295:
399:
548:. In 1835, Hodgson published a translation. The first line of the Hodgson translation mentioned "Ashu Ghosa" and invoked "Manju Ghosa" as the Guru of the World. The details of the caste system, its antiquity and "shrewd and argumentative attack" by a Buddhist, in the words of Hodgson, gained wide interest among 19th-century scholars. The scholarship that followed, surmised that "Ashu Ghosa" is possibly the famous Buddhist scholar Aśvaghoṣa, who lived around the 2nd century CE.
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They agreed that the elder Pārśva should speak first, and he said: "The world should be made peaceable, with a long-lived king, plentiful harvests, and joy throughout the land, with none of the myriad calamities", to which the ascetic had no response and so was bound to become Pārśva's disciple, and
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king's army, who demanded 300,000 gold pieces in tribute. The King could not pay so much, as he had only 100,000. The Kuṣāna king therefore asked for the Buddha's begging bowl, the converted monk, and the 100,000 gold pieces for his tribute. Although the king of the central kingdom was unhappy, the
330:
and had the wood-block sounded. The ascetic came to ask why it had been sounded. Though thinking the old monk would be unable to debate with him, he accepted the challenge. After seven days, the debate was held in front of the King, his
Ministers, and many ascetics and brahmans. The loser agreed to
432:
was "...extensively read in all the five parts of India and in the countries of the South Sea (Sumātra, Jāva and the neighbouring islands). He clothed manifold notions and ideas in a few words which so delighted the heart of his reader that he never wearied of perusing the poem. Moreover, it was
350:
The Kuṣāna's king's
Ministers, however, were unhappy, not thinking that the bhikṣu was priced correctly at 100,000 gold pieces. The king, who knew the worth of bhiksu, ordered that seven horses be starved for six days. The king then made an assembly and had the bhikṣu preach the Dharma. Even the
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monks that if none could meet with him in debate then they should stop beating the wood-block which signalled to the people to bring offerings to them. There was no one there to meet the challenge so they stopped beating the wood-block.
444:
poem with the theme of conversion of Nanda, Buddha's half-brother, so that he might reach salvation. The first half of the work describes Nanda's life, and the second half of the work describes
Buddhist doctrines and ascetic practices.
351:
horses, whose favourite food was placed in front of them, were entranced by the
Teaching of the monk, and listened intently. Everybody was thereby convinced of his worth. He was then granted the name Aśvaghoṣa, Horse-Cry.
354:
He travelled throughout northern India proclaiming the Dharma and guiding all through his wisdom and understanding, and he was held in great regard by the four-fold assembly, who knew him as The Sun of Merit and Virtue.
44:
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he was given full ordination as a bhikṣu. Although he had to consent to this, he still was not convinced of the elder's virtues until he showed him he had mastered the Bases of
Spiritual Power (
294:
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monk persuaded him it would be for the good of the propagation of the Dharma which would spread across the four continents if he went with the Kuṣāna king. He was therefore taken away.
926:, Dharmayātrā: Papers on Ancient South Asian Philosophies, Asian Culture and Their Transmission. Presented to Venerable Tampalawela Dhammaratana on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday.
808:
Yamabe, Nobuyoshi. 'On the School
Affiliation of Aśvaghoṣa: "Sautrāntika" or "Yogācāra"?' Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies Vol. 26 (2), 225-249, 2003.
875:
Yoshichika Honda. 'Indian
Buddhism and the kāvya literature: Asvaghosa's Saundaranandakavya.' Hiroshima Daigaku Daigakuin Bungaku Kenkyuuka ronshuu, vol. 64, pp. 17–26, 2004.
860:
450:
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However, in the north there was an elder bhikṣu named Pārśva at the time, who saw that if he could convert this ascetic, it would be a great asset to the propagation of the
339:), at which point he gained faith. Pārśva then taught him the 5 Faculties, the 5 Powers, the 7 Factors and the 8-fold Noble Path, and he eventually mastered the teaching.
306:. His original (lay) name is unknown, Aśvaghosa being a later nickname only. According to the traditional biography of Aśvaghoṣa, which was translated into Chinese by
921:
995:
1043:. Motilal Banarsidass (Reprint: 1993, ISBN/OCLC refer to the Translation into English by V Srinivasa Sarma. pp. 254–255 (German version: pages 209–211).
969:
1964:
3875:
2879:
1354:
757:
991:
Nattier, Jan. 'The Heart Sūtra: A Chinese
Apocryphal Text?'. Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies Vol. 15 (2), 180–81, 1992.
3900:
2883:
837:
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398:
1075:, Transactions of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Transactions, Volume III, J. Murray and Parbury, Allen & Co.,
469:(preserved in a single Sanskrit manuscript) which includes within it various passages from other Aśvaghoṣa works as well as the text of the
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524:, an extensive, beautifully written poetry that is critical of class and inequity imposed by Vedic religion. The relationship between the
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in the first century of our era. He was the most famous in a group of
Buddhist court writers, whose epics rivaled the contemporary
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Dan
Lusthaus, "Critical Buddhism and Returning to the Sources." Pages 30–55 of Jamie Hubbard, Paul Loren Swanson, editors,
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regarded as a virtue to read it in as much as it contained the noble doctrine in a neat compact form."
153:
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There are various works which have been attributed to Aśvaghoṣa which are of questionable authorship.
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of Hinduism has long been of interest to scholars. This interest among Western scholars began with
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A History of Indian Literature: Buddhist literature and Jaina literature, Vol 2 (in German)
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2019:
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8:
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Aśvaghoṣa was previously believed to have been the author of the influential East Asian
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Whereas much of Buddhist literature prior to the time of Aśvaghoṣa had been composed in
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3349:
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773:, Maming pusa zhuan 馬鳴菩薩傳, T.50.2046.183a, translated by Tripiṭaka Master Kumārajīva.
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672:
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in 1829, by a Buddhist friend of his, whose contents turned out to be similar to the
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E. B. Cowell (trans): Buddhist Mahâyâna Texts, "The Buddha-karita of Asvaghosha",
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999:
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587:
Doctrine and Practice in Medieval Korean Buddhism: The Collected Works of Ŭich'ŏn
307:
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The Benefit of Cooperation: Recovering the Śokavinodana Ascribed to Aśvaghoṣa
425:
412:
374:
363:
252:
126:
2012:
2002:
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643:"Literary History of Sanskrit Buddhism, Chapter 5: Asvaghosa and his School"
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1992:
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1733:
1309:
920:
Péter-Dániel Szántó; 松田 (Matsuda) 和信 (Kazunobu); Jens-Uwe Hartmann, 2022.
255:. It seems probable that he was the contemporary and spiritual adviser of
232:), was a Buddhist philosopher, dramatist, poet, musician, and orator from
144:
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3443:
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2569:
2352:
2160:
2088:
1868:
1698:
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215:
96:
3604:
2064:
760:, Berkeley CA: Numata Center for Translation and Research, pp. 9–16
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who was able to defeat all-comers in debate. He set a challenge to the
229:
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1575:
693:
The Sociology of Philosophies: A Global Theory of Intellectual Change.
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1944:
1917:
1910:
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1830:
1793:
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1422:
336:
3307:
2143:
1997:
1763:
1545:
1414:
1406:
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3664:
3619:
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3529:
3433:
3092:
2659:
2654:
2604:
2539:
2457:
2422:
2417:
2078:
1949:
1937:
1848:
1507:
1204:
487:
421:
383:
382:, which opens up the possibility he was affiliated with either the
359:
315:
261:
256:
248:
69:
49:
2649:
2639:
2624:
2447:
2317:
1585:
856:
J.K. Nariman: Literary History of Sanskrit Buddhism, Bombay 1919.
368:
100:
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2484:
2479:
2437:
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1982:
1885:
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1286:
840:, Berkeley, Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research.
343:
311:
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271:
241:
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2024:
310:, and preserved in that language, he was originally a wandering
267:
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2007:
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dramatist, and is considered the greatest Indian poet prior to
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period, and seems to have been ordained into a subsect of the
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2108:
1813:
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590:. University of Hawaii Press. 30 November 2016. p. 161.
537:
512:
441:
327:
233:
1089:
The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths
3659:
2452:
2118:
1615:
511:), but modern scholars agree that the text was composed in
850:
3317:
1853:
784:
Pruning the bodhi tree: the storm over critical Buddhism.
756:
Li Rongxi (2002). The Life of Asvaghosa Bodhisattva; in:
1013:
by Robert E. Buswell. University of Hawaii Press: 1990.
909:
Aśvaghoṣa as a Poet and a Dramatist: A Critical Study
298:
Aśvaghesa statue, Tây Phương Temple, Vietnam, 1794 CE
698:
479:Aśvaghoṣa has been claimed to be the author of the
358:It is now believed that Aśvaghoṣa was not from the
448:Aśvaghoṣa also wrote drama, and a fragment of his
977:(2 ed.). Indian Book Depot, Bombay. p.
614:Olivelle, Patrick; Olivelle, Suman, eds. (2005).
3842:
613:
27:2nd century Buddhist Indian poet and philosopher
342:Later, the central kingdom was besieged by the
709:. Lincolnwood: NTC Pub. Group. p. xviii.
372:poems have revealed that he may have used the
169:
1183:
378:as a textual reference, particularly for the
1965:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
729:
209:
1190:
1176:
1033:
786:University of Hawaii Press, 1997, page 33.
42:
3876:Ancient Indian dramatists and playwrights
1029:
1027:
695:Harvard University Press, 2000, page 220.
457:
838:Buddhacarita: In Praise of Buddha's Acts
723:
397:
293:
3152:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
1115:
967:
704:
620:. Oxford University Press. p. 24.
278:. He may have been associated with the
14:
3901:Indian male dramatists and playwrights
3843:
3355:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1024:
935:
771:Biography of the Bodhisattva Aśvaghoṣa
666:
540:who was loaned a Sanskrit text titled
518:Another text ascribed to Aśvaghoṣa is
247:He is believed to have been the first
1171:
1086:
971:Literary History of Sanskrit Buddhism
163:
640:
609:
607:
580:
578:
428:(Yijing) mentioned that in his time
1124:. Macmillan Reference USA. p.
836:Willemen, Charles, transl. (2009),
671:. United Kingdom: Delphi Classics.
24:
3886:Converts to Buddhism from Hinduism
3142:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
887:
797:The Origin of Buddhist Meditation.
496:Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana
331:become the disciple of the other.
25:
3927:
1143:
758:The Lives of Great Monks and Nuns
604:
575:
3823:
3813:
3812:
3370:Thai temple art and architecture
3115:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1355:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
1221:
1208:
1198:
1116:Buswell, Robert E., ed. (2004).
911:, p. 123. University of Burdwan.
824:, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1894.
366:. Some recent research into his
326:, so he travelled from northern
302:He is said to have been born in
1222:
1109:
1080:
1071:Brian Houghton Hodgson (1835),
1065:
1004:
985:
961:
929:
914:
901:
897:. Lahore: University of Panjab.
881:
869:
830:
814:
802:
789:
776:
730:Damien Keown (26 August 2004).
536:– a colonial official based in
174:; lit. "Having a Horse-Voice";
3360:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3162:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2242:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
1433:Places where the Buddha stayed
763:
750:
685:
660:
647:www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net
634:
204:
13:
1:
3375:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
1091:. Penguin Books. p. 35.
667:Cowell, Edward Byles (2018).
568:
219:
79:
3132:Buddhism and the Roman world
3108:Decline of Buddhism in India
3103:History of Buddhism in India
1203: Topics in
61:Poet, dramatist, philosopher
7:
3881:Indian scholars of Buddhism
2330:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2070:
1159:Works by or about Aśvaghoṣa
551:
145:
10:
3932:
3866:2nd-century Buddhist monks
3861:1st-century Buddhist monks
3280:The unanswerable questions
1011:Chinese Buddhist Apocrypha
945:Princeton University Press
907:Samir Kumar Datta (1979).
769:Stuart H. Young (trans.),
736:. OUP Oxford. p. 23.
669:Buddhacharita by Asvaghosa
465:One of these works is the
454:has survived in Sanskrit.
410:life of the Buddha called
218:with a Horse-Voice') (
3808:
3760:
3675:
3590:
3365:Buddhist temples in Korea
3288:
3190:
3073:
2770:
2698:
2525:
2398:
2338:
1973:
1928:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
1839:
1831:Three planes of existence
1779:
1624:
1516:
1446:
1438:Buddha in world religions
1300:
1245:
1217:
1073:Vajra Suchi by Asvaghosha
799:Routledge, 2007, page 26.
705:Coulson, Michael (1992).
473:(attributed to Aśvaghoṣa)
195:
179:
170:
121:
106:
88:
75:
65:
57:
41:
34:
3896:2nd-century Indian poets
3891:1st-century Indian poets
3147:Persecution of Buddhists
2368:Four stages of awakening
1749:Three marks of existence
1335:Physical characteristics
1120:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
941:The Legend of King Asoka
888:Johnston, E. H. (1928).
858:Aśvaghoṣa and his School
822:Sacred Books of the East
733:A Dictionary of Buddhism
393:
2510:Ten principal disciples
1393:(aunt, adoptive mother)
998:29 October 2013 at the
863:10 January 2011 at the
289:
3220:Buddhism and democracy
2733:Tibetan Buddhist canon
2728:Chinese Buddhist canon
1960:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
1955:Early Buddhist schools
1087:Dalal, Roshen (2010).
968:Nariman, J.K. (1923).
641:J.K., Nariman (1972).
534:Brian Houghton Hodgson
458:Other attributed works
403:
299:
165:[ˌɐɕʋɐˈɡʱoːʂɐ]
3911:Indian royal advisors
3230:Eight Consciousnesses
1340:Life of Buddha in art
528:text of Buddhism and
401:
297:
274:, Aśvaghoṣa wrote in
83: 1st century CE
3707:East Asian religions
3137:Buddhism in the West
2708:Early Buddhist texts
2323:Four Right Exertions
1789:Ten spiritual realms
1282:Noble Eightfold Path
530:Vajrasuchi Upanishad
3830:Religion portal
3577:Temple of the Tooth
3456:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
2495:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
1988:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
1771:Two truths doctrine
1591:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1391:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1150:Works by Aśvaghosha
563:Sanskrit literature
546:Vajrasuci Upanishad
406:Aśvaghoṣa wrote an
3752:Western philosophy
3350:Dzong architecture
3172:Vipassana movement
3167:Buddhist modernism
2595:Emperor Wen of Sui
2363:Pratyekabuddhayāna
2296:Threefold Training
2098:Vipassana movement
1814:Hungry Ghost realm
1634:Avidyā (Ignorance)
1581:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
1330:Great Renunciation
1325:Eight Great Events
1207:
617:Manu's Code of Law
451:Śāriputraprakaraṇa
418:Acts of the Buddha
404:
300:
276:Classical Sanskrit
3871:Indian male poets
3838:
3837:
3476:Om mani padme hum
3182:Women in Buddhism
3098:Buddhist councils
2968:Western countries
2756:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
2517:Shaolin Monastery
2094:Samatha-vipassanā
1704:Pratītyasamutpāda
1508:Metteyya/Maitreya
1426:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1255:Four Noble Truths
1154:Project Gutenberg
1035:Winternitz, Moriz
795:Alexander Wynne,
743:978-0-19-157917-2
716:978-0-8442-3825-8
691:Randall Collins,
597:978-0-8248-6743-0
509:Dàshéng Qǐxìn Lùn
240:, today known as
236:. He was born in
212:
188:slob dpon dpa' bo
180:སློབ་དཔོན་དཔའ་བོ།
141:
140:
16:(Redirected from
3923:
3906:Sanskrit writers
3828:
3827:
3816:
3815:
3655:Sacred languages
3503:Maya Devi Temple
3466:Mahabodhi Temple
3270:Secular Buddhism
3235:Engaged Buddhism
2075:
1923:Tibetan Buddhism
1874:Vietnamese Thiền
1473:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
1424:
1416:
1408:
1400:
1392:
1384:
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3323:Ordination hall
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3157:Buddhist crisis
3069:
2766:
2718:Mahayana sutras
2694:
2690:Thích Nhất Hạnh
2521:
2394:
2334:
2284:Bodhisattva vow
1969:
1835:
1775:
1734:Taṇhā (Craving)
1669:Five hindrances
1620:
1512:
1442:
1296:
1241:
1213:
1196:
1146:
1136:
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1107:
1106:
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1009:
1005:
1000:Wayback Machine
990:
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974:
966:
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955:
947:. p. 108.
937:Strong, John S.
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894:
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865:Wayback Machine
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554:
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420:) in classical
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292:
226:
222:
160:
146:
82:
53:
48:Aśvaghoṣa as a
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3929:
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3396:
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3390:
3389:
3387:Greco-Buddhist
3379:
3378:
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3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3338:Burmese pagoda
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3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3120:Greco-Buddhism
3117:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3077:
3071:
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3053:United Kingdom
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2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2774:
2768:
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2764:
2762:Abhidharmadīpa
2759:
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2715:
2710:
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2680:B. R. Ambedkar
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2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
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2627:
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2600:Songtsen Gampo
2597:
2592:
2587:
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2577:
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2567:
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2292:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2279:Eight precepts
2276:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2158:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2067:
2057:
2052:
2050:Five Strengths
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1990:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1845:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1791:
1785:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1689:Mental factors
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1630:
1628:
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1613:
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1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1541:Mahamoggallāna
1538:
1533:
1528:
1522:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1456:Avalokiteśvara
1452:
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1444:
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1435:
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1412:
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1234:
1229:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1156:
1145:
1144:External links
1142:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1098:978-0143415176
1097:
1079:
1064:
1050:978-8120802650
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558:Sanskrit drama
553:
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436:He also wrote
395:
392:
291:
288:
154:transliterated
139:
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123:
119:
118:
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93:Sanskrit drama
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3592:Miscellaneous
3589:
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3582:Vegetarianism
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3405:
3404:Buddha in art
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3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3376:
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3329:
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3064:
3061:
3059:
3058:United States
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3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2615:Padmasambhava
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2527:Major figures
2524:
2518:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2473:Western tulku
2471:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2274:Five precepts
2272:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2252:Dhamma vicaya
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
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127:Buddhacharita
124:
122:Notable works
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45:
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33:
30:
19:
3770:Bodhisattvas
3690:Christianity
3685:Baháʼí Faith
3550:Dharmachakra
3540:Prayer wheel
3530:Prayer beads
3298:Architecture
3177:969 Movement
2961:Saudi Arabia
2939:Central Asia
2932:South Africa
2754:
2737:
2670:Panchen Lama
2575:Buddhapālita
2544:
2171:Satipatthana
2166:Mindful Yoga
2079:Recollection
1993:Brahmavihara
1864:Japanese Zen
1859:Chinese Chan
1819:Animal realm
1626:Key concepts
1448:Bodhisattvas
1260:Three Jewels
1119:
1110:Bibliography
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481:Sutralankara
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471:Śokavinodana
470:
467:Tridaṇḍamālā
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284:Mahasanghika
280:Sarvāstivāda
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156:
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142:
136:Sutralankara
135:
131:
125:
115:Mahāsāṃghika
111:Sarvāstivāda
29:
3856:150s deaths
3615:Dharma talk
3444:Asalha Puja
3240:Eschatology
3043:Switzerland
3023:New Zealand
2951:Middle East
2860:Philippines
2780:Afghanistan
2585:Bodhidharma
2570:Buddhaghosa
2490:Householder
2400:Monasticism
2353:Bodhisattva
2208:Prostration
2161:Mindfulness
2089:Anapanasati
2072:Kammaṭṭhāna
1869:Korean Seon
1809:Asura realm
1804:Human realm
1744:Ten Fetters
1699:Parinirvana
1601:Uppalavanna
1566:Mahākaccana
1551:Mahākassapa
1483:Kṣitigarbha
1478:Ākāśagarbha
1375:Suddhodāna
1320:Four sights
1247:Foundations
652:24 December
542:Vajra Suchi
490:text named
424:. The monk
388:Sautrantika
337:r̥ddhipādāḥ
216:Bodhisattva
205:Mǎmíng púsà
157:Ashvaghosha
97:epic poetry
3851:80s births
3845:Categories
3732:Psychology
3712:Gnosticism
3700:Comparison
3695:Influences
3677:Comparison
3560:Bhavacakra
3518:Kushinagar
3493:Pilgrimage
3439:Māgha Pūjā
3394:Bodhi Tree
3210:Buddhology
3200:Abhidharma
3192:Philosophy
3125:Menander I
2993:Costa Rica
2944:Uzbekistan
2785:Bangladesh
2739:Dhammapada
2723:Pali Canon
2685:Ajahn Chah
2665:Dalai Lama
2565:Kumārajīva
2560:Vasubandhu
2535:The Buddha
2443:Zen master
2378:Sakadagami
2358:Buddhahood
2289:Pratimokṣa
2104:Shikantaza
2060:Meditation
2035:Deity yoga
1906:Madhyamaka
1799:Deva realm
1694:Mindstream
1644:Bodhicitta
1556:Aṅgulimāla
1423:Devadatta
1399:Yaśodharā
1302:The Buddha
1292:Middle Way
1021:. pgs 1–29
878:(Japanese)
569:References
526:Vajrasuchi
521:Vajrasuchi
360:Mahayanist
308:Kumārajīva
286:schools.
227: 150
225: – c.
58:Occupation
18:Asvaghosha
3800:Festivals
3780:Buddhists
3742:Theosophy
3545:Symbolism
3535:Hama yumi
3508:Bodh Gaya
3275:Socialism
3250:Evolution
3225:Economics
3063:Venezuela
2978:Australia
2973:Argentina
2897:Sri Lanka
2892:Singapore
2810:Indonesia
2772:Countries
2713:Tripiṭaka
2675:Ajahn Mun
2550:Nagarjuna
2545:Aśvaghoṣa
2428:Anagārika
2423:Śrāmaṇerī
2418:Śrāmaṇera
2413:Bhikkhunī
2373:Sotāpanna
2262:Passaddhi
2203:Offerings
2178:Nekkhamma
2055:Iddhipada
1975:Practices
1945:Theravada
1918:Vajrayana
1911:Yogachara
1881:Pure Land
1794:Six Paths
1781:Cosmology
1561:Anuruddha
1536:Sāriputta
1526:Kaundinya
1518:Disciples
1493:Vajrapāṇi
1345:Footprint
1310:Tathāgata
1059:742450268
503:: 大乘起信論;
402:Aśvaghoṣa
223: 80
161:Sanskrit:
147:Aśvaghoṣa
52:patriarch
36:Aśvaghoṣa
3916:Brahmins
3818:Category
3747:Violence
3717:Hinduism
3665:Sanskrit
3620:Hinayana
3605:Amitābha
3565:Swastika
3434:Uposatha
3424:Holidays
3409:Calendar
3255:Humanism
3093:Kanishka
3083:Timeline
2907:Thailand
2875:Kalmykia
2870:Buryatia
2855:Pakistan
2840:Mongolia
2835:Maldives
2830:Malaysia
2795:Cambodia
2660:Shamarpa
2655:Nichiren
2605:Xuanzang
2540:Nagasena
2458:Rinpoche
2188:Pāramitā
2030:Devotion
1950:Navayana
1938:Dzogchen
1901:Nichiren
1849:Mahayana
1841:Branches
1719:Saṅkhāra
1468:Mañjuśrī
1425:(cousin)
1417:(cousin)
1385:(mother)
1377:(father)
1365:Miracles
1315:Birthday
1232:Glossary
1205:Buddhism
1037:(1920).
996:Archived
939:(1983).
861:Archived
707:Sanskrit
552:See also
488:Buddhist
422:Sanskrit
390:school.
384:Yogacara
316:Buddhist
262:Ramayana
257:Kanishka
253:Kālidāsa
249:Sanskrit
117:Buddhism
70:Sanskrit
66:Language
50:Mahayana
3795:Temples
3775:Buddhas
3737:Science
3727:Judaism
3722:Jainism
3640:Lineage
3600:Abhijñā
3570:Thangka
3513:Sarnath
3498:Lumbini
3419:Funeral
3414:Cuisine
3290:Culture
3265:Reality
3215:Creator
3205:Atomism
3075:History
3048:Ukraine
3008:Germany
2927:Senegal
2917:Vietnam
2845:Myanmar
2645:Shinran
2635:Karmapa
2610:Shandao
2580:Dignāga
2505:Śrāvaka
2485:Donchee
2480:Kappiya
2438:Sayadaw
2408:Bhikkhu
2383:Anāgāmi
2340:Nirvana
2306:Samadhi
2193:Paritta
2134:Tonglen
2129:Mandala
2084:Smarana
2065:Mantras
2013:Upekkha
1983:Bhavana
1933:Shingon
1886:Tiantai
1739:Tathātā
1729:Śūnyatā
1724:Skandha
1714:Saṃsāra
1709:Rebirth
1684:Kleshas
1674:Indriya
1576:Subhūti
1461:Guanyin
1415:Ānanda
1407:Rāhula
1287:Nirvana
1227:Outline
1161:at the
501:Chinese
426:I-tsing
386:or the
312:ascetic
304:Ayodhya
282:or the
272:Prakrit
242:Ayodhya
192:Chinese
176:Tibetan
171:अश्वघोष
152:, also
107:Subject
3790:Sutras
3785:Suttas
3650:Siddhi
3635:Koliya
3610:Brahmā
3525:Poetry
3471:Mantra
3461:Kasaya
3333:Pagoda
3313:Kyaung
3308:Vihāra
3303:Temple
3245:Ethics
3088:Ashoka
3038:Sweden
3033:Poland
3028:Norway
3018:Mexico
3003:France
2988:Canada
2983:Brazil
2922:Africa
2902:Taiwan
2865:Russia
2790:Bhutan
2750:Vinaya
2630:Naropa
2620:Saraha
2555:Asanga
2311:Prajñā
2220:Refuge
2183:Nianfo
2144:Tertön
2139:Tantra
2124:Ganana
2114:Tukdam
2040:Dhyāna
2008:Mudita
2003:Karuṇā
1896:Risshū
1891:Huayan
1824:Naraka
1764:Anattā
1759:Dukkha
1754:Anicca
1659:Dharma
1611:Channa
1546:Ānanda
1531:Assaji
1498:Skanda
1401:(wife)
1370:Family
1350:Relics
1275:Sangha
1270:Dharma
1265:Buddha
1132:
1095:
1057:
1047:
1017:
951:
844:
740:
713:
675:
624:
594:
505:pinyin
344:Kuṣāna
324:Dharma
238:Saketa
202::
200:pinyin
194::
76:Period
3762:Lists
3630:Kalpa
3625:Iddhi
3488:Music
3483:Mudra
3449:Vassa
3429:Vesak
3399:Budai
3345:Candi
3328:Stupa
3260:Logic
3013:Italy
2912:Tibet
2850:Nepal
2820:Korea
2815:Japan
2805:India
2800:China
2745:Sutra
2700:Texts
2650:Dōgen
2640:Hōnen
2625:Atiśa
2590:Zhiyi
2500:Achar
2468:Tulku
2463:Geshe
2448:Rōshi
2433:Ajahn
2388:Arhat
2348:Bodhi
2318:Vīrya
2235:Sacca
2230:Satya
2225:Sādhu
2213:Music
2156:Merit
2149:Terma
2109:Zazen
2045:Faith
1998:Mettā
1679:Karma
1639:Bardo
1606:Asita
1596:Khema
1586:Upāli
1571:Nanda
1409:(son)
1383:Māyā
1360:Films
1237:Index
975:(PDF)
895:(PDF)
538:Nepal
513:China
442:kāvya
394:Works
369:kavya
328:India
234:India
214:'
184:Wylie
101:kāvya
89:Genre
3660:Pāḷi
3645:Māra
3555:Flag
2956:Iran
2880:Tuva
2825:Laos
2453:Lama
2301:Śīla
2269:Śīla
2257:Pīti
2247:Sati
2198:Puja
2119:Koan
2025:Dāna
1616:Yasa
1503:Tārā
1130:ISBN
1093:ISBN
1055:OCLC
1045:ISBN
1015:ISBN
949:ISBN
842:ISBN
738:ISBN
711:ISBN
673:ISBN
654:2023
622:ISBN
592:ISBN
440:, a
408:epic
290:Life
270:and
268:Pāli
211:lit.
196:馬鳴菩薩
3382:Art
3318:Wat
1854:Zen
1152:at
993:PDF
979:177
810:PDF
492:The
244:.
113:or
3847::
2884:ru
1128:.
1126:35
1053:.
1026:^
943:.
645:.
606:^
577:^
515:.
507::
483:.
230:CE
220:c.
208:;
198:;
190:;
186::
182:,
178::
168:,
134:,
130:,
99:,
95:,
80:c.
2886:)
2882:(
2100:)
2096:(
1191:e
1184:t
1177:v
1138:.
1101:.
1061:.
981:.
957:.
746:.
719:.
681:.
656:.
630:.
600:.
499:(
475:.
416:(
264:.
159:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
