44:
459:
after
Eberhard's banishment in 938. The change in government in Bavaria may have precipitated the war. As recently as 937, Arnulf had allowed the Hungarians to pass peacefully through Bavaria to raid parts further west. Under Arnulf, Berthold had been duke of a region south of the Alps and attached
423:
While the sources do not provide details on the battle itself, the historian
Charles Bowlus has suggested that the Hungarians may have been surprised by the Bavarians and Carantanians while returning from pasturing their horses on the steppe-like grasslands of the Welser Heide. There was a crossing
471:
According to
Widukind, Berthold was "renowned for this celebrated triumph". Adalbert, who identifies the place of the battle as Wels but places it in the year 944, states that the Hungarians were defeated "as they had never been defeated by our men before". The
436:, and the site of the battle may have been a no-man's-land between the Enns and the Traun. It was essentially a border action and not deep within Bavaria, which the Hungarians had penetrated many times before.
188:
476:
add that "only a few
Hungarians escaped", while those of Saint Gall that "their entire army was wiped out". These comments suggest that the victory of 943 was superior to that of King
412:
181:
639:
634:
468:. After 938, the Bavarians and Carantanians were thus united under a single ruler, a factor Adalbert may have seen as critical to their success in 943.
174:
440:, on the other hand, believes that they were defeated at the outset of a new expedition before they had gotten much further than their own frontier.
644:
222:
217:
654:
619:
649:
432:. At the time, Welser Heide lay on the Bavarian side of the border with Hungary, which was the Enns. Wels lies on the
624:
363:
292:
198:
35:
400:
322:
317:
546:
The Battle of
Lechfeld and its Aftermath, August 955: The End of the Age of Migrations in the Latin West
629:
444:
406:
367:
130:
485:
312:
307:
302:
262:
247:
242:
452:
387:
118:
443:
The cause of the battle may have originated with the
Bavarians, since under the previous duke,
227:
583:
Herwig
Wolfram, "Bavaria in the Tenth and Early Eleventh Centuries", in Timothy Reuter (ed.),
272:
379:
43:
366:. The Bavarians and Carantanians were victorious under the command of the Bavarian leader
8:
282:
237:
20:
267:
477:
465:
448:
417:
371:
287:
111:
456:
257:
252:
395:
339:
232:
212:
106:
447:, they had been on good relations with the Hungarians and poor relations with the
560:
Karl J. Leyser, "The Battle at the Lech, 955: A Study in Tenth-Century
Warfare",
481:
359:
277:
166:
437:
608:
455:, is said by Widukind to have been "administering" Bavaria on behalf of King
614:
343:
99:
429:
362:, nowadays a part of Austria. The battle took place at the height of the
355:
461:
425:
347:
19:
For the
Napoleonic battle of 1809, sometimes associated with Wels, see
587:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), pp. 293–309, at 303–04.
526:
Widukind of Corvey; Bernard S. Bachrach and David S. Bachrach (eds.),
530:(Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2014), p. 91.
484:(933) ten years earlier, although it would be superseded by Otto's
73:
370:. The victory is mentioned widely in contemporary histories, in
48:
The
Hungarian campaign in Europe in 943. Battle of Wels marked.
585:
The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 3, c. 900 – c. 1024
433:
506:
Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526
451:. Berthold, who was the brother of Eberhard's father, Duke
351:
69:
196:
606:
338:(10/12 August 943) was fought between a joint
182:
640:Battles of the Hungarian invasions of Europe
635:Battles involving Hungary in the Middle Ages
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
223:Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin
189:
175:
42:
579:
577:
575:
573:
556:
554:
540:
538:
536:
511:
645:Battles involving the Holy Roman Empire
607:
570:
551:
533:
170:
13:
218:Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 894–896
14:
666:
16:Battle in the Hungarian invasion
655:Battles involving East Francia
590:
498:
460:to Bavaria, the old region of
398:. It is also mentioned in the
1:
491:
364:Hungarian invasions of Europe
200:Hungarian invasions of Europe
36:Hungarian invasions of Europe
620:10th century in East Francia
508:(I. B. Tauris, 2005), p. 14.
84:Bavarian–Carantanian victory
7:
390:in his continuation of the
10:
671:
416:, and in the necrology of
18:
650:Battles involving Bavaria
208:
152:
139:
131:Berthold, Duke of Bavaria
124:
92:
52:
41:
33:
28:
548:(Ashgate, 2006), p. 145.
318:Bulgarian–Hungarian wars
625:10th century in Hungary
567:(1965), pp. 1–25, at 7.
486:victory at the Lechfeld
388:Adalbert of Weissenburg
119:Principality of Hungary
358:, on the plain of the
125:Commanders and leaders
596:Bowlus (2006), p. 87.
153:Casualties and losses
401:Annals of Saint Gall
380:Hermann of Reichenau
544:Charles R. Bowlus,
528:Deeds of the Saxons
413:Annals of Magdeburg
376:Deeds of the Saxons
21:Battle of Ebelsberg
474:Annals of Salzburg
466:Duchy of Carinthia
418:Freising Cathedral
407:Annals of Salzburg
372:Widukind of Corvey
112:March of Carinthia
331:
330:
165:
164:
88:
87:
662:
630:Duchy of Bavaria
597:
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588:
581:
568:
558:
549:
542:
531:
524:
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107:Duchy of Bavaria
60:10/12 August 943
54:
53:
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25:
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482:Battle of Riade
449:king of Germany
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76:
47:
24:
17:
12:
11:
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438:Herwig Wolfram
396:Regino of PrĂĽm
336:Battle of Wels
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303:Lechfeld (955)
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248:Lechfeld (910)
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39:
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31:
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29:Battle of Wels
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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469:
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464:, the future
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473:
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405:
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391:
383:
375:
360:Welser Heide
335:
333:
323:Arcadiopolis
297:
228:Southern Buh
100:East Francia
98:
93:Belligerents
34:Part of the
504:Pál Engel,
350:force near
346:army and a
344:Carantanian
609:Categories
492:References
462:Carantania
426:Enns river
392:Chronicon
384:Chronicon
348:Hungarian
283:W.l.n.d.r
238:Pressburg
488:in 955.
445:Eberhard
430:Ennsburg
410:and the
368:Berthold
356:Traungau
340:Bavarian
288:Fraxinet
263:Achelous
243:Eisenach
140:Strength
72:, today
65:Location
562:History
480:at the
478:Henry I
424:of the
386:and by
354:in the
253:Rednitz
158:Unknown
148:Unknown
145:Unknown
135:Unknown
74:Austria
457:Otto I
453:Arnulf
404:, the
313:Syrmia
293:Iberia
268:PĂĽchen
233:Brenta
213:Pliska
81:Result
434:Traun
378:, in
308:Drina
278:Riade
273:Drava
161:Heavy
352:Wels
334:The
298:Wels
70:Wels
57:Date
615:943
428:at
394:of
382:'s
374:'s
258:Inn
611::
572:^
565:50
553:^
535:^
513:^
420:.
342:–
190:e
183:t
176:v
23:.
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