12625:
12621:
12611:
12609:
12598:
12594:
12584:
12582:
12569:
12568:
12564:
12554:
12552:
12539:
12538:
12534:
12524:
12522:
12509:
12508:
12504:
12494:
12492:
12479:
12478:
12474:
12464:
12462:
12449:
12448:
12444:
12434:
12432:
12419:
12412:
12410:
12397:
12396:
12392:
12382:
12380:
12365:
12361:
12351:
12349:
12342:
12326:
12322:
12312:
12310:
12303:
12287:
12283:
12273:
12271:
12264:
12248:
12241:
12231:
12229:
12216:
12215:
12211:
12201:
12199:
12186:
12185:
12181:
12171:
12169:
12156:
12155:
12148:
12138:
12136:
12121:
12117:
12107:
12105:
12096:
12095:
12091:
12081:
12079:
12066:
12065:
12061:
12051:
12049:
12036:
12035:
12031:
12021:
12019:
12015:
12008:
12004:
12003:
11999:
11989:
11987:
11982:. 11 May 2012.
11974:
11973:
11969:
11959:
11957:
11953:
11930:
11924:
11913:
11890:
11886:
11876:
11874:
11861:
11860:
11856:
11849:
11835:
11831:
11821:
11819:
11806:
11805:
11798:
11788:
11786:
11773:
11772:
11768:
11758:
11756:
11747:
11746:
11742:
11732:
11730:
11721:
11720:
11716:
11706:
11704:
11694:
11690:
11677:
11675:
11664:
11663:
11659:
11646:
11644:
11637:
11621:
11617:
11607:
11605:
11590:
11586:
11571:
11567:
11554:
11552:
11539:
11535:
11525:
11523:
11510:
11506:
11493:
11491:
11484:
11468:
11464:
11454:
11452:
11441:
11437:
11425:
11423:
11418:. 28 May 2018.
11410:
11409:
11405:
11395:
11393:
11374:
11368:
11364:
11354:
11352:
11339:
11338:
11334:
11321:
11319:
11302:
11298:
11288:
11286:
11273:
11272:
11268:
11258:
11256:
11241:
11237:
11227:
11225:
11212:
11211:
11207:
11197:
11195:
11182:
11181:
11177:
11167:
11165:
11152:
11151:
11147:
11138:
11134:
11124:
11122:
11105:
11101:
11088:
11086:
11079:
11063:
11059:
11049:
11047:
11030:
11026:
11016:
11014:
11001:
11000:
10996:
10983:
10979:
10969:
10967:
10963:
10956:
10948:
10944:
10872:
10868:
10853:
10849:
10839:
10837:
10794:
10790:
10776:
10774:
10767:
10747:
10743:
10733:
10731:
10718:
10717:
10713:
10703:
10701:
10686:
10682:
10671:
10667:
10652:
10648:
10638:
10636:
10621:
10617:
10606:
10602:
10589:
10585:
10575:
10573:
10569:
10562:
10558:
10557:
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10349:
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10336:
10332:
10324:Ahmed Abdulla,
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9879:Express Tribune
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9355:
9349:on 18 May 1844.
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8285:Hindustan Times
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7828:
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7806:. 4 June 2012.
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7011:Sindhi Language
7006:
7002:
6991:
6975:
6968:
6952:
6951:
6944:
6942:
6935:"Archived copy"
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6622:Wayback Machine
6613:
6609:
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6505:. 23 May 2023.
6501:
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6453:. 19 May 2021.
6449:
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6408:
6407:
6398:
6394:
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6373:
6364:Sindhi diaspora
6361:
6357:
6351:second language
6348:
6344:
6338:Sindhi language
6335:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6232:Sindhi folklore
6192:Sandhai Muslims
6147:Sandhai Muslims
6102:
6095:
6089:
6080:
6074:
6065:
6059:
6050:
6047:Hansika Motwani
6044:
6035:
6029:
6020:
6017:Kumail Nanjiani
6014:
6005:
5999:
5990:
5984:
5975:
5969:
5960:
5954:
5945:
5939:
5930:
5927:Tarun Tahiliani
5924:
5915:
5909:
5900:
5894:
5885:
5879:
5870:
5861:
5852:
5846:
5837:
5831:
5822:
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5807:
5801:
5792:
5786:
5777:
5771:
5738:
5732:
5673:) is a popular
5641:
5550:
5544:
5524:
5504:
5462:
5452:
5322:
5320:Sindhi folklore
5316:
5229:
5223:
5154:
5148:
5127:Nabi Bux Baloch
5070:
5062:Main articles:
5060:
5040:koti/gidi/sadri
5012:Sindhi clothing
5008:
5006:Sindhi clothing
5002:
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4034:
4022:
4010:
3998:
3986:
3974:
3967:
3946:
3892:Transliteration
3875:
3711:
3703:Sindhi alphabet
3652:' in 2023, the
3612:Hatvanki Sindhi
3604:
3598:Sindhi language
3594:
3578:Sindhi diaspora
3543:
3529:
3522:Sindhi Genetics
3503:Sindhi Genetics
3497:
3438:
3436:Sindhi diaspora
3432:
3372:Uttamsinghani.
3111:, Ruk, Palari,
2924:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2897:
2893:
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2885:
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2873:
2850:
2844:
2766:Zij al-Sindhind
2696:
2651:
2630:
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2609:
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2468:Main articles:
2466:
2455:Hindu marriages
2442:scheduled caste
2407:Sandhai Muslims
2316:
2310:
2305:
2296:
2254:
2230:
2211:Battle of Dubbo
2207:Battle of Miani
2047:
2045:Medieval period
2011:
1928:
1916: 2500 BCE
1915:
1888:Kalhora dynasty
1884:Subah of Thatta
1820:
1781:were composed.
1763:
1757:
1687:
1685:Sindhi diaspora
1681:
1666:Andhra Pradesh
1600:Madhya Pradesh
1526:Jimmi Harkishin
1500:
1494:
1367:Bombay province
1357:
1350:
1348:
1340:
1332:
1310:
1293:
1214:
1208:
1199:
1167:
1157:
1156:
1137:
1127:
1126:
1055:
1045:
1044:
975:
965:
964:
920:
910:
909:
861:
795:with a smaller
709:
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409:
393:
391:
375:
373:
357:
355:
339:
337:
321:
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301:
285:
283:
267:
265:
249:
247:
231:
229:
213:
211:
195:
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175:
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157:
155:
143:
130:
110:
109:
88:
85:
84:
83:
74:Without proper
65:
61:
54:
43:
32:Sindhi language
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
15010:
15000:
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14997:Sindhi culture
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14763:
14758:
14756:Sachal Sarmast
14753:
14747:
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14732:
14730:Sassui Punnhun
14727:
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14707:
14702:
14697:
14692:
14686:
14684:
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14667:Benazir Bhutto
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14659:
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14649:
14644:
14639:
14637:Muzafar Bhutto
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14624:
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14617:Bashir Qureshi
14614:
14609:
14604:
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14585:Modern figures
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14448:
14446:Rai Sahiras II
14443:
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14396:Sindhu kingdom
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14123:
14121:List of cities
14117:
14115:
14109:
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14103:
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14078:
14073:
14071:Sindhi cuisine
14068:
14063:
14061:Sassui Punnhun
14058:
14053:
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13923:Sindh Archives
13920:
13915:
13913:Chief Minister
13910:
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13902:
13891:
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13888:
13887:
13882:
13880:British period
13877:
13872:
13867:
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13860:Soomra dynasty
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13840:Sindhu kingdom
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13210:
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13175:
13170:
13168:Madhya Pradesh
13165:
13160:
13155:
13150:
13145:
13140:
13135:
13130:
13125:
13120:
13115:
13110:
13108:Andhra Pradesh
13104:
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13080:
13073:
13065:
13059:
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13053:
13041:
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13014:
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12997:
12991:
12990:
12983:
12982:External links
12980:
12978:
12977:
12956:
12938:
12933:978-8192272856
12932:
12919:
12914:978-0195790085
12913:
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12895:978-0195475036
12894:
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12866:
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12766:McIntosh, Jane
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12472:
12455:Pakistan Today
12442:
12390:
12359:
12340:
12334:. Penguin UK.
12320:
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12224:. 8 May 2021.
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11812:Sindhi Khazana
11796:
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11723:"Sindhi Music"
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10802:Legal Medicine
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10594:Sindhi Culture
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10492:
10462:
10441:. p. 42.
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10058:
10032:
10000:
9968:
9955:
9948:
9927:
9896:
9865:
9833:
9797:
9771:
9739:
9704:
9674:
9644:
9631:
9602:
9575:
9555:
9524:
9503:(4): 776–777.
9483:
9469:
9449:
9414:
9383:
9376:
9353:
9342:
9329:
9309:
9271:
9240:
9213:
9196:www.talpur.org
9183:
9164:
9144:
9125:
9105:
9086:
9063:
9033:
9022:
8996:
8964:
8932:
8902:
8883:
8860:
8845:
8843:, p. 203.
8833:
8816:indiansaga.com
8803:
8785:
8765:
8744:
8713:
8690:
8676:
8656:
8642:
8622:
8600:
8577:
8551:
8539:
8527:
8515:
8485:
8459:
8444:
8424:
8393:
8363:
8333:
8302:
8272:
8241:
8204:
8174:
8148:
8118:
8096:
8065:
8035:
8004:
7973:
7943:
7913:
7890:Pioneer, The.
7882:
7851:
7821:
7791:
7757:
7726:
7696:
7673:
7653:
7646:
7628:
7597:
7552:
7533:
7513:
7482:
7451:
7442:|journal=
7415:
7385:
7350:
7328:
7308:
7289:
7269:
7240:
7206:
7176:
7156:
7126:
7108:
7091:www.wwf.org.pk
7078:
7067:
7047:
7024:
7008:Siraj, Amjad.
7000:
6989:
6966:
6926:
6896:
6889:
6871:
6854:www.sbs.com.au
6841:
6834:
6816:
6797:
6777:
6747:
6721:
6695:
6668:
6643:
6625:
6607:
6582:
6556:
6520:
6494:
6491:(27 ed.).
6468:
6442:
6415:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6406:
6405:
6392:
6378:These covered
6371:
6355:
6342:
6328:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6307:Sindhi cuisine
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6277:Sindhi biryani
6274:
6272:Sindhi culture
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6097:
6096:
6090:
6083:
6081:
6079:, Indian actor
6075:
6068:
6066:
6060:
6053:
6051:
6045:
6038:
6036:
6030:
6023:
6021:
6015:
6008:
6006:
6000:
5993:
5991:
5987:Sachal Sarmast
5985:
5978:
5976:
5970:
5963:
5961:
5955:
5948:
5946:
5942:Benazir Bhutto
5940:
5933:
5931:
5925:
5918:
5916:
5910:
5903:
5901:
5895:
5888:
5886:
5880:
5873:
5871:
5862:
5855:
5853:
5847:
5840:
5838:
5832:
5825:
5823:
5817:
5810:
5808:
5802:
5795:
5793:
5787:
5780:
5773:Main article:
5770:
5769:Notable people
5767:
5731:
5728:
5698:Sindhi singers
5686:mach katchehri
5640:
5637:
5548:Sindhi cuisine
5546:Main article:
5543:
5540:
5523:
5520:
5503:
5500:
5481:Sindhi culture
5451:
5448:
5447:
5446:
5437:
5428:
5419:
5415:Lilan Chanesar
5410:
5401:
5392:
5383:Seven Heroines
5315:
5312:
5311:
5310:
5304:
5298:
5292:
5286:
5280:
5274:
5268:
5265:Jhumar/Jhumir:
5262:
5222:
5219:
5205:, Gharo/Dilo,
5147:
5144:
5139:Hindi language
5059:
5056:
5032:Shalwar Qameez
5004:Main article:
5001:
4998:
4994:Madhya Pradesh
4905:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4842:
4837:
4829:
4820:
4819:
4807:
4795:
4783:
4771:
4759:
4747:
4735:
4723:
4711:
4699:
4687:
4675:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4591:
4585:
4584:
4572:
4560:
4548:
4536:
4524:
4512:
4500:
4488:
4476:
4464:
4452:
4440:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4360:
4359:
4347:
4335:
4323:
4311:
4299:
4287:
4275:
4263:
4251:
4239:
4227:
4215:
4202:
4201:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4129:
4128:
4116:
4104:
4092:
4080:
4068:
4056:
4044:
4032:
4020:
4008:
3996:
3984:
3958:
3948:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3937:
3930:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3894:
3889:
3881:
3880:
3872:
3871:
3706:
3705:
3688:following the
3654:Sindh Assembly
3593:
3590:
3541:Sindhi culture
3539:Main article:
3528:
3525:
3496:
3493:
3454:Canary Islands
3434:Main article:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3390:
3384:
3374:
3373:
3287:
3283:
3282:
3207:
3204:
3197:
3196:
2958:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2916:
2910:
2904:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2846:Main article:
2843:
2840:
2836:Sachal Sarmast
2816:Muslim culture
2768:in astronomy.
2650:
2649:Sindhi Muslims
2647:
2618:
2608:
2598:
2592:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2465:
2462:
2332:Soomra dynasty
2312:Main article:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2295:
2292:
2265:Charles Napier
2253:
2250:
2229:
2226:
2196:Durrani Empire
2161:Shah Jo Risalo
2046:
2043:
2016:Indo-Sassanids
2010:
2007:
1978:urban planning
1927:
1924:
1896:Talpur dynasty
1827:to come under
1810:Indo-Parthians
1806:Indo-Scythians
1798:Mauryan Empire
1756:
1753:
1695:merchant trade
1680:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1633:Uttar Pradesh
1630:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1493:
1490:
1452:Benazir Bhutto
1355:Khairpur State
1349:
1339:
1309:
1306:
1292:
1289:
1236:Sindh Assembly
1207:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1056:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1031:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1012:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1002:Sindhi British
993:
992:
986:
985:
976:
971:
970:
967:
966:
963:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
935:Chacha dynasty
932:
927:
921:
916:
915:
912:
911:
908:
907:
902:
901:
900:
890:
885:
880:
879:
878:
868:
862:
857:
856:
853:
852:
842:
841:
835:
834:
813:Indian Sindhis
807:mostly in the
801:Hindu minority
771:in 1947, many
734:Sindhi culture
631:
630:
617:(specifically
611:
610:
606:
605:
603:
602:
586:
566:
565:
561:
560:
557:
556:
551:
545:
537:
536:
532:
531:
528:
514:
513:
510:
496:
495:
492:
478:
477:
474:
460:
459:
456:
442:
441:
438:
424:
423:
420:
406:
405:
402:
388:
387:
384:
370:
369:
366:
352:
351:
348:
334:
333:
330:
316:
315:
312:
298:
297:
294:
280:
279:
276:
262:
261:
258:
256:United Kingdom
244:
243:
240:
226:
225:
222:
208:
207:
206:180,980 (2020)
204:
190:
189:
184:
170:
169:
166:
152:
151:
147:
146:
137:
136:
132:
131:
129:on their heads
120:
112:
111:
108:
107:
104:
97:
86:
66:
59:
58:
57:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
15009:
14998:
14995:
14993:
14990:
14988:
14985:
14983:
14980:
14978:
14975:
14973:
14972:Sindhi tribes
14970:
14968:
14967:Sindhi people
14965:
14964:
14962:
14947:
14944:
14942:
14939:
14938:
14936:
14932:
14926:
14923:
14922:
14920:
14916:
14910:
14907:
14906:
14904:
14900:
14894:
14891:
14889:
14886:
14884:
14881:
14879:
14876:
14874:
14871:
14869:
14868:Awami Tahreek
14866:
14865:
14863:
14859:
14853:
14850:
14848:
14845:
14843:
14840:
14838:
14835:
14833:
14830:
14828:
14825:
14823:
14820:
14818:
14815:
14814:
14812:
14806:
14800:
14797:
14795:
14792:
14790:
14787:
14786:
14784:
14782:controversies
14778:
14772:
14769:
14767:
14764:
14762:
14759:
14757:
14754:
14752:
14749:
14748:
14746:
14742:
14736:
14733:
14731:
14728:
14726:
14723:
14721:
14720:Sindhi tribes
14718:
14716:
14713:
14711:
14708:
14706:
14703:
14701:
14698:
14696:
14693:
14691:
14688:
14687:
14685:
14683:
14679:
14673:
14672:Zulfiqar Shah
14670:
14668:
14665:
14663:
14660:
14658:
14657:Zarina Baloch
14655:
14653:
14650:
14648:
14647:Mumtaz Bhutto
14645:
14643:
14640:
14638:
14635:
14633:
14630:
14628:
14625:
14623:
14620:
14618:
14615:
14613:
14610:
14608:
14605:
14603:
14600:
14598:
14595:
14593:
14590:
14589:
14587:
14583:
14577:
14574:
14572:
14569:
14567:
14564:
14562:
14559:
14557:
14554:
14552:
14549:
14547:
14544:
14542:
14539:
14537:
14534:
14532:
14529:
14527:
14524:
14522:
14519:
14517:
14514:
14512:
14509:
14507:
14504:
14502:
14499:
14497:
14494:
14492:
14489:
14487:
14484:
14482:
14479:
14477:
14474:
14472:
14471:Dahir of Aror
14469:
14467:
14464:
14462:
14459:
14457:
14456:Chach of Aror
14454:
14452:
14451:Rai Sahasi II
14449:
14447:
14444:
14442:
14439:
14437:
14434:
14432:
14429:
14428:
14426:
14422:
14417:
14407:
14406:Sind Division
14404:
14402:
14399:
14397:
14394:
14393:
14391:
14387:
14380:
14376:
14367:
14362:
14360:
14355:
14353:
14348:
14347:
14344:
14332:
14329:
14328:
14326:
14324:
14323:Sindh tourism
14320:
14314:
14311:
14309:
14306:
14305:
14303:
14299:
14293:
14290:
14289:
14287:
14283:
14277:
14274:
14273:
14271:
14267:
14261:
14258:
14254:
14251:
14250:
14249:
14246:
14245:
14243:
14239:
14233:
14230:
14228:
14225:
14223:
14220:
14218:
14215:
14213:
14210:
14208:
14205:
14203:
14200:
14198:
14195:
14193:
14190:
14188:
14185:
14184:
14182:
14178:
14172:
14169:
14167:
14164:
14162:
14159:
14157:
14154:
14151:
14148:
14146:
14143:
14141:
14137:
14134:
14132:
14129:
14127:
14124:
14122:
14119:
14118:
14116:
14114:
14110:
14102:
14099:
14098:
14097:
14094:
14092:
14091:Sindhi tribes
14089:
14087:
14084:
14082:
14079:
14077:
14076:Sindhi cinema
14074:
14072:
14069:
14067:
14064:
14062:
14059:
14057:
14056:Sindhi bhagat
14054:
14052:
14049:
14047:
14044:
14041:
14037:
14036:Sindhi poetry
14034:
14032:
14029:
14027:
14024:
14022:
14019:
14017:
14014:
14012:
14009:
14007:
14004:
14001:
13997:
13994:
13992:
13989:
13987:
13984:
13982:
13979:
13977:
13976:Sindh workies
13974:
13973:
13971:
13969:
13965:
13959:
13956:
13954:
13951:
13949:
13946:
13944:
13941:
13939:
13936:
13934:
13933:Bhutto family
13931:
13929:
13926:
13924:
13921:
13919:
13916:
13914:
13911:
13909:
13906:
13905:
13903:
13901:
13896:
13892:
13886:
13883:
13881:
13878:
13876:
13873:
13871:
13868:
13866:
13865:Samma dynasty
13863:
13861:
13858:
13856:
13853:
13851:
13848:
13846:
13843:
13841:
13838:
13835:
13831:
13828:
13827:
13825:
13823:
13819:
13814:
13810:
13805:
13796:
13791:
13789:
13784:
13782:
13777:
13776:
13773:
13759:
13756:
13754:
13751:
13749:
13746:
13744:
13741:
13739:
13736:
13735:
13734:
13731:
13729:
13726:
13724:
13721:
13717:
13714:
13712:
13709:
13707:
13704:
13702:
13699:
13697:
13694:
13693:
13692:
13689:
13687:
13684:
13682:
13679:
13677:
13674:
13672:
13669:
13667:
13664:
13660:
13657:
13656:
13655:
13652:
13650:
13647:
13645:
13642:
13638:
13635:
13633:
13630:
13629:
13628:
13625:
13621:
13618:
13616:
13613:
13611:
13608:
13606:
13603:
13601:
13598:
13597:
13596:
13593:
13591:
13588:
13586:
13583:
13579:
13576:
13574:
13571:
13569:
13566:
13565:
13564:
13561:
13557:
13556:Urdu speakers
13554:
13552:
13549:
13547:
13544:
13542:
13539:
13537:
13534:
13532:
13529:
13528:
13527:
13524:
13522:
13519:
13517:
13514:
13512:
13509:
13507:
13504:
13502:
13499:
13497:
13494:
13492:
13489:
13487:
13484:
13482:
13479:
13477:
13474:
13472:
13469:
13467:
13464:
13462:
13459:
13457:
13454:
13452:
13449:
13447:
13444:
13442:
13439:
13437:
13434:
13432:
13429:
13427:
13424:
13422:
13419:
13417:
13414:
13412:
13409:
13407:
13404:
13402:
13399:
13397:
13394:
13392:
13389:
13387:
13384:
13382:
13379:
13375:
13372:
13370:
13367:
13366:
13365:
13362:
13360:
13357:
13355:
13352:
13350:
13347:
13346:
13343:
13339:
13332:
13327:
13325:
13320:
13318:
13313:
13312:
13309:
13297:
13294:
13292:
13289:
13287:
13284:
13282:
13279:
13277:
13274:
13272:
13269:
13267:
13264:
13262:
13259:
13258:
13256:
13254:
13250:
13244:
13241:
13239:
13236:
13234:
13233:Uttar Pradesh
13231:
13229:
13226:
13224:
13221:
13219:
13216:
13214:
13211:
13209:
13206:
13204:
13201:
13199:
13196:
13194:
13191:
13189:
13186:
13184:
13181:
13179:
13176:
13174:
13171:
13169:
13166:
13164:
13161:
13159:
13156:
13154:
13151:
13149:
13146:
13144:
13141:
13139:
13136:
13134:
13131:
13129:
13126:
13124:
13121:
13119:
13116:
13114:
13111:
13109:
13106:
13105:
13103:
13101:
13097:
13093:
13086:
13081:
13079:
13074:
13072:
13067:
13066:
13063:
13057:
13054:
13052:
13048:
13045:
13042:
13040:
13037:
13035:
13032:
13030:
13027:
13025:
13021:
13018:
13015:
13013:
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11588:
11581:
11577:. p. 1.
11576:
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11546:
11545:
11541:Meena, R. P.
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11317:
11314:. p. 5.
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10399:
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10383:
10367:
10364:. p. 1.
10363:
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10321:
10314:
10310:
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10297:
10296:90-04-08551-3
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8555:
8548:
8547:McIntosh 2008
8543:
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8163:. 6 June 2011
8162:
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8084:
8080:
8079:The Statesman
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7647:9781138910683
7643:
7639:
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7608:
7601:
7593:
7587:
7571:
7567:
7566:Global Voices
7563:
7556:
7540:
7536:
7530:
7527:. Routledge.
7526:
7525:
7517:
7501:
7497:
7493:
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7466:
7462:
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7447:
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7325:
7321:
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7286:
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7281:
7273:
7257:
7254:. Lok Virsa.
7253:
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7173:
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6990:9789694050508
6986:
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6890:9789004140080
6886:
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6835:9789814843492
6831:
6827:
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6804:
6800:
6798:9789812307996
6794:
6790:
6789:
6781:
6766:on 7 May 2021
6765:
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6402:
6396:
6389:
6385:
6381:
6375:
6369:
6368:Western world
6365:
6359:
6352:
6346:
6339:
6333:
6329:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6302:Sindhi colony
6300:
6298:
6297:Sindhi cinema
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6252:Sindhi poetry
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
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6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6177:Sindhi bhagat
6175:
6173:
6172:Sindhi Baloch
6170:
6168:
6167:Sindhi Pathan
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
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6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6104:
6093:
6087:
6082:
6078:
6077:Ranveer Singh
6072:
6067:
6063:
6057:
6052:
6048:
6042:
6037:
6033:
6032:Sunil Vaswani
6027:
6022:
6018:
6012:
6007:
6003:
5997:
5992:
5988:
5982:
5977:
5973:
5967:
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5947:
5943:
5937:
5932:
5928:
5922:
5917:
5913:
5907:
5902:
5898:
5897:Abida Parveen
5892:
5887:
5883:
5877:
5872:
5869:
5865:
5864:Fahad Mustafa
5859:
5854:
5850:
5844:
5839:
5835:
5829:
5824:
5820:
5814:
5809:
5805:
5799:
5794:
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5779:
5778:
5776:
5766:
5764:
5760:
5756:
5752:
5748:
5742:
5737:
5736:Sindhi poetry
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5707:
5703:
5699:
5695:
5691:
5687:
5682:
5680:
5676:
5668:
5664:
5657:
5653:
5649:
5645:
5636:
5633:
5629:
5628:Central Asian
5625:
5621:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5605:
5601:
5597:
5593:
5589:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5575:
5571:
5562:
5559:, which is a
5558:
5557:Beeh-ji-Bhaji
5554:
5549:
5539:
5537:
5533:
5529:
5519:
5517:
5513:
5509:
5499:
5497:
5493:
5489:
5482:
5478:
5475:, one of the
5474:
5470:
5466:
5461:
5457:
5443:
5438:
5434:
5429:
5425:
5420:
5416:
5411:
5407:
5402:
5398:
5397:Sassui Punhun
5393:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5361:
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5349:
5347:
5343:
5342:Dodo Chanesar
5339:
5335:
5326:
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5305:
5302:
5301:Muhana Dance:
5299:
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5161:Abida Parveen
5158:
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5143:
5140:
5136:
5132:
5128:
5123:
5121:
5117:
5116:Ancient India
5113:
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5017:
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4990:
4988:
4984:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4971:Usta Muhammad
4968:
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14780:Contemporary
14689:
14652:Safdar Sarki
14466:Agham Lohana
14285:Sindhi media
14232:Sindh Museum
14086:Sindhi media
14066:Sindhi music
14040:Sindhi poets
13995:
13938:Sindh Police
13834:Mohenjo-daro
13711:Meghwar Bhil
13690:
13128:Chhattisgarh
12969:. Retrieved
12943:
12923:
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6182:Sindhi Memon
6162:Sindhi names
6142:Sindhi Sikhs
6092:Kiara Advani
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5747:independence
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5662:
5661:
5585:
5582:
5566:
5556:
5525:
5505:
5485:
5382:
5380:
5357:
5350:
5334:Watayo Faqir
5331:
5306:
5300:
5294:
5288:
5282:
5276:
5270:
5264:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5238:
5180:
5173:
5170:
5152:Sindhi music
5124:
5120:Indus Valley
5101:
5071:
5020:Salwar Cholo
5016:Ghagra Choli
5009:
4991:
4951:Kacchi Plain
4943:
4938:
4918:
4916:
3951:
3694:
3672:
3638:Perso-Arabic
3635:
3620:
3611:
3582:
3563:
3544:
3506:
3485:Saudi Arabia
3479:such as the
3462:
3439:
3387:
2929:
2865:
2851:
2813:
2809:Sufi shrines
2785:
2747:
2743:Bab-ul-Islam
2742:
2736:
2724:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2677:
2652:
2614:Christianity
2586:
2576:
2541:
2534:
2507:
2489:
2459:
2435:
2426:
2422:
2340:
2325:
2303:Demographics
2297:
2281:
2277:
2268:
2255:
2252:British rule
2223:
2200:
2173:
2159:
2128:
2113:Brahamanabad
2106:
2101:al-Baladhuri
2096:
2090:
2075:
2048:
2024:
2012:
1990:water supply
1975:
1964:
1956:Minoan Crete
1936:Mohenjo Daro
1929:
1907:
1883:
1877:
1851:, headed by
1829:Islamic rule
1817:Bab-ul Islam
1816:
1814:
1783:
1764:
1742:
1707:
1688:
1578:Maharashtra
1534:
1530:L. K. Advani
1513:
1483:
1460:
1433:
1390:
1360:
1302:geographical
1294:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1240:
1232:Perso-Arabic
1229:
1220:
1215:
1169:Sindh portal
1033:
1032:
1014:
1013:
995:
994:
977:
955:British rule
887:
838:
805:concentrated
777:Sindhi Sikhs
766:
758:Kutch region
728:province of
683:Perso-Arabic
635:
634:
581:
569:
508:Saint Martin
476:1,200 (2011)
458:2,640 (2021)
440:3,300 (2020)
202:Saudi Arabia
126:
87:Ethnic group
67:
55:
51:Sinti people
47:Sindi people
14808:Battles and
14766:Shaikh Ayaz
14761:Tajal Bewas
14642:Sajjad Shar
14622:Qadir Magsi
14486:Jam Raidhan
14481:Jam Tamachi
14166:Indus River
14101:Cheti Chand
13845:Rai dynasty
13666:Salvi Mewar
13637:Spin Tareen
13546:Rajasthanis
13291:Lakshadweep
13243:West Bengal
13238:Uttarakhand
13173:Maharashtra
12585:21 November
12352:15 December
12313:15 December
12274:15 December
12022:30 December
11990:30 December
11385:: 192–201.
11289:23 February
11259:23 February
11228:23 February
11143:, Edinburgh
11125:22 December
11050:22 December
11039:Daily Times
11017:28 February
9889:10 November
9206:23 February
9176:25 February
9137:25 February
9098:25 February
9046:Daily Times
8986:25 February
8954:25 February
8895:25 February
8797:25 February
8737:15 February
8523:Wright 2009
8356:13 February
8326:13 February
8295:13 February
8265:13 February
8234:13 February
8197:13 February
8111:25 December
7926:Daily Times
7896:The Pioneer
7709:Daily Times
7621:25 December
7301:25 February
7262:25 February
6809:15 November
6461:25 December
6282:Sindhi Camp
6112:Nanakpanthi
6107:Cheti Chand
6002:Shaikh Ayaz
5690:Sindhi Topi
5639:Culture Day
5632:South Asian
5536:Cheti Chand
5516:Eid al-Fitr
5512:Eid-ul-Adha
5473:Sindhi topi
5406:Sohni Mehar
5372:Moomal Rano
5368:Sassi Punnu
5289:Doka/Dandio
5215:Ravanahatha
5201:, Borindo,
5185:, Tamburo,
5052:Sindhi topi
5028:mirror work
4996:(244,000).
4947:Balochistan
4939:Sindhu-deśa
4927:Apabhramsha
3692:in 712 CE.
3555:Arabian Sea
3440:The Sindhi
3411:, Drakhan,
3354:Sadarangani
3350:Ramchandani
3304:, Daryani,
3300:, Chugani,
3257:, Mirpuri,
3239:Hiranandani
3225:, Bodhani,
3151:, Bhangar,
2640:, built by
2589:2017 census
2526:Mirpur Khas
2493:along with
2411:Sindhi Jats
2381:, Dhareja,
2345:and Sindhi
2184:Mirpur Khas
2061:. Habbari,
1982:baked brick
1952:Mesopotamia
1908:Priest-King
1839:during the
1802:Indo-Greeks
1691:Afghanistan
1562:% of Total
1541:Maharashtra
1225:Indus River
1147:Thar Desert
960:Current Era
930:Rai dynasty
893:Nationalism
746:Balochistan
599:Nanakpanthi
328:Philippines
292:Afghanistan
70:Sindhi text
14961:Categories
14789:Sindhudesh
14735:Sindhudesh
14710:Sindhi cap
14592:G. M. Syed
14491:Jam Sanjar
14276:Red Sindhi
14031:Sindhology
13986:Sindhi cap
13895:Government
13654:Rajasthani
13563:Nuristanis
13466:Hindkowans
13296:Puducherry
13266:Chandigarh
13218:Tamil Nadu
12738:Dyson, Tim
12673:4 December
12643:4 December
12612:7 December
12555:4 December
12525:12 January
12495:4 December
12465:4 December
12435:4 December
12425:The Nation
12413:6 December
12232:12 January
12202:12 January
12172:12 January
12139:12 January
12108:12 January
12082:12 January
12072:The Nation
12052:12 January
11759:11 January
11733:11 January
11678:30 January
11647:30 January
11555:30 January
11494:30 January
11455:29 October
11426:29 October
11355:29 January
11198:2 February
11168:2 February
11089:30 January
10894:1502.02783
10734:15 January
10704:15 January
10639:13 January
10025:23 January
9858:13 October
9548:10 October
9264:10 October
8925:27 January
8826:3 February
8572:2021666208
8564:تارىخ سندھ
8535:Dyson 2018
8478:13 January
8346:roar.media
8221:MEA.gov.in
8058:2 February
8028:2 February
7997:2 February
7987:edtimes.in
7966:22 January
7936:22 January
7906:22 January
7875:22 January
7844:22 January
7814:22 January
7784:22 January
7685:30 January
7408:25 January
7340:30 January
7199:19 January
7149:19 January
6919:13 January
6864:30 January
6714:15 January
6656:Ethnologue
6602:Ethnologue
6425:"Pakistan"
6411:References
6287:Sindhi cap
6157:Ulhasnagar
6122:Sindhudesh
5734:See also:
5616:vegetables
5561:lotus root
5454:See also:
5442:Momal Rano
5390:Umar Marui
5376:Umar Marvi
5318:See also:
5314:Folk tales
5225:See also:
5203:Murli/Been
5150:See also:
5058:Literature
4979:Jhal Magsi
4935:Markandeya
3914:Numeration
3897:Diacritics
3675:Indo-Aryan
3661:resolution
3642:Devanagari
3596:See also:
3570:traditions
3463:After the
3446:Emigration
3430:Emigration
3179:, Arisar,
3169:Halaypotro
3019:, Dakhan,
2430:Makli Hill
2385:, Dakhan,
2247:from Sindh
2097:Chach Nama
1994:metallurgy
1960:Caral-Supe
1759:See also:
1683:See also:
1655:Karnataka
1589:Rajasthan
1496:See also:
1444:Jeay Sindh
1434:After the
1361:After the
1326:Sindhudesh
1312:See also:
1210:See also:
1117:Television
1097:Literature
940:Arab Sindh
905:Sindhology
811:, whereas
719:Indo-Aryan
710:pronounced
691:Devanagari
549:Hindi-Urdu
346:Bangladesh
168:39,252,262
14810:conflicts
14506:Jam Feroz
14180:Education
14150:Nawabshah
14145:Hyderabad
14126:Districts
14113:Geography
13681:Shumashti
13536:Gujaratis
13486:Kashmiris
13223:Telangana
13208:Rajasthan
13183:Meghalaya
13158:Karnataka
13153:Jharkhand
13029:TheSindhi
12799:, BRILL,
11947:2278-8794
11877:9 January
11822:9 January
11608:4 January
11433:Pakistan.
11158:Gulf News
10919:1476-4687
10822:1344-6223
10808:: 11–13.
10629:Scroll.in
10540:cite book
10509:. Sindh.
10081:17 August
9624:7 January
9585:614596834
9538:Scroll.in
9519:151354587
8841:Wink 2002
8508:22 August
8454:855957425
8316:Scroll.in
8255:Scroll.in
7750:1 January
7719:1 January
7101:4 January
7087:"Culture"
6756:"Sindhis"
6740:11 August
6435:11 August
6380:carnelian
5972:Imdad Ali
5868:Lollywood
5724:Islamabad
5650:, famous
5574:mani/roti
5450:Festivals
5241:Ho Jamalo
5093:astronomy
4987:Sohbatpur
4983:Nasirabad
4975:Jafarabad
3876:Extended
3658:unanimous
3656:passed a
3559:seafaring
3489:Hong Kong
3458:Gibraltar
3362:Singhania
3322:Jhangiani
3314:Hingorani
3267:Qaimkhani
3137:Sahu/Soho
3089:Khaskheli
2937:Surnames
2739:Caliphate
2624:Ahmaddiya
2570:. By the
2564:Shikarpur
2562:, 65% of
2558:, 70% of
2556:Hyderabad
2532:in 1947.
2518:Hyderabad
2269:"Peccavi"
2221:in 1955.
2176:Hyderabad
1988:systems,
1894:over the
1749:Singapore
1745:Hong Kong
1730:partition
1726:Hyderabad
1722:migration
1718:Sri Lanka
1545:Rajasthan
1388:in 1936.
1206:Etymology
1107:Festivals
803:that are
726:Pakistani
717:) are an
699:romanized
687:, सिन्धी
623:Gujaratis
535:Languages
526:Gibraltar
490:Sri Lanka
454:Australia
418:Indonesia
400:Singapore
310:Hong Kong
187:3,000,000
14725:Malakhra
14476:Jam Unar
14431:Rai Diwa
14260:Malakhra
13918:Governor
13900:politics
13809:Province
13644:Punjabis
13627:Pashtuns
13610:Shughnan
13605:Sariquli
13526:Muhajirs
13451:Gujarati
13386:Bengalis
13193:Nagaland
13047:Archived
13020:Archived
13008:Archived
12962:Archived
12816:(2009).
12776:ABC-Clio
12768:(2008).
12740:(2018).
12667:Archived
12637:Archived
12633:DAWN.COM
12606:Archived
12579:Archived
12549:Archived
12519:Archived
12489:Archived
12459:Archived
12429:Archived
12407:Archived
12377:Archived
12373:DAWN.COM
12346:Archived
12307:Archived
12268:Archived
12226:Archived
12196:Archived
12166:Archived
12133:Archived
12129:DAWN.COM
12076:Archived
12046:Archived
12013:Archived
11984:Archived
11951:Archived
11935:Episteme
11871:Archived
11816:Archived
11783:Archived
11753:Archived
11727:Archived
11672:Archived
11641:Archived
11602:Archived
11598:PakPedia
11549:Archived
11520:Archived
11488:Archived
11449:Archived
11420:Archived
11391:42931119
11349:Archived
11341:"Sindhi"
11316:Archived
11283:Archived
11279:ANI News
11253:Archived
11249:DAWN.COM
11222:Archived
11192:Archived
11188:ANI News
11162:Archived
11119:Archived
11083:Archived
11044:Archived
11011:Archived
10961:Archived
10937:25731166
10834:Archived
10830:28549541
10771:Archived
10728:Archived
10698:Archived
10633:Archived
10567:Archived
10521:Archived
10479:Archived
10443:Archived
10405:Archived
10366:Archived
10190:10 April
10181:Archived
10152:10 April
10075:Archived
10045:Archived
10016:Archived
9987:Archived
9914:Archived
9883:Archived
9852:Archived
9822:cite web
9784:Archived
9764:28 March
9697:30 March
9691:Archived
9687:DAWN.COM
9667:30 March
9661:Archived
9657:DAWN.COM
9589:Archived
9542:Archived
9475:Archived
9433:Archived
9401:Archived
9335:Archived
9293:Archived
9258:Archived
9227:Archived
9200:Archived
9170:Archived
9131:Archived
9092:Archived
9050:Archived
9029:century.
8980:Archived
8948:Archived
8889:Archived
8820:Archived
8791:archived
8731:Archived
8705:Archived
8682:Archived
8648:Archived
8606:Archived
8502:Archived
8498:BBC News
8472:Archived
8411:Archived
8380:Archived
8350:Archived
8320:Archived
8289:Archived
8259:Archived
8225:Archived
8191:Archived
8161:Dawn.com
8135:Archived
8083:Archived
8052:Archived
8022:Archived
7991:Archived
7960:Archived
7956:The Wire
7930:Archived
7900:Archived
7869:Archived
7838:Archived
7808:Archived
7778:Archived
7744:Archived
7713:Archived
7679:Archived
7615:Archived
7611:DAWN.COM
7586:cite web
7570:Archived
7539:Archived
7500:Archived
7496:DAWN.COM
7475:22 March
7469:Archived
7402:Archived
7398:DAWN.COM
7369:Archived
7334:Archived
7295:Archived
7256:Archived
7224:Archived
7193:Archived
7189:The Wire
7143:Archived
7095:Archived
7073:Archived
7030:Archived
6995:Archived
6955:cite web
6939:Archived
6913:Archived
6858:Archived
6803:Archived
6734:Archived
6708:Archived
6661:7 August
6618:Archived
6575:3 August
6569:Archived
6540:Archived
6513:3 August
6507:Archived
6455:Archived
6429:Archived
6362:Amongst
6100:See also
5492:heritage
5295:Charuri:
5097:medicine
3955:digraphs
3909:Numerals
3646:occasion
3592:Language
3566:folklore
3495:Genetics
3442:diaspora
3417:Maganhar
3386:Artisan
3370:Wadhwani
3358:Sarabhai
3298:Chhabria
3263:Nihalani
3247:Lanjwani
3235:Dhingria
3215:Bhagnani
3203:/Muslim
3167:, Dayo,
3165:Hingorjo
3049:Rathores
3031:, Halo,
2930:Religion
2832:Jhulelal
2760:scholar
2712:district
2604:Hinduism
2503:Brahmins
2499:Xuanzang
2495:Buddhism
2491:Hinduism
2383:Rathores
2349:are the
2180:Khairpur
2078:Muhammad
2059:Umayyids
2055:Abbasids
2051:Buddhist
2038:medieval
2034:infantry
1986:drainage
1873:Tarkhans
1857:Habbaris
1703:Balochis
1679:Diaspora
1567:Gujarat
1471:Saraikis
1467:Pashtuns
1463:Punjabis
1427:and the
1423:such as
1382:province
1378:suzerain
1371:Khairpur
1369:and the
1308:Pakistan
1273:Punjabis
1218:Sanskrit
1152:Siwistan
1112:Religion
1060:Clothing
973:Diaspora
876:Dialects
871:Language
866:Folklore
859:Identity
831:a series
829:Part of
787:and the
756:and the
742:language
679:
619:Punjabis
595:Hinduism
582:Minority
570:Majority
564:Religion
274:Malaysia
164:Pakistan
14690:Sindhis
14682:Culture
14461:Chandar
14140:Karachi
14136:Climate
13996:Sindhis
13968:Culture
13958:Economy
13822:History
13753:Uyghurs
13743:Turkmen
13691:Sindhis
13671:Saraiki
13649:Purigpa
13595:Pamiris
13585:Paharis
13531:Biharis
13521:Marwari
13516:Makrani
13506:Ladakhi
13481:Kalkoti
13461:Hazaras
13411:Chinese
13406:Burusho
13391:Biharis
13374:Khetran
13349:Afghans
13228:Tripura
13188:Mizoram
13178:Manipur
13143:Haryana
13138:Gujarat
12971:11 June
12383:20 July
11960:10 June
11789:10 June
11396:9 April
10970:16 June
10928:5048219
10899:Bibcode
9993:6 April
9812:24 June
9442:14 June
9407:15 June
9341:peccavi
9302:11 June
9233:22 July
9056:6 March
8615:23 June
8167:27 July
8141:27 July
8089:3 April
7692:Dargahs
7545:5 April
7506:2 April
7233:16 June
6945:10 June
6770:10 June
6549:10 July
6366:in the
5751:Triolet
5648:Sindhri
5608:chicken
5596:Sindhis
5588:Muslims
5542:Cuisine
5530:. Many
5508:Muslims
5506:Sindhi
5502:Muslims
5488:culture
5477:symbols
5336:tales,
5307:Rasudo:
5271:Dhamaal
5245:Dhammal
5191:Yaktaro
5135:GM Syed
5089:Baghdad
5085:Caliphs
4955:Lasbela
4815:
4803:
4791:
4779:
4767:
4755:
4743:
4731:
4719:
4707:
4695:
4683:
4671:
4580:
4568:
4556:
4544:
4532:
4520:
4508:
4496:
4484:
4472:
4460:
4448:
4436:
4355:
4343:
4331:
4319:
4307:
4295:
4283:
4271:
4259:
4247:
4235:
4223:
4211:
4124:
4112:
4100:
4088:
4076:
4064:
4052:
4040:
4028:
4016:
4004:
3992:
3980:
3964:
3887:History
3682:Persian
3678:dialect
3574:customs
3527:Culture
3393:Kumbhar
3388:Castes
3366:Vaswani
3346:Mukhija
3342:Motwani
3338:Malkani
3334:Makhija
3330:Mahtani
3326:Lalwani
3310:Gidwani
3302:Dadlani
3279:Vangani
3259:Mirwani
3243:Lakhani
3193:Khokhar
3161:Hingoro
3157:Chhutto
3153:Roonjha
3101:Solangi
3065:Thaheem
3061:Mahesar
3045:Panhwar
3033:Dhareja
3029:Chachar
3001:Chohans
2981:Kambohs
2969:Kalhora
2961:Soomros
2814:Sindhi
2715:borders
2708:Soomras
2644:on 1762
2626:(0.05%)
2616:(0.85%)
2606:(8.73%)
2568:Karachi
2514:Karachi
2379:Chachar
2363:Lohanas
2359:Bhattis
2355:Kambohs
2351:Bhuttos
2347:Rajputs
2258:British
2205:at the
2203:British
2143:Umerkot
2071:Kalhora
2020:Kushans
1998:Harappa
1869:Arghuns
1861:Soomras
1835:by the
1821:transl.
1790:Hindush
1755:History
1738:Colombo
1537:Gujarat
1405:GM Syed
1375:British
1277:British
1241:In the
1135:Regions
1082:Cuisine
1053:Culture
1034:Oceania
950:Talpurs
918:History
888:Sindhis
839:Sindhis
785:England
762:Gujarat
738:history
701::
636:Sindhis
597:(incl.
554:English
422:~10,000
103:
18:Dhareja
14241:Sports
14171:Makran
13875:Talpur
13815:topics
13738:Kyrgyz
13733:Turkic
13728:Torwal
13716:Memons
13701:Kutchi
13696:Jadgal
13620:Yidgha
13590:Palula
13551:Tamils
13541:Memons
13476:Kalash
13456:Gurjar
13436:Gabaro
13421:Dogras
13401:Broqpa
13396:Brahui
13381:Bateri
13369:Dehwar
13364:Baloch
13286:Ladakh
13213:Sikkim
13203:Punjab
13198:Odisha
13163:Kerala
13100:States
12954:
12930:
12911:
12892:
12864:
12830:
12803:
12782:
12754:
12338:
12299:
12260:
11945:
11845:
11707:7 June
11633:
11526:6 June
11480:
11389:
11322:7 June
11075:
10935:
10925:
10917:
10881:Nature
10840:21 May
10828:
10820:
10777:21 May
10763:
10530:29 May
10513:
10485:29 May
10452:29 May
10414:29 May
10375:29 May
10294:
10273:
10221:
9946:
9920:2 July
9732:20 May
9595:2 July
9583:
9573:
9517:
9467:
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