374:
unexplained, or as a result of injuries or drugs. Two different death investigation systems have developed in Canada: the
Coroner's system and the Medical Examiner's system. The Coroner's system is used in the majority of provinces and territories. It is a system that is centuries old and originated in Great Britain. It is found throughout the world in countries that were former British colonies, including Canada. The Medical Examiner's system (used in Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland and Labrador) is just over one century old and originated in the United States. Although there are some differences between the two systems, the ultimate goal of each is the sameâto investigate certain deaths defined in their legislation and establish the identity of the deceased together with the cause of death and the manner of death.
1022:, the coroner exists by law in approximately 65 counties, but the office is active in only ten of them; in the counties that have coroners, they are set forth as common law peace officers, yet the coroner of the county also has judicial powers: to investigate cause and manner of death, as in other states, but also to conduct inquests, to issue court orders, to impanel a coroner's jury and to act as sheriff in certain cases. She can arrest the sheriff for cause. Beginning in 2015, the NC Office of Chief Medical Examiner (OCME) began optional training for coroners to become special assistant medical examiner investigators (NC CH130A & 152).
684:. The majority of deaths are not investigated by the coroner. If the deceased has been under medical care, or has been seen by a doctor within 14 days of death, then the doctor can issue a death certificate. However, if the deceased died without being seen by a doctor, or if the doctor is unwilling to make a determination, the coroner will investigate the cause and manner of death. The coroner will also investigate when a death is deemed violent or unnatural, where the cause is unknown, where a death is the result of poisoning or industrial injury, or if it occurred in police custody or prison.
334:), "the Federal Forensic Expert is a police officer with technical and scientific knowledge in the service of justice and a professional specialized in finding or providing so-called material evidence through the scientific analysis of traces produced and left in the commission of crimes", what, in case of the Physician-Legists (inserted in the aforementioned career), applies in relation to highly complex federal crimes involving corpses that need to be examined by the Forensic Medicine and Dentistry Sector linked to the National Institute of Criminalistics.
833:. There is no material difference between an accidental death conclusion and one of misadventure. Neglect cannot be a conclusion by itself. It must be part of another conclusion. A conclusion of neglect requires that there was a need for relevant care (such as nourishment, medical attention, shelter or warmth) identified, and there was an opportunity to offer or provide that care that was not taken. An open conclusion should only be used as a last resort and is given where the cause of death cannot be identified on the evidence available to the inquest.
603:
944:" are defined differently. In some places, stringent rules require that the medical examiner be a forensic pathologist. In others, the medical examiner must be a physician, though not necessarily a pathologist nor further specialized forensic pathologist; physicians with no experience in forensic medicine have become medical examiners. In other jurisdictions, such as Wisconsin, each county sets standards, and in some, the medical examiner does not need any medical or educational qualifications.
3815:
866:
must also appoint area coroners (in effect deputies to the senior coroner) and assistant coroners, to the number that the Lord
Chancellor considers necessary in view of the physical character and population of the district. The cost of the coroner service for the district falls upon the local authority or authorities concerned, and thus ultimately upon the local inhabitants. There are 98 coroners in England and Wales, covering 109 local authority areas.
36:
3825:
1194:
881:, or a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Legal Executives (CILEx) with at least five years' qualified experience. This reflects the role of a coroner: to determine the cause of death of a deceased in cases where the death was sudden, unexpected, occurred abroad, was suspicious in any way, or happened while the person was under the control of central authority (e.g., in police
933:
training is required, even though a coroner may overrule a forensic pathologist in naming a cause of death. Some coroners are elected with others appointed. Some coroners hold office by virtue of holding another office. For example, in
Nebraska, a county's district attorney is also the county's coroner. Similarly, in many counties in Texas, the
826:, a brief statement explaining the circumstances how the person came about their death. A coroner giving a narrative conclusion may choose to refer to the other conclusion. A narrative conclusion may also consist of answers to a set of questions posed by the coroner to himself or to the jury (as appropriate).
932:
As of 2004, of the 2,342 death investigation offices in the United States, 1,590 were coroners' offices, 82 of which served jurisdictions of more than 250,000 people. Qualifications for coroners are set by individual states and counties in the U.S. and vary widely. In many jurisdictions, little or no
865:
England and Wales are divided into coroner districts by the Lord
Chancellor, each district consisting of the area or areas of one or more local authorities. The relevant local authority, with the consent of the Chief Coroner and the Lord Chancellor, must appoint a senior coroner for the district. It
964:
Duties always include determining the cause, time and manner of death. The coroner/ME typically uses the same investigatory skills of a police detective because the answers are available from the circumstances, scene, and recent medical records. Many
American jurisdictions require that any death not
947:
Not all U.S. jurisdictions use a coroner system for medicolegal death investigationâsome operate with only a medical examiner system, while others operate on a mixed coronerâmedical examiner system. In the U.S., the terms "coroner" and "medical examiner" vary widely in meaning by jurisdiction, as do
524:
The
Coroners Service is a network of Coroners situated across Ireland, usually covering areas based on Ireland's traditional counties. They are appointed by local authorities as independent experts and must be either qualified doctors or lawyers. Their primary function is to investigate any sudden,
386:
Coroner or
Medical Examiner services are under the jurisdiction of provincial or territorial governments, and in modern Canada generally operate within the public safety and security or justice portfolio. These services are headed by a Chief Coroner (or Chief Medical Examiner) and comprise coroners
382:
the officer responsible for investigating all unnatural and natural unexpected, unexplained, or unattended deaths goes under the title "coroner" or "medical examiner" depending on location. They do not determine civil or criminal responsibility, but instead make and offer recommendations to improve
191:
in 1215, which states: "No sheriff, constable, coroner or bailiff shall hold pleas of our Crown." "Keeping the pleas" was an administrative task, while "holding the pleas" was a judicial one that was not assigned to the locally resident coroner but left to judges who traveled around the country
858:, a judge appointed by the Lord Chief Justice after consulting the Lord Chancellor. The Chief Coroner provides advice, guidance and training to coroners and aims to secure uniformity of practice throughout England and Wales. The post is currently part-time. The present Chief Coroner is Judge
725:
The coroner has a team of coroner's officers (previously often ex-police officers, but increasingly from a nursing or other paramedical background) who carry out the investigation on the coroner's behalf. A coroner's investigation may involve a simple review of the circumstances, ordering a
373:
Death investigation is the responsibility of each individual
Canadian province and territoryâthere is no overarching federal authority. As a result, each province and territory has developed their own system and legislation to fulfill the mandate of investigating deaths that are unexpected,
245:
P. 40. Erlangen, 1780), who quotes
Euripides, Clement of Alexandria, Chionus of Heraclea and others in this regard; see also James Claude Upshaw Downs: "The origin of official death investigation is traced to at least 44 B.C. with the Greek Physician Antistius's examination of Julius
102:
Responsibilities of the coroner may include overseeing the investigation and certification of deaths related to mass disasters that occur within the coroner's jurisdiction. A coroner's office typically maintains death records of those who have died within the coroner's jurisdiction.
211:" and to notify the coroner. While coronial manuals written for sheriffs, bailiffs, justices of the peace and coroners were published in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, handbooks specifically written for coroners were distributed in England in the eighteenth century.
730:), an inquest must be held. In England, inquests are usually heard without a jury (unless the coroner wants one). However, a case in which a person has died under the control of central authority must have a jury, as a check on the possible abuse of governmental power.
353:) or Scientific Polices (in all other 18 States) disposes of their own Legal-Medical Institutes (mainly responsible for confirming the authorship, dynamics and materiality of offenses involving living beings or their respective corpses) and, with the exception of
955:
was present. Additionally, the law often requires investigations for deaths that are suspicious (as defined by jurisdiction) or violent. In some places in the United States, a coroner has other special powers, such as the ability to arrest the county sheriff.
675:
The coroner's jurisdiction is limited to determining who the deceased was and how, when and where they came by their death. When the death is suspected to have been either sudden with unknown cause, violent, or unnatural, the coroner decides whether to hold a
885:). Until 2013 a qualified medical practitioner could be appointed, but that is no longer possible. Any medical coroner still in office will either have been appointed before 2013, or, exceptionally, will hold both medical and legal qualifications.
1029:, the coroner is the only law enforcement officer who has the authority to arrest and incarcerate the county sheriff and take command of the county jail. The coroner is also the only official who may serve the sheriff with civil process.
106:
The additional roles that a coroner may oversee in judicial investigations may be subject to the attainment of suitable legal and medical qualifications. The qualifications required of a coroner vary significantly between
995:
to execute arrest warrants and to serve process, and is the only county official empowered to arrest the county sheriff; in certain situations where there is no sheriff, the coroner officially acts as sheriff for the
187:
is interested in a suit, or if he is of affinity with one of the parties to a suit, the coroner must execute and return the process of the courts of justice." This role was qualified in
Chapter 24 of
660:. There are no longer coroners in Scotland. Coroners existed in Scotland between about 1400 and 1800 when they ceased to be used. Now deaths requiring judicial examination are reported to the
641:, they are not employees of those local authorities but rather independent judicial office holders who can be removed from office only by the Lord Chief Justice and the Lord Chancellor. The
718:
Any person aware of a dead body lying in the district of a coroner has a duty to report it to the coroner; failure to do so is an offence. This can include bodies brought into England or
749:
The coroner's former power to name a suspect in the inquest conclusion and commit them for trial has been abolished. The coroner's conclusion sometimes is persuasive for the police and
183:
official whose primary duty was to protect the financial interest of the Crown in criminal proceedings. The office of coroner is, "in many instances, a necessary substitute: for if the
537:
Two coronial services operate in New Zealand. The older one deals only with deaths before midnight of 30 June 2007 that remain under investigation. The new system operates under the
753:, but normally proceedings in the coroner's court are suspended until after the outcome of any criminal case is known. More usually, a coroner's conclusion is also relied upon in
951:
Local laws define the deaths a coroner must investigate. The most often legally required investigation is for sudden or unexpected deaths, in addition to deaths where no
271:
Australian coroners are responsible for investigating and determining the cause of death for those cases reported to them. In all states and territories, a coroner is a
1036:, the office of coroner was abolished in 1915, since before that time, having medical knowledge was not actually a requirement, leading to much abuse of the position.
65:
In medieval times, English coroners were Crown officials who held financial powers and conducted some judicial investigations in order to counterbalance the power of
965:
certified by an attending physician be referred to the medical examiner for the location where the death occurred. Only a small percentage of deaths require an
2396:
726:
post-mortem examination, or they may decide that an inquest is appropriate. When a person dies in the custody of the legal authorities (in police cells, or in
241:) on his head so that he might be accepted in glory in the afterlife. The use was already of ancient Greece and see e. g. Theophilus Christophorus Harles (
1288:
features Jill Hennessy as Jordan Cavanaugh, M.D., a crime-solving forensic pathologist employed in the Massachusetts Office of the Chief Medical Examiner.
948:
qualifications and duties for these offices. Advocates have promoted the medical examiner model as more accurate given the more stringent qualifications.
465:
The Coroner's Court is responsible to inquire into the causes and circumstances of some deaths. The Coroner is a judicial officer who has the power to:
924:. Northern Ireland has three coroners, who oversee the province as a whole. They are assisted by coroners' liaison officers and a medical officer.
1718:
859:
882:
525:
unexplained, violent or unnatural death in order to allow a death certificate to be issued. Any death due to unnatural causes will require an
3869:
2442:
840:; prior to 2020, conclusions of suicide or unlawful killing were required to be proved to the criminal standard of beyond reasonable doubt.
62:. The official may also investigate or confirm the identity of an unknown person who has been found dead within the coroner's jurisdiction.
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741:. This jurisdiction is no longer exercised by local coroners, but by specialist "coroners for treasure" appointed by the Chief Coroner.
3788:
2032:
1428:
388:
233:, that is to a necrofor who prepared the corpse according to custom and, among other things, put a small laurel or myrtle wreath (Lat.
76:
Depending on the jurisdiction, the coroner may adjudge the cause of death personally, or may act as the presiding officer of a special
1914:
737:
cases. This role arose from the ancient duty of the coroner as a protector of the property of the Crown. It is now contained in the
1258:
as a source of information for detectives, there are a number of fictional coroners who have taken particular focus on television.
2804:
1164:
1553:
649:, is responsible for coronial law and policy. However it has no operational responsibility for the running of coroners' courts.
2057:
638:
2865:
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1997:
1962:
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now have a Medical Examiner system, meaning that all death investigations are conducted by specialist physicians trained in
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1385:
642:
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1885:
1399:
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is a British crime novelist, who writes a series of best-selling novels featuring Bristol-based coroner, Jenny Cooper.
414:, with the assistance of other medical and law enforcement personnel. All other provinces run on a coroner system. In
229:
Going further back in time, we find that the term comes from antiquity, namely when the deceased was entrusted to the
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Coronial services in Northern Ireland are broadly similar to those in England and Wales, including dealing with
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to carry out an inquest into the death of a sudden, unexpected and suspicious nature. Some large cities such as
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for "keeper of the pleas of the Crown"), from which the word "coroner" is derived. This role provided a local
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457:, coroners are not necessarily physicians but generally have legal, medical, or investigative backgrounds.
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R (on the application of Maughan) (Appellant) v Her Majestyâs Senior Coroner for Oxfordshire (Respondent)
2075:
2071:
1211:
1175:, England. ("Crowner" is an archaic word for "coroner" and is based on the origins of the word. See the
250:
The history of the office of coroner extends well over a millennium and has seen major evolution etc." (
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have a City Coroners' Court attached to the main city hospital, with a Coroner and Additional Coroner.
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151:
1453:
1420:
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is a federal coroner and the head of the Forensic Division at Jeffersonian Institute in the TV series
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Introduced wide-ranging cultural matters to be considered in all aspects of dealing with the dead body
548:
Moved to a smaller number of full-time legally-qualified coroners who are Judges of the Coroners Court
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1004:
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may be in charge of death investigation. In yet other places, the sheriff may be the lawful coroner.
764:. The coroner commonly tells the jury which conclusions are lawfully available in a particular case.
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407:
346:
139:. In Middle English, the word "coroner" referred to an officer of the Crown, derived from the French
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901:
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327:
27:
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office and the county coroner's office. In these counties, the sheriff also serves as the coroner.
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In the United Kingdom a coroner is a specialist judge. Whilst coroners are appointed and paid by
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The person who found a body from a death thought sudden or unnatural was required to raise the "
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or keeper of the county records became an independent office, which after 1836 was held by the
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Australia, New South Wales â Homepage of the New South Wales, Australian (NSW) Coroners Court
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1142:
1091:
790:
446:
342:
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and has been adopted in many countries whose legal systems have at some time been subject to
2164:, (2004). U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report NCJ216756.
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Coroners and Medical Examiners A Comparison of Options Offered by Both Systems in Wisconsin
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288:
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1918:
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as a deputy coroner to undertake a high-profile inquest, such as those into the deaths of
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a coroner for every district in England and Wales. This is no longer so; there are now no
691:, and accordingly the coroner may summon witnesses. Those found to be lying are guilty of
8:
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Please help update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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has the title character (a medical examiner) under the authority of the county coroner.
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The office of the coroner dates from approximately the 11th century, shortly after the
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Introduced a specific regime for attention and release of body parts and body samples
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Established the office of the chief coroner to provide leadership and coordination
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980:, coroners are involved in the determination of mental illness of living persons.
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1071:(born 1927), former Chief Medical Examiner-Coroner for the County of Los Angeles
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Australia, Western Australia â Homepage of West Australian (WA) Coroners Court
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Autopsy: the memoirs of Milton Helpern, the world's greatest medical detective
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50:
is a government or judicial official who is empowered to conduct or order an
1490:
Duggan, Kenneth F. (2017). "The Hue and Cry in Thirteenth-Century England".
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features a coroner named Dr. Max Bergman, played by Japanese-American actor
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are different professions. They have different roles and responsibilities.
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Ensured families are notified of significant steps in the coronial process
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1736:"Introduction: Coroner Canadian Medical Examiner Database: Annual Report"
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1276:
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1153:
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815:
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403:
208:
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111:
and are described below under the entry for each jurisdiction. Coroners,
16:
Government official who confirms and certifies the death of an individual
1621:"The Coronial Manual and the Bureaucratic Logic of the Coroner's Office"
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The Coroner makes orders after considering the pathologist's report.
429:
In the other provinces and territories with a coroner system, namely
330:, according to the National Association of Federal Forensic Experts (
312:
275:
with legal training, and is attached to a local court. Five states â
164:
35:
3342:
2371:"Public Health Law Program: Coroner/Medical Examiner Laws, by State"
2226:
Title 15, Chapter 16, Section 8 of Georgia law and Ch. 152 of NC law
1588:
1280:
has as its main character a coroner based in a fictional Devon town.
1226:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
167:'s England. In September 1194, it was decreed by Article 20 of the "
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3248:
3181:
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Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward
2160:
J. M. Hickman, K. A. Hughes, K. J. Strom, and J. D. Ropero-Miller,
1328:
1000:
988:
744:
696:
399:
296:
40:
2352:"What Is the Difference Between a Medical Examiner and a Coroner?"
1805:
1389:, the detectives are regularly assisted by coroner Melinda Warner.
1007:
gives coroners and their deputies the full power and authority of
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3228:
3176:
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2568:
1305:
1291:
The coroners are significant characters and main cast members on
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992:
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In some states, coroners have additional authority. For example:
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785:
692:
681:
582:
526:
450:
419:
395:
357:, the Physician-Legists constitute a police career of their own.
184:
70:
66:
51:
2089:
R v HM Coroner for the County of West Yorkshire, ex parte Sacker
1376:) has a coroner as its title character, inspired by the coroner
610:
Parts of this article (those related to the consequences of the
383:
public safety and prevention of death in similar circumstances.
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3426:
3196:
3064:
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2630:
1366:
1011:. This includes the power of arrest and the authority to carry
727:
438:
379:
295:â also have state coroners and specialised coronial courts. In
2216:
Death Investigations: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO)
1346:
plays Woody, a coroner on the American detective comedy-drama
854:
The coroner service in England and Wales is supervised by the
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1348:
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215:
176:
77:
695:. Additional powers of the coroner may include the power of
708:
2198:
2196:
1573:"The Early History and Influence of the Office of Coroner"
2423:
Australia, Queensland â Queensland Courts, Coroners Court
332:
Associação Nacional dos Peritos Criminais Federais - APCF
243:
Bionis smyrnaei and Moschi syracusani quae supersunt etc.
2457:
2453:
Northern Ireland â Coroners Service for Northern Ireland
2386:
See also the links at the bottom of the linked article.
2193:
299:, the Chief Magistrate also acts as the state coroner.
498:
Approve removal and use of body parts of the dead body
258:
ed. by Clifton D. Bryant. V. 1, p. 909. 2003.)
940:
In different jurisdictions the terms "coroner" and "
2443:
Hong Kong Judiciary â Court Services and Facilities
1992:. London, England: Palgrave Pivot. pp. 38â68.
969:to determine the time, cause and manner of death.
647:Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice
2438:England and Wales â Ministry of Justice, Coroners
1941:"Welcome to the Coronial Services of New Zealand"
1776:"The Role of the Chief Medical Examiner's Office"
896:coroners. A senior judge is sometimes appointed
3841:
2433:Australia, Victoria â Coroners Court of Victoria
2326:"Run for Coroner, No Medical Training Necessary"
2258:. New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. 12â13.
1609:James Wilson, Lectures on Law, vol. 2, chapter 7
1099:, late 19th-century coroner in London and Surrey
1065:, former provincial coroner for British Columbia
767:The most common short-form conclusions include:
745:Inquest conclusions (previously called verdicts)
1838:. Newfoundland â Labrador Department of Justice
1043:, 48 of the 58 counties have merged the county
323:(Physician-Legists), is due to such bionicity.
2448:New Zealand â Coronial Services of New Zealand
2402:History of the Medieval English Coroner System
888:Formerly, every justice of the High Court was
487:Orders to remove dead bodies outside Hong Kong
2473:
2397:Dr. G Medical Examiner: Working with the Dead
2034:General information about the coroner service
1990:The Coroners of Northern Britain c. 1300-1700
1334:Kujo Kiriya from the 2016 Japanese TV series
311:, such activity has always been privative to
2235:Section 30-10-604, Colorado revised statutes
1909:
1907:
1690:
1321:The American police procedural drama series
991:the coroner has the same powers as a county
2151:at justice-ni.gov.uk; retrieved 5 July 2018
2037:at manchester.gov.uk; retrieved 6 July 2018
1717:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2480:
2466:
1429:United States National Library of Medicine
1402:â home to the Coroner's Office for Ontario
2502:
2101:R v Portsmouth Coroner, ex parte Anderson
1904:
1878:
1738:. Government of Canada. 27 November 2015.
1730:
1728:
1485:
1483:
1242:Learn how and when to remove this message
652:There are separate coroners services for
157:The office of coroner was established by
88:derives from the same source as the word
2305:. Queen's Film and Media. Archived from
2284:California State Association of Counties
2244:Section 284, New York State Laws of 1915
1254:Although coroners are often depicted in
122:
34:
2253:
2162:Medical Examiners and Coroners' Offices
2048:"Criminal Law Act 1977: Section 56"
1987:
1756:. Alberta Justice and Solicitor General
1625:International Journal of Law in Context
1618:
1165:University of Wales College of Medicine
1088:, former provincial coroner for Ontario
822:Alternatively, an inquest may return a
97:
3842:
2411:
2323:
2254:Helpern, Milton (1977). "Beginnings".
2028:
2026:
2011:
2009:
1832:"Office of the Chief Medical Examiner"
1806:"Nova Scotia Medical Examiner Service"
1750:"Office of the Chief Medical Examiner"
1725:
1489:
1480:
1176:
1103:
560:Enhanced inquiry and inquest processes
387:or medical examiners appointed by the
319:, reason why its common denomination,
307:In Brazil, almost like in the case of
2830:List of ways people dishonor the dead
2461:
2184:
2139:at judiciary.uk; reviewed 2 July 2018
1570:
1386:Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
1318:has a coroner as its title character.
3870:People involved with death and dying
2149:Coroner service for Northern Ireland
2127:at cps.gov.uk; retrieved 5 July 2018
2064:
2020:at cps.gov.uk; retrieved 6 July 2018
1210:Relevant discussion may be found on
1187:
843:
596:
492:Order police investigations of death
127:The office of coroner originated in
2023:
2006:
1400:Ontario Centre of Forensic Sciences
1051:
911:
515:Iranian Legal Medicine Organization
501:Issue certificates of fact of death
218:following its military conquest by
13:
2835:List of ways people honor the dead
2349:
2317:
1782:. Manitoba Justice. Archived from
1413:
873:the applicant must be a qualified
836:Conclusions are arrived at on the
680:examination and, if necessary, an
14:
3881:
2866:GompertzâMakeham law of mortality
2390:
2324:Harris, Sarah (3 November 2013).
2296:
1943:. New Zealand Ministry of Justice
1917:. Coroner Service. Archived from
1888:. Coroner Service. Archived from
592:
3823:
3814:
3813:
2303:CBC Television Series, 1952â1982
1963:"Coroners â Ministry of Justice"
1457:, 2009. Accessed 10 August 2009.
1274:British television drama series
1192:
927:
601:
3824:
2290:
2272:
2247:
2238:
2229:
2220:
2209:
2178:
2167:
2154:
2142:
2130:
2118:
2106:
2094:
2082:
2040:
1981:
1955:
1933:
1864:
1850:
1824:
1798:
1768:
1742:
1684:
1658:
829:Lawful killing includes lawful
715:juries of six during inquests.
39:Charles B Greenlaw, Coroner of
2202:National Academy of Sciences,
1612:
1603:
1564:
1554:"Online Etymology Dictionary:
1546:
1520:
1460:
1442:
1421:"Coroner vs. medical examiner"
1294:CSI: Crime Scene Investigation
1118:", from the classic 1939 film
532:
214:Coroners were introduced into
1:
2886:Maternal mortality in fiction
1691:felipematos7 (8 April 2019).
1406:
1183:
1136:
850:Inquests in England and Wales
733:Coroners also have a role in
612:Coroners and Justice Act 2009
248:(Fisher 1993; Gawande 2001).
171:" to establish the office of
2800:Expressions related to death
2753:Medical declaration of death
1116:Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead
575:Inquirers into Sudden Deaths
564:
460:
422:, all coroners are, by law,
328:Department of Federal Police
266:
261:
252:Coroner and Medical Examiner
7:
2820:Preventable causes of death
2375:Centers for Disease Control
2076:Health and Safety Executive
1693:"O Perito Criminal Federal"
1577:Political Science Quarterly
1393:
1222:the claims made and adding
1171:series set in 12th-century
256:Handbook of Death and Dying
10:
3886:
1492:Thirteenth Century England
1477:. Accessed 10 August 2009.
1370:(the Canadian ancestor of
1128:confirms the death of the
847:
707:, the power to administer
579:Code of Criminal Procedure
519:
512:
152:Norman conquest of England
25:
18:
3809:
3535:
3465:
3351:
3305:
3187:Consciousness after death
3167:
3110:
3055:
2997:
2946:
2935:
2928:
2843:
2780:
2674:
2495:
2487:
2060:, 1977 c. 45 (s. 56)
1699:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
1637:10.1017/S1744552316000069
1504:10.1017/9781787441439.010
1005:Kentucky Revised Statutes
959:
751:Crown Prosecution Service
687:The coroner's court is a
645:, which is headed by the
408:Newfoundland and Labrador
360:
302:
173:custos placitorum coronae
3588:Personification of death
2810:People by cause of death
1666:"Who works at a morgue?"
1167:, is well known for his
1130:Wicked Witch of the East
1003:, section 72.415 of the
902:Diana, Princess of Wales
838:balance of probabilities
666:fatal accident inquiries
28:Coroner (disambiguation)
19:Not to be confused with
3860:Health care occupations
3665:Death-positive movement
3510:Post-mortem photography
2790:Causes of death by rate
2718:Death by natural causes
2185:Keach, Jenifer (2006).
1988:Houston, R. A. (2014).
1571:Gross, Charles (1892).
1454:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
1108:
1097:Athelstan Braxton Hicks
904:and the victims of the
869:To become a coroner in
782:Alcohol or drug related
508:
3700:Fascination with death
3338:Reincarnation research
3333:Out-of-body experience
2795:Notable deaths by year
2636:Immunogenic cell death
2552:Temporal lobe necrosis
2331:Weekend Edition Sunday
2206:, (2009), pp. 241â253.
2174:Frontline: Post Mortem
1915:"Who are the coroners"
1619:Trabsky, Marc (2016).
1364:The television series
1355:The television series
1312:The television series
1169:Crowner John Mysteries
796:Road traffic collision
376:
43:
3505:Post-mortem chemistry
3318:Near-death experience
3214:Desecration of graves
3150:Postmortem caloricity
3115:Beating heart cadaver
2559:Programmed cell death
2527:Liquefactive necrosis
2336:National Public Radio
2058:The National Archives
1836:www.justice.gov.nl.ca
1092:William Wynn Westcott
791:Accident/misadventure
447:Northwest Territories
371:
123:Etymology and history
117:forensic pathologists
38:
3865:Forensic occupations
3695:Festival of the Dead
3593:Dying-and-rising god
3548:Chinese burial money
3437:Prohibition of dying
3389:Death-qualified jury
3155:Post-mortem interval
2815:Premature obituaries
2522:Coagulative necrosis
1892:on 17 September 2016
935:justice of the peace
906:2005 London bombings
824:narrative conclusion
416:Prince Edward Island
222:in 1282 through the
98:Duties and functions
26:For other uses, see
3755:Philosophy of death
3620:Death from laughter
2920:Perinatal mortality
2661:Mitotic catastrophe
2641:Ischemic cell death
2584:Intrinsic apoptosis
2532:Gangrenous necrosis
2412:Coroners by country
2072:"Coroners Inquests"
1969:on 27 December 2008
1532:Merriam-Webster.com
1263:Dr. Camille Saroyan
1159:and a professor of
1104:Artistic depictions
953:attending physician
643:Ministry of Justice
571:Ministry of Justice
224:Statute of Rhuddlan
220:Edward I of England
147:, meaning "crown".
3801:Thanatosensitivity
3705:Hierarchy of death
3645:Death notification
3553:Coins for the dead
3485:Forensic pathology
3369:Capital punishment
3323:Near-death studies
2915:Mortality salience
2547:Fibrinoid necrosis
2517:Avascular necrosis
2053:legislation.gov.uk
1754:justice.alberta.ca
1337:Kamen Rider Ex-Aid
1315:Da Vinci's Inquest
1297:and its spin-offs
1203:possibly contains
1161:forensic pathology
1082:coroner for Boston
1058:Wynne Edwin Baxter
778:Industrial disease
664:and dealt with by
569:In Sri Lanka, the
478:Waivers of autopsy
412:Forensic Pathology
315:, but necessarily
137:United Kingdom law
44:
3855:Legal professions
3837:
3836:
3573:Death anniversary
3568:Death and culture
3412:Dying declaration
3394:Death certificate
3301:
3300:
3163:
3162:
3015:Neuropreservation
2805:Natural disasters
2776:
2775:
2309:on 15 March 2010.
2280:"Sheriff-Coroner"
2103:(1987) 1 WLR 1640
1999:978-1-137-38107-1
1886:"Coroner Service"
1672:. 27 October 2009
1670:Australian Museum
1534:. Merriam Webster
1252:
1251:
1244:
1205:original research
1124:, the Coroner of
922:Treasure Act 1996
871:England and Wales
844:England and Wales
755:civil proceedings
739:Treasure Act 1996
668:conducted by the
662:procurator fiscal
654:England and Wales
639:local authorities
635:
634:
539:Coroners Act 2006
484:Exhumation orders
394:The provinces of
389:executive council
367:Statistics Canada
309:medical examiners
293:Western Australia
113:medical examiners
3877:
3827:
3826:
3817:
3816:
3797:
3782:Assisted suicide
3680:Death trajectory
3495:Mortuary science
3490:Funeral director
3481:
3447:Suspicious death
3219:Eternal oblivion
3005:Cryopreservation
2944:
2943:
2933:
2932:
2871:Infant mortality
2861:Excess mortality
2763:Terminal illness
2748:Lazarus syndrome
2733:End-of-life care
2684:Accidental death
2537:Caseous necrosis
2500:
2499:
2482:
2475:
2468:
2459:
2458:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2350:Valdes, Robert.
2346:
2344:
2342:
2311:
2310:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2213:
2207:
2200:
2191:
2190:
2182:
2176:
2171:
2165:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2140:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2092:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2044:
2038:
2030:
2021:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1965:. Archived from
1959:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1921:on 17 April 2016
1911:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1860:. 16 March 2016.
1854:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1786:on 30 March 2014
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1732:
1723:
1722:
1716:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1616:
1610:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1487:
1478:
1464:
1458:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1417:
1247:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1227:
1224:inline citations
1196:
1195:
1188:
1121:The Wizard of Oz
1052:Notable examples
942:medical examiner
920:cases under the
912:Northern Ireland
811:Unlawful killing
658:Northern Ireland
630:
627:
621:
605:
604:
597:
475:Cremation orders
431:British Columbia
378:In 21st-century
347:Federal District
339:federative units
321:MĂ©dicos-Legistas
204:of each county.
198:custos rotulorum
169:Articles of Eyre
129:medieval England
21:medical examiner
3885:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3833:
3805:
3791:
3735:Museum of Death
3685:Dignified death
3640:Death messenger
3615:Death education
3531:
3475:
3461:
3399:Declared death
3347:
3297:
3254:Online mourning
3159:
3125:Cadaveric spasm
3106:
3051:
2993:
2984:Skeletonization
2924:
2856:Child mortality
2851:Birthday effect
2839:
2772:
2768:Unnatural death
2699:Brainstem death
2670:
2609:Pseudoapoptosis
2491:
2486:
2414:
2393:
2379:
2377:
2369:
2360:
2358:
2340:
2338:
2320:
2318:Further reading
2315:
2314:
2297:Allan, Blaine.
2295:
2291:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2266:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2214:
2210:
2201:
2194:
2183:
2179:
2172:
2168:
2159:
2155:
2147:
2143:
2135:
2131:
2123:
2119:
2111:
2107:
2099:
2095:
2087:
2083:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2031:
2024:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1986:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1946:
1944:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1924:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1895:
1893:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1841:
1839:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1789:
1787:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1734:
1733:
1726:
1710:
1709:
1702:
1700:
1689:
1685:
1675:
1673:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1649:
1647:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1604:
1589:10.2307/2139446
1569:
1565:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1537:
1535:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1514:
1488:
1481:
1471:Lycoming County
1467:Coroner History
1465:
1461:
1447:
1443:
1433:
1431:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1396:
1285:Crossing Jordan
1248:
1237:
1231:
1228:
1209:
1197:
1193:
1186:
1179:section above.)
1139:
1111:
1106:
1054:
962:
930:
914:
852:
846:
820:
747:
705:power of arrest
631:
625:
622:
619:
606:
602:
595:
567:
535:
522:
517:
511:
463:
363:
337:Throughout the
305:
285:South Australia
277:New South Wales
269:
264:
202:lord-lieutenant
125:
100:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3883:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3821:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3798:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3543:Apparent death
3539:
3537:
3533:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3374:Cause of death
3371:
3366:
3364:Administration
3361:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3263:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3184:
3179:
3173:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3135:Death erection
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3070:Natural burial
3061:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2950:
2948:
2941:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2903:Mortality rate
2900:
2895:
2888:
2883:
2881:Maternal death
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2825:Unusual deaths
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2758:Organ donation
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2706:Clinical death
2703:
2702:
2701:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2508:
2506:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2485:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2406:Bernard Knight
2399:
2392:
2391:External links
2389:
2388:
2387:
2367:
2347:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2289:
2286:. 26 May 2015.
2271:
2264:
2246:
2237:
2228:
2219:
2208:
2192:
2177:
2166:
2153:
2141:
2129:
2117:
2115:(2020) UKSC 46
2105:
2093:
2081:
2063:
2039:
2022:
2005:
1998:
1980:
1954:
1932:
1903:
1877:
1863:
1849:
1823:
1797:
1767:
1741:
1724:
1683:
1657:
1631:(2): 195â209.
1611:
1602:
1583:(4): 656â672.
1563:
1545:
1519:
1512:
1479:
1459:
1441:
1425:Visible Proofs
1411:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1403:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1381:
1378:Morton Shulman
1362:
1353:
1341:
1332:
1319:
1310:
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1812:. Nova Scotia
1811:
1810:www.gov.ns.ca
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1780:www.gov.mb.ca
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1201:This section
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1114:In the song "
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860:Thomas Teague
857:
856:Chief Coroner
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443:New Brunswick
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365:According to
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109:jurisdictions
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84:"). The term
83:
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63:
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57:
53:
49:
42:
37:
33:
29:
22:
3675:Death threat
3558:Dark tourism
3500:Necrobiology
3442:Right to die
3400:
3383:
3359:Abortion law
3283:Resurrection
3271:Palingenesis
3168:
3130:Coffin birth
3037:Plastination
2998:Preservation
2974:Putrefaction
2969:Rigor mortis
2964:Algor mortis
2959:Livor mortis
2936:
2892:Memento mori
2890:
2743:Lazarus sign
2723:Death rattle
2666:Suicide gene
2651:Karyorrhexis
2542:Fat necrosis
2378:. Retrieved
2359:. Retrieved
2339:. Retrieved
2329:
2307:the original
2302:
2292:
2283:
2274:
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2240:
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2100:
2096:
2088:
2084:
2066:
2051:
2042:
2033:
2016:
1989:
1983:
1971:. Retrieved
1967:the original
1957:
1945:. Retrieved
1935:
1923:. Retrieved
1919:the original
1894:. Retrieved
1890:the original
1880:
1866:
1852:
1840:. Retrieved
1835:
1826:
1814:. Retrieved
1809:
1800:
1788:. Retrieved
1784:the original
1779:
1770:
1758:. Retrieved
1753:
1744:
1701:. Retrieved
1696:
1686:
1674:. Retrieved
1669:
1660:
1648:. Retrieved
1628:
1624:
1614:
1605:
1580:
1576:
1566:
1556:coroner (n.)
1555:
1548:
1536:. Retrieved
1531:
1522:
1495:
1491:
1475:Pennsylvania
1462:
1452:
1444:
1432:. Retrieved
1424:
1415:
1384:
1373:Quincy, M.E.
1371:
1365:
1358:Quincy, M.E.
1356:
1347:
1335:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1283:
1275:
1267:
1253:
1238:
1229:
1212:Talk:Coroner
1202:
1126:Munchkinland
1119:
971:
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950:
946:
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931:
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893:
889:
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831:self-defence
828:
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806:Open verdict
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689:court of law
686:
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529:to be held.
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435:Saskatchewan
428:
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349:and other 8
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47:
45:
32:
3792: [
3750:Necrophobia
3745:Necrophilia
3715:Immortality
3670:Death squad
3650:Death panel
3635:Death march
3630:Death knell
3610:Death drive
3583:Death deity
3527:Thanatology
3476: [
3422:Legal death
3401:in absentia
3379:Civil death
3224:Examination
3209:Crematorium
3092:Excarnation
2929:After death
2728:Dysthanasia
2694:Brain death
2626:Autoschizis
2604:Phenoptosis
2599:Parthanatos
2589:Necroptosis
2496:In medicine
1925:14 December
1896:14 December
1498:: 153â172.
1344:Kurt Fuller
1277:The Coroner
1157:pathologist
1154:Home Office
1152:, a former
1080:Paul Revere
816:Still birth
678:post-mortem
533:New Zealand
404:Nova Scotia
209:hue and cry
189:Magna Carta
160:lex scripta
3844:Categories
3720:Last rites
3690:Extinction
3660:Death pose
3655:Death poem
3625:Death hoax
3605:Death camp
3598:Psychopomp
3473:Death tech
3328:Necromancy
3306:Paranormal
3288:Underworld
3140:Dissection
3102:Resomation
3097:Promession
3075:Sky burial
3042:Prosection
3027:Maceration
2738:Euthanasia
2656:Karyolysis
2614:Pyroptosis
2594:Paraptosis
2504:Cell death
2137:"Coroners"
1973:3 November
1947:10 October
1407:References
1300:CSI: Miami
1216:improve it
1184:Television
1143:M. R. Hall
1137:Literature
1041:California
894:ex officio
890:ex officio
848:See also:
701:attachment
626:March 2010
577:under the
424:physicians
313:physicians
281:Queensland
273:magistrate
143:and Latin
56:the manner
3765:Sacrifice
3760:Predation
3725:Longevity
3515:Taphonomy
3452:Trust law
3407:Death row
3192:Afterlife
3145:Gibbeting
3082:Cremation
3047:Taxidermy
3022:Embalming
2898:Micromort
2844:Mortality
2621:Autolysis
2579:Autophagy
2574:Apoptosis
2404:by Prof.
1872:"Medical"
1858:"Coroner"
1650:2 January
1645:148552738
1528:"coroner"
1449:"coroner"
1232:July 2018
1220:verifying
1214:. Please
1148:Novelist
1045:sheriff's
978:Louisiana
879:barrister
875:solicitor
759:insurance
713:sequester
573:appoints
565:Sri Lanka
541:, which:
461:Hong Kong
317:policeful
267:Australia
262:By region
231:coronator
226:in 1284.
165:Richard I
154:in 1066.
3850:Coroners
3819:Category
3789:Thanabot
3740:Necronym
3710:Homicide
3261:Obituary
3249:Mourning
3239:Internet
3182:Cemetery
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2646:Pyknosis
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2299:"Wojeck"
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3384:Coroner
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