729:, Article 16 was invoked for the first (and only) time. Proceedings were complicated by the fact that under the Covenant, neither the Council nor the Assembly was responsible for passing sanctions, making the measures voluntary by each state rather than obligatory. Therefore, there was no Council or Assembly resolution mandating sanctions. Instead, Article 15 was initially invoked again, treating the hostilities as a 'dispute', and a non-binding committee appointed by the Council to investigate the dispute (under Article 5) submitted a report explicitly stating that Italy had started a war in violation of the Covenant, and invoking Article 16. The Council then did not vote on the report, but all members other than Italy verbally stated that they agreed with it, and again referred the case to the Assembly. The Assembly then discussed sanctions, and 50 out of 54 members voluntarily agreed to apply them (Italy, Austria, Hungary, and Albania refused). The sanctions were weak and failed to stop the war, as member states were again reluctant to damage their own economies. Bank loans and arms were sanctioned, but oil and coal, viewed as necessary for Mussolini's war machine, were not.
609:
5152:
816:
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96:
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573:"serious objections" by other delegates had negated the majority vote, and the amendment was dismissed. Finally on 11 April 1919, the revised Hurst-Miller draft was approved, but without fully resolving certain questions as had been brought forth regarding matters such as national equality, racial equality, and how the new League might be able to practically enforce its various mandates.
4249:
632:, but also meant that no country should provide assistance to such rebels. It was also understood that if any member or non-member of the League was defeated while undertaking an aggressive war, the Covenant did not protect that defeated party against the consequence of a loss of territory and political independence (e.g., the Soviet Union's
783:"Communities formerly belonging to the Turkish Empire" were considered "to have reached a stage of development where their existence as independent nations could be provisionally recognized" and the Mandatory powers were charged with "rendering administrative advice and assistance until such time as they are able to stand alone".
791:
Mandatory, and other circumstances" to be "best administered under the laws of the
Mandatory as integral portions of its territory, subject to the safeguards above mentioned in the interests of the indigenous population". The reference to "geographical contiguity to the territory of the Mandatory" clearly related to
786:
Regarding "Other peoples, especially those of
Central Africa" the Mandatory powers were charged to "guarantee freedom of conscience and religion, subject only to the maintenance of public order and morals, the prohibition of abuses such as the slave trade, the arms traffic and the liquor traffic, and
572:
During a certain interval while Wilson was away, the question of international equality was raised once again. A vote on a motion supporting the "equality of nations and the just treatment of their nationals" was made, and was supported by 11 of the 19 delegates. Upon Wilson's return he declared that
717:
by the single negative vote of the Empire of Japan. Afterward, the League invoked
Article 15, treating the invasion as a 'dispute', and the Council referred the case to the Assembly. In a 35-page report, the Assembly voted 42–1 to recognize Manchuria as territory under Chinese sovereignty, with the
692:
Article 16 gave the members of the League the power to levy sanctions or use force against another member that committed a war of aggression. However, this article was very weak in practice, as the
Covenant had been written under the assumption that League members would be willing to cooperate with
755:
Article 16, in addition to sanctions, also gave specifically to the
Council the power to "recommend" military action against a member of the League that committed a war of aggression. Again there was no enforcement mechanism, the League had no peacekeepers of its own, and members were individually
771:
Article 22 referred to the creation of
Mandate territories, which were given over to be administered by European powers. Though most Mandates were given to countries such as Britain and France, which possessed considerable colonial empires, the Covenant made the clear distinction that a Mandate
775:
The
Covenant asserted that such territories were "inhabited by peoples not yet able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world" and so "the tutelage of such peoples should be entrusted to advanced nations who by reason of their resources, their experience or their
655:
in favor of ratification, but could not reach the necessary two-thirds majority.) For many
Republicans in the Senate, Article 10 was the most objectionable provision. Their objections were based on the fact that, by ratifying such a document, the United States would be bound by an international
576:
The new League would include a
General Assembly (representing all member states), an Executive Council (with membership limited to major powers), and a permanent secretariat. Member states were expected to "respect and preserve as against external aggression" the territorial integrity of other
790:
With regard to "Territories, such as South-West Africa and certain of the South
Pacific Islands", they were assumed "owing to the sparseness of their population, or their small size, or their remoteness from the centres of civilisation, or their geographical contiguity to the territory of the
556:
During the ensuing negotiations various major objections arose from various countries. France wanted the League to form an international army to enforce its decisions, but the British worried such an army would be dominated by the French, and the Americans could not agree as only
718:
negative vote of the Empire of Japan not counting under Article 15 rules, thus making the recognition unanimous. However, without Article 16, there was no way for the League to enforce this resolution, and the Empire of Japan withdrew from the League a month later.
752:. Article 17 made it theoretically possible to apply the sanctions of Article 16 against non-members of the League, but no member made any serious attempt to do this, instead preparing their militaries for the now-inevitable start of World War II in Europe.
4774:
787:
the prevention of the establishment of fortifications or military and naval bases and of military training of the natives for other than police purposes and the defence of territory", and no mention was made of any eventual independence.
5060:
4284:
4858:
4609:
4604:
4646:
1165:
Kunz, Josef L., and Manley O. Hudson. “THE COVENANT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS AND NEUTRALITY.” Proceedings of the American Society of International Law at Its Annual Meeting (1921-1969), vol. 29, 1935, pp. 36–45. JSTOR,
683:
was free to interpret or reject even a unanimous vote of the League Council invoking Article 10. He went on to say that Article 10 "is a moral, not a legal, obligation...it is binding in conscience only, not in law."
2069:
712:
to invoke Article 16, despite calls to do so from the small powers. The League's Council did attempt to pass a resolution (outside of Article 16) stating that the Empire of Japan must withdraw, but it was
2166:
1152:
Chang, David Wen-wei. “The Western Powers and Japan’s Aggression in China: The League of Nations and ‘The Lytton Report.’” American Journal of Chinese Studies, vol. 10, no. 1, 2003, pp. 43–63. JSTOR,
4651:
1093:
Zimmern, Alfred. “The League’s Handling of the Italo-Abyssinian Dispute.” International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1931-1939), vol. 14, no. 6, 1935, pp. 751–68. JSTOR,
549:(Serbia). Further representatives of Czechoslovakia, Greece, Poland and Romania were later added. The group considered a preliminary draft co-written by Hurst and President Wilson's adviser
4621:
505:
in 1919, a commission was appointed to agree on a covenant. Members included Woodrow Wilson (as chair), Colonel House (representing the U.S.), Robert Cecil and Jan Smuts (British Empire),
4671:
1179:
Hudson, Manley O. “The Report of the Assembly of the League of Nations on the Sino-Japanese Dispute.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 27, no. 2, 1933, pp. 300–05. JSTOR,
4631:
2282:
4274:
2612:
1573:
553:. During the first four months of 1919 the group met on ten separate occasions, attempting to negotiate the exact terms of the foundational Covenant agreement for the future League.
4930:
3936:
4212:
834:
4328:
3916:
5496:
1014:
The Constitution at the Crossroads: a Study of the Legal Aspects of the League of Nations, the Permanent Organization of Labor and the Permanent Court of International Justice
3390:
628:
and existing political independence of all Members of the League". It was noted that a League of Nations member was not bound to assist a fellow member in combating internal
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2194:
5241:
4746:
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suggested that an official committee be set up to draft a covenant for a future league. The British committee was finally appointed in February 1918; it was led by
4318:
4254:
4207:
3971:
596:
The treaty entered into force on 10 January 1920. Articles 4, 6, 12, 13, and 15 were amended in 1924. The treaty shares similar provisions and structures with the
390:
5216:
4656:
4472:
2204:
1344:
1223:
Spencer, John H. “The Italian-Ethiopian Dispute and the League of Nations.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 31, no. 4, 1937, pp. 614–41. JSTOR,
664:
from Connecticut led the fight in the U.S. Senate against ratification, believing that it was best not to become involved in international conflicts. Under the
647:
U.S. President Woodrow Wilson had secured his proposal to apply to become part of the League of Nations in the final draft of the Treaty of Versailles, but the
4955:
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3438:
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4719:
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3862:
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2503:
2210:
1192:“League of Nations Assembly Report on the Sino-Japanese Dispute.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 27, no. 3, 1933, pp. 119–53. JSTOR,
5211:
5081:
4224:
3941:
490:. At least one of Wilson's drafts was reportedly based on a proposal to establish a "league of nations" that was written by American peace activist
5481:
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5346:
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was not impressed with the Phillimore Committee's report, and would eventually produce three draft covenants of his own with help from his friend
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4259:
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3749:
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1638:
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697:, the great powers were reluctant to further damage their own economies by sanctioning another great power, and the policy used was largely
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2003:
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383:
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99:
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2714:
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3548:
3213:
2513:
2508:
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1414:
1275:
BECK, PETER J. “The League of Nations and the Great Powers, 1936-1940.” World Affairs, vol. 157, no. 4, 1995, pp. 175–89. JSTOR,
569:
clause. This was deeply opposed, particularly by American political sentiment, while Wilson himself simply ignored the question.
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Article 10 of the Covenant of the League of Nations obliged members of the League "to respect and preserve as against external
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In a statement by President Wilson to the Senate, he described Article 10 as advisory in nature, and that Congress under the
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had been created, consisting of great powers that had quit the League. This left the League powerless against the
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668:, the President of the United States may not ratify a treaty unless the Senate, by a two-thirds vote, gives its
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38:
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Finally, Article 16 gave the League the power to expel Covenant-breaking members. This was only used once
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581:"to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety". All states were required to submit complaints for
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geographical position can best undertake this responsibility" as "a sacred trust of civilization".
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191:
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1982:
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2109:
1976:
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1846:
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909:
Pact Originator Is Salt Lake Visitor: Woman Who Suggested League of Nations Up for Nobel Prize
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1941:
1783:
1424:
950:
625:
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951:
League of Nations Covenant and United Nations Charter: A Side-by-Side (Full Text) Comparison
5127:
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4018:
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3131:
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3103:
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2720:
2336:
2104:
2087:
2029:
1918:
1406:
884:
648:
495:
416:
179:
4859:
International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World
1870:
1313:
1115:"International Organization and World Peace--A Critique of the League of Nations Covenant"
756:
responsible for supplying any military forces. This part of Article 16 was never invoked.
8:
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3098:
3025:
2831:
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2017:
1935:
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1988:
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1970:
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927:
Commission de la Société des Nations, Procès-verbal N° 1, Séance du 3 février 1919
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2786:
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1852:
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1765:
1726:
957:
821:
487:
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1238:"1935 Sanctions Against Italy: Would Coal and Crude Oil have made a Difference?"
419:, and became effective together with the rest of the Treaty on 10 January 1920.
3629:
2422:
2297:
2114:
2081:
2070:
Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Austria-Hungary and Japan
1753:
538:
522:
483:
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3086:
2743:
1885:
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could declare war. Japan requested that a clause upholding the principle of
451:
in New York City—had their own plan. This plan was largely supported by the
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3894:
3478:
3108:
2595:
1456:
839:
800:
641:
491:
427:
Early drafts for a possible League of Nations began even before the end of
1069:"Testimony of Woodrow Wilson, Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, 1919"
5122:
4936:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Mandela Rules)
3203:
2950:
2672:
2636:
2375:
2049:
1568:
1207:"Four Reasons Why the United Nations Has Survived for Seventy-Five Years"
961:
733:
709:
698:
582:
578:
562:
530:
479:
432:
428:
362:
122:
815:
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1439:
1429:
1276:
1167:
1153:
1041:
Hewes, James E. (1970). "Henry Cabot Lodge and the League of Nations".
974:
633:
597:
471:
206:
196:
103:
1616:
1054:
975:"Interpretation of Article X of the Covenant of the League of Nations"
2825:
2253:
741:
629:
439:, founded in 1915. Another group in the United States—which included
990:
4013:
4001:
651:
failed to consent to the ratification of the Treaty. (It had voted
1292:
1224:
1193:
1180:
1094:
656:
contract to defend a League of Nations member if it was attacked.
4931:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice
3598:
2391:
1656:
796:
470:(and became known as the Phillimore Committee) but also included
408:
1317:
835:
General Act for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes
4078:
3996:
3966:
3931:
2354:
3976:
3454:
1314:
Primary Documents: Covenant of the League of Nations, 1919–24
779:
Mandate territories were sorted into several sub-categories:
2222:
714:
589:
before going to war. The Executive Council would create a
3339:
Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs
1119:
University of Minnesota Law School Scholarship Repository
1352:
5497:
Treaties establishing intergovernmental organizations
672:. The primary intent of Article 10 was to preserve a
4889:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
4839:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
3439:
Woodrow Wilson and the Birth of the American Century
881:
The League of Nations: Its life and times, 1920–1946
811:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
4946:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
915:, 20 September 1920, p. 3 (subscription required).
5082:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights
1043:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
676:by preventing one country from invading another.
415:. It was signed on 28 June 1919 as Part I of the
5168:
3325:Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
1100:
5056:World Federation of United Nations Associations
4551:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
5487:Treaties of the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)
3396:United States one-hundred-thousand-dollar bill
2195:Treaties of the Kingdom of Hungary (1922–1946)
5242:Treaties of the Republic of China (1912–1949)
3614:
3386:Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation
2407:
2238:
1632:
1338:
1259:"League of Nations - Fourth period (1936-45)"
1130:
1128:
565:should be inserted, parallel to the existing
384:
5287:Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
4951:Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
1136:"League of Nations - Third period (1931–36)"
3074:U.S. Federal Board for Vocational Education
2939:National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
2205:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic
1598:The Signing of Peace in the Hall of Mirrors
874:
872:
870:
868:
866:
864:
862:
860:
5217:Treaties of the United Kingdom (1801–1922)
5044:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action
4956:UN Advisory Committee of Local Authorities
3621:
3607:
2414:
2400:
2245:
2231:
1639:
1625:
1345:
1331:
1125:
612:Cartoon showing Senators Lodge, Borah and
391:
377:
5382:Treaties of the Portuguese First Republic
3048:United States Grain Standards Act of 1916
2211:Treaties of the Third Republic of Hungary
1089:
1087:
1085:
979:The American Journal of International Law
878:
5212:Treaties of the First Brazilian Republic
4473:Conference on International Organization
3355:Celestial Sphere Woodrow Wilson Memorial
1605:To the Unknown British Soldier in France
1011:
857:
607:
591:Permanent Court of International Justice
5482:Treaties of the Principality of Albania
5407:Treaties of the First Austrian Republic
5347:Treaties of Spain under the Restoration
4388:Office international d'hygiène publique
3549:Jefferson Literary and Debating Society
2514:Louis Brandeis Supreme Court nomination
1646:
5467:Treaties of the Kingdom of Afghanistan
5332:Treaties of the Second Polish Republic
5169:
4183:Spokesperson for the Secretary-General
3268:1910 New Jersey gubernatorial election
2678:American Commission to Negotiate Peace
2371:Statue of Jan Smuts, Parliament Square
2319:Preamble to the United Nations Charter
1591:A Peace Conference at the Quai d'Orsay
1559:American Commission to Negotiate Peace
1462:Possible cause of the Second World War
1082:
435:made proposals adopted by the British
353:American Commission to Negotiate Peace
5372:Treaties of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
5272:Treaties of the French Third Republic
5232:Treaties of the Union of South Africa
5097:UN television film series (1964–1966)
4849:International Narcotics Control Board
4780:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
4568:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants
4539:Convention on the Rights of the Child
4517:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
3602:
3081:United States Railroad Administration
2395:
2226:
1687:Personal union of Hungary and Croatia
1620:
1326:
1305:The Covenant of the League of Nations
1040:
972:
738:Japanese full-scale invasion of China
4921:United Nations Postal Administration
4556:Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
4275:Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
2899:Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914
2613:Occupation of the Dominican Republic
2132:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Ukraine
1277:http://www.jstor.org/stable/20672433
1168:http://www.jstor.org/stable/25656909
1154:http://www.jstor.org/stable/44288722
593:to make judgements on the disputes.
5387:Treaties of the Kingdom of Bulgaria
5187:Treaties entered into force in 1920
4324:Permanent representatives to the UN
4213:Political and Peacebuilding Affairs
3283:1916 Democratic National Convention
3273:1912 Democratic National Convention
3177:Birthplace and Presidential Library
2972:Federal Employees' Compensation Act
2819:Board of Mediation and Conciliation
2059:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
1245:Nuffield College, Oxford University
746:German occupation of Czechoslovakia
723:invasion and occupation of Ethiopia
494:. Further suggestions were made by
13:
5502:Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)
5437:Treaties of the Dominican Republic
5337:Treaties of the Kingdom of Romania
5133:Withdrawal from the United Nations
4319:Security Council Permanent members
3628:
3002:Fraudulent Advertising Act of 1916
2893:Emergency Internal Revenue Tax Act
2421:
2173:U.S.–Hungarian Peace Treaty (1921)
1354:Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)
918:
405:Covenant of the League of Nations
14:
5518:
5118:United Nations in popular culture
4802:Expulsion from the United Nations
4747:General Assembly President (2016)
3058:Wildlife Game Refuges Act of 1916
3013:National Park Service Organic Act
2911:Glacier National Park Act of 1914
2710:Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918
2458:President of Princeton University
2313:Covenant of the League of Nations
2178:Covenant of the League of Nations
1370:Covenant of the League of Nations
1298:Covenant of the League of Nations
1286:
140:Covenant of the League of Nations
100:Covenant of the League of Nations
22:Covenant of the League of Nations
5477:Treaties of the Kingdom of Egypt
5432:Treaties of the Ethiopian Empire
5427:Treaties of the Irish Free State
5150:
3583:
3582:
3104:Acadia National Park Act of 1919
2296:
1960:Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748)
1291:
814:
455:, an organization led by former
121:
94:
5457:Treaties of the Kingdom of Iraq
5442:Treaties of the Weimar Republic
5292:Treaties of the Empire of Japan
4706:International Court of Justice
4255:Sport for Development and Peace
3288:1916 U.S. presidential election
3278:1912 U.S. presidential election
3204:Summer White House (Harlakenden
2658:Committee on Public Information
2619:Army Appropriations Act of 1916
2548:State of the Union Address 1913
1772:Peace Treaty of Wiener Neustadt
1511:Partition of the Ottoman Empire
1483:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
1435:Hague conference on reparations
1269:
1251:
1230:
1225:https://doi.org/10.2307/2190673
1217:
1199:
1194:https://doi.org/10.2307/2213489
1186:
1181:https://doi.org/10.2307/2189554
1173:
1159:
1146:
1095:https://doi.org/10.2307/2601908
308:Partition of the Ottoman Empire
247:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
241:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
202:Hague conference on reparations
4383:Permanent Court of Arbitration
4378:International Peace Conference
3745:International Court of Justice
3199:Princeton University president
3194:Boyhood home in South Carolina
2438:President of the United States
1564:Commission of Responsibilities
1467:International Opium Convention
1061:
1034:
1005:
966:
944:
901:
708:, there was no attempt by the
706:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
358:Commission of Responsibilities
229:International Opium Convention
224:Possible cause of World War II
1:
5377:Treaties of the Qajar dynasty
4916:Sustainable Development Goals
4443:Declaration by United Nations
4368:International Telegraph Union
3487:(daughter, acting first lady)
3431:Backstairs at the White House
3349:Woodrow Wilson Junior College
3109:Grand Canyon Park Act of 1919
2916:Legislative Reference Service
2877:Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914
2700:Selective Service Act of 1917
2683:Armistice of 11 November 1918
2252:
2064:Croatian–Hungarian Settlement
850:
830:Charter of the United Nations
766:
687:
638:northern part of East Prussia
603:
5462:Treaties of the Soviet Union
4844:International Criminal Court
4280:UN organizations by location
3031:Rural Post Roads Act of 1916
2967:Federal Aid Road Act of 1916
2076:League of the Three Emperors
2004:Principality of Transylvania
1693:Hungarian–Byzantine Treaties
1012:Harriman, Edward A. (1925).
772:territory was not a colony.
7:
5302:Treaties of the Netherlands
4978:Security Council veto power
4285:Sexual Violence in Conflict
4208:Economic and Social Affairs
3779:Economic and Social Council
3241:When a Man Comes to Himself
3157:Mineral Leasing Act of 1920
3152:Merchant Marine Act of 1920
3042:Stock-Raising Homestead Act
2726:Wartime Measure Act of 1918
2624:Council of National Defense
2094:Budapest Convention of 1877
1909:Treaty of Adrianople (1568)
1748:Hungarian–Neapolitan Treaty
1742:Hungarian–Lithuanian Treaty
1533:Turkish War of Independence
1516:Conference of London (1920)
1488:Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine
1390:Little Treaty of Versailles
973:Scott, James Brown (1924).
807:
750:Italian invasion of Albania
422:
330:Turkish War of Independence
313:Conference of London (1920)
265:Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine
259:Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine
160:Little Treaty of Versailles
10:
5523:
5257:Treaties of Czechoslovakia
5182:Treaties concluded in 1919
5177:League of Nations treaties
5029:UN Memorial Cemetery Korea
4854:International Day of Peace
4336:General Assembly Observers
3659:General Assembly President
2962:Cotton Futures Act of 1916
2957:Brush Disposal Act of 1916
2882:Cotton Futures Act of 1914
2795:Federal racial segregation
2273:The South African Republic
2200:Paris Peace Treaties, 1947
2144:Treaty of Bucharest (1918)
1904:Truce of Adrianople (1547)
1725:1302–1526 (Middle ages to
799:) being made a Mandate of
666:United States Constitution
521:(Italy), Foreign Minister
16:League of Nations' charter
5492:Treaties of British India
5146:
5069:
4760:
4682:
4585:
4573:World Heritage Convention
4482:
4461:Dumbarton Oaks Conference
4423:
4360:
4351:
4297:
4171:General Assembly Building
4144:
4027:
3799:
3698:
3680:
3671:
3636:
3562:
3536:
3465:
3404:
3320:Woodrow Wilson Foundation
3296:
3258:
3227:
3169:
3120:Wheat Price Guarantee Act
3063:Flood Control Act of 1917
2933:Locomotive Inspection Act
2785:
2586:
2541:Woman Suffrage Procession
2468:
2429:
2363:
2347:
2328:
2305:
2294:
2260:
2187:
2149:Armistice of Villa Giusti
2043:
2013:
1998:
1965:First Partition of Poland
1899:
1880:
1841:Franco-Hungarian alliance
1816:
1724:
1675:
1666:Legend of the white horse
1654:
1582:
1546:
1528:Turkish National Movement
1501:
1475:
1405:
1360:
911:." Salt Lake City, Utah:
879:Northedge, F. S. (1986).
803:, rather than of Britain.
513:(France), Prime Minister
462:. In December 1916, Lord
437:League of Nations Society
325:Turkish National Movement
93:
88:
78:
73:League of Nations members
68:
60:
52:
44:
34:
26:
4879:Military Staff Committee
4218:Dag Hammarskjöld Library
3721:Deputy Secretary-General
3650:Deputy Secretary-General
3475:(wife, 1885–1914, death)
3235:Congressional Government
3145:Federal Power Commission
2904:Federal Trade Commission
2737:Racial Equality Proposal
2715:National War Labor Board
1807:First Congress of Vienna
1279:. Accessed 28 July 2024.
1227:. Accessed 28 July 2024.
1196:. Accessed 28 July 2024.
1183:. Accessed 28 July 2024.
1170:. Accessed 28 July 2024.
1156:. Accessed 28 July 2024.
1097:. Accessed 28 July 2024.
761:against the Soviet Union
640:from Nazi Germany after
547:Milenko Radomar Vesnitch
5357:Treaties of Switzerland
5267:Treaties of El Salvador
5050:Woodrow Wilson Memorial
5012:UN International School
5007:UN Federal Credit Union
4988:Security Council reform
4824:Four Nations Initiative
4752:Security Council (2016)
4595:Security Council vetoes
3726:Under-Secretary-General
3554:Woodrow Wilson and race
3375:Woodrow Wilson Monument
3189:Boyhood home in Georgia
3094:War Revenue Act of 1917
2989:Federal Farm Loan Board
2922:Smith–Lever Act of 1914
2844:Rivers and Harbors Acts
2705:Immigration Act of 1918
2695:Immigration Act of 1917
2631:Philippine Autonomy Act
2138:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
2121:Treaty of London (1913)
2100:Treaty of Berlin (1878)
1914:Treaty of Vienna (1606)
1859:Confessio Pentapolitana
1655:9–10th century (age of
956:23 October 2008 at the
660:from Massachusetts and
453:League to Enforce Peace
5402:Treaties of Luxembourg
5392:Treaties of Costa Rica
5000:Security Council mural
4966:Millennium Declaration
4911:SDG Publishers Compact
4373:Universal Postal Union
3182:papers and manuscripts
2927:War Risk Insurance Act
2731:Paris Peace Conference
2526:1919 Nobel Peace Prize
2509:Supreme Court nominees
2449:Governor of New Jersey
2161:Armistice with Romania
2110:Triple Alliance (1882)
1977:Treaty of Campo Formio
1211:The Century Foundation
913:The Salt Lake Telegram
617:
503:Paris Peace Conference
115:Paris Peace Conference
39:Paris Peace Conference
5422:Treaties of Lithuania
5367:Treaties of Venezuela
5307:Treaties of Nicaragua
5222:Treaties of Australia
5197:Treaties of Argentina
5138:Women in peacekeeping
4797:Drug control treaties
3568:← William Howard Taft
3509:Joseph Ruggles Wilson
3497:Eleanor Wilson McAdoo
3381:Woodrow Wilson Bridge
3315:Woodrow Wilson Awards
3053:Warehouse Act of 1916
3019:National Park Service
2978:Federal Farm Loan Act
2945:Occupancy Permits Act
2690:Espionage Act of 1917
2601:Bryan–Chamorro Treaty
2504:Judicial appointments
2321:(initiated, co-wrote)
1942:Treaty of Passarowitz
1784:Treaty of Brno (1478)
1425:Reparation Commission
727:Italy under Mussolini
693:each other. Amid the
626:territorial integrity
611:
5342:Treaties of Thailand
5322:Treaties of Paraguay
5282:Treaties of Honduras
5247:Treaties of Colombia
5092:United Nations Radio
5087:United Nations Medal
5039:University for Peace
4770:Bretton Woods system
4505:governed territories
4250:Developing Countries
4161:Secretariat Building
4030:Specialized agencies
3479:Edith Bolling Wilson
3331:The Wilson Quarterly
3214:Woodrow Wilson House
3132:Railroad Labor Board
2750:Treaty of Versailles
2721:Sedition Act of 1918
2337:Holism and Evolution
2167:Bill of dethronement
2126:Armistice of Focșani
2105:Dual Alliance (1879)
2088:Reichstadt Agreement
1983:Treaty of Schönbrunn
1919:Peace of Zsitvatorok
1574:List of participants
1407:Treaty of Versailles
1076:United States Senate
885:Leicester University
649:United States Senate
496:Jan Christiaan Smuts
417:Treaty of Versailles
180:Treaty of Versailles
5472:Treaties of Ecuador
5412:Treaties of Estonia
5397:Treaties of Finland
5362:Treaties of Uruguay
5297:Treaties of Liberia
5262:Treaties of Denmark
5207:Treaties of Bolivia
5202:Treaties of Belgium
4864:International Years
4829:Genocide Convention
4265:Outer Space Affairs
4260:Disarmament Affairs
4225:Safety and Security
4166:Conference Building
4146:Secretariat offices
3791:Trusteeship Council
3575:Warren G. Harding →
3523:(cousin, secretary)
3521:Helen Woodrow Bones
3491:Jessie Wilson Sayre
3423:Profiles in Courage
3391:U.S. Postage stamps
3099:Revenue Act of 1918
3026:Revenue Act of 1916
2832:Revenue Act of 1913
2800:Federal Reserve Act
2607:Occupation of Haiti
2283:A British Transvaal
2024:Treaty of Pressburg
2018:Peace of Nikolsburg
1936:Treaty of Karlowitz
1847:Treaty of Nagyvárad
1801:Treaty of Pressburg
1715:Treaty of Pressburg
1648:Treaties of Hungary
1521:San Remo conference
1476:Subsequent treaties
1445:Lausanne Conference
1309:Yale Avalon Project
732:By this point, the
551:David Hunter Miller
460:William Howard Taft
449:Century Association
431:. The London-based
318:San Remo conference
212:Lausanne Conference
23:
5452:Treaties of Turkey
5447:Treaties of Mexico
5417:Treaties of Latvia
5352:Treaties of Sweden
5317:Treaties of Panama
5312:Treaties of Norway
5227:Treaties of Canada
4884:Official languages
4431:London Declaration
4240:Internal Oversight
4230:Palestinian Rights
3802:Funds, programmes,
3473:Ellen Axson Wilson
3442:(2002 documentary)
2984:Farm Credit System
2887:Cutter Service Act
2837:Federal income tax
2813:Newlands Labor Act
2188:Modern age (1922–)
2030:Treaty of Nymwegen
1989:Congress of Vienna
1954:Treaty of Belgrade
1948:Pragmatic Sanction
1931:Holy League (1684)
1822:Ottoman vassalship
1789:Treaty of Piotrków
1538:Treaty of Lausanne
1415:"War guilt" clause
1020:. pp. 144–5.
670:advice and consent
662:Frank B. Brandegee
618:
567:religious equality
543:Jayme Batalha Reis
511:Ferdinand Larnaude
498:in December 1918.
445:William B. Howland
335:Treaty of Lausanne
187:"War Guilt" clause
21:
5277:Treaties of Haiti
5237:Treaties of Chile
5192:League of Nations
5164:
5163:
4995:UN Art Collection
4971:Millennium Summit
4926:UN Block By Block
4906:Ralph Bunche Park
4874:UN laissez-passer
4834:UN Global Compact
4791:Delivering as One
4690:Secretary-General
4581:
4580:
4561:Indigenous Caucus
4455:Tehran Conference
4449:Moscow Conference
4424:Preparatory years
4393:League of Nations
4293:
4292:
4193:Palace of Nations
3895:UNEP/GRID-Arendal
3711:Secretary-General
3654:Amina J. Mohammed
3641:Secretary-General
3596:
3595:
3503:Francis Sayre Jr.
3481:(wife, 1915–1924)
3434:(1979 miniseries)
3165:
3164:
3139:Federal Power Act
2776:Wilsonian Armenia
2763:League of Nations
2494:1917 inauguration
2489:1913 inauguration
2389:
2388:
2220:
2219:
2155:Treaty of Trianon
2039:
2038:
1971:Treaty of Sistova
1871:Treaty of Szatmár
1760:Treaty of Lubowla
1704:Concordat of 1169
1699:Concordat of 1161
1614:
1613:
1493:Treaty of Trianon
1385:Minority Treaties
1362:League of Nations
1318:FirstWorldWar.com
1296:Works related to
933:, 3 February 1919
793:South West Africa
681:War Powers Clause
658:Henry Cabot Lodge
519:Vittorio Scialoja
482:. U.S. President
468:Walter Phillimore
413:League of Nations
401:
400:
283:Treaty of Trianon
277:Treaty of Trianon
155:Minority Treaties
133:League of Nations
109:
108:
83:League of Nations
5514:
5327:Treaties of Peru
5252:Treaties of Cuba
5157:World portal
5155:
5154:
5061:Biopiracy treaty
4647:Nagorno-Karabakh
4617:Security Council
4600:General Assembly
4527:Human Rights Day
4467:Yalta Conference
4437:Atlantic Charter
4358:
4357:
4314:Founding members
4235:Peace Operations
4119:World Bank Group
3813:Culture of Peace
3804:and other bodies
3757:Security Council
3733:General Assembly
3699:Principal organs
3678:
3677:
3645:António Guterres
3623:
3616:
3609:
3600:
3599:
3586:
3585:
3126:Esch–Cummins Act
3068:Smith–Hughes Act
3007:Keating–Owen Act
2584:
2583:
2536:Silent Sentinels
2461:
2452:
2441:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2393:
2392:
2381:Jan Smuts Avenue
2300:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2224:
2223:
1878:
1877:
1865:Treaty of Speyer
1795:Peace of Olomouc
1641:
1634:
1627:
1618:
1617:
1503:Treaty of Sèvres
1347:
1340:
1333:
1324:
1323:
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940:
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932:
922:
916:
905:
899:
898:
876:
824:
819:
818:
695:Great Depression
674:balance of power
654:
587:judicial inquiry
577:members, and to
545:(Portugal), and
515:Vittorio Orlando
393:
386:
379:
301:Treaty of Sèvres
288:Millerand letter
219:Locarno Treaties
125:
111:
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98:
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24:
20:
5522:
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4361:Preceding years
4347:
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4289:
4148:and departments
4147:
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4032:
4023:
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3795:
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3544:Progressive Era
3532:
3485:Margaret Wilson
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3298:
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2806:Federal Reserve
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2668:Fourteen Points
2663:Four Minute Men
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2045:Austria-Hungary
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2009:
1994:
1925:Peace of Vasvár
1895:
1876:
1853:Treaty of Gyalu
1833:
1831:Napoleonic Wars
1825:
1812:
1778:Treaty of Ófalu
1766:Peace of Szeged
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1018:George H. Doran
1010:
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991:10.2307/2189227
971:
967:
958:Wayback Machine
949:
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822:Politics portal
820:
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535:Epitácio Pessoa
476:William Tyrrell
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4697:
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4667:Western Sahara
4664:
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4364:
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4349:
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4341:European Union
4333:
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4321:
4316:
4311:
4305:
4303:
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4178:Envoy on Youth
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3527:William McAdoo
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3500:
3494:
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3458:(2022 musical)
3451:
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3408:
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3362:Woodrow Wilson
3358:
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2588:Foreign policy
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2531:19th Amendment
2528:
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2499:Roosevelt desk
2496:
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2423:Woodrow Wilson
2419:
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2115:Boxer Protocol
2112:
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2102:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2082:Treaty of Bern
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2053:
2048:to the end of
2041:
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2036:
2034:
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1999:
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1300:at Wikisource
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1287:External links
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507:Léon Bourgeois
484:Woodrow Wilson
457:U.S. President
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4941:Treaty Series
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4301:and observers
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4245:Legal Affairs
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3810:
3808:
3805:
3798:
3792:
3789:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3777:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3755:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3743:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3731:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3631:
3624:
3619:
3617:
3612:
3610:
3605:
3604:
3601:
3589:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3561:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3517:(grandfather)
3516:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3457:
3456:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3426:(1965 series)
3425:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3403:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3369:Wilson Square
3367:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3295:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3168:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3087:USRA standard
3084:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2744:Pueblo speech
2742:
2738:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2471:
2467:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2424:
2417:
2412:
2410:
2405:
2403:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2299:
2289:
2288:The Old Boers
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2248:
2243:
2241:
2236:
2234:
2229:
2228:
2225:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2046:
2042:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1891:
1887:
1886:Royal Hungary
1883:
1882:
1879:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1723:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1709:Oath of Bereg
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1678:Árpád dynasty
1674:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1630:
1628:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1294:
1278:
1272:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1246:
1239:
1233:
1226:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1202:
1195:
1189:
1182:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1149:
1141:
1137:
1131:
1129:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1096:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1077:
1070:
1064:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1029:
1027:1-5847-7314-6
1023:
1019:
1015:
1008:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
969:
963:
959:
955:
952:
947:
929:
928:
921:
914:
910:
904:
896:
894:0-7185-1194-8
890:
886:
882:
875:
873:
871:
869:
867:
865:
863:
861:
856:
846:
845:Treaty series
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
827:
823:
817:
812:
802:
798:
794:
789:
785:
782:
781:
780:
777:
773:
764:
762:
757:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
730:
728:
724:
719:
716:
711:
707:
702:
700:
696:
685:
682:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
650:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
630:secessionists
627:
623:
615:
614:Hiram Johnson
610:
601:
599:
594:
592:
588:
584:
580:
574:
570:
568:
564:
560:
554:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
527:Chinda Sutemi
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
497:
493:
489:
488:Colonel House
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
441:Hamilton Holt
438:
434:
430:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
394:
389:
387:
382:
380:
375:
374:
372:
371:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
350:
344:
343:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
319:
316:
314:
311:
310:
309:
306:
305:
302:
297:
296:
289:
286:
284:
281:
280:
274:
273:
266:
263:
262:
256:
255:
248:
245:
244:
238:
237:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
194:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
181:
176:
175:
168:
165:
161:
158:
157:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
137:
134:
129:
128:
124:
120:
119:
116:
113:
112:
105:
101:
92:
87:
84:
81:
77:
74:
71:
67:
63:
59:
56:18 April 1946
55:
51:
47:
43:
40:
37:
33:
29:
25:
19:
5148:
5110:
5102:
5048:
4894:Peacekeeping
4869:Interpreters
4789:
4490:Peacekeeping
4408:organization
4402:
4309:Full members
4270:Partnerships
4156:Headquarters
3878:peacekeeping
3573:
3566:
3529:(son-in-law)
3515:James Wilson
3453:
3446:
3437:
3429:
3422:
3414:
3360:
3353:
3344:High schools
3329:
3310:Bibliography
3247:
3240:
3234:
3209:Shadow Lawn)
2768:
2596:Wilsonianism
2335:
2312:
2278:The Boer War
2177:
1890:Independence
1727:Tripartition
1603:
1596:
1589:
1457:Stresa Front
1380:Organisation
1369:
1290:
1271:
1262:
1253:
1244:
1232:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1188:
1175:
1161:
1148:
1139:
1118:
1075:
1063:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1016:. New York:
1013:
1007:
982:
978:
968:
946:
935:, retrieved
926:
920:
912:
903:
880:
840:Peace treaty
801:South Africa
778:
774:
770:
758:
754:
731:
720:
710:great powers
703:
691:
678:
646:
642:World War II
619:
595:
575:
571:
555:
500:
492:Mary Shapard
464:Robert Cecil
426:
404:
402:
150:Organisation
139:
64:31 July 1947
30:28 June 1919
18:
5123:UNICEF club
4817:Honour Flag
4652:North Korea
4587:Resolutions
4534:Enlargement
3706:Secretariat
3450:(2013 book)
3418:(1944 film)
2951:Adamson Act
2787:New Freedom
2735:1919–1920;
2673:The Inquiry
2641:1917–1918;
2637:World War I
2615:(1916–1924)
2609:(1915–1934)
2460:(1902–1910)
2451:(1911–1913)
2440:(1913–1921)
2376:Mount Smuts
2340:(1926 book)
2052:(1848–1922)
2050:World War I
1834:(1526–1848)
1695:(1153–1167)
1676:1000–1301 (
1569:The Inquiry
1420:Reparations
962:Walter Dorn
734:Axis powers
721:During the
704:During the
699:appeasement
583:arbitration
533:(Belgium),
531:Paul Hymans
480:Cecil Hurst
433:Bryce Group
429:World War I
363:The Inquiry
192:Reparations
5171:Categories
5111:Ex Tempore
5103:UN Special
5024:UN Mandate
4483:Activities
4089:UN Tourism
3912:UN-HABITAT
3890:OzonAction
3715:selections
3505:(grandson)
3499:(daughter)
3493:(daughter)
3114:Red Summer
2871:Sabath Act
2653:home front
2484:Transition
2470:Presidency
2315:(co-wrote)
2268:Early life
1827:reconquest
1818:Dual reign
1440:Young Plan
1430:Dawes Plan
1263:Britannica
1140:Britannica
851:References
767:Article 22
748:, and the
688:Article 16
634:annexation
622:aggression
604:Article 10
598:UN Charter
537:(Brazil),
472:Eyre Crowe
207:Young Plan
197:Dawes Plan
104:Wikisource
79:Depositary
53:Expiration
5507:Jan Smuts
4983:UN reform
4785:Criticism
4683:Elections
4657:Palestine
4544:committee
3952:UN-Oceans
3900:UNEP-WCMC
3784:President
3772:President
3762:Elections
3738:President
3673:UN System
3301:memorials
3260:Elections
3219:Gravesite
3036:Smith Act
2826:Raker Act
2648:campaigns
2254:Jan Smuts
2207:(1949–89)
1583:Paintings
1307:from the
999:0002-9300
937:5 January
742:Anschluss
541:(China),
529:(Japan),
89:Full text
45:Effective
5128:Model UN
5113:magazine
5105:magazine
5034:UN Sacco
4522:drafting
4500:timeline
4495:missions
4398:archives
4014:UN Women
4002:UNU-CRIS
3853:UNCITRAL
3690:Preamble
3588:Category
3511:(father)
3377:(Prague)
3371:(Warsaw)
2996:Flag Day
2756:Big Four
2475:timeline
2348:Concepts
1554:Big Four
1397:Mandates
954:Archived
808:See also
559:Congress
423:Creation
407:was the
167:Mandates
35:Location
5077:Outline
4762:Related
4642:Lebanon
4413:members
4403:charter
4353:History
4299:Members
4198:Nairobi
3833:MINURSO
3767:Members
3750:Statute
3682:Charter
3537:Related
3407:culture
3405:Popular
2769:charter
2521:Cabinet
2364:Related
2213:(1989–)
1657:Magyars
1452:Locarno
1375:Members
887:Press.
797:Namibia
636:of the
501:At the
447:at the
411:of the
409:charter
145:Members
69:Parties
4961:UN Day
4899:Canada
4775:CCISUA
4637:Israel
4622:Cyprus
4475:(1945)
4469:(1945)
4463:(1944)
4457:(1943)
4451:(1943)
4445:(1942)
4439:(1941)
4433:(1941)
4203:Vienna
4188:Geneva
4079:UNESCO
3997:UNU-OP
3972:UNRISD
3967:UNOSAT
3947:UNITAR
3942:UNIDIR
3937:UNICRI
3932:UNICEF
3848:UNCTAD
3838:UNAIDS
3466:Family
3447:Wilson
3415:Wilson
3297:Legacy
3250:(1913)
3243:(1901)
3237:(1900)
3143:1920;
3130:1920;
3122:(1919)
3116:(1919)
3085:1917;
3072:1917;
3044:(1916)
3038:(1916)
3017:1916;
3009:(1916)
2998:(1916)
2982:1916;
2974:(1916)
2953:(1916)
2947:(1915)
2941:(1915)
2935:(1915)
2929:(1914)
2918:(1914)
2895:(1914)
2889:(1914)
2873:(1913)
2828:(1913)
2817:1913;
2804:1913;
2778:(1920)
2767:1920;
2754:1919;
2746:(1919)
2717:(1918)
2633:(1916)
2603:(1914)
2355:Holism
2180:(1922)
2169:(1921)
2163:(1920)
2157:(1920)
2151:(1918)
2140:(1918)
2134:(1918)
2128:(1917)
2117:(1901)
2096:(1877)
2090:(1876)
2084:(1874)
2078:(1873)
2072:(1869)
2066:(1868)
2032:(1679)
2026:(1626)
2020:(1621)
1991:(1815)
1985:(1809)
1979:(1797)
1973:(1791)
1967:(1772)
1956:(1739)
1950:(1723)
1944:(1718)
1938:(1699)
1927:(1664)
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1867:(1570)
1861:(1549)
1855:(1541)
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1717:(1271)
1711:(1233)
1689:(1102)
1055:985951
1053:
1024:
997:
891:
744:, the
740:, the
715:vetoed
579:disarm
478:, and
347:Others
61:Expiry
27:Signed
5070:Other
5017:Hanoi
4807:FICSA
4672:Yemen
4662:Syria
4510:UNPOL
4084:UNIDO
3987:UNSSC
3982:UNSDG
3977:UNRWA
3962:UNOPS
3957:UNODC
3927:UNHRC
3922:UNHCR
3917:OHCHR
3907:UNFPA
3873:UNDPO
3863:UNDGC
3858:UNCDF
3455:Suffs
3228:Books
2643:entry
2456:13th
2329:Books
2306:Other
1668:(894)
1547:Other
1316:from
1241:(PDF)
1072:(PDF)
1051:JSTOR
931:(PDF)
795:(now
653:49–35
4812:Flag
4740:2011
4735:2014
4730:2017
4725:2020
4720:2021
4715:2022
4710:2023
4700:2016
4695:2021
4632:Iraq
4627:Iran
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4049:IFAD
4044:ICAO
3885:UNEP
3868:UNDP
3843:SCSL
3828:IAEA
3823:IPCC
3170:Life
2864:1916
2859:1915
2854:1914
2849:1913
2578:1920
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2563:1916
2558:1915
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2446:34th
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2261:Life
1829:and
1022:ISBN
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525:and
517:and
509:and
443:and
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4094:UPU
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1047:114
987:doi
960:by
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585:or
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