1246:
709:
the ward elect a councillor known as the municipal councillor, and all such councillors together make the
Council. The Council is the Legislative and decision-making unit of the Municipality. The head of the council is called a Chairperson, or President, followed by a Vice-chairperson or a Vice-president. All the meetings are conducted and presided over by the President. The state government appoints a Chief Executive Officer or Secretary of the Municipality who is responsible for the day-to-day administration.
776:
1633:
909:
281:
645:. Partial elections were allowed in 1887, though merely enabling selected persons to vote for members of the Board. The Board was reconstituted in 1935 and hence renamed as Urban Council in the following year after the government had passed the Urban Council Ordinance. Democratisation had been implemented, allowing universal suffrage to happen throughout its development. Two years after the
845:) serves as a consultative body with some powers of general policy determination. It is composed of a legally determined number of counsellors (for example 35 in Bălți) elected every four years, representing political parties and independent counsellors. Once elected, counsellors may form fractions inside of the Municipal Council.
476:. Each town council consists of a mayor and a number of councillors, who are directly elected in municipal elections every three years. Town councils in Belize are responsible for a range of functions, including street maintenance and lighting, drainage, refuse collection, public cemeteries, infrastructure, parks and playgrounds.
1875:
administration. Michigan does not use "town" as a defined municipality, and villages are the lowest-level form of incorporated municipality. Villages are distinct from cities in that they share certain duties with their surrounding township and are not completely autonomous. Guidelines for village
457:
cities), while others may be controlled by a multitude of much smaller city councils. Also, some significant urban areas can be under the jurisdiction of otherwise rural local governments. Periodic re-alignments of boundaries attempt to rationalize these situations and adjust the deployment of assets
1797:
Unlike some states, Indiana council members must declare a political party affiliation, if any, when they file to run for office. Upon election in
November, they are sworn in before 1 January of the following year, where they serve a four-year term. There are no state term limits affecting how many
1920:
The
Official Ballot Town Council is a variant form of the Town Council. In the Official Ballot form of government, the town council is vested with the limited authority to vote on all matters not voted on by official ballot. The authority and restrictions on the Official Ballot town council is the
855:
The Mayor of the municipality is elected for four years. In Bălți, Vasile
Panciuc (PCRM) is the incumbent from 2001 and was re-elected twice: in 2003 during the anticipated elections (as a result of a new reform of the administrative division in Moldova in 2003), and in 2007. In Chișinău, the last
708:
In India,a
Municipal council is the legislative and decision making body of a municipality. A municipality is the local government for a smaller urban area, known as municipal area. The entire district under the Municipality is divided into smaller legislative units known as a ward. The people of
1842:
in towns which have adopted a city form of government but prefer to retain the "town of" in their names. In several communities which have adopted such a government, the official name of the community is "The City known as the Town of..." The legislative body of a legal town in
Massachusetts is a
852:(PCRM), which holds 21 mandates, 11 mandates are held by representatives of other parties, and 3 mandates by independents. There are two fractions in the Municipal Council: PCRM fraction (21 counsellors) and "Meleag" fraction (3 independent counsellors and 4 representatives of different parties).
1986:, the default form of municipal government organization provides limitations on the legislative body of a statutory form of government. The Ohio Revised Code does not allow the local legislative authority (council) the power to review contracts nor perform administrative duties.
1994:
in a statutory form of government. A charter form of government could provide the legislative body more administrative powers, change number of seats, or change required qualifications. The Ohio
Constitution provides for local self-government powers via a charter as defined in
610:
The size of a commune still matters, however, in two domains: French law determines the size of the municipal council according to the population of the commune; and the size of the population determines which voting process is used for the election of the municipal council.
1809:, who manages the day-to-day business of the municipal government. As an elected official, the town clerk is solely executive in function and operates independently of the town council. But the council has final say on budgets which clerks depend upon to operate.
2284:
1801:
The first meeting after an election, members of the town council hold an organising meeting, where they elect a president to set future agendas and act as an official spokesman for the town or as liaison between the town and state and county government.
607:, not in the hands of the mayor of Paris. This uniformity of status is a clear legacy of the French Revolution, which wanted to do away with the local idiosyncrasies and tremendous differences of status that existed in the kingdom of France.
2066:
was the last to abolish its own bicameral city council (a seven-member Board of
Aldermen and an 18-member Common Council) and replace it with an 11-member City Council, doing so with a November 8, 2011 referendum which took effect in 2014.
1736:
councilmember. In cities where the council elects the mayor for one year at a time, the mayor pro tem is in line to become the mayor in the next year. In cities where the mayor is elected by the city's voters, the mayor pro tem serves as
499:
in cities for smaller or low tier municipalities. Directly elected every four years, the number of councillors vary depending on the size of their municipalities. The councillors' powers and responsibilities are governed by the
1112:" (literally "city council"). The Local Government Code of 1991 established the current local government structure, including municipal councils. City councils range from 12, in most cities, to 38 members, such as the
2298:
1793:
town council members serve as both the executive and legislative branches for small communities incorporated as towns within the state. They consist of three or five members, depending upon the town's population.
676:
established as the
Provisional Regional Council in 1986. The functional select committees, district committees, and sub-committees constituted the entire Regional Council. All members were elected from the
445:
which have been specifically granted city status (usually on a basis of population) that are entitled to refer to themselves as cities. The official title is "Corporation of the City of ______" or similar.
994:, for example, adamantly described itself as the first city in the world to see the new millennium. Gisborne is administered by a district council, but its status as a city is not generally disputed.
2003:
Any municipality may frame and adopt or amend a charter for its government and may, subject to the provisions of section 3 of this article, exercise thereunder all powers of local self-government.
2137:, lowest level of administrative division in rural areas in the Soviet Union, preserved as a third tier of administrative-territorial division throughout Ukraine, Belarus and some parts of Russia
1851:. In addition to having the structure of a city with a mayor and council, cities in Massachusetts can enact ordinances, while towns may adopt by-laws, which are subject to the approval of the
1921:
same as the Town
Council, except with respect to those matters specified to be voted on by official ballot. Also, the council decides what is placed on the ballot, not the registered voters.
1778:
constitution allows local home rule to define any type of government via a Charter Commission including a type with no Mayor (city manager) or potentially citizen's could vote to institute a
1912:
and all other applicable laws. The basic notion of home rule in New Hampshire is that local communities are not allowed to supersede the authority specifically granted to them by the state.
1876:
governments are defined in the General Law Village Act (Act 3) of 1895. Village councils consist of elected officials, including a village president, trustees, clerk, and treasurer.
2077:
was bicameral from 1789 to 1919, when it included a 149-member Common Council and 41-member Select Council, making it the largest municipal legislature in the United States.
517:
town council members serve primarily as a policy and direction board for the community. They consist of five to seven members with the head of council being the mayor or
882:) is the elected assembly of the municipality. It consists of between 9 and 45 members (as determined by law) who are elected by the citizens once every four years.
1082:
to serve as local administrations and service providers for Palestinian villages and small towns. Village councils are also referred to as D-level municipalities.
973:. The boundaries of councils tended to follow the edge of the built-up area, so little distinction was made between the urban area and the local government area.
562:
2350:
1338:
981:
1346:
2009:
The initial form of Municipal Government in Ohio is called Statuary because it is based on the default form outlined in the Ohio Revised Code statute
1908:(Pt I, Art. 39) and Title III of the New Hampshire Revised Statutes Annotated. The charter for a Town Council must meet the following requirements of
1812:
In addition to a clerk, the council can authorise the hiring of other staff to run the operations of government, including law enforcement officers,
1413:. However town councils are not subordinate in democratic accountability to those higher levels, but to the electorate of their civil parish area.
1218:
in addition to their existing responsibilities. They would also gain management experience and be accountable to their district's resident voters.
2038:
Mayor shall be recognized as head of the City government for all ceremonial purposes, but shall have no administrative duties. (Amended 11-08-05)
1229:(GRC), a Single Member Constituency (SMC), or a collection of neighbouring GRCs and SMCs controlled by the same political party. The Members of
1541:
849:
1416:
The chairman of a town council is entitled to be styled as "town mayor". This term contrasts with simply "mayor", which means the mayor of a
1033:) and a number of committees, each responsible for a subsection of tasks. It is not uncommon for some members of the council to sit in the
1021:. The municipal council sets the scope of municipal activity, takes major decisions, and delegates responsibility. The council is led by a
1207:, lifts, water tanks, external lighting and the open spaces surrounding the estates. They are regulated under the Town Councils Act (
1125:
542:
2102:
1410:
1937:
Procedures for the transfer of funds among various departments, funds, accounts and agencies as may be necessary during the year; and
1561:
977:
1587:, the Community Council may unilaterally declare itself to be a Town Council, but this has the same status as a Community Council.
1362:
2140:
1079:
1069:
546:
345:
886:
646:
885:
The council's main tasks are setting the city's policies and overseeing the execution of those policies by the municipality's
317:
1627:
603:), with exactly the same powers no matter the size of the commune and council. The one exception is the city of Paris, where
262:
1424:. However, this is often abbreviated simply to mayor, especially where the town was historically a borough or city, such as
969:. For many decades until the local government reforms of 1989, a borough with more than 20,000 people could be proclaimed a
1421:
990:
The word "city" came to be used in a less formal sense to describe major urban areas independent of local body boundaries.
1333:, almost all cities have their City Councils, and the mayors (usually elected by people) are the chairmen of them (e.g.:
438:
324:
1700:
1868:
1757:
1268:
926:
298:
1595:
1599:
1468:
1226:
1182:
948:
364:
1934:
Process for public hearings, debate, discussion and amendment of questions to be placed on the official ballot; and
1170:
1158:
331:
166:
1382:
council which has declared itself by resolution to be a town council. If another type of local council, such as a
724:
Municipal councils are parliamentary bodies established in local authorities in accordance with Article 93 of the
2096:
898:
873:
238:
2261:
1991:
1852:
1729:, and by the nature of the statutory authority given to it by state law, city charter, or municipal ordinance.
1722:
1487:
1075:
930:
682:
302:
1367:
In the United Kingdom, not all cities have city councils, and the status and functions of city councils vary.
313:
1545:
1275:
1260:
1200:
970:
713:
697:
530:
442:
432:
2007:
Sections 8 and 9 of Article XVIII provide the procedures for adoption and amendment of a municipal charter.
848:
Last regional elections of local public administration held in Bălți in June 2007, brought to the power the
2216:
1872:
1726:
966:
760:
673:
650:
624:
17:
1394:) then the council is often a 'borough council': borough status is however conferred at the discretion of
2400:
1829:
1222:
567:
In spite of enormous differences in populations, each of the communes of the French Republic possesses a
1640:
City councils and town boards generally consist of several (usually somewhere between 5 and 51) elected
1905:
1525:
1502:
856:
mayor elections had to be repeated three times, because of the low rate of participation. As a result,
785:
749:
600:
580:
558:
485:
473:
467:
2255:
2074:
1753:
1479:
1448:
1379:
1375:
1131:
1105:
703:
255:
2050:
city councils were common in the United States until the 20th century, when many were abolished for
2080:
1761:
1521:
1306:
1264:
1194:
1178:
138:
1718:
style legislative body, proposing bills, holding votes, and passing laws to help govern the city.
2446:
2294:
2145:
2128:
1513:
has a parish council, but it is known as the City of Durham Parish Council, not the city council.
1495:
1491:
1483:
1283:
1230:
1166:
1034:
919:
604:
291:
170:
147:
1245:
2441:
2063:
1909:
1506:
1472:
1350:
1295:
1234:
1174:
1109:
338:
1699:. In larger cities the council may elect other executive positions as well, such as a council
1401:
Civil parishes are the most local level in the local government system. The higher levels are
1233:
head the town councils of their constituencies. Town councils boundaries do not correspond to
2181:
2092:
1287:
1215:
1162:
991:
733:
725:
390:
1924:
The charter of the Official Ballot Town Council is required by law to specify specifically:
1237:
boundaries; different parts of the same HDB town may be managed by different town councils.
2122:
2086:
1769:
1711:
1603:
1565:
1537:
1464:
1402:
1383:
1318:
1314:
1299:
1042:
248:
196:
123:
118:
103:
2016:
1987:
976:
New Zealand's local government structural arrangements were significantly reformed by the
8:
1715:
1614:
1429:
1310:
1291:
1279:
1249:
1113:
1100:, all municipalities have their own municipal council, and these are officially called: "
538:
133:
108:
40:
2375:
2325:
1996:
792:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
393:. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a
2233:
2150:
2058:
legislatures. Typically, bicameral city councils were divided into Common Councils and
1848:
1733:
1704:
1342:
1154:
as cities, each with a city council, having the same status in law as county councils.
1006:
737:
729:
658:
208:
113:
1721:
The role of the mayor in the council varies depending on whether or not the city uses
857:
2115:
1855:. City ordinances are presumed to be legal unless challenged and set aside in court.
1610:
1584:
1444:
1406:
1334:
1101:
1091:
838:
642:
592:
441:, the exact definition of a city council varies. However, it is generally only those
2010:
1749:
1046:
630:
2234:"Regulamentul privind constituirea și funcționarea Consiliului municipal Chișinău"
449:
Some of the urban areas of Australia are governed mostly by a single entity (e.g.
2015:
Ohio Revised code allows for a system with no Mayor and strong council, known as
1684:
1510:
1437:
665:
584:
572:
128:
66:
2176:
2171:
2051:
1779:
1517:
678:
568:
518:
2021:
2435:
2280:
2055:
1885:
1835:
1557:
1199:
In Singapore, town councils are in charge of maintaining the common areas of
861:
814:
620:
502:
61:
49:
2031:
1964:
majority vote is required to approve bonds or notes, with the default being
2376:"Municipal Report: Organization of City and Village Government in Michigan"
2047:
1844:
1839:
1817:
1738:
1688:
1014:
496:
399:
386:
176:
54:
2062:, to reflect the structure of federal and state legislatures. The city of
1748:
In some cities a different name for the municipal legislature is used. In
1443:
Historically the term 'town council' was used for the governing body of a
2089:– nine-member Board of Aldermen; 16-member House of Delegates (1890–1896)
1893:
1696:
1632:
1139:
1097:
962:
669:
638:
382:
228:
84:
74:
33:
997:
Under the current law, the minimum population for a new city is 50,000.
2423:
2190:
2154:
2027:
1806:
1765:
1742:
1645:
1520:
that has been granted city status (of which there is only one example:
933: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
818:
454:
220:
192:
94:
2398:
1648:. In the United States, members of city councils are typically called
2312:
2134:
1901:
1613:, with limited functions, that have been granted city status such as
1398:. There is also the London assembly which is City council by default
1395:
1391:
1214:
The rationale was to delegate the duties of estate management to the
1208:
1204:
1147:
654:
156:
965:
do vary in structure, but are overseen by the government department
908:
629:
Established as the Sanitary Board in 1883, the Municipal Council in
280:
2424:
Petitions being an important citizen tool in Glasgow's City Council
2186:
2083:– 11-member Board of Aldermen; 30-member Common Council (1848–1948)
2059:
1940:
Applicability of the official ballot procedure to special elections
1864:
1680:
1641:
1571:
The three cities which are not council areas have no city council.
1433:
1151:
1038:
1013:), literally municipal board, is the highest governing body of the
822:
514:
450:
204:
1741:
mayor in the absence of the mayor. This position is also known as
1052:
The municipal council dates back to 1837 with the creation of the
2289:
2196:
1897:
1813:
1790:
1417:
1371:
1330:
826:
810:
641:) provided municipal services to the covered regions in the then
634:
2118:, lowest tier of local government in England, Scotland and Wales
1928:
Which budgetary items to be included on the official ballot; and
1440:' is commonly used to designate the leader of the town council.
1256:
1143:
1135:
1018:
161:
78:
2285:"Measures to Protect Interests of Residents of Town Councils"
2158:
1676:
1580:
1425:
1387:
1022:
688:
Both of the Municipal Councils in Hong Kong are now defunct.
987:
As a result, the term "city" began to take on two meanings.
2022:
City of Kent, Ohio Mayor Title Only for Ceremonial Purposes
1983:
1775:
1692:
27:
Legislative body of a municipality or local government area
2326:"Article XVIII, Section 3 - Ohio Constitution | Ohio Laws"
1896:
and executive body of the town. The town is governed by a
1871:
that are governed by village councils, which is a form of
1805:
Indiana town councils work in conjunction with an elected
1583:, where the lowest tier of local government is known as a
2373:
2348:
2283:, Minister for National Development (3 March 2014).
1056:. In cities, the council is often called a city council (
2099:
and the City Council until the board's abolition in 1989
1820:. These employees serve at the pleasure of the council.
1267:. Members of the councils are elected through municipal
1108:
have a similar but separate form of legislature called "
1203:(HDB) flats and estates, such as the common corridors,
563:
List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants
1752:, for example, it is known as the City Commission. In
437:
Because of the differences in legislation between the
2253:
1798:
times a candidate may run for re-election to office.
1509:. These councils have limited functions. The city of
984:
were amalgamated to create 87 new local authorities.
982:
approximately 700 councils and special purpose bodies
664:
The counterpart of the Municipal Council serving the
1116:. Members of city councils are called "councilors".
1037:
too, but very rare that they also hold legislative (
605:
the city police is in the hands of the central state
495:
Township councils in Ontario play a similar role as
305:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
878:In the Netherlands, the municipal council (Dutch:
657:. All members of the council were elected through
1931:A finalisation process for the annual budget; and
1683:; in others, the mayor is the city's independent
1378:, "town council" is the specific name given to a
1225:boundaries. A town council area can consist of a
860:(Liberal Party), won the last mayor elections in
788:may be compromised due to out-of-date information
2433:
1679:is a voting member of the council who serves as
1636:A city council chambers in Fullerton, California
649:, the council was disbanded in 1999 by the then
2399:Legislative Council, State of Michigan (2019).
1915:
850:Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova
813:is the governing body in five municipalities:
2279:
1556:A city council is the council of one of four
256:
2228:
2226:
2224:
1768:constitution requires each county to have a
1668:, while in Canada they are typically called
1221:Town councils boundaries are drawn based on
1029:) and is divided into an executive council (
2199:(City Government-Village Board of Trustees)
1816:workers, park and recreation employees and
1126:Local government in the Republic of Ireland
2103:Board of Aldermen of the City of St. Louis
1544:the other four cities form parts of wider
1505:that has been granted city status such as
1482:that has been granted city status such as
263:
249:
2401:"General Law Village Act (Act 3) of 1895"
2254:Republic Act No. 7160 (1991-10-10),
2221:
1562:Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994
1386:authority, covers a single town (such as
949:Learn how and when to remove this message
365:Learn how and when to remove this message
2351:"Chapter 3: Duties of Village Officials"
1944:The charter also must specify whether a
1631:
1540:is now the only city council. Since the
1244:
2141:Village council (Palestinian Authority)
2095:– a quasi-bicameral arrangement of the
1892:is an elected body which serves as the
1070:Village council (Palestinian Authority)
655:Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
14:
2434:
2313:Cap. 329A, 2000 Rev. Ed.
1209:Cap. 329A, 2000 Rev. Ed.
1119:
647:Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong
2247:
1710:The council generally functions as a
1628:Local government in the United States
1134:restyled the five county boroughs of
1548:and do not have their own councils.
931:adding citations to reliable sources
902:
769:
547:Shanghai Municipal People's Congress
303:adding citations to reliable sources
274:
2193:(can be submitted to city councils)
2017:Section 705.51 | City manager plan.
1532:
1363:City councils in the United Kingdom
1259:, a municipal council represents a
24:
2374:Michigan Municipal League (2019).
2349:Michigan Municipal League (2015).
543:direct-administered municipalities
25:
2458:
2236:(in Romanian). Chișinău Town Hall
2121:Rural Council, a former name for
1356:
1227:Group Representation Constituency
1183:Waterford City and County Council
1879:
1823:
1621:
1542:local government reforms of 2015
1171:Limerick City and County Council
1159:Local Government Reform Act 2014
907:
774:
661:by the time of the dissolution.
529:Municipal councils exist in the
279:
2417:
2290:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
2097:New York City Board of Estimate
2042:
918:needs additional citations for
899:Local government in New Zealand
874:Municipal council (Netherlands)
290:needs additional citations for
2392:
2367:
2342:
2318:
2305:
2273:
2210:
1490:and some share functions with
1085:
1076:Palestinian National Authority
892:
867:
13:
1:
2257:Local Government Code of 1991
2203:
1900:, which is allowed under the
1594:One of the three councils of
1486:. Some of these councils are
1201:Housing and Development Board
698:Municipal governance in India
433:Local government in Australia
1916:Official Ballot Town Council
1271:held every four–five years.
1188:
1063:
967:Local Government New Zealand
761:Local government in Malaysia
716:acts as the governing body.
625:Regional Council (Hong Kong)
614:
426:
7:
2165:
2054:purposes and replaced with
1858:
1847:; the executive board is a
1830:Government of Massachusetts
1551:
978:Local Government Commission
754:
535:Municipal People's Congress
509:
10:
2463:
1997:Section 7 of Article XVIII
1906:New Hampshire Constitution
1827:
1785:
1723:council–manager government
1625:
1526:City of London Corporation
1454:
1360:
1324:
1192:
1123:
1089:
1067:
896:
871:
837:). The Municipal Council (
765:
758:
750:Municipal council (Jordan)
747:
701:
695:
618:
559:Municipal council (France)
556:
533:, these are designated as
531:People's Republic of China
490:
486:Local government in Canada
483:
472:There are currently seven
468:Local government in Belize
465:
430:
2109:
2075:Philadelphia City Council
1869:257 incorporated villages
1560:designated a City by the
1480:non-metropolitan district
1376:Local Government Act 1972
1240:
1132:Local Government Act 2001
1000:
809:The Municipal Council in
743:
704:Municipal council (India)
552:
479:
461:
1762:consolidated city-county
1727:mayor–council government
1695:power over city council
1574:
1522:Westminster City Council
1195:Town Council (Singapore)
1179:Waterford County Council
719:
691:
524:
139:International parliament
2311:Town Councils Act (
2146:Rural Council (Ukraine)
2129:Rural Community Council
1977:
1910:RSA 49-D:3 I. (a) – (e)
1598:that have been granted
1590:A city council may be:
1496:Portsmouth City Council
1484:Winchester City Council
1459:A city council may be:
1284:New Taipei City Council
1167:Limerick County Council
1005:The municipal council (
474:town councils in Belize
239:Legislatures by country
148:Parliamentary procedure
2081:Worcester City Council
2064:Everett, Massachusetts
2040:
2005:
1988:No review of Contracts
1637:
1507:Salisbury City Council
1473:Liverpool City Council
1467:that has been granted
1351:Chernihiv City Council
1296:Kaohsiung City Council
1276:special municipalities
1252:
1175:Waterford City Council
1110:Sangguniang Panlungsod
1010:
728:and Article 89 of the
588:
576:
443:local government areas
2182:Municipal corporation
2093:New York City Council
2036:
2034:of Government which:
2001:
1992:checks & balances
1828:Further information:
1760:; San Francisco is a
1756:, it is known as the
1635:
1465:metropolitan district
1288:Taichung City Council
1248:
1216:members of parliament
1163:Limerick City Council
726:Constitution of Japan
714:Municipal Corporation
702:Further information:
557:Further information:
539:sub-provincial cities
391:local government area
2262:The Official Gazette
2123:Sangguniang Barangay
2087:Seattle City Council
1770:Board of Supervisors
1758:Board of Supervisors
1675:In some cities, the
1604:Newport City Council
1566:Glasgow City Council
1538:Belfast City Council
1339:Kharkiv City Council
1319:Keelung City Council
1315:Hsinchu City Council
1300:Taoyuan City Council
1261:special municipality
1054:Formannskabsdistrikt
927:improve this article
591:), which manage the
299:improve this article
197:Member of Parliament
124:Member of parliament
119:Parliamentary leader
104:Parliamentary system
2177:Municipal elections
2105:– from 1877 to 1915
1999:reads as follows:
1615:Bangor City Council
1488:unitary authorities
1311:Chiayi City Council
1292:Tainan City Council
1280:Taipei City Council
1250:Taipei City Council
1223:electoral districts
1120:Republic of Ireland
1114:Manila City Council
843:Consiliul municipal
738:Osaka City Councils
314:"Municipal council"
109:Parliamentary group
2151:Rural Municipality
2070:Examples include:
2060:Boards of Aldermen
1849:board of selectmen
1638:
1611:community councils
1343:Odesa City Council
1253:
961:Local councils in
730:Local Autonomy Act
659:universal suffrage
209:Member of Congress
2116:Community council
1904:provision of the
1834:Town councils in
1609:One of the three
1516:The council of a
1494:councils such as
1478:The council of a
1463:The council of a
1445:municipal borough
1347:Lviv City Council
1335:Kyiv City Council
1307:provincial cities
1305:Councils for the
1274:Councils for the
1257:Republic of China
1102:Sangguniang Bayan
1092:Sangguniang Bayan
959:
958:
951:
839:Moldovan language
807:
806:
643:British Hong Kong
589:conseil municipal
581:municipal council
421:board of aldermen
409:community council
379:municipal council
375:
374:
367:
349:
273:
272:
217:Municipal council
16:(Redirected from
2454:
2426:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2405:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2380:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2355:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2322:
2316:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2297:. Archived from
2277:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2230:
2219:
2217:地方議会(2022-11-25)
2214:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1853:Attorney General
1838:are essentially
1782:with no council
1750:Portland, Oregon
1732:There is also a
1533:Northern Ireland
1080:village councils
1047:leave of absence
1045:office, without
954:
947:
943:
940:
934:
911:
903:
802:
799:
793:
786:factual accuracy
778:
777:
770:
674:Regional Council
631:Hong Kong Island
383:legislative body
370:
363:
359:
356:
350:
348:
307:
283:
275:
265:
258:
251:
231:(States-General)
30:
29:
21:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2456:
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2432:
2431:
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2418:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2397:
2393:
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2378:
2372:
2368:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2347:
2343:
2334:
2332:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2310:
2306:
2278:
2274:
2266:
2264:
2252:
2248:
2239:
2237:
2232:
2231:
2222:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2168:
2131:, Great Britain
2112:
2045:
2024:
2014:
2008:
1980:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1945:
1918:
1882:
1861:
1832:
1826:
1788:
1685:chief executive
1630:
1624:
1596:principal areas
1577:
1554:
1535:
1457:
1365:
1359:
1327:
1265:provincial city
1243:
1197:
1191:
1128:
1122:
1094:
1088:
1072:
1066:
1035:county councils
1003:
955:
944:
938:
935:
924:
912:
901:
895:
887:executive board
876:
870:
858:Dorin Chirtoacă
829:(also known as
803:
797:
794:
791:
783:This article's
779:
775:
768:
763:
757:
752:
746:
722:
706:
700:
694:
683:district boards
666:New Territories
651:Chief Executive
637:(including the
627:
619:Main articles:
617:
565:
555:
527:
512:
493:
488:
482:
470:
464:
458:and resources.
435:
429:
417:village council
371:
360:
354:
351:
308:
306:
296:
284:
269:
89:
67:Multicameralism
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2460:
2450:
2449:
2447:Municipalities
2444:
2428:
2427:
2416:
2391:
2366:
2341:
2330:codes.ohio.gov
2317:
2304:
2301:on 2016-03-04.
2272:
2246:
2220:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2194:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2172:County council
2167:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2132:
2126:
2119:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2100:
2090:
2084:
2078:
2044:
2041:
2023:
2020:
1979:
1976:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1917:
1914:
1881:
1878:
1860:
1857:
1825:
1822:
1787:
1784:
1780:pure democracy
1650:council member
1626:Main article:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1607:
1576:
1573:
1553:
1550:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1518:London borough
1514:
1503:parish council
1499:
1476:
1456:
1453:
1361:Main article:
1358:
1357:United Kingdom
1355:
1326:
1323:
1309:in Taiwan are
1278:in Taiwan are
1242:
1239:
1193:Main article:
1190:
1187:
1124:Main article:
1121:
1118:
1090:Main article:
1087:
1084:
1068:Main article:
1065:
1062:
1002:
999:
957:
956:
915:
913:
906:
897:Main article:
894:
891:
872:Main article:
869:
866:
805:
804:
782:
780:
773:
767:
764:
759:Main article:
756:
753:
748:Main article:
745:
742:
740:are examples.
721:
718:
696:Main article:
693:
690:
679:constituencies
616:
613:
554:
551:
526:
523:
511:
508:
492:
489:
484:Main article:
481:
478:
466:Main article:
463:
460:
431:Main article:
428:
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373:
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287:
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225:
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213:
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201:
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187:
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164:
159:
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144:
143:
142:
141:
136:
131:
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88:
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82:
71:
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69:
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58:
57:
52:
44:
43:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2459:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2442:City councils
2440:
2439:
2437:
2425:
2420:
2402:
2395:
2377:
2370:
2352:
2345:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2314:
2308:
2300:
2296:
2293:. Singapore:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2282:
2281:Khaw Boon Wan
2276:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2250:
2235:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2125:, Philippines
2124:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2039:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2019:
2018:
2012:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1990:limiting the
1989:
1985:
1975:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1886:New Hampshire
1880:New Hampshire
1877:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1840:city councils
1837:
1836:Massachusetts
1831:
1824:Massachusetts
1821:
1819:
1818:town managers
1815:
1810:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1754:San Francisco
1751:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1734:mayor pro tem
1730:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1712:parliamentary
1708:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1658:council woman
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1634:
1629:
1622:United States
1616:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1558:council areas
1549:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1497:
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1485:
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1477:
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1466:
1462:
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1423:
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1414:
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1408:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1352:
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1340:
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1332:
1322:
1320:
1316:
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1308:
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1301:
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1289:
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1281:
1277:
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1266:
1262:
1258:
1251:
1247:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
998:
995:
993:
988:
985:
983:
980:in 1989 when
979:
974:
972:
968:
964:
953:
950:
942:
932:
928:
922:
921:
916:This section
914:
910:
905:
904:
900:
890:
888:
883:
881:
875:
865:
863:
859:
853:
851:
846:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
801:
798:December 2012
789:
787:
781:
772:
771:
762:
751:
741:
739:
735:
731:
727:
717:
715:
710:
705:
699:
689:
686:
684:
680:
675:
671:
667:
662:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
626:
622:
621:Urban Council
612:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
564:
560:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
522:
520:
516:
507:
505:
504:
503:Municipal Act
498:
497:city councils
487:
477:
475:
469:
459:
456:
452:
447:
444:
440:
434:
424:
422:
418:
414:
413:rural council
410:
406:
402:
401:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
369:
366:
358:
355:November 2023
347:
344:
340:
337:
333:
330:
326:
323:
319:
316: –
315:
311:
310:Find sources:
304:
300:
294:
293:
288:This article
286:
282:
277:
276:
266:
261:
259:
254:
252:
247:
246:
244:
243:
240:
237:
236:
230:
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210:
206:
203:
202:
198:
194:
191:
190:
189:
188:
184:
183:
178:
175:
172:
171:no-confidence
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
154:
153:
152:
149:
146:
145:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
101:
100:
99:
96:
93:
92:
86:
83:
80:
76:
73:
72:
68:
65:
63:
62:Tricameralism
60:
59:
56:
53:
51:
50:Unicameralism
48:
47:
46:
45:
42:
39:
38:
35:
32:
31:
19:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2394:
2382:. Retrieved
2369:
2357:. Retrieved
2344:
2333:. Retrieved
2329:
2320:
2307:
2299:the original
2288:
2275:
2265:, retrieved
2256:
2249:
2238:. Retrieved
2212:
2069:
2052:cost cutting
2046:
2043:Bicameralism
2037:
2032:charter form
2026:The City of
2025:
2006:
2002:
1981:
1943:
1923:
1919:
1890:Town Council
1889:
1883:
1867:, there are
1862:
1845:town meeting
1833:
1811:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1774:
1747:
1731:
1720:
1716:presidential
1709:
1689:strong mayor
1674:
1669:
1666:councilwoman
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1589:
1578:
1570:
1555:
1536:
1458:
1442:
1436:, the term '
1415:
1400:
1380:civil parish
1374:, since the
1369:
1366:
1328:
1304:
1273:
1254:
1220:
1213:
1198:
1161:amalgamated
1156:
1129:
1095:
1078:established
1073:
1057:
1053:
1051:
1030:
1026:
1015:municipality
1011:Kommunestyre
1004:
996:
989:
986:
975:
960:
945:
936:
925:Please help
920:verification
917:
884:
880:gemeenteraad
879:
877:
854:
847:
842:
834:
830:
808:
795:
784:
723:
711:
707:
687:
663:
628:
609:
596:
566:
545:such as the
534:
528:
513:
506:of Ontario.
501:
494:
471:
448:
436:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:town council
398:
395:city council
394:
387:municipality
378:
376:
361:
352:
342:
335:
328:
321:
309:
297:Please help
292:verification
289:
216:
177:Mass meeting
55:Bicameralism
18:City council
2191:E-petitions
1894:legislative
1697:legislation
1654:council man
1646:councillors
1600:city status
1469:city status
1098:Philippines
1086:Philippines
1031:formannskap
963:New Zealand
893:New Zealand
868:Netherlands
732:, etc. The
670:New Kowloon
668:(excluding
639:New Kowloon
229:The Estates
85:Lower house
75:Upper house
34:Legislature
2436:Categories
2409:January 3,
2384:January 2,
2359:January 3,
2335:2023-12-09
2295:Parliament
2267:2023-12-18
2240:2012-12-18
2204:References
2155:Gaunpalika
2056:unicameral
2028:Kent, Ohio
1873:weak–mayor
1807:town clerk
1766:California
1743:vice mayor
1670:councillor
1662:councilman
1524:), or the
1447:until the
1231:Parliament
1205:void decks
1043:Government
712:In cities
672:) was the
455:Queensland
453:and other
405:town board
325:newspapers
221:Councillor
193:Parliament
95:Parliament
2187:Petitions
2135:Selsoviet
2048:Bicameral
1902:home rule
1701:president
1585:community
1546:districts
1396:the Crown
1392:Stevenage
1269:elections
1189:Singapore
1148:Waterford
1064:Palestine
1007:Norwegian
615:Hong Kong
601:city hall
595:from the
427:Australia
157:Committee
2166:See also
2011:Title 7
1865:Michigan
1859:Michigan
1764:and the
1681:chairman
1642:aldermen
1602:such as
1564:such as
1552:Scotland
1471:such as
1449:1972 Act
1434:Scotland
1403:district
1384:district
1235:new town
1181:to form
1169:to form
1152:Limerick
1039:Storting
1027:ordfører
992:Gisborne
939:May 2016
862:Chișinău
823:Tiraspol
815:Chișinău
755:Malaysia
734:Yokohama
579:) and a
537:in many
515:Manitoba
510:Manitoba
451:Brisbane
205:Congress
41:Chambers
2197:Trustee
1969:⁄
1959:⁄
1949:⁄
1898:charter
1814:utility
1791:Indiana
1786:Indiana
1705:speaker
1691:) with
1455:England
1438:provost
1418:borough
1407:unitary
1372:England
1331:Ukraine
1325:Ukraine
1255:In the
1096:In the
1058:bystyre
831:Tighina
827:Bendery
811:Moldova
766:Moldova
635:Kowloon
593:commune
491:Ontario
381:is the
339:scholar
114:Speaker
2110:Others
2030:has a
1888:, the
1739:acting
1511:Durham
1492:county
1411:county
1317:, and
1241:Taiwan
1173:, and
1150:, and
1144:Galway
1136:Dublin
1106:Cities
1019:Norway
1001:Norway
835:Bender
744:Jordan
597:mairie
585:French
573:French
553:France
480:Canada
462:Belize
439:states
341:
334:
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