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1008:" in terms of economic development within 20 years. Some of the notable remarks and comments from Deng during the tour included "I don't care if the cat is black or white, so long as it catches mice" （不管黑猫白猫，能捉到老鼠就是好猫）, which was originally published by him in 1960s, and "development is of overriding importance (发展才是硬道理)” as well as " should be bolder in carrying out the Reforms and Opening-up, dare to make experiments and should not act as
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1283:. If you think something is right, then bravely test it and embrace it. The important experience of Shenzhen is the daring spirit. Without this daring spirit and the courage, without the energy, you can not find a good path or a new path, and you can not create a new career. (改革开放胆子要大一些，敢于试验，不能像小脚女人一样。看准了的，就大胆地试，大胆地闯。深圳的重要经验就是敢闯。没有一点闯的精神，没有一点“冒”的精神，没有一股气呀、劲呀，就走不出一条好路，走不出一条新路，就干不出新的事业)
1483:. Jiang eventually sided with Deng in April 1992, and the national media finally reported Deng's southern tour almost two months after it completed. Observers suggest that Jiang's submission to Deng's policies had solidified his position as Deng's heir apparent. Behind the scenes, Deng's southern tour aided his reformist allies' such as Shanghai party committee secretary
1496:" region surrounding Shanghai. Deng reiterated the general policy that 'some areas must get rich before others', and asserted that the wealth from coastal regions will eventually be transferred to aid economic construction inland. The theory, however, faced numerous challenges when put into practice, as provincial governments moved to protect their own interests.
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1336:, that "those who do not promote reform should be brought down from their leadership positions". He also paid visits to several high-tech companies in Zhuhai, where he underlined the importance of science and technology and called on Chinese overseas students to come back to their motherland. Deng left the area on January 29.
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Deng's southern tour saved China's capital market and protected the two stock exchanges in China: the
Shanghai Stock Exchange (since November 1990) and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (since December 1990). Moreover, his insistence on economic openness aided in the phenomenal growth levels of the coastal
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On his tour, Deng made various speeches which generated large local support for his reformist platform. He stressed the importance of economic reform in China, and criticized those who were against further reform and opening up. Although there was a debate on whether or not Deng actually said it, his
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climb to the apex of national power, and permanently changed China's direction toward economic development. Deng increased his support among province leaders, the military, the press, and the public generally. In addition, the eventual outcome of the southern tour proved that Deng was still the most
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The essential difference between socialism and capitalism is not whether state planning dominates the market or vice versa. The planned economy is not equivalent to socialism, and in a capitalist economy, there is also planning. Both planning and markets are means of economics ... Are securities and
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the stock market good or bad? Could socialism also use them? We are allowed to take a look, but more importantly, we should try it out ... For socialism to gain an advantage it must bravely absorb and learn from all the achievements of civilizations created by human society.
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In
November 1989, the CCP Central Committee passed a resolution ("关于进一步治理整顿和深化改革的决定"), stating that the pace of reforms was too fast, and decided to overhaul the changes. As a result, the Reforms and Opening-up program came to a virtual halt, especially after the
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At first, Deng's southern tour was ignored by
Beijing and national media, which were then under the control of Deng's political rivals. Jiang Zemin, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party since 1989, showed little support. Nevertheless, media in
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It’ll take careful study to determine whether stocks and the stock market are good for socialism or not, or whether they only belong to capitalism. This also means that we must first try it out! (证券、股票，这些东西究竟好不好，有没有危险，是不是资本市场独有的东西，社会主义能不能用?允许看，但要坚决地试)
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1225:) later gave a detailed report on Deng's southern tour in an article on March 26 without receiving approval from the China's central government, making it the first media to do so in mainland China.
1713:
1447:"Planned economy does not equal socialism and market economy does not equal capitalism. Socialism can have market mechanisms as well, and government planning and market are both economic means."
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published several articles authored by "Huang Fuping (皇甫平)", promoting reforms, which quickly gained support amongst local officials and populace. On the other hand, several media in
1444:"I don't care if the cat is black or white, so long as it catches mice (不管黑猫白猫，捉到老鼠就是好猫)", which was originally published by Deng in the 1960s but became widely known after the tour.
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perceived catchphrase, "To get rich is glorious (致富光荣)" unleashed a wave of personal entrepreneurship that continues to drive China's economy today. He also stated that the "
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together with his wife, children and grandchildren, planting a tree there; in the afternoon, Deng delivered his famous lines to the officials of the
Shenzhen government:
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2739:"Great Idea but Don't Quote Him; Deng Xiaoping's famous one-liner started China on the way to capitalism. The only problem is there's no proof he actually said it"
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1453:" should be bolder in carrying out the Reforms and Opening-up, dare to make experiments and should not act as women with bound feet (改革开放胆子要大一些，敢于试验，不能像小脚女人一样)"
1385:. Together with Yang Shangkun and others, Deng visited several high-tech companies in Shanghai beginning February 10. On February 18, he spent his night of the
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Although private elements of the economy had existed since 1978, these forms of private ownership were first legally acknowledged during the southern tour.
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On
January 23, Deng set off for Zhuhai, another special economic zone in Guangdong Province. In Zhuhai, Deng emphasized to several military leaders of the
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and a leading reformist, was forced to leave his position for supporting the students and opposing military suppression in the
Tiananmen Square protests,
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949:, from January 18 to February 21, 1992. The talks and remarks made by Deng during the tour resumed and reinforced the implementation of his "
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Experimental
Legislation in China between Efficiency and Legality: The Delegated Legislative Power of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone
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1999:
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Deng left
Shanghai for Beijing on February 23, completing his southern tour. He was instrumental in the development of Shanghai's
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1462:"Go to learn from abroad, especially from Singapore. They have a system and governance on how to manage the society."
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1279:" should be bolder in carrying out the Reforms and Opening-up, dare to make experiments and should not act as
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1191:, and on January 31 Deng arrived in Shanghai, the last stop of his southern tour. After spending the 1992
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992:, that "those who do not promote reform should be brought down from their leadership positions", forcing
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must be imposed throughout the entire
Reforms and Opening-up process and emphasized the importance of
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1456:"Those who do not promote reform should be brought down from their leadership positions (谁不改革，谁就下台)"
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As part of Deng's
Southern Tour, the results of market reforms were broadcast widely on television.
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1770:"'How my father's speeches saved Chinese economic reform': Deng Xiaoping's daughter pays tribute"
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1234:
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628:
503:
2236:
1795:
Zhao, Suisheng (1993). "Deng Xiaoping's Southern Tour: Elite Politics in Post-Tiananmen China".
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1151:
At 87 years old, Deng Xiaoping began his southern tour on January 18, 1992, when he visited the
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Catrina, Schlager; Dongxiao, Chen; Alexander, Rosenplanter; Haibing, Zhang (28 November 2016).
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ordered by Deng himself. The 1992 Southern Tour is widely regarded as a critical point in the
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Deng's new wave of policy rhetoric gave way to a new political storm between factions in the
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1989:
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In one of the most consequential speeches addressing Reform and Opening Up, Deng stated:
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China And The Group 20: The Interplay Between A Rising Power And An Emerging Institution
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Around 9am on January 19, 1992, Deng Xiaoping arrived in Shenzhen, one of China's first
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first reported Deng's tour after receiving confirmation from Shenzhen government, while
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2715:
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2500:
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1849:
1820:
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1000:(CCP), to support and continue the Reforms and Opening-up program. He also wished that
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1291:" in terms of economic development within 20 years. Deng's visit also saved China's
3122:
2769:"The Man Who Re-Invented China | Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective"
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175:
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93:
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3113:(1993). "Deng Xiaoping's Southern Tour: Elite Politics in Post-Tiananmen China".
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to the economic growth and raised living standards during Reform and Opening Up.
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1016:
703:
568:
389:
48:
2824:
Developmental Piece: Theorizing China's Approach to International Peacebuilding
2795:
Sovereign Funds: How the Communist Party of China Finances its Global Ambitions
1508:
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1292:
1287:
During the visit, Deng wished that Guangdong Province would catch up with the "
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954:
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1963:
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1816:
1681:"After 20 Years of 'Peaceful Evolution,' China Faces Another Historic Moment"
1410:
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was appointed the new General Secretary with the support of several powerful
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During the southern tour, Deng emphasized to several military leaders of the
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approved by himself, and was warmly received by local officials including
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and some technology company the next day. On January 21, he visited the
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On January 31, Deng arrived in Shanghai, where he celebrated the 1992
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as civil war, and attributed the maintenance of stability after the
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The hotel room in which Deng Xiaoping stayed while visiting Shenzhen
1440:
Other notable remarks from Deng during his southern tour included:
1378:
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1164:
1128:
1087:
946:
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203:
121:
2712:
Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Kenya
2368:"The inside story of the propaganda fightback for Deng's reforms"
1706:"The inside story of the propaganda fightback for Deng's reforms"
1339:
1196:
1136:
1132:
2562:"Was Deng Xiaoping Right? An Overview of China's Equity Markets"
3031:
1740:"Tiananmen: 'Deng Xiaoping Clearly Wanted to Make a Statement'"
1397:
1180:
1103:
938:
1542:
The Nanxun Legacy and China's Development in the Post-Deng Era
1459:"We should do more and engage less in empty talk (多干实事，少说空话)"
1156:
926:
648:
3200:
Decision-making in Deng's China: Perspectives from Insiders
2087:"Opinion | How Deng Xiaoping Helped Create a Corrupt China"
1377:
on a cruise ship, accompanied by local officials including
957:, which had come to a halt after the military crackdown on
1429:
Speaking during the tour, Deng Xiaoping characterized the
2924:
Mao and markets the communist roots of Chinese enterprise
1603:
1400:, revitalizing the city as one of China's economic hubs.
208:
126:
3008:"We should do more and engage less in empty talk - 1992"
2853:
No Limits: The Inside Story of China's War with the West
1187:
from January 19 to 29. After that, he briefly stayed in
3197:
Carol Lee Hamrin, Suisheng Zhao and A. Doak Barnett.
1413:" elements of the CCP were much more dangerous than "
187:
105:
2708:"An old man's ups and downs in China's stock market"
2648:
Special Economic Zones and China's Development Path
1450:"Development is of overriding importance (发展才是硬道理)”
3060:"Records of Comrade Deng Xiaoping's Shenzhen Tour"
1373:on February 7, and on the next day he toured the
1271:. In the morning of January 22, Deng visited the
1043:
3216:
1056:Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
998:General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party
1058:(CCP) had serious disagreements on whether the
3164:Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China.
1635:(in Chinese). 31 December 2011. Archived from
1015:However, although Deng himself mentioned that
231:History of the People's Republic of China
2437:(in Chinese). 13 January 2012. Archived from
2121:"Analysis | How has Tiananmen changed China?"
1575:(in Chinese). 24 January 2014. Archived from
1307:(since December 1990). Deng pointed out that:
1220:
863:
149:
75:
61:
3103:
2619:(in Chinese). 23 August 2004. Archived from
2918:
1881:"FLEXIBLE 'SOCIALISM' FUELS CHINESE GROWTH"
1435:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
1207:on his way back to Beijing on February 20.
484:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
277:Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries
870:
856:
33:
3012:International Institute of Social History
2645:Tao, Yitao; Lu, Zhiguo (5 October 2018).
16:1992 political campaign in southern China
2529:
1481:Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party
1470:
1338:
1238:
1038:
1023:, the Southern Tour did not resolve the
2960:"Factsheet on the Deng Xiaoping Marker"
2914:
2912:
2736:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2409:
1295:, especially the two newly established
292:Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
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2603:
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1121:Starting from the spring of 1991, the
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2525:
2523:
2217:from the original on 11 November 2020
2152:(in Simplified Chinese). 2 April 2012
1984:
1982:
1980:
1952:"The great pragmatist: Deng Xiaoping"
1946:
1944:
1911:
1909:
1874:
1872:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1716:from the original on 13 November 2018
3109:
2979:
2909:
2821:
2815:
2737:Iritani, Evelyn (9 September 2004).
2566:Journal of Applied Corporate Finance
2302:from the original on 9 November 2020
2084:
2066:from the original on 6 November 2019
1794:
1733:
1731:
1538:
1259:of Guangdong Province. Deng visited
1171:. He then visited several cities in
973:, and preserved societal stability.
759:2020 Hong Kong national security law
452:Campaign against spiritual pollution
2897:from the original on 2 January 2021
2792:
2786:
2665:
2635:
2600:
2550:
2530:Martinek, Madeleine (21 May 2018).
2453:
2386:
2357:
2323:
2314:
2191:
1929:from the original on 25 August 2007
1878:
474:1986 Chinese student demonstrations
13:
3152:
2952:
2851:Small, Andrew (15 November 2022).
2684:. 18 December 2013. Archived from
2520:
2329:How China Escaped the Poverty Trap
2170:
1977:
1941:
1906:
1869:
1831:
1678:
1403:
1195:in Shanghai, Deng briefly visited
1066:ordered the military crackdown on
619:South–North Water Transfer Project
546:US bombing of the Belgrade embassy
442:Strike Hard Against Crime Campaign
282:Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns
14:
3246:
2980:Shan, Shaojie (16 October 2019).
2757:– via Pqasb.pqarchiver.com.
2504:. 19 January 2012. Archived from
2034:from the original on 11 July 2020
2002:from the original on 10 July 2020
1728:
1672:
1651:
1514:Time is Money, Efficiency is Life
584:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
579:Forum on China–Africa Cooperation
479:Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration
24:Deng Xiaoping's southern tour
2476:from the original on 4 June 2020
2118:
1750:from the original on 5 June 2014
1737:
1347:of Shanghai on February 7, 1992.
1135:, controlled by Jiang Zemin and
839:
395:1978 Truth Criterion Controversy
340:Seven Thousand Cadres Conference
238:
3077:
3052:
3025:
3000:
2973:
2877:
2855:. Melville House. p. 194.
2844:
2761:
2730:
2700:
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2282:
2256:
2229:
2164:
2138:
2112:
2078:
2062:(in Chinese). 19 January 2017.
2046:
2014:
1788:
1659:"Deng Xiaoping's Southern Tour"
1545:. Singapore: World Scientific.
1108:dissolution of the Soviet Union
744:China International Import Expo
209:
127:
2967:National Archives of Singapore
2202:
1998:(in Chinese). 19 August 2013.
1762:
1698:
1679:Ma, Damien (23 January 2012).
1666:Berkshire Publishing Group LLC
1619:
1591:
1559:
1532:
1369:In Shanghai, Deng visited the
1303:(since November 1990) and the
1068:1989 Tiananmen Square protests
1060:Reforms and Opening-up program
1050:1989 Tiananmen Square protests
1044:Halt of Reforms and Opening-up
959:1989 Tiananmen Square protests
890:
447:Sino-British Joint Declaration
188:
150:
106:
76:
62:
1:
3178:Deng Xiaoping's Shenzhen Tour
2472:(in Chinese). 27 March 2018.
1526:
1086:conservative leaders such as
883:Deng Xiaoping's southern tour
739:China–United States trade war
412:China–United States relations
2745:. p. A1. Archived from
2171:Wu, Wei (22 December 2014).
2146:"北京话题 - 南巡讲话助中国经济起飞但政治后遗症严重"
2030:(in Chinese). 14 June 2016.
1925:(in Chinese). 20 July 2007.
1879:Sun, Lena H. (28 May 1992).
1853:(in Chinese). Archived from
1389:in the shopping district of
1031:in China, nor did it resume
754:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
345:Socialist Education Movement
128:dang6 siu2 ping4 naam4 ceon4
7:
2926:. Kunyuan Qiao. New Haven:
2150:Radio France Internationale
1990:"改革开放胆子要大一些，敢于试验，不能像小脚女人一样"
1843:Liang, Wei (24 July 2016).
1502:
1351:
1273:Fairy Lake Botanical Garden
1269:Splendid China Folk Village
1228:
1217:Shenzhen Special Zone Daily
1146:
1106:and around the time of the
10:
3251:
3085:"Zhu Rongji on the Record"
2793:Liu, Zongyuan Zoe (2023).
1466:
1355:
1232:
1047:
2828:Columbia University Press
2205:"邓小平南方谈话的先声："皇甫平"的"四论改革""
2085:Tong, Bao (3 June 2015).
1845:"邓小平92年南巡时讲话：谁反对改革就让谁睡觉去"
1315:
1257:Communist Party Secretary
1221:
1033:China's political reforms
1004:would catch up with the "
914:
902:
734:Xinjiang internment camps
709:Meeting with Ma Ying-Jeou
559:China Western Development
551:Persecution of Falun Gong
220:
202:
195:
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120:
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92:
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83:
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55:
32:
28:
23:
2922:; Qiao, Kunyuan (2022).
2799:Harvard University Press
2560:Walter, Carl E. (2014).
2496:"邓小平92南巡背景揭秘 有两句话记者不敢见报"
2429:"邓小平92南巡背景揭秘，有两句话记者不敢见报"
2372:South China Morning Post
2333:Cornell University Press
2054:"对干部和共产党员来说，廉政建设要作为大事来抓"
1774:South China Morning Post
1710:South China Morning Post
1539:Wong, John (June 2001).
1488:powerful man in China.
1322:People's Liberation Army
1113:
1027:as well as the widening
978:People's Liberation Army
714:2016 G20 Hangzhou summit
689:Belt and Road Initiative
684:Anti-corruption campaign
524:One country, two systems
457:Bourgeois liberalization
335:Two Bombs, One Satellite
307:Hundred Flowers Campaign
71:Traditional Chinese
2797:. The Belknap Press of
2678:"邓小平南巡讲话：奠定中国证券市场发展的春天"
1492:areas, especially the "
1475:Shenzhen Stock Exchange
1358:Shanghai Stock Exchange
1305:Shenzhen Stock Exchange
1301:Shanghai Stock Exchange
1235:Shenzhen Stock Exchange
967:Chinese economic reform
963:modern history of China
634:Three Links with Taiwan
629:2008 Sichuan earthquake
604:2002–2004 SARS outbreak
504:Shanghai Stock Exchange
57:Simplified Chinese
2822:Meng, Wenting (2024).
2264:"Profile: Jiang Zemin"
1917:"广东GDP总量今年将超亚洲四小龙平均水平"
1567:"1992年邓小平南巡珍贵历史照片(组图)"
1476:
1427:
1348:
1313:
1285:
1249:special economic zones
1244:
1062:should continue after
951:Reforms and Opening-up
771:2020–2021 reform spree
729:Persecution of Uyghurs
659:West–East Gas Pipeline
564:Hainan Island incident
405:Special economic zones
400:Reforms and Opening Up
312:Anti-Rightist Campaign
3064:People's Daily Online
2928:Yale University Press
2773:Ohio State University
1474:
1422:
1342:
1309:
1281:women with bound feet
1277:
1265:Overseas Chinese Town
1242:
1076:CCP General Secretary
1039:Historical background
1010:women with bound feet
624:Qinghai–Tibet railway
529:Handover of Hong Kong
107:Dèng Xiǎopíng Nán Xún
3038:. World Scientific.
2920:Marquis, Christopher
2351:10.7591/j.ctt1zgwm1j
2290:"第十三届中央委员会第五次全体会议公报"
1958:. 18 December 2008.
1712:. 14 November 2018.
776:2022 Winter Olympics
677:2012–present: Xi era
639:2008 Summer Olympics
574:Accession to the WTO
514:Deng's southern tour
497:1989–2002: Jiang era
330:Great Chinese Famine
287:First five-year plan
262:Land Reform Movement
210:gau2 ji6 naam4 ceon4
2885:"邓小平同志"黑猫白猫论"背后的故事"
2749:on 18 November 2007
1857:on 12 December 2018
1431:Cultural Revolution
1100:Revolutions of 1989
1029:economic inequality
509:Pudong New District
429:Sino-Vietnamese War
424:Four Modernizations
378:1976–1989: Deng era
365:Richard Nixon visit
355:Cultural Revolution
2986:The New York Times
2578:10.1111/jacf.12075
2508:on 6 November 2019
2374:. 14 November 2018
2177:The New York Times
2173:"80年代的政治改革为什么会失败？"
2091:The New York Times
1477:
1349:
1245:
1173:Guangdong Province
1002:Guangdong province
965:, as it saved the
917:) was the tour of
895:1992 southern tour
614:Visit of Lien Chan
325:Great Leap Forward
297:Bandung Conference
250:1949–1976: Mao era
139:1992 southern tour
3194:on July 21, 2020)
3045:978-1-938134-91-3
2937:978-0-300-26883-6
2862:978-1-68589-015-5
2743:Los Angeles Times
2658:978-981-10-3220-2
2543:978-3-319-77616-3
2501:Phoenix New Media
2342:978-1-5017-0020-0
2270:. 23 October 2012
2022:"整个改革开放过程中都要反对腐败"
1850:Phoenix New Media
1632:Phoenix New Media
1552:978-981-281-134-9
1343:Deng visited the
1289:Four Asian Tigers
1006:Four Asian Tigers
880:
879:
766:COVID-19 pandemic
597:2002–2012: Hu era
534:Handover of Macau
417:Three Communiqués
360:UN representation
224:
223:
216:
215:
176:Standard Mandarin
134:
133:
94:Standard Mandarin
3242:
3147:
3146:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3029:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2982:"软禁中的谈话：听赵紫阳谈改革"
2977:
2971:
2970:
2964:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2916:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2714:. Archived from
2704:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2674:
2663:
2662:
2642:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2611:""坚决地试"中国股市发轫之端"
2607:
2598:
2597:
2557:
2548:
2547:
2527:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2460:
2451:
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2448:
2446:
2425:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2364:
2355:
2354:
2321:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2203:Wu, Guangxiang.
2200:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1986:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1948:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1913:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1840:
1829:
1828:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1776:. 21 August 2014
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1735:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1663:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1599:"鄧南巡講話20週年 官方低調"
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1536:
1387:Lantern Festival
1364:Chinese New Year
1224:
1223:
1201:Jiangsu Province
1193:Chinese New Year
1189:Jiangxi Province
1153:Wuchang District
1141:Premier of China
1124:Liberation Daily
1025:corruption issue
923:Paramount leader
916:
904:
892:
872:
865:
858:
846:China portal
844:
843:
842:
724:9th BRICS summit
654:Three Gorges Dam
242:
233:
226:
225:
212:
211:
191:
190:
167:
166:
153:
152:
130:
129:
109:
108:
85:
84:
79:
78:
65:
64:
45:Lianhuashan Park
37:
21:
20:
3250:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3225:Reform in China
3215:
3214:
3192:Wayback Machine
3155:
3153:Further reading
3150:
3127:10.2307/2645086
3108:
3104:
3094:
3092:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3068:
3066:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3046:
3030:
3026:
3016:
3014:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2991:
2989:
2978:
2974:
2962:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2938:
2917:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2863:
2849:
2845:
2838:
2820:
2816:
2809:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2775:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2752:
2750:
2735:
2731:
2721:
2719:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2691:
2689:
2688:on 20 July 2020
2676:
2675:
2666:
2659:
2643:
2636:
2626:
2624:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2558:
2551:
2544:
2528:
2521:
2511:
2509:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2479:
2477:
2462:
2461:
2454:
2444:
2442:
2441:on 10 July 2020
2427:
2426:
2387:
2377:
2375:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2343:
2322:
2315:
2305:
2303:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2273:
2271:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2247:
2245:
2242:Radio Free Asia
2235:
2234:
2230:
2220:
2218:
2201:
2192:
2182:
2180:
2169:
2165:
2155:
2153:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2129:
2127:
2125:Washington Post
2117:
2113:
2103:
2101:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2037:
2035:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1988:
1987:
1978:
1968:
1966:
1950:
1949:
1942:
1932:
1930:
1915:
1914:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1885:Washington Post
1877:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1841:
1832:
1809:10.2307/2645086
1793:
1789:
1779:
1777:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1751:
1738:Keck, Zachary.
1736:
1729:
1719:
1717:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1677:
1673:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1642:
1640:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1610:
1608:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1582:
1580:
1579:on 21 July 2020
1565:
1564:
1560:
1553:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1520:Story of Spring
1505:
1494:Golden Triangle
1469:
1406:
1404:Notable remarks
1398:Pudong New Area
1360:
1354:
1318:
1297:stock exchanges
1261:Guomao Building
1237:
1231:
1149:
1116:
1054:Members of the
1052:
1046:
1041:
1017:anti-corruption
969:as well as the
933:, including in
876:
840:
838:
781:
780:
704:APEC China 2014
679:
669:
668:
664:High-speed rail
599:
589:
588:
569:APEC China 2001
555:
499:
489:
488:
438:
390:Boluan Fanzheng
380:
370:
369:
321:
252:
229:
158:Literal meaning
51:
49:Shenzhen, China
17:
12:
11:
5:
3248:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3213:
3212:
3195:
3183:People's Daily
3175:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3121:(8): 739–756.
3111:Zhao, Suisheng
3102:
3091:. 14 July 2016
3076:
3051:
3044:
3024:
2999:
2972:
2951:
2936:
2908:
2893:(in Chinese).
2890:People's Daily
2876:
2861:
2843:
2836:
2814:
2807:
2785:
2760:
2729:
2718:on 4 June 2020
2699:
2664:
2657:
2634:
2623:on 2 June 2020
2616:People's Daily
2599:
2549:
2542:
2519:
2487:
2469:People's Daily
2452:
2434:People's Daily
2385:
2356:
2341:
2325:Ang, Yuen Yuen
2313:
2298:(in Chinese).
2295:People's Daily
2281:
2255:
2228:
2210:People's Daily
2190:
2163:
2137:
2111:
2077:
2059:People's Daily
2045:
2027:People's Daily
2013:
1995:People's Daily
1976:
1940:
1905:
1868:
1830:
1803:(8): 739–756.
1787:
1761:
1727:
1697:
1671:
1650:
1639:on 2 June 2020
1618:
1590:
1572:People's Daily
1558:
1551:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1516:
1511:
1509:Shenzhen speed
1504:
1501:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1405:
1402:
1353:
1350:
1317:
1314:
1293:capital market
1230:
1227:
1205:Anhui Province
1169:Hunan Province
1161:Hubei Province
1148:
1145:
1115:
1112:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
971:capital market
955:mainland China
931:southern China
878:
877:
875:
874:
867:
860:
852:
849:
848:
835:
834:
833:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
804:
803:
802:
801:
796:
791:
783:
782:
779:
778:
773:
768:
763:
762:
761:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
699:Supercomputing
696:
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686:
680:
675:
674:
671:
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519:1992 consensus
516:
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434:Beijing Spring
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199:
197:Yue: Cantonese
193:
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189:Jiǔ Èr Nán Xún
185:
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178:
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171:
170:Transcriptions
163:
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159:
155:
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136:
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132:
131:
124:
118:
117:
115:Yue: Cantonese
111:
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103:
97:
96:
90:
89:
88:Transcriptions
81:
80:
73:
67:
66:
59:
53:
52:
43:on top of the
39:The statue of
38:
30:
29:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3247:
3236:
3235:Deng Xiaoping
3233:
3231:
3230:1992 in China
3228:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3210:
3209:9781563245022
3206:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3172:9780674725867
3169:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3159:Ezra F. Vogel
3157:
3156:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3090:
3086:
3080:
3065:
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3047:
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3037:
3036:
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3013:
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2915:
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2896:
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2839:
2837:9783838219073
2833:
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2808:9780674271913
2804:
2800:
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2622:
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2507:
2503:
2502:
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2404:
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2301:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2269:
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2259:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2237:"Zhao Ziyang"
2232:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2178:
2174:
2167:
2151:
2147:
2141:
2126:
2122:
2119:Wang, Yuhua.
2115:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2081:
2065:
2061:
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2033:
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2017:
2001:
1997:
1996:
1991:
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1983:
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1961:
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1945:
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1707:
1701:
1686:
1682:
1675:
1667:
1660:
1654:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1627:"邓小平南巡讲话（全文）"
1622:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1594:
1578:
1574:
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1418:
1416:
1412:
1401:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1375:Huangpu River
1372:
1367:
1365:
1359:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1326:Yang Shangkun
1323:
1312:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
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1190:
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1170:
1166:
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1158:
1154:
1144:
1142:
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1134:
1130:
1127:newspaper in
1126:
1125:
1119:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1064:Deng Xiaoping
1061:
1057:
1051:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
982:Yang Shangkun
979:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
953:" program in
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
921:, the former
920:
919:Deng Xiaoping
912:
908:
905:), or simply
900:
896:
888:
884:
873:
868:
866:
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101:Hanyu Pinyin
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1330:Liu Huaqing
1203:as well as
1163:as well as
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1080:Jiang Zemin
1072:Zhao Ziyang
1021:rule of law
994:Jiang Zemin
986:Liu Huaqing
541:1998 floods
469:863 Program
350:Third Front
317:Canton Fair
3219:Categories
2946:1348572572
2871:1352001415
2826:. Ibidem.
1527:References
1485:Zhu Rongji
1383:Wu Bangguo
1356:See also:
1324:including
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1084:left-wing
1074:, former
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3188:Archived
3069:31 March
2895:Archived
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2327:(2016).
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1415:rightist
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1070:. After
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