Baltic Sea - Knowledge

2054: 5917: 4678: 11917: 5902: 4589: 2070: 4689: 4263: 4286: 2987: 2417: 4630: 1794: 4308: 3259: 2425: 3579: 3389: 5761: 4656: 4645: 3267: 3275: 5932: 835: 5670: 5086: 5117: 3287:, which is located between the island of Gotland and Latvia. In the deep of these basins the temperature variations are smaller. At the bottom of the Bornholm Basin, deeper than 80 m (260 ft), the temperature typically is 1–10 °C (34–50 °F), and at the bottom of the Gotland Basin, at depths greater than 225 m (738 ft), the temperature typically is 4–7 °C (39–45 °F). Generally, offshore locations, lower latitudes and islands maintain 1982: 5788:). The undersea tunnel of the Øresund Bridge-Tunnel provides for navigation of large ships into and out of the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is the main trade route for the export of Russian petroleum. Many of the countries neighboring the Baltic Sea have been concerned about this since a major oil leak in a seagoing tanker would be disastrous for the Baltic—given the slow exchange of water. The tourism industry surrounding the Baltic Sea is naturally concerned about 3503:, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the saltwater remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along with the western one . 4667: 4296: 5484:, the Arkona Basin (roughly between southeast Zealand and Bornholm) is far richer than other more eastern and northern basins in the Baltic Sea, which all have less than 400 species from these groups, with the exception of the Gulf of Finland with more than 750 species. However, even the most diverse sections of the Baltic Sea have far fewer species than the almost-full saltwater Kattegat, which is home to more than 1600 species from these groups. The lack of 12373: 10302: 3566:. Quite violent, sudden storms sweep the surface ten or more times a year, due to large transient temperature differences and a long reach of the wind. Seasonal winds also cause small changes in sea level, of the order of 0.5 m (1 ft 8 in) . According to the media, during a storm in January 2017, an extreme wave above 14 m (46 ft) has been measured and significant wave height of around 8 m (26 ft) has been measured by the 10682: 10290: 6257: 5469:, two species that are very widespread along European coasts, are both unable to cope with the significantly lower salinity. Their range limit is west of Bornholm, meaning that they are absent from the vast majority of the Baltic Sea. Some marine species, like the Atlantic cod and European flounder, can survive at relatively low salinities but need higher salinities to breed, which therefore occurs in deeper parts of the Baltic Sea. The common 12383: 1239:. Older native names in languages that used to be spoken on the shores of the sea or near it usually indicate the geographical location of the sea (in Germanic languages), or its size in relation to smaller gulfs (in Old Latvian), or tribes associated with it (in Old Russian the sea was known as the Varanghian Sea). In modern languages, it is known by the equivalents of "East Sea", "West Sea", or "Baltic Sea" in different languages: 31: 817: 12363: 3484: 3471:), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbors several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice. 827: 6271: 5363:. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimeters per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries). 3653:

40 m or 130 ft) and Bornholm Basin (depths greater than 80 m or 260 ft) it is typically 1.4–1.8%. Further east and north the salinity at the bottom is consistently lower, being the lowest in Bothnian Bay (depths greater than 120 m or 390 ft) where it is slightly below 0.4%, or only marginally higher than the surface in the same region.

5716:, Germany had to be disarmed and large quantities of ammunition stockpiles were disposed directly into the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. Environmental experts and marine biologists warn that these ammunition dumps pose an environmental threat with potentially life-threatening consequences to the health and safety of humans on the coastlines of these seas. 8668: 3629:. The flow of freshwater into the sea from approximately two hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the southwest builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. The highest surface salinities, generally 0.7–0.9%, are in the southwesternmost part of the Baltic, in the Arkona and Bornholm basins (the former located roughly between southeast 3360:, during the severe winters of 1703 and 1708, the ice cover reached as far as the Danish straits. Frequently, parts of the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga. This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice. 4614:

The rest of the land is heavily populated. About 85 million people live in the Baltic drainage basin, 15 million within 10 km (6 mi) of the coast and 29 million within 50 km (31 mi) of the coast. Around 22 million live in population centers of over 250,000. 90%

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and nutrients, and fosters completely separate maritime environments. The difference between the bottom and surface salinities varies depending on location. Overall it follows the same southwest to east and north pattern as the surface. At the bottom of the Arkona Basin (equalling depths greater than

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is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land (rivers, streams and alike), combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin

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that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the

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It is about 1,600 km (990 mi) long, an average of 193 km (120 mi) wide, and an average of 55 metres (180 ft) deep. The maximum depth is 459 m (1,506 ft) which is on the Swedish side of the center. The surface area is about 349,644 km (134,998 sq mi)

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when the water was an average of 2.43 m (8 ft 0 in) above sea level at Warnemünde and a maximum of 2.83 m (9 ft 3 in) above sea level in Warnemünde. In the last very heavy floods the average water levels reached 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) above sea level in 1904,

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in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Today, fishermen occasionally find some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb)

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occur about once in ten years. Previously, it was believed that the frequency of MBIs had declined since 1980, but recent studies have challenged this view and no longer display a clear change in the frequency or intensity of saline inflows. Instead, a decadal variability in the intensities of MBIs

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entered into force on 17 January 2000. The Convention covers the whole of the Baltic Sea area, including inland waters and the water of the sea itself, as well as the seabed. Measures are also taken in the whole catchment area of the Baltic Sea to reduce land-based pollution. The convention on the

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In spring, the Gulf of Finland and the Gulf of Bothnia normally thaw in late April, with some ice ridges persisting until May in the eastern extremities of the Gulf of Finland. In the northernmost reaches of the Bothnian Bay, ice usually stays until late May; by early June it is practically always

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The water temperature of the Baltic Sea varies significantly depending on exact location, season and depth. At the Bornholm Basin, which is located directly east of the island of the same name, the surface temperature typically falls to 0–5 °C (32–41 °F) during the peak of the winter and

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covering 377,000 square kilometres (146,000 sq mi) in the Baltic Sea. The area of the bloom extended from Germany and Poland to Finland. Researchers of the phenomenon have indicated that algal blooms have occurred every summer for decades. Fertilizer runoff from surrounding agricultural

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Since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely 20 times, most recently in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since 1720. The ice then covered 400,000 km (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010–11, which was quite severe compared to those of the last

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The Kattegat and the southwestern Baltic Sea are well oxygenated and have a rich biology. The remainder of the Sea is brackish, poor in oxygen, and in species. Thus, statistically, the more of the entrance that is included in its definition, the healthier the Baltic appears; conversely, the more

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is typically around 2.0% and 2.8% respectively, which is only somewhat below that of the Kattegat. The water surplus caused by the continuous inflow of rivers and streams to the Baltic Sea means that there generally is a flow of brackish water out through the Danish straits to the Kattegat (and

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such as Lithuanian. Another explanation is that, while derived from the aforementioned root, the name of the sea is related to names for various forms of water and related substances in several European languages, that might have been originally associated with colors found in swamps (compare

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About 20% of the land is used for agriculture and pasture, mainly in Poland and around the edge of the Baltic Proper, in Germany, Denmark, and Sweden. About 17% of the basin is unused open land with another 8% of wetlands. Most of the latter are in the Gulfs of Bothnia and Finland.

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The water level is generally far more dependent on the regional wind situation than on tidal effects. However, tidal currents occur in narrow passages in the western parts of the Baltic Sea. Tides can reach 17 to 19 cm (6.7 to 7.5 in) in the Gulf of Finland.

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the Baltic Sea is expected to become a major source of energy for countries in the region. According to the Marienborg Declaration, signed in 2022, all EU Baltic Sea states have announced their intentions to have 19.6 gigawatts of offshore wind in operation by 2030.

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Due to the often fluctuating winter temperatures between above and below freezing, the saltwater ice of the Baltic Sea can be treacherous and hazardous to walk on, in particular in comparison to the more stable fresh water-ice sheets in the interior lakes.

5461:, where less than one-tenth are freshwater species. Further north the pattern is inverted. In the Bothnian Bay, roughly two-thirds of the species are freshwater. In the far north of this bay, saltwater species are almost entirely absent. For example, the 2252:

remains the worst maritime disaster in history, killing (very roughly) 9,000 people. In 2005, a Russian group of scientists found over five thousand airplane wrecks, sunken warships, and other material, mainly from World War II, on the bottom of the sea.

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regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in the late 1980s. Finland and Sweden joined NATO in 2023 and 2024, respectively, making the Baltic Sea almost entirely surrounded by the alliance's members. Such an arrangement has also existed for the

861:, without calling Kattegat a part of the Baltic Sea, "For the purposes of this Convention the 'Baltic Sea Area' shall be the Baltic Sea and the Entrance to the Baltic Sea, bounded by the parallel of the Skaw in the Skagerrak at 57°44.43'N." 4606:

The Baltic Sea drainage basin is roughly four times the surface area of the sea itself. About 48% of the region is forested, with Sweden and Finland containing the majority of the forest, especially around the Gulfs of Bothnia and Finland.

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In the light of political changes and developments in international environmental and maritime law, a new convention was signed in 1992 by all the states bordering on the Baltic Sea, and the European Community. After ratification, the

3510:. More than 250 streams drain a basin of about 1,600,000 km (620,000 sq mi), contributing a volume of 660 km (160 cu mi) per year to the Baltic. They include the major rivers of north Europe, such as the 5381:

image taken by Swedish salvage divers on the floor of the northern Baltic Sea in June 2011. The treasure hunters suggested the image showed an object with unusual features of seemingly extraordinary origin. Speculation published in

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of these are concentrated in the 10 km (6 mi) band around the coast. Of the nations containing all or part of the basin, Poland includes 45% of the 85 million, Russia 12%, Sweden 10% and the others less than 6% each.

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For the first time ever, all the sources of pollution around an entire sea were made subject to a single convention, signed in 1974 by the then seven Baltic coastal states. The 1974 Convention entered into force on 3 May 1980.

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water into the Baltic. Such inflows, important to the Baltic ecosystem because of the oxygen they transport into the Baltic deeps, happen on average once per year, but large pulses that can replace the anoxic deep water in the

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The ratification instruments were deposited by the European Community, Germany, Latvia and Sweden in 1994, by Estonia and Finland in 1995, by Denmark in 1996, by Lithuania in 1997, and by Poland and Russia in November 1999.

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Warner, Richard. "British Merchants and Russian Men-of-War: The Rise of the Russian Baltic Fleet". In Peter the Great and the West: New Perspectives. Edited by Lindsey Hughes, 105–117. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan,

3570:. A numerical study has shown the presence of events with 8 to 10 m (26 to 33 ft) significant wave heights. Those extreme waves events can play an important role in the coastal zone on erosion and sea dynamics. 6241:, also known as HELCOM, or Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission. The present contracting parties are Denmark, Estonia, the European Community, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, and Sweden. 3384:

In recent years before 2011, the Bothnian Bay and the Bothnian Sea were frozen with solid ice near the Baltic coast and dense floating ice far from it. In 2008, almost no ice formed except for a short period in March.

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sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. The Suebi eventually migrated southwest to temporarily reside in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as

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The factors that determined the sea's characteristics were the submergence or emergence of the region due to the weight of ice and subsequent isostatic readjustment, and the connecting channels it found to the

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and other floods in the years 1320, 1449, 1625, 1694, 1784 and 1825. Little is known of their extent. From 1872, there exist regular and reliable records of water levels in the Baltic Sea. The highest was the

7961: 3428:, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms 2403:

1.89 m (6 ft 2 in) in 1913, 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) in January 1954, 1.68 m (5 ft 6 in) on 2–4 November 1995 and 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) on 21 February 2002.

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Lehmann, Andreas; Myrberg, Kai; Post, Piia; Chubarenko, Irina; Dailidiene, Inga; Hinrichsen, Hans-Harald; Hüssy, Karin; Liblik, Taavi; Meier, H. E. Markus; Lips, Urmas; Bukanova, Tatiana (16 February 2022).

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Rutgersson, Anna; Kjellström, Erik; Haapala, Jari; Stendel, Martin; Danilovich, Irina; Drews, Martin; Jylhä, Kirsti; Kujala, Pentti; Guo Larsén, Xiaoli; Halsnæs, Kirsten; Lehtonen, Ilari (6 April 2021).

6712: 7565: 5457:. Freshwater species may occur at outflows of rivers or streams in all coastal sections of the Baltic Sea. Otherwise, marine species dominate in most sections of the Baltic, at least as far north as 8252: 7138:

Sztobryn, Marzenna; Stigge, Hans-Joachim; Wielbińska, Danuta; Weidig, Bärbel; Stanisławczyk, Ida; Kańska, Alicja; Krzysztofik, Katarzyna; Kowalska, Beata; Letkiewicz, Beata; Mykita, Monika (2005).

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Finland and Sweden joining NATO in 2023 and 2024, respectively, led some to label the sea a ″NATO lake″, as all the countries surrounding the Baltic Sea except Russia had become members of NATO.

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floods are generally taken to occur when the water level is more than one metre above normal. In Warnemünde about 110 floods occurred from 1950 to 2000, an average of just over two per year.

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and the Gulf of Bothnia, on its northeastern edge by the Gulf of Finland, on its eastern edge by the Gulf of Riga, and in the west by the Swedish part of the southern Scandinavian Peninsula.

5507:. Both appear to have evolved in the Baltic basin and were only recognized as species in 2005 and 2018 respectively, having formerly been confused with more widespread relatives. The tiny 12242: 3377:

afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near

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decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of

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eventually the Atlantic). Significant flows in the opposite direction, salt water from the Kattegat through the Danish straits to the Baltic Sea, are less regular and are known as

5480:. The decreasing salinity along this path causes restrictions in both physiology and habitats. At more than 600 species of invertebrates, fish, aquatic mammals, aquatic birds and 5515:), a rare mussel, is sometimes considered endemic, but has now been recorded in the Mediterranean. However, some consider non-Baltic records to be misidentifications of juvenile 3660:, which connect the Baltic Sea and Kattegat, tends to be significantly higher, but with major variations from year to year. For example, the surface and bottom salinity in the 3306:

On the long-term average, the Baltic Sea is ice-covered at the annual maximum for about 45% of its surface area. The ice-covered area during such a typical winter includes the

7086: 8739: 6596: – "Upon the right of the Suevian Sea the Æstyan nations reside, who use the same customs and attire with the Suevians; their language more resembles that of Britain." ( 1883:

for "bay", which implies that the Vikings correctly regarded it as an inlet of the sea. Another form of the name, "Grandvik", attested in at least one English translation of

10340: 5523:). Several widespread marine species have distinctive subpopulations in the Baltic Sea adapted to the low salinity, such as the Baltic Sea forms of the Atlantic herring and 9363: 6838: 3368:, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to 10717: 8877: 8589: 3337:

Freezing begins in the northern extremities of the Gulf of Bothnia typically in the middle of November, reaching the open waters of the Bothnian Bay in early January. The

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rises to 15–20 °C (59–68 °F) during the peak of the summer, with an annual average of around 9–10 °C (48–50 °F). A similar pattern can be seen in the

8107: 1906:. First mentions of amber deposits on the South Coast of the Baltic Sea date back to the 12th century. The bordering countries have also traditionally exported lumber, 6458: 5916: 2338:(EU) since May 2004 following the accession of the Baltic states and Poland. The remaining non-NATO and -EU shore areas are Russian: the Saint Petersburg area and the 8076: 8045: 7539: 8274:

Lockwood, A. P. M.; Sheader, M.; Williams, J. A. (1998). "Life in Estuaries, Salt Marshes, Lagoons and Coastal Waters". In Summerhayes, C. P.; Thorpe, S. A. (eds.).

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Over the Alps: History of Children and Youth literature in Europe (Chapter 2 Baltic sails: the evolution of children's and youth literature in the Baltic countries)

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from a Germanic language. As the Baltic is not particularly eastward in relation to Finland, the use of this term may be a leftover from the period of Swedish rule.

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Tielhof, Milja van. The "Mother of All Trades": The Baltic Grain Trade in Amsterdam from the Late 16th to Early 19th Century. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2002.

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The Baltic Sea, Kattegat and Skagerrak – sea areas and draining basins, poster with integral information by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute

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As saltwater is denser than freshwater, the bottom of the Baltic Sea is saltier than the surface. This creates a vertical stratification of the water column, a

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Bordered by the coasts of Germany, Denmark, Poland, Sweden, Finland, Russia, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, it extends north-eastward of the following limits:

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From that time the waters underwent a geologic history summarized under the names listed below. Many of the stages are named after marine animals (e.g. the

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of material were reported in 2005. This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (2,450 lb) of material in 2003. Until now, the

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Snoeijs-Leijonmalm P.; E.Andrén (2017). "Why is the Baltic Sea so special to live in?". In P. Snoeijs-Leijonmalm; H. Schubert; T. Radziejewska (eds.).

6867: 6544: 12208: 10333: 8359: 7992:(in German). Landeshauptstadt Kiel. Amt für Kommunikation, Standortmarketing und Wirtschaftsfragen Abteilung Statistik. Retrieved on 11 October 2012. 8926: 10710: 7113: 6522: 6962: 6954: 2286: 8635: 5726:

from agriculture and forestry, impose such strong effects on the ecosystems of the Baltic sea, that there is a concern the sea will turn from a

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southwest of Finland. The remainder of the Baltic does not freeze during a normal winter, except sheltered bays and shallow lagoons such as the

12482: 6306: 4624: 8011: 5780:-Tunnel (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the 917:

Geographers widely agree that the preferred physical border between the Baltic and North Seas is the Langelandsbælt (the southern part of the

11250: 7491: 58: 9398: 8847: 12492: 12487: 12273: 11968: 10326: 7409: 5755: 3421: 3413: 3334:, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice. The thickness decreases farther south. 2466:

and the volume is about 20,000 km (4,800 cu mi). The periphery amounts to about 8,000 km (5,000 mi) of coastline.

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between Denmark and Germany is due to finish in 2029. It will be a three-bore tunnel carrying four motorway lanes and two rail tracks.

1816:, Norse (Scandinavian) merchants built a trade empire all around the Baltic. Later, the Norse fought for control of the Baltic against 6894: 6585: 5209: 11537: 8817: 12258: 8763: 8688: 6913: 6600: 11436: 9352: 8614: 6932: 6462: 5576:

in the Baltic Sea are monitored by the countries bordering the sea and data compiled by various intergovernmental bodies, such as

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differs from the ranking of hydrological lengths (from the most distant source to the sea) and the rating of the nominal lengths.

1256:; in Old Latvian it was referred to as "the Big Sea", while the present day Gulf of Riga was referred to as "the Little Sea") and 12181: 12138: 10857: 7309: 6830: 6377: 3495:; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km (230 cu mi) per year into the 2718: 8869: 8585: 6356:

A healthy serum concentration of sodium is around 0.8–0.85%, and healthy kidneys can concentrate salt in urine to at least 1.4%.

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gradually gained control over most of the Baltic coast, until she lost much of her possessions after being defeated in the 1227

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and Bornholm, and the latter directly east of Bornholm). It gradually falls further east and north, reaching the lowest in the

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Ergo iam dextro Suebici maris litore Aestiorum gentes adluuntur, quibus ritus habitusque Sueborum, lingua Britannicae propior.

2309:. The Baltic states on the eastern shore were annexed by the Soviet Union. The Baltic then separated opposing military blocs: 1204: 12467: 12442: 11471: 9122: 8746: 8283: 8246: 7843: 6768: 6628: 6545:"Swedish Chemicals Agency (KEMI): The BaltSens Project – The sensitivity of the Baltic Sea ecosystems to hazardous compounds" 2298: 11542: 7007: 5708:

and Inocean AB. The proposal intends to use wind-driven pumps to pump oxygen-rich surface water to a depth of around 130 m.

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Approximately 100,000 km (38,610 sq mi) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable

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at around 0.3%. Drinking the surface water of the Baltic as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of

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Aarno Voipio (ed., 1981): "The Baltic Sea." Elsevier Oceanography Series, vol. 30, Elsevier Scientific Publishing, 418 p,

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The ice extent depends on whether the winter is mild, moderate, or severe. In severe winters ice can form around southern

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occupied the Baltic states. In 1945, the Baltic Sea became a mass grave for retreating soldiers and refugees on torpedoed

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Physical characteristics of the Baltic Sea, its main sub-regions, and the transition zone to the Skagerrak/North Sea area

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Historical coastal protection: construction of dikes, insular protection and inland drainage at North Sea and Baltic Sea

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from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as

2125:("Our Baltic Sea"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea ( 2100: 11720: 8958: 8562: 7275: 12432: 12366: 12203: 11872: 11653: 11599: 9421: 9242: 9093: 9023: 8509: 6442: 6414: 4257: 12522: 12011: 11587: 10807: 9406:

HELCOM is the governing body of the "Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area"

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Plans to artificially oxygenate areas of the Baltic that have experienced eutrophication have been proposed by the

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himself compared the sea with a belt, stating that it is so named because it stretches through the land as a belt (

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The open surface waters of the Baltic Sea "proper" generally have a salinity of 0.3 to 0.9%, which is border-line

3330:. The ice reaches its maximum extent in February or March; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the 2168:. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern 11690: 11643: 7910:, Jan Thulin and Andris Andrushaitis, Religion, Science and the Environment Symposium V on the Baltic Sea (2003). 6551: 5920: 3278:

On particularly cold winters, the coastal parts of the Baltic Sea freeze into ice thick enough to walk or ski on.

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Starting in the 11th century, the southern and eastern shores of the Baltic were settled by migrants mainly from

8204:"Platichthys solemdali sp. nov. (Actinopterygii, Pleuronectiformes): A New Flounder Species From the Baltic Sea" 6685: 2183:, a joint British and French fleet attacked the Russian fortresses in the Baltic; the case is also known as the 1208:"swamp"). Yet another explanation is that the name originally meant "enclosed sea, bay" as opposed to open sea. 12512: 12507: 12502: 12497: 11941: 8004:"UFO at the Bottom of the Baltic Sea? Rumor: Photograph shows a UFO discovered at the bottom of the Baltic Sea" 2062: 1954: 1159:

meaning "white, fair", which may echo the naming of seas after colours relating to the cardinal points (as per

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Countries that border the sea: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden.

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is about 21,000 km (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km (120 cu mi).

2742: 12537: 12532: 12527: 12517: 12198: 12063: 12048: 7509: 6984: 2947: 2912: 2867: 2822: 2777: 2366:, Sweden, in September 1994, which claimed the lives of 852 people. Older, wood-based shipwrecks such as the 1970: 9146:

Bogucka, Maria. "The Role of Baltic Trade in European Development from the XVIth to the XVIIIth Centuries".

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Environmental Science : Understanding, Protecting and Managing the Environment in the Baltic Sea Region

6860: 5901: 5701:. Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighboring Atlantic. 4677: 2047: 12427: 12263: 12031: 11614: 9415: 8740:"Regional Species Extinctions – Examples of regional species extinctions over the last 1000 years and more" 2394: 2239: 2152:

brought Russia to the eastern coast. Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic. Russia's

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Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, 1992, entered into force on 17 January 2000.

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III, chapter 5: "Sarmatia in Europe is bounded on the north by the Sarmatian ocean at the Venedic gulf" (

3531: 2326: 1997:

In the period between the 8th and 14th centuries, there was much piracy in the Baltic from the coasts of

1197:). On this basis, a related hypothesis holds that the name originated from this Indo-European root via a 9347: 9327: 9317: 7341: 6739: 12213: 12004: 11609: 11510: 11318: 10518: 9668: 9442: 9372: 7474: 6514: 5637: 5249:, instead of the Baltic Sea, there was a wide plain around a great river that paleontologists call the 3404:, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of 793: 9322: 9215:

Lindblad, Jan Thomas. "Structural Change in the Dutch Trade in the Baltic in the Eighteenth Century".

6951: 5795:

Much shipbuilding is carried out in the shipyards around the Baltic Sea. The largest shipyards are at

4588: 1645:, which does not however mean 'east sea' and may be related to a people known in the same work as the 12376: 12348: 12338: 12220: 11934: 9182:

England's Baltic Trade in the Early Seventeenth Century: A Study in Anglo-Polish Commercial Diplomacy

7224:

Informations-, Lern-, und Lehrmodule zu den Themen Küste, Meer und Integriertes Küstenzonenmanagement

7181:

Informations-, Lern-, und Lehrmodule zu den Themen Küste, Meer und Integriertes Küstenzonenmanagement

5473:

is the dominating animal species, and makes up more than 90% of the total animal biomass in the sea.

5136: 5075: 4530: 3292: 11547: 11505: 4688: 4262: 2069: 12452: 12437: 12083: 12021: 11973: 11630: 11451: 11431: 9403: 9390: 9203:

War and Trade in Northern Seas: Anglo-Scandinavian Economic Relations in the Mid Eighteenth Century

8487: 7446:

Physico-Theology: Or, A Demonstration of the Being and Attributes of God from His Works of Creation

5747: 5705: 5584:

inhabit the Baltic proper, whereas the species is abundant in the outer Baltic (Western Baltic and

5413:

The fauna of the Baltic Sea is a mixture of marine and freshwater species. Among marine fishes are

4285: 2087:

shortly after the attacks, 3 May 1945. Only 350 survived of the 4,500 prisoners who had been aboard

905:, after that stronghold was built. The narrowest part of Little Belt is the "Middelfart Sund" near 12320: 11532: 9279:

Thomson, Erik. "Beyond the Military State: Sweden's Great Power Period in Recent Historiography".

7495: 7033: 1215:

the sea was known by a variety of names. The name Baltic Sea became dominant after 1600. Usage of

12447: 12289: 9620: 8839: 8137: 8042: 6745: 6331: 6295: 6285: 5882: 5751: 3559: 2986: 2248: 1961:

gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up

1747: 1113: 1048: 324: 11825: 8900: 7405: 7199:

Weiss, D. "Schutz der Ostseeküste von Mecklenburg-Vorpommern". In Kramer, J.; Rohde, H. (eds.).

715: 12422: 12412: 12343: 11752: 11461: 10802: 10775: 9941: 9380: 9155:

The Transformation of British Naval Strategy: Seapower and Supply in Northern Europe, 1808–1812

5508: 5408: 5153: 5126:

is former seabed or archipelago: illustrated are sea levels immediately after the last ice age.

4629: 3452:

on 15 May 1942 and near Copenhagen on 11 May 1771. Drift ice was also observed on 11 May 1799.

2113: 12146: 9009: 7151: 6135: 5995: 5534:, isolated populations of arctic species which have remained in the Baltic Sea since the last 11311: 11280: 9466: 9462: 9435: 9208:

Koningsbrugge, Hans van. "In War and Peace: The Dutch and the Baltic in Early Modern Times".

8539: 6404: 5641: 5503: 5262: 4494: 4289: 4071:(808 km; 502 mi) → Oder (180 km; 110 mi) total: 928 km; 577 mi 3878:(22 km; 14 mi) → Vistula (156 km; 97 mi) total 1204 km; 127 mi 3684: 3319: 2399: 877:

from ships at the border between the ocean and the land-locked Baltic Sea, in tandem: in the

149: 91: 12193: 12237: 11678: 11673: 11235: 10482: 9788: 9161: 9044: 8312: 8171: 7715: 7654: 7201:

Historischer Küstenschutz: Deichbau, Inselschutz und Binnenentwässerung an Nord- und Ostsee

6891: 5391: 5360: 4922: 4376: 2443: 704: 505: 9424:– A short film (55'), showing the coastline and the major German cities at the Baltic sea. 9166: 8809: 8003: 6582: 3258: 2416: 2329:. This border status restricted trade and travel. It ended only after the collapse of the 401: 8: 12407: 12188: 12113: 11415: 11386: 10648: 10089: 9883: 9512: 9010:

Norbert Götz. "Spatial Politics and Fuzzy Regionalism: The Case of the Baltic Sea Area."

8840:"Oxygenation at a Depth of 120 Meters Could Save the Baltic Sea, Researchers Demonstrate" 8131: 6910: 6809: 6188: 5889: 5694: 3666: 3538: 2372:

tend to remain well-preserved, as the Baltic's cold and brackish water does not suit the

2278:

refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Deteriorating bottles leak

2228: 2058: 1933:

The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to

1805: 1465: 1435: 1300: 1257: 1219:

and similar terms to denote the region east of the sea started only in the 19th century.

1168: 302: 9048: 8770: 8611: 8316: 8175: 7719: 7658: 6597: 2424: 2200: 1855: 12123: 12108: 12041: 11905: 11303: 11063: 11053: 10819: 10770: 10084: 9981: 9625: 9487: 9128: 9067: 9030: 9029:

Ojaveer, H.; Jaanus, A.; MacKenzie, B. R.; Martin, G.; Olenin, S.; et al. (2010).

8335: 8300: 7801: 7739: 7087:"No longer neutral waters: What Baltic Sea strategy for Sweden after NATO enlargement?" 6929: 6694: 5924: 5664: 5593: 5558: 5524: 5390:. A consensus of experts and scientists say that the image most likely shows a natural 5383: 5372: 5250: 4633: 3606:

is larger in both surface area and water volume, but most of it is located outside the

3578: 3373: 3203: 3183: 2339: 2322: 2302: 2243: 2149: 2091:

In the 13th to 16th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the

1793: 1650: 1611: 1597: 1583: 1524: 1511: 1480: 1450: 1425: 1410: 1400: 992:

are obstacles to the flow of heavy salt water from the Kattegat into the basins around

958: 870: 103: 10842: 10318: 7302: 6381: 6224:

Helsinki Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area

6158: 5909: 5854:

There are several cargo and passenger ferries that operate on the Baltic Sea, such as

4307: 3388: 2420:

Baltic drainage basins (catchment area), with depth, elevation, major rivers and lakes

2348:

Winter storms begin arriving in the region during October. These have caused numerous

1112:

He might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in the

1053: 855:

Helsinki Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area

714:

The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10°E to 30°E longitude. It is a

12230: 12176: 12093: 11832: 11701: 10758: 10695: 10608: 10487: 9843: 9793: 9585: 9527: 9373:

Late Weichselian and Holocene shore displacement history of the Baltic Sea in Finland

9288: 9238: 9132: 9118: 9089: 9072: 9019: 8789: 8464: 8340: 8279: 8242: 7949: 7928: 7839: 7805: 7793: 7743: 7731: 7703: 7672: 7622: 7458: 7431: 6764: 6624: 6438: 6410: 5875: 5781: 5773: 5760: 5434: 5430: 4997: 4328: 3607: 3437: 3300: 3164: 2196: 2153: 1938: 1699: 1681: 1345: 1310: 1277: 1085:, while others claim it to be directly derived from the source of the Germanic word, 650: 11552: 7771: 5777: 4655: 946: 12156: 11978: 11957: 11495: 11484: 11358: 11351: 10824: 10104: 9956: 9507: 9427: 9284: 9110: 9062: 9052: 8482: 8330: 8320: 8301:"Rapid speciation in a newly opened postglacial marine environment, the Baltic Sea" 8215: 8179: 7783: 7723: 7662: 7642: 7612: 6784: 6276: 6176: 5953: 5848: 5698: 5549: 5418: 5257:

episodes scooped out the river bed into the sea basin. By the time of the last, or

4985: 4867: 4706: 4637: 3378: 3299:. In the northern tributaries the climates transition from moderate continental to 3187: 3179: 3117: 2906: 2294: 2290: 2270: 2157: 2092: 2006: 1986: 1860: 1664: 1660: 1626: 1587: 1365: 1320: 1290: 1247: 1244: 1188: 1178: 1066: 1062: 615: 11867: 11041: 8989: 7950:"Land Use and Population Density in the Baltic Sea Drainage Basin: A GIS Database" 3274: 3207: 3171: 3041: 2352:, and contributed to the extreme difficulties of rescuing passengers of the ferry 2282:

and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.

1918:

and furs by ship across the Baltic. Sweden had from early medieval times exported

767: 12328: 12294: 12161: 12118: 12088: 12076: 12036: 11777: 11031: 10523: 10452: 10447: 10431: 10390: 10224: 10194: 10174: 10094: 9758: 9753: 9738: 9708: 9673: 9595: 9492: 9230: 9104: 9057: 8962: 8699: 8672: 8618: 8450: 8405: 8298: 7989: 7478: 7038: 6999: 6958: 6936: 6917: 6898: 6689: 6667: 6604: 6589: 6576: 6430: 6326: 6123: 5905: 5723: 5581: 5540: 5477: 5462: 5426: 5321: 5238: 5234: 5166: 4768: 4734: 4334: 3327: 3323: 3311: 3307: 3296: 3288: 3113: 3097: 3019: 3009: 3003: 2428: 2318: 2275: 2220: 2165: 2156:

saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital,

1563: 1548: 1538: 1368: 1280: 1198: 1119: 1022: 988:

Sill (depth of 18 m (59 ft)), and a limit to the Belt Sea. The shallow

842: 759: 747: 337: 11397: 11372: 11292: 10633: 9868: 8128:

Interview of Finnish planetary geomorphologist Jarmo Korteniemi (at 1:10:45) on

7184: 6484: 6057: 6024: 5977: 5931: 4644: 3614:

is larger in water volume, but—despite its name—it is a lake rather than a sea.

3432:, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores. 3109: 1148:

also might be derived from "belt", and therein mean "near belt of sea, strait".

481: 11878: 11852: 11658: 11490: 11285: 10663: 10653: 10472: 10457: 10350: 10164: 10144: 10109: 10099: 10079: 10074: 10069: 9898: 9888: 9778: 9763: 9645: 9497: 9474: 9267:

Britain and the Baltic: Studies in Commercial, Political and Cultural Relations

9237:(in Persian) (1st ed.). Tehran, Iran: Faradid Publisher. pp. 85–124. 8676: 6069: 5820: 5731: 5719: 5687: 5613: 5585: 5531: 5497: 5442: 5339: 5315: 5288: 5181: 5107: 5095: 4879: 4600: 4141: 4055: 3657: 3492: 3357: 3353: 3266: 3215: 3089: 2470: 2335: 2141: 2134: 2118: 2039: 1958: 1691: 1553: 1495: 1384: 1355: 1330: 1140:. It is possible that Pliny refers to an island named Basilia ("the royal") in 1105: 1095: 1070: 1058: 989: 954: 727: 708: 664: 227: 173: 163: 156: 9114: 8398: 7727: 7227: 6111: 4916: 4390: 2129:), something that was accomplished except the part between Riga in Latvia and 834: 12401: 12166: 11745: 11582: 11565: 11212: 11098: 11003: 10686: 10623: 10593: 10563: 10553: 10528: 10477: 10467: 10385: 10306: 10294: 10114: 10006: 9976: 9961: 9951: 9931: 9858: 9828: 9783: 9773: 9748: 9728: 9698: 9678: 9590: 9565: 8692: 8473: 8220: 8203: 8201: 7797: 7735: 7676: 7626: 7617: 7600: 7179:[Storm floods along the Baltic Sea coastline – a forgotten threat?]. 6321: 6316: 6290: 6262: 5789: 5669: 5652: 5629: 5616:

migrate into Baltic sea including mother and calf pair. Now extinct Atlantic

5516: 5446: 5422: 5345: 5186: 5103: 4430: 3883: 3688: 3547: 3523: 3424:

form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the

3284: 3175: 3148: 3062: 3031: 3026: 2962: 2949: 2927: 2914: 2882: 2869: 2837: 2824: 2792: 2779: 2757: 2744: 2459: 2432: 1930:

mines. Thus, the Baltic Sea has long been crossed by much merchant shipping.

1865: 820: 774: 489: 409: 110: 73: 60: 11841: 9189:

The Northern Wars: War, State, and Society in Northeastern Europe, 1558–1721

7667: 7374: 6660: 6140: 6099: 5035: 4454: 4219: 3506:

The difference between the outflow and the inflow comes entirely from fresh

3051: 12128: 11898: 11792: 11764: 11684: 11421: 10658: 10643: 10628: 10603: 10588: 10583: 10548: 10533: 10503: 10462: 10400: 10395: 10159: 10034: 9986: 9971: 9966: 9946: 9913: 9893: 9878: 9863: 9838: 9823: 9813: 9768: 9723: 9713: 9703: 9688: 9653: 9575: 9557: 9482: 9076: 8955: 8344: 8325: 7279: 6087: 5971: 5713: 5625: 5605: 5597: 5567: 5553: 5454: 5414: 5333: 5258: 5176: 5091: 4504: 3634: 3338: 3331: 3315: 3121: 3105: 3101: 3036: 2998: 2993: 2859: 2475: 2306: 2266: 2262: 1934: 1845: 1733: 970: 797: 763: 755: 751: 719: 11477: 11466: 11409: 7922: 6164: 6018: 5608:

visit the waters. In recent years, very small, but with increasing rates,

5116: 5059: 4979: 4176: 3014: 2184: 1981: 930: 886: 722:

of the Atlantic with limited water exchange between the two, making it an

567: 385: 142: 11771: 11738: 11123: 11108: 11103: 11083: 11073: 10638: 10613: 10568: 10513: 10415: 10237: 10209: 10189: 10184: 10179: 10134: 10129: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10014: 9926: 9921: 9873: 9848: 9663: 9615: 9610: 9580: 9570: 9547: 9517: 8622: 7462:, 10 February 2011, p. A4; 25 February 2011, p. A5; 11 June 2011, p. A12. 7142:[Storm floods in the Southern Baltic (western and central part)] 6437:(in Persian) (1st ed.). Tehran, Iran: Faradid Publisher. p. 6. 6336: 6093: 5867: 5727: 5682: 5589: 5545: 5470: 5246: 5085: 4746: 4270: 4145: 4108: 3923: 3871: 3800: 3638: 3611: 3519: 3464: 3417: 3223: 3211: 3156: 3073: 3056: 2730: 2387: 2368: 2354: 2314: 2279: 2212: 2180: 2173: 2027: 2022: 1813: 1797: 1703: 1636: 1212: 1074: 962: 898: 743: 555: 485: 417: 138: 118: 11787: 11624: 11604: 11527: 11456: 11078: 10958: 9260:

In Quest of Trade and Security: The Baltic in Power Politics, 1500–1990.

7788: 6831:"Livones.net - Burājot lībiešu jūrā: debespušu nosaukumi lībiešu valodā" 6000: 5935: 5844: 5530:

A peculiar feature of the fauna is that it contains a number of glacial

5099: 4836: 4792: 4666: 4359: 4295: 4076: 3583: 3537:

An important source of salty water is infrequent inflows (also known as

2436: 563: 425: 405: 11797: 10895: 10668: 10598: 10573: 10558: 10508: 10405: 10380: 10364: 10273: 10247: 10214: 10204: 10149: 10029: 9936: 9903: 9833: 9803: 9798: 9743: 9733: 9683: 9658: 9630: 9605: 9537: 9522: 8184: 8159: 7253: 6051: 5863: 5859: 5855: 5812: 5621: 5617: 5535: 5481: 5466: 5327: 5311: 5304: 5254: 5171: 5148: 5047: 4904: 4214: 3796: 3791: 3787: 3661: 3626: 3448:, remnants of ice have been observed in May on several occasions; near 3405: 3219: 3077: 2810: 2083: 1836: 1829: 1828:

and southern Russia. This Norse-dominated period is referred to as the

1573: 1061:. The origin of the latter name is speculative and it was adopted into 1040: 1034: 938: 918: 906: 902: 890: 874: 805: 739: 723: 571: 539: 527: 501: 353: 134: 104: 11715: 11558: 11403: 11275: 11255: 11141: 10681: 10289: 6682: 6256: 6117: 5989: 5840: 5279:) that are clear markers of changing water temperatures and salinity. 5003: 4947: 3445: 3441: 3227: 3083: 2900: 2219:

was granted access to the Baltic Sea at the expense of Germany by the

1151:

Others have suggested that the name of the island originates from the

965:

are parts of the Baltic Sea. Another usual border is the line between

878: 735: 619: 551: 421: 349: 150: 11847: 11726: 11446: 11426: 11240: 11151: 11093: 11088: 10983: 10948: 10787: 10618: 10578: 10543: 10410: 10169: 10139: 10064: 10044: 10039: 10024: 9996: 9853: 9818: 9808: 9718: 9635: 9542: 9502: 7702:

Medvedev, I. P.; Rabinovich, A. B.; Kulikov, E. A. (September 2013).

7140:"Sturmfluten in der südlichen Ostsee (Westlicher und mittlerer Teil)" 6075: 5836: 5648: 5609: 5527:, which are smaller than the widespread forms in the North Atlantic. 5476:

There is a decrease in species richness from the Danish belts to the

5450: 5300: 5284: 5273: 5053: 4953: 4898: 4892: 4873: 4712: 4648: 3995: 3950: 3645: 3603: 3563: 3542: 3496: 3456: 3247: 3243: 3151:

form the major parts of the Central Baltic Sea or Baltic proper. The

3144: 2941: 2816: 2363: 2349: 2330: 2235: 2096: 2077: 1998: 1966: 1903: 1880: 1825: 1528: 1160: 1101: 1082: 966: 922: 801: 789: 688: 635: 623: 587: 457: 413: 393: 377: 361: 203: 11817: 11515: 11260: 9386:

Baltic Environmental Atlas: Interactive map of the Baltic Sea region

9376: 6006: 5796: 4780: 4730: 4681: 3369: 1601: 934: 579: 575: 531: 11926: 11885: 11862: 11758: 11708: 11648: 11113: 11068: 11058: 11008: 10998: 10978: 10963: 10890: 10242: 10232: 10199: 10154: 10124: 10119: 10019: 9600: 9532: 9035: 8979:

Alhonen, Pentti (1966). "Baltic Sea". In Fairbridge, Rhodes (ed.).

7292:

at envir.ee. (archived) (21 April 2006). Retrieved on 23 June 2011.

7226:(in German). EUCC Die Küsten Union Deutschland e. V. Archived from 6146: 6045: 5828: 5804: 5577: 5573: 5492: 5491:

Since the Baltic Sea is so young there are only two or three known

5356: 5022: 4934: 4752: 4718: 4670: 4550: 4420: 4386: 4300: 3963: 3866: 3692: 3618: 3595: 3500: 3449: 3429: 3401: 3239: 3152: 3137: 3067: 3047: 2771: 2373: 2192: 2188: 2130: 2035: 1907: 1772: 1763: 1137: 993: 882: 858: 731: 599: 547: 543: 509: 477: 433: 373: 345: 235: 114: 11663: 11619: 11265: 11230: 11161: 11036: 10753: 8462: 7768: 6063: 5816: 5458: 5041: 4824: 4484: 4474: 4320: 4312: 4274: 3199: 2204: 1820:

dwelling on the southern shore. The Norse also used the rivers of

1801: 984:

Sill (depth of 7 m (23 ft)) sets a limit to Øresund and

942: 838: 778: 603: 583: 473: 461: 341: 11782: 11245: 11146: 11133: 11023: 10988: 10943: 10938: 10920: 10905: 10900: 10882: 10765: 10748: 10743: 10738: 9991: 9165: 8235:

Rydén, Lars; Migula, Pawel; Andersson, Magnus (11 January 2024).

6435:

Over the Alps: History of Children and Youth Literature in Europe

6129: 5871: 5785: 5735: 5674: 5563: 5292: 5276: 5266: 5242: 5123: 4966: 4928: 4861: 4786: 4740: 4692: 4576: 4572: 4540: 4534: 4520: 4488: 4468: 4458: 4450: 4444: 4440: 4424: 4410: 4404: 4400: 4394: 4364: 4338: 4324: 4278: 4208: 4136: 4063: 4002: 3987: 3946: 3910: 3862: 3858: 3831: 3777: 3630: 3515: 3365: 3342: 3160: 3133: 2851: 2480: 2455: 2451: 2359: 2342: 2208: 2169: 2145: 2117:("Lordship over the Baltic Sea"). Eventually, it was Sweden that 2104: 2043: 2031: 2017: 2010: 2002: 1946: 1942: 1871: 1616: 1164: 1133: 1030: 1012: 1004:

narrowly it is defined, the more endangered its biology appears.

997: 981: 926: 680: 676: 672: 668: 627: 611: 595: 453: 429: 389: 381: 369: 365: 357: 239: 223: 195: 191: 187: 183: 130: 30: 11637: 8299:

Pereyra, R.T.; L. Bergström; L. Kautsky; K. Johannesson (2009).

5677:, Sweden, with algae bloom (phytoplankton) swirling in the water 2301:. The Soviet Union gained another access to the Baltic with the 2095:, a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the 1894:, especially from its southern shores within today's borders of 1640: 816: 11857: 11803: 11732: 11668: 11521: 11365: 11339: 11222: 11204: 11189: 11181: 11171: 11166: 11118: 11013: 10928: 10831: 10814: 10792: 10782: 7340:. International Hydrographic Organization. 1953. Archived from 6238: 6105: 6012: 5983: 5959: 5800: 5765: 5488:

has affected the marine species as compared with the Atlantic.

5438: 5296: 5016: 4910: 4830: 4764: 4566: 4555: 4524: 4516: 4508: 4498: 4478: 4434: 4414: 4380: 4369: 4344: 4266: 4204: 4200: 4132: 4099: 4059: 3991: 3954: 3914: 3906: 3854: 3781: 3773: 3649: 3483: 3425: 3393: 3349: 3191: 3125: 2447: 2224: 2216: 2148:

became the leading powers over the sea. Sweden's defeat in the

2108: 1950: 1923: 1899: 1895: 1821: 1781: 1768: 1690:), with the correct geography (the sea is west of Estonia). In 1674: 1124: 894: 700: 696: 692: 684: 535: 513: 497: 493: 465: 329: 231: 215: 211: 207: 199: 44: 10910: 8870:"Ticking time bombs on the bottom of the North and Baltic Sea" 7481:

Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin.

7137: 4464: 2176:: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax, and hemp. 1227:

The Baltic Sea was known in ancient Latin language sources as

826: 441: 12098: 11810: 11593: 11441: 11379: 11194: 11048: 10993: 10968: 10953: 10933: 10263: 9458: 9412:– information related to winter navigation in the Baltic Sea. 9331: 9258:

Rystad, Göran, Klaus-R. Böhme, and Wilhelm M. Carlgren, eds.

7833: 7772:"Natural Hazards and Extreme Events in the Baltic Sea region" 6182: 6170: 6030: 5824: 5633: 5378: 5230: 4855: 4804: 4758: 4562: 4354: 4068: 3875: 3507: 3455:

The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the

3195: 2736: 1891: 1817: 1759: 1267: 1086: 1026: 985: 785: 631: 517: 469: 437: 397: 333: 9106:

Second Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea Basin

9028: 8202:

Momigliano, M.; G.P.J. Denys; H. Jokinen; J. Merilä (2018).

7859: 7857: 7855: 7639: 7471: 7148:

Berichte des Bundesamtes für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie

6861:"A JOURNEY ALONG THE LIVONIAN COAST / REIZ PIDS LĪVÕD RANDÕ" 5588:) and occasionally oceanic and out-of-range species such as 2269:, the United Kingdom and the United States have disposed of 12103: 11156: 10973: 6081: 5965: 5832: 5808: 5601: 5485: 4849: 4798: 4774: 4724: 4659: 4545: 4349: 4032: 3749: 3527: 3511: 3129: 3100:, of which the northernmost part is the Bay of Bothnia or 2310: 2161: 1927: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1694:, it has the meaning of both "West Sea" and "Evening Sea" ( 607: 591: 559: 449: 445: 126: 122: 9409: 8983:. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. pp. 87–91. 7177:"Sturmfluten an der Ostseeküste – eine vergessene Gefahr?" 6719: 3551:

is observed with a main period of approximately 30 years.

10268: 9367: 7923:

Muus, B.; J.G. Nielsen; P. Dahlstrom; B. Nystrom (1999).

7852: 7701: 6741:

The Position of the Slavonic Languages at the present day

6403:

Gunderson, Lance H.; Pritchard, Lowell (1 October 2002).

5387: 5098:. The relic of Scandinavian Glacier in white. The rivers 777:" is bordered on its northern edge, at latitude 60°N, by 96: 11333: 8278:(2nd ed.). London: Manson Publishing. p. 246. 7222:[Storm floods at the German Baltic Sea coasts]. 7207:] (in German). Stuttgart: Wittwer. pp. 536–567. 7183:. EUCC Die Küsten Union Deutschland e. V. Archived from 7061:"Does Sweden joining make the Baltic Sea a 'NATO lake'?" 3104:. The more rounded southern basin of the gulf is called 1192: 1167:). This '*bʰel' root and basic meaning were retained in 10872: 10348: 9102: 8927:"A Sea of Change: Energy Security in the Baltic region" 8510:"Rare Sowerby's beaked whale spotted in the Baltic Sea" 8273: 7027: 7025: 5681:

Satellite images taken in July 2010 revealed a massive

5377:

The "Baltic Sea anomaly" is a feature on an indistinct

4273:

of the Baltic Sea, such as these in the archipelago of

2137:

dominated the Baltic trade in the seventeenth century.

1839:, the Scandinavians have referred to the Baltic Sea as 10725: 8008:

5686:

land has exacerbated the problem and led to increased

4761:(Finland) 306,792 (part of Helsinki metropolitan area) 4603:: Belarus, Czech Republic, Norway, Slovakia, Ukraine. 3530:. Additional fresh water comes from the difference of 3440:

remnants of ice were observed as late as 17 July near

3155:

Basin is the area east of Bornholm, and the shallower

2234:

After the Nazis' rise to power, Germany reclaimed the

1953:

in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (

1926:

mined there, while Poland had and still has extensive

1824:

for trade routes, finding their way eventually to the

1069:

spoken around the sea, very likely due to the role of

9318:

Protect the Baltic Sea while it's still not too late.

8157: 6892:"The History of Russian Amber, Part 1: The Beginning" 5366: 9457: 8234: 8069:"Mysterious' Baltic Sea Object Is a Glacial Deposit" 7022: 7000:"Nato's border with Russia doubles as Finland joins" 6252: 3096:

The northern part of the Baltic Sea is known as the

2199:, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed 2099:. In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, 1659:("East-sea", due to German influence). In addition, 1499: 929:-Sill strait. The Drogden Sill is situated north of 9224:

The Struggle for Supremacy in the Baltic, 1600–1725

8636:"Whales seen again in the waters of the Baltic Sea" 7079: 4592:

Population density in the Baltic Sea catchment area

4244: 4241: 4238: 4235: 4232: 4229: 4196: 4193: 4190: 4187: 4184: 4181: 4170: 4167: 4164: 4161: 4158: 4155: 4128: 4125: 4122: 4119: 4116: 4113: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4080: 4051: 4048: 4045: 4042: 4039: 4036: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4011: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3968: 3942: 3939: 3936: 3933: 3930: 3927: 3902: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3890: 3887: 3850: 3847: 3844: 3841: 3838: 3835: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3813: 3810: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3760: 3757: 3754: 3392:Piles of drift ice on the shore of Puhtulaid, near 3159:Basin extends from Bornholm to the Danish isles of 2705: 2702: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2589: 2586: 2583: 2580: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 1945:in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now 1100:Balticus, eo quod in modum baltei longo tractu per 9344:(FIMR) (in English, Finnish, Swedish and Estonian) 8901:"Warming Baltic Sea: a red flag for global oceans" 8357:Red List Benthic Invertebrate Expert Group (2013) 8133:Baltic Sea Anomaly. The Unsolved Mystery. Part 1-2 8129: 6406:Resilience and the Behavior of Large-Scale Systems 6402: 3356:. According to the 18th-century natural historian 3262:Satellite image of the Baltic Sea in a mild winter 1971:the last European state to convert to Christianity 86:(slightly east of the north tip of Gotland Island) 8197: 8195: 7829: 7827: 7114:"Sorry Russia, the Baltic Sea is NATO's lake now" 6930:Chemical Weapon Time Bomb Ticks in the Baltic Sea 4269:form an integral and typical part of many of the 2721:defines the limits of the Baltic Sea as follows: 2211:in 1871, the whole southern coast became German. 12399: 9176:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). pp. 286–287. 8810:"Satellite spies vast algal bloom in Baltic Sea" 7105: 4709:(Russia) 5,392,992 (metropolitan area 6,000,000) 3210:. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the 2479:) formed by glacial erosion during the last few 2215:was partly fought in the Baltic Sea. After 1920 2026:("east settling"). Other settlers were from the 1577: 1474: 1469: 1444: 1439: 1304: 1261: 1172: 51: 9253:The Early Vasas: A History of Sweden, 1523–1611 8463:Reeves, R.; Pitman, R.L.; Ford, J.K.B. (2017). 7400: 7398: 7396: 7394: 7392: 7034:"Sweden joins 'Nato lake' on Moscow's doorstep" 6673: 4721:(Finland) 665,558 (metropolitan area 1,559,558) 3648:, that represents a barrier to the exchange of 3602:are larger according to some measurements: The 3202:. Between Falster and the German coast lie the 1843:("Eastern Sea"). "Eastern Sea", appears in the 1654: 1591: 1532: 1515: 1459: 1454: 1429: 1419: 1414: 1243:"Baltic Sea" is used in Modern English; in the 8488:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T15421A50368125.en 8192: 7892:"The Baltic Sea: Its Past, Present and Future" 7866:"Hydrogeography and oxygen in the deep basins" 7863: 7824: 6307:List of cities and towns around the Baltic Sea 5673:Satellite photo of the Baltic Sea surrounding 4715:(Sweden) 962,154 (metropolitan area 2,315,612) 4625:List of cities and towns around the Baltic Sea 2297:for new Polish and Russian settlement. Poland 1713: 1707: 1685: 1349: 1314: 11942: 11319: 10858: 10711: 10334: 9443: 9103:The BACC II Author Team; et al. (2015). 8408:– MarLIN, The Marine Life Information Network 8026: 7053: 6752: 6709:"Indo-European etymology : Query result" 5441:, and examples of freshwater species include 5210: 4743:(Estonia) 458,398 (metropolitan area 542,983) 4727:(Latvia) 614,618 (metropolitan area 1,070,00) 3147:area, southwestern Finland, and Estonia. The 2473:inland seas by area, and occupies a basin (a 2121:. In Sweden, the sea was then referred to as 1668: 1630: 1620: 1505: 1489: 1484: 1404: 1324: 1294: 1251: 1182: 1081:, a name used for two of the Danish straits, 1077:. It might be connected to the Germanic word 1057:) was the eleventh-century German chronicler 1007: 12311:Education (primary, secondary, and tertiary) 8151: 7389: 7032:Milne, Richard; Seddon, Max (7 March 2024). 6975:Ellis, M.G.M.W. (1986). "Sweden's Ghosts?". 6961:Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings No. 112. 6237:The governing body of the convention is the 5756:List of oil and gas fields of the Baltic Sea 4755:(Poland) 413,600 (metropolitan area 778,000) 4251: 3108:and immediately to the south of it lies the 1605: 1567: 1542: 1527:, except English, "East Sea" is used, as in 1378: 1372: 1284: 9262:Vol. 1, 1500–1890. Stockholm: Probus, 1994. 9088:. Ramsey, Isle of Man: Ferry Publications. 8675:. "Eastern Atlantic Specimens". pp. 41–44. 8292: 8060: 7918: 7916: 7031: 6623:. Liverpool University Press. p. 110. 4700:The biggest coastal cities (by population): 2864:A line joining Flinthorne-Rev and Skjelby ( 2042:were gradually assimilated by the Germans. 1758:described the Mare Suebicum, named for the 1737: 1557: 1394: 1388: 1359: 1339: 1334: 1271: 1234: 1228: 1089: 1016: 168:1,641,650 km (633,840 sq mi) 11949: 11935: 11326: 11312: 10865: 10851: 10718: 10704: 10341: 10327: 9450: 9436: 9031:"Status of Biodiversity in the Baltic Sea" 8583: 7601:"Major Baltic Inflow Statistics – Revised" 7585: 7583: 7220:"Sturmfluten an der deutschen Ostseeküste" 6991: 6203: 5217: 5203: 2073:Nautical chart of the Baltic Sea in 1919. 1890:In addition to fish the sea also provides 1222: 976: 830:Danish straits and southwestern Baltic Sea 9399:List of all ferry lines in the Baltic Sea 9375:– more prehistory of the Baltic from the 9066: 9056: 8924: 8486: 8334: 8324: 8219: 8183: 8066: 8001: 7836:Biological Oceanography of the Baltic Sea 7787: 7666: 7616: 6763:(in Italian). Florence: La Nuova Italia. 5552:. Some of these relicts are derived from 3562:is generally much lower than that of the 3143:The Northern Baltic Sea lies between the 2815:A line joining Gulstav (South extreme of 2061:took place on 8 November 1658 during the 269:377,000 km (146,000 sq mi) 9229: 8689:Global Biodiversity Information Facility 8664:Jones L.M..Swartz L.S.. Leatherwood S.. 8399:Minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) 8032: 7947: 7913: 7598: 7335:"Limits of Oceans and Seas, 3rd edition" 6920:. Britannica. Retrieved on 23 June 2011. 6429: 5930: 5915: 5900: 5759: 5668: 5580:. A critically endangered population of 4687: 4676: 4665: 4654: 4643: 4628: 4587: 4306: 4294: 4284: 4261: 3577: 3482: 3387: 3273: 3265: 3257: 3092:, not an integral part of the Baltic Sea 3070:, not an integral part of the Baltic Sea 2985: 2423: 2415: 2076: 2068: 2052: 1980: 1792: 833: 825: 815: 9391:Can a New Cleanup Plan Save the Sea? – 9265:Salmon, Patrick, and Tony Barrow, eds. 9160: 8996:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 3 8987: 8978: 8965:. Helcom.fi. Retrieved on 23 June 2011. 8584:Allgemeine, Augsburger (17 July 2015). 8100:"Underwater UFO? Get Real, Experts Say" 8091: 7838:. Springer, Dordrecht. pp. 23–84. 7580: 7562:"Is i de danske farvande i 1700-tallet" 6725: 6616: 6489:Academic dictionaries and encyclopedias 5658: 4213:Válfojohka → Kamajåkka → Abiskojaure → 3610:(only a small fraction is inland). The 3372:. This was brought about by a stagnant 3318:, the archipelago west of Estonia, the 2719:International Hydrographic Organization 2305:, that had been part of German-settled 1976: 12400: 9328:"Finnish Institute of Marine Research" 9109:. Regional Climate Studies. Springer. 8988:Schmitt, Rüdiger (1989). "BLACK SEA". 8794:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 8376:. National Museum Wales. 17 May 2016. 8130:Mars Moon Space Tv (30 January 2017), 7995: 7812:from the original on 29 September 2021 7704:"Tidal oscillations in the Baltic Sea" 7217: 7111: 6737: 6715:from the original on 25 February 2007. 5295:or at what are now the large lakes of 3594:The Baltic Sea is the world's largest 3253: 1762:tribe, during the spring months, as a 1702:of Latvia, the sea (and sometimes the 12483:Bodies of water of Kaliningrad Oblast 11930: 11307: 10846: 10699: 10322: 9431: 9313:Baltic Sea clickable map and details. 9083: 8666:The Gray Whale: Eschrichtius Robustus 8516:from the original on 19 November 2015 8140:from the original on 23 November 2021 8110:from the original on 28 December 2014 8067:Wolchover, Natalie (30 August 2012). 7643:"Salinity dynamics of the Baltic Sea" 7568:from the original on 18 February 2018 6997: 6974: 6795:, whereas the Northern Sea is called 5386:claimed that the object was a sunken 4222:(70 km; 43 mi) → Torne älv 3534:less evaporation, which is positive. 3491:The Baltic Sea flows out through the 3436:gone. However, in the famine year of 2990:Regions and basins of the Baltic Sea: 2469:The Baltic Sea is one of the largest 2256: 1804:in Germany, was a sacred site of the 1610: 1547: 12362: 11956: 9366:– Prehistory of the Baltic from the 9269:(Sunderland University Press, 2003). 9217:Scandinavian Economic History Review 9148:Journal of European Economic History 8850:from the original on 20 October 2017 8592:from the original on 30 October 2016 8419:"Baltic dolphin sightings confirmed" 8255:from the original on 15 October 2023 8097: 8048:from the original on 12 October 2017 7750:from the original on 4 December 2022 7315:from the original on 8 December 2015 6758: 5942: 5776:in Denmark (completed 1997) and the 5229:The Baltic Sea somewhat resembles a 4583: 3672: 3178:on the Polish coast and west of the 2119:virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea 1706:as well) is called the "Large Sea" ( 726:. The Baltic Sea drains through the 12493:Bodies of water of Saint Petersburg 12488:Bodies of water of Leningrad Oblast 8898: 8474:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 8002:Mikkelson, David (9 January 2015). 7516:from the original on 6 January 2017 7150:(in German) (39): 6. Archived from 6617:Benario, Herbert W. (1 July 1999). 6515:"Fragen zum Meer (Antworten) – IOW" 6495:from the original on 2 October 2022 3641:, as is the case with ocean water. 3238:), connect the Baltic Sea with the 2411: 1937:. This finally happened during the 13: 9003: 8586:"Angler filmt Wal in Ostsee-Bucht" 8553:KG, Ostsee-Zeitung GmbH & Co. 8425:from the original on 31 March 2019 8276:Oceanography: An Illustrated Guide 8122: 8079:from the original on 2 August 2017 7927:. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book. 7276:"Geography of the Baltic Sea Area" 6791:), where the Baltic Sea is called 6525:from the original on 20 April 2014 6217: 6208: 5402: 4148:(145 km; 90 mi) → Narva 3487:Depths of the Baltic Sea in meters 3149:Western and Eastern Gotland basins 1736:, the Baltic Sea was known as the 1727: 864: 14: 12554: 9301: 8991:Black Sea – Encyclopaedia Iranica 8937:from the original on 26 July 2023 8820:from the original on 26 July 2010 8711: 8555:"Finnwal in der Ostsee gesichtet" 8380:from the original on 27 July 2018 8035:"What is the Baltic Sea anomaly?" 7872:from the original on 27 July 2018 7776:Earth System Dynamics Discussions 7683:from the original on 21 July 2023 7412:from the original on 26 July 2018 7198: 7010:from the original on 4 April 2023 6873:from the original on 20 July 2023 6841:from the original on 20 July 2023 6423: 5562:, which is a main element in the 5351:Post-Littorina Sea, 4,000–present 4258:List of islands in the Baltic Sea 4218:(total 40 km; 25 mi) → 3803:(122 km; 76 mi) → Neva 3656:In contrast, the salinity of the 2299:gained most of the southern shore 2265:, various nations, including the 1887:, is likely to be a misspelling. 1122:. Pliny mentions an island named 1015:called it the Suebic Sea, Latin: 957:is part of the entrance, but the 848: 12381: 12372: 12371: 12361: 11915: 10680: 10301: 10300: 10288: 9404:The Helsinki Commission (HELCOM) 9289:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2011.00761.x 9210:Tijdschrift voor Skandinavistiek 8981:The Encyclopedia of Oceanography 8880:from the original on 4 June 2020 8720:from the original on 25 May 2022 8702:. Retrieved on 21 September 2017 8646:from the original on 4 July 2022 8625:. Retrieved on 7 September 2017. 8363:. HELCOM. Accessed 27 July 2018. 8158:Nissling, L.; A. Westin (1997). 8098:Main, Douglas (2 January 2012). 8014:from the original on 30 May 2020 7964:from the original on 30 May 2020 7864:Viktorsson, L. (16 April 2018). 6637:from the original on 13 May 2023 6312:List of rivers of the Baltic Sea 6302:Council of the Baltic Sea States 6269: 6255: 5291:, either through the straits of 5115: 5084: 3679:List of rivers of the Baltic Sea 3303:on the northernmost coastlines. 2446:, the Baltic Sea is enclosed by 2227:in rivalry with the port of the 1132:) with reference to accounts of 857:includes the Baltic Sea and the 29: 12543:Landforms of the Øresund Region 12382: 12209:Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral 9364:How the Baltic Sea was changing 9274:Sweden and the Baltic 1523–1721 8972: 8949: 8918: 8892: 8862: 8832: 8802: 8756: 8732: 8705: 8682: 8679:. Retrieved on 5 September 2017 8658: 8628: 8604: 8577: 8546: 8528: 8502: 8456: 8437: 8411: 8392: 8366: 8351: 8267: 8228: 8041:. HowStuffWorks, a division of 8033:Kershner, Kate (7 April 2015). 7976: 7941: 7884: 7762: 7695: 7633: 7592: 7554: 7528: 7502: 7484: 7465: 7451: 7438: 7424: 7367:"Baltic Sea area clickable map" 7359: 7327: 7295: 7268: 7242: 7218:Tiesel, Reiner (October 2003). 7211: 7169: 7131: 6968: 6945: 6923: 6904: 6885: 6853: 6823: 6814: 6802: 6777: 6731: 6701: 6649: 6350: 5644:once migrated into Baltic Sea. 5269:of all rivers flowing into it. 2981: 2393:Historic flood events were the 2382: 1684:, it is called the "West Sea" ( 1043:, but the first to name it the 912: 784:The Baltic Sea is connected by 9353:Encyclopedia of Baltic History 9196:The British Navy in the Baltic 8552: 8536:"Wieder Finnwal in der Ostsee" 8453:– Russian Geographical Society 8164:Marine Ecology Progress Series 7494:. Byar i Luleå. Archived from 7112:Kayali, Laura (13 July 2023). 6610: 6569: 6537: 6507: 6477: 6451: 6396: 6370: 3478: 3295:are common, especially on the 2287:German population was expelled 2238:and after the outbreak of the 1955:Livonian Brothers of the Sword 1808:tribe before Christianization. 1788: 1506: 811: 1: 12199:Church of the Savior on Blood 9140: 6985:United States Naval Institute 6759:Dini, Pietro Umberto (1997). 6459:"Text of Helsinki Convention" 6363: 5245:surveys show that before the 4599:Countries lands in the outer 4144:(430 km; 270 mi) → 3874:(774 km; 481 mi) → 3799:(224 km; 139 mi) → 3790:(280 km; 170 mi) → 3270:Traversing Baltic Sea and ice 3190:lies north of the islands of 3116:connects the Baltic Sea with 2164:river at the east end of the 315:8,000 km (5,000 mi) 12468:Bodies of water of Lithuania 12443:Federal waterways in Germany 10808:Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship 9058:10.1371/journal.pone.0012467 8714:"North Atlantic right whale" 8693:Occurrence Detail 1322462463 7983:Statistische Kurzinformation 6998:Kirby, Paul (4 April 2023). 5636:) and eastern population of 5233:, with two tributaries, the 3291:, but adjacent to the water 2406: 2240:Eastern Front (World War II) 1680:In another Finnic language, 35:Map of the Baltic Sea region 7: 10798:West Pomeranian Voivodeship 9368:Polish Geological Institute 8241:. Baltic University Press. 7605:Frontiers in Marine Science 6248: 5888:Through the development of 5638:North Atlantic right whales 5544:, the Baltic subspecies of 5538:, such as the large isopod 5355:The land is still emerging 5137:Evolution of the Baltic Sea 3794:(160 km; 99 mi) → 3667:major Baltic inflows (MBIs) 3573: 3499:. Due to the difference in 2327:Swedish submarine incidents 2317:. Neutral Sweden developed 2289:from all areas east of the 2207:. After the unification of 2140:In the eighteenth century, 2133:in Pomerania. However, the 1985:Main trading routes of the 1490: 1475: 1460: 1445: 1420: 1340: 1104:regiones tendatur usque in 901:at its narrowest part then 841:between Baltic Sea and the 253:1,601 km (995 mi) 10: 12559: 12463:Bodies of water of Finland 12458:Bodies of water of Estonia 12418:Seas of the Atlantic Ocean 10519:American Mediterranean Sea 9669:American Mediterranean Sea 9418:– Marine weather forecasts 9325:– a site maintained by the 9226:(U of London Press, 1967). 7435:, 16 February 2011, p. A8. 6221: 5896: 5745: 5741: 5662: 5406: 5397: 5370: 5073: 5069: 4622: 4255: 3676: 3023:6 = Northern Baltic Proper 2819:Island) and Kappel Kirke ( 2458:to the northeast, and the 1722: 1008:Etymology and nomenclature 953:. By this definition, the 651:not a well-defined measure 490:Suur-Pakri and Väike-Pakri 285:459 m (1,506 ft) 12478:Bodies of water of Sweden 12473:Bodies of water of Poland 12357: 12319: 12303: 12282: 12251: 12137: 12062: 11987: 11964: 11913: 11346: 11221: 11203: 11180: 11132: 11022: 10919: 10881: 10873:Inhabited islands in the 10734: 10677: 10496: 10440: 10424: 10373: 10357: 10282: 10256: 10223: 10005: 9912: 9644: 9556: 9473: 9115:10.1007/978-3-319-16006-1 7972:– via Researchgate. 7728:10.1134/S0001437013050123 7599:Mohrholz, Volker (2018). 7512:. TV 2. 19 January 2008. 6952:Activities 2006: Overview 6419:– via Google Books. 5076:Geology of the Baltic Sea 4618: 4531:West Estonian archipelago 4252:Islands and archipelagoes 4212: 4199: 4140: 4131: 4000: 3986: 3786: 3772: 3715: 3713:States sharing the basin 3712: 3709: 3706: 3703: 3700: 2712: 2505: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2395:All Saints' Flood of 1304 2223:and enlarged the port of 1485: 1470: 1455: 1440: 1415: 1335: 648: 641: 523: 323: 319: 311: 301: 289: 281: 273: 265: 261:193 km (120 mi) 257: 249: 245: 172: 162: 148: 102: 90: 50: 40: 28: 23: 12433:Geography of Scandinavia 12084:Central Saint Petersburg 10726:Countries bordering the 9475:Antarctic/Southern Ocean 8671:27 December 2022 at the 8617:7 September 2017 at the 8374:"Parvicardium hauniense" 8305:BMC Evolutionary Biology 8221:10.3389/fmars.2018.00225 7988:11 November 2012 at the 7948:Sweitzer, J (May 2019). 7618:10.3389/fmars.2018.00384 7477:25 November 2016 at the 6378:"Coalition Clean Baltic" 6343: 5748:Baltic Sea cruiseferries 5706:University of Gothenburg 5495:species: the brown alga 5367:The "Baltic Sea anomaly" 5106:formed an outlet to the 4519:or Uznam (split between 4227:Torne älv (hydrological) 3396:, Estonia, in late April 3381:harbor in January 2010. 2020:, a movement called the 12523:Ecoregions of Lithuania 12214:Saint Isaac's Cathedral 11032:Archipelago Sea Islands 9621:Prince Gustaf Adolf Sea 9377:Department of Geography 9173:Encyclopædia Britannica 8698:6 November 2018 at the 8449:31 October 2016 at the 8404:30 October 2016 at the 8075:. Live Science, Purch. 8043:InfoSpace Holdings LLC. 7668:10.5194/esd-13-373-2022 7536:"1771 – Nationalmuseet" 6957:14 January 2009 at the 6935:24 January 2012 at the 6916:22 October 2014 at the 6746:Oxford University Press 6738:Forbes, Nevill (1910). 6688:27 January 2021 at the 6603:1 December 2020 at the 6332:Ports of the Baltic Sea 6296:Baltic Sea Action Group 6286:Baltic (disambiguation) 6204:The Helsinki Convention 5883:Fehmarn Belt Fixed Link 5752:Ports of the Baltic Sea 4453:archipelago, including 4009:Kemijoki (river system) 3560:significant wave height 3444:. Even as far south as 3006:, partly also 3 & 4 1714: 1708: 1673:"East Sea", possibly a 1641: 1578: 1430: 1223:Name in other languages 1193: 977:Hydrography and biology 338:Archipelago Sea Islands 277:55 m (180 ft) 11753:Coastal Landscape Park 10803:Pomeranian Voivodeship 10776:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 9942:Great Australian Bight 9381:University of Helsinki 8925:Trakimavicius, Lukas. 8612:"Vi såg valen i viken" 8360:Parvicardium hauniense 8326:10.1186/1471-2148-9-70 7510:"Isvintrene i 40'erne" 5939: 5928: 5913: 5769: 5678: 5513:Parvicardium hauniense 5409:List of fish in Sweden 5253:. Several Pleistocene 4813:Other important ports: 4696: 4685: 4674: 4663: 4652: 4641: 4593: 4316: 4304: 4292: 4282: 4135:(source of Velikaya), 3591: 3488: 3397: 3279: 3271: 3263: 3093: 2439: 2421: 2160:, at the mouth of the 2114:Dominium maris baltici 2088: 2074: 2066: 1994: 1809: 1738: 1686: 1669: 1655: 1631: 1621: 1606: 1592: 1568: 1558: 1543: 1533: 1516: 1500: 1405: 1395: 1389: 1379: 1373: 1360: 1350: 1325: 1315: 1305: 1295: 1285: 1272: 1262: 1252: 1235: 1229: 1183: 1173: 1090: 1052: 1017: 845: 831: 823: 794:White Sea–Baltic Canal 16:Sea in northern Europe 12513:Ecoregions of Germany 12508:Ecoregions of Finland 12503:Ecoregions of Estonia 12498:Ecoregions of Denmark 11281:Stockholm Archipelago 10349:Marginal seas of the 9323:The Baltic Sea Portal 9255:(Cambridge UP, 1968). 9205:(Cambridge UP, 1973). 9184:(Cambridge UP, 2008). 9162:Dickson, Henry Newton 9084:Peter, Bruce (2009). 8956:Helcom : Welcome 8559:www.ostsee-zeitung.de 8481:: e.T15421A50368125. 7647:Earth System Dynamics 6897:15 March 2018 at the 6666:3 August 2017 at the 6588:18 April 2003 at the 6519:www.io-warnemuende.de 5934: 5919: 5904: 5763: 5672: 5663:Further information: 5642:functional extinction 5504:Platichthys solemdali 4691: 4680: 4669: 4658: 4647: 4632: 4591: 4495:Stockholm archipelago 4310: 4298: 4290:Stockholm archipelago 4288: 4265: 3691:, a tributary of the 3600:other brackish waters 3581: 3486: 3391: 3341:, the basin south of 3320:Stockholm archipelago 3277: 3269: 3261: 2989: 2770:) and Vejsnæs Nakke ( 2427: 2419: 2246:. The sinking of the 2123:Mare Nostrum Balticum 2080: 2072: 2056: 1984: 1796: 1698:). In the endangered 1612:[ˈø̂stəˌʂøːn] 1549:[ˈøstɐˌsøˀn̩] 837: 829: 819: 12538:Ecoregions of Sweden 12533:Ecoregions of Russia 12528:Ecoregions of Poland 12518:Ecoregions of Latvia 12259:Legislative Assembly 11236:Blekinge archipelago 10483:Gulf of St. Lawrence 9789:Gulf of St. Lawrence 6711:. 25 February 2007. 5881:Construction of the 5772:Construction of the 5659:Environmental status 5620:(remains found from 5566:of the low-salinity 5521:Cerastoderma glaucum 5392:geological formation 5361:post-glacial rebound 5151:(130,000–115,000 BC) 4923:Neustadt in Holstein 4377:Blekinge archipelago 4153:Narva (hydrological) 3716:Longest watercourse 3539:major Baltic inflows 3469:Pusa hispida botnica 3293:continental climates 2444:North Atlantic Ocean 2127:Ett Svenskt innanhav 1977:An arena of conflict 1963:their monastic state 1653:the former name was 945:; it is used by the 786:artificial waterways 667:that is enclosed by 293:21,700 km (1.76 12428:Geography of Europe 12274:Heads of Government 12269:City Administration 12243:World Heritage Site 12139:Society and culture 12114:Petrogradsky Island 11416:Trzebiatowski Coast 11387:Wolin National Park 10649:Sea of the Hebrides 10090:Gulf of Carpentaria 9884:Sea of the Hebrides 9513:King Haakon VII Sea 9334:on 14 February 2008 9283:9 (2011): 269–283. 9219:33 (1985): 193–207. 9212:16 (1995): 189–200. 9180:Fedorowicz, Jan K. 9049:2010PLoSO...512467O 8998:. pp. 310–313. 8317:2009BMCEE...9...70P 8176:1997MEPS..152..261N 7789:10.5194/esd-2021-13 7720:2013Ocgy...53..526M 7659:2022ESD....13..373L 6963:Helsinki Commission 6810:Old English Orosius 6728:, pp. 310–313. 6598:English text online 6239:Helsinki Commission 6136:Šventoji, Lithuania 5996:Šventoji, Lithuania 5890:offshore wind power 5764:Pedestrian pier in 5594:bottlenose dolphins 5314:, 130,000–115,000 ( 5156:(115,000–12,600 BC) 5154:Ice sheets and seas 4795:(Lithuania) 194,400 3808:Neva (hydrological) 3254:Temperature and ice 2959: / 2924: / 2879: / 2834: / 2789: / 2754: / 2490: 2229:Free City of Danzig 2059:Battle of the Sound 2048:Battle of Bornhöved 1732:At the time of the 1153:Proto-Indo-European 303:Residence time 70: / 12283:Emergency services 12124:Vasilyevsky Island 12109:New Holland Island 12042:Siege of Leningrad 11906:Vistula Spit canal 11833:Wyspa Sobieszewska 11064:Kallankari Islands 10820:Kaliningrad Oblast 10771:Schleswig-Holstein 10085:Gulf of California 9982:Mozambique Channel 9626:Queen Victoria Sea 9488:Bellingshausen Sea 9348:www.balticnest.org 9251:Roberts, Michael. 9201:Kent, Heinz S. K. 9194:Grainger, John D. 9167:"Baltic Sea" 9014:9 (2016) 3: 54–67. 8961:6 May 2007 at the 8876:. 23 August 2017. 8610:Jansson N.. 2007. 8565:on 30 October 2016 8185:10.3354/meps152261 7564:. Nationalmuseet. 7377:on 23 October 2007 7230:on 12 October 2012 7157:on 28 October 2012 7067:. 26 February 2024 6942:, 1 February 2008. 6820:Portham, 1880, p61 6797:Oceanus Germanicus 6761:Le lingue baltiche 6695:Nordisk familjebok 5940: 5929: 5925:Kaliningrad Oblast 5914: 5770: 5679: 5665:Baltic Sea hypoxia 5559:Monoporeia affinis 5384:tabloid newspapers 5373:Baltic Sea anomaly 5194:(4,000 BC–present) 5169:(12,600–10,300 BC) 5094:around 8700 years 4767:(Poland) 255,600 ( 4733:(Poland) 462,700 ( 4697: 4686: 4675: 4664: 4653: 4642: 4634:Vasilyevsky Island 4594: 4317: 4305: 4293: 4283: 3592: 3489: 3461:Halichoerus grypus 3398: 3374:high-pressure area 3280: 3272: 3264: 3204:Bay of Mecklenburg 3184:Kaliningrad Oblast 3170:In the south, the 3094: 2653:Belt Sea/Kattegat 2486: 2462:to the southeast. 2440: 2422: 2340:Kaliningrad Oblast 2323:territorial waters 2303:Kaliningrad Oblast 2257:Since World War II 2150:Great Northern War 2089: 2075: 2067: 1995: 1810: 1750:in his AD 98 1525:Germanic languages 959:Bay of Mecklenburg 871:Kingdom of Denmark 869:Historically, the 846: 832: 824: 750:(divided into the 746:. It includes the 12395: 12394: 12231:Hermitage Theatre 12177:Mariinsky Theatre 12094:Lakhtinsky Razliv 11924: 11923: 11301: 11300: 10840: 10839: 10693: 10692: 10687:Oceans portal 10609:Mediterranean Sea 10488:Gulf of Venezuela 10316: 10315: 10295:Oceans portal 9844:Mediterranean Sea 9794:Gulf of Venezuela 9586:East Siberian Sea 9528:Riiser-Larsen Sea 9272:Stiles, Andrina. 9187:Frost, Robert I. 9124:978-3-319-16006-1 8752:on 25 April 2011. 8640:Science in Poland 8542:on 15 April 2016. 8285:978-1-874545-37-8 8248:978-91-970017-0-0 8104:Popular Mechanics 7845:978-94-007-0667-5 7459:Helsingin Sanomat 7432:Helsingin Sanomat 7371:www.baltic.vtt.fi 7347:on 8 October 2011 6770:978-88-221-2803-4 6630:978-1-80034-609-3 6620:Tacitus: Germania 6200: 6199: 5876:Superfast Ferries 5847:, Lithuania; and 5782:Jutland Peninsula 5774:Great Belt Bridge 5509:Copenhagen cockle 5501:and the flounder 5435:shorthorn sculpin 5431:European flounder 5227: 5226: 5192:Modern Baltic Sea 5174:(10,300–9,500 BC) 5102:(Svea river) and 4807:(Finland) 180,350 4801:(Finland) 191,050 4789:(Germany) 212,700 4783:(Germany) 216,100 4777:(Germany) 247,000 4769:metropolitan area 4735:metropolitan area 4584:Coastal countries 4249: 4248: 4001:longer tributary 3780:(Ladoga-affluent 3673:Major tributaries 3617:The Baltic Sea's 3608:continental shelf 3463:) and the Baltic 3289:maritime climates 3174:lies east of the 3124:lies between the 2963:55.383°N 12.817°E 2928:55.283°N 12.450°E 2883:54.633°N 11.883°E 2838:54.767°N 11.017°E 2793:54.817°N 10.433°E 2758:54.783°N 9.9583°E 2710: 2709: 2682:Total Baltic Sea 2261:Since the end of 2187:. They bombarded 1939:Northern Crusades 1800:on the island of 1779:in his work, the 1700:Livonian language 1278:Romance languages 663:is an arm of the 657: 656: 24:Baltic Sea region 12550: 12385: 12384: 12375: 12374: 12367:Saint Petersburg 12365: 12364: 11979:Leningrad Oblast 11958:Saint Petersburg 11951: 11944: 11937: 11928: 11927: 11919: 11496:Ustronie Morskie 11485:Slovincian Coast 11352:Bay of Pomerania 11328: 11321: 11314: 11305: 11304: 10867: 10860: 10853: 10844: 10843: 10825:Leningrad Oblast 10720: 10713: 10706: 10697: 10696: 10685: 10684: 10343: 10336: 10329: 10320: 10319: 10304: 10303: 10293: 10292: 10225:Endorheic basins 10105:Gulf of Thailand 9957:Gulf of Khambhat 9452: 9445: 9438: 9429: 9428: 9343: 9341: 9339: 9330:. Archived from 9248: 9231:Niktalab, Poopak 9198:(Boydell, 2014). 9191:(Longman, 2000). 9177: 9169: 9157:(Boydell, 2012). 9136: 9099: 9080: 9070: 9060: 8999: 8984: 8966: 8953: 8947: 8946: 8944: 8942: 8922: 8916: 8915: 8913: 8911: 8896: 8890: 8889: 8887: 8885: 8866: 8860: 8859: 8857: 8855: 8836: 8830: 8829: 8827: 8825: 8816:. 23 July 2010. 8806: 8800: 8799: 8793: 8785: 8783: 8781: 8776:on 7 August 2019 8775: 8769:. Archived from 8768: 8760: 8754: 8753: 8751: 8745:. Archived from 8744: 8736: 8730: 8729: 8727: 8725: 8709: 8703: 8686: 8680: 8662: 8656: 8655: 8653: 8651: 8632: 8626: 8608: 8602: 8601: 8599: 8597: 8581: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8570: 8561:. Archived from 8550: 8544: 8543: 8538:. Archived from 8532: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8521: 8506: 8500: 8499: 8497: 8495: 8490: 8460: 8454: 8444:About the beluga 8441: 8435: 8434: 8432: 8430: 8415: 8409: 8396: 8390: 8389: 8387: 8385: 8370: 8364: 8362: 8355: 8349: 8348: 8338: 8328: 8296: 8290: 8289: 8271: 8265: 8264: 8262: 8260: 8232: 8226: 8225: 8223: 8199: 8190: 8189: 8187: 8170:(1/3): 261–271. 8155: 8149: 8148: 8147: 8145: 8126: 8120: 8119: 8117: 8115: 8095: 8089: 8088: 8086: 8084: 8064: 8058: 8057: 8055: 8053: 8030: 8024: 8023: 8021: 8019: 7999: 7993: 7980: 7974: 7973: 7971: 7969: 7945: 7939: 7938: 7920: 7911: 7909: 7905: 7903: 7897:. Archived from 7896: 7888: 7882: 7881: 7879: 7877: 7861: 7850: 7849: 7831: 7822: 7821: 7819: 7817: 7791: 7766: 7760: 7759: 7757: 7755: 7699: 7693: 7692: 7690: 7688: 7670: 7637: 7631: 7630: 7620: 7596: 7590: 7587: 7578: 7577: 7575: 7573: 7558: 7552: 7551: 7549: 7547: 7542:on 16 April 2017 7538:. Archived from 7532: 7526: 7525: 7523: 7521: 7506: 7500: 7499: 7498:on 27 July 2011. 7488: 7482: 7469: 7463: 7455: 7449: 7444:Derham, William 7442: 7436: 7428: 7422: 7421: 7419: 7417: 7406:"Our Baltic Sea" 7402: 7387: 7386: 7384: 7382: 7373:. Archived from 7363: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7346: 7339: 7331: 7325: 7324: 7322: 7320: 7314: 7307: 7299: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7287: 7282:on 21 April 2006 7278:. Archived from 7272: 7266: 7265: 7263: 7261: 7256:on 15 April 2014 7252:. Archived from 7246: 7240: 7239: 7237: 7235: 7215: 7209: 7208: 7196: 7194: 7192: 7173: 7167: 7166: 7164: 7162: 7156: 7145: 7135: 7129: 7128: 7126: 7124: 7109: 7103: 7102: 7100: 7098: 7083: 7077: 7076: 7074: 7072: 7057: 7051: 7050: 7048: 7046: 7029: 7020: 7019: 7017: 7015: 6995: 6989: 6988: 6972: 6966: 6949: 6943: 6927: 6921: 6911:Wend – West Wend 6908: 6902: 6889: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6878: 6872: 6865: 6857: 6851: 6850: 6848: 6846: 6827: 6821: 6818: 6812: 6806: 6800: 6785:Hartmann Schedel 6781: 6775: 6774: 6756: 6750: 6749: 6735: 6729: 6723: 6717: 6716: 6705: 6699: 6681: 6677: 6671: 6653: 6647: 6646: 6644: 6642: 6614: 6608: 6573: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6556: 6550:. Archived from 6549: 6541: 6535: 6534: 6532: 6530: 6511: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6500: 6481: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6470: 6461:. Archived from 6455: 6449: 6448: 6431:Niktalab, Poopak 6427: 6421: 6420: 6409:. Island Press. 6400: 6394: 6393: 6391: 6389: 6380:. Archived from 6374: 6357: 6354: 6279: 6277:Geography portal 6274: 6273: 6272: 6265: 6260: 6259: 5954:Ahlbeck (Usedom) 5943: 5849:Saint Petersburg 5784:, precisely the 5699:hydrogen sulfide 5550:fourhorn sculpin 5419:Atlantic herring 5219: 5212: 5205: 5189:(7,500–4,000 BC) 5184:(8,000–7,500 BC) 5179:(9,500–8,000 BC) 5133: 5132: 5119: 5088: 4868:Port of Naantali 4749:(Russia) 431,500 4707:Saint Petersburg 4638:Saint Petersburg 3744: 3739: 3728: 3723: 3698: 3697: 3582:Baltic Sea near 3352:and even in the 3188:Bay of Pomerania 3180:Sambia Peninsula 3128:capital city of 3118:Saint Petersburg 2974: 2973: 2971: 2970: 2969: 2964: 2960: 2957: 2956: 2955: 2952: 2939: 2938: 2936: 2935: 2934: 2929: 2925: 2922: 2921: 2920: 2917: 2894: 2893: 2891: 2890: 2889: 2884: 2880: 2877: 2876: 2875: 2872: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2845: 2844: 2839: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2830: 2827: 2804: 2803: 2801: 2800: 2799: 2794: 2790: 2787: 2786: 2785: 2782: 2769: 2768: 2766: 2765: 2764: 2759: 2755: 2752: 2751: 2750: 2747: 2595:Gulf of Finland 2566:Gulf of Bothnia 2491: 2485: 2460:Baltic countries 2412:Geophysical data 2319:incident weapons 2291:Oder-Neisse line 2285:After 1945, the 2271:chemical weapons 2249:Wilhelm Gustloff 2244:troop transports 2158:Saint Petersburg 2111:fought wars for 2093:Hanseatic League 2063:Dano-Swedish War 2007:Victual Brothers 1987:Hanseatic League 1861:Saxo Grammaticus 1741: 1717: 1711: 1689: 1672: 1667:, uses the term 1658: 1644: 1639:it was known as 1634: 1624: 1614: 1609: 1595: 1581: 1571: 1561: 1551: 1546: 1536: 1519: 1509: 1508: 1503: 1493: 1491:Baltiyskoye More 1488: 1487: 1478: 1476:Baltyjskaje Mora 1473: 1472: 1463: 1458: 1457: 1448: 1443: 1442: 1433: 1423: 1418: 1417: 1408: 1398: 1392: 1382: 1376: 1366:Slavic languages 1363: 1353: 1343: 1341:Valtikí Thálassa 1338: 1337: 1328: 1318: 1308: 1298: 1288: 1275: 1265: 1255: 1245:Baltic languages 1238: 1232: 1196: 1186: 1176: 1093: 1067:Finnic languages 1020: 949:, including the 937:in the south of 649:Shore length is 616:Saint Petersburg 297:10 acre⋅ft) 296: 152: 151:Primary outflows 106: 85: 84: 82: 81: 80: 75: 71: 68: 67: 66: 63: 53: 33: 21: 20: 12558: 12557: 12553: 12552: 12551: 12549: 12548: 12547: 12453:Seas of Denmark 12438:Seas of Germany 12398: 12397: 12396: 12391: 12353: 12315: 12299: 12278: 12247: 12204:Kazan Cathedral 12162:Peterhof Palace 12133: 12119:Pulkovo Heights 12089:Kamenny Islands 12077:Gulf of Finland 12058: 12037:Peter the Great 11983: 11960: 11955: 11925: 11920: 11911: 11679:Jastrzębia Góra 11342: 11332: 11302: 11297: 11217: 11199: 11176: 11128: 11018: 10915: 10877: 10871: 10841: 10836: 10730: 10724: 10694: 10689: 10679: 10673: 10524:Archipelago Sea 10492: 10453:Gulf of Finland 10448:Gulf of Bothnia 10436: 10432:English Channel 10420: 10391:Bay of Campeche 10369: 10353: 10347: 10317: 10312: 10287: 10278: 10252: 10219: 10195:South China Sea 10175:Seto Inland Sea 10095:Gulf of Fonseca 10001: 9908: 9759:Gulf of Finland 9754:Gulf of Bothnia 9739:English Channel 9709:Bay of Campeche 9674:Archipelago Sea 9640: 9596:Gulf of Boothia 9552: 9493:Cooperation Sea 9469: 9456: 9416:Baltic Sea Wind 9337: 9335: 9326: 9304: 9281:History Compass 9245: 9150:9 (1980): 5–20. 9143: 9125: 9096: 9006: 9004:Further reading 8975: 8970: 8969: 8963:Wayback Machine 8954: 8950: 8940: 8938: 8923: 8919: 8909: 8907: 8899:Korkman, Anna. 8897: 8893: 8883: 8881: 8868: 8867: 8863: 8853: 8851: 8838: 8837: 8833: 8823: 8821: 8808: 8807: 8803: 8787: 8786: 8779: 8777: 8773: 8766: 8764:"Archived copy" 8762: 8761: 8757: 8749: 8742: 8738: 8737: 8733: 8723: 8721: 8712:Berry, George. 8710: 8706: 8700:Wayback Machine 8687: 8683: 8673:Wayback Machine 8663: 8659: 8649: 8647: 8634: 8633: 8629: 8619:Wayback Machine 8609: 8605: 8595: 8593: 8582: 8578: 8568: 8566: 8551: 8547: 8534: 8533: 8529: 8519: 8517: 8508: 8507: 8503: 8493: 8491: 8461: 8457: 8451:Wayback Machine 8442: 8438: 8428: 8426: 8417: 8416: 8412: 8406:Wayback Machine 8397: 8393: 8383: 8381: 8372: 8371: 8367: 8358: 8356: 8352: 8297: 8293: 8286: 8272: 8268: 8258: 8256: 8249: 8233: 8229: 8208:Front. Mar. Sci 8200: 8193: 8156: 8152: 8143: 8141: 8127: 8123: 8113: 8111: 8096: 8092: 8082: 8080: 8065: 8061: 8051: 8049: 8039:How Stuff Works 8031: 8027: 8017: 8015: 8000: 7996: 7990:Wayback Machine 7981: 7977: 7967: 7965: 7946: 7942: 7935: 7921: 7914: 7907: 7904:on 6 June 2007. 7901: 7894: 7890: 7889: 7885: 7875: 7873: 7862: 7853: 7846: 7832: 7825: 7815: 7813: 7767: 7763: 7753: 7751: 7700: 7696: 7686: 7684: 7638: 7634: 7597: 7593: 7588: 7581: 7571: 7569: 7560: 7559: 7555: 7545: 7543: 7534: 7533: 7529: 7519: 7517: 7508: 7507: 7503: 7490: 7489: 7485: 7479:Wayback Machine 7470: 7466: 7456: 7452: 7448:(London, 1713). 7443: 7439: 7429: 7425: 7415: 7413: 7404: 7403: 7390: 7380: 7378: 7365: 7364: 7360: 7350: 7348: 7344: 7337: 7333: 7332: 7328: 7318: 7316: 7312: 7305: 7301: 7300: 7296: 7285: 7283: 7274: 7273: 7269: 7259: 7257: 7248: 7247: 7243: 7233: 7231: 7216: 7212: 7190: 7188: 7187:on 24 July 2014 7175: 7174: 7170: 7160: 7158: 7154: 7143: 7136: 7132: 7122: 7120: 7110: 7106: 7096: 7094: 7093:. 28 March 2024 7085: 7084: 7080: 7070: 7068: 7059: 7058: 7054: 7044: 7042: 7039:Financial Times 7030: 7023: 7013: 7011: 6996: 6992: 6973: 6969: 6959:Wayback Machine 6950: 6946: 6937:Wayback Machine 6928: 6924: 6918:Wayback Machine 6909: 6905: 6899:Wayback Machine 6890: 6886: 6876: 6874: 6870: 6863: 6859: 6858: 6854: 6844: 6842: 6835:www.livones.net 6829: 6828: 6824: 6819: 6815: 6807: 6803: 6793:Mare Germanicum 6782: 6778: 6771: 6757: 6753: 6736: 6732: 6724: 6720: 6707: 6706: 6702: 6690:Wayback Machine 6679: 6678: 6674: 6668:Wayback Machine 6654: 6650: 6640: 6638: 6631: 6615: 6611: 6605:Wayback Machine 6590:Wayback Machine 6574: 6570: 6560: 6558: 6554: 6547: 6543: 6542: 6538: 6528: 6526: 6513: 6512: 6508: 6498: 6496: 6483: 6482: 6478: 6468: 6466: 6457: 6456: 6452: 6445: 6428: 6424: 6417: 6401: 6397: 6387: 6385: 6376: 6375: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6360: 6355: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6327:Northern Europe 6275: 6270: 6268: 6261: 6254: 6251: 6226: 6220: 6218:1992 Convention 6211: 6209:1974 Convention 6206: 6201: 6159:Kamień Pomorski 5938:beach in Poland 5923:resort town in 5910:Klaipėda county 5908:resort town in 5899: 5758: 5744: 5730:to a source of 5711: 5667: 5661: 5640:that is facing 5614:humpback whales 5582:harbor porpoise 5541:Saduria entomon 5478:Gulf of Bothnia 5463:common starfish 5427:European plaice 5411: 5405: 5403:Fauna and flora 5400: 5375: 5369: 5324:, 12,600–10,300 5322:Baltic Ice Lake 5239:Gulf of Bothnia 5235:Gulf of Finland 5223: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5167:Baltic Ice Lake 5152: 5131: 5130: 5129: 5128: 5127: 5122:Much of modern 5120: 5112: 5111: 5089: 5078: 5072: 5067: 4810: 4627: 4621: 4586: 4335:Archipelago Sea 4299:Aerial view of 4260: 4254: 4217: 3857:, tributaries: 3795: 3742: 3737: 3726: 3721: 3704:Mean discharge 3685:mean discharges 3681: 3675: 3576: 3481: 3400:During winter, 3328:Curonian Lagoon 3324:Archipelago Sea 3312:Gulf of Finland 3308:Gulf of Bothnia 3297:Gulf of Finland 3256: 3114:Gulf of Finland 3098:Gulf of Bothnia 3087: 3081: 3072:14 = Belt Sea ( 3071: 3065: 3060: 3054: 3045: 3039: 3034: 3029: 3024: 3022: 3020:Gulf of Finland 3017: 3012: 3010:Archipelago Sea 3007: 3004:Gulf of Bothnia 3001: 2996: 2991: 2984: 2967: 2965: 2961: 2958: 2953: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2945: 2942:Falsterbo Point 2932: 2930: 2926: 2923: 2918: 2915: 2913: 2911: 2910: 2905:A line joining 2887: 2885: 2881: 2878: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2866: 2865: 2850:) on Island of 2842: 2840: 2836: 2833: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2821: 2820: 2797: 2795: 2791: 2788: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2775: 2762: 2760: 2756: 2753: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2740: 2735:A line joining 2715: 2429:Curonian Lagoon 2414: 2409: 2385: 2276:U.S. Government 2259: 2221:Polish Corridor 2191:, which guards 2166:Gulf of Finland 2154:Peter the Great 1979: 1869:an older name, 1791: 1744:Mare Sarmaticum 1730: 1728:Classical world 1725: 1665:Finnic language 1486:Балтийское море 1471:Балтыйскае мора 1461:Baltijs′ke More 1456:Балтійське море 1374:Morze Bałtyckie 1336:Βαλτική Θάλασσα 1236:Mare Germanicum 1225: 1199:Baltic language 1120:Pliny the Elder 1115:Natural History 1023:Germanic people 1010: 979: 915: 867: 865:Traffic history 851: 843:Gulf of Bothnia 814: 760:Gulf of Finland 748:Gulf of Bothnia 294: 218: 176: countries 105:Primary inflows 78: 76: 72: 69: 64: 61: 59: 57: 56: 36: 17: 12: 11: 5: 12556: 12546: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12525: 12520: 12515: 12510: 12505: 12500: 12495: 12490: 12485: 12480: 12475: 12470: 12465: 12460: 12455: 12450: 12448:Seas of Russia 12445: 12440: 12435: 12430: 12425: 12420: 12415: 12410: 12393: 12392: 12390: 12389: 12379: 12369: 12358: 12355: 12354: 12352: 12351: 12346: 12341: 12336: 12331: 12325: 12323: 12321:Transportation 12317: 12316: 12314: 12313: 12307: 12305: 12301: 12300: 12298: 12297: 12292: 12286: 12284: 12280: 12279: 12277: 12276: 12271: 12266: 12261: 12255: 12253: 12249: 12248: 12246: 12245: 12240: 12235: 12234: 12233: 12223: 12218: 12217: 12216: 12211: 12206: 12201: 12191: 12186: 12185: 12184: 12179: 12171: 12170: 12169: 12164: 12159: 12149: 12143: 12141: 12135: 12134: 12132: 12131: 12126: 12121: 12116: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12096: 12091: 12086: 12081: 12080: 12079: 12068: 12066: 12060: 12059: 12057: 12056: 12051: 12046: 12045: 12044: 12039: 12034: 12024: 12019: 12014: 12009: 12008: 12007: 11997: 11991: 11989: 11988:General topics 11985: 11984: 11982: 11981: 11976: 11971: 11965: 11962: 11961: 11954: 11953: 11946: 11939: 11931: 11922: 11921: 11914: 11912: 11910: 11909: 11902: 11895: 11894: 11893: 11888: 11879:Krynica Morska 11875: 11870: 11865: 11860: 11855: 11850: 11845: 11838: 11837: 11836: 11829: 11814: 11807: 11800: 11795: 11790: 11785: 11780: 11775: 11768: 11761: 11756: 11749: 11742: 11735: 11730: 11723: 11718: 11713: 11712: 11711: 11698: 11693: 11688: 11681: 11676: 11671: 11666: 11661: 11656: 11651: 11646: 11641: 11634: 11627: 11622: 11617: 11612: 11607: 11602: 11597: 11590: 11585: 11580: 11575: 11570: 11569: 11568: 11555: 11553:Żukowo Morskie 11550: 11545: 11540: 11535: 11530: 11525: 11518: 11513: 11508: 11503: 11498: 11493: 11488: 11481: 11474: 11469: 11464: 11459: 11454: 11449: 11444: 11439: 11434: 11429: 11424: 11419: 11412: 11407: 11400: 11395: 11390: 11383: 11376: 11369: 11362: 11355: 11347: 11344: 11343: 11334:Places on the 11331: 11330: 11323: 11316: 11308: 11299: 11298: 11296: 11295: 11290: 11289: 11288: 11286:Hallonstenarna 11278: 11273: 11268: 11263: 11258: 11253: 11248: 11243: 11238: 11233: 11227: 11225: 11219: 11218: 11216: 11215: 11209: 11207: 11201: 11200: 11198: 11197: 11192: 11186: 11184: 11178: 11177: 11175: 11174: 11169: 11164: 11159: 11154: 11149: 11144: 11138: 11136: 11130: 11129: 11127: 11126: 11121: 11116: 11111: 11106: 11101: 11096: 11091: 11086: 11081: 11076: 11071: 11066: 11061: 11056: 11051: 11046: 11045: 11044: 11039: 11028: 11026: 11020: 11019: 11017: 11016: 11011: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10986: 10981: 10976: 10971: 10966: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10946: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10925: 10923: 10917: 10916: 10914: 10913: 10908: 10903: 10898: 10893: 10887: 10885: 10879: 10878: 10870: 10869: 10862: 10855: 10847: 10838: 10837: 10835: 10834: 10829: 10828: 10827: 10822: 10812: 10811: 10810: 10805: 10800: 10790: 10785: 10780: 10779: 10778: 10773: 10763: 10762: 10761: 10756: 10746: 10741: 10735: 10732: 10731: 10723: 10722: 10715: 10708: 10700: 10691: 10690: 10678: 10675: 10674: 10672: 10671: 10666: 10664:Tyrrhenian Sea 10661: 10656: 10654:Sea of Marmara 10651: 10646: 10641: 10636: 10631: 10626: 10621: 10616: 10611: 10606: 10601: 10596: 10591: 10586: 10581: 10576: 10571: 10566: 10561: 10556: 10551: 10546: 10541: 10536: 10531: 10526: 10521: 10516: 10511: 10506: 10500: 10498: 10494: 10493: 10491: 10490: 10485: 10480: 10475: 10473:Gulf of Mexico 10470: 10465: 10460: 10458:Gulf of Guinea 10455: 10450: 10444: 10442: 10438: 10437: 10435: 10434: 10428: 10426: 10422: 10421: 10419: 10418: 10413: 10408: 10403: 10398: 10393: 10388: 10383: 10377: 10375: 10371: 10370: 10368: 10367: 10361: 10359: 10355: 10354: 10351:Atlantic Ocean 10346: 10345: 10338: 10331: 10323: 10314: 10313: 10311: 10310: 10298: 10283: 10280: 10279: 10277: 10276: 10271: 10266: 10260: 10258: 10254: 10253: 10251: 10250: 10245: 10240: 10235: 10229: 10227: 10221: 10220: 10218: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10182: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10165:Sea of Okhotsk 10162: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10145:Philippine Sea 10142: 10137: 10132: 10127: 10122: 10117: 10112: 10110:Gulf of Tonkin 10107: 10102: 10100:Gulf of Panama 10097: 10092: 10087: 10082: 10080:Gulf of Anadyr 10077: 10075:Gulf of Alaska 10072: 10070:East China Sea 10067: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10027: 10022: 10017: 10011: 10009: 10003: 10002: 10000: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9918: 9916: 9910: 9909: 9907: 9906: 9901: 9899:Tyrrhenian Sea 9896: 9891: 9889:Sea of Marmara 9886: 9881: 9876: 9871: 9866: 9861: 9856: 9851: 9846: 9841: 9836: 9831: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9801: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9781: 9779:Gulf of Mexico 9776: 9771: 9766: 9764:Gulf of Guinea 9761: 9756: 9751: 9746: 9741: 9736: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9716: 9711: 9706: 9704:Bay of Bothnia 9701: 9696: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9656: 9650: 9648: 9646:Atlantic Ocean 9642: 9641: 9639: 9638: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9568: 9562: 9560: 9554: 9553: 9551: 9550: 9545: 9540: 9535: 9530: 9525: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9505: 9500: 9498:Cosmonauts Sea 9495: 9490: 9485: 9479: 9477: 9471: 9470: 9455: 9454: 9447: 9440: 9432: 9426: 9425: 9419: 9413: 9407: 9401: 9396: 9388: 9383: 9370: 9361: 9358:Old shipwrecks 9355: 9350: 9345: 9320: 9315: 9310: 9303: 9302:External links 9300: 9299: 9298: 9294: 9291: 9277: 9270: 9263: 9256: 9249: 9243: 9227: 9220: 9213: 9206: 9199: 9192: 9185: 9178: 9158: 9153:Davey, James. 9151: 9142: 9139: 9138: 9137: 9123: 9100: 9094: 9086:Baltic Ferries 9081: 9026: 9016: 9005: 9002: 9001: 9000: 8985: 8974: 8971: 8968: 8967: 8948: 8917: 8891: 8861: 8831: 8801: 8755: 8731: 8704: 8681: 8677:Academic Press 8657: 8627: 8603: 8576: 8545: 8527: 8501: 8455: 8436: 8410: 8391: 8365: 8350: 8291: 8284: 8266: 8247: 8227: 8191: 8150: 8121: 8090: 8059: 8025: 8010:. Snopes.com. 7994: 7975: 7940: 7934:978-8790787004 7933: 7912: 7883: 7851: 7844: 7823: 7782:(1): 251–301. 7761: 7714:(5): 526–538. 7694: 7653:(1): 373–392. 7632: 7591: 7589:Alhonen, p. 88 7579: 7553: 7527: 7501: 7492:"Nödåret 1867" 7483: 7472:Sea Ice Survey 7464: 7450: 7437: 7423: 7388: 7358: 7326: 7294: 7267: 7241: 7210: 7168: 7130: 7104: 7078: 7052: 7021: 6990: 6967: 6944: 6940:Deutsche Welle 6922: 6903: 6884: 6852: 6822: 6813: 6801: 6776: 6769: 6751: 6730: 6718: 6700: 6672: 6648: 6629: 6609: 6568: 6557:on 30 May 2013 6536: 6506: 6476: 6450: 6443: 6422: 6415: 6395: 6384:on 2 June 2013 6368: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6359: 6358: 6348: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6293: 6288: 6282: 6281: 6280: 6266: 6250: 6247: 6222:Main article: 6219: 6216: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6198: 6197: 6193: 6192: 6186: 6180: 6174: 6168: 6162: 6156: 6150: 6144: 6138: 6133: 6127: 6121: 6115: 6109: 6103: 6097: 6091: 6085: 6079: 6073: 6067: 6061: 6055: 6049: 6036: 6035: 6034: 6028: 6022: 6016: 6010: 6004: 5998: 5993: 5987: 5981: 5975: 5969: 5963: 5957: 5941: 5898: 5895: 5778:Øresund Bridge 5743: 5740: 5720:Climate change 5688:eutrophication 5660: 5657: 5653:basking sharks 5647:Other notable 5586:Danish straits 5532:relict species 5517:lagoon cockles 5498:Fucus radicans 5443:European perch 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5371:Main article: 5368: 5365: 5353: 5352: 5349: 5343: 5340:Mastogloia Sea 5337: 5331: 5325: 5319: 5225: 5224: 5222: 5221: 5214: 5207: 5199: 5196: 5195: 5182:Mastogloia Sea 5163: 5162: 5158: 5157: 5145: 5144: 5140: 5139: 5121: 5114: 5113: 5090: 5083: 5082: 5081: 5080: 5079: 5074:Main article: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5065: 5064: 5063: 5057: 5051: 5045: 5039: 5028: 5027: 5026: 5020: 5009: 5008: 5007: 5001: 4995: 4989: 4983: 4972: 4971: 4970: 4959: 4958: 4957: 4951: 4940: 4939: 4938: 4932: 4926: 4920: 4914: 4908: 4902: 4896: 4885: 4884: 4883: 4877: 4871: 4865: 4859: 4853: 4842: 4841: 4840: 4834: 4828: 4816: 4809: 4808: 4802: 4796: 4790: 4784: 4778: 4772: 4762: 4756: 4750: 4744: 4738: 4728: 4722: 4716: 4710: 4703: 4623:Main article: 4620: 4617: 4601:drainage basin 4585: 4582: 4581: 4580: 4570: 4560: 4559: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4528: 4514: 4513: 4512: 4492: 4482: 4472: 4462: 4448: 4438: 4428: 4418: 4408: 4398: 4384: 4374: 4373: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4332: 4256:Main article: 4253: 4250: 4247: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4234: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4223: 4211: 4198: 4195: 4192: 4189: 4186: 4183: 4180: 4173: 4172: 4169: 4166: 4163: 4160: 4157: 4154: 4150: 4149: 4139: 4130: 4127: 4124: 4121: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4105: 4104: 4102: 4097: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4079: 4073: 4072: 4066: 4056:Czech Republic 4053: 4050: 4047: 4044: 4041: 4038: 4035: 4029: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4019: 4016: 4013: 4010: 4006: 4005: 3999: 3985: 3982: 3979: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3967: 3960: 3959: 3957: 3944: 3941: 3938: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3926: 3920: 3919: 3917: 3904: 3901: 3898: 3895: 3892: 3889: 3886: 3880: 3879: 3869: 3852: 3849: 3846: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3834: 3828: 3827: 3824: 3821: 3818: 3815: 3812: 3809: 3805: 3804: 3785: 3771: 3768: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3756: 3753: 3746: 3745: 3740: 3735: 3732: 3729: 3724: 3718: 3717: 3714: 3711: 3708: 3705: 3702: 3683:The rating of 3674: 3671: 3658:Danish straits 3598:sea. Only two 3575: 3572: 3493:Danish straits 3480: 3477: 3358:William Derham 3354:Danish straits 3255: 3252: 3246:strait in the 3216:Danish straits 3090:Danish straits 2983: 2980: 2979: 2978: 2977: 2976: 2968:55.383; 12.817 2933:55.283; 12.450 2896: 2888:54.633; 11.883 2860:Guldborg Sound 2855: 2843:54.767; 11.017 2806: 2798:54.817; 10.433 2763:54.783; 9.9583 2714: 2711: 2708: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2678: 2675: 2672: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2650: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2621: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2592: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2563: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2538: 2537:Baltic proper 2534: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2508: 2507: 2506:Average depth 2504: 2503:Maximum depth 2501: 2498: 2495: 2442:An arm of the 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2384: 2381: 2362:, Estonia, to 2358:en route from 2336:European Union 2321:to defend its 2258: 2255: 2040:Polabian Slavs 1978: 1975: 1959:Teutonic Order 1818:Wendish tribes 1790: 1787: 1775:called it the 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1720: 1719: 1692:South Estonian 1678: 1521: 1496:Serbo-Croatian 1421:Baltijsko More 1416:Балтийско море 1224: 1221: 1096:Adam of Bremen 1071:Medieval Latin 1059:Adam of Bremen 1049:Medieval Latin 1009: 1006: 978: 975: 969:, Sweden, and 955:Danish straits 951:Drogden Tunnel 947:Øresund Bridge 914: 911: 866: 863: 850: 849:Administration 847: 813: 810: 734:by way of the 728:Danish straits 709:European Plain 665:Atlantic Ocean 655: 654: 646: 645: 643: 639: 638: 525: 521: 520: 327: 321: 320: 317: 316: 313: 309: 308: 305: 299: 298: 291: 287: 286: 283: 279: 278: 275: 271: 270: 267: 263: 262: 259: 255: 254: 251: 247: 246: 243: 242: 228:Czech Republic 177: 170: 169: 166: 164:Catchment area 160: 159: 157:Danish straits 154: 146: 145: 108: 100: 99: 94: 88: 87: 54: 48: 47: 42: 38: 37: 34: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12555: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12529: 12526: 12524: 12521: 12519: 12516: 12514: 12511: 12509: 12506: 12504: 12501: 12499: 12496: 12494: 12491: 12489: 12486: 12484: 12481: 12479: 12476: 12474: 12471: 12469: 12466: 12464: 12461: 12459: 12456: 12454: 12451: 12449: 12446: 12444: 12441: 12439: 12436: 12434: 12431: 12429: 12426: 12424: 12423:European seas 12421: 12419: 12416: 12414: 12413:Baltic region 12411: 12409: 12406: 12405: 12403: 12388: 12380: 12378: 12370: 12368: 12360: 12359: 12356: 12350: 12347: 12345: 12342: 12340: 12337: 12335: 12332: 12330: 12327: 12326: 12324: 12322: 12318: 12312: 12309: 12308: 12306: 12302: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12288: 12287: 12285: 12281: 12275: 12272: 12270: 12267: 12265: 12262: 12260: 12257: 12256: 12254: 12250: 12244: 12241: 12239: 12236: 12232: 12229: 12228: 12227: 12224: 12222: 12219: 12215: 12212: 12210: 12207: 12205: 12202: 12200: 12197: 12196: 12195: 12192: 12190: 12187: 12183: 12180: 12178: 12175: 12174: 12172: 12168: 12167:Winter Palace 12165: 12163: 12160: 12158: 12155: 12154: 12153: 12150: 12148: 12145: 12144: 12142: 12140: 12136: 12130: 12127: 12125: 12122: 12120: 12117: 12115: 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12090: 12087: 12085: 12082: 12078: 12075: 12074: 12073: 12070: 12069: 12067: 12065: 12061: 12055: 12052: 12050: 12047: 12043: 12040: 12038: 12035: 12033: 12030: 12029: 12028: 12025: 12023: 12020: 12018: 12015: 12013: 12010: 12006: 12003: 12002: 12001: 11998: 11996: 11993: 11992: 11990: 11986: 11980: 11977: 11975: 11972: 11970: 11967: 11966: 11963: 11959: 11952: 11947: 11945: 11940: 11938: 11933: 11932: 11929: 11918: 11908: 11907: 11903: 11901: 11900: 11896: 11892: 11889: 11887: 11883: 11882: 11881: 11880: 11876: 11874: 11871: 11869: 11868:Kąty Rybackie 11866: 11864: 11861: 11859: 11856: 11854: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11844: 11843: 11842:Bay of Gdańsk 11839: 11835: 11834: 11830: 11828: 11827: 11826:Wyspa Portowa 11822: 11821: 11820: 11819: 11815: 11813: 11812: 11808: 11806: 11805: 11801: 11799: 11796: 11794: 11791: 11789: 11786: 11784: 11781: 11779: 11776: 11774: 11773: 11769: 11767: 11766: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11754: 11750: 11748: 11747: 11746:Hel Peninsula 11743: 11741: 11740: 11736: 11734: 11731: 11729: 11728: 11724: 11722: 11719: 11717: 11714: 11710: 11706: 11705: 11704: 11703: 11699: 11697: 11694: 11692: 11689: 11687: 11686: 11682: 11680: 11677: 11675: 11672: 11670: 11667: 11665: 11662: 11660: 11657: 11655: 11652: 11650: 11647: 11645: 11642: 11640: 11639: 11635: 11633: 11632: 11628: 11626: 11623: 11621: 11618: 11616: 11613: 11611: 11608: 11606: 11603: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11595: 11591: 11589: 11586: 11584: 11583:Wicko Morskie 11581: 11579: 11576: 11574: 11571: 11567: 11563: 11562: 11561: 11560: 11556: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11546: 11544: 11541: 11539: 11536: 11534: 11531: 11529: 11526: 11524: 11523: 11519: 11517: 11514: 11512: 11509: 11507: 11504: 11502: 11499: 11497: 11494: 11492: 11489: 11487: 11486: 11482: 11480: 11479: 11475: 11473: 11470: 11468: 11465: 11463: 11460: 11458: 11455: 11453: 11450: 11448: 11445: 11443: 11440: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11428: 11425: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11417: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11406: 11405: 11401: 11399: 11396: 11394: 11391: 11389: 11388: 11384: 11382: 11381: 11377: 11375: 11374: 11370: 11368: 11367: 11363: 11361: 11360: 11356: 11354: 11353: 11349: 11348: 11345: 11341: 11337: 11329: 11324: 11322: 11317: 11315: 11310: 11309: 11306: 11294: 11291: 11287: 11284: 11283: 11282: 11279: 11277: 11274: 11272: 11269: 11267: 11264: 11262: 11259: 11257: 11254: 11252: 11249: 11247: 11244: 11242: 11239: 11237: 11234: 11232: 11229: 11228: 11226: 11224: 11220: 11214: 11211: 11210: 11208: 11206: 11202: 11196: 11193: 11191: 11188: 11187: 11185: 11183: 11179: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11160: 11158: 11155: 11153: 11150: 11148: 11145: 11143: 11140: 11139: 11137: 11135: 11131: 11125: 11122: 11120: 11117: 11115: 11112: 11110: 11107: 11105: 11102: 11100: 11097: 11095: 11092: 11090: 11087: 11085: 11082: 11080: 11077: 11075: 11072: 11070: 11067: 11065: 11062: 11060: 11057: 11055: 11052: 11050: 11047: 11043: 11040: 11038: 11035: 11034: 11033: 11030: 11029: 11027: 11025: 11021: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10990: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10980: 10977: 10975: 10972: 10970: 10967: 10965: 10962: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10926: 10924: 10922: 10918: 10912: 10909: 10907: 10904: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10894: 10892: 10889: 10888: 10886: 10884: 10880: 10876: 10868: 10863: 10861: 10856: 10854: 10849: 10848: 10845: 10833: 10830: 10826: 10823: 10821: 10818: 10817: 10816: 10813: 10809: 10806: 10804: 10801: 10799: 10796: 10795: 10794: 10791: 10789: 10786: 10784: 10781: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10768: 10767: 10764: 10760: 10757: 10755: 10752: 10751: 10750: 10747: 10745: 10742: 10740: 10737: 10736: 10733: 10729: 10721: 10716: 10714: 10709: 10707: 10702: 10701: 10698: 10688: 10683: 10676: 10670: 10667: 10665: 10662: 10660: 10657: 10655: 10652: 10650: 10647: 10645: 10642: 10640: 10637: 10635: 10632: 10630: 10627: 10625: 10624:Norwegian Sea 10622: 10620: 10617: 10615: 10612: 10610: 10607: 10605: 10602: 10600: 10597: 10595: 10594:Levantine Sea 10592: 10590: 10587: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10575: 10572: 10570: 10567: 10565: 10564:Greenland Sea 10562: 10560: 10557: 10555: 10554:Caribbean Sea 10552: 10550: 10547: 10545: 10542: 10540: 10537: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10529:Argentine Sea 10527: 10525: 10522: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10507: 10505: 10502: 10501: 10499: 10495: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10478:Gulf of Sidra 10476: 10474: 10471: 10469: 10468:Gulf of Maine 10466: 10464: 10461: 10459: 10456: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10445: 10443: 10439: 10433: 10430: 10429: 10427: 10423: 10417: 10414: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10404: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10394: 10392: 10389: 10387: 10386:Bay of Biscay 10384: 10382: 10379: 10378: 10376: 10372: 10366: 10363: 10362: 10360: 10356: 10352: 10344: 10339: 10337: 10332: 10330: 10325: 10324: 10321: 10309: 10308: 10299: 10297: 10296: 10291: 10285: 10284: 10281: 10275: 10272: 10270: 10267: 10265: 10262: 10261: 10259: 10255: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10239: 10236: 10234: 10231: 10230: 10228: 10226: 10222: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10115:Halmahera Sea 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10031: 10028: 10026: 10023: 10021: 10018: 10016: 10013: 10012: 10010: 10008: 10007:Pacific Ocean 10004: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9977:Laccadive Sea 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9962:Gulf of Kutch 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9952:Gulf of Aqaba 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9932:Bay of Bengal 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9919: 9917: 9915: 9911: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9892: 9890: 9887: 9885: 9882: 9880: 9877: 9875: 9872: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9859:Norwegian Sea 9857: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9840: 9837: 9835: 9832: 9830: 9829:Levantine Sea 9827: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9797: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9784:Gulf of Sidra 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9774:Gulf of Maine 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9760: 9757: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9749:Greenland Sea 9747: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9729:Caribbean Sea 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9699:Bay of Biscay 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9679:Argentine Sea 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9651: 9649: 9647: 9643: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9591:Greenland Sea 9589: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9566:Amundsen Gulf 9564: 9563: 9561: 9559: 9555: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9508:D'Urville Sea 9506: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9481: 9480: 9478: 9476: 9472: 9468: 9464: 9460: 9453: 9448: 9446: 9441: 9439: 9434: 9433: 9430: 9423: 9420: 9417: 9414: 9411: 9408: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9394: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9382: 9378: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9365: 9362: 9360:in the Baltic 9359: 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9333: 9329: 9324: 9321: 9319: 9316: 9314: 9311: 9309: 9306: 9305: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9286: 9282: 9278: 9275: 9271: 9268: 9264: 9261: 9257: 9254: 9250: 9246: 9244:9786225740457 9240: 9236: 9232: 9228: 9225: 9221: 9218: 9214: 9211: 9207: 9204: 9200: 9197: 9193: 9190: 9186: 9183: 9179: 9175: 9174: 9168: 9163: 9159: 9156: 9152: 9149: 9145: 9144: 9134: 9130: 9126: 9120: 9116: 9112: 9108: 9107: 9101: 9097: 9095:9781906608057 9091: 9087: 9082: 9078: 9074: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9050: 9046: 9043:(9): e12467. 9042: 9038: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9025: 9024:0-444-41884-9 9021: 9017: 9015: 9013: 9012:Baltic Worlds 9008: 9007: 8997: 8993: 8992: 8986: 8982: 8977: 8976: 8964: 8960: 8957: 8952: 8936: 8932: 8928: 8921: 8906: 8902: 8895: 8879: 8875: 8871: 8865: 8849: 8845: 8844:Science Daily 8841: 8835: 8819: 8815: 8811: 8805: 8797: 8791: 8772: 8765: 8759: 8748: 8741: 8735: 8719: 8715: 8708: 8701: 8697: 8694: 8690: 8685: 8678: 8674: 8670: 8667: 8661: 8645: 8641: 8637: 8631: 8624: 8620: 8616: 8613: 8607: 8591: 8587: 8580: 8564: 8560: 8556: 8549: 8541: 8537: 8531: 8515: 8511: 8505: 8489: 8484: 8480: 8476: 8475: 8470: 8468: 8459: 8452: 8448: 8445: 8440: 8424: 8420: 8414: 8407: 8403: 8400: 8395: 8379: 8375: 8369: 8361: 8354: 8346: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8327: 8322: 8318: 8314: 8310: 8306: 8302: 8295: 8287: 8281: 8277: 8270: 8254: 8250: 8244: 8240: 8239: 8231: 8222: 8217: 8213: 8209: 8205: 8198: 8196: 8186: 8181: 8177: 8173: 8169: 8165: 8161: 8154: 8139: 8135: 8134: 8125: 8109: 8105: 8101: 8094: 8078: 8074: 8070: 8063: 8047: 8044: 8040: 8036: 8029: 8013: 8009: 8005: 7998: 7991: 7987: 7984: 7979: 7963: 7959: 7955: 7951: 7944: 7936: 7930: 7926: 7919: 7917: 7908:(352 KB) 7900: 7893: 7887: 7871: 7867: 7860: 7858: 7856: 7847: 7841: 7837: 7830: 7828: 7811: 7807: 7803: 7799: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7781: 7777: 7773: 7765: 7749: 7745: 7741: 7737: 7733: 7729: 7725: 7721: 7717: 7713: 7709: 7705: 7698: 7682: 7678: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7652: 7648: 7644: 7636: 7628: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7610: 7606: 7602: 7595: 7586: 7584: 7567: 7563: 7557: 7541: 7537: 7531: 7515: 7511: 7505: 7497: 7493: 7487: 7480: 7476: 7473: 7468: 7461: 7460: 7454: 7447: 7441: 7434: 7433: 7427: 7411: 7407: 7401: 7399: 7397: 7395: 7393: 7376: 7372: 7368: 7362: 7343: 7336: 7330: 7311: 7304: 7298: 7281: 7277: 7271: 7255: 7251: 7245: 7229: 7225: 7221: 7214: 7206: 7202: 7186: 7182: 7178: 7172: 7153: 7149: 7141: 7134: 7119: 7115: 7108: 7092: 7088: 7082: 7066: 7062: 7056: 7041: 7040: 7035: 7028: 7026: 7009: 7005: 7001: 6994: 6986: 6982: 6978: 6971: 6964: 6960: 6956: 6953: 6948: 6941: 6938: 6934: 6931: 6926: 6919: 6915: 6912: 6907: 6900: 6896: 6893: 6888: 6869: 6862: 6856: 6840: 6836: 6832: 6826: 6817: 6811: 6805: 6798: 6794: 6790: 6786: 6780: 6772: 6766: 6762: 6755: 6747: 6743: 6742: 6734: 6727: 6722: 6714: 6710: 6704: 6697: 6696: 6691: 6687: 6684: 6676: 6669: 6665: 6662: 6658: 6652: 6636: 6632: 6626: 6622: 6621: 6613: 6606: 6602: 6599: 6595: 6591: 6587: 6584: 6580: 6579: 6572: 6553: 6546: 6540: 6524: 6520: 6516: 6510: 6494: 6490: 6486: 6480: 6465:on 2 May 2014 6464: 6460: 6454: 6446: 6444:9786225740457 6440: 6436: 6432: 6426: 6418: 6416:9781559639712 6412: 6408: 6407: 6399: 6383: 6379: 6373: 6369: 6353: 6349: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6322:Nord Stream 2 6320: 6318: 6317:Nord Stream 1 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6291:Baltic region 6289: 6287: 6284: 6283: 6278: 6267: 6264: 6263:Oceans portal 6258: 6253: 6246: 6242: 6240: 6235: 6232: 6225: 6215: 6196: 6190: 6187: 6184: 6181: 6178: 6175: 6172: 6169: 6166: 6163: 6160: 6157: 6154: 6151: 6148: 6145: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6131: 6128: 6125: 6122: 6119: 6116: 6113: 6110: 6107: 6104: 6101: 6098: 6095: 6092: 6089: 6086: 6083: 6080: 6077: 6074: 6071: 6068: 6065: 6062: 6059: 6056: 6053: 6050: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6042: 6041: 6037: 6032: 6029: 6026: 6023: 6020: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6008: 6005: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5991: 5988: 5985: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5973: 5970: 5967: 5964: 5961: 5958: 5955: 5952: 5951: 5950: 5949: 5945: 5944: 5937: 5933: 5926: 5922: 5918: 5911: 5907: 5903: 5894: 5891: 5886: 5884: 5879: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5852: 5850: 5846: 5842: 5838: 5834: 5830: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5802: 5798: 5793: 5791: 5790:oil pollution 5787: 5783: 5779: 5775: 5767: 5762: 5757: 5753: 5749: 5739: 5737: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5717: 5715: 5709: 5707: 5702: 5700: 5696: 5691: 5689: 5684: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5656: 5654: 5650: 5645: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5630:Bothnian Gulf 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5606:beaked whales 5603: 5599: 5598:beluga whales 5595: 5591: 5587: 5583: 5579: 5575: 5571: 5569: 5565: 5564:benthic fauna 5561: 5560: 5555: 5554:glacial lakes 5551: 5547: 5543: 5542: 5537: 5533: 5528: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5514: 5510: 5506: 5505: 5500: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5487: 5483: 5479: 5474: 5472: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5456: 5452: 5448: 5447:northern pike 5444: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5423:European hake 5420: 5416: 5410: 5395: 5393: 5389: 5385: 5380: 5374: 5364: 5362: 5358: 5357:isostatically 5350: 5348:, 7,500–4,000 5347: 5346:Littorina Sea 5344: 5342:, 8,000–7,500 5341: 5338: 5336:, 9,500–8,000 5335: 5332: 5330:, 10,300–9500 5329: 5326: 5323: 5320: 5317: 5313: 5310: 5309: 5308: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5270: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5220: 5215: 5213: 5208: 5206: 5201: 5200: 5198: 5197: 5193: 5188: 5187:Littorina Sea 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5165: 5164: 5160: 5159: 5155: 5150: 5147: 5146: 5142: 5141: 5138: 5135: 5134: 5125: 5118: 5109: 5105: 5101: 5097: 5093: 5087: 5077: 5061: 5058: 5055: 5052: 5049: 5046: 5043: 5040: 5037: 5034: 5033: 5032: 5029: 5024: 5021: 5018: 5015: 5014: 5013: 5010: 5005: 5002: 4999: 4996: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4984: 4981: 4978: 4977: 4976: 4973: 4968: 4965: 4964: 4963: 4960: 4955: 4952: 4949: 4946: 4945: 4944: 4941: 4936: 4933: 4930: 4927: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4915: 4912: 4909: 4906: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4894: 4891: 4890: 4889: 4886: 4881: 4878: 4875: 4872: 4869: 4866: 4863: 4860: 4857: 4854: 4851: 4848: 4847: 4846: 4843: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4823: 4822: 4821: 4818: 4817: 4815: 4814: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4797: 4794: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4773: 4770: 4766: 4763: 4760: 4757: 4754: 4751: 4748: 4745: 4742: 4739: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4717: 4714: 4711: 4708: 4705: 4704: 4702: 4701: 4694: 4690: 4683: 4679: 4672: 4668: 4661: 4657: 4650: 4646: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4626: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4602: 4597: 4590: 4578: 4574: 4571: 4568: 4564: 4561: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4538: 4536: 4532: 4529: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4515: 4510: 4506: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4496: 4493: 4490: 4486: 4483: 4480: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4466: 4463: 4460: 4456: 4452: 4449: 4446: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4432: 4429: 4426: 4422: 4419: 4416: 4412: 4409: 4406: 4402: 4399: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4385: 4382: 4378: 4375: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4342: 4340: 4336: 4333: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4319: 4318: 4314: 4309: 4302: 4297: 4291: 4287: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4268: 4264: 4259: 4226: 4225: 4221: 4216: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4178: 4175: 4174: 4152: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4138: 4134: 4110: 4107: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4078: 4075: 4074: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4054: 4034: 4031: 4030: 4008: 4007: 4004: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3965: 3962: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3945: 3925: 3922: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3905: 3885: 3882: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3870: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3853: 3833: 3830: 3829: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3793: 3789: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3751: 3748: 3747: 3741: 3736: 3733: 3730: 3725: 3720: 3719: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3680: 3670: 3668: 3663: 3659: 3654: 3651: 3647: 3642: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3623: 3620: 3615: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3589: 3585: 3580: 3571: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3556: 3552: 3549: 3544: 3540: 3535: 3533: 3532:precipitation 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3504: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3485: 3476: 3472: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3453: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3433: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3395: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3380: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3361: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3346: 3344: 3340: 3335: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3304: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3285:Gotland Basin 3276: 3268: 3260: 3251: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3208:Bay of Lübeck 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3176:Hel Peninsula 3173: 3172:Bay of Gdańsk 3168: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3141: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3091: 3085: 3079: 3075: 3069: 3064: 3063:Baltic Proper 3058: 3053: 3049: 3044:/Gdansk Basin 3043: 3042:Bay of Gdańsk 3038: 3033: 3032:Gotland Basin 3028: 3027:Gotland Basin 3021: 3016: 3011: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2988: 2972: 2943: 2937: 2908: 2904: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2863: 2861: 2856: 2853: 2847: 2818: 2814: 2812: 2807: 2802: 2773: 2767: 2738: 2734: 2732: 2727: 2726: 2724: 2723: 2722: 2720: 2681: 2680: 2652: 2651: 2624:Gulf of Riga 2623: 2622: 2594: 2593: 2565: 2564: 2536: 2535: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2509: 2492: 2489: 2484: 2482: 2478: 2477: 2472: 2467: 2463: 2461: 2457: 2454:to the west, 2453: 2449: 2445: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2418: 2404: 2401: 2400:flood of 1872 2396: 2391: 2389: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2371: 2370: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2337: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2281: 2277: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2254: 2251: 2250: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2232: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2138: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2086: 2085: 2079: 2071: 2064: 2060: 2055: 2051: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1992: 1988: 1983: 1974: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1888: 1886: 1885:Gesta Danorum 1882: 1878: 1874: 1873: 1868: 1867: 1866:Gesta Danorum 1862: 1858: 1857: 1852: 1848: 1847: 1842: 1838: 1833: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1812:In the early 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1786: 1784: 1783: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1740: 1739:Mare Suebicum 1735: 1716: 1710: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1679: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1662: 1657: 1656:Keleti-tenger 1652: 1648: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1585: 1580: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1513: 1507:Балтичко море 1502: 1501:Baltičko more 1497: 1492: 1482: 1477: 1467: 1462: 1452: 1447: 1446:Baltičko More 1441:Балтичко Море 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1412: 1407: 1406:Baltsko morje 1402: 1397: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1375: 1370: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1316:Marea Baltică 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1279: 1274: 1273:Mare Balticum 1269: 1264: 1263:Baltijos jūra 1259: 1254: 1253:Baltijas jūra 1249: 1246: 1242: 1241: 1240: 1237: 1231: 1230:Mare Suebicum 1220: 1218: 1214: 1209: 1207: 1206: 1202:Proto-Slavic 1200: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1149: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1126: 1121: 1117: 1116: 1110: 1108: 1107: 1103: 1097: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1055: 1054:Mare Balticum 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1018:Mare Suebicum 1014: 1005: 1001: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 974: 972: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 933:and connects 932: 928: 924: 920: 910: 908: 904: 900: 897:; and in the 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 862: 860: 856: 844: 840: 836: 828: 822: 821:Hel Peninsula 818: 809: 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 782: 780: 776: 775:Baltic Proper 771: 769: 768:Bay of Gdańsk 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 712: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 652: 647: 644: 640: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 597: 593: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 526: 522: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 328: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 304: 300: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 274:Average depth 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 178: 175: 171: 167: 165: 161: 158: 155: 153: 147: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 109: 107: 101: 98: 95: 93: 89: 83: 55: 49: 46: 43: 39: 32: 27: 22: 19: 12129:Winter Canal 12071: 12012:Demographics 11995:Architecture 11974:Federal City 11904: 11899:Vistula Spit 11897: 11891:Nowa Karczma 11877: 11840: 11831: 11824: 11816: 11809: 11802: 11770: 11763: 11751: 11744: 11737: 11725: 11702:Władysławowo 11700: 11685:Cape Rozewie 11683: 11636: 11629: 11592: 11557: 11520: 11483: 11476: 11414: 11402: 11398:Międzywodzie 11385: 11378: 11373:Międzyzdroje 11371: 11364: 11357: 11350: 11335: 11293:Stora Karlsö 10874: 10727: 10659:Thracian Sea 10644:Sea of Crete 10634:Sea of Åland 10629:Sargasso Sea 10604:Ligurian Sea 10589:Labrador Sea 10584:Irminger Sea 10549:Bothnian Sea 10538: 10534:Balearic Sea 10504:Adriatic Sea 10463:Gulf of Lion 10401:Bothnian Bay 10396:Bay of Fundy 10305: 10286: 10160:Sea of Japan 10035:Bismarck Sea 9987:Persian Gulf 9972:Gulf of Suez 9967:Gulf of Oman 9947:Gulf of Aden 9914:Indian Ocean 9894:Thracian Sea 9879:Sea of Crete 9869:Sea of Åland 9864:Sargasso Sea 9839:Ligurian Sea 9824:Labrador Sea 9814:Irminger Sea 9769:Gulf of Lion 9724:Bothnian Sea 9714:Bay of Fundy 9693: 9689:Balearic Sea 9654:Adriatic Sea 9576:Beaufort Sea 9558:Arctic Ocean 9483:Amundsen Sea 9392: 9336:. Retrieved 9332:the original 9280: 9273: 9266: 9259: 9252: 9234: 9223: 9222:Lisk, Jill. 9216: 9209: 9202: 9195: 9188: 9181: 9171: 9154: 9147: 9105: 9085: 9040: 9034: 9011: 8995: 8990: 8980: 8973:Bibliography 8951: 8939:. Retrieved 8930: 8920: 8908:. Retrieved 8904: 8894: 8884:13 September 8882:. Retrieved 8873: 8864: 8852:. Retrieved 8843: 8834: 8822:. Retrieved 8813: 8804: 8778:. Retrieved 8771:the original 8758: 8747:the original 8734: 8722:. Retrieved 8707: 8684: 8660: 8648:. Retrieved 8639: 8630: 8606: 8594:. Retrieved 8579: 8567:. Retrieved 8563:the original 8558: 8548: 8540:the original 8530: 8518:. Retrieved 8504: 8492:. Retrieved 8478: 8472: 8467:Orcinus orca 8466: 8458: 8439: 8427:. Retrieved 8413: 8394: 8382:. Retrieved 8368: 8353: 8308: 8304: 8294: 8275: 8269: 8259:24 September 8257:. Retrieved 8237: 8230: 8211: 8207: 8167: 8163: 8153: 8142:, retrieved 8132: 8124: 8112:. Retrieved 8103: 8093: 8081:. Retrieved 8073:Live Science 8072: 8062: 8050:. Retrieved 8038: 8028: 8016:. 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Retrieved 6855: 6843:. Retrieved 6834: 6825: 6816: 6804: 6796: 6792: 6779: 6760: 6754: 6748:. p. 7. 6740: 6733: 6726:Schmitt 1989 6721: 6703: 6693: 6680:(in Swedish) 6675: 6656: 6651: 6639:. Retrieved 6619: 6612: 6593: 6577: 6571: 6559:. Retrieved 6552:the original 6539: 6527:. Retrieved 6518: 6509: 6497:. Retrieved 6488: 6479: 6467:. Retrieved 6463:the original 6453: 6434: 6425: 6405: 6398: 6386:. Retrieved 6382:the original 6372: 6352: 6243: 6236: 6227: 6212: 6194: 6088:Heiligendamm 6058:Narva-Jõesuu 6040:Resort towns 6039: 6038: 6025:Międzyzdroje 5978:Kühlungsborn 5972:Heiligendamm 5947: 5946: 5887: 5880: 5853: 5794: 5771: 5718: 5714:World War II 5710: 5703: 5692: 5680: 5651:include the 5646: 5626:Bothnian Sea 5590:minke whales 5572: 5568:Bothnian Bay 5557: 5539: 5529: 5520: 5512: 5502: 5496: 5490: 5475: 5455:common roach 5415:Atlantic cod 5412: 5376: 5354: 5334:Ancylus Lake 5281: 5271: 5259:Eemian Stage 5228: 5191: 5177:Ancylus Lake 5092:Ancylus Lake 5030: 5011: 4998:Władysławowo 4974: 4961: 4942: 4887: 4844: 4819: 4812: 4811: 4699: 4698: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4598: 4595: 4389:, including 4271:archipelagos 3966:(main river) 3682: 3655: 3643: 3635:Bothnian Bay 3624: 3616: 3593: 3557: 3553: 3548:Gotland Deep 3541:or MBIs) of 3536: 3505: 3490: 3473: 3468: 3460: 3454: 3434: 3399: 3383: 3362: 3347: 3339:Bothnian Sea 3336: 3332:Bothnian Bay 3316:Gulf of Riga 3305: 3281: 3235: 3231: 3214:. The three 3192:Usedom/Uznam 3169: 3142: 3122:Gulf of Riga 3110:Sea of Åland 3106:Bothnian Sea 3102:Bothnian Bay 3095: 3037:Gulf of Riga 3030:8 = Eastern 3025:7 = Western 2999:Bothnian Sea 2994:Bothnian Bay 2982:Subdivisions 2909:Lighthouse ( 2898: 2857: 2808: 2728: 2716: 2488: 2476:Zungenbecken 2474: 2468: 2464: 2441: 2392: 2386: 2383:Storm floods 2378: 2367: 2353: 2347: 2307:East Prussia 2284: 2267:Soviet Union 2263:World War II 2260: 2247: 2233: 2178: 2139: 2126: 2122: 2112: 2090: 2082: 2081:The burning 2021: 2015: 1996: 1990: 1935:Christianity 1932: 1889: 1884: 1876: 1870: 1864: 1863:recorded in 1854: 1850: 1846:Heimskringla 1844: 1840: 1834: 1811: 1780: 1777:Germanic Sea 1776: 1755: 1751: 1743: 1734:Roman Empire 1731: 1695: 1646: 1517:Balti-tenger 1390:Baltské moře 1351:Deti Balltik 1286:Mer Baltique 1226: 1216: 1210: 1203: 1156: 1150: 1145: 1144:by Pytheas. 1142:On the Ocean 1141: 1129: 1123: 1114: 1111: 1099: 1078: 1044: 1033: 1011: 1002: 980: 971:Stevns Klint 950: 921:strait near 916: 913:Oceanography 885:castle near 868: 852: 798:German Bight 783: 772: 764:Gulf of Riga 756:Bothnian Sea 752:Bothnian Bay 720:marginal sea 713: 707:and Central 660: 658: 498:Usedom/Uznam 482:Stora Karlsö 312:Shore length 290:Water volume 266:Surface area 219: 179: 18: 11772:Bay of Puck 11578:Jarosławiec 11452:Pogorzelica 11359:Świnoujście 11124:Suomenlinna 11109:Mustikkamaa 11104:Lauttasaari 11084:Kotkansaari 11074:Kaunissaari 11004:Väike-Pakri 10639:Sea of Azov 10614:Myrtoan Sea 10569:Icarian Sea 10514:Alboran Sea 10416:Pottles Bay 10238:Caspian Sea 10210:Visayan Sea 10190:Solomon Sea 10185:Sibuyan Sea 10180:Shantar Sea 10135:Molucca Sea 10130:Mar de Grau 10060:Chilean Sea 10055:Celebes Sea 10050:Camotes Sea 10015:Arafura Sea 9927:Arabian Sea 9922:Andaman Sea 9874:Sea of Azov 9849:Myrtoan Sea 9664:Alboran Sea 9616:Pechora Sea 9611:Lincoln Sea 9581:Chukchi Sea 9571:Barents Sea 9548:Weddell Sea 9518:Lazarev Sea 9410:Baltice.org 8780:18 November 8623:Aftonbladet 8520:18 November 8494:12 November 8429:18 November 7572:18 February 7351:28 December 7319:27 November 7250:"EuroOcean" 6977:Proceedings 6661:online text 6583:online text 6337:Scandinavia 6189:Svetlogorsk 6177:Świnoujście 6155:, Lithuania 6149:, Lithuania 6143:, Lithuania 6132:, Lithuania 6126:, Lithuania 6112:Ueckermünde 6094:Heringsdorf 6003:, Lithuania 5921:Svetlogorsk 5912:, Lithuania 5868:Viking Line 5831:, Finland; 5811:, Germany; 5728:carbon sink 5683:algal bloom 5618:grey whales 5556:, such as 5546:ringed seal 5482:macrophytes 5471:blue mussel 5247:Pleistocene 5143:Pleistocene 4986:Świnoujście 4917:Eckernförde 4747:Kaliningrad 4391:Christiansø 4146:Lake Peipus 3994:(source of 3801:Lake Ladoga 3710:Basin area 3639:dehydrating 3612:Caspian Sea 3479:Hydrography 3465:ringed seal 3418:pancake ice 3406:icebreakers 3379:Świnoujście 3224:Little Belt 3212:Bay of Kiel 3086:(The Sound) 3074:Little Belt 2966: / 2931: / 2886: / 2841: / 2796: / 2761: / 2731:Little Belt 2388:Storm surge 2355:M/S Estonia 2315:Warsaw Pact 2295:making room 2280:mustard gas 2213:World War I 2181:Crimean War 2179:During the 2174:Netherlands 2028:Netherlands 2023:Ostsiedlung 1856:Sörla þáttr 1853:appears in 1851:Eystra salt 1814:Middle Ages 1798:Cape Arkona 1789:Middle Ages 1704:Irbe Strait 1637:Old English 1622:Austersjøen 1326:Mar Báltico 1306:Mar Báltico 1296:Mar Baltico 1213:Middle Ages 1075:cartography 963:Bay of Kiel 899:Little Belt 812:Definitions 796:and to the 744:Little Belt 556:Kaliningrad 524:Settlements 486:Suomenlinna 418:Lauttasaari 250:Max. length 220:Non-coastal 121:(Nemunas), 77: / 52:Coordinates 12408:Baltic Sea 12402:Categories 12252:Government 12147:Literature 12072:Baltic Sea 11798:Mechelinki 11778:Błądzikowo 11631:Slovincian 11054:Haapasaari 10896:Ertholmene 10875:Baltic Sea 10728:Baltic Sea 10669:Wadden Sea 10599:Libyan Sea 10574:Ionian Sea 10559:Celtic Sea 10539:Baltic Sea 10509:Aegean Sea 10406:Hudson Bay 10381:Baffin Bay 10365:Foxe Basin 10274:Superocean 10248:Salton Sea 10215:Yellow Sea 10205:Tasman Sea 10150:Salish Sea 10030:Bering Sea 9937:Flores Sea 9904:Wadden Sea 9834:Libyan Sea 9804:Ionian Sea 9799:Hudson Bay 9744:Foxe Basin 9734:Celtic Sea 9694:Baltic Sea 9684:Baffin Bay 9659:Aegean Sea 9631:Wandel Sea 9606:Laptev Sea 9538:Scotia Sea 9523:Mawson Sea 9422:Ostseeflug 9393:spiegel.de 9141:Historical 8596:30 October 8569:30 October 8311:(70): 70. 7868:. HELCOM. 7708:Oceanology 7408:. HELCOM. 6485:"Sundzoll" 6364:References 6231:Convention 6141:Juodkrantė 6100:Travemünde 6052:Kuressaare 5864:Polferries 5860:Silja Line 5856:Scandlines 5851:, Russia. 5843:, Latvia; 5819:, Sweden; 5813:Karlskrona 5807:, Poland; 5746:See also: 5628:/southern 5610:fin whales 5548:, and the 5536:glaciation 5525:lumpsucker 5467:shore crab 5407:See also: 5328:Yoldia Sea 5312:Eemian Sea 5305:Arctic Sea 5299:, and the 5243:Geological 5172:Yoldia Sea 5149:Eemian Sea 5048:Trelleborg 5036:Norrköping 4962:Lithuania: 4905:Greifswald 4771:1,041,000) 4737:1,041,000) 4695:in Estonia 4673:in Finland 4455:Valsörarna 4329:autonomous 4220:Torneträsk 4215:Abiskojokk 4203:(source), 4058:(source), 3949:(source), 3909:(source), 3792:Lake Onega 3677:See also: 3662:Great Belt 3627:freshwater 3422:rafter ice 3414:ice sludge 3322:, and the 3220:Great Belt 3198:, east of 3136:island of 3088:14 + 15 = 3078:Great Belt 3052:Hanö Bight 3050:Basin and 2811:Great Belt 2350:shipwrecks 2325:after the 2084:Cap Arcona 2057:The naval 2005:, and the 1837:Viking Age 1835:Since the 1830:Viking Age 1649:. Also in 1607:Østersjøen 1593:Eystrasalt 1574:Low German 1466:Belarusian 1436:Macedonian 1364:); in the 1361:Môr Baltig 1301:Portuguese 1276:) and the 1258:Lithuanian 1169:Lithuanian 1045:Baltic Sea 1041:Sarmatians 1039:after the 1021:after the 939:Copenhagen 925:) and the 919:Great Belt 907:Middelfart 903:Fredericia 891:Great Belt 875:Sound Dues 873:collected 806:Kiel Canal 740:Great Belt 724:inland sea 703:, and the 661:Baltic Sea 642:References 572:Kuressaare 540:Greifswald 528:Copenhagen 354:Ertholmene 282:Max. depth 258:Max. width 12304:Education 12182:Orchestra 12157:Hermitage 12064:Geography 12049:Landmarks 11969:Districts 11884:includes 11873:Skowronki 11848:Mikoszewo 11823:includes 11727:Jastarnia 11707:includes 11659:Białogóra 11654:Lubiatowo 11600:Orzechowo 11564:includes 11538:Dąbkowice 11511:Sarbinowo 11491:Sianożęty 11478:Kołobrzeg 11467:Dźwirzyno 11447:Niechorze 11427:Pobierowo 11410:Dziwnówek 11338:coast of 11271:Pitholmen 11152:Hiddensee 11094:Laajasalo 11089:Kulosaari 10984:Osmussaar 10949:Kesselaid 10788:Lithuania 10619:North Sea 10579:Irish Sea 10544:Black Sea 10411:James Bay 10170:Seram Sea 10140:Moro Gulf 10065:Coral Sea 10045:Bohol Sea 10040:Bohai Sea 10025:Banda Sea 9997:Timor Sea 9854:North Sea 9819:James Bay 9809:Irish Sea 9719:Black Sea 9636:White Sea 9543:Somov Sea 9503:Davis Sea 9133:127011711 7806:233556209 7798:2190-4979 7744:129778127 7736:0001-4370 7677:2190-4979 7627:2296-7745 7520:6 January 7286:27 August 7091:France 24 6987:: 95–101. 6901:, Leta.st 6787:'s 1493 ( 6657:Geography 6655:Ptolemy, 6575:Tacitus, 6165:Kołobrzeg 6114:, Germany 6108:, Germany 6102:, Germany 6096:, Germany 6090:, Germany 6084:, Germany 6078:, Finland 6076:Mariehamn 6072:, Finland 6066:, Estonia 6060:, Estonia 6054:, Estonia 6048:, Estonia 6019:Kołobrzeg 5986:, Germany 5980:, Germany 5974:, Germany 5968:, Germany 5962:, Germany 5956:, Germany 5837:Ventspils 5768:, Germany 5724:pollution 5695:dead zone 5649:megafauna 5574:Cetaceans 5451:whitefish 5316:years ago 5301:White Sea 5285:North Sea 5274:Littorina 5060:Oxelösund 5054:Karlshamn 4980:Kołobrzeg 4954:Ventspils 4899:Stralsund 4893:Flensburg 4874:Mariehamn 4713:Stockholm 4684:in Poland 4662:in Latvia 4651:in Sweden 4649:Stockholm 4303:, Denmark 4179:(nominal) 4177:Torne älv 4111:(nominal) 3996:Ounasjoki 3951:Lithuania 3752:(nominal) 3646:halocline 3604:Black Sea 3564:North Sea 3543:North Sea 3497:North Sea 3457:grey seal 3410:Level ice 3301:subarctic 3248:North Sea 3244:Skagerrak 3228:The Sound 3145:Stockholm 3015:Åland Sea 2901:the Sound 2817:Langeland 2494:Sub-area 2407:Geography 2364:Stockholm 2331:Communist 2236:Memelland 2201:Bomarsund 2197:Kronstadt 2185:Åland War 2097:North Sea 1999:Pomerania 1967:Lithuania 1904:Lithuania 1881:Old Norse 1826:Black Sea 1696:Õdagumeri 1687:Läänemeri 1651:Hungarian 1632:Östersjön 1598:Norwegian 1584:Icelandic 1544:Østersøen 1529:Afrikaans 1512:Hungarian 1451:Ukrainian 1426:Kashubian 1411:Bulgarian 1401:Slovenian 1161:Black Sea 1102:Scithicas 1083:the Belts 1035:Sarmatian 967:Falsterbo 931:Køge Bugt 923:Langeland 889:; in the 887:Helsingør 802:North Sea 790:White Sea 730:into the 716:shelf sea 689:Lithuania 636:Ventspils 624:Stockholm 588:Mariehamn 568:Kołobrzeg 458:Osmussaar 414:Laajasalo 394:Kesselaid 386:Holmöarna 378:Hiddensee 204:Lithuania 74:58°N 20°E 12377:Category 12264:Politics 12226:Theaters 12194:Religion 12032:Timeline 11886:Przebrno 11863:Sztutowo 11788:Osłonino 11759:Swarzewo 11709:Cetniewo 11696:Chłapowo 11649:Kopalino 11625:Czołpino 11605:Poddąbie 11588:Modlinek 11566:Darłówko 11528:Unieście 11472:Grzybowo 11457:Mrzeżyno 11437:Trzęsacz 11432:Pustkowo 11114:Pellinki 11079:Kimitoön 11069:Kaskinen 11059:Hailuoto 11009:Vilsandi 10999:Saaremaa 10979:Naissaar 10964:Manilaid 10959:Kõinastu 10891:Bornholm 10425:Channels 10307:Category 10243:Dead Sea 10233:Aral Sea 10200:Sulu Sea 10155:Savu Sea 10125:Koro Sea 10120:Java Sea 10020:Bali Sea 9601:Kara Sea 9533:Ross Sea 9233:(2024). 9164:(1911). 9077:20824189 9036:PLoS ONE 8959:Archived 8935:Archived 8931:EurActiv 8905:Phys.org 8878:Archived 8848:Archived 8818:Archived 8814:BBC News 8790:cite web 8718:Archived 8696:Archived 8669:Archived 8644:Archived 8615:Archived 8590:Archived 8514:Archived 8447:Archived 8423:Archived 8402:Archived 8378:Archived 8345:19335884 8253:Archived 8144:14 March 8138:archived 8114:14 March 8108:Archived 8083:1 August 8077:Archived 8052:1 August 8046:Archived 8018:1 August 8012:Archived 7986:Archived 7962:Archived 7925:Sea Fish 7870:Archived 7810:Archived 7748:Archived 7681:Archived 7566:Archived 7546:15 April 7514:Archived 7475:Archived 7410:Archived 7381:11 April 7310:Archived 7260:14 April 7123:29 April 7118:POLITICO 7097:29 April 7071:29 April 7008:Archived 7004:BBC News 6955:Archived 6933:Archived 6914:Archived 6895:Archived 6868:Archived 6839:Archived 6713:Archived 6686:Archived 6664:Archived 6635:Archived 6601:Archived 6586:Archived 6578:Germania 6561:26 April 6523:Archived 6493:Archived 6469:26 April 6433:(2024). 6249:See also 6191:, Russia 6185:, Poland 6179:, Poland 6173:, Poland 6167:, Poland 6161:, Poland 6147:Pervalka 6120:, Latvia 6046:Haapsalu 6033:, Poland 6027:, Poland 6021:, Poland 6015:, Poland 6009:, Poland 6001:Klaipėda 5992:, Latvia 5936:Mrzeżyno 5927:, Russia 5845:Klaipėda 5829:Helsinki 5805:Szczecin 5578:ASCOBANS 5289:Atlantic 5251:Eridanos 5231:riverbed 5161:Holocene 5108:Atlantic 5104:Göta älv 5100:Svea älv 5023:Baltiysk 4935:Sassnitz 4888:Germany: 4845:Finland: 4837:Sillamäe 4820:Estonia: 4793:Klaipėda 4753:Szczecin 4719:Helsinki 4671:Helsinki 4640:, Russia 4551:Saaremaa 4421:Hailuoto 4387:Bornholm 4360:Houtskär 4315:, Sweden 4301:Bornholm 4267:Skerries 4142:Velikaya 4077:Lule älv 4049:118,861 3964:Kemijoki 3867:Slovakia 3848:194,424 3826:108,000 3823:281,000 3767:281,000 3693:Kattegat 3689:Göta älv 3619:salinity 3596:brackish 3584:Klaipėda 3574:Salinity 3526:and the 3501:salinity 3450:Taarbaek 3430:pack ice 3402:fast ice 3240:Kattegat 3153:Bornholm 3138:Saaremaa 3134:Estonian 3132:and the 3068:Kattegat 3048:Bornholm 3002:1 + 2 = 2749:9°57.5′E 2737:Falshöft 2688:160,335 2685:415,266 2569:115,516 2540:211,069 2481:ice ages 2471:brackish 2437:Klaipėda 2374:shipworm 2313:and the 2193:Helsinki 2189:Sveaborg 2172:and the 2036:Scotland 1908:wood tar 1841:Austmarr 1773:Jordanes 1764:brackish 1756:Germania 1752:Agricola 1682:Estonian 1346:Albanian 1311:Romanian 1233:or even 1138:Xenophon 1094:"belt". 994:Bornholm 961:and the 883:Kronborg 859:Kattegat 804:via the 792:via the 766:and the 754:and the 732:Kattegat 600:Paldiski 564:Klaipėda 548:Helsinki 544:Haapsalu 510:Vilsandi 478:Saaremaa 434:Manilaid 426:Ljusterö 406:Kõinastu 402:Kimitoön 374:Hailuoto 346:Bornholm 307:25 years 236:Slovakia 115:Kemijoki 41:Location 12387:Outline 12334:Bridges 12329:Airport 12238:Tourism 12152:Museums 12027:History 12017:Economy 12000:Climate 11783:Rzucewo 11721:Kuźnica 11716:Chałupy 11691:Rozewie 11674:Ostrowo 11644:Osetnik 11559:Darłowo 11548:Bobolin 11422:Łukęcin 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