45:
481:
72:
1843:
1866:
347:
371:
499:
1855:
241:
and branches four or five times in a dichotomous, fan-like manner. The morphology is highly variable, especially the broadness of the thalli. The branches are 2–15 mm broad and firm in texture, and the color ranges from bright green towards the surface of the water, to deep red at greater
279:
to southern Spain. It is found on the
Atlantic coasts of Canada and recorded from California in the United States to Japan. However, any distribution outside the Northern Atlantic needs to be verified. There are also other species of the same genus in the Pacific Ocean, for example,
1403:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
209:
coasts of Europe and North
America. In its fresh condition it is soft and cartilaginous, varying in color from a greenish-yellow, through red, to a dark purple or purplish-brown. The principal constituent is a mucilaginous body, made of the polysaccharide
471:
to produce haploid tetraspores (which can be male or female) that develop into gametophytes. The three stages (male, female, and sporophyte) are difficult to distinguish when they are not fertile; however, the gametophytes often show a blue iridescence.
1161:
Hu, Z., Critchley, A.T., Gao T, Zeng X, Morrell, S.L. and Delin, D. 2007 Delineation of
Chondrus (Gigartinales, Florideophyceae) in China and the origin of C. crisps inferred from molecular data. Marine Biology Research, 3:
1402:
1017:
Chandler, Chris J.; Wilts, Bodo D.; Vignolini, Silvia; Brodie, Juliet; Steiner, Ullrich; Rudall, Paula J.; Glover, Beverley J.; Gregory, Thomas; Walker, Rachel H. (3 July 2015).
1382:
463:- is formed on the female gametophyte after fertilization. The male and female gametophytes produce gametes which fuse to form a diploid carposporophyte, which forms
925:
1536:
214:, which constitutes 55% of its dry weight. The organism also consists of nearly 10% dry weight protein and about 15% dry weight mineral matter, and is rich in
2025:
2077:
256:(Stackhouse) Guiry is a similar species which can be readily distinguished by its strongly channelled and often somewhat twisted thalli.
1320:
1410:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
1540:
1999:
1374:
961:. The genes are clustered together, with normally short distances between genes and then large distances between groups of genes.
2051:
1567:
1530:
1521:
2187:
2090:
1415:
1146:
1117:
1083:
2056:
1429:
1180:
1986:
1001:
1225:
LéVesque, C.André; De Cock, Arthur W.A.M. (December 2004). "Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus
Pythium".
222:. When softened in water it has a sea-like odour. Because of the abundant cell wall polysaccharides, it will form a
2139:
1109:
421:, which are all commonly found growing together. Carrageenan may be extracted from tropical seaweeds of the genera
378:
might look in nature: The gametophytes show blue iridescence and the fertile sporophytes exhibit a spotty pattern.
44:
2082:
237:
is a relatively small sea alga, reaching up to a little more than 20 cm in length. It grows from a discoid
2064:
921:
1370:
1138:
2038:
1947:
1560:
1952:
1925:
912:
175:
323:
into the subtidal zone, all the way to the ocean floor. It is able to survive with minimal sunlight.
2177:
2144:
445:
lifecycle common in many species of algae (see figure below). The two distinct stages are the sexual
442:
267:
is common all around the shores of
Ireland and can also be found along the coast of Europe including
71:
1939:
1793:
1777:
1516:
2121:
1782:
1194:"A pathogen of New Zealand Pyropia plicata (Bangiales, Rhodophyta), Pythium porphyrae (Oomycota)"
850:
506:
spp. can have a morphology similar to the
Haeckel plate; however, this is rarely seen in nature.
2172:
2030:
1887:
1870:
1732:
1553:
1106:
Seaweeds of the
British Isles. Vol. 1 Rhodophyta Part 1: Introduction, Nemaliales, Gigartinales
811:
2167:
2131:
1707:
1335:
Bixler, H. J.; Porse, H. (2011). "A decade of change in the seaweed hydrocolloids industry".
824:
486:
252:
159:
58:
2108:
397:
or E407a. It may also be used as a thickener in calico printing and paper marbling, and for
1960:
1586:
1467:
1030:
837:
1314:
8:
2182:
1757:
1683:
1668:
1648:
1638:
957:
and is coding for 9,606 genes. It is characterised by relatively few genes with very few
924:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
1815:
1471:
1287:
1034:
1752:
1737:
1490:
1451:
1352:
1266:
1076:
Botany of the Faröes based upon Danish investigations Part II (Copenhagen
Reprint 1970)
1051:
1018:
863:
791:
605:
238:
66:
1825:
2103:
1598:
1495:
1421:
1411:
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1242:
1176:
1142:
1113:
1079:
1056:
997:
876:
676:
480:
334:
1356:
1270:
941:, is well-investigated scientifically. It has been used as a model species to study
1678:
1643:
1485:
1475:
1344:
1234:
1205:
1046:
1038:
971:
693:
992:
Sadava, David; Heller, Craig; Orians, Gordon; Purves, Bill; Hillis, David (2008).
1702:
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954:
460:
106:
27:
2069:
1910:
1847:
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1663:
1618:
1405:
1210:
1193:
950:
942:
206:
86:
1348:
1238:
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1805:
1800:
1576:
1309:
1254:
1246:
561:
320:
272:
126:
1991:
1480:
2043:
1747:
1727:
1712:
1633:
1499:
1425:
1262:
1060:
946:
889:
537:
116:
1369:
2116:
2012:
1919:
1859:
1772:
1623:
521:
449:
423:
386:
363:
247:
243:
211:
1324:. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 795.
250:
at the tip of the fronds and fertile sporophytes show a spotty pattern.
2004:
1787:
1762:
1717:
710:
659:
464:
456:
276:
2017:
1042:
389:
commonly used as a thickener and stabilizer in milk products, such as
346:
1973:
1934:
1820:
1767:
1658:
1603:
769:
756:
743:
390:
202:
96:
1881:
1192:
Diehl, Nora; Kim, Gwang Hoon; Zuccarello, Giuseppe C. (March 2017).
498:
467:, which develops into the sporophyte. The sporophyte then undergoes
1904:
1688:
1673:
429:
370:
330:
136:
1978:
226:
when boiled, containing from 20 to 100 times its weight of water.
1810:
1313:
996:(8th ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. p. 601.
938:
639:
468:
453:
446:
418:
398:
359:
355:
268:
223:
2095:
1545:
1965:
1722:
1653:
958:
726:
219:
215:
1103:
1692:
1613:
551:
1854:
1452:"Genome structure and metabolic features in the red seaweed
1016:
1608:
394:
354:: Below the life stages are indicated if the life stage is
20:
1396:
1375:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
1290:. PubChem, US National Library of Medicine. 9 January 2021
581:
991:
1135:
1099:
1097:
1095:
319:
is found growing on rock from the middle intertidal
205:
which grows abundantly along the rocky parts of the
393:and processed foods. In Europe, it is indicated as
19:"Sea moss" redirects here. Not to be confused with
1407:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
1191:
1092:
1074:F. Börgesen (1903). "Marine Algae of the Faröes".
801:
649:
484:The portion of the 65th plate of Ernst Haeckel's
2159:
1460:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1224:
1456:shed light on evolution of the Archaeplastida"
1363:
953:was sequenced in 2013. The genome size is 105
516:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
1561:
1155:
1535:Irish Moss industry on Prince Edward Island
1132:
1334:
1073:
30:, a flowering plant also called Irish Moss.
1568:
1554:
1371:United States Food and Drug Administration
1282:
1280:
1067:
43:
1489:
1479:
1209:
1050:
401:beer. Irish moss is frequently used with
1308:
1126:
497:
479:
459:stage. In addition, a third stage - the
369:
345:
1277:
1218:
1104:P. S. Dixon & L. M. Irvine (1977).
1019:"Structural colour in Chondrus crispus"
2160:
1449:
475:
1886:
1885:
1549:
329:is susceptible to infection from the
1185:
13:
14:
2199:
1575:
1510:
1173:Marine Algae of Northern Ireland.
502:When cultured in the laboratory,
201:, "little rock")—is a species of
1865:
1864:
1853:
1841:
1110:British Museum (Natural History)
70:
1531:Marine Life Information Network
1450:Collén, J; et al. (2013).
1443:
1432:from the original on 2024-05-09
1385:from the original on 2024-03-27
1328:
1302:
436:
259:
1165:
1078:. Linnaeus Press. p. 35.
1010:
985:
246:(see below) often show a blue
229:
1:
2188:Taxa named by John Stackhouse
978:
1337:Journal of Applied Phycology
1139:University of Michigan Press
994:Life: The Science of Biology
949:, and stress responses. The
920:Percentages estimated using
490:(1904), depicting Florideae
7:
1522:Chondrus crispus Stackhouse
1517:AlgaeBase: Chondrus crispus
964:
913:Link to USDA Database entry
385:is an industrial source of
10:
2204:
1211:10.4490/algae.2017.32.2.25
526:205 kJ (49 kcal)
411:Chondracanthus acicularis
311:
25:
18:
1894:
1836:
1594:
1583:
1349:10.1007/s10811-010-9529-3
1239:10.1017/S0953756204001431
937:, compared to most other
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443:alternation of generation
165:
158:
67:Scientific classification
65:
51:
42:
37:
1778:Timoleague Brown Pudding
441:Irish moss undergoes an
26:Not to be confused with
1871:Category: Irish cuisine
1481:10.1073/pnas.1221259110
1321:Encyclopædia Britannica
922:US recommendations
511:Seaweed, irishmoss, raw
341:
1733:Northern Irish cuisine
1541:Sea Moss Market Report
926:the National Academies
507:
495:
452:stage and the asexual
379:
374:How the lifecycles of
367:
16:Species of edible alga
1133:W. R. Taylor (1972).
624:Vitamins and minerals
501:
487:Kunstformen der Natur
483:
403:Mastocarpus stellatus
373:
362:(2n) and the type of
349:
300:(Harvey) Okamura and
253:Mastocarpus stellatus
59:Mastocarpus stellatus
1587:List of Irish dishes
1227:Mycological Research
1758:Sneem Black Pudding
1713:Irish Lumper potato
1669:Connemara Hill Lamb
1649:Clare Island Salmon
1639:Chicken fillet roll
1472:2013PNAS..110.5247C
1035:2015NatSR...511645C
694:Pantothenic acid (B
512:
476:Scientific interest
407:Gigartina mamillosa
1848:Ireland portal
1753:Skirts and kidneys
1738:Oriel Sea Minerals
1315:"Irish Moss"
1171:Morton, O. 1994.
1023:Scientific Reports
510:
508:
496:
380:
368:
2155:
2154:
2104:Open Tree of Life
1888:Taxon identifiers
1879:
1878:
1684:Dublin Bay prawns
1599:Bacon and cabbage
1466:(13): 5247–5252.
1417:978-0-309-48834-1
1233:(12): 1363–1383.
1148:978-0-472-04904-2
1119:978-0-565-00781-2
1085:978-90-6105-011-7
1043:10.1038/srep11645
932:
931:
905:
904:
494:, i.e. Irish moss
350:The lifecycle of
335:Pythium porphyrae
189:—commonly called
182:
181:
2195:
2178:Flora of Jamaica
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2070:NHMSYS0021060157
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492:Chondrus crispus
317:Chondrus crispus
304:(Harvey) Yamada
265:Chondrus crispus
235:Chondrus crispus
195:carrageenan moss
186:Chondrus crispus
171:
169:Chondrus crispus
75:
74:
54:Chondrus crispus
47:
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1908:
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1860:Food portal
1852:
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1794:Irish breakfast
1703:Imokilly Regato
1590:
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461:carposporophyte
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151:C. crispus
107:Florideophyceae
69:
31:
28:Sagina subulata
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17:
12:
11:
5:
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1743:Oriel Sea Salt
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1720:
1715:
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1664:Comber Earlies
1661:
1656:
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1636:
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1629:Carrageen moss
1626:
1621:
1619:Breakfast roll
1616:
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1511:External links
1509:
1506:
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1362:
1343:(3): 321–335.
1327:
1312:, ed. (1911).
1310:Chisholm, Hugh
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1175:Ulster Museum
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951:nuclear genome
945:, carrageenan
943:photosynthesis
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2173:Gigartinaceae
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1806:White pudding
1804:
1802:
1801:Black pudding
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1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1708:Irish cheeses
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:(Packet) and
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1582:
1578:
1577:Irish cuisine
1571:
1566:
1564:
1559:
1557:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1455:
1446:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1399:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1331:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1311:
1305:
1289:
1283:
1281:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1221:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1188:
1182:
1181:0 900761 28 8
1178:
1174:
1168:
1158:
1150:
1144:
1141:, Ann Arbor.
1140:
1136:
1129:
1121:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1087:
1081:
1077:
1070:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1013:
1005:
1003:9780716776710
999:
995:
988:
984:
974:
973:
969:
968:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
927:
923:
918:
914:
908:
900:
893:
891:
887:
880:
878:
874:
867:
865:
861:
854:
852:
848:
841:
839:
835:
828:
826:
822:
815:
813:
809:
804:
799:
796:
794:
793:
788:
784:
780:
773:
771:
767:
760:
758:
754:
747:
745:
741:
734:
732:
724:
717:
715:
708:
701:
699:
691:
684:
682:
674:
667:
665:
660:Riboflavin (B
657:
652:
647:
644:
642:
641:
636:
632:
628:
621:
617:
611:
608:
607:
601:
597:
593:
587:
584:
583:
577:
573:
569:
565:
563:
562:Dietary fiber
559:
555:
553:
549:
543:
540:
539:
538:Carbohydrates
533:
529:
525:
523:
519:
514:
505:
500:
493:
489:
488:
482:
473:
470:
466:
462:
458:
455:
451:
448:
444:
434:
432:
431:
426:
425:
420:
417:), and other
416:
415:G. acicularis
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
377:
372:
365:
361:
357:
353:
348:
339:
337:
336:
332:
328:
324:
322:
318:
309:
307:
303:
299:
298:C. pinnulatus
295:
291:
287:
286:C. nipponicus
283:
278:
274:
273:Faroe Islands
270:
266:
257:
255:
254:
249:
245:
240:
236:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
187:
177:
172:
170:
164:
161:
160:Binomial name
157:
153:
152:
147:
144:
143:
140:
139:
135:
132:
131:
128:
127:Gigartinaceae
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
73:
68:
64:
61:
60:
55:
50:
46:
41:
36:
33:
29:
22:
2168:Edible algae
1895:
1792:
1783:Three-in-One
1748:Potato bread
1728:Limerick ham
1628:
1585:
1524:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1445:
1434:. Retrieved
1406:
1398:
1387:. Retrieved
1378:
1365:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1319:
1304:
1292:. Retrieved
1288:"Carageenan"
1230:
1226:
1220:
1204:(1): 29–39.
1201:
1197:
1187:
1172:
1167:
1157:
1134:
1128:
1105:
1075:
1069:
1026:
1022:
1012:
993:
987:
970:
947:biosynthesis
934:
933:
802:
797:
790:
650:
645:
638:
604:
580:
536:
503:
491:
485:
440:
437:Life history
428:
422:
414:
410:
406:
402:
382:
381:
375:
351:
333:
326:
325:
316:
315:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
282:C. ocellatus
281:
264:
263:
260:Distribution
251:
244:gametophytes
242:depths. The
234:
233:
198:
194:
190:
185:
184:
183:
168:
166:
150:
149:
137:
117:Gigartinales
80:
57:
56: ; E-F
53:
32:
2117:SeaLifeBase
2013:iNaturalist
1920:Wikispecies
1799:including:
1773:Spiced beef
1624:Brown bread
465:carpospores
450:gametophyte
424:Kappaphycus
387:carrageenan
364:carrageenan
248:iridescence
230:Description
212:carrageenan
38:Irish moss
2183:Demulcents
2162:Categories
1826:Ulster Fry
1821:Fried eggs
1788:Veda bread
1763:Soda bread
1718:Irish stew
1436:2024-06-21
1389:2024-03-28
1294:11 January
979:References
935:C. crispus
864:Phosphorus
457:sporophyte
383:C. crispus
376:C. crispus
352:C. crispus
327:C. crispus
302:C. armatus
277:Baltic Sea
275:, western
191:Irish moss
97:Rhodophyta
93:Division:
1935:AlgaeBase
1768:Spice bag
1659:Colcannon
1604:Barmbrack
1255:358362888
1247:0953-7562
1029:: 11645.
851:Manganese
838:Magnesium
770:Vitamin K
757:Vitamin E
744:Vitamin C
727:Folate (B
711:Vitamin B
677:Niacin (B
391:ice cream
290:C. yendoi
203:red algae
199:carraigĂn
145:Species:
2031:11165340
1911:Q4963539
1905:Wikidata
1811:Sausages
1689:Drisheen
1674:Crubeens
1500:23503846
1430:Archived
1426:30844154
1383:Archived
1373:(2024).
1357:24607698
1271:20561417
1263:15757173
1112:London.
1061:26139470
965:See also
939:seaweeds
798:Quantity
792:Minerals
721:0.069 mg
705:0.176 mg
688:0.593 mg
671:0.466 mg
646:Quantity
640:Vitamins
504:Chondrus
430:Eucheuma
419:seaweeds
366:present.
331:oomycete
308:Mikami.
296:Mikami,
284:Holmes,
239:holdfast
207:Atlantic
138:Chondrus
123:Family:
2132:7202190
2005:5279115
1816:Rashers
1491:3612618
1468:Bibcode
1162:145-154
1052:5155586
1031:Bibcode
959:introns
897:1.95 mg
858:0.37 mg
812:Calcium
764:0.87 mg
606:Protein
545:12.29 g
469:meiosis
454:diploid
447:haploid
360:diploid
358:(n) or
356:haploid
312:Ecology
292:Yamada
288:Yendo,
269:Iceland
197:(Irish
176:Stackh.
133:Genus:
113:Order:
103:Class:
2145:145625
2129:uBio:
2122:114937
2109:878946
2096:145625
2018:130176
1966:963603
1869:
1723:Jambon
1679:Dilisk
1654:Coddle
1498:
1488:
1424:
1414:
1355:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1179:
1145:
1116:
1082:
1059:
1049:
1000:
877:Sodium
871:157 mg
845:144 mg
832:8.9 mg
738:182 ÎĽg
613:1.51 g
589:0.16 g
556:0.61 g
552:Sugars
522:Energy
399:fining
271:, the
220:sulfur
216:iodine
2140:WoRMS
2057:12092
2044:89386
2026:IRMNG
1992:65625
1987:EUNIS
1979:KHDCR
1953:12808
1940:19519
1698:Goody
1693:Tripe
1644:Cider
1634:Champ
1614:Boxty
1353:S2CID
1267:S2CID
1198:Algae
884:61 mg
819:72 mg
566:1.3 g
224:jelly
81:Clade
2091:OBIS
2083:2769
2078:NCBI
2052:ITIS
2000:GBIF
1974:EPPO
1948:BOLD
1609:Blaa
1496:PMID
1422:PMID
1412:ISBN
1296:2021
1259:PMID
1251:OCLC
1243:ISSN
1177:ISBN
1143:ISBN
1114:ISBN
1080:ISBN
1057:PMID
998:ISBN
890:Zinc
825:Iron
777:5 ÎĽg
751:3 mg
427:and
395:E407
342:Uses
321:zone
218:and
52:A-D
21:CMOS
2065:NBN
2039:ISC
1961:EoL
1486:PMC
1476:doi
1464:110
1379:FDA
1345:doi
1235:doi
1231:108
1206:doi
1047:PMC
1039:doi
955:Mbp
895:18%
869:13%
856:16%
843:34%
830:49%
803:%DV
736:46%
669:36%
651:%DV
582:Fat
409:),
193:or
2164::
2142::
2119::
2106::
2093::
2080::
2067::
2054::
2041::
2028::
2015::
2002::
1989::
1976::
1963::
1950::
1937::
1922::
1907::
1494:.
1484:.
1474:.
1462:.
1458:.
1428:.
1420:.
1381:.
1377:.
1351:.
1341:23
1339:.
1318:.
1279:^
1265:.
1257:.
1249:.
1241:.
1229:.
1202:32
1200:.
1196:.
1137:.
1108:.
1094:^
1055:.
1045:.
1037:.
1025:.
1021:.
882:3%
817:6%
775:4%
762:6%
749:3%
719:4%
703:4%
686:4%
433:.
338:.
306:et
294:et
83::
1569:e
1562:t
1555:v
1527:.
1502:.
1478::
1470::
1439:.
1392:.
1359:.
1347::
1298:.
1273:.
1237::
1214:.
1208::
1151:.
1122:.
1088:.
1063:.
1041::
1033::
1027:5
1006:.
928:.
731:)
729:9
713:6
698:)
696:5
681:)
679:3
664:)
662:2
413:(
405:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
