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Borough

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109: 1958: 40: 1491: 171: 1122:, with all municipal corporations to be elected according to a standard franchise based on property ownership. The unreformed boroughs lapsed in borough status, or were reformed (or abolished) later. Several new municipal boroughs were formed in the new industrial cities after the bill enacted, per its provisions. 984:
formerly used the term borough to designate self-governing towns of more than 1,000 people, although 19th century census records show many boroughs with populations as low as 200. A borough of more than 20,000 people could become a city by proclamation. Boroughs and cities were collectively known as
1213:
established a new sort of borough – the county borough. These were designed to be 'counties-to-themselves'; administrative divisions to sit alongside the new administrative counties. They allowed urban areas to be administered separately from the more rural areas. They, therefore, often contained
1195:(boroughs that had declined in importance, had only a small population, and had only a handful of eligible voters), parliamentary constituencies began to diverge from the ancient boroughs. While many ancient boroughs remained as municipal boroughs, they were disenfranchised by the Reform Act. 1001:
completed the process. Counties and boroughs were abolished and all boundaries were redrawn. Under the new system, most territorial authorities cover both urban and rural land. The more populated councils are classified as cities, and the more rural councils are classified as districts. Only
823:. In four of the areas which had previously been contained borough councils, as listed above, these were instead termed Borough Districts. Kilkenny had previously had a borough council, but its district was to be called the Municipal District of Kilkenny City, in recognition of its historic 818:
There were five borough councils in place at the time of the Local Government Reform Act 2014 which abolished all second-tier local government units of borough and town councils. Each local government authority outside of Dublin, Cork City and Galway City was divided into areas termed
902:
It is the declared intention of the Interior Ministry to use the borough mechanism in order to facilitate municipal mergers in Israel, after a 2003 wide-reaching merger plan, which, in general, ignored the sensitivities of the communal settlements, and largely failed.
1294:, or a self-governing body). Since 1974, it has been a purely ceremonial style granted by royal charter to districts which may consist of a single town or may include a number of towns or rural areas. Borough status entitles the council chairman to bear the title of 1141:
were formed for a few others. A successor body is allowed to use the regalia of the old corporation, and appoint ceremonial office holders such as sword and mace bearers as provided in their original charters. The council, or trustees, may apply for an
292:
The concept of the borough has been used repeatedly (and often differently) throughout the world. Often, a borough is a single town with its own local government. However, in some cities it is a subdivision of the city (for example,
1326:
could resolve to adopt the charter of the old municipality and thus continue to enjoy borough status. Districts that do not contain a former borough can apply for a charter in a similar manner to English districts.
1612: 989:
separate from their surrounding counties. Boroughs proliferated in the suburban areas of the larger cities: By the 1980s there were 19 boroughs and three cities in the area that is now the City of Auckland.
1239:
was formed out of Middlesex, parts of Surrey, Kent, Essex, Hertfordshire and the County of London in 1965. These council areas are now referred to as "London boroughs" rather than "metropolitan boroughs".
1267:) were created in 1974, their sub-divisions also became metropolitan boroughs in many, but not all, cases; in many cases these metropolitan boroughs recapitulated abolished county boroughs (for example, 1187:
was decided by the House itself, which resulted in boroughs being established in some small settlements for the purposes of parliamentary representation, despite their possessing no actual corporation.
1838: 1091:
During the medieval period many towns were granted self-governance by the Crown, at which point they became referred to as boroughs. The formal status of borough came to be conferred by
237: 895:. However, Neve Monosson is the first example of a full municipal borough actually declared under law by the Minister of the Interior, under a model subsequently adopted in 3768: 1593: 305:). In such cases, the borough will normally have either limited powers delegated to it by the city's local government, or no powers at all. In other places, such as the 1992: 1271:). The metropolitan boroughs possessed slightly more autonomy from the metropolitan county councils than the shire county districts did from their county councils. 1518: 1514: 564:, although there have been more in the past. However, in some cases it can be integrated into the council's name instead of used as an official title, such as the 199: 3748: 1214:
pre-existing municipal boroughs, which thereafter became part of the second tier of local government, below the administrative counties and county boroughs.
1129:, municipal boroughs were finally abolished (having become increasingly irrelevant). However, the civic traditions of many were continued by the grant of a 801:
was a borough from 1937 until upgraded to a county borough in 1985. The county boroughs in the Republic of Ireland were redesignated as "cities" under the
535:
relates to a hill, rather than a fort. In some cases, the 'berg' element in place names has converged towards burg/borough; for instance Farnborough, from
3799: 1821: 1846: 341:
was once a self-governing small town, but this designation has all but vanished, except for the only remaining borough in the country, which is the
1217:
The county boroughs were, like the municipal boroughs, abolished in 1974, being reabsorbed into their parent counties for administrative purposes.
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With the abolition of the metropolitan county councils in 1986, these metropolitan boroughs became independent, and continue to be so at present.
289:, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement. 1637: 1452:, have retained their names despite clearly being cities, as well as smaller communities that are officially cities in the Commonwealth such as 839:
municipal law, the possibility of creating a municipal borough exists. However, no borough was actually created under law until 2005–2006, when
1985: 50: 2406: 1095:. These boroughs were generally governed by a self-selecting corporation (i.e., when a member died or resigned his replacement would be by 3763: 1379: 192: 159: 1940: 2015: 493: 3809: 3137: 1978: 748: 556:, the term "borough" is an occasionally used term for a local government area. Currently there is only one borough in Australia, the 489: 1462: 1409: 1235:, the various parishes in London were reorganised as new entities, the 'metropolitan boroughs'. These were reorganised further when 1760: 1728: 1475: 713: 1413: 602:, referring to an administrative division of a municipality, or a district. Eight municipalities are divided into boroughs: See 3043: 1592:
Local Electoral Area Boundary Committee No. 1 (13 June 2018). "4. Application of the Terms of Reference; Term of Reference 7".
1504: 1067: 185: 1606: 3257: 2295: 1669: 1509: 1071: 2986: 643:) with a local executive and an administrative board for local government. These boroughs are divided into neighborhoods. 3794: 3262: 2690: 2194: 1303: 752: 519:
The 'burg' element, which means "castle" or "fortress", is often confused with 'berg' meaning "hill" or "mountain" (c.f.
357: 1290:
areas are called "borough". Until 1974, this was a status that denoted towns with a certain type of local government (a
3804: 3189: 3075: 3023: 2932: 1268: 1168: 969:, which had their own borough council and a borough mayor. Other large cities are usually divided into districts, or 84: 3212: 3152: 3112: 3018: 2996: 2780: 2435: 2430: 2101: 693: 426:
A number of other European languages have cognate words that were borrowed from the Germanic languages during the
3277: 3038: 2202: 1184: 1115: 3719: 3272: 2521: 2452: 1299: 867:. Similar structures have been created under different types of legal status over the years in Israel, notably 581: 1962: 3571: 2646: 1818: 1319: 998: 617:, including Scarborough, York, North York and Etobicoke prior to their conversions to cities. The Borough of 1793:"Local Government Reform Act 2014, Section 19 (insertion of section 22A into the Local Government Act 2001)" 812: 3389: 3196: 3008: 2546: 2423: 2262: 820: 1010:, continues to follow the tradition of a small town council that does not include surrounding rural area. 3132: 2877: 322: 808: 3247: 2758: 2346: 1527: 1134: 634: 622: 603: 228:
designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely.
1912: 285:); in order to maintain these particular settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy. After the 3447: 3419: 3237: 3001: 2753: 2366: 1552: 1432: 1405: 1210: 1126: 802: 1970: 3452: 3217: 2558: 2235: 1792: 1453: 1449: 1388: 66: 1183:. Thus parliamentary constituencies were derived from the ancient boroughs. Representation in the 993:
In the 1980s, some boroughs and cities began to be merged with their surrounding counties to form
853:) founded in 1953 and 1984, respectively, were declared to be autonomous municipal boroughs (Heb: 621:
was the last Toronto municipality to hold this status, relinquishing it upon becoming part of the
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was set up to investigate this. This resulted in a regularisation of municipal government by the
916: 717: 557: 342: 294: 217: 28: 24: 3499: 3814: 3576: 3412: 3407: 2937: 2775: 2675: 2411: 2331: 1441: 1260: 824: 740: 154: 3672: 2908: 2592: 2576: 2536: 2526: 2361: 2225: 2207: 2053: 1921: 1901: 1396: 1291: 1172: 1045: 665: 270: 1651: 1007: 3639: 2531: 2091: 1542: 1423: 1283: 1226: 725: 614: 561: 138: 941:(delegation), referring to the 16 administrative areas within the Mexico City, now called 8: 3647: 3484: 3142: 3070: 2765: 2723: 2611: 2541: 2516: 2303: 2250: 2063: 2058: 1019: 836: 669: 565: 349: 3758: 3479: 3467: 3402: 3397: 3117: 2903: 2787: 2670: 2553: 2486: 2378: 2336: 2176: 1930: 1797: 1770: 1765: 1733: 1706: 1674: 1631: 1244: 912: 744: 732:. This would have required an amendment to the 2014 Act, promised for 2019 by minister 1738: 1679: 1431:, as one of the five divisions of New York City, each coextensive with a county — see 1318:, local government was reorganised in 1973. Under the legislation that created the 26 3789: 3521: 3509: 3157: 3147: 2770: 2748: 2653: 2617: 2511: 2398: 2388: 2373: 2230: 2163: 1602: 1547: 1375: 1323: 1295: 1287: 1086: 896: 844: 1404:, formerly applied to a village in the midst of forming a city. Also in Michigan is 3566: 3364: 2927: 2833: 2586: 2470: 2341: 2321: 2285: 2158: 2129: 2068: 1392: 1353: 1315: 1232: 1143: 1138: 1111: 1050: 1023: 926: 792: 784: 733: 661: 477: 463: 353: 278: 266: 221: 3753: 3738:
Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
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reporting in 2018 proposed granting borough status to any district containing a
3085: 3053: 2915: 2853: 2843: 2838: 2658: 2624: 2492: 2442: 2393: 2086: 1916:, vol. 4 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, pp. 62–64 1582:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition (2000)
1532: 1471: 1428: 1264: 1236: 1204: 1192: 788: 756: 597: 447: 435: 409: 326: 3546: 1367:
The following states use, or have used, the word with the following meanings:
3783: 3267: 3107: 2869: 2718: 2581: 2351: 2326: 2169: 1935: 1591: 1496: 1256: 1130: 1092: 880: 860: 840: 175: 3667: 3659: 3654: 3619: 3127: 3122: 3033: 2503: 2153: 2115: 2048: 1944:, vol. 4 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 268–273 1925: 1437: 1151: 1040: 966: 868: 108: 62: 3561: 652:
with the same features as the European or American cities. Those included
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in the 19th century occasionally used the term "borough" for the type of
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As part of a large-scale reform of local government in England and Wales
981: 954: 930: 768: 677: 427: 389: 373: 254: 133: 123: 3474: 1957: 1905: 681: 3174: 2713: 2568: 2267: 1445: 1419: 1361: 1248: 864: 532: 306: 637:
are subdivided into boroughs (English translation of the Spanish term
484:
in Portuguese, Galician and Castilian (hence the castilian place-name
472: 3593: 3551: 3526: 3384: 3339: 3227: 3169: 2991: 2740: 2000: 1467: 1096: 1030: 970: 962: 958: 892: 780: 720:
with a population over 30,000; this would have included the towns of
618: 553: 524: 334: 241: 3629: 3624: 1110:) lamented the diversity of polity of such town corporations, and a 657: 501: 3379: 3349: 3179: 3102: 3013: 2825: 2603: 2313: 1458: 1401: 1100: 994: 776: 701: 673: 569: 397: 302: 128: 100: 3689: 3583: 3434: 3684: 3609: 3439: 3429: 3369: 3282: 3252: 3184: 3065: 2277: 1871:
History of Brown County Wisconsin : Past and Present, Vol. 1
1652:"Other Questions: Local Electoral Area Boundary Committee Report" 1133:
to their successor district councils. As to smallest boroughs, a
1003: 986: 973:, for census purposes. The deelgemeenten were abolished in 2014. 764: 721: 709: 697: 610: 520: 513: 505: 365: 330: 246: 236: 3714: 3704: 3699: 3634: 3588: 3504: 3374: 3359: 3354: 3344: 3028: 2635: 2217: 1371: 1180: 1176: 1026:. There are 5 boroughs in The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago: 922: 798: 760: 653: 587: 528: 485: 369: 361: 318: 310: 298: 20: 3459: 1929: 613:, it was previously used to denote suburban municipalities in 257:, boroughs were settlements in England that were granted some 3709: 3694: 3679: 3556: 3541: 3531: 3516: 3494: 3489: 3424: 3222: 3164: 3048: 1523: 1336: 1191:
After the 1832 Reform Act, which disenfranchised many of the
1035: 884: 876: 872: 772: 729: 705: 262: 1560:, a form of inheritance associated with the English boroughs 1461:, as a division of a city under certain circumstances — see 3536: 2802: 2140: 1877:. Chicago: The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. p. 302 1422:, as a type of independent incorporated municipality — see 888: 739:
Historically, there were 117 parliamentary boroughs in the
333:
on England's south coast with around 9,600 inhabitants. In
282: 1408:, which was a borough from 1817 to 1847, when it became a 16:
Administrative division in some English-speaking countries
3334: 747:. All but 11 municipal boroughs were abolished under the 352:
and the United Kingdom, more specifically in England and
1231:
In 1899, as part of a reform of local government in the
1601:. Ireland: Government Publications Office. p. 18. 1440:, as a type of municipality comparable to a town — see 1171:, two burgesses from each borough were summoned to the 1322:, a district council whose area included an existing 281:. Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points ( 1515:
Boroughs incorporated in England and Wales 1835–1882
1486: 1463:
Administrative divisions of Virginia § Boroughs
348:
Boroughs as administrative units are to be found in
1839:"City of Mackinac Island Reaches 200th Anniversary" 1302:for the grant of borough status upon advice of the 692:There are four borough districts designated by the 3317: 269:, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of 1867: 1076: 3781: 1118:. 178 of the ancient boroughs were re-formed as 594:is generally used as the English translation of 400:settlement; the word appears as modern English 329:, although its population is less than that of 1364:. The term is currently used in seven states. 965:were divided into administrative boroughs, or 1986: 1387:, as an incorporated municipality within, or 1352:In the United States, a borough is a unit of 999:nationwide reform of local government in 1989 647: 638: 193: 47:The examples and perspective in this article 1702:"Local Government (Reorganisation) Act 1985" 1444:— though two of the state's largest cities, 783:. From 1921, Belfast and Derry were part of 595: 277:probably derives from the burghal system of 3764:List of administrative divisions by country 1636:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1380:List of boroughs and census areas in Alaska 1106:Debates on the Reform Bill (eventually the 997:with a mixed urban and rural population. A 3800:Types of subdivision in the United Kingdom 1993: 1979: 859:), within their mergers with the towns of 811:was a borough from 1930 until merged into 368:, in some states of the United States, in 200: 186: 1157: 749:Municipal Corporations (Ireland) Act 1840 85:Learn how and when to remove this message 2031: 1220: 743:, of which 80 were disfranchised by the 235: 2969: 1099:). Sometimes boroughs were governed by 3782: 1505:History of local government in England 1068:History of local government in England 1013: 325:, is comparable in area to the entire 240:A burg (at the time spelled using the 3316: 2968: 2030: 2013: 1974: 1830: 1761:"Local Government (Dublin) Act, 1993" 1658:. KildareStreet.com. 15 January 2019. 1277: 1836: 1729:"Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930" 1670:"Local Government (Galway) Act 1937" 1510:Borough status in the United Kingdom 1243:When the new metropolitan counties ( 1137:was formed for an alike zone, while 1072:Borough status in the United Kingdom 1061: 466:(in Catalonia there is a town named 33: 1309: 1304:Privy Council of the United Kingdom 753:Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 13: 1920: 1900: 1198: 847:, both communal settlements (Heb: 835:Under Israeli law, inherited from 224:countries. In principle, the term 14: 3826: 2014: 1950: 1282:Elsewhere in England a number of 1056: 265:were the Scottish equivalent. In 3810:Types of administrative division 2781:Organized incorporated territory 1956: 1489: 1341: 694:Local Government Reform Act 2014 376:and only one left in Australia. 321:; Alaska's largest borough, the 169: 107: 38: 3769:Slavic administrative divisions 1861: 1837:Lien, Cathryn (July 14, 2017). 1618:from the original on 2022-10-09 1116:Municipal Corporations Act 1835 527:). Hence the 'berg' element in 3318:Non-English terms or loanwords 2522:Direct-controlled municipality 1812: 1785: 1753: 1721: 1694: 1662: 1644: 1585: 1576: 1077:Ancient and municipal boroughs 976: 948: 582:Municipal government in Canada 542: 1: 2647:Special administrative region 1961:The dictionary definition of 1564: 1320:districts of Northern Ireland 1298:. Districts may apply to the 446:, meaning "wall, rampart" in 356:. Boroughs also exist in the 2547:Mountain resort municipality 2424:Intermediate school district 2407:Educational service district 2263:Regional county municipality 1569: 1006:District, an enclave within 791:on the establishment of the 547: 379: 160:Cities by population density 7: 2878:Autonomous territorial unit 1482: 1330: 628: 419:in Scandinavian languages, 61:, discuss the issue on the 10: 3831: 3795:Local government in Canada 2759:National capital territory 2480:Indian reserve/reservation 2347:Indian government district 2001:Designations for types of 1910:, in Baynes, T. S. (ed.), 1893: 1868:Deborah B. Martin (1913). 1843:Mackinac Island Town Crier 1528:List of burghs in Scotland 1345: 1334: 1224: 1202: 1161: 1080: 1065: 910: 687: 623:City of Toronto government 604:List of boroughs in Quebec 579: 231: 18: 3805:Types of populated places 3749:Autonomous administration 3736: 3602: 3327: 3323: 3312: 3205: 2979: 2975: 2964: 2888: 2862: 2824: 2801: 2754:Federal capital territory 2739: 2699: 2634: 2602: 2567: 2502: 2479: 2451: 2367:Non-metropolitan district 2357:Local government district 2312: 2294: 2276: 2216: 2193: 2139: 2114: 2100: 2077: 2041: 2037: 2026: 2022: 2009: 1553:Boroughs of New York City 1433:Boroughs of New York City 1211:Local Government Act 1888 1022:, a Borough is a unit of 985:municipalities, and were 906: 830: 803:Local Government Act 2001 646:The principal cities had 575: 2559:Specialized municipality 2236:Consolidated city-county 957:, the municipalities of 635:Colombian municipalities 19:Not to be confused with 2921:Military exclusion zone 2899:Exclusive economic zone 2664:National capital region 2256:Non-metropolitan county 2003:administrative division 1941:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica 1913:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica 1360:below the level of the 1358:administrative division 1348:Borough (United States) 917:Boroughs of Mexico City 558:Borough of Queenscliffe 488:, galician place-names 343:Borough of Queenscliffe 218:administrative division 29:borrow (disambiguation) 25:bureau (disambiguation) 2938:Self-administered zone 2776:Incorporated territory 2643:Administrative region 2412:Local service district 2332:Congressional district 1922:Smith, William Charles 1902:Smith, William Charles 1442:Borough (Pennsylvania) 1158:Parliamentary boroughs 929:to Spanish applied to 813:DĂșn Laoghaire–Rathdown 787:and stayed within the 755:, six of these became 741:Irish House of Commons 648: 639: 596: 273:. The use of the word 250: 2909:Special economic zone 2593:Praetorian prefecture 2577:Autonomous prefecture 2537:Regional municipality 2527:District municipality 2362:Metropolitan district 2226:Administrative county 2208:Residential community 2054:Local government area 1397:Borough (Connecticut) 1292:municipal corporation 1221:Metropolitan boroughs 1173:Parliament of England 1162:Further information: 925:as translations from 911:Further information: 714:local boundary review 239: 116:Definitions of cities 3500:NjĂ«si administrative 2532:Neutral municipality 2471:Subdivision of India 2203:Autonomous community 2092:Metropolitan borough 2032:Common English terms 1543:Metropolitan borough 1474:normally known as a 1424:Borough (New Jersey) 1227:Metropolitan borough 625:on January 1, 1998. 615:Metropolitan Toronto 139:Settlement hierarchy 67:create a new article 59:improve this article 49:may not represent a 3143:Autonomous republic 3071:Enclave and exclave 2970:Other English terms 2766:Dependent territory 2612:Autonomous province 2542:Resort municipality 2517:County municipality 2304:Overseas department 2251:Metropolitan county 2064:Unincorporated area 1849:on February 8, 2018 1819:1881 census summary 1020:Trinidad and Tobago 1014:Trinidad and Tobago 821:municipal districts 566:Kingborough Council 323:North Slope Borough 317:designates a whole 3759:Electoral district 3076:Federal dependency 2904:Free economic zone 2788:Overseas territory 2671:Development region 2554:Rural municipality 2487:Indian reservation 2379:Municipal district 2337:Electoral district 2177:Free imperial city 1824:2009-01-15 at the 1798:Irish Statute Book 1766:Irish Statute Book 1734:Irish Statute Book 1707:Irish Statute Book 1675:Irish Statute Book 1278:Other current uses 1245:Greater Manchester 1120:municipal boroughs 1008:Whakatāne District 937:has resulted in a 913:Boroughs of Mexico 745:Acts of Union 1800 508:in Polish and the 251: 3777: 3776: 3732: 3731: 3728: 3727: 3308: 3307: 3304: 3303: 3300: 3299: 3296: 3295: 2960: 2959: 2956: 2955: 2874:Territorial unit 2771:Federal territory 2749:Capital territory 2654:Autonomous region 2618:Overseas province 2512:City municipality 2403:Service district 2399:Sanitary district 2389:Regional district 2374:Military district 2231:Autonomous county 2164:Incorporated city 1773:on 11 August 2014 1682:on 11 August 2014 1608:978-1-4064-2990-9 1548:Municipal borough 1376:county-equivalent 1324:municipal borough 1288:unitary authority 1087:Municipal borough 1062:England and Wales 388:derives from the 358:Canadian province 210: 209: 176:Cities portal 95: 94: 87: 69:, as appropriate. 3822: 3365:Regierungsbezirk 3325: 3324: 3314: 3313: 2977: 2976: 2966: 2965: 2928:Free speech zone 2834:Charter township 2587:Super-prefecture 2431:Special district 2342:Federal district 2322:Capital district 2286:Overseas country 2159:Independent city 2130:Imperial capital 2069:Unorganized area 2039: 2038: 2028: 2027: 2024: 2023: 2011: 2010: 1995: 1988: 1981: 1972: 1971: 1960: 1945: 1933: 1917: 1909: 1887: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1876: 1865: 1859: 1858: 1856: 1854: 1845:. Archived from 1834: 1828: 1816: 1810: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1789: 1783: 1782: 1780: 1778: 1769:. Archived from 1757: 1751: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1737:. Archived from 1725: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1698: 1692: 1691: 1689: 1687: 1678:. Archived from 1666: 1660: 1659: 1648: 1642: 1641: 1635: 1627: 1625: 1623: 1617: 1600: 1589: 1583: 1580: 1499: 1494: 1493: 1492: 1412:; it has been a 1354:local government 1316:Northern Ireland 1310:Northern Ireland 1233:County of London 1185:House of Commons 1175:, alongside two 1144:Order in Council 1139:charter trustees 1112:Royal Commission 1024:Local Government 815:county in 1994. 793:Irish Free State 785:Northern Ireland 734:John Paul Phelan 651: 642: 601: 364:and formerly in 354:Northern Ireland 279:Alfred the Great 267:medieval England 222:English-speaking 202: 195: 188: 174: 173: 172: 111: 97: 96: 90: 83: 79: 76: 70: 42: 41: 34: 3830: 3829: 3825: 3824: 3823: 3821: 3820: 3819: 3780: 3779: 3778: 3773: 3754:Census division 3724: 3598: 3319: 3292: 3243:Imperial Circle 3201: 2971: 2952: 2946:Free-trade zone 2884: 2858: 2849:Survey township 2820: 2797: 2793:Union territory 2735: 2730:Sovereign state 2695: 2686:Overseas region 2630: 2598: 2563: 2498: 2489:(United States) 2475: 2466:Police division 2461:Census division 2447: 2419:School district 2384:Police district 2308: 2290: 2272: 2212: 2189: 2184:Royal free city 2149:Autonomous city 2135: 2124:Federal capital 2110: 2096: 2073: 2033: 2018: 2005: 1999: 1953: 1948: 1931:"Borough"  1907:"Borough"  1896: 1891: 1890: 1880: 1878: 1874: 1866: 1862: 1852: 1850: 1835: 1831: 1826:Wayback Machine 1817: 1813: 1803: 1801: 1791: 1790: 1786: 1776: 1774: 1759: 1758: 1754: 1744: 1742: 1741:on 23 July 2015 1727: 1726: 1722: 1712: 1710: 1700: 1699: 1695: 1685: 1683: 1668: 1667: 1663: 1650: 1649: 1645: 1629: 1628: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1609: 1598: 1590: 1586: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1558:Borough-English 1538:Ancient borough 1495: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1406:Mackinac Island 1350: 1344: 1339: 1333: 1312: 1280: 1253:South Yorkshire 1229: 1223: 1207: 1201: 1199:County boroughs 1193:rotten boroughs 1166: 1164:Reform Act 1832 1160: 1108:Reform Act 1832 1089: 1083:Ancient borough 1081:Main articles: 1079: 1074: 1066:Main articles: 1064: 1059: 1016: 979: 951: 919: 909: 856:vaad rova ironi 850:yishuv kehilati 837:British Mandate 833: 757:county boroughs 690: 631: 584: 578: 550: 545: 382: 287:Norman Conquest 259:self-government 234: 206: 170: 168: 91: 80: 74: 71: 56: 43: 39: 32: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3828: 3818: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3775: 3774: 3772: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3737: 3734: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3702: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3676: 3675: 3670: 3662: 3657: 3652: 3651: 3650: 3642: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3622: 3617: 3612: 3606: 3604: 3600: 3599: 3597: 3596: 3591: 3586: 3581: 3580: 3579: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3513: 3512: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3477: 3472: 3471: 3470: 3462: 3457: 3456: 3455: 3450: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3427: 3422: 3417: 3416: 3415: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3392: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3337: 3331: 3329: 3321: 3320: 3310: 3309: 3306: 3305: 3302: 3301: 3298: 3297: 3294: 3293: 3291: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3209: 3207: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3199: 3194: 3193: 3192: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3161: 3160: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3099: 3098: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3057: 3056: 3046: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3005: 3004: 2994: 2989: 2983: 2981: 2973: 2972: 2962: 2961: 2958: 2957: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2950: 2949: 2948: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2924: 2923: 2916:Exclusion zone 2913: 2912: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2895:Economic zone 2892: 2890: 2886: 2885: 2883: 2882: 2881: 2880: 2872: 2866: 2864: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2856: 2854:Urban township 2851: 2846: 2844:Paper township 2841: 2839:Civil township 2836: 2830: 2828: 2822: 2821: 2819: 2818: 2813: 2807: 2805: 2799: 2798: 2796: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2784: 2783: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2762: 2761: 2756: 2745: 2743: 2737: 2736: 2734: 2733: 2726: 2721: 2716: 2711: 2705: 2703: 2697: 2696: 2694: 2693: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2673: 2668: 2667: 2666: 2659:Capital region 2656: 2651: 2650: 2649: 2640: 2638: 2632: 2631: 2629: 2628: 2625:Roman province 2621: 2614: 2608: 2606: 2600: 2599: 2597: 2596: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2573: 2571: 2565: 2564: 2562: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2550: 2549: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2508: 2506: 2500: 2499: 2497: 2496: 2493:Indian reserve 2490: 2483: 2481: 2477: 2476: 2474: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2457: 2455: 2449: 2448: 2446: 2445: 2443:Urban district 2440: 2439: 2438: 2428: 2427: 2426: 2416: 2415: 2414: 2409: 2401: 2396: 2394:Rural district 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2370: 2369: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2344: 2339: 2334: 2329: 2324: 2318: 2316: 2310: 2309: 2307: 2306: 2300: 2298: 2292: 2291: 2289: 2288: 2282: 2280: 2274: 2273: 2271: 2270: 2265: 2260: 2259: 2258: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2222: 2220: 2214: 2213: 2211: 2210: 2205: 2199: 2197: 2191: 2190: 2188: 2187: 2180: 2173: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2145: 2143: 2137: 2136: 2134: 2133: 2126: 2120: 2118: 2112: 2111: 2106: 2104: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2094: 2089: 2087:County borough 2083: 2081: 2075: 2074: 2072: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2045: 2043: 2035: 2034: 2020: 2019: 2007: 2006: 1998: 1997: 1990: 1983: 1975: 1969: 1968: 1952: 1951:External links 1949: 1947: 1946: 1936:Chisholm, Hugh 1918: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1860: 1829: 1811: 1784: 1752: 1720: 1693: 1661: 1643: 1607: 1584: 1574: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1562: 1561: 1555: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1533:County borough 1530: 1521: 1512: 1507: 1501: 1500: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1479: 1472:civil township 1465: 1456: 1435: 1426: 1417: 1399: 1382: 1346:Main article: 1343: 1340: 1332: 1329: 1311: 1308: 1279: 1276: 1265:West Yorkshire 1237:Greater London 1225:Main article: 1222: 1219: 1205:County borough 1203:Main article: 1200: 1197: 1159: 1156: 1078: 1075: 1063: 1060: 1058: 1057:United Kingdom 1055: 1054: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1015: 1012: 978: 975: 950: 947: 908: 905: 897:Maccabim-Re'ut 845:Maccabim-Re'ut 832: 829: 789:United Kingdom 689: 686: 630: 627: 598:arrondissement 580:Main article: 577: 574: 549: 546: 544: 541: 516:in Slovenian. 381: 378: 372:, formerly in 327:United Kingdom 233: 230: 208: 207: 205: 204: 197: 190: 182: 179: 178: 165: 164: 163: 162: 157: 155:Largest cities 149: 148: 144: 143: 142: 141: 136: 131: 126: 118: 117: 113: 112: 104: 103: 93: 92: 75:September 2017 53:of the subject 51:worldwide view 46: 44: 37: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3827: 3816: 3815:English words 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3787: 3785: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3743: 3741: 3735: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3649: 3646: 3645: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3601: 3595: 3592: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3578: 3575: 3574: 3573: 3570: 3568: 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3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3108:Neighbourhood 3106: 3104: 3101: 3097: 3094: 3093: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3059: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2987:Alpine resort 2985: 2984: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2967: 2963: 2947: 2944: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2922: 2919: 2918: 2917: 2914: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2896: 2894: 2893: 2891: 2887: 2879: 2876: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2870:Regional unit 2868: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2823: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2800: 2794: 2791: 2789: 2786: 2782: 2779: 2778: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2751: 2750: 2747: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2727: 2725: 2722: 2720: 2719:Federal state 2717: 2715: 2712: 2710: 2707: 2706: 2704: 2702: 2698: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2665: 2662: 2661: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2648: 2645: 2644: 2642: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2633: 2627: 2626: 2622: 2620: 2619: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2609: 2607: 2605: 2601: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2582:Subprefecture 2580: 2578: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2570: 2566: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2544: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2518: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2482: 2478: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2458: 2456: 2454: 2450: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2434: 2433: 2432: 2429: 2425: 2422: 2421: 2420: 2417: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2352:Land district 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2327:City district 2325: 2323: 2320: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2311: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2299: 2297: 2293: 2287: 2284: 2283: 2281: 2279: 2275: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2257: 2254: 2253: 2252: 2249: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2223: 2221: 2219: 2215: 2209: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2200: 2198: 2196: 2192: 2186: 2185: 2181: 2179: 2178: 2174: 2172: 2171: 2170:Imperial city 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2138: 2132: 2131: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2103: 2099: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2084: 2082: 2080: 2076: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2046: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2016:English terms 2012: 2008: 2004: 1996: 1991: 1989: 1984: 1982: 1977: 1976: 1973: 1967:at Wiktionary 1966: 1965: 1959: 1955: 1954: 1943: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1926:Bateson, Mary 1923: 1919: 1915: 1914: 1908: 1903: 1899: 1898: 1873: 1872: 1864: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1833: 1827: 1823: 1820: 1815: 1800: 1799: 1794: 1788: 1772: 1768: 1767: 1762: 1756: 1740: 1736: 1735: 1730: 1724: 1709: 1708: 1703: 1697: 1681: 1677: 1676: 1671: 1665: 1657: 1653: 1647: 1639: 1633: 1614: 1610: 1604: 1597: 1596: 1588: 1579: 1575: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1502: 1498: 1497:Cities portal 1487: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1349: 1342:United States 1338: 1328: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1307: 1305: 1301: 1300:British Crown 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1261:West Midlands 1258: 1257:Tyne and Wear 1254: 1250: 1246: 1241: 1238: 1234: 1228: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1206: 1196: 1194: 1189: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1165: 1155: 1153: 1149: 1148:Royal Licence 1145: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1123: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1104: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1093:Royal Charter 1088: 1084: 1073: 1069: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1028: 1027: 1025: 1021: 1011: 1009: 1005: 1000: 996: 991: 988: 983: 974: 972: 968: 967:deelgemeenten 964: 960: 956: 946: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 918: 914: 904: 900: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 881:Tel Aviv-Yafo 878: 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 857: 852: 851: 846: 842: 841:Neve Monosson 838: 828: 826: 822: 816: 814: 810: 809:DĂșn Laoghaire 806: 804: 800: 796: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 737: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 685: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 650: 644: 641: 636: 626: 624: 620: 616: 612: 607: 605: 600: 599: 593: 589: 583: 573: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 540: 539:(fern-hill). 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 517: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 474: 469: 465: 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 424: 422: 418: 414: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 377: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 351: 346: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 295:New York City 290: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 249: 248: 243: 238: 229: 227: 223: 219: 215: 203: 198: 196: 191: 189: 184: 183: 181: 180: 177: 167: 166: 161: 158: 156: 153: 152: 151: 150: 146: 145: 140: 137: 135: 132: 130: 127: 125: 122: 121: 120: 119: 115: 114: 110: 106: 105: 102: 99: 98: 89: 86: 78: 68: 64: 60: 54: 52: 45: 36: 35: 30: 26: 22: 3739: 3660:Maalaiskunta 3620:Heerlijkheid 3460:LĂ€n (Sweden) 3128:Protectorate 3123:Principality 3044:Constituency 2933:Neutral zone 2728: 2623: 2616: 2591: 2504:Municipality 2182: 2175: 2168: 2154:Charter city 2128: 2078: 2059:Special area 2049:Insular area 1963: 1939: 1911: 1879:. Retrieved 1870: 1863: 1851:. Retrieved 1847:the original 1842: 1832: 1814: 1802:. Retrieved 1796: 1787: 1775:. Retrieved 1771:the original 1764: 1755: 1743:. Retrieved 1739:the original 1732: 1723: 1711:. Retrieved 1705: 1696: 1684:. Retrieved 1680:the original 1673: 1664: 1656:DĂĄil debates 1655: 1646: 1620:. Retrieved 1594: 1587: 1578: 1438:Pennsylvania 1389:consolidated 1366: 1351: 1313: 1281: 1273: 1242: 1230: 1216: 1208: 1190: 1167: 1152:coat of arms 1135:town council 1124: 1119: 1105: 1090: 1046:Diego Martin 1041:Point Fortin 1017: 992: 980: 952: 942: 938: 934: 920: 901: 855: 854: 849: 848: 834: 817: 807: 797: 751:. Under the 738: 691: 645: 632: 608: 591: 585: 551: 536: 518: 509: 497: 481: 471: 467: 459: 451: 443: 439: 431: 430:, including 425: 420: 416: 412: 405: 401: 396:, meaning a 393: 385: 383: 347: 338: 314: 291: 274: 252: 245: 225: 213: 211: 81: 72: 48: 3655:Landskommun 3547:Savivaldybė 3413:Switzerland 3408:South Tyrol 3288:Viceroyalty 3081:Governorate 3039:Condominium 2942:Trade zone 2816:Market town 2811:Census town 2709:Proto-state 2681:Microregion 2246:County town 2241:County seat 2108:Half-canton 1853:February 7, 1416:since 1899. 1385:Connecticut 1150:to use the 982:New Zealand 977:New Zealand 955:Netherlands 949:Netherlands 933:, the word 931:Mexico City 869:Kiryat Haim 825:city status 718:census town 666:La Estrella 649:localidades 640:localidades 590:, the term 543:Definitions 428:Middle Ages 423:in German. 390:Old English 374:New Zealand 255:Middle Ages 220:in various 134:Megalopolis 124:Conurbation 3784:Categories 3603:Historical 3567:Shahrestān 3510:Autonomous 3258:Presidency 3206:Historical 3175:Suzerainty 3158:Autonomous 3002:Autonomous 2724:Free state 2714:City-state 2676:Mesoregion 2569:Prefecture 2296:Department 1622:29 January 1565:References 1454:Gettysburg 1450:Harrisburg 1446:Pittsburgh 1420:New Jersey 1249:Merseyside 1179:from each 971:stadsdelen 939:delegaciĂłn 537:fernaberga 533:Heidelberg 394:burg, burh 307:U.S. state 271:parliament 3644:Landskap 3640:LĂ€n/LÀÀni 3594:Vingtaine 3562:SeniĆ«nija 3552:Selsoviet 3527:Poblacion 3464:Landskap 3394:Gemeinde 3385:Freguesia 3340:Apskritis 3263:Residency 3228:Exarchate 3170:Sultanate 3061:Eldership 2992:Bailiwick 2741:Territory 2691:Subregion 2436:in the US 2268:Viscounty 2195:Community 1632:cite book 1570:Citations 1519:1882–1974 1468:Wisconsin 1356:or other 1284:districts 1269:Stockport 1169:From 1265 1097:co-option 1031:Chaguanas 995:districts 963:Amsterdam 959:Rotterdam 943:AlcaldĂ­as 899:as well. 893:Jerusalem 795:in 1922. 781:Waterford 619:East York 554:Australia 548:Australia 525:inselberg 398:fortified 384:The word 380:Etymology 335:Australia 244:) in the 242:insular G 63:talk page 3790:Boroughs 3745:See also 3480:Maakunta 3475:LocalitĂ  3420:Gemeente 3380:Frazione 3350:Barangay 3180:Townland 3118:Precinct 3103:Muftiate 3054:District 3014:Cadastre 2826:Township 2604:Province 2495:(Canada) 2453:Division 2314:District 1928:(1911), 1904:(1878), 1881:25 April 1822:Archived 1804:2 August 1777:5 August 1745:5 August 1713:5 August 1686:5 August 1613:Archived 1483:See also 1459:Virginia 1429:New York 1402:Michigan 1391:with, a 1331:Scotland 1101:bailiffs 987:enclaves 777:Limerick 702:Drogheda 682:MedellĂ­n 674:Envigado 670:Sabaneta 629:Colombia 570:Tasmania 562:Victoria 494:Malburgo 303:Montreal 129:Megacity 101:Ekistics 57:You may 3740:italics 3700:Satrapy 3685:Pargana 3610:Commote 3468:Finland 3448:Finland 3440:Kampong 3430:Hromada 3403:Germany 3398:Austria 3370:Comarca 3328:Current 3283:Tithing 3253:Monthon 3238:Hundred 3185:Village 3138:Regency 3133:Quarter 3066:Emirate 3034:Commune 3024:Circuit 2980:Current 2278:Country 2116:Capital 2079:Borough 1964:borough 1938:(ed.), 1894:Sources 1410:village 1374:, as a 1177:knights 1131:charter 1127:in 1974 1051:Siparia 1004:Kawerau 953:In the 935:borough 927:English 865:Modi'in 765:Belfast 722:Dundalk 710:Wexford 698:Clonmel 688:Ireland 611:Ontario 592:borough 521:iceberg 514:Maribor 506:Malbork 496:), the 490:O Burgo 478:Italian 464:Catalan 406:-brough 386:borough 366:Ontario 350:Ireland 339:borough 331:Swanage 315:borough 275:borough 253:In the 247:Beowulf 232:History 226:borough 214:borough 3715:Syssel 3705:Socken 3673:Greece 3648:Sweden 3635:Korale 3630:Köping 3625:KomunĂ« 3589:Tehsil 3505:Oblast 3453:Sweden 3375:Comune 3360:Bezirk 3355:Bashki 3345:Bakhsh 3218:Barony 3213:Agency 3190:Summer 3153:Sector 3148:Riding 3113:Parish 3086:Hamlet 3029:Colony 3019:Circle 2997:Banner 2636:Region 2218:County 2102:Canton 1605:  1595:Report 1395:— see 1372:Alaska 1263:, and 1181:county 923:Mexico 907:Mexico 831:Israel 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Index

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