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the beginning of the battle, al-Ashqar withstood the
Egyptian attacks, but was surprised by the escape of the Damascus forces from the battlefield and their joining the Egyptians. In the midst of all this, before the battle, al-Ashqar had agreed with the Arab tribes led by Ibn Muhanna that they would attack the Egyptian army camps from behind and plunder them in order to occupy the Egyptians who would be dispersed, but the commander of the Egyptian army, Emir Alam al-Din Sanjar, was an experienced military commander, so he ordered the Egyptian forces not to look back, even if they saw that the Arabs were taking their clothes from their tents, thus foiling the plan of Sunqur al-Ashqar.
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followed him. A number of princes loyal to al-Ashqar came to the commanders of the
Egyptian army and declared their loyalty to the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, represented by Sultan al-Mansur Seif al-Din Qalawun. Then 3,000 Egyptian soldiers went to arrest Sunqur al-Ashqar and the princes loyal to him and those who were still with him, and with them a decree from the Sultan of Egypt of safety for whoever would hand over themselves for justice.
235:, which is at the gate of Egypt. Sunqur allied at that time with the Arab tribes in Gaza and the Levant. When Qalawun learned of the entry of the Levantine forces into Gaza, he ordered the Egyptian army to go out to fight the Levantine army and pursue it into its homeland in Damascus and put down the attempt to secede the Levant from the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt.
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and brought its people to safety. The people of
Damascus were reassured and opened the doors, and no case of looting or any case of aggression was recorded by the Egyptian forces towards the people of Damascus, which makes it clear that the conflict was with Sunqur al-Ashqar as a person, and whoever
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On June 11, Sunqur with the Levant's soldiers left
Damascus and camped in al-Jassora and waited there until the Egyptian army numbering 6,000 men arrived on June 16 under the command of Emir Alam al-Din Sanjar. Two days later, on June 18, a battle broke out between the two armies at al-Jassora. At
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The
Egyptian army went out and met the Levantine army of al-Ashqar in Gaza. At the beginning, the Levantines repelled the Egyptians, but in the end the Egyptians won an overwhelming victory, and the remnants of the Levantine army withdrew to the
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Omens or messages were followed to Egypt with news of the
Egyptian victory. Sultan al-Mansur Qalawun was very happy and ordered the decoration of Cairo and the major Egyptian cities. The long period of
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over Egypt began, which would continue for more than a century, most of which was a period of prosperity and glory that Egypt had not witnessed since ancient times.
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From Slave to Sultan: The Career of Al-Manṣūr Qalāwūn and the
Consolidation of Mamluk Rule in Egypt and Syria (678–689 A.H./1279–1290 A.D.)
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267:, along with the Arabs, and most of the soldiers of the Levant, fled from the battlefield to the point that the historian
247:, so the Egyptian armies advanced towards Ramla, and there all the Levantine forces withdrew from Ramla towards Damascus.
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says that the soldiers of the Levant hid in the orchards and gardens of
Damascus, and among them were those who fled to
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State formation and the structure of politics in Mamluk Syro-Egypt, 648–741 A.H./1250–1340 C.E
275:, so the rebellious emir Sunqur al-Ashqar remained alone on the battlefield and was defeated.
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Sunqur al-Ashqar was not satisfied with that. He also sent his
Levantine army and entered
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and led a royal procession in
Damascus, and having his name read in the
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Clifford, Winslow William (2013). Conermann, Stephan (ed.).
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157:) took place on 18 June 1280 in the al-Jassora region in
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169:Alam al-Din Sanjar and a Levantine army led by
283:After that, the Egyptian forces headed to the
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220:, in imitation of the Egyptian Sultans in
439:Rebellions in the medieval Islamic world
419:Battles involving the Mamluk Sultanate
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325:Northrup, Linda S. (1998).
173:, the ruler in the name of
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83:Sunqur al-Ashqar loyalists
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202:Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt
183:Sharaf al-Din ibn Muhanna
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444:14th-century rebellions
126:Shihab al-Din ibn Hajji
94:Commanders and leaders
147:battle of al-Jassora
19:Battle of al-Jassora
429:Rebellions in Syria
285:Citadel of Damascus
177:, supported by the
115:Izz al-Din al-Afram
106:Alam al-Din Sanjar
424:Conflicts in 1280
369:978-3-8471-0091-1
331:. Franz Steiner.
218:al-Malik al-Kamil
204:, the Viceroy of
175:al-Malik al-Kamil
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40:al-Jassora, near
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151:Egyptian Arabic
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123:Isa ibn Muhanna
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200:to rule the
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161:between the
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65:Belligerents
31:18 June 1280
413:Categories
300:References
243:region in
189:Background
279:Aftermath
245:Palestine
228:sermons.
206:Damascus
131:Strength
42:Damascus
36:Location
273:Baalbek
165:led by
139:~14,000
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261:Aleppo
251:Battle
136:~6,000
89:tribes
53:Result
241:Ramla
222:Cairo
214:Egypt
210:Syria
159:Syria
46:Syria
365:ISBN
333:ISBN
265:Hama
263:and
233:Gaza
167:Emir
145:The
87:Arab
28:Date
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