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Alexander Eugen Conrady

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191:, where he married Annie Bunney in 1901 and became a naturalized citizen in 1902. His daughter, Hilda, records that he "remained to the end a loyal and almost fanatically devoted citizen of his adopted country." During this period he finally abandoned his business ventures and went to work for Messrs. 283:
By 1929, Conrady had published twenty-nine scientific papers, most of them relating to optical design. These along with his decade of university teaching and about 35 years of practical experience in optical design and manufacture led to the publication of his most important work, a book laying out
288:, (Oxford UP, 1929). The book became a classic—widely used and referred to—and although its computational methods have been totally superseded by modern computer "ray-tracing" lens-design programs, its theoretical and mathematical insights remain valid and the book continues in print today. 75:
Conrady knew less about his maternal ancestors, though he mentions that his maternal grandfather had been a distiller by the name of Scriverius, and that his mother (Mathilde) had been educated in his paternal grandfather's school, and then sent to a finishing school in the upper
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as a scientific adviser and lens designer. And the first of his four daughters was soon born. Perhaps as a result of this career-change and new-found domestic happiness, his bibliographic output increased dramatically, and by 1910 he had published thirteen papers on
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Conrady's health was always rather delicate; and already in his early twenties, as his daughter Hilda records, he had suffered several health "breakdowns." These in conjunction with "a growing distaste for the existing German regime"—i.e. the militaristic
184:. Business ventures of his own in the manufacture of electrical equipment and model-making did not succeed, but by way of them in the 1890s he found his ultimate calling in the study of microscope and telescope optics, at first as a diversion and hobby. 300:, along with his own ill health, prevented Conrady from finishing the work. He died in 1944 at the age of 78 in London. His younger daughter, Irene, carefully preserved his manuscript and other unpublished papers until after the war. It finally fell to 244:
Conrady's teaching proved seminal, since he was able to take the arcane and rather disorganized discipline of optical design and establish it on a systematic, didactic basis, applying many of his newly devised procedures and theoretical insights,
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The family name had originally employed the Germanic spelling of "Conradi." This was later altered—perhaps in the 18th century—to Conradij to conform with Dutch spelling, and A.E. Conrady himself employed this form of the name until
226:, that his optical work during these years led to "a large number of new types of telescopic, microscopic, and photographic lens systems...followed during the great war by the design of most of the new forms of 233:
and of some other Service instruments." The success of this work led to his appointment in 1917 to the principal teaching post of the newly founded Technical Optics Department at the
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Kaisers—led him to abandon an academic career in Germany for travel and residence abroad. At the behest of George W. Brown of Stanfield, Brown and Co., Conrady travelled to
332: 234: 555: 560: 479: 265:), which he had published during the period from 1904 to 1920. Many important optical designers of the 20th century—most notably his son-in-law, 64:. His father after beginning in that profession, turned to private business and the establishment of factories in the textile trade. 80:
region for a year. His father acted as music teacher to his mother and they were later married in 1859, whereupon they settled in
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to act as his agent with Stanfield, Brown and Co., learning how to set up button-sewing machines so that he might then return to
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Subsequently, Conrady planned and partially wrote a second volume. But the disruptions of life in London during
320: 535: 328: 324: 316: 510: 56:. His paternal male ancestors from at least the 17th century up to the time of his father had been 52:, as A.E. Conrady records in an autobiographical account, augmented and published by his daughter 301: 270: 53: 17: 159:
in 1910. Conrady published his first two scientific papers (on chemistry) during this period.
40:(January 27, 1866 – June 16, 1944) was an optical designer, academician, and textbook author. 530: 525: 8: 129: 101: 192: 208:. Fully ten of these papers (some of fundamental importance) appeared in 1904–1905. 120:
in 1884, where he studied science and mathematics under such eminent instructors as
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the systematic basis for the practical design of all kinds of optical instruments:
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Conrady & Kingslake, p. 832; Kingslake & Kingslake, p. 177-178
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Conrady & Kingslake, p. 831; Kingslake & Kingslake, p. 176-177
88:, where his father had obtained the headmastership of a local school. 48:
The Conrady family had long lived in Germany near the border with the
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http://www.optics.rochester.edu/~stroud/BookHTML/ChapI_pdf/I_06.pdf
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Conrady & Kingslake, p. 827; Kingslake & Kingslake, p. 177
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Conrady & Kingslake, p. 831; Kingslake & Kingslake, p. 177
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Conrady & Kingslake, p. 830; Kingslake & Kingslake, p. 176
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to edit and complete the manuscript, which they published as
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Emigrants from the German Empire to the United Kingdom
445:, (Oxford, 1929; reprinted as "part one" Dover, 1958). 273:—received his instruction and utilized his methods. 235:
Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine
27:Optical designer, academician, and textbook author 480:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 517: 353: 351: 216:Conrady himself records in the preface to his 348: 335:in 1920. He also published a book entitled, 30:"Conrady" redirects here. For linguist, see 494:5, no. 1 (January, 1966), pp. 176–178. 91: 556:Fellows of the Royal Microscopical Society 561:Fellows of the Royal Astronomical Society 211: 291: 162: 14: 518: 505:University of Rochester Press Releases 337:Photography as a Scientific Implement, 151:. He worked with the organic chemist, 96:Here A.E. Conrady was born in 1866 in 241:, a position he occupied until 1931. 144:and supervise their erection there. 486:R. Kingslake and H. G. Kingslake, " 435: 24: 488:Alexander Eugen Conrady, 1866-1944 411:Conrady & Kingslake, p. 827-28 269:, as well as his eldest daughter, 25: 572: 498: 483:105, no. 2 (1945), p. 67-68. 450:Applied Optics and Optical Design 443:Applied Optics and Optical Design 420:Kingslake & Kingslake, p. 178 310:Applied Optics and Optical Design 286:Applied Optics and Optical Design 276: 224:Applied Optics and Optical Design 448:A.E. Conrady and R. Kingslake, 429:Conrady & Kingslake, p. 832 546:People from the Rhine Province 423: 414: 405: 396: 387: 378: 369: 360: 13: 1: 147:In 1887, Conrady returned to 60:in the school of the town of 331:. This last awarded him its 315:Conrady was a fellow of the 104:. After attending school in 7: 456: 321:Royal Microscopical Society 187:Conrady finally settled in 43: 10: 577: 329:Royal Photographic Society 325:Quekett Microscopical Club 317:Royal Astronomical Society 312:, part two (Dover, 1960). 29: 551:University of Bonn alumni 452:, part two (Dover, 1960). 342: 92:Early life and education 475:Alexander Eugen Conrady 470:65 (1944), p. 247. 464:Alexander Eugen Conrady 302:Hilda Conrady Kingslake 271:Hilda Conrady Kingslake 259:optical path difference 54:Hilda Conrady Kingslake 38:Alexander Eugen Conrady 249:, the doctrine of the 212:Work in optical design 292:Final years and death 163:Emigration to England 507:at www.rochester.edu 180:and then in 1896 to 333:Traill-Taylor Medal 251:optical path length 339:(New York, 1923). 155:, who later won a 116:, he proceeded to 102:Kingdom of Prussia 536:Optical engineers 193:W. Watson and Son 16:(Redirected from 568: 436:Works by Conrady 430: 427: 421: 418: 412: 409: 403: 400: 394: 391: 385: 382: 376: 373: 367: 364: 358: 355: 306:Rudolf Kingslake 304:and her husband 267:Rudolf Kingslake 130:Eduard Schönfeld 122:Rudolf Lipschitz 21: 576: 575: 571: 570: 569: 567: 566: 565: 516: 515: 501: 473:R. Kingslake, " 459: 438: 433: 428: 424: 419: 415: 410: 406: 401: 397: 393:Conrady, p. vii 392: 388: 383: 379: 374: 370: 365: 361: 356: 349: 345: 294: 281: 214: 165: 126:Rudolf Clausius 118:Bonn University 94: 46: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 574: 564: 563: 558: 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 528: 514: 513: 508: 500: 499:External links 497: 496: 495: 492:Applied Optics 484: 471: 462:L.C. Martin, " 458: 455: 454: 453: 446: 441:A.E. Conrady, 437: 434: 432: 431: 422: 413: 404: 395: 386: 377: 368: 359: 346: 344: 341: 293: 290: 280: 278:Applied Optics 275: 213: 210: 164: 161: 93: 90: 45: 42: 32:August Conrady 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 573: 562: 559: 557: 554: 552: 549: 547: 544: 542: 539: 537: 534: 532: 529: 527: 524: 523: 521: 512: 509: 506: 503: 502: 493: 489: 485: 482: 481: 476: 472: 469: 465: 461: 460: 451: 447: 444: 440: 439: 426: 417: 408: 399: 390: 381: 372: 363: 354: 352: 347: 340: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 313: 311: 307: 303: 299: 289: 287: 279: 274: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 242: 240: 236: 232: 229: 225: 221: 220: 209: 207: 203: 199: 194: 190: 185: 183: 179: 178:North America 175: 171: 170:German Empire 160: 158: 154: 150: 145: 143: 139: 135: 134:August KekulĂ© 131: 127: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 89: 87: 83: 79: 73: 71: 65: 63: 59: 55: 51: 41: 39: 33: 19: 491: 487: 478: 474: 467: 463: 449: 442: 425: 416: 407: 398: 389: 380: 371: 362: 336: 314: 309: 298:World War II 295: 285: 282: 277: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 243: 223: 217: 215: 206:spectroscopy 186: 182:South Africa 174:Hohenzollern 166: 153:Otto Wallach 146: 95: 74: 66: 47: 37: 36: 531:1944 deaths 526:1866 births 468:Observatory 219:magnum opus 157:Nobel Prize 70:World War I 58:headmasters 50:Netherlands 520:Categories 231:periscopes 172:under the 228:submarine 202:astronomy 106:Burscheid 98:Burscheid 82:Burscheid 457:Articles 44:Ancestry 189:England 142:Germany 138:England 114:Germany 86:Germany 18:Conrady 327:, and 323:, the 319:, the 257:) and 239:London 204:, and 198:optics 132:, and 110:Barmen 490:" in 477:" in 466:" in 343:Notes 78:Rhine 62:Uedem 247:e.g. 149:Bonn 108:and 263:OPD 255:OPL 237:in 522:: 350:^ 222:, 200:, 128:, 124:, 112:, 100:, 84:, 72:. 261:( 253:( 34:. 20:)

Index

Conrady
August Conrady
Netherlands
Hilda Conrady Kingslake
headmasters
Uedem
World War I
Rhine
Burscheid
Germany
Burscheid
Kingdom of Prussia
Burscheid
Barmen
Germany
Bonn University
Rudolf Lipschitz
Rudolf Clausius
Eduard Schönfeld
August Kekulé
England
Germany
Bonn
Otto Wallach
Nobel Prize
German Empire
Hohenzollern
North America
South Africa
England

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