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219:. Technically it was a lock-out. The union voted to take back control of despatching work gangs because discrimination, blacklisting, and the arbitrary allocation of work had long been a major grievance for longshoremen. According to the most recent contract however, the Federation was to handle dispatching, and therefore treated the union's action as a breach of contract.
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had joined with the
Shipping Federation to defeat the Communist threat. The Communists had been planning to merge the waterfront and relief camp strike, and hopefully other industrial workers into a general strike. Although these various groups of worker's were willingly under Communist leadership,
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to bargain with the BCMEA on their behalf. In addition to collective bargaining, the BCMEA handles everyday labour matters, such as administering the collective agreement, payroll services, discipline, and grievance and arbitration hearings on behalf of its members.
162:
By the time the next strike erupted on
Vancouver's waterfront, the Shipping Federation had adopted an even more rigidly anti-union policy, influenced by its recent association with counterparts in the United States, who were following what had been dubbed the
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in 1919. the
Employers felt they needed to band together, not only because port operations were becoming increasingly complex, but as a bulwark against unionism generally, and union militancy in particular. Vancouver hosted the first Canadian
181:, was used to house strikebreakers for the duration of the strike. The strike was quickly brought to an end after the Federation took over the duties of despatching work gangs from the union and refused to negotiate with the union, the
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to handle the rapidly growing commercial traffic on the waterfront, it was originally called the
Shipping Federation of British Columbia, comprising shipping, railway and container companies, as well as terminal and storage operators.
242:, where the police clashed with strikers and their supporters who had attempted to march down to the harbour. Three levels of police were on hand, plus a plethora of special constables, organized in part by the Shipping Federation's
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Communists were active both on the waterfront and in the government relief camps for the unemployed, as well as several other industries, organizing workers into unions affiliated with the
Communist trade union umbrella, the
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in sympathy with the strike in
Winnipeg. Longshoremen were among the first to walk out, but were quickly replaced by strikebreakers who were mainly university and high school students.
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Almost a decade of peace followed the 1923 strike. It was not a lasting peace however, and in 1933 the
Shipping Federation discovered that not only had the union been transformed by
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246:, a vigilante group it funded to fight the strike and generate anti-strike/anticommunist propaganda. Again, the strike was broken, and the union replaced with a company union.
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208:, or Communist International in Moscow was prescribing a policy of dual unionism. The Shipping Federation was thus centrally positioned during what was effectively another
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265:, former police chief, prison warden, and leading local anticommunist polemicist. Nevertheless, workers managed to establish and sustain an independent union under
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industrial union movement. The
Shipping Federation stepped back from it overt anticommunism, but continued to fund a variation of the Citizens' League, the
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The general strike never happened in 1935, and striking relief camp workers left the city shortly after the waterfront strike finally was called for the
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organizers into a militant union, but also that agitators were planning a general strike for the province to begin on
Vancouver's waterfront in 1935.
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Paul A. Phillips, No Power
Greater: A Century of Labour in British Columbia. Vancouver: BC Federation of Labour/Boag Foundation, 1967.
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The 1935 strike had seeped into the political realm much more extensively than the 1923 strike had. The civic administration of
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Andrew Parnaby, "On the Hook: Welfare Capitalism on the Vancouver Waterfront, 1919-1939," PhD thesis, Memorial University, 2001
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Andrew Yarmie, "The Right to Manage: Vancouver Employers' Associations, 1900–1923," BC Studies, no. 90 (1991): 40–74.
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The BCMEA currently consists of sixty-seven member companies with commercial interests based on the waterfronts of
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is an association representing the interests of member companies in industrial relations on Vancouver's and other
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strategy and dissolved the Workers' Union League. Agitators now put their organizing energy behind the
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The Shipping Federation was established during what Canadian historians have called the
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they primarily were pursuing resolution to their own workplace grievances, not a
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in the period following World War I, which peaked in Canada with the
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British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
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113:. The BCMEA is the Employer Association of companies that employ
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in Canada in 1918 following the police killing of union leader,
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Vancouver and District Waterfront Workers' Association
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TFL Forest Limited - Stuart Channel Wharves Division
1222:British Columbia Resources Investment Corporation
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626:British Columbia Maritime Employers' Association
444:Saga Forest Carriers International (Canada) Ltd.
429:Pacific Northwest Ship & Cargo Services Inc.
43:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
450:Seaboard International Shipping Company Limited
96:British Columbia Maritime Employers Association
501:Zim Integrated Shipping Services (Canada) Ltd.
435:Pacific Stevedoring & Contracting Co. Ltd.
520:
492:Western Stevedoring Terminal Operations Ltd.
359:Hyundai America Shipping Agency (P.N.), Inc.
271:International Longshore and Warehouse Union
119:International Longshore and Warehouse Union
1376:BC Maritime Employers' Association website
1156:Vancouver Orphan Kitten Rescue Association
527:
513:
259:Industrial Association of British Columbia
238:The strike peaked with the July 18, 1935
74:Learn how and when to remove this message
183:International Longshoremen's Association
85:
374:Louis Wolfe & Sons (Vancouver) Ltd.
303:China Shipping (Canada) Agency Co. Ltd.
189:to replace the ILA as a company union.
1401:Business organizations based in Canada
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406:Norsk Pacific Steamship Canada Limited
362:International Chartering Services Ltd.
300:China Ocean Shipping Co. (Canada) Inc.
661:Central City Brewers & Distillers
508:
453:Seabridge International Shipping Inc.
249:The Communists shifted away from the
117:, who in turn are represented by the
1411:Labour relations in British Columbia
399:Neptune Bulk Terminals (Canada) Ltd.
244:Citizens' League of British Columbia
15:
1041:Premium Brands Holdings Corporation
489:Western Stevedoring Company Limited
409:North Pacific Shipping Company Ltd.
403:Norasia Container Lines Canada Ltd.
347:GCT Global Container Terminals Inc.
297:CP Ships (Canada) Agencies Limited.
276:
13:
656:Canucks Sports & Entertainment
330:Fairmont Shipping (Canada) Limited
226:, along with his chief constable,
14:
1422:
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1406:Organizations based in Vancouver
477:Vancouver Shipping Agencies Ltd.
426:Pacific Coast Terminals Co. Ltd.
395:N Y K Line (Western Canada) Inc.
365:Interocean Steamship Corporation
273:(ILWU) that still exists today.
20:
474:Trans-Oceanic Shipping Co. Ltd.
377:Maher Terminals of Canada Corp.
353:Hanjin Shipping Company Limited
324:Empire Shipping Company Limited
288:Associated Stevedoring Co. Ltd.
282:Anglo Canadian Shipping Company
1:
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601:BC Liquor Distribution Branch
551:49th Parallel Coffee Roasters
343:Gearbulk Shipping Canada Ltd.
327:Evergreen America Corporation
321:Empire Grain Stevedoring Ltd.
921:Justason Market Intelligence
432:Pacific Rim Stevedoring Ltd.
312:Compass Marine Services Inc.
7:
1396:Shipping trade associations
1026:Parallel 49 Brewing Company
465:Star Shipping (Canada) Ltd.
10:
1427:
1111:Steamworks Brewing Company
981:Mountain Equipment Company
696:Coast Mountain Bus Company
571:Advanced Cyclotron Systems
423:P & O Nedlloyd Limited
413:Norton Lilly International
318:Dominion Shipping Co. Ltd.
315:Dubai Ports World (Canada)
291:Barwil Agencies (N.A.) Inc
133:
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1066:Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers
961:McLean Group of Companies
881:Hospital Employees' Union
846:Great Northern Way Campus
543:
447:Sanko Kisen (Canada) Ltd.
371:Kerr Norton Marine Canada
356:Hapag-Lloyd (Canada) Inc.
309:Colley West Shipping Ltd.
240:Battle of Ballantyne Pier
157:Trades and Labour Council
1391:Employers' organizations
1297:Pacific Western Airlines
1247:Foley, Welch and Stewart
498:Weyerhaeuser Canada Ltd.
483:Westcan Stevedoring Ltd.
333:Fesco Agencies N.A. Inc.
261:under the leadership of
29:This article includes a
1181:Wheaton Precious Metals
1116:Synthetic Entertainment
1071:Russell Brewing Company
462:Squamish Terminals Ltd.
368:Island Shipping Limited
306:Coastal Containers Ltd.
204:. During this era, the
144:Winnipeg General Strike
58:more precise citations.
1302:The Pas Lumber Company
1151:Vancouver Film Studios
786:First Quantum Minerals
495:Westward Shipping Ltd.
486:Westcan Terminals Ltd.
480:Vancouver Wharves Ltd.
339:Fraser Surrey Docks LP
233:proletarian revolution
140:Canadian Labour Revolt
109:and other seaports in
91:
1317:Radical Entertainment
1161:Vantage Airport Group
1081:Shavick Entertainment
1061:Ricky's All Day Grill
1046:Prospera Credit Union
861:Harbour Air Seaplanes
691:Coast Capital Savings
596:Ballard Power Systems
468:Terminal Dock Limited
456:Sinotrans Canada Inc.
438:PacNord Agencies Ltd.
202:Workers' Unity League
185:. It established the
89:
1237:Distinctive Software
1232:Catalena Productions
926:Kerberos Productions
796:Freshlocal Solutions
621:Brightlight Pictures
263:Colonel C. E. Edgett
175:'s ocean liner, the
1121:T&T Supermarket
1056:Relic Entertainment
946:Lululemon Athletica
706:Crosslight Software
611:BlueShore Financial
535:Companies based in
417:Oldendorff Carriers
380:McLean Kennedy Inc.
350:Greer Shipping Ltd.
336:Fibreco Export Inc.
1337:United Front Games
1327:Rockstar Vancouver
1277:Island Express Air
1176:West Fraser Timber
1016:Pacific Blue Cross
1001:Nintendo of Canada
951:Lush North America
936:Klei Entertainment
916:Jim Pattison Group
771:Envision Financial
736:Dollar Tree Canada
459:SMI Marine Limited
420:OOCL (Canada) Inc.
383:Maersk Canada Inc.
224:Mayor Gerry McGeer
169:special constables
92:
31:list of references
1350:
1349:
1322:Recon Instruments
1287:Mozilla Messaging
1282:MacMillan Bloedel
1212:Barnard's Express
1096:SoftQuad Software
1011:Ocean Productions
931:Kin's Farm Market
811:Gulf & Fraser
646:Canada Wide Media
389:Mason Agency Ltd.
294:Cerescorp Company
217:On-to-Ottawa Trek
100:British Columbian
84:
83:
76:
1418:
1312:Propaganda Games
1227:Capcom Vancouver
1101:Squirrel Systems
996:Next Level Games
956:Macdonald Realty
801:Freshslice Pizza
721:Dairyland Canada
711:CTBC Bank Canada
641:Cactus Club Cafe
636:BroadbandTV Corp
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441:PCDC Canada Ltd.
277:Member Companies
178:Empress of Japan
111:British Columbia
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54:this article by
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776:Fairchild Group
756:Ebco Industries
701:Creative Energy
671:Choices Markets
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537:Metro Vancouver
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1242:EA Black Box
1191:Zulu Records
1036:PlentyofFish
941:London Drugs
856:Happy Planet
751:EA Vancouver
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606:Blenz Coffee
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161:
137:
124:
115:longshoremen
104:
95:
93:
70:
61:
50:Please help
42:
1262:HarbourLynx
1252:Future Shop
1091:SkyBox Labs
971:MetroLyrics
836:Global News
731:Dan-D Foods
716:Cymax Group
556:604 Records
127:World War I
56:introducing
1385:Categories
1354:References
1186:White Spot
1106:SSR Mining
1006:O2E Brands
851:Greenpeace
285:APL Canada
102:seaports.
90:BCMEA logo
1171:VersaCold
1051:QX Metals
896:Intrawest
876:Hootsuite
806:Galvanize
566:AbCellera
212:in 1935.
210:Red Scare
206:Comintern
107:Vancouver
1136:Teradici
991:Nettwerk
966:Methanex
841:Goldcorp
791:FortisBC
676:Cityfone
586:Avigilon
1272:Hawkair
1200:Defunct
1146:Vancity
911:JJ Bean
831:Glentel
816:Gardein
781:Finning
681:Clearly
591:Aritzia
269:'s new
134:History
52:improve
1217:BC Tel
1207:Air BC
1021:Panago
746:E-Comm
651:Canfor
544:Active
171:. The
1131:Telus
726:Daiya
37:, or
1292:NCIX
1166:Vega
976:Modo
686:Clio
94:The
255:CIO
173:CPR
1387::
235:.
41:,
33:,
528:e
521:t
514:v
77:)
71:(
66:)
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48:.
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