Communist Party of Canada

3127:. The debate moved over into the PCQ as well. These positions were questioned by the Quebec leader of the party, André Parizeau, who formulated a series of amendments in support of immediate independence in 2004 which were rejected by both the National Executive Committee (NEC) of the Quebec party (by a vote of 4–2) and by the Central Executive Committee of the Canadian party (by a vote of 7–1). In January 2005, Parizeau wrote a letter to PCQ members declaring that the party was in crisis and, describing the four NEC members who opposed his amendments as a pro-federalist "Gang of Four", he summarily dismissed them. Although his Quebec nationalist point of view held a slim majority at the PCQ's convention of April 2005, the delegate selection process was highly disputed. Parizeau was subsequently expelled by the Central Committee of the CPC for factionalism and actions harmful to the party. Around the same time, his group announced their withdrawal from the CPC. 2137: 2230: 2963: 34: 302: 2845:

convention was not convened. With few remaining options, Rowley and the other expelled members threatened to take the Hewison group to court. After several months of negotiations between the Hewison group and the opposition "All-Canada Negotiating Committee", an out-of-court settlement resulted in the Hewison leadership agreeing to leave the CPC and relinquish any claim to the party's name, while taking most of the party's assets to the Cecil-Ross Society, a publishing and educational foundation previously associated with the party.

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threshold from 50 to 12 candidates for the party identifier to appear on the ballot. After the Supreme Court of Canada ruled unanimously to strike down the 50-candidate threshold as unconstitutional, the Chretien government was forced to introduce and pass Bill C-3 (2003), which scrapped the rule altogether for party registration. This victory was celebrated by many of the other small parties – regardless of political differences – on the principle that it was a victory for the people's right to democratic choice.

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self-determination. In the 1950s and 1960s the party clarified this position, becoming the first party to advocate for a democratic solution to the national question and a new "made-in-Canada" constitution that would guarantee sovereignty for Quebec, up to and including separation. While supporting the right to separate, the communists opposed the succession of Quebec from Canada, proposing a new equal and voluntary partnership between what was then commonly called French and English Canada.

3996: 3915: 3387: 5568: 1874: 2370: 4180: 3543: 2428: 5554: 2348: 7052: 107: 4193: 4080: 3727: 3426: 4244: 4142: 4093: 4009: 3962: 3881: 3834: 3787: 3740: 3693: 3646: 3465: 3346: 5509: 5476: 3949: 3868: 3504: 2802: 4231: 3821: 3774: 3680: 2892: 4128: 5310: 5274: 5233: 5205: 5197: 5169: 5161: 5125: 5089: 5053: 4992: 4984: 4951: 4943: 4907: 4879: 4871: 4843: 4835: 4786: 4778: 4742: 4701: 4665: 4625: 4617: 4579: 4549: 4541: 4511: 4503: 4473: 4463: 4413: 4405: 4377: 4369: 5318: 5282: 5241: 5133: 5097: 5061: 4915: 4750: 4709: 4673: 4587: 2408:(CCF). After 1935 the CPC advocated electoral alliances and unity with the CCF on key issues. The proposal was debated in the CCF, with the 1936 BC, Alberta and Saskatchewan conventions generally supporting cooperation while the Ontario convention opposed. While the motion was defeated at the CCF's third federal convention, the CPC continued to call for a united front. 2112:(TUEL) which quickly became an organic part of the labour movement with active groups in 16 of 60 labour councils and in mining and logging camps. By 1925 party membership stood at around 4,500 people, composed mainly of miners and lumber workers, and of railway, farm, and garment workers. Most of these people came from immigrant communities like Finns and Ukrainians. 2574: 4289:, who was elected in 1945, the year in which the CPC's proportion of the federal election vote was its highest ever at 2.13%. In the 1953 federal election the CPC ran 100 candidates, its most ever; however, it only received only 1.06% of the national vote. Those one hundred candidates encompassed seven provinces and included 22 women, as well as 11 young adults. 3242:

the creation of the Communist Party and operated political and cultural activities amongst various immigrant groups, published magazines and operated their own cultural centres and meeting halls. From the 1920s through the 1950s the largest immigrant groups represented in the party were Finns, Ukrainians and Jews who were organized in the

3145:, the opening of a new office and reading room, the launch of a new website, and the party's reaffiliation with Quebec Solidaire. The PCQ-PCC works closely with the youth organization Ligue de la jeunesse communiste du Quebec. The CPC's account of this situation is available online, as is the letter from Parizeau's PCQ group. 3155:"I accept as my own the aim of the Communist Party to work unceasingly for the establishment of a socialist society in Canada, in which the principal means of producing and distributing wealth will be the common property of society as a whole, and where exploitation, want, poverty and insecurity will be ended forever." 3241:

Historically, the CPC has had allied organizations which were affiliated with the party until the late-1920s, when these affiliates were hitherto understood to be largely following the party's direction. These groups often originated from left-wing labour and socialist movements that existed prior to

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on an equal and voluntary basis. The communists called for workers sympathetic with independence movements to unite on a common, immediate class-based programme of common struggle with English-speaking Canadian workers. The PCQ helped re-launch Montreal's mass May Day demonstrations and advanced many

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Owing to his declining health, Miguel Figueroa stepped down as central party leader in 2015 after serving in the position for 23 years. Elizabeth Rowley subsequently became the first woman leader of the party after being elected central party leader by the central committee on January 31, 2016. Under

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Key provincial conventions were held in 1991 in the two main provincial bases of the CPC: British Columbia and Ontario. At the BC convention, delegates threw out Fred Wilson, one of the main leaders of the Hewison group. A few months later in June 1991, Ontario delegates rejected a concerted campaign

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caused more people to leave the CPC. Many women were likewise deterred from engaging with the party as it was somewhat resistant to women's politics at the time. The party may have countered that the discussions of sex, gender, and women's politics held the potential to veer away from the overarching

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The CPC had a membership of about 4,500 people in 1925, consisting mainly of miners, lumberers, railway workers, farmers, and garment workers. Party membership soared in the 1940s, peaking at just under 20,000 in January 1946. However, during this time the CPC's membership in Quebec only amounted to

3107:

By the 1980s, the CPC and PCQ were calling for "a new, democratic constitutional arrangement based on the equal and voluntary union of Aboriginal peoples, Québec, and English-speaking Canada" replacing the Senate with a house of nations. In this context the PCQ and CPC critically supported the first

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Meanwhile, the former communists retained the Cecil-Ross Society as a political foundation to continue their political efforts. They also sold off the party's headquarters at 24 Cecil Street, having earlier liquidated various party-related business such as Eveready Printers (the party printshop) and

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had offered to provide funding for the group. In addition to Guelph resident Fred Farley, a member of the United Communist Party of America, the attendees named in the RCMP report included Thomas J. Bell (a lithographer born in Ireland), Lorne Cunningham (an alderman), Trevor Maguire (one of the few

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Following the departure of the Hewison-led group, a convention was held in December 1992 at which delegates agreed to continue the CPC (thus the meeting was titled the 30th CPC Convention). Delegates rejected the reformist policies instituted by the Hewison group and instead reaffirmed the CPC as a

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and passed by Parliament in the spring of 1993, required that any political party which failed to field 50 candidates in a general federal election would be automatically deregistered and its assets seized. The CPC was not in a position to run 50 candidates in the 1993 federal election (it fielded

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in 1940 shortly after Canada entered into the war. In many cases communist leaders were interned in camps, long before fascists. As growing numbers of CPC leaders were interned, some members went underground or exile in the United States. Conditions in the camps were harsh. A civil rights campaign

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The vast majority of local clubs and committees of the CPC opposed the expulsions, and called instead for an extraordinary convention of the party to resolve the deepening crisis in a democratic manner. There were loud protests at the central committee's October 1991 meeting, but an extraordinary

2309:. From 1933 to 1936, the WUL led 90% of the strikes in Canada. Already, conditions had taught social democrats, reformists, and the communists important lessons of cooperation. In 1934, in accordance with the re-examined position of the Comintern, the CPC adopted a strategy and tactics based on a 5457:

The party failed to register at least 50 candidates in time for the 1993 election. As a result, the party was deregistered and its candidates ran as independents. Party status was not regained until prior to the 2000 general election. It is unknown how many party members ran in the 1993 and 1997

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The CPC remained banned, but with the entry of the Soviet Union into the war and the eventual release of the Canadian party's interned leaders, Canadian communists founded the Labour-Progressive Party (LPP) in 1943 as a legal front and thereafter ran candidates under that name until 1959. At its

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The CPC made a systemic critique of the depression as an alleged crisis of capitalism. It was also the first political party in Canada to call for the introduction of unemployment insurance, a national health insurance scheme, universally accessible education, social and employment assistance to

3111:

During the crisis in CPC during the 1990s, the PCQ became disorganized, closed its offices, and its remaining members drifted apart from the CPC, with many in the leadership adopting positions sympathetic to nationalism. It was not until 1997 that a range of communists and communist groups came

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In June 2022, allegations of sexual harassment by a party organizer surfaced on social media; the central committee's response was perceived as inadequate by some within the party. This resulted in an internal party schism that led to the resignations or expulsions of a number of party members.

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The CPC held its 38th Central Convention in May 2016, again in Toronto. The meeting drew about 70–80 delegates from Ontario, British Columbia, Quebec, Manitoba, Alberta, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and New Brunswick, in order of delegation size. The party held a special tribute to outgoing leader

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organizing and campaigns, in the civic reform movement, and in a number of social justice, anti-war and international solidarity groups and coalitions. The YCL was reestablished in 2007 and has since set up local branches in a number of cities across Canada and held several central conventions.

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For some time the party had been struggling to develop its policy on the national question in Canada, which had changed considerably since the party's formation. As early as the 1930s the CPC recognized Quebec was a nation and by the late 1940s the party began to advocate for Quebec's right to

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to (among other things) remove the unconstitutional seizure of party assets for failure to field 50 candidates in a general election and provided for the full refund of candidates' deposits. The party had its deregistration overturned and its seized assets restored. Bill C-9 (2001) reduced the

2859:. The convention elected a new central committee with Figueroa as Party Leader. The convention also amended the party constitution to grant more membership control and lessen the arbitrary powers of the central committee, while maintaining democratic centralism as its organizational principle. 3257:

Also active in the 1930s and 1940s were the Hungarian Workers Clubs, the Polish People's Association (formerly the Polish Workers' and Farmers' Association and later known as the Polish Democratic Association after World War II), the Serbian People's Movement and Croatian Cultural Association

2820:

The protracted ideological and political crisis created much confusion and disorientation within the ranks of the Party, and paralysed both its independent and united front work for over two years. The Hewison-led majority in the party's central committee voted to abandon Marxism–Leninism. An

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became the first communist elected to public office in North America, under the banner of the CLP in Winnipeg. The CLP itself, however, never became an effective national organization. The CPC withdrew from the CLP in 1928–1929 following a shift in Comintern policy, and the CLP folded shortly

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every three years, in which delegates from party clubs across Canada elect the party leadership. Delegates elect the members of the Central Committee who in turn nominate the members of the Central Executive Committee (CEC). The composition of the CEC is then ratified by the delegates to the

3270:. The German Canadian Federation was formed during World War II and the Canadian Slav Committee was formed in 1948 in an attempt to put party-aligned cultural associations for Ukrainians, Russians, Poles, Slovaks, Bulgarians, Macedonians, Yugoslavs, and Carpatho-Rusyns under one umbrella. 2833:, resisted this effort. At the 28th Convention in the fall of 1990, the Hewison group managed to maintain its control of the central committee, but by the spring of 1991, the membership began to turn more and more against the reformist policies and orientation of the Hewison leadership. 2175:

was only saved from expulsion from the Party due to her untimely death in 1929. Her feminism and advocacy of birth control, for example, were well known to the mainstream press, but her radical contemporaries questioned her political sympathies and gave her few chances to shine.

2817:(1988–1991), the leadership of the CPC and a segment of its general membership began to abandon Marxism–Leninism as the basis of the party's revolutionary perspective, and ultimately moved to liquidate the party itself, seeking to replace it with a more moderate entity. 2982:

article the assembly drew 65 delegates most of whom were from Ontario, British Columbia and Quebec with a few from Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Nova Scotia. Party leader Miguel Figueroa called for the CPC to field 25 candidates in the upcoming federal election.

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Although the CPC had worked hard to warn Canadians about what it considered to be a growing fascist danger, the CPC saw the opening of World War II not as an anti-fascist war but a battle between capitalist nations. This was due to the Soviet Union having signed the

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The call was particularly urgent in Quebec, where in 1937 the Duplessis government passed "an act to protect Quebec against communist propaganda", which gave the police the power to padlock any premises used by "communists" (which was undefined in the legislation).

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The Hewison group moved on August 27, 1991, to expel eleven of the key leaders of the opposition, including Rowley, Emil Bjarnason, and former central organizer John Bizzell. The Hewison-controlled Central Executive also dismissed the Ontario provincial committee.

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and the Portuguese Canadian Democratic Association which was formed by left-wing emigres who had left Portugal in the 1960s and early 1970s when it was still ruled by a right wing dictatorship. The Portuguese association was outspoken in its support of the 1974

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reality of Canada as "a state with more than one nation within its borders". The PCQ emerged as a "distinct entity" of the CPC, with shared membership and, at the same time, full control over its policies and administration including its own constitution.

2123:, another expression of the CPC's "united front" strategy. The CLP operated as a federated labour party. The CPC came to lead the CLP organization in several regions of the country, including Quebec, and did not run candidates during elections. In 1925 3296:

The Communist Party of Canada has provincial sections which contest general elections at the provincial level. In most provinces the provincial section's name is in the format "Communist Party of Canada ()". Active provincial sections exist in

2517:, the party argued that the nature of the war had changed to a genuine anti-fascist struggle. The CPC reversed its opposition to the war and argued the danger to the working class on the international level superseded its interests nationally. 2765:

from a trip to the Soviet Union where he found rampant party-sponsored antisemitism. Salsberg reported his findings but they were rejected by the party, which suspended him from its leading bodies. The crisis resulted in the departure of the

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The party's central committee affirmed the authority of the previous PCQ National Executive Committee on June 18–19, 2005. The PCQ-PCC then held a new convention which resulted in the revival of the French-language communist periodical

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in late 1929 signalled the beginning of a long and protracted economic crisis in Canada and internationally. The crisis quickly led to widespread unemployment, poverty, destitution, and suffering among working families and farmers. The

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In the prairies, communists organized the Farmers Unity League, which mobilized against farm evictions. They rallied hundreds or thousands of farmers into demonstration Hunger Marches that encountered police brutality. In 1936,

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only eight candidates during that election), and therefore its assets were seized and the party was deregistered. The CPC had sought an interim injunction to prevent its imminent de-registration, but this legal action failed.

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came into effect which required a party to run at least 50 candidates in order to be considered an official party. The Communist Party failed to reach that threshold and so its 32 candidates were officially considered to be

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and the continued pressure of the Cold War. Moving to better put into practice what it saw as a deeper political understanding of the national question, the CPC in Quebec re-organized as the Communist Party of Quebec

1956:

The Communist Party of Canada focuses on contributing to the "labour and people's movements" through extra-parliamentary activity. Throughout its history, the party has made significant contributions to Canada's

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ensued, which won the support of widespread popular opinion, reflected in a number of members of parliament openly supporting the challenge and other small political parties joining the case, most notably the

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The Communist Party of Canada (CPC) was subsequently founded on May 28, 1921. Many of its founding members had worked as labour organizers and as anti-war activists and had belonged to groups such as the

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expressed sympathy with these positions, the vast majority of members had decided to continue with the party by the early 1930s, after debates that dominated party conventions for a couple of years.

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and urged full support for the war effort, a no-strike pledge for the duration of the war and increased industrial production. The National Council for Democratic Rights was also established with

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Among the poor and unemployed, communists organized groups like the left-wing Workers Sports Association, one of the few ways that working-class youth had access to recreational programmes. The

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in November 1933. They demanded the release of the prisoners, an investigation into Buck's attempted murder, and the repeal of Section 98. After the prisoners were released a rally was held in

2025:. An RCMP officer, working undercover, attended the meetings. His report states that delegates attended from "Winnipeg, Vancouver, Hamilton, Toronto, Montreal, Sudbury and Regina" and that the 2017:

Between May 23 and 25, 1921, local communists and socialists held clandestine meetings in a barn behind a farmhouse (owned by Elizabeth Farley) at 257 Metcalf Street, then in the outskirts of

2167:(who had supported Spector's expulsion) who resigned as the party's general secretary for factionalism, and was expelled. The Secretary of the Women's Bureau and later, general editor of the 8121: 2837:

by Hewison and his supporters, and overwhelmingly reelected provincial leader Elizabeth Rowley and other supporters of the Marxist–Leninist current to the Ontario Committee and Executive.

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Marxist–Leninist organization. Since most of the old party's assets were now the property of the Hewison-led Cecil Ross Society, the CPC convention decided to launch a new newspaper, the

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in 1945. Broke with the Liberals in 1946 and spent the remainder of his term as a Labour MPP working with the two LPP MPPs, MacLeod and Salsberg. He did not run for re-election in 1948.

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and the National Unemployed Workers Association played significant roles in organizing the unskilled and the unemployed in protest marches and demonstrations and campaigns such as the

2097:. When Parliament allowed the War Measures Act to lapse in 1924, the underground organization was dissolved and the party's name was changed back to the "Communist Party of Canada". 2034:(a teacher from Toronto). The group was "incessantly praising the Soviet Government of Russia, and urging the overthrow of the Government of Canada", according to the police report. 6466: 3273:

The Society of Capartho-Russian Canadians re-formed and, in 1950, acquired a hall at 280 Queen Street West in Toronto which it continues to operate into the twenty-first century.

1538: 8116: 1563: 2207:. The CPC disagreed internally over strategy, tactics, the socialist identity of the Soviet Union, and over Canada's status as an imperialist power. While some communists like 5789: 2786:

goal of class revolution, for example, many radical women recalled the hypocrisy of party men who refused to discuss sex despite carrying on numerous extramarital affairs.

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in effect at its time of creation, the party operated as the "Workers' Party of Canada" in February 1922 as its public face, and in March began publication of a newspaper,

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height in the mid-1940s, the party had fourteen sitting elected officials at the federal, provincial and municipal level. Several prominent elected party members were:

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Solidarity efforts for the Spanish Civil War and many labour and social struggles during the Depression resulted in much cooperation between members of the CPC and the

2727:, a cipher clerk at the Soviet Embassy, defected to Canada and alleged that several Canadian communists were operating a spy ring which provided the Soviet Union with 2623:

in Winnipeg. Zuken was an LPP school trustee before succeeding Penner on city council by which time the LPP had changed its name back to the Communist Party of Canada.

1966: 1770: 774: 234: 2959:, a journal for Marxist theory and discussion. In 2001 the party adopted a comprehensive update to its party programme and renamed it "Canada's Future is Socialism". 4034:

The Chairman of the Communist Party of Canada was a largely ceremonial position which existed from 1921 to 1973. The following is a list of known party chairmen.

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youth, labour legislation including health and safety regulations, regulation of the working day and holidays, a minimum wage for women and youth, and state-run

1533: 854: 1087: 492: 2937:. Never before had a single court challenge resulted in legislative action on three separate occasions to amend a standing law. Bill C-2 (2000) amended the 3100:. The federated party of labour proposal was endorsed by the late 1960s by most trade union centrals, but the project was eclipsed by the emergence of the 6432: 2871:, which had been the party's weekly newspaper for decades, as well as roughly half of the party's assets. The Cecil-Ross Society ended publication of the 8035: 6737: 3123:

The UFP agreed to place the question of Quebec independence as secondary to social or class issues. This was hotly debated as the party transformed into

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The renovated party, although with a much smaller membership and resources, now faced further challenges and threats to its existence. Changes to the

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candidate in 1940, declared her affiliation with the LPP when it was formed in August 1943 and ran unsuccessfully for re-election as an LPP candidate.

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elected a Communist majority town council and school board in 1933 and renamed the main street "Tim Buck Avenue" and the main park "Karl Marx Park"

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At its height in the mid-1940s, the CPC had fourteen sitting elected officials at the federal, provincial and municipal levels, including federal

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Central Executive Committee of the Communist Party of Canada; National Executive Committee of the Parti communiste du Québec (October 4, 2005).

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accepted the party as its Canadian section in December 1921, and thus the CPC adopted an organizational structure and policy similar to other

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The UJPO broke with the party in 1956 during the period of the "Khrushchev revelations" and allegations of antisemitism in the Soviet Union.

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and most of the party's Jewish members in 1956. Many, perhaps most, members of the CPC left, including a number of prominent party members.

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From 1927 to 1929, the party went through a series of policy debates and internal ideological struggles in which advocates of the ideas of

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In the late 1950s, the party finally overturned the Padlock Law, giving new energy and hope to the party despite difficult times with the

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the party's position on the national question became the subject of broad debate across the country, and influenced the agreement of the

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shook the faith of many communists around the world. The party was also riven by a crisis following the return of prominent party member

2652: 1930: 1904: 784: 8106: 8081: 8025: 2542:, the banned CPC set up "Tim Buck Plebiscite Committees" across the country to campaign for a "yes" vote in the national referendum on 961: 497: 359: 20: 6706: 3247: 1994:

subsequently began what would become a successful thirteen-year-long legal battle against the changes, which were struck down by the

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The party, working with the TUEL, played a role in many bitter strikes and difficult organizing drives, and in support of militant

1983: 1941:. Although it does not currently have any parliamentary representation, the party's candidates have previously been elected to the 1838: 859: 6306: 7331: 6730: 3113: 2674: 2416: 1478: 1398: 1388: 1178: 726: 691: 6559: 3112:

together to re-organize the PCQ. A few years later the party helped bring together different tendencies in the left to form the

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Includes Dorise Nielsen who ran and was elected as a Progressive Unity candidate and later joined the Labor-Progressive Party.

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as chair in order to rally for the legalization of the CPC and the release of communists and anti-fascists from internment.

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Later allied organizations include the Greek Canadian Democratic Organization formed by leftists emigres who had fled the

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referendum question on sovereignty association, while later the CPC advocated voting No on the second referendum in 1995.

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was a major boost to the Quebec communists and reflected the support of the CPC among working-class people in the city.

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The Communist Party of Canada began organizing in Quebec upon its founding. Many important leaders of the CPC including

8071: 7967: 7227: 7055: 6854: 6723: 3568: 2863:

Progress Publishers. The name of the Cecil-Ross Society comes from the intersection of Cecil Street and Ross Street in

2638: 2603: 2284:(WUL) launched a campaign calling for their release and presented a petition with 450,000 signatures to Prime Minister 1632: 1597: 1553: 1360: 1185: 894: 769: 686: 681: 2393:, known for his invention of a mobile blood-transfusion unit, early advocacy of Medicare in Canada, and work with the 1937:. Founded in 1921 under conditions of illegality, it is the second oldest active political party in Canada, after the 7450: 7217: 6228: 6194: 3177: 3096:

unique policies including the idea of a federated party of labour, which proved its prescience with the formation of

2778: 2692: 1823: 1668: 1582: 1493: 1365: 1238: 1193: 1147: 1142: 1107: 1062: 1037: 779: 614: 414: 77: 55: 48: 7947: 7605: 7318: 6859: 6828: 2101: 1950: 1720: 1622: 1587: 1483: 1413: 1218: 1006: 934: 929: 609: 604: 431: 189: 2155:, as well as proponents of what the party called "North American Exceptionism", were expelled. Expellees included 1330: 3267: 3251: 2810: 2767: 2524: 2051: 2047: 1946: 1897: 1790: 1602: 1468: 1100: 1000: 6216:

Filming Politics: Communism and the Portrayal of the Working Class at the National Film Board of Canada, 1939–46

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The CPC reinvigorated its long-standing involvement in and contribution to the labour movement and support of

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and Malcom Norris were founders of the Métis Associations of Saskatchewan and Alberta in the 1940s and 1950s.

7891: 7385: 7013: 6792: 6335:""A Colourful Crowning Ceremony": Images of Class, Gender, and Beauty in World War II-Era Canadian Communism" 5413: 3490: 3373: 3356: 3266:

at the outbreak of World War II. When the Soviet Union became Canada's ally in 1942, they re-appeared as the

3263: 3190: 2851: 2732: 2528: 2477: 2359: 2265: 1423: 1310: 1285: 941: 886: 836: 831: 734: 444: 175: 425: 7121: 3529: 3046: 2378: 1715: 1458: 1268: 973: 966: 909: 869: 701: 487: 384: 196: 6170: 3137:", prompting the PCQ to begin using the abbreviation PCQ-PCC to distinguish itself from Parizeau's group. 8086: 7776: 7595: 7351: 7267: 7247: 6710: 6633: 6220: 3259: 3092: 2736: 2539: 2514: 2469: 2184: 1693: 1558: 1543: 1370: 1280: 1253: 1233: 1095: 1019: 881: 739: 629: 466: 2713:

The small rural municipality of Clayton, Saskatchewan elected a Communist mayor to one of its tiny towns

2104:(YCL), and solidarity efforts with the Soviet Union. By 1923 the party had raised over $ 64,000 for the 7957: 7851: 7766: 7168: 7107: 6891: 4068: 3715: 2867:

where the headquarters of the party was located. The Cecil-Ross Society took with it the rights to the

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government which attacked the labour movement and established "relief camps" for young unemployed men.

2164: 2140: 1942: 1890: 1627: 1577: 1523: 1508: 1318: 1248: 1125: 1080: 1075: 1067: 1055: 1050: 946: 876: 663: 641: 589: 504: 399: 337: 274: 6486: 6392: 2658: 7861: 7731: 6812: 6638: 6542: 3514: 3008: 2946: 2758: 2144: 2105: 2039: 1828: 1730: 1305: 1275: 1213: 1130: 1013: 919: 914: 826: 581: 564: 517: 512: 439: 369: 5521: 5488: 7473: 7292: 7252: 7222: 7190: 6510:"Who are the Golden Girls of Prospect Cemetery and why did they decide to spend eternity together?" 5428: 3088: 2568: 2398: 2292:

in 1934, with 17,000 in attendance and 8,000 unable to attend due to there not being enough space.

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was elected as an MLA for Winnipeg, the first CPC member to be elected to Manitoba's legislature.

2280:, which outlawed advocacy of force or violence to bring about political change. The party and the 2233:

A member of the CPC's Toronto club is arrested for distributing party literature, August 12, 1929.

7993: 7841: 7756: 7716: 7711: 7701: 7579: 7395: 7336: 7176: 7115: 6849: 5617:

The Young Communist League of Canada is nominally independent from the Communist Party of Canada.

5381: 5351: 4423: 2648: 2452: 2394: 2269: 2075: 1995: 1938: 1775: 1592: 1383: 1263: 983: 794: 756: 576: 461: 2089:

The party alternated between legality and illegality during the 1920s and 1930s. Because of the

8020: 7988: 7373: 7341: 7183: 7145: 7028: 4286: 3022: 2928: 2900: 2740: 2728: 2688: 2577: 2532: 2432: 2277: 2043: 2000: 1198: 1155: 816: 404: 59: 2962: 7876: 7442: 7390: 7379: 7242: 7139: 3128: 2934: 2386: 2301:

Although the party was banned, it organized large mass organizations such as the WUL and the

2120: 2074:

and the fight to improve living standards and labour rights, including the experience of the

2063: 1833: 1443: 1428: 811: 7646: 8008: 7856: 7821: 7721: 7671: 7666: 7610: 7520: 7133: 4283: 3285: 2910: 2703: 2510: 2495: 2488:

was launched by the wives of many of the interned men for family visits and their release.

1978: 1843: 1817: 1673: 1338: 804: 209: 5626:

The Communist Party of Quebec is nominally independent from the Communist Party of Canada.

3169:

Women made up 12 to 15% of the CPC's membership from 1934 to 1938, rising to 28% by 1951.

8: 7962: 7942: 7500: 7415: 7127: 3068: 2991:

and finished in twelfth, receiving 3,905 votes and a total of 0.02% of the popular vote.

2116: 799: 676: 671: 529: 322: 3596:

The following is a list of party leaders since 1921. The party leader was known as the "

3124: 3117: 3097: 2677:, Edna Ryerson, Elizabeth Morton and John Boyd were elected to the School Board in 1944. 2328:' attempt to unionize the auto and other industrial sectors including Steelworkers, the 2108:, a very large sum of money at that time. It also initiated a Canadian component of the 301: 8040: 7916: 7706: 7681: 7590: 7431: 6370: 6362: 6298:

Reds in Beds: The Communist Party of Canada and the Politics of Reproduction, 1920–1970

6284: 6276: 6214: 5424: 2716: 2289: 2067: 1710: 312: 219: 3173: 7871: 7574: 7569: 7492: 7302: 7237: 6567: 6374: 6354: 6321: 6307:"'A Very Good Barn in Guelph': The Founding of the Communist Party of Canada in 1921" 6288: 6268: 6224: 6190: 6155: 6136: 6121: 5377: 5347: 3597: 3038: 2978:

The CPC held its 37th Central Convention in February 2013 in Toronto. According to a

2746: 2695:

which he helped found in the late 1960s. Though not officially a CPC member he was a

2382: 2363: 2352: 2218: 2172: 2119:. From 1922 to 1929, the provincial sections of the WPC/CPC also affiliated with the 2031: 1808: 646: 6655: 6467:"Communist Party of Canada founded at secret convention in Guelph barn 99 years ago" 6184: 3194:, which has been in circulation since 1993. The party's previous newspapers include 3131:

continued to recognize Parizeau as holding the electoral registration for the name "

7846: 7831: 7641: 7554: 7272: 7159: 6921: 6886: 6346: 6260: 5573: 5419: 5254: 4001: 3984: 3920: 3668: 3392: 3302: 3076: 3026: 2898:

led a successful campaign against the deregistration of minor political parties in

2826: 2696: 2644: 2483: 2238: 2204: 2200: 2192: 2090: 1973: 1878: 260: 129: 7726: 7357: 5517: 5484: 3037:

joined the party in Montreal. The Quebec district fought hard battles against the

2463:

Tim Buck at a Communist Labour and Total War Committee meeting on October 13, 1942

7998: 7921: 7906: 7901: 7801: 7771: 7696: 7661: 7583: 6916: 6906: 5709: 5707: 5559: 5007: 4722: 4115: 3937: 3856: 3101: 3018: 2895: 2830: 2822: 2630: 2459: 2444: 2440: 2318: 2294: 2188: 2156: 2143:

is escorted away by police after a failed attempt to hold a free speech rally in

2083: 1991: 1922: 345: 106: 7098: 2506:'s popular front. Nielsen kept her membership in the party a secret until 1943. 7896: 7886: 7786: 7741: 7400: 7297: 7262: 6911: 6186:

Canada's Party of Socialism: History of the Communist Party of Canada 1921–1976

5373: 5343: 4964: 4133: 3903: 3084: 3034: 2919: 2814: 2790: 2593: 2589: 2503: 2491: 2439:, Émery Samuel and Sam Lipschitz. Back row, from left to right: Gus Sundqvist, 2431:

Meeting of party leaders in 1942. Front row, from left to right: Henri Gagnon,

2390: 2258: 2208: 1987: 1976:

deregistered the party and seized its assets in accordance with changes to the

1962: 253: 5704: 2535:

was elected to parliament in a by-election, the only open Communist to do so.

8065: 7911: 7836: 7811: 7691: 7626: 7421: 6901: 6491: 6358: 6325: 6272: 5545: 4645: 3809: 3258:(formerly the Jugoslav Workers' Clubs) and the Carpatho-Russian Society. The 3250:(known as the Ukrainian Labour Farmer Temple Association until 1946) and the 2782: 2781:

estimated the party membership to be approximately 3,500. The Soviet Union's

2762: 2754: 2750: 2724: 2310: 2285: 2196: 6715: 6604: 3030: 2369: 2305:, which played an important role in historic strikes like that of miners in 8045: 7926: 7881: 7866: 7761: 7736: 7686: 7651: 7631: 7325: 6674: 5393:

Includes votes for Communist Dorise Nielsen running as a Progressive Unity.

4185: 4168: 3548: 3368: 3180:

estimated the CPC's membership to be approximately 3,500 in the mid-1960s.

3014: 2771: 2680: 2626: 2616: 2612: 2599: 2543: 2520: 2247: 2152: 2026: 124: 7826: 6350: 2809:

In common with most communist parties, it went through a crisis after the

2100:

The party's first actions included establishing a youth organization, the

7816: 7781: 7746: 7676: 7656: 7034: 7021: 6206:

Raising the Workers' Flag: The Workers' Unity League of Canada, 1930–1936

5644: 5597: 3042: 2971: 2789:

The party was also active in indigenous people's struggles. For example,

2427: 2071: 1958: 1858: 7418:

that acts as a party in the legislature, but does not contest elections

6366: 6334: 6058: 6056: 5978: 5553: 2502:, the only woman to do so, with the support of the CPC as a part of the 2347: 7796: 7791: 7751: 6881: 6280: 6248: 3634: 3246:(founded in 1911 as the Finnish Socialist Organization of Canada), the 2551: 2273: 2180: 184: 6133:

Thirty Years, 1922–1952: The Story of the Communist movement in Canada

5516:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

5483:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

3262:

were formed in the early 1930s but closed by the government under the

2945:

During this time the, CPC began to reorganize its Quebec section, the

2475:

The CPC's opposition to World War II led to it being banned under the

8050: 7806: 6539:"Attempt by the Parizeau group to seize control of the PCQ defeated!" 6053: 6002: 5954: 5942: 4634:

Changed name from Labor-Progressive Party to Communist Party in 1959.

2684: 2079: 2055: 1848: 1813: 1780: 239: 204: 6264: 3176:, the CPC had 1,500 to 3,000 members during the 1960s. However, the 6896: 5380:

candidate who belonged to the Communist Party and later joined the

5346:, was a member of the Communist Party but ran and was elected as a 4439: 4323: 4219: 4198: 4085: 3762: 3732: 3431: 3306: 2662: 2634: 2620: 2607: 2448: 2436: 2214: 2066:

or clubs and organizations. The first members felt inspired by the

224: 2801: 2419:, founded in 1934 as the Canadian League Against War and Fascism. 7039: 5908: 5906: 5591: 4270: 4249: 4236: 4147: 4098: 4014: 3967: 3886: 3839: 3826: 3792: 3779: 3745: 3698: 3685: 3651: 3470: 3351: 3310: 3298: 2891: 2864: 2707: 2666: 2647:

was an LPP member and president of UAW Local 195, elected as the

2306: 2059: 2022: 163: 159: 6320:. Fergus: Wellington County Historical Research Society: 20–34. 5372:

8,699 votes for candidates running as Communists plus 5,372 for

3045:, and to organize the unorganized. The election of Fred Rose in 2187:, which formed part of Trotsky's so-called Fourth International 6152:

Communism in History and Theory: Asia, Africa, and the Americas

5891: 5879: 5867: 3954: 3873: 3509: 3314: 2018: 1934: 7472: 5903: 5755: 6699: 6014: 2573: 294: 8122:

Organizations banned under the Defence of Canada Regulations

7100:

Federal political parties and parliamentary groups in Canada

6536: 6487:"How the Communist Party changed Canadian elections forever" 6031: 6029: 5984: 3067:

or PCQ) in November 1965, reflecting what it now termed the

6585:"On the Recent Social Media Attacks on the Communist Party" 5411:

The Communist Party of Canada was banned in 1940 under the

3317:; the party was previously active in Saskatchewan as well. 5918: 2739:

to investigate the matter. This led to the convictions of

2268:

and eight party members were arrested, including Buck and

6673: 6582: 6557: 6182: 6168: 6092: 6062: 6041: 6026: 6008: 5960: 5948: 5713: 5650: 2415:

Another mass organization organized by the party was the

5767: 5668: 2987:

Rowley's leadership, the party ran 30 candidates in the

2562: 1953:, and various municipal governments across the country. 6656:"Memorable Manitobans: William N. Kolisnyk (1887–1967)" 5807: 5743: 5719: 5342:

Eight candidates ran as Communists, a ninth candidate,

2813:, and subsequently split. Under then general secretary 2796: 2342:

United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America

1967:

International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties

8117:

International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties

3254:(known as the Labour League until 1945) respectively. 2546:. Following the vote, the committees were renamed the 6393:"What's going on with the Communist Party of Canada?" 6239: 5855: 5831: 3600:

of the Communist Party of Canada" from 1921 to 1992.

3321:

Provincial sections of the Communist Party of Canada

2389:. Among the leading Canadian communists involved was 2131: 6068: 5990: 5843: 5819: 5795: 5535: 2955:

or PCQ). The CPC also began periodically publishing

2366:

and the 1938 Vancouver Post Office sit-down strike.

1965:. The Communist Party of Canada participates in the 6247:Benjamin, Roger W.; Kautsky, John H. (March 1968). 5731: 3002: 2875:and attempted to launch a new broad-left magazine, 2821:orthodox minority in the central committee, led by 6455: 6421: 6412: 6403: 5897: 5885: 5873: 5761: 3213:published many newspapers of its own, such as the 3081:Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism 5966: 5680: 5656: 5431:in the 1945, 1949, 1953, 1957 and 1958 elections. 2926:A prolonged ten-year political and legal battle, 2702:James Wallace was a councillor in the village of 2221:in 1929. He remained in the position until 1962. 2185:International Left Opposition (Trotskyist) Canada 8063: 6080: 5930: 5692: 5582:Notable members of the Communist Party of Canada 2886: 6558:Communist Party of Canada (February 16, 2016). 6246: 5912: 5453: 5451: 5423:. As a result, it ran candidates under a legal 3041:regime, which made the party illegal using the 2606:were LPP and then Communist school trustees in 2224: 2070:, and radicalized by the negative aftermath of 5587:Organization for Jewish Colonization in Russia 7458: 7084: 6745: 6731: 6583:Communist Party of Canada (August 29, 2022). 6433:"May 28 – a day for all workers to celebrate" 6422:"Long Branch: 3 Vie to Succeed Mrs. Curtis". 6383: 3160:— Communist Party of Canada initiation pledge 2548:Dominion Communist–Labour Total War Committee 1898: 6653: 5725: 5448: 3132: 3062: 2950: 2377:The party organized the mobilization of the 1165: 1156: 6560:"Communist Party elects first woman leader" 6304: 5674: 2557: 2422: 7465: 7451: 7091: 7077: 6738: 6724: 6654:Goldsborough, Gordon (September 2, 2020). 6119: 6098: 6047: 6035: 6020: 2966:YCL rebuilding convention in Toronto, 2007 2665:, Charles Simms and Norman Freed were LPP 1905: 1891: 300: 105: 21:Communist Party of Canada (disambiguation) 6677:. Communist Party of Canada. May 20, 2019 6154:. Vol. 1. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. 5407: 5405: 5403: 5401: 5399: 3248:Association of United Ukrainian Canadians 3188:The CPC publishes the biweekly newspaper 2879:which failed after a few issues and then 2030:in the group who was born in Canada) and 78:Learn how and when to remove this message 6602: 6404:"Bench Cannot Advise on Birth Control". 6203: 6123:The Communist Party in Canada: A History 5996: 5985:CEC of the CPC & NEC of the PCQ 2005 5749: 4632: 4420: 4269:The party holds a central convention in 4124: 3554:Communist Party of Canada (Saskatchewan) 2961: 2890: 2800: 2572: 2458: 2426: 2368: 2346: 2228: 2191:. The party also expelled supporters of 2135: 41:This article includes a list of general 6295: 6208:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 5924: 5773: 3236: 2417:Canadian League for Peace and Democracy 2264:The party's offices were raided by the 8064: 6631: 6603:Parizeau, André (September 24, 2006). 6464: 6212: 5861: 5849: 5837: 5825: 5813: 5801: 5686: 5662: 5396: 4274:convention through a simple majority. 3583:denotes a defunct provincial section. 3291: 2324:Party members were also active in the 2183:ideas, joined Spector in founding the 2012: 8112:Political parties established in 1921 7446: 7072: 6719: 6430: 6390: 6332: 6253:The American Political Science Review 6149: 6074: 5972: 5737: 5698: 5499:Average number of votes per candidate 5016: 4422:Changed name from Communist Party to 4264: 2563:Party ban and the Labour-Progressives 8004:International Brigade Memorial Trust 6507: 6484: 6249:"Communism and Economic Development" 6130: 6086: 5936: 5785: 5502: 5469: 3437:Communist Party of Canada – Manitoba 2797:Soviet Bloc collapse and party split 2406:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation 2338:International Woodworkers of America 2334:Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers Union 2326:Congress of Industrial Organizations 27: 8102:Federal political parties in Canada 4277: 3476:Communist Party of Canada (Ontario) 3398:Communist Party of British Columbia 2639:Members of the Legislative Assembly 2451:, Willie Fortin, Stewart Smith and 13: 6508:Yang, Jennifer (January 5, 2019). 6240:Journal articles and dissertations 6183:Communist Party of Canada (1982). 6169:Communist Party of Canada (2014). 6126:. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart. 2159:, the editor of the party's paper 2132:Debates, arguments, and expulsions 47:it lacks sufficient corresponding 14: 8133: 8107:Formerly banned communist parties 6691: 6465:Pender, Terry (January 1, 2021). 6300:(PhD thesis). Queen's University. 3281:Greek military junta of 1967–1974 3178:United States Department of State 2779:United States Department of State 2693:Committee of Progressive Electors 2592:, a Saskatchewan MP elected as a 2523:and Salsberg were elected to the 2511:1941 invasion of the Soviet Union 2373:Dr. Norman Bethune in China, 1938 2298:was created based on the events. 16:Federal political party in Canada 7948:Communist Party of Great Britain 7553: 7319:Democratic Representative Caucus 7051: 7050: 6829:Young Communist League (YCL-LCJ) 5566: 5552: 5538: 5507: 5474: 5316: 5309: 5308: 5280: 5273: 5272: 5239: 5232: 5231: 5204: 5203: 5196: 5195: 5168: 5167: 5160: 5159: 5131: 5124: 5123: 5095: 5088: 5087: 5059: 5052: 5051: 4991: 4990: 4983: 4982: 4950: 4949: 4942: 4941: 4913: 4906: 4905: 4878: 4877: 4870: 4869: 4842: 4841: 4834: 4833: 4785: 4784: 4777: 4776: 4748: 4741: 4740: 4707: 4700: 4699: 4671: 4664: 4663: 4624: 4623: 4616: 4615: 4585: 4578: 4577: 4548: 4547: 4540: 4539: 4510: 4509: 4502: 4501: 4472: 4471: 4462: 4461: 4412: 4411: 4404: 4403: 4376: 4375: 4368: 4367: 4242: 4229: 4191: 4178: 4140: 4126: 4091: 4078: 4007: 3994: 3960: 3947: 3913: 3879: 3866: 3832: 3819: 3785: 3772: 3738: 3725: 3691: 3678: 3644: 3591: 3541: 3502: 3463: 3424: 3385: 3344: 3172:According to Canadian historian 3003:Quebec and the national question 2883:which was only published twice. 2102:Young Communist League of Canada 1872: 190:Young Communist League of Canada 32: 6707:Communist Party of Canada fonds 6632:Finkel, Alvin (July 23, 2014). 6495:. Toronto: Red Maple Foundation 6391:Appel, Jeremy (July 30, 2022). 5620: 5434: 5387: 5366: 5357: 5350:candidate and later joined the 5336: 3538: 3268:Federation of Russian Canadians 3183: 2811:dissolution of the Soviet Union 2783:1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia 2759:1956 Soviet invasion of Hungary 2525:Legislative Assembly of Ontario 2261:and price control for farmers. 2179:MacDonald, also sympathetic to 2052:Industrial Workers of the World 8015:Songs of the Lincoln Battalion 6529: 6456:"Parent Quits Liberal Party". 6063:Communist Party of Canada 1982 6009:Communist Party of Canada 2019 5961:Communist Party of Canada 2022 5949:Communist Party of Canada 2016 5714:Communist Party of Canada 1982 5651:Communist Party of Canada 2014 5611: 5466:Percentage of the popular vote 5317: 5281: 5240: 5132: 5096: 5060: 5018:Candidates ran as independents 4914: 4809:Candidates ran as independents 4749: 4708: 4672: 4586: 3244:Finnish Organization of Canada 2989:2019 Canadian federal election 2303:Canadian Labour Defence League 2110:Trade Union Educational League 1: 8082:Canada–Soviet Union relations 8077:1921 establishments in Canada 7968:Communist Party of Yugoslavia 7535:José Antonio Valledor Álvarez 6426:. Toronto. November 28, 1962. 6172:Canada's Future is Socialism! 5633: 5414:Defence of Canada Regulations 3586: 3264:Defence of Canada Regulations 3148: 2887:Recent history (1992–present) 2735:was called by Prime Minister 2733:Kellock-Taschereau Commission 2478:Defence of Canada Regulations 2266:Royal Canadian Mounted Police 1424:Communist Party (Switzerland) 7606:Mackenzie–Papineau Battalion 6485:Rail, Eric (April 5, 2010). 6431:McKee, Dave (May 28, 2021). 5638: 3252:United Jewish Peoples' Order 2768:United Jewish Peoples' Order 2379:Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion 2225:Great Depression (1929–1938) 7: 8097:Far-left politics in Canada 8092:Communist parties in Canada 7596:Sixth of February Battalion 7475:XV International Brigade – 6931:Federal election candidates 6711:Library and Archives Canada 6660:Manitoba Historical Society 6624: 6605:"Regarding the other "PCQ"" 6221:University of Calgary Press 6189:. Toronto: Progress Books. 6135:. Toronto: Progress Books. 5913:Benjamin & Kautsky 1968 5531: 4343: 4340: 4055: 4052: 4049: 4042: 4029: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3608: 3260:Russian Farmer-Worker Clubs 3114:Union of Progressive Forces 3093:Quebec Federation of Labour 2737:William Lyon Mackenzie King 2540:Conscription Crisis of 1944 1765:International organizations 10: 8138: 7958:Communist Party of Ireland 7352:Progressive/United Farmers 7169:Independent Senators Group 6384:News and magazine articles 6204:Endicott, Stephen (2012). 6107: 5458:elections as independents. 3134:Parti communiste du Québec 3064:Parti communiste du Québec 3033:hailed from Montreal, and 3006: 2952:Parti communiste du Québec 2710:suburb, from 1942 to 1952. 2673:was elected to the city's 2566: 2360:Relief Camp Workers' Union 2007: 1927:Parti communiste du Canada 98:Parti communiste du Canada 18: 8072:Communist Party of Canada 7981: 7953:Communist Party of Canada 7935: 7619: 7562: 7551: 7485: 7427:List of political parties 7409: 7313:Co-operative Commonwealth 7281: 7210: 7158: 7106: 7048: 7006: 6930: 6874: 6837: 6821: 6785: 6770:Communist Party of Canada 6762: 6755: 6748:Communist Party of Canada 6639:The Canadian Encyclopedia 6609:Communist Party of Quebec 6589:Communist Party of Canada 6564:Communist Party of Canada 6314:Wellington County History 6305:Easterbrook, Ian (1995). 6150:Busky, Donald F. (2002). 6120:Avakumovic, Ivan (1975). 5253: 5011: 5006: 4807: 4721: 4644: 4438: 4322: 3911: 3642: 3515:Communist Party of Quebec 3357:Communist Party – Alberta 3166:several hundred members. 3133: 3009:Communist Party of Quebec 2947:Communist Party of Quebec 2040:Socialist Party of Canada 1919:Communist Party of Canada 1829:List of communist parties 1731:Victorian Socialist Party 308: 292: 287: 273: 259: 246: 231:International affiliation 230: 218: 195: 183: 171: 153: 135: 123: 113: 104: 95:Communist Party of Canada 92: 7347:Progressive Conservative 7191:Progressive Senate Group 6413:"Breaks With Liberals". 6112: 5604: 5429:Labour-Progressive Party 3211:British Columbia section 3209:Additionally, the CPC's 3089:Canadian Labour Congress 2753:criticizing the rule of 2569:Labour-Progressive Party 2558:Cold War era (1945–1991) 2513:and the collapse of the 2423:World War II (1939–1945) 2399:Second Sino-Japanese War 2244:general election of 1930 2163:and party chairman, and 7994:Communist International 7973:Communist Party of Cuba 7712:Carmelo Delgado Delgado 7580:American Medical Bureau 7177:Canadian Senators Group 6850:Labor-Progressive Party 6296:Beswick, Lorne (2017). 5898:The Globe and Mail 1962 5886:Toronto Daily Star 1946 5874:The Globe and Mail 1946 5762:Toronto Daily Star 1928 5382:Labor-Progressive Party 5352:Labor-Progressive Party 4424:Labor-Progressive Party 2929:Figueroa v. Canada (AG) 2901:Figueroa v. Canada (AG) 2805:William Kashtan in 1978 2659:Stanley Bréhaut Ryerson 2515:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 2470:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 2395:Chinese Communist Party 2330:Canadian Seamen's Union 2246:, brought to power the 2076:Winnipeg General Strike 2001:Figueroa v. Canada (AG) 1996:Supreme Court of Canada 1939:Liberal Party of Canada 1931:federal political party 220:Political position 141:; 103 years ago 62:more precise citations. 8021:Viva la Quinta Brigada 7989:International Brigades 7029:Figueroa v Canada (AG) 6634:"Workers Unity League" 6471:Waterloo Region Record 6213:Khouri, Malek (2007). 5716:, pp. 29, 33, 34. 3157: 3063: 3058:Khrushchev revelations 2967: 2951: 2905: 2806: 2777:In the mid-1960s, the 2743:and other communists. 2581: 2464: 2456: 2374: 2355: 2234: 2148: 2048:Socialist Labour Party 1926: 1166: 1157: 1088:Bosnia and Herzegovina 7877:Harry Wayland Randall 7391:Strength in Democracy 7380:Senate Liberal Caucus 7364:Ralliement créditiste 6399:– via Substack. 6351:10.1353/llt.2017.0047 6333:Thorn, Brian (2017). 3153: 2965: 2894: 2855:, to replace the old 2804: 2576: 2462: 2430: 2387:International Brigade 2372: 2350: 2282:Workers' Unity League 2232: 2217:was elected as party 2145:Queen's Park, Toronto 2139: 2121:Canadian Labour Party 1834:Democratic centralism 1669:Socialist Alternative 994:Revolutionary Faction 7822:Paddy Roe McLaughlin 7672:Christopher Caudwell 7667:Edward A. Carter Jr. 7611:Washington Battalion 7521:Robert Hale Merriman 6675:"Party Constitution" 4284:Member of Parliament 3573:(4.17% of pop. vote) 3534:(0.05% of pop. vote) 3456:(4.80% of pop. vote) 3417:(3.52% of pop. vote) 3378:(4.26% of pop. vote) 3286:Carnation Revolution 3237:Allied organizations 2939:Canada Elections Act 2914:, introduced by the 2911:Canada Elections Act 2496:Parliament of Canada 1990:. Then party leader 1979:Canada Elections Act 1951:Manitoba legislature 1879:Communism portal 1674:Victorian Socialists 984:Malaya and Singapore 19:For other uses, see 8031:Yugoslav volunteers 7963:Republican Congress 7943:Communist Party USA 7516:(Aug 1937–Mar 1938) 7416:parliamentary group 6460:. January 14, 1946. 6417:. February 2, 1946. 6408:. December 6, 1928. 6339:Labour / Le Travail 6023:, pp. 175–176. 5927:, pp. 269–270. 3322: 3292:Provincial sections 3116:(UFP) which became 2645:Alexander A. Parent 2472:with Nazi Germany. 2117:industrial unionism 2013:Origins (1921–1928) 1947:Ontario legislature 157:290 Danforth Avenue 8087:Comintern sections 8041:Yugoslav Partisans 7917:Robert G. Thompson 7647:James Walker Benét 7591:Dimitrov Battalion 7432:Politics of Canada 7284:historical parties 7228:Christian Heritage 6545:on October 4, 2005 6458:The Globe and Mail 6424:The Globe and Mail 6415:Toronto Daily Star 6406:Toronto Daily Star 6377:– via JSTOR. 6131:Buck, Tim (1952). 5425:front organization 4265:Central convention 3320: 3215:B.C. Worker's News 2968: 2906: 2829:and former leader 2807: 2717:Blairmore, Alberta 2582: 2580:re-election poster 2465: 2457: 2453:Stanley B. Ryerson 2375: 2356: 2290:Maple Leaf Gardens 2239:stock market crash 2235: 2149: 2068:Russian Revolution 1982:introduced by the 1711:Communist Alliance 1664:Socialist Alliance 582:Dominican Republic 313:Politics of Canada 8059: 8058: 8026:Jewish volunteers 7936:Political parties 7857:Michael O'Riordan 7587: 7575:Lincoln Battalion 7570:British Battalion 7546: 7531: 7525: 7517: 7511: 7505: 7497: 7440: 7439: 7337:Labor-Progressive 7303:Canadian Alliance 7218:Animal Protection 7066: 7065: 6870: 6869: 5776:, pp. 36–37. 5726:Goldsborough 2020 5653:, pp. 39–41. 5529: 5528: 5496: 5495: 5378:Progressive Unity 5348:Progressive Unity 5325: 5324: 4262: 4261: 4027: 4026: 3598:General Secretary 3578: 3577: 3448:Frank Komarniski 3229:(1942–1945), and 3223:Vancouver Clarion 3219:People's Advocate 3091:to work with the 2995:Miguel Figueroa. 2747:Nikita Khrushchev 2731:information. The 2691:on behalf of the 2504:Progressive Unity 2443:, Évariste Dubé, 2385:as a part of the 2383:Spanish Civil War 2364:On-to-Ottawa Trek 2353:On-to-Ottawa Trek 2313:against fascism. 2219:general secretary 2173:Florence Custance 2106:Russian Red Cross 2084:communist parties 2032:Florence Custance 1915: 1914: 1839:General Secretary 1824:Criticism of rule 1809:Central committee 346:Communist parties 331: 330: 318:Political parties 139:May 28, 1921 88: 87: 80: 8129: 8036:Irish volunteers 7832:Conlon Nancarrow 7717:Charles Donnelly 7642:Edward K. Barsky 7577: 7557: 7544: 7543: 7529: 7523: 7515: 7509: 7503: 7495: 7479: 7467: 7460: 7453: 7444: 7443: 7293:Anti-Confederate 7258:Marxist–Leninist 7211:Other registered 7108:House of Commons 7093: 7086: 7079: 7070: 7069: 7060: 7054: 7053: 7007:Related articles 6798:British Columbia 6760: 6759: 6749: 6740: 6733: 6726: 6717: 6716: 6703: 6702: 6700:Official website 6686: 6684: 6682: 6670: 6668: 6666: 6650: 6648: 6646: 6619: 6617: 6615: 6599: 6597: 6595: 6579: 6577: 6575: 6570:on March 4, 2016 6566:. Archived from 6554: 6552: 6550: 6541:. Archived from 6524: 6522: 6520: 6514:The Toronto Star 6504: 6502: 6500: 6481: 6479: 6477: 6461: 6452: 6450: 6448: 6439:. Archived from 6427: 6418: 6409: 6400: 6378: 6329: 6311: 6301: 6292: 6234: 6209: 6200: 6179: 6177: 6165: 6146: 6127: 6102: 6096: 6090: 6084: 6078: 6072: 6066: 6060: 6051: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6024: 6018: 6012: 6006: 6000: 5994: 5988: 5982: 5976: 5970: 5964: 5958: 5952: 5946: 5940: 5934: 5928: 5922: 5916: 5910: 5901: 5895: 5889: 5883: 5877: 5871: 5865: 5859: 5853: 5847: 5841: 5835: 5829: 5823: 5817: 5816:, p. 76-77. 5811: 5805: 5799: 5793: 5783: 5777: 5771: 5765: 5759: 5753: 5747: 5741: 5735: 5729: 5723: 5717: 5711: 5702: 5696: 5690: 5684: 5678: 5675:Easterbrook 1995 5672: 5666: 5660: 5654: 5648: 5627: 5624: 5618: 5615: 5576: 5574:Communism portal 5571: 5570: 5569: 5562: 5557: 5556: 5548: 5543: 5542: 5541: 5511: 5510: 5503: 5478: 5477: 5470: 5459: 5455: 5446: 5438: 5432: 5420:War Measures Act 5409: 5394: 5391: 5385: 5370: 5364: 5361: 5355: 5340: 5320: 5319: 5312: 5311: 5298: 5284: 5283: 5276: 5275: 5262: 5255:Elizabeth Rowley 5243: 5242: 5235: 5234: 5221: 5207: 5206: 5199: 5198: 5185: 5171: 5170: 5163: 5162: 5149: 5135: 5134: 5127: 5126: 5113: 5099: 5098: 5091: 5090: 5077: 5063: 5062: 5055: 5054: 5041: 4994: 4993: 4986: 4985: 4972: 4953: 4952: 4945: 4944: 4931: 4917: 4916: 4909: 4908: 4895: 4881: 4880: 4873: 4872: 4859: 4845: 4844: 4837: 4836: 4823: 4804: 4788: 4787: 4780: 4779: 4766: 4752: 4751: 4744: 4743: 4730: 4711: 4710: 4703: 4702: 4689: 4675: 4674: 4667: 4666: 4653: 4627: 4626: 4619: 4618: 4605: 4589: 4588: 4581: 4580: 4567: 4551: 4550: 4543: 4542: 4529: 4513: 4512: 4505: 4504: 4491: 4475: 4474: 4465: 4464: 4447: 4415: 4414: 4407: 4406: 4393: 4379: 4378: 4371: 4370: 4357: 4331: 4292: 4291: 4278:Election results 4258: 4248: 4246: 4245: 4235: 4233: 4232: 4225: 4211: 4197: 4195: 4194: 4184: 4182: 4181: 4174: 4160: 4146: 4144: 4143: 4136: 4132: 4130: 4129: 4121: 4107: 4097: 4095: 4094: 4084: 4082: 4081: 4074: 4060: 4047: 4037: 4036: 4023: 4013: 4011: 4010: 4002:British Columbia 4000: 3998: 3997: 3990: 3985:Elizabeth Rowley 3976: 3966: 3964: 3963: 3953: 3951: 3950: 3943: 3929: 3921:British Columbia 3919: 3917: 3916: 3909: 3895: 3885: 3883: 3882: 3872: 3870: 3869: 3862: 3848: 3838: 3836: 3835: 3825: 3823: 3822: 3815: 3801: 3791: 3789: 3788: 3778: 3776: 3775: 3768: 3754: 3744: 3742: 3741: 3731: 3729: 3728: 3721: 3707: 3697: 3695: 3694: 3684: 3682: 3681: 3674: 3669:William Moriarty 3660: 3650: 3648: 3647: 3640: 3626: 3613: 3603: 3602: 3582: 3574: 3562: 3547: 3545: 3544: 3535: 3523: 3508: 3506: 3505: 3496: 3484: 3469: 3467: 3466: 3457: 3445: 3430: 3428: 3427: 3418: 3406: 3393:British Columbia 3391: 3389: 3388: 3379: 3365: 3350: 3348: 3347: 3323: 3319: 3303:British Columbia 3227:Pacific Advocate 3200:Canadian Tribune 3161: 3136: 3135: 3129:Élections Québec 3125:Québec solidaire 3118:Québec solidaire 3098:Québec solidaire 3077:Quiet Revolution 3066: 3027:Madeleine Parent 2954: 2873:Canadian Tribune 2869:Canadian Tribune 2857:Canadian Tribune 2827:Elizabeth Rowley 2697:fellow traveller 2675:Board of Control 2484:War Measures Act 2381:to fight in the 2351:Strikers of the 2205:William Moriarty 2201:Right Opposition 2193:Nikolai Bukharin 2125:William Kolisnyk 2091:War Measures Act 1974:Elections Canada 1943:House of Commons 1907: 1900: 1893: 1877: 1876: 1875: 1844:Marxism–Leninism 1169: 1160: 989:Marxist–Leninist 333: 332: 304: 299: 296: 282: 275:House of Commons 268: 252: 210:Marxism–Leninism 149: 147: 142: 130:Elizabeth Rowley 109: 90: 89: 83: 76: 72: 69: 63: 58:this article by 49:inline citations 36: 35: 28: 8137: 8136: 8132: 8131: 8130: 8128: 8127: 8126: 8062: 8061: 8060: 8055: 7999:Yankee Squadron 7977: 7931: 7922:Tom Wintringham 7907:Stephen Spender 7902:George Sossenko 7802:Maurice Levitas 7772:Robert Hilliard 7767:William Herrick 7697:Jock Cunningham 7662:Herman Bottcher 7615: 7584:Connolly Column 7558: 7549: 7537: 7528:Vladimir Ćopić 7514:Vladimir Ćopić 7481: 7477:Abraham Lincoln 7474: 7471: 7441: 7436: 7405: 7285: 7283: 7277: 7206: 7154: 7102: 7097: 7067: 7062: 7056: 7044: 7002: 6926: 6866: 6833: 6817: 6781: 6775:notable members 6751: 6747: 6744: 6698: 6697: 6694: 6689: 6680: 6678: 6664: 6662: 6644: 6642: 6627: 6622: 6613: 6611: 6593: 6591: 6573: 6571: 6548: 6546: 6532: 6527: 6518: 6516: 6498: 6496: 6475: 6473: 6446: 6444: 6443:on May 28, 2021 6386: 6381: 6309: 6265:10.2307/1953329 6242: 6237: 6231: 6197: 6175: 6162: 6143: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6099:Avakumovic 1975 6097: 6093: 6085: 6081: 6073: 6069: 6061: 6054: 6048:Avakumovic 1975 6046: 6042: 6036:Avakumovic 1975 6034: 6027: 6021:Avakumovic 1975 6019: 6015: 6007: 6003: 5995: 5991: 5983: 5979: 5971: 5967: 5959: 5955: 5947: 5943: 5935: 5931: 5923: 5919: 5911: 5904: 5896: 5892: 5884: 5880: 5872: 5868: 5860: 5856: 5848: 5844: 5836: 5832: 5824: 5820: 5812: 5808: 5800: 5796: 5784: 5780: 5772: 5768: 5760: 5756: 5748: 5744: 5736: 5732: 5724: 5720: 5712: 5705: 5697: 5693: 5685: 5681: 5673: 5669: 5661: 5657: 5649: 5645: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5630: 5625: 5621: 5616: 5612: 5607: 5572: 5567: 5565: 5560:Politics portal 5558: 5551: 5544: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5525: 5512: 5508: 5492: 5479: 5475: 5463: 5462: 5456: 5449: 5440:In 1972, a new 5439: 5435: 5410: 5397: 5392: 5388: 5371: 5367: 5362: 5358: 5341: 5337: 5299: 5296: 5263: 5260: 5222: 5219: 5186: 5183: 5150: 5147: 5114: 5111: 5078: 5075: 5042: 5039: 5008:Miguel Figueroa 4973: 4970: 4932: 4929: 4896: 4893: 4860: 4857: 4824: 4821: 4805: 4802: 4767: 4764: 4731: 4728: 4723:William Kashtan 4690: 4687: 4654: 4651: 4606: 4603: 4568: 4565: 4530: 4527: 4492: 4489: 4448: 4445: 4394: 4391: 4358: 4355: 4332: 4329: 4280: 4267: 4256: 4255: 4243: 4241: 4230: 4228: 4223: 4222: 4205: 4204: 4192: 4190: 4179: 4177: 4172: 4171: 4154: 4153: 4141: 4139: 4127: 4125: 4119: 4118: 4116:Maurice Spector 4105: 4104: 4092: 4090: 4079: 4077: 4072: 4071: 4058: 4057: 4045: 4044: 4032: 4021: 4020: 4008: 4006: 3995: 3993: 3988: 3987: 3974: 3973: 3961: 3959: 3948: 3946: 3941: 3940: 3938:Miguel Figueroa 3927: 3926: 3914: 3912: 3907: 3906: 3893: 3892: 3880: 3878: 3867: 3865: 3860: 3859: 3857:William Kashtan 3846: 3845: 3833: 3831: 3820: 3818: 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1873: 1871: 1864: 1863: 1804: 1796: 1795: 1766: 1758: 1757: 1646: 1638: 1637: 1520:United Kingdom 1239:Munkáspárt 2006 1033: 1025: 1024: 722: 714: 713: 480: 472: 471: 355: 327: 295:communist-party 293: 283: 280: 269: 266: 250: 238: 214: 166: 158: 145: 143: 140: 118: 100: 99: 96: 84: 73: 67: 64: 54:Please help to 53: 37: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8135: 8125: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8109: 8104: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8074: 8057: 8056: 8054: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8011: 8006: 8001: 7996: 7991: 7985: 7983: 7979: 7978: 7976: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7939: 7937: 7933: 7932: 7930: 7929: 7924: 7919: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7897:Alfred Sherman 7894: 7889: 7887:Esmond Romilly 7884: 7879: 7874: 7869: 7864: 7859: 7854: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7814: 7809: 7804: 7799: 7794: 7789: 7787:Robert Klonsky 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7739: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7719: 7714: 7709: 7704: 7699: 7694: 7689: 7684: 7679: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7659: 7654: 7649: 7644: 7639: 7637:Bill Alexander 7634: 7629: 7623: 7621: 7617: 7616: 7614: 7613: 7608: 7603: 7598: 7593: 7588: 7572: 7566: 7564: 7560: 7559: 7552: 7550: 7548: 7547: 7545:(May–Sep 1938) 7532: 7530:(Apr–May 1938) 7526: 7524:(Mar–Apr 1938) 7518: 7512: 7510:(Jul–Aug 1937) 7506: 7504:(Feb–Jul 1937) 7501:Vladimir Ćopić 7498: 7496:(Jan–Feb 1937) 7489: 7487: 7483: 7482: 7470: 7469: 7462: 7455: 7447: 7438: 7437: 7435: 7434: 7429: 7424: 7410: 7407: 7406: 7404: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7383: 7376: 7371: 7369:Reconstruction 7366: 7361: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7322: 7315: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7298:Bloc populaire 7295: 7289: 7287: 7279: 7278: 7276: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7214: 7212: 7208: 7207: 7205: 7204: 7201: 7195: 7187: 7184:Non-affiliated 7181: 7173: 7164: 7162: 7156: 7155: 7153: 7152: 7149: 7143: 7137: 7134:New Democratic 7131: 7128:Bloc Québécois 7125: 7119: 7112: 7110: 7104: 7103: 7096: 7095: 7088: 7081: 7073: 7064: 7063: 7049: 7046: 7045: 7043: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7025: 7018: 7015:People's Voice 7010: 7008: 7004: 7003: 7001: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6934: 6932: 6928: 6927: 6925: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6878: 6876: 6872: 6871: 6868: 6867: 6865: 6864: 6863: 6862: 6857: 6847: 6841: 6839: 6835: 6834: 6832: 6831: 6825: 6823: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6789: 6787: 6783: 6782: 6780: 6779: 6778: 6777: 6766: 6764: 6757: 6753: 6752: 6743: 6742: 6735: 6728: 6720: 6714: 6713: 6704: 6693: 6692:External links 6690: 6688: 6687: 6671: 6651: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6620: 6600: 6580: 6555: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6525: 6505: 6482: 6462: 6453: 6437:People's Voice 6428: 6419: 6410: 6401: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6379: 6330: 6302: 6293: 6259:(1): 110–123. 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6235: 6229: 6210: 6201: 6195: 6180: 6166: 6160: 6147: 6141: 6128: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6103: 6101:, p. 221. 6091: 6079: 6077:, p. 185. 6067: 6052: 6050:, p. 248. 6040: 6038:, p. 256. 6025: 6013: 6001: 5989: 5977: 5965: 5953: 5941: 5929: 5917: 5915:, p. 122. 5902: 5890: 5878: 5866: 5864:, p. 196. 5854: 5842: 5840:, p. 114. 5830: 5818: 5806: 5794: 5778: 5766: 5754: 5752:, p. 159. 5742: 5740:, p. 150. 5730: 5718: 5703: 5691: 5679: 5667: 5655: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5629: 5628: 5619: 5609: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5602: 5601: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5578: 5577: 5563: 5549: 5533: 5530: 5527: 5526: 5515: 5513: 5506: 5501: 5500: 5494: 5493: 5482: 5480: 5473: 5468: 5467: 5461: 5460: 5447: 5433: 5395: 5386: 5374:Dorise Nielsen 5365: 5356: 5344:Dorise Nielsen 5334: 5333: 5332: 5331: 5329: 5323: 5322: 5314: 5306: 5303: 5300: 5295: 5293: 5287: 5286: 5278: 5270: 5267: 5264: 5259: 5257: 5252: 5246: 5245: 5237: 5229: 5226: 5223: 5218: 5216: 5210: 5209: 5201: 5193: 5190: 5187: 5182: 5180: 5174: 5173: 5165: 5157: 5154: 5151: 5146: 5144: 5138: 5137: 5129: 5121: 5118: 5115: 5110: 5108: 5102: 5101: 5093: 5085: 5082: 5079: 5074: 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ago) 3400: 3395: 3381: 3380: 3371: 3366: 3364:(94 years ago) 3359: 3354: 3340: 3339: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3293: 3290: 3238: 3235: 3191:People's Voice 3185: 3182: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3085:October Crisis 3083:and later the 3069:multi-national 3035:Norman Bethune 3007:Main article: 3004: 3001: 2920:Brian Mulroney 2918:government of 2888: 2885: 2852:People's Voice 2815:George Hewison 2798: 2795: 2791:James P. Brady 2721: 2720: 2714: 2711: 2700: 2678: 2656: 2649:Liberal-Labour 2642: 2624: 2610: 2597: 2590:Dorise Nielsen 2567:Main article: 2564: 2561: 2559: 2556: 2492:Dorise Nielsen 2424: 2421: 2391:Norman Bethune 2259:crop insurance 2226: 2223: 2209:J. B. Salsberg 2165:Jack MacDonald 2141:Jack MacDonald 2133: 2130: 2064:Labour parties 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 1988:Brian Mulroney 1986:government of 1961:, labour, and 1913: 1912: 1910: 1909: 1902: 1895: 1887: 1884: 1883: 1882: 1881: 1866: 1865: 1862: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1811: 1805: 1803:Related topics 1802: 1801: 1798: 1797: 1794: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1767: 1764: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1756: 1755: 1754: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1735: 1734: 1733: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1713: 1702:Former parties 1699: 1698: 1697: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1678: 1677: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1640: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1623:United Kingdom 1620: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1583:Czechoslovakia 1580: 1572:Former parties 1569: 1568: 1567: 1566: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1518: 1517: 1516: 1511: 1503: 1502: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1426: 1418: 1417: 1416: 1411: 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679: 674: 668:United States 666: 661: 660: 659: 654: 644: 639: 638: 637: 632: 624: 623: 622: 617: 612: 607: 599: 598: 597: 592: 584: 579: 574: 573: 572: 567: 559: 558: 557: 552: 544: 543: 542: 537: 527: 526: 525: 520: 515: 507: 502: 501: 500: 495: 490: 481: 478: 477: 474: 473: 470: 469: 464: 459: 454: 449: 448: 447: 442: 434: 429: 422: 417: 412: 407: 402: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 362: 356: 353: 352: 349: 348: 342: 341: 329: 328: 326: 325: 320: 315: 309: 306: 305: 290: 289: 285: 284: 279: 277: 271: 270: 265: 263: 257: 256: 248: 244: 243: 232: 228: 227: 222: 216: 215: 213: 212: 207: 201: 199: 193: 192: 187: 181: 180: 177:People's Voice 173: 169: 168: 155: 151: 150: 137: 133: 132: 127: 121: 120: 115: 111: 110: 102: 101: 97: 94: 93: 86: 85: 40: 38: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8134: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8069: 8067: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8032: 8029: 8027: 8024: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8016: 8012: 8010: 8009:Jarama Valley 8007: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7997: 7995: 7992: 7990: 7987: 7986: 7984: 7980: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7940: 7938: 7934: 7928: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7912:Wally Tapsell 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7895: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7883: 7880: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7863: 7862:Thomas Patten 7860: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7852:John O'Reilly 7850: 7848: 7847:Paddy O'Daire 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7837:George Nathan 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7813: 7812:Matti Mattson 7810: 7808: 7805: 7803: 7800: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7732:Frank Edwards 7730: 7728: 7727:Petar Drapšin 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7707:Peko Dapčević 7705: 7703: 7700: 7698: 7695: 7693: 7692:John Cornford 7690: 7688: 7685: 7683: 7680: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7630: 7628: 7627:William Aalto 7625: 7624: 7622: 7618: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7592: 7589: 7585: 7581: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7567: 7565: 7561: 7556: 7541: 7536: 7533: 7527: 7522: 7519: 7513: 7508:Klaus Becker 7507: 7502: 7499: 7494: 7491: 7490: 7488: 7484: 7480: 7478: 7468: 7463: 7461: 7456: 7454: 7449: 7448: 7445: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7422:Portal:Canada 7420: 7419: 7417: 7413: 7408: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7386:Social Credit 7384: 7382: 7381: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7359: 7358:Québec debout 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7342:New Democracy 7340: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7327: 7323: 7321: 7320: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7290: 7288: 7280: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 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Salsberg 2760: 2756: 2755:Joseph Stalin 2752: 2751:Secret Speech 2748: 2744: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2725:Igor Gouzenko 2718: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2672: 2671:Stewart Smith 2668: 2664: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2619:were popular 2618: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2591: 2588: 2587: 2586: 2579: 2575: 2570: 2555: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2536: 2534: 2530: 2529:1943 election 2526: 2522: 2518: 2516: 2512: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2500:1940 election 2497: 2493: 2489: 2486: 2485: 2480: 2479: 2473: 2471: 2461: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2429: 2420: 2418: 2413: 2409: 2407: 2402: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2371: 2367: 2365: 2361: 2354: 2349: 2345: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2322: 2320: 2314: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2299: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2287: 2286:R. B. Bennett 2283: 2279: 2278:Criminal Code 2275: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2260: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2245: 2240: 2231: 2222: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2197:Jay Lovestone 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2129: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2113: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2098: 2096: 2092: 2087: 2086:at the time. 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2044:One Big Union 2041: 2035: 2033: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2005: 2003: 2002: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1980: 1975: 1970: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1908: 1903: 1901: 1896: 1894: 1889: 1888: 1886: 1885: 1880: 1870: 1869: 1868: 1867: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1806: 1800: 1799: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1768: 1762: 1761: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1738: 1736: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1708: 1706: 1705: 1704: 1703: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1681: 1679: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1651: 1649: 1648: 1642: 1641: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1575: 1574: 1573: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1436: 1434: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1316: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1261: 1259: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1229: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1209: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1191: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1168: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1154: 1153: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1123: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1048: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1029: 1028: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1015: 1011: 1009: 1008: 1004: 1002: 999: 995: 992: 990: 987: 986: 985: 982: 980: 977: 975: 972: 968: 965: 963: 960: 959: 957: 956: 955: 954: 948: 945: 943: 940: 936: 935:SCP (Unified) 933: 931: 930:SCP (Bakdash) 928: 927: 925: 921: 918: 916: 913: 911: 908: 907: 905: 901: 898: 896: 893: 892: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 871: 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 853: 852: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 793: 792: 790: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 762: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 741: 738: 736: 733: 732: 730: 728: 725: 724: 718: 717: 708: 705: 703: 700: 699: 697: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 673: 670: 669: 667: 665: 662: 658: 655: 653: 650: 649: 648: 645: 643: 640: 636: 633: 631: 628: 627: 625: 621: 618: 616: 613: 611: 608: 606: 603: 602: 600: 596: 593: 591: 588: 587: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 571: 570:PC de C (M–L) 568: 566: 563: 562: 560: 556: 553: 551: 548: 547: 545: 541: 538: 536: 533: 532: 531: 528: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 510: 508: 506: 503: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 485: 483: 482: 476: 475: 468: 465: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 446: 443: 441: 438: 437: 436:South Africa 435: 433: 430: 428: 427: 423: 421: 418: 416: 413: 411: 408: 406: 403: 401: 398: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 376: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 357: 351: 350: 347: 344: 343: 339: 335: 334: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 310: 307: 303: 298: 291: 286: 278: 276: 272: 264: 262: 258: 255: 249: 245: 241: 236: 233: 229: 226: 223: 221: 217: 211: 208: 206: 203: 202: 200: 198: 194: 191: 188: 186: 182: 179: 178: 174: 170: 165: 161: 156: 152: 138: 134: 131: 128: 126: 122: 117:CPC (English) 116: 112: 108: 103: 91: 82: 79: 71: 61: 57: 51: 50: 44: 39: 30: 29: 26: 22: 8046:Atomic spies 8013: 7952: 7927:Milton Wolff 7882:Patrick Read 7872:Koča Popović 7867:Will Paynter 7842:Steve Nelson 7762:Jason Gurney 7737:Leo Eloesser 7687:Fred Copeman 7682:Morris Cohen 7652:Alvah Bessie 7632:Bernard Ades 7601:24 Battalion 7493:János Gálicz 7476: 7411: 7378: 7356: 7326:Ginger Group 7324: 7317: 7308:Conservative 7232: 7198:Conservative 7189: 7175: 7167: 7122:Conservative 7057: 7027: 7020: 7014: 6845:Saskatchewan 6769: 6746: 6679:. 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MacLeod 2519: 2508: 2490: 2482: 2476: 2474: 2466: 2414: 2410: 2403: 2376: 2357: 2323: 2315: 2311:united front 2300: 2293: 2276:of Canada's 2263: 2255: 2251:Conservative 2248:R.B. Bennett 2236: 2213: 2178: 2171:(1926–1929) 2169:Woman Worker 2168: 2160: 2153:Leon Trotsky 2150: 2128:afterwards. 2114: 2099: 2094: 2088: 2054:, and other 2036: 2027:Soviet Union 2016: 1999: 1984:Conservative 1977: 1971: 1955: 1918: 1916: 1737:New Zealand 1701: 1700: 1680:New Zealand 1628:West Germany 1613:Soviet Union 1588:East Germany 1571: 1570: 1420:Switzerland 1012: 1005: 1001:Saudi Arabia 952: 951: 891:Philippines 534: 424: 375:Burkina Faso 237:(since 1998) 176: 154:Headquarters 119:PCC (French) 114:Abbreviation 74: 65: 46: 25: 7817:Alex McDade 7782:Salaria Kea 7757:David Guest 7747:Hugh Garner 7742:Moe Fishman 7677:Lewis Clive 7657:Delmer Berg 7538: [ 7414:indicate a 7248:Libertarian 7146:Independent 7035:Padlock Law 7022:Rebel Youth 6756:Party wings 6614:October 15, 6574:October 15, 6530:Communiqués 6519:December 5, 6397:The Orchard 6345:: 185–211. 5862:Khouri 2007 5850:Khouri 2007 5838:Khouri 2007 5826:Khouri 2007 5814:Khouri 2007 5802:Khouri 2007 5687:Pender 2021 5663:Finkel 2014 5598:Rebel Youth 5518:Phabricator 5485:Phabricator 4224:(1891–1973) 4173:(1912–1997) 4120:(1898–1968) 4073:(1888–1941) 4050:Birthplace 3861:(1909–1993) 3814:(1904–1964) 3767:(1891–1973) 3720:(1888–1941) 3673:(1890–1936) 3639:(1885–1972) 3616:Birthplace 3204:The Tribune 3043:Padlock Law 2972:trade union 2935:Green Party 2704:Long Branch 2653:Essex North 2538:During the 2527:during the 2397:during the 2072:World War I 1959:trade union 1859:Vanguardism 1854:Secretariat 1598:Netherlands 1301:Netherlands 877:North Korea 731:Bangladesh 452:South Sudan 390:Ivory Coast 242:(1921–1943) 60:introducing 8066:Categories 7892:Frank Ryan 7797:Laurie Lee 7792:Oliver Law 7777:Jack Jones 7752:John Gates 7702:Peter Daly 7563:Battalions 7486:Commanders 7286:and groups 7273:Rhinoceros 7203:Vacant (5) 7151:Vacant (2) 6838:Historical 6822:Affiliates 6786:Provincial 6549:October 3, 6476:January 2, 6161:0275977331 6142:0919396275 6075:Thorn 2017 5973:Appel 2022 5738:Busky 2002 5699:McKee 2021 5634:References 5427:named the 4301:Candidates 4257:(11 years) 4059:(duration) 4053:Residence 3975:(23 years) 3894:(23 years) 3800:(33 years) 3659:(7 months) 3635:Tom Burpee 3625:(duration) 3619:Residence 3587:Leadership 3196:The Worker 3149:Membership 3031:Léa Roback 2729:top secret 2552:A.E. Smith 2340:, and the 2274:Section 98 2270:Tom McEwen 2203:, such as 2181:Trotskyist 2161:The Worker 2095:The Worker 1786:INITIATIVE 1707:Australia 1650:Australia 1633:Yugoslavia 1361:San Marino 1286:Luxembourg 1234:Munkáspárt 1224:Anasintaxi 1063:Azerbaijan 942:Tajikistan 906:Sri Lanka 837:Kyrgyzstan 832:Kazakhstan 698:Venezuela 484:Argentina 410:Madagascar 185:Youth wing 146:1921-05-28 68:April 2022 43:references 8051:Smith Act 7827:Kosta Nađ 7807:Yank Levy 7722:Bob Doyle 7253:Marijuana 7233:Communist 6892:MacDonald 6594:April 13, 6375:149016684 6359:0700-3862 6326:1186-6195 6289:154843326 6273:0003-0554 6087:Yang 2019 5937:Rail 2010 5790:pp. 76–81 5786:Buck 1952 5639:Citations 4528:100 / 265 4304:Seats won 4287:Fred Rose 4254:1962–1973 4203:1943–19?? 4152:19??–1928 4106:(2 years) 4103:1921–1923 4022:(5 years) 3989:(b. 1949) 3972:1992–2015 3942:(b. 1952) 3928:(4 years) 3925:1988–1992 3908:(b. 1944) 3891:1965–1988 3847:(2 years) 3844:1962–1964 3797:1929–1962 3753:(6 years) 3750:1923–1929 3706:(2 years) 3703:1921–1923 3656:1921–1921 3326:Province 3075:With the 3039:Duplessis 3023:Fred Rose 2877:New Times 2741:Fred Rose 2723:In 1945, 2685:Vancouver 2578:Fred Rose 2533:Fred Rose 2433:Fred Rose 2080:Comintern 2056:socialist 1972:In 1993, 1849:Politburo 1814:Communism 1781:Cominform 1776:Comintern 1394:PCE (M–L) 1354:RCWP-CPSU 1315:Portugal 1281:Lithuania 1092:Bulgaria 974:Indonesia 958:Cambodia 887:Palestine 855:CPN (UML) 775:CPI-ML(L) 657:PCdelP–PR 561:Colombia 323:Elections 240:Comintern 205:Communism 172:Newspaper 7396:Unionist 7282:Notable 7268:People's 7263:Maverick 7223:Centrist 7058:Category 6917:Figueroa 6887:Moriarty 6803:Manitoba 6625:Websites 6367:44820585 5532:See also 5297:26 / 338 5261:30 / 338 5220:26 / 338 5184:20 / 308 5148:24 / 308 5112:21 / 308 5076:35 / 308 5040:52 / 301 4971:51 / 295 4930:52 / 282 4894:52 / 282 4858:71 / 282 4822:69 / 264 4803:31 / 264 4765:14 / 264 4729:12 / 265 4688:12 / 265 4652:12 / 265 4604:18 / 265 4566:10 / 265 4490:17 / 262 4446:68 / 245 4440:Tim Buck 4426:in 1943. 4356:13 / 245 4324:Tim Buck 4295:Election 4220:Tim Buck 4199:Manitoba 4086:Scotland 4030:Chairmen 3763:Tim Buck 3733:Scotland 3432:Manitoba 3332:Founded 3307:Manitoba 2757:and the 2749:'s 1956 2663:Sam Carr 2651:MPP for 2635:Manitoba 2621:aldermen 2608:Winnipeg 2449:Sam Carr 2437:Tim Buck 2272:, under 2215:Tim Buck 1539:CPGB-PCC 1505:Ukraine 1371:Slovakia 1245:Ireland 1230:Hungary 1190:Germany 1122:Denmark 1072:Belgium 1047:Austria 1020:Thailand 900:PKP-1930 882:Pakistan 865:CPN (US) 860:CPN (MC) 780:CPI(Mst) 642:Paraguay 586:Ecuador 479:Americas 385:Eswatini 370:Botswana 338:a series 336:Part of 225:Far-left 197:Ideology 7982:Related 7578:(incl. 7412:Italics 7116:Liberal 7040:PROFUNC 6912:Hewison 6907:Kashtan 6875:Leaders 6855:Ontario 6808:Ontario 6793:Alberta 6763:Federal 6681:July 1, 6499:May 22, 6447:May 28, 6281:1953329 6108:Sources 5592:PROFUNC 5520:and on 5487:and on 5417:of the 5013:Unknown 4457:111,892 4408:0.36% 4392:9 / 245 4330:6 / 245 4271:Toronto 4250:Ontario 4237:England 4208:Unknown 4157:Unknown 4148:Ontario 4099:Ontario 4015:Ontario 3968:Ontario 3887:Ontario 3840:Ontario 3827:England 3793:Ontario 3780:England 3746:Ontario 3699:Ontario 3686:England 3652:Ontario 3471:Ontario 3352:Alberta 3335:Leader 3311:Ontario 3299:Alberta 3047:Cartier 2865:Toronto 2708:Toronto 2683:sat on 2667:Toronto 2641:(MLAs). 2498:in the 2481:of the 2307:Estevan 2195:and of 2147:, 1929. 2060:Marxist 2023:Ontario 2008:History 1929:) is a 1818:history 1659:CPA(ML) 1645:Oceania 1608:Romania 1578:Albania 1564:RCPB-ML 1534:CPGB-ML 1435:Turkey 1405:Sweden 1335:Russia 1331:Romania 1296:Moldova 1210:Greece 1186:Georgia 1152:France 1148:Finland 1143:Estonia 1108:Croatia 1068:Belarus 1043:Armenia 1038:Albania 1007:Sarawak 947:Vietnam 847:Lebanon 785:SUCI(C) 727:Bahrain 664:Uruguay 635:PC(ml)P 626:Panama 601:Mexico 509:Brazil 505:Bolivia 467:Tunisia 432:Senegal 426:Réunion 420:Morocco 415:Namibia 400:Lesotho 360:Algeria 288:Website 281:0 / 338 267:0 / 105 247:Colours 167:M4K 1N6 164:Ontario 160:Toronto 144: ( 136:Founded 56:improve 7620:People 7582:& 7374:Reform 7332:Labour 7243:Future 7160:Senate 6922:Rowley 6902:Morris 6882:Burpee 6860:Quebec 6813:Quebec 6373: 6365: 6357: 6324: 6287: 6279: 6271: 6227: 6193: 6158: 6139: 5313:0.03% 5277:0.02% 5236:0.02% 5200:0.02% 5164:0.03% 5128:0.02% 5092:0.03% 5056:0.07% 4987:0.05% 4946:0.06% 4910:0.06% 4874:0.08% 4838:0.13% 4830:12,100 4781:0.05% 4745:0.06% 4704:0.05% 4668:0.08% 4620:0.13% 4582:0.12% 4544:1.06% 4536:59,622 4506:0.56% 4498:32,623 4400:14,005 4372:0.46% 4364:27,456 4341:0.12% 4298:Leader 4247: 4234: 4196: 4183: 4145: 4134:Russia 4131: 4096: 4083: 4043:Leader 4012: 3999: 3965: 3955:Quebec 3952: 3918: 3884: 3874:Quebec 3871: 3837: 3824: 3790: 3777: 3743: 3730: 3696: 3683: 3649: 3609:Leader 3581: 3546: 3510:Quebec 3507: 3468: 3429: 3390: 3349: 3315:Quebec 3313:, and 3202:, and 3143:Clarté 3029:, and 2957:Spark! 2881:Ginger 2531:while 2336:, the 2332:, the 2078:. The 2050:, the 2046:, the 2019:Guelph 1949:, the 1945:, the 1935:Canada 1923:French 1618:Turkey 1603:Poland 1529:CPB-ML 1499:TKP/ML 1489:TKEP/L 1439:DHKP/C 1375:Spain 1366:Serbia 1311:Poland 1306:Norway 1276:Latvia 1260:Italy 1113:Cyprus 1032:Europe 1014:Taiwan 926:Syria 851:Nepal 827:Jordan 817:Israel 805:Toufan 770:CPI(M) 761:India 747:Bhutan 687:RCPUSA 555:PC(AP) 546:Chile 540:CPC-ML 530:Canada 354:Africa 261:Senate 251: 125:Leader 45:, but 7542:] 7401:Unity 7140:Green 7124:(119) 7118:(153) 6371:S2CID 6363:JSTOR 6310:(PDF) 6285:S2CID 6277:JSTOR 6176:(PDF) 6113:Books 5605:Notes 5328:Notes 5321:12th 5305:4,700 5285:12th 5269:3,905 5244:12th 5228:4,382 5208:12th 5192:2,894 5172:10th 5156:3,639 5136:11th 5120:3,022 5100:11th 5084:4,564 5064:11th 5048:8,779 4995:11th 4979:7,066 4954:10th 4938:7,551 4902:6,022 4866:9,141 4773:4,465 4737:4,285 4696:4,234 4660:6,360 4612:9,769 4574:7,760 4467:2.13% 4416:10th 4344:10th 4338:4,557 4313:Rank 4307:Votes 2633:were 2594:Unity 2062:, or 1771:IMCWP 1593:Italy 1454:KDH/L 1291:Malta 979:Korea 822:Japan 800:Tudeh 791:Iran 757:China 752:Burma 707:PCMLV 672:CPUSA 620:PCMML 595:PCMLE 513:PCdoB 457:Sudan 405:Libya 395:Kenya 380:Egypt 365:Benin 235:IMCWP 7238:Free 7200:(12) 7194:(14) 7186:(15) 7180:(18) 7172:(41) 7136:(25) 7130:(33) 6998:2021 6993:2019 6988:2015 6983:2011 6978:2008 6973:2006 6968:2004 6963:2000 6958:1988 6953:1984 6948:1979 6943:1974 6938:1945 6897:Buck 6683:2022 6667:2020 6647:2019 6616:2016 6596:2023 6576:2016 6551:2017 6521:2021 6501:2022 6478:2021 6449:2021 6355:ISSN 6322:ISSN 6269:ISSN 6225:ISBN 6191:ISBN 6156:ISBN 6137:ISBN 5376:, a 5291:2021 5250:2019 5214:2015 5178:2011 5142:2008 5106:2006 5070:2004 5034:2000 5026:1997 5002:1993 4960:1988 4924:1984 4918:9th 4888:1980 4882:9th 4852:1979 4846:6th 4816:1974 4796:1972 4789:7th 4759:1968 4753:6th 4718:1965 4712:6th 4682:1963 4676:6th 4641:1962 4628:6th 4597:1958 4590:7th 4559:1957 4552:7th 4521:1953 4514:8th 4483:1949 4476:6th 4434:1945 4386:1940 4380:8th 4350:1935 4319:1930 4040:No. 3606:No. 3569:1938 3565:N/A 3558:1938 3530:1976 3519:1965 3491:1945 3480:1940 3452:1945 3441:1921 3413:1945 3402:1945 3374:1944 3361:1930 2706:, a 2637:LPP 2629:and 2615:and 2602:and 2237:The 1917:The 1741:CPNZ 1549:NCPB 1494:TKIP 1484:TKEP 1479:TDKP 1474:MLKP 1449:HTKP 1444:EMEP 1399:PCTE 1389:PCPE 1344:CPRF 1324:PCTP 1204:MLPD 1179:PCRF 1174:PRCF 1167:PCOF 962:KPRP 920:FLSP 910:CPSL 870:NWPP 842:Laos 812:Iraq 721:Asia 647:Peru 615:PPSM 577:Cuba 550:PCCh 498:PCRA 493:PCCE 462:Togo 445:SACP 7148:(4) 7142:(2) 6709:at 6347:doi 6261:doi 2687:'s 2199:'s 1998:in 1933:in 1791:ICS 1746:SUP 1726:RSP 1721:DSP 1716:CPA 1694:SPA 1689:OMU 1654:CPA 1559:RCP 1554:RCG 1544:CPS 1524:CPB 1514:SKU 1509:KPU 1469:MKP 1464:TKP 1459:KKP 1429:PdA 1414:SKP 1379:PCE 1349:PDP 1319:PCP 1269:PRC 1254:WPI 1249:CPI 1219:ΚΟΕ 1214:ΚΚΕ 1199:DKP 1194:KPD 1158:PCF 1136:APK 1126:DKP 1101:SKB 1096:KPB 1056:PdA 1051:KPÖ 967:CPK 915:JVP 895:CPP 795:CPI 765:CPI 740:WPB 735:CPB 702:PCV 692:PLP 682:PSL 677:WWP 652:PCP 630:PPP 610:PPS 590:PCE 565:PCC 535:CPC 523:PCR 518:PCB 488:PCA 440:EFF 297:.ca 254:Red 8068:: 7540:es 6658:. 6636:. 6607:. 6587:. 6562:. 6512:. 6489:. 6469:. 6435:. 6395:. 6369:. 6361:. 6353:. 6343:80 6341:. 6337:. 6316:. 6312:. 6283:. 6275:. 6267:. 6257:62 6255:. 6251:. 6223:. 6219:. 6055:^ 6028:^ 5905:^ 5788:, 5706:^ 5450:^ 5398:^ 4397:1 4216:4 4165:3 4112:2 4065:1 3981:9 3934:8 3900:7 3853:6 3806:5 3759:4 3712:3 3665:2 3631:1 3309:, 3305:, 3301:, 3288:. 3206:. 3198:, 3120:. 3104:. 3079:, 3025:, 3021:, 3017:, 2825:, 2661:, 2447:, 2435:, 2401:. 2344:. 2058:, 2042:, 2021:, 2004:. 1969:. 1925:: 1751:CL 1684:CL 1409:KP 1384:CC 1339:KR 1264:PC 1131:KP 1081:PC 1076:KP 605:PC 340:on 162:, 7586:) 7466:e 7459:t 7452:v 7092:e 7085:t 7078:v 6739:e 6732:t 6725:v 6685:. 6669:. 6649:. 6618:. 6598:. 6578:. 6553:. 6523:. 6503:. 6480:. 6451:. 6349:: 6328:. 6318:8 6291:. 6263:: 6233:. 6199:. 6178:. 6164:. 6145:. 6089:. 6065:. 6011:. 5999:. 5987:. 5975:. 5963:. 5951:. 5939:. 5792:. 5764:. 5728:. 5701:. 5689:. 5665:. 5524:. 5491:. 5384:. 5354:. 5302:0 5266:0 5225:0 5189:0 5153:0 5117:0 5081:0 5045:0 4976:0 4935:0 4899:0 4863:0 4827:0 4770:0 4734:0 4693:0 4657:0 4609:0 4571:0 4533:0 4495:0 4452:1 4361:0 4335:0 4310:% 4210:) 4206:( 4159:) 4155:( 3061:( 2949:( 2904:. 2699:. 2455:. 1921:( 1906:e 1899:t 1892:v 1820:) 1816:( 148:) 81:) 75:( 70:) 66:( 52:. 23:.

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