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method employing small blocks or more commonly using larger stones set in the ground. When larger stones are employed, peristalith is the term more properly used. Often, when the earth barrow has been weathered away, the surviving kerb can give the impression of being a
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a port-hole slab is the name of an orthostat with a hole in it sometimes found forming the entrance to a chamber tomb. The hole is usually circular but square examples or those made from two adjoining slabs each with a notch cut in it are known. They are common in the
135:
architecture, forecourts are curved in plan with the entrance to the tomb at the apex of the open semicircle enclosure that the forecourt creates. The sides were built up by either large upright stones or walls of smaller stones laid atop one another.
147:. Their shape, which suggests an attempt to focus attention on the tomb itself may mean that they were used ceremonially as a kind of open air auditorium during ceremonies. Excavation within some forecourts has recovered animal
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A trilithon (or trilith) is a structure consisting of two large vertical stones supporting a third stone set horizontally across the top. Commonly used in the context of
485:. The term also describes the groups of three stones in the Hunebed tombs of the Netherlands and the three massive stones forming part of the wall of the
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An orthostat is a large stone with a more or less slab-like shape that has been artificially set upright (so a cube-shaped block is not an orthostat).
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only to describe individual prehistoric stones that constitute part of larger structures. Common examples include the walls of
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neatly and carefully formed, for use as a wall-facing secured by metal fixings and carrying reliefs, which were then painted.
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although these monuments date from considerably later. Excavation of barrows without stone rings such as
Fussell's Lodge in
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practices connected with the burial and commemoration of the dead in the past societies that built these types of
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Adam, Jean-Pierre (1977), "À propos du trilithon de
Baalbek: Le transport et la mise en oeuvre des mégalithes",
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architecture but they were also added to other kinds of chamber tomb. Kerbs may be built in a
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Portal stones are a pair of
Megalithic orthostats, usually flanking the entrance to a
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suggests that, in these examples, timber or turf was used to define a kerb instead.
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still survives (foreground). The stone burial chamber can be seen in the background.
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Although the barrow mound is now almost gone, the surrounding peristalith at
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among other styles. In the latter case, orthostats are large thin slabs of
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The
Comparative Archaeology Web - A Spatial Analysis of megalithic Tombs
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and evidence of burning suggesting that they served as locations for
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Architectural elements typical of
European megalithic structures
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295:. An example of the dry stone wall type of kerb can be seen at
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which also demonstrate an attempt to demarcate a distinct,
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monuments, and the vertical elements of the trilithons at
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are technically orthostats although the term is used by
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burials, often provide examples of the use of kerbs in
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erected in front of them to seal the tomb such as at
578:
BBC Highlands and
Northern Isles - In Your Backyard
446:monuments, the most famous trilithons are those at
565:Ancient Stones: the Prehistoric Dolmens in Sicily
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567:, Thornham/Norfolk (UK), Brazen Head Publishing
92:This article describes several characteristic
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287:purposes. Famous sites with kerbs include
120:. Forecourts were probably the venue for
291:where many of the stones are etched with
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
422:
187:
139:Some also had paved floors and some had
43:This article includes a list of general
159:offerings or feasting dedicated to the
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168:
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2739:Stonehenge replicas and derivatives
588:The Council for British Archaeology
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404:or opposite the axial stone of an
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
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2760:Megalithic architectural elements
1749:Megalithic architectural elements
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558:Megalithic Architecture in Europe
371:
360:Many orthostats were a focus for
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34:
2672:Archaeoastronomy and Stonehenge
2368:Evolutionary origin of religion
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520:
13:
1:
1981:Art of the Middle Paleolithic
1511:British megalith architecture
513:
408:. They are commonly found in
2723:Bringing Back the Bluestones
2684:Stonehenge Riverside Project
2547:Laser scanning at Stonehenge
1976:Art of the Upper Paleolithic
1516:Nordic megalith architecture
431:
306:
107:
7:
2678:Stonehenge in its landscape
496:
452:Megalithic Temples of Malta
220:built over a chamber tomb.
10:
2830:
2124:British Isles and Brittany
2045:Gwion Gwion rock paintings
563:Salvatore Piccolo (2013),
435:
412:. Examples may be seen at
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2747:
2707:
2694:Theories about Stonehenge
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2599:
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2532:Excavations at Stonehenge
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508:List of ancient monoliths
427:A trilithon at Stonehenge
2734:Stonehenge Free Festival
503:List of megalithic sites
481:) and was first used by
390:Seine-Oise-Marne culture
2717:Battle of the Beanfield
2356:Evolutionary musicology
1759:Oldest extant buildings
1686:Archaeological features
1205:Prepared-core technique
541:10.3406/syria.1977.6623
465:'having three stones' (
450:and those found in the
145:West Kennet Long Barrow
64:more precise citations.
2804:Architectural elements
2572:Stonehenge road tunnel
2318:Unchambered long cairn
2166:Mound Builders culture
1499:Neolithic architecture
634:Prehistoric technology
428:
345:, a common feature of
201:
94:architectural elements
18:Chamber tomb forecourt
1993:List of Stone Age art
1195:Microblade technology
1143:Langdale axe industry
741:Ard / plough
598:The Megalithic Portal
535:(1/2): 31–63 (50f.),
426:
191:
2809:Megalithic monuments
2689:The Salisbury Museum
2567:Stonehenge Landscape
2400:Prehistoric medicine
2395:Prehistoric counting
2378:Prehistoric religion
2373:Paleolithic religion
2351:Behavioral modernity
1708:Causewayed enclosure
1600:Abri de la Madeleine
724:Neolithic Revolution
556:James Phillips, the
461:is derived from the
347:Hittite architecture
96:typical of European
2646:Stonehenge Aotearoa
2631:Maryhill Stonehenge
2439:Prehistoric warfare
1185:Magdalenian culture
1148:Levallois technique
1079:Earliest toolmaking
169:Kerb or peristalith
2729:Polytantric Circle
2390:Origin of language
2383:Spiritual drug use
2293:Rectangular dolmen
2195:Dartmoor kistvaens
2008:Carved stone balls
1720:Circular enclosure
1679:Other architecture
1622:Alp pile dwellings
1210:Solutrean industry
1121:Gravettian culture
771:Secondary products
429:
406:axial stone circle
351:Assyrian sculpture
202:
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2636:Mystical Horizons
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2412:Prehistoric music
2361:music archaeology
2018:Cup and ring mark
1843:Clothing/textiles
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1230:Yubetsu technique
1215:Striking platform
1180:Lithic technology
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1050:Game drive system
969:Projectile points
861:Mortar and pestle
487:Temple of Jupiter
90:
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16:(Redirected from
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2699:Wiltshire Museum
2656:Wally Wallington
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2427:Divje Babe flute
2334:Archaeoastronomy
2077:Petrosomatoglyph
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1643:Water management
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1336:Denticulate tool
1158:Lithic reduction
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60:this article by
51:inline citations
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2765:Mount Killaraus
2755:Earth mysteries
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2641:Phonehenge West
2603:and derivatives
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2542:Heelstone Ditch
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2308:Stone box grave
2278:Megalithic tomb
2183:Cotswold-Severn
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1968:Prehistoric art
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1769:Timber trackway
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551:Further reading
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908:throwing stick
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561:
552:
549:
546:
545:
518:
517:
515:
512:
511:
510:
505:
498:
495:
436:Main article:
433:
430:
397:
394:
386:gallery graves
373:
372:Port-hole slab
370:
362:megalithic art
327:archaeologists
311:Main article:
308:
305:
293:megalithic art
269:timber circles
241:dry stone wall
194:Coldrum Stones
186:
185:
170:
167:
109:
106:
104:) structures.
88:
87:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2826:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2784:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2766:
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2727:
2725:
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2715:
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2700:
2697:
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2687:
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2682:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2651:Stonehenge II
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2598:
2593:
2583:
2582:Y and Z Holes
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:Q and R Holes
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2508:Structure and
2506:
2502:
2495:
2490:
2488:
2483:
2481:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2450:
2447:
2446:
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2437:
2433:
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2425:
2423:
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2398:
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2342:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2303:Simple dolmen
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2288:Passage grave
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2234:Gallery grave
2232:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2149:Burial mounds
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2109:Statue menhir
2107:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2097:Stone carving
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1936:Sewing needle
1934:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1888:
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1884:
1883:
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1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1861:
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1849:
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1845:
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1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1764:Timber circle
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1713:Tor enclosure
1711:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1701:fulacht fiadh
1699:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
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1681:
1677:
1671:
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1564:
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1529:
1527:
1524:
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1509:
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1500:
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1399:
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1387:
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1379:
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1369:
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1364:
1362:
1359:
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1002:
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997:
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990:
987:
983:
980:
979:
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975:
974:
972:
970:
966:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
937:spear-thrower
935:
934:
933:
930:
928:
925:
921:
918:
917:
916:
915:Bow and arrow
913:
909:
906:
905:
904:
901:
899:
896:
895:
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877:
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872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
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857:
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852:
849:
845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
824:Grinding slab
822:
820:
817:
813:
810:
809:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
792:
788:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
756:Domestication
754:
752:
751:Digging stick
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
735:
732:
730:
729:Founder crops
727:
726:
725:
722:
721:
719:
717:
713:
709:
705:
700:
696:
690:
687:
683:
680:
679:
678:
675:
671:
670:New Stone Age
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
647:
646:
643:
642:
639:
635:
628:
623:
621:
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614:
609:
608:
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591:
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586:
584:
581:
579:
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575:
566:
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559:
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534:
530:
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519:
509:
506:
504:
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494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
453:
449:
445:
439:
425:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
396:Portal stones
393:
391:
387:
382:
379:
369:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
331:chamber tombs
328:
324:
320:
314:
304:
302:
298:
297:Parc le Breos
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
257:British Isles
253:
251:
247:
242:
238:
234:
230:
227:, especially
226:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
199:
195:
190:
184:
182:
178:
173:
172:
166:
164:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
137:
134:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
105:
103:
99:
95:
84:
81:
73:
63:
59:
53:
52:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
2759:
2721:
2676:
2611:Achill-henge
2522:Aubrey holes
2510:surroundings
2244:wedge-shaped
2229:Funeral pyre
2222:Great dolmen
2178:Chamber tomb
2159:Round barrow
2114:Stone circle
1986:Blombos Cave
1914:Grooved ware
1838:Chalcolithic
1748:
1742:Thornborough
1660:Flush toilet
1595:Blombos Cave
1590:Rock shelter
1546:Quiggly hole
1438:Architecture
1413:illustration
1055:Buffalo jump
876:Storage pits
839:Aşıklı Höyük
829:Ground stone
665:Subdivisions
564:
557:
532:
528:
522:
478:
474:
470:
466:
458:
456:
441:
418:Knocknakilla
402:chamber tomb
399:
375:
368:in Ireland.
359:
316:
254:
246:stone circle
222:
203:
174:
165:
138:
131:In European
130:
118:chamber tomb
111:
93:
91:
76:
67:
48:
2517:Altar Stone
2266:unchambered
2261:Long barrow
2251:Grave goods
2207:Court cairn
2202:Clava cairn
2154:Bowl barrow
2092:Rock cupule
2035:Golden hats
2028:Hill figure
1929:Unstan ware
1909:Cord-marked
1774:Sweet Track
1696:Burnt mound
1617:Stilt house
1605:Sibudu Cave
1398:Tally stick
1366:Quern-stone
1351:Hammerstone
1341:Fire plough
1312:Pesse canoe
1270:Bannerstone
1240:Other tools
1153:Lithic core
1101:Aurignacian
989:Bare Island
871:Quern-stone
493:, Lebanon.
381:archaeology
313:Orthostates
206:archaeology
177:curb (road)
114:archaeology
62:introducing
2814:Stonehenge
2798:Categories
2709:In culture
2537:Heel Stone
2501:Stonehenge
2405:trepanning
2298:Ring cairn
2256:Jar burial
2239:transepted
2171:U.S. sites
2072:Petroglyph
1998:Bird stone
1956:wine press
1629:Stone roof
1612:Roundhouse
1504:long house
1481:Stonehenge
1449:Ceremonial
1393:Stone tool
1220:Tool stone
1190:Metallurgy
1094:Mousterian
1071:Toolmaking
1009:Cumberland
982:Transverse
952:Schöningen
844:Qesem cave
812:Earth oven
766:Irrigation
677:Technology
645:Prehistory
514:References
448:Stonehenge
444:megalithic
378:megalithic
339:Stonehenge
335:megalithic
333:and other
321:and other
267:stone and
265:Bronze Age
237:megalithic
133:megalithic
98:megalithic
45:references
2626:Foamhenge
2616:Bamahenge
2577:Trilithon
2527:Bluestone
2449:symbolism
2313:Tor cairn
2271:Grønsalen
2212:Cremation
2104:Sculpture
2082:Pictogram
2067:Petroform
1887:amber use
1855:Cosmetics
1665:Reservoir
1650:Check dam
1580:Pueblitos
1575:Pit-house
1558:Longhouse
1492:Dwellings
1361:Microlith
1292:Bow drill
1287:Bone tool
1280:prismatic
1089:Acheulean
1004:Cresswell
977:Arrowhead
903:Boomerang
819:Granaries
781:Terracing
660:Stone Age
459:trilithon
457:The word
438:Trilithon
432:Trilithon
307:Orthostat
289:Newgrange
279:area for
261:Neolithic
250:Wiltshire
223:European
108:Forecourt
102:Stone Age
70:June 2017
2783:Category
2748:Concepts
2621:Carhenge
2601:Replicas
2087:Rock art
2050:painting
2023:Geoglyph
1848:timeline
1828:Beadwork
1568:Mehrgarh
1563:Mudbrick
1471:megalith
1346:Fire-saw
1168:debitage
1163:analysis
1131:Hand axe
1111:Cupstone
689:Glossary
650:Timeline
497:See also
414:Bohonagh
364:, as at
285:funerary
181:roadside
179:for the
2665:Studies
2444:Symbols
2055:pigment
1941:Weaving
1904:Cardium
1899:Pottery
1894:Mirrors
1882:Jewelry
1823:Baskets
1803:culture
1655:Cistern
1461:Pyramid
1403:Weapons
1381:Scraper
1371:Racloir
1331:Cleaver
1319:Chopper
1225:Uniface
1136:Grooves
1126:Hafting
1084:Oldowan
1043:Systems
994:Cascade
957:woomera
947:harpoon
920:history
886:Hunting
866:Pottery
807:Cooking
716:Farming
682:history
655:Outline
491:Baalbek
410:dolmens
388:of the
319:Menhirs
255:In the
229:hunebed
225:dolmens
153:pottery
58:improve
2557:Sarsen
2422:flutes
2217:Dolmen
2141:Burial
1951:winery
1924:Linear
1754:Midden
1732:Cursus
1725:Goseck
1585:Pueblo
1536:Dugout
1521:Burdei
1200:Mining
1024:Lamoka
1019:Folsom
999:Clovis
856:Metate
834:Hearth
802:Basket
776:Sickle
560:series
475:lithos
366:Knowth
355:gypsum
343:relief
281:ritual
273:henges
218:barrow
157:votive
122:ritual
47:, but
2339:sites
2283:Mummy
2003:Cairn
1919:Jōmon
1870:shoes
1865:Hides
1737:Henge
1691:Broch
1553:Jacal
1408:Wheel
1356:Knife
1302:Canoe
1297:Burin
1275:Blade
1173:flake
1034:Plano
942:baton
932:Spear
898:Arrow
851:Manos
704:Tools
529:Syria
479:stone
471:three
463:Greek
301:Wales
277:round
214:cairn
210:revet
183:edge.
126:tombs
2432:gudi
2190:Cist
2119:list
1946:Wine
1875:Ötzi
1860:Glue
1833:Beds
1801:and
1799:Arts
1670:Well
1526:Cave
1456:Kiva
1386:side
1376:Rope
1324:tool
1258:bone
1248:Adze
1014:Eden
927:Nets
797:Fire
761:Goad
746:Celt
416:and
349:and
271:and
263:and
233:dyss
231:and
212:the
198:Kent
175:See
161:dead
149:bone
1541:Hut
1476:row
1307:Oar
1265:Axe
1253:Awl
537:doi
489:at
467:Tri
376:In
299:in
283:or
216:or
204:In
196:in
112:In
2800::
533:54
531:,
477:-
473:,
469:-
454:.
420:.
392:.
303:.
163:.
151:,
128:.
2493:e
2486:t
2479:v
626:e
619:t
612:v
539::
100:(
83:)
77:(
72:)
68:(
54:.
20:)
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