1232:
1406:
68:
3003:
536:
4187:
1314:, seized southern Annan. Tang troops working on garrison fortifications also revolted. From 803 to 863, local rebels killed or expelled no fewer than six protector-generals of Annan. In 820, Dương Thanh (Yang Qing) rebelled, seized Songping, and killed the protectorate general. Dương Thanh was unpopular due to his cruelty and put to death by the locals soon after, however the region continued to experience disorders for the next 16 years.
4199:
1357:, as well as others, submitted to Nanzhao. In 858, Nanzhao invaded Annan while the new jiedushi, Li Hu, killed the son of a chieftain who was implicated in a mutiny, further alienating powerful clans in Annan and causing them to defect to Nanzhao. While Nanzhao invaded in earnest, the Đỗ clan rebelled with 30,000 men. Then in early 863, Nanzhao and tribal allies took Songping after a bitter
1248:
at Liu's expense and did nothing to help him. Instead Feng established a fortified camp and sent envoys to the rebels telling them to kill their leader and join him. After Liu was killed, Feng abandoned Annan. Another general, Cao
Xuanjing, marched into Annan, put down the rebellion, and executed Đinh Kiến.
1247:
resisted. Liu Yanyou killed Lý. Đinh Kiến, one of Lý's compatriots, led the people against Yanyou and besieged him in
Songping. In the summer, the rebels took Songping and put Yanyou to death. A governor general, Feng Yuanchang, had earlier been called in to help Liu, but Feng hoped to gain influence
1280:
In 761, a
Japanese named Abe-no Nakamaro was given charge of the protectorate; his Chinese name was Zhao Heng. He had come to China from Japan in 717 at the age of nineteen to study and subsequently spent his life as an official of the empire. In 753 he had attempted to return to Japan, but his ship
1239:
In 676, jiedushi and governors of
Guangxi, Guangdong and Jiaozhou established a method of selecting local men for administrative positions. Every four years, the "southern selection" would choose aboriginal chiefs to be appointed to fill positions of the fifth degree and above. Taxation was more
1437:
the peoples of
Northern Vietnam had been noted for their common tattooing and cropped hair, wearing line ponchos, wielded wooden spears, and shot boneheaded arrows. They also sacrificed men to their agricultural gods. In the north, around Yongzhou
1259:
and proclaimed himself the "Swarthy
Emperor" or "Black Emperor" (Hắc Đẽ). His rebellion rallied people from 23 counties with "400,000 followers". Many were peasants who roamed the countryside, plundering food and other items. He also allied with
1281:
was struck by a storm and blown far to the south, where it eventually landed in Hoan. He immediately returned to the Tang capital, but gave up hope of returning to his homeland. A few years later he was sent back south as protector general.
1276:. Yang Zixu attacked Mai Thúc Loan by surprise and suppressed the rebellion in 723. The corpses of the Swarthy Emperor and his followers were piled up to form a huge mound and were left on public display to check further revolts.
1329:
after the Tang retaliated from 827-835. In 845, governor Wu Hun tried to get his troops to rebuild the city walls of
Songping but they rebelled and forced him to flee. The rebellion was put down. In 846 "barbarians" from Yunnan
1473:
that survived for about five centuries. Local women had large roles and status in religious life and society. Vietnamese temples and monasteries differed with
Chinese and other East Asian countries in their role as the
67:
1348:
In 854, the new
Jiedushi of Annan, Li Zhuo, provoked hostility with the mountain tribes by prohibiting the salt trade and killing powerful chieftains, resulting in the defection of prominent local leaders to
1231:
1500:
scholarly elites remained very relatively small. In 845, a Tang official reported to the throne that "Annan has produced no more than eight imperial officials; senior graduates have not exceeded ten."
1361:. There was general chaos as Nanzhao ravaged Annan, alienating the locals, and the balance of power see-sawed between Tang and Nanzhao forces. In 864, the experienced Tang general,
1240:
moderate than within the empire proper; the harvest tax was one-half the standard rate, an acknowledgement of the political problems inherent in ruling a non-Chinese population.
1272:
under general Yang Zixu, including a "multitude" of mountain tribesmen who had remained loyal to the Tang, marched directly along the coast, following the old road built by
857:
1425:
During the era of the Annan
Protectorate, the indigenous people living within its jurisdiction had no particular name. They were referred to in Chinese writing as the
369:
344:
1215:. The Annan Protectorate was renamed Zhennan Protectorate in 757. It was changed back to Annan Protectorate in 760. The Annan Protectorate came under attack from
2812:
3032:
4279:
2807:
1244:
1291:
In 767, a Javanese raiding fleet invaded Annan, besieging Songping, but were defeated by Tang marquis Zhang Boyi. In 785, chieftains of the Annamese,
1198:
850:
4234:
3377:
4224:
2888:
1453:
Revival of direct Tang control over Annan for two centuries resulted in a hybrid Tang-indigenous culture, political and legal structures. Local
535:
4229:
3115:
2845:
1300:
3044:
1926:
843:
3150:
3302:
4020:
2955:
1311:
3398:
72:
Map of the six major protectorates during the Tang dynasty. The Protectorate General to Pacify the South is marked as Annan (安南都护府).
4107:
3226:
3221:
2913:
2787:
1461:
until now. A large number of Chinese officers and soldiers were sent to Annan, some of whom married local women and settled down.
1325:
and seized 18 counties. These raiders, known as the barbarians of the "Nung Grottoes" (Yellow Grotto Barbarians), sought aid from
3231:
3204:
2883:
2797:
2768:
1910:
1904:
3322:
2918:
1916:
1405:
2540:
1496:
became the dynasty's official religion, four prominent Tang poets praised Buddhist masters who hailed from Annan. Indigenous
3178:
3163:
3078:
3022:
1457:
elites used Chinese script, and ordinary people and tribesmen adopted personal names and name styles that corresponding to
166:
1148:
formed from the annexation of this tributary kingdom in 111 BCE and it initially comprised the areas of modern Guangdong,
3002:
688:
4219:
3183:
2714:
2687:
1235:
Thanh Mai bell cast in 13th year of Zhēngyuán 貞元 (798), shows names of 243 Vietnamese men and women on its inscription.
2838:
2660:
2642:
2624:
2606:
2562:
3173:
1188:
1111:
17:
3068:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4244:
2980:
2928:
2923:
1343:
3088:
3039:
2744:
1268:, an unknown kingdom named Jinlin (“Gold Neighbor”) and other unnamed kingdoms. A Chinese army of 100,000 from
402:
2722:
1385:
The Tang conducted a campaign against local tribes in Annan in 874-879. In 877, troops deployed from Annan in
940:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4001:
3781:
3241:
2938:
2753:
906:
820:
416:
209:
81:
3920:
3327:
2864:
2831:
1571:
Protectorate governors (都護) are civilian governors of the Protectorate. Military administration is held by
1465:
thrived in Annan throughout the Tang era. Some of Chinese monks came and taught Chinese Buddhism in Annan.
4239:
3989:
3468:
3123:
2960:
2933:
2873:
833:
31:
3680:
1575:(Military commissioner). During rebellion and wartime, the two position can be held by the same person.
1501:
1197:
created the Jiaozhou Protectorate. In 627 the Jiaozhou Protectorate was put under the administration of
4177:
3560:
3199:
3103:
3098:
1476:
1145:
1334:) raided Annan. The new governor Pei Yuanyu counterattacked with soldiers from neighboring provinces.
1303:
rebelled, due to Chinese governor Gao Zhengping's doubling of taxes. Tang forces retook Annan in 791.
724:
3309:
1823:
1243:
In 687, the new governor of Annan, Liu Yanyou doubled the taxes. The indigenous peasants under chief
4068:
3741:
3281:
2908:
1879:
1179:
rule in northern Vietnam began in 622 after Qiu He, the Chinese warlord recognized Tang authority.
1805:
1793:
1393:, and forced the military commissioner Zeng Gun to flee north, ending de facto Chinese control in
555:
3711:
3530:
3139:
2554:
1775:
1723:
1414:
185:
126:
116:
1835:
1799:
1769:
4147:
3209:
3073:
3059:
2774:
1847:
1841:
1374:
1220:
1129:
1034:
712:
362:
307:
197:
42:
38:
2573:
1446:, mountains were the territories of the Huang (Ghwang) people or the "Grotto Barbarians", the
1026:). Annan was renamed to Zhennan for a brief period from 757 to 760 before reverting to Annan.
3691:
3455:
3354:
3349:
3158:
2893:
1273:
1256:
930:
121:
3717:
1829:
1757:
3216:
2992:
2878:
2782:
1787:
8:
4006:
3964:
3344:
3316:
2950:
2898:
2802:
1292:
1066:
1001:
954:
922:
898:
483:
1074:
772:
736:
652:
4126:
3434:
3339:
2975:
2970:
2903:
2737:
1921:
1480:, the village spiritual center, where village elders met. The famous Tang Chinese monk
1354:
784:
519:
1201:. In 679, the Annan Protectorate replaced the Jiaozhou Protectorate and was seated in
3897:
3885:
3759:
3419:
3236:
3168:
2985:
2710:
2683:
2656:
2638:
2620:
2602:
2558:
2536:
1358:
1107:
965:
664:
640:
349:
250:
143:
1663:
Li Xianggu 李象古 817–819 - killed by Yang Qing, who rebelled and killed by Gui Zhongwu
3953:
3855:
3385:
3295:
3265:
3017:
2965:
2792:
2585:
1512:. He succeeded on his second attempt and became a librarian at the imperial court.
1394:
1153:
1046:
981:
934:
926:
878:
808:
760:
700:
676:
528:
439:
1365:, led a counterattack that saw the defeat of Nanzhao forces in 866. He recaptured
1252:
1202:
1013:
616:
283:
99:
4157:
4152:
3289:
2945:
1615:
1458:
1434:
1296:
1052:
987:
970:
884:
4203:
4191:
4100:
3994:
3928:
3867:
3524:
3494:
3488:
3128:
2752:
1505:
1160:
1137:
460:
131:
1447:
1318:
796:
748:
497:
30:
This article is about the Tang protectorate. For the French protectorate, see
4213:
4080:
4049:
4035:
4028:
3903:
3861:
3819:
3548:
3506:
2730:
1481:
1470:
1125:
3934:
2589:
1390:
1370:
580:
103:
3945:
3632:
3620:
3608:
3518:
3448:
3442:
3412:
3133:
2854:
2757:
1817:
1781:
1497:
1194:
910:
446:
85:
4162:
4061:
4043:
3972:
3843:
3825:
3674:
3662:
3656:
3650:
3512:
3500:
3476:
3275:
3093:
3049:
3027:
1551:
1509:
1418:
1410:
1176:
1117:
929:
name Annan, which means "the Pacified South" or "to pacify the South", a
568:
4121:
4088:
3849:
3831:
3729:
3578:
3482:
3332:
1466:
1168:
1164:
933:
form of the full name, the "Protectorate General to Pacify the South" (
2823:
3735:
3699:
3668:
3614:
1454:
1269:
1172:
1141:
2576:[Studies on the phonetic history of the Annamite language].
3891:
3837:
3807:
3753:
3705:
3638:
3602:
3596:
3566:
3083:
2533:
Amid the Clouds and Mist China's Colonization of Guizhou, 1200–1700
1811:
1572:
1555:
1484:
mentioned six Vietnamese monks who went on pilgrimage to India and
1469:(d. 820), a prominent Chinese monk in Annan, brought a new sect of
1462:
1366:
1362:
1121:
1038:
4142:
4115:
4094:
3801:
3795:
3747:
3723:
3542:
3406:
3370:
3054:
1590:
1583:
1443:
1439:
1389:
mutinied. In 880, the army in Annan mutinied, taking the city of
1386:
1350:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1216:
1149:
1103:
1030:
1009:
918:
914:
628:
604:
523:
151:
89:
3909:
3958:
3873:
3789:
3590:
3584:
3536:
3391:
3270:
1741:
Zhang Yin 張茵 864 (de jure Jinglueshi, Annan invaded by Nanzhao)
1738:
Song Rong 宋戎 863 (de jure Jinglueshi, Annan invaded by Nanzhao)
1696:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1307:
1265:
1261:
1133:
1058:
1042:
993:
946:
890:
592:
147:
2698:
Tang China in Multi-Polar Asia: A History of Diplomacy and War
3879:
3813:
3644:
3626:
3572:
3554:
3427:
1751:
1559:
1518:
Now he manifests himself here to convert the people of Rinan.
1212:
1023:
1504:
was the only recorded student from Annan to have passed the
2574:"Études sur la phonétique historique de la langue annamite"
1763:
2301:
1219:
in 846 and the conflict lasted until 866, after which the
2499:
2477:
2475:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2673:, United States of America: The Florida State University
2424:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2359:
2357:
2267:
2265:
2168:
2166:
2009:
2007:
2005:
1990:
1534:
Flowers rise above the pond at the foot of the mountain.
2487:
2289:
2141:
2139:
2078:
2076:
2051:
2049:
2036:
2034:
1980:
1978:
1536:
The water in the streams is good for performing ritual,
1321:(Huang people), aided by raiders from Champa, attacked
4055:
The Five-Planet and Twenty-eight Constellation Deities
2472:
2460:
2448:
2337:
2214:
1524:
By the stream the fragrant branches are the standards,
1369:, the capital of Annan, and named the rebuilt capital
4175:
2551:
Việt Nam: a history from earliest time to the present
2405:
2393:
2381:
2369:
2354:
2325:
2313:
2277:
2262:
2250:
2238:
2226:
2190:
2178:
2163:
2151:
2124:
2100:
2088:
2061:
2019:
2002:
1963:
465:
451:
2436:
2202:
2136:
2112:
2073:
2046:
2031:
1975:
1951:
1337:
909:
and the southernmost administrative division of the
2709:, United States of America: Scarecrow Press, Inc.,
1939:
1041:in 866. Today the same area is sometimes known as
4211:
3378:Standard Design for Buddhist Temple Construction
2788:Yanran→Hanhai→Anbei→Zhenbei ("Pacify the North")
1526:The boulders on the mountaintop become his home.
1078:
917:of China from 679 to 866, located in modern-day
515:
502:
488:
2601:, Los Angeles: University of California Press,
2578:Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient
1522:He built a temple at the foot of the mountain.
2839:
2738:
2599:The Vermilion Bird: T'ang Images of the South
1206:
1084:
1050:
1017:
985:
938:
882:
851:
421:
407:
4280:Administrative divisions of the Tang dynasty
1927:Administrative divisions of the Tang dynasty
1544:Who one night crossed over the Tiger-stream,
964:In 679, the Annan Protectorate replaced the
3303:Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy
1745:
1538:The trees let him hang his clothes on them.
1033:in 864, the Annan Protectorate was renamed
2846:
2832:
2745:
2731:
1542:Not able to discuss the Buddha's doctrine.
1540:This disciple regrets that he is ignorant,
858:
844:
66:
3399:Great Tang Records on the Western Regions
1516:Formerly the Buddha was born in Tianzhu ,
1373:. He also renamed the region of Annan to
1226:
4108:Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era
3227:Protectorate General to Pacify the South
3222:Protectorate General to Pacify the North
1546:Amidst mountain fog under a lonely tree.
1404:
1230:
921:. An Nam, simplified to "Annam", is the
52:Protectorate General to Pacify the South
27:Province of the Tang and Wu Zhou dynasty
4235:Former commanderies of China in Vietnam
3232:Protectorate General to Pacify the East
3205:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
2853:
2754:Protectorates and Protectorates-General
2707:Historical Dictionary of Medieval China
2596:
2571:
2548:
2481:
2466:
2399:
2387:
2363:
2348:
2331:
2307:
2220:
2196:
2172:
2157:
2130:
2067:
2025:
2013:
1969:
1911:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
1905:Protectorate General to Pacify the East
1735:Cai Xi 蔡襲 862–863 (military Jinglueshi)
1400:
14:
4225:Former countries in Vietnamese history
4212:
2677:
2650:
2632:
2530:
2521:
2505:
2493:
2418:
2375:
2295:
2283:
2271:
2256:
2244:
2232:
2184:
2145:
2118:
2106:
2094:
2082:
2055:
2040:
1996:
1984:
1957:
1917:Southward expansion of the Han dynasty
2827:
2726:
2704:
2668:
2614:
2454:
2442:
2430:
2319:
2208:
1945:
1532:Creepers cover the cloud-high cliffs,
905:; "pacified south") was an
4230:Military history of the Tang dynasty
2695:
1566:
1182:
1116:The territory was conquered for the
1554:reflecting on the establishment of
1530:White monkeys listen to the sutras.
24:
2637:, University of California Press,
2535:, Harvard University Asia Center,
1417:-貞觀 (628), from Nhạn Tháp pagoda,
1132:, he declared its independence as
25:
4291:
1338:Rebellion, invasion, and renaming
4197:
4185:
3001:
1726:王式 858–860 (military Jinglueshi)
1409:Gold-gilded box contains sacred
1189:Third Era of Northern Domination
1144:). Jiaozhou was the Han dynasty
1112:First Era of Northern Domination
1077:. Locally, the area is known as
543:
534:
367:
342:
2597:Schafer, Edward Hetzel (1967),
2524:Sources of Vietnamese Tradition
2515:
1528:Blue doves practice meditation,
1344:Tang-Nanzhao conflicts in Annan
1128:. In the chaos surrounding the
1097:
2671:Vietnamese Buddhism in America
2655:, Cambridge University Press,
1508:in 816 in the Tang capital of
1207:
1085:
1018:
976:
503:
466:
452:
422:
408:
272:• Lý Tự Tiên's rebellion
13:
1:
4002:Islam during the Tang dynasty
3242:Gyerim Territory Area Command
2803:Dongyi ("Eastern Barbarians")
2705:Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009),
2700:. University of Hawaii Press.
2633:Taylor, Keith Weller (1983),
1932:
1854:
1029:After coming under attack by
3328:Six Steeds of Zhao Mausoleum
1380:
1306:In 803, a northern state of
1073:), the "eastern capital" of
1012:, with its seat situated in
210:Duhu (Protectorate-governor)
7:
3124:Department of State Affairs
2874:Transition from Sui to Tang
2678:Walker, Hugh Dyson (2012),
2653:A History of the Vietnamese
2617:Archäologie und Frühe Texte
2526:, Columbia University Press
1898:
968:Protectorate (Chinese:
167:Emperor of the Tang dynasty
32:Annam (French protectorate)
10:
4296:
3200:Tang dynasty in Inner Asia
2798:Andong ("Pacify the East")
2793:Annan ("Pacify the South")
2783:Beiting ("Northern Court")
2669:Thich, Quang Minh (2007),
2522:Dutton, George E. (2012),
1520:Free from all defilements,
1377:(lit. Peaceful Sea Army).
1341:
1186:
1101:
1092:
36:
29:
4220:Former provinces of China
4135:
4019:
3982:
3944:
3919:
3780:
3773:
3690:
3467:
3363:
3258:
3192:
3149:
3114:
3010:
2999:
2862:
2764:
1639:Gao Zhengping 高正平 790–791
1459:Vietnamese personal names
1051:
986:
969:
939:
883:
839:
832:
827:
564:7th century–258 BC
546:
542:
510:
496:
482:
477:
459:
445:
438:
433:
429:
415:
401:
396:
392:
387:
321:
317:
304:
296:• Nanzhao invasions
294:
280:
270:
260:
256:
246:
242:
232:
222:
218:
208:
204:
191:
179:
175:
165:
157:
139:
110:
95:
77:
65:
60:
50:
4069:Ten Computational Canons
3282:Three Hundred Tang Poems
3045:Administrative divisions
2813:Baoning ("Peacekeeping")
2769:Anxi ("Pacify the West")
2680:East Asia: A New History
2635:The Birth of the Vietnam
2531:Herman, John E. (2007),
1746:Administrative divisions
1630:Fu Liangjiao 輔良交 782–785
1589:Cui Xuanxin 崔玄信 (During
1255:rebelled in what is now
1089:), the "northern area".
1035:Jinghai Military Command
403:Traditional Chinese
3140:Secretariat-Chancellery
2961:Niu–Li factional strife
2696:Wang, Zhenping (2013).
2590:10.3406/befeo.1912.2713
2572:Maspero, Henri (1912).
2555:Oxford University Press
1708:Tian Zaiyou 田在宥 849–850
1666:Gui Zhongwu 桂仲武 819–820
1433:or the Annamese. Since
1429:(Wild Barbarians), the
1037:upon its reconquest by
417:Simplified Chinese
186:Emperor Gaozong of Tang
127:Tibeto-Burman languages
117:Austroasiatic languages
4275:9th century in Vietnam
4270:8th century in Vietnam
4265:7th century in Vietnam
4245:860s disestablishments
4021:Science and technology
3310:Huaisu's Autobiography
3210:Four Garrisons of Anxi
2976:Tang-Nanzhao conflicts
2914:Tang–Western Turks War
2884:Tang–Eastern Turks War
2615:Shing, Müller (2004),
1705:Pei Yuanyu 裴元裕 846–847
1675:Wang Chengbian 王承弁 822
1660:Pei Xingli 裴行立 813–817
1624:Wu Chongfu 烏崇福 777–782
1621:Zhang Boyi 張伯儀 767–777
1602:He Lüguang 何履光 749–751
1579:Liu Yanyou 劉延祐 681–687
1564:
1422:
1413:, made in 2nd year of
1289:
1236:
1227:List of notable events
1079:
1070:
1005:
958:
902:
489:
234:• 862–863 (last)
198:Emperor Yizong of Tang
43:Annam (disambiguation)
3456:Green Satchel Classic
3355:Thousand-Buddha Cliff
3350:Rongxian Giant Buddha
3323:Kashyapa & Ananda
3159:Ministry of Personnel
3069:Imperial examinations
2651:Taylor, K.W. (2013),
2549:Kiernan, Ben (2019).
1720:Li Hongfu 李弘甫 857–858
1678:Li Yuanxi 李元喜 822–826
1651:Zhang Zhou 張舟 806–810
1642:Zhao Chang 趙昌 791–802
1514:
1408:
1317:From 823 to 826, the
1278:
1234:
1221:Jinghai Army Jiedushi
907:imperial protectorate
111:Common languages
102:(La Thành, and later
82:Imperial protectorate
4260:9th century in China
4255:8th century in China
4250:7th century in China
3217:Beiting Protectorate
2993:Huang Chao Rebellion
2909:Tang–Tibet relations
2879:Xuanwu Gate Incident
1732:Wang Kuan 王寬 861–862
1582:Yang Min 楊敏 (During
1450:and the Ning clans.
1401:Culture and religion
132:Early Middle Chinese
55:安南都護府 (Ānnán Dūhùfǔ)
37:For other uses, see
4007:Chinese Manichaeism
3345:Leshan Giant Buddha
3317:Night-Shining White
3179:Ministry of Justice
3164:Ministry of Revenue
2951:An Lushan rebellion
2433:, pp. 209–211.
1672:Gui Zhongwu 820–822
1442:), near modern-day
1286:Keith Weller Taylor
1146:country subdivision
1124:after the death of
551:2879–2524 BC
484:Vietnamese alphabet
262:• Established
4240:679 establishments
4127:Woodblock printing
3990:Church of the East
3435:The Classic of Tea
3340:Dazu Rock Carvings
2971:Sweet Dew incident
2889:Tang–Xueyantuo War
2508:, p. 175-181.
2310:, p. 120-123.
1999:, p. 188-189.
1922:History of Vietnam
1714:Li Zhuo 李琢 853–855
1681:Han Yue 韓約 827–828
1654:Ma Zong 馬總 810–813
1648:Zhao Chang 804–806
1645:Pei Tai 裴泰 802–803
1627:Li Mengqiu 李孟秋 782
1614:Chao Heng 晁衡 (aka
1423:
1237:
1130:Chu–Han Contention
834:History of Vietnam
4171:
4170:
4015:
4014:
3898:Dongshan Liangjie
3886:Zhaozhou Congshen
3769:
3768:
3420:The Tale of Li Wa
3254:
3253:
3237:Ungjin Commandery
3184:Ministry of Works
3169:Ministry of Rites
3116:Three Departments
3074:Official headwear
2894:Goguryeo–Tang War
2821:
2820:
2777:
2542:978-0-674-02591-2
2457:, pp. 35–36.
1896:
1895:
1684:Zheng Chuo 鄭綽 831
1657:Zhang Mian 張勔 813
1633:Zhang Ying 張應 788
1591:Wu Zetian's reign
1584:Wu Zetian's reign
1567:List of governors
1488:in search of the
1211:) in present day
1183:Tang Protectorate
1008:), also known as
872:
871:
868:
867:
588:204–111 BC
576:257–179 BC
514:
513:
473:
472:
440:Standard Mandarin
383:
382:
379:
378:
375:
374:
355:
354:
251:Early Middle Ages
144:Mahayana Buddhism
122:Kra–Dai languages
16:(Redirected from
4287:
4202:
4201:
4200:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4181:
3954:Neo-Confucianism
3856:Baizhang Huaihai
3778:
3777:
3386:Empress Zhangsun
3361:
3360:
3296:A Palace Concert
3112:
3111:
3005:
2966:Changqing Treaty
2848:
2841:
2834:
2825:
2824:
2773:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2701:
2692:
2674:
2665:
2647:
2629:
2619:, Harrassowitz,
2611:
2593:
2568:
2545:
2527:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2496:, p. 18-19.
2491:
2485:
2479:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2422:
2416:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2352:
2346:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2298:, p. xxiii.
2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2269:
2260:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2092:
2086:
2080:
2071:
2065:
2059:
2053:
2044:
2038:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2011:
2000:
1994:
1988:
1982:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1859:
1858:
1729:Li Hu 李鄠 860–861
1562:
1395:Northern Vietnam
1287:
1257:Hà Tĩnh Province
1210:
1209:
1154:northern Vietnam
1088:
1087:
1082:
1056:
1055:
1021:
1020:
991:
990:
978:
973:
959:An Nam đô hộ phủ
944:
943:
888:
887:
860:
853:
846:
804:1887–1954
792:1839–1945
780:1804–1839
768:1428–1804
756:1407–1427
744:1400–1407
732:1054–1400
544:
538:
529:names of Vietnam
516:
506:
505:
492:
490:An Nam đô hộ phủ
469:
468:
455:
454:
431:
430:
425:
424:
411:
410:
385:
384:
371:
370:
359:
358:
346:
345:
339:
338:
323:
322:
70:
48:
47:
21:
18:Annam (province)
4295:
4294:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4285:
4284:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4198:
4196:
4186:
4184:
4176:
4172:
4167:
4158:Salt Commission
4153:Kaiyuan Tongbao
4131:
4011:
3978:
3940:
3915:
3765:
3686:
3681:Liêu Hữu Phương
3463:
3359:
3250:
3188:
3174:Ministry of War
3145:
3110:
3104:Turkic generals
3089:Imperial guards
3006:
2997:
2956:Qingshui Treaty
2946:Battle of Talas
2899:Baekje–Tang War
2858:
2852:
2822:
2817:
2808:Chanyu→Yunzhong
2760:
2751:
2717:
2690:
2663:
2645:
2627:
2609:
2565:
2543:
2518:
2513:
2512:
2504:
2500:
2492:
2488:
2480:
2473:
2465:
2461:
2453:
2449:
2441:
2437:
2429:
2425:
2417:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2386:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2362:
2355:
2347:
2338:
2330:
2326:
2322:, p. cxiv.
2318:
2314:
2306:
2302:
2294:
2290:
2282:
2278:
2270:
2263:
2255:
2251:
2243:
2239:
2231:
2227:
2219:
2215:
2207:
2203:
2195:
2191:
2183:
2179:
2171:
2164:
2156:
2152:
2144:
2137:
2129:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2105:
2101:
2093:
2089:
2081:
2074:
2066:
2062:
2054:
2047:
2039:
2032:
2024:
2020:
2012:
2003:
1995:
1991:
1983:
1976:
1968:
1964:
1956:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1901:
1857:
1748:
1711:Cui Geng 崔耿 852
1693:Tian Zao 田早 835
1616:Abe no Nakamaro
1605:Wang Zhijin 王知進
1596:Guang Chuke 光楚客
1569:
1563:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1506:classical exams
1502:Liêu Hữu Phương
1403:
1383:
1346:
1340:
1288:
1285:
1229:
1203:Songping County
1199:Lingnan Circuit
1191:
1185:
1136:and ruled from
1114:
1100:
1095:
1014:Songping County
915:Wu Zhou dynasty
864:
720:968–1054
600:111 BC – 40 AD
559:(mythological)
526:
478:Vietnamese name
467:An-nam Tu-hu-fu
368:
343:
310:
308:Jinghai circuit
297:
287:
273:
263:
235:
225:
224:• 684–687
194:
193:• 859–873
182:
181:• 649–683
90:Wu Zhou dynasty
73:
56:
53:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4293:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4207:
4206:
4194:
4169:
4168:
4166:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4101:Gautama Siddha
4098:
4092:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4025:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3986:
3984:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3962:
3950:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3932:
3929:Cheng Xuanying
3925:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3907:
3901:
3895:
3889:
3883:
3877:
3871:
3868:Yaoshan Weiyan
3865:
3859:
3853:
3847:
3841:
3835:
3829:
3823:
3817:
3811:
3805:
3799:
3793:
3786:
3784:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3745:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3709:
3703:
3696:
3694:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3678:
3672:
3666:
3660:
3654:
3648:
3642:
3636:
3630:
3624:
3618:
3612:
3606:
3600:
3594:
3588:
3582:
3576:
3570:
3564:
3558:
3552:
3546:
3540:
3534:
3528:
3525:Wang Changling
3522:
3516:
3510:
3504:
3498:
3492:
3486:
3480:
3473:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3367:
3365:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3325:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3273:
3268:
3262:
3260:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3239:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3151:Six Ministries
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3052:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2911:
2906:
2904:Silla–Tang War
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2870:
2868:
2860:
2859:
2851:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2828:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2775:Four Garrisons
2765:
2762:
2761:
2750:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2716:978-0810860537
2715:
2702:
2693:
2689:978-1477265161
2688:
2675:
2666:
2661:
2648:
2643:
2630:
2625:
2612:
2607:
2594:
2569:
2563:
2546:
2541:
2528:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2498:
2486:
2484:, p. 109.
2471:
2469:, p. 108.
2459:
2447:
2445:, p. 209.
2435:
2423:
2421:, p. 184.
2404:
2392:
2380:
2378:, p. 149.
2368:
2353:
2351:, p. 124.
2336:
2324:
2312:
2300:
2288:
2286:, p. 244.
2276:
2274:, p. 183.
2261:
2259:, p. 243.
2249:
2247:, p. 241.
2237:
2235:, p. 240.
2225:
2223:, p. 118.
2213:
2211:, p. 208.
2201:
2189:
2187:, p. 233.
2177:
2162:
2150:
2135:
2123:
2111:
2109:, p. 155.
2099:
2097:, p. 193.
2087:
2072:
2060:
2058:, p. 192.
2045:
2043:, p. 180.
2030:
2028:, p. 342.
2018:
2016:, p. 114.
2001:
1989:
1987:, p. 188.
1974:
1972:, p. 110.
1962:
1960:, p. 179.
1950:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1827:
1821:
1815:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1791:
1785:
1779:
1773:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1721:
1718:
1717:Song Ya 宋涯 857
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1690:Han Wei 韓威 834
1688:
1687:Liu Min 劉旻 833
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1669:Pei Xingli 820
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1636:Pang Fu 龐復 789
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1587:
1580:
1568:
1565:
1548:
1402:
1399:
1382:
1379:
1353:. The general
1342:Main article:
1339:
1336:
1283:
1228:
1225:
1187:Main article:
1184:
1181:
1161:Three Kingdoms
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
974:; pinyin:
870:
869:
866:
865:
863:
862:
855:
848:
840:
837:
836:
830:
829:
828:Main template
825:
824:
817:
813:
812:
805:
801:
800:
793:
789:
788:
781:
777:
776:
769:
765:
764:
757:
753:
752:
745:
741:
740:
733:
729:
728:
721:
717:
716:
709:
708:866–968
705:
704:
697:
696:766–866
693:
692:
685:
684:757–766
681:
680:
673:
672:679–757
669:
668:
661:
660:602–679
657:
656:
649:
648:544–602
645:
644:
637:
636:203–544
633:
632:
625:
621:
620:
613:
609:
608:
601:
597:
596:
589:
585:
584:
577:
573:
572:
565:
561:
560:
552:
548:
547:
540:
539:
532:
512:
511:
508:
507:
500:
494:
493:
486:
480:
479:
475:
474:
471:
470:
463:
457:
456:
449:
443:
442:
436:
435:
434:Transcriptions
427:
426:
419:
413:
412:
405:
399:
398:
394:
393:
390:
389:
381:
380:
377:
376:
373:
372:
365:
356:
353:
352:
347:
335:
334:
329:
319:
318:
315:
314:
311:
305:
302:
301:
298:
295:
292:
291:
288:
281:
278:
277:
274:
271:
268:
267:
264:
261:
258:
257:
254:
253:
248:
247:Historical era
244:
243:
240:
239:
236:
233:
230:
229:
226:
223:
220:
219:
216:
215:
212:
206:
205:
202:
201:
195:
192:
189:
188:
183:
180:
177:
176:
173:
172:
169:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
141:
137:
136:
135:
134:
129:
124:
119:
112:
108:
107:
97:
93:
92:
79:
75:
74:
71:
63:
62:
58:
57:
54:
51:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4292:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4205:
4195:
4193:
4183:
4182:
4179:
4174:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4134:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4110:
4109:
4105:
4104:
4103:(fl 714–724)
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4083:
4082:
4081:Xinxiu bencao
4078:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4070:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4051:
4050:Liang Lingzan
4048:
4045:
4042:
4038:
4037:
4036:Jigu Suanjing
4033:
4032:
4030:
4029:Wang Xiaotong
4027:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3974:
3971:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3943:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3904:Yunmen Wenyan
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
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3725:
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3718:Viśa Īrasangä
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3698:
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3598:
3595:
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3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3549:Liu Changqing
3547:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3507:Zhang Jiuling
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3472:
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3408:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3396:
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3329:
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3319:
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3307:
3305:
3304:
3300:
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3257:
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3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:Protectorates
3191:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3141:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3105:
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3097:
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3087:
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3081:
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3070:
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3043:
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3034:
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3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3004:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2984:
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2979:
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2869:
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2849:
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2842:
2837:
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2826:
2814:
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2809:
2806:
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2801:
2799:
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2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2776:
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2767:
2766:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2748:
2743:
2741:
2736:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2718:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2685:
2681:
2676:
2672:
2667:
2664:
2662:9780520074170
2658:
2654:
2649:
2646:
2644:9780520074170
2640:
2636:
2631:
2628:
2626:9783447050609
2622:
2618:
2613:
2610:
2608:9780520011458
2604:
2600:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2580:(in French).
2579:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2564:9780190053796
2560:
2556:
2552:
2547:
2544:
2538:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2519:
2507:
2502:
2495:
2490:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2468:
2463:
2456:
2451:
2444:
2439:
2432:
2427:
2420:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2402:, p. 51.
2401:
2396:
2390:, p. 50.
2389:
2384:
2377:
2372:
2366:, p. 53.
2365:
2360:
2358:
2350:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2334:, p. 68.
2333:
2328:
2321:
2316:
2309:
2304:
2297:
2292:
2285:
2280:
2273:
2268:
2266:
2258:
2253:
2246:
2241:
2234:
2229:
2222:
2217:
2210:
2205:
2199:, p. 67.
2198:
2193:
2186:
2181:
2175:, p. 66.
2174:
2169:
2167:
2160:, p. 65.
2159:
2154:
2148:, p. 41.
2147:
2142:
2140:
2133:, p. 64.
2132:
2127:
2121:, p. 40.
2120:
2115:
2108:
2103:
2096:
2091:
2085:, p. 39.
2084:
2079:
2077:
2070:, p. 63.
2069:
2064:
2057:
2052:
2050:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2027:
2022:
2015:
2010:
2008:
2006:
1998:
1993:
1986:
1981:
1979:
1971:
1966:
1959:
1954:
1948:, p. 44.
1947:
1942:
1938:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1892:
1889:
1886:
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1881:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
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1828:
1825:
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1801:
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1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1702:Wu Hun 武渾 843
1701:
1698:
1695:
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1629:
1626:
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1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1599:Xin Ziyan 辛子言
1598:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1561:
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1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1472:
1471:Chan Buddhism
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1420:
1416:
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1313:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1253:Mai Thúc Loan
1249:
1246:
1241:
1233:
1224:
1223:was created.
1222:
1218:
1214:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1190:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1126:Qin Shi Huang
1123:
1119:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1090:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1054:
1048:
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1036:
1032:
1027:
1025:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
989:
983:
979:
972:
967:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
942:
936:
932:
928:
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920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
886:
880:
876:
861:
856:
854:
849:
847:
842:
841:
838:
835:
831:
826:
823:
822:
818:
815:
814:
811:
810:
806:
803:
802:
799:
798:
794:
791:
790:
787:
786:
782:
779:
778:
775:
774:
770:
767:
766:
763:
762:
758:
755:
754:
751:
750:
746:
743:
742:
739:
738:
734:
731:
730:
727:
726:
722:
719:
718:
715:
714:
713:Tĩnh Hải quân
710:
707:
706:
703:
702:
698:
695:
694:
691:
690:
686:
683:
682:
679:
678:
674:
671:
670:
667:
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662:
659:
658:
655:
654:
650:
647:
646:
643:
642:
638:
635:
634:
631:
630:
626:
624:43–203
623:
622:
619:
618:
614:
611:
610:
607:
606:
602:
599:
598:
595:
594:
590:
587:
586:
583:
582:
578:
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571:
570:
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563:
562:
558:
557:
553:
550:
549:
545:
541:
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491:
487:
485:
481:
476:
464:
462:
458:
450:
448:
444:
441:
437:
432:
428:
420:
418:
414:
406:
404:
400:
395:
391:
386:
366:
364:
363:Tĩnh Hải quân
361:
360:
357:
351:
348:
341:
340:
337:
336:
333:
330:
328:
325:
324:
320:
316:
312:
309:
303:
299:
293:
289:
286:'s rebellion
285:
284:Mai Thúc Loan
279:
275:
269:
265:
259:
255:
252:
249:
245:
241:
237:
231:
227:
221:
217:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
196:
190:
187:
184:
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133:
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125:
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120:
118:
115:
114:
113:
109:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
83:
80:
76:
69:
64:
59:
49:
44:
40:
33:
19:
4173:
4106:
4079:
4067:
4054:
4034:
3946:Confucianism
3931:(fl 631–655)
3810:(fl 602–664)
3633:Niu Yingzhen
3609:Liu Zongyuan
3454:
3449:Yang Yunsong
3443:Du Guangting
3433:
3418:
3413:Bai Xingjian
3397:
3376:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3294:
3290:Playing card
3280:
2919:Oasis states
2855:Tang dynasty
2758:Tang dynasty
2706:
2697:
2679:
2670:
2652:
2634:
2616:
2598:
2581:
2577:
2550:
2532:
2523:
2516:Bibliography
2501:
2489:
2482:Kiernan 2019
2467:Kiernan 2019
2462:
2450:
2438:
2426:
2400:Schafer 1967
2395:
2388:Schafer 1967
2383:
2371:
2364:Schafer 1967
2349:Kiernan 2019
2332:Schafer 1967
2327:
2315:
2308:Kiernan 2019
2303:
2291:
2279:
2252:
2240:
2228:
2221:Kiernan 2019
2216:
2204:
2197:Schafer 1967
2192:
2180:
2173:Schafer 1967
2158:Schafer 1967
2153:
2131:Schafer 1967
2126:
2114:
2102:
2090:
2068:Schafer 1967
2063:
2026:Schafer 1967
2021:
2014:Kiernan 2019
1992:
1970:Kiernan 2019
1965:
1953:
1941:
1608:Kang Qian 康謙
1570:
1515:
1498:Confucianist
1475:
1452:
1430:
1426:
1424:
1384:
1347:
1316:
1305:
1290:
1279:
1250:
1242:
1238:
1195:Tang dynasty
1192:
1158:
1115:
1098:Predecessors
1065:;
1062:
1057:;
1028:
1000:;
997:
992:;
975:
963:
953:;
951:Ānnán Dūhùfǔ
950:
945:;
925:form of the
911:Tang dynasty
897:;
894:
889:;
874:
873:
819:
816:1945–
807:
795:
783:
771:
759:
747:
735:
723:
711:
699:
687:
675:
663:
651:
639:
627:
615:
612:40–43
603:
591:
579:
567:
554:
453:Ānnán Dūhùfǔ
447:Hanyu Pinyin
397:Chinese name
332:Succeeded by
331:
326:
86:Tang dynasty
4163:Flying cash
4062:Li Chunfeng
4044:Xu Jingzong
3995:Xi'an Stele
3973:Kong Yingda
3844:Amoghavajra
3675:Du Qiuniang
3663:Mo Xuanqing
3657:Li Shangyin
3651:Wen Tingyun
3513:Meng Haoran
3501:He Zhizhang
3495:Chen Zi'ang
3477:Luo Binwang
3134:Chancellery
3129:Secretariat
3094:Shence Army
3050:Jimi system
3033:Family tree
2506:Taylor 1983
2494:Dutton 2012
2419:Walker 2012
2376:Taylor 1983
2296:Dutton 2012
2284:Taylor 1983
2272:Walker 2012
2257:Taylor 1983
2245:Taylor 1983
2233:Taylor 1983
2185:Taylor 1983
2146:Taylor 2013
2119:Taylor 2013
2107:Taylor 1983
2095:Taylor 1983
2083:Taylor 2013
2056:Taylor 1983
2041:Walker 2012
1997:Taylor 1983
1985:Taylor 1983
1958:Walker 2012
1611:Dou Meng 竇蒙
1552:Shen Quanqi
1492:. Although
1448:Nùng people
1375:Jinghai Jun
1319:Nung people
1193:In 624 the
1175:in 222 CE.
1167:split from
1159:During the
1118:Qin dynasty
725:Đại Cồ Việt
327:Preceded by
4214:Categories
4122:Toothbrush
4089:Sun Simiao
4064:(602–670)
4031:(580–640)
3935:Lü Dongbin
3850:Mazu Daoyi
3832:Vajrabodhi
3730:Zhang Xuan
3579:Wei Yingwu
3483:Du Shenyan
3430:(733–804)
3415:(776–826)
3373:(596–667)
3333:Autumn Dew
3040:Chancellor
3011:Government
2455:Thich 2007
2443:Shing 2004
2431:Shing 2004
2320:Xiong 2009
2209:Shing 2004
1946:Xiong 2009
1933:References
1871:Population
1868:Households
1855:Population
1836:Wudingzhou
1699:馬植 836–840
1467:Wu Yantong
1297:Phùng Hưng
1293:Đỗ Anh Hàn
1245:Lý Tự Tiên
1169:Liangguang
1165:Eastern Wu
1067:Vietnamese
1022:) (modern
1002:Vietnamese
955:Vietnamese
923:Vietnamese
899:Vietnamese
809:Đông Dương
461:Wade–Giles
306:• To
228:Liu Yanyou
158:Government
4118:(730–805)
4097:(683–727)
4046:(592-672)
3975:(574–648)
3967:(772–841)
3961:(768–824)
3906:(862–949)
3900:(807–869)
3888:(778–897)
3882:(770–860)
3876:(746–805)
3870:(745–827)
3864:(730–790)
3858:(720–814)
3852:(709–788)
3846:(705–774)
3840:(688–763)
3834:(671–741)
3828:(638–689)
3822:(635–713)
3816:(632–682)
3804:(613–681)
3798:(562–645)
3792:(549–623)
3756:(855–915)
3750:(832–912)
3744:(730–780)
3742:Zhou Fang
3738:(723–787)
3736:Han Huang
3732:(713–755)
3726:(706–783)
3714:(699–759)
3708:(680–760)
3702:(600–673)
3700:Yan Liben
3671:(840–868)
3669:Yu Xuanji
3659:(813–858)
3653:(812–866)
3647:(803–852)
3629:(790–817)
3617:(779–831)
3615:Yuan Zhen
3611:(773–819)
3605:(772–846)
3599:(772–842)
3593:(768–824)
3587:(739–799)
3581:(737–792)
3575:(722–789)
3569:(715–770)
3563:(712–779)
3557:(712–770)
3551:(709–785)
3545:(704–765)
3539:(701–762)
3533:(699–759)
3527:(698–756)
3521:(690–751)
3515:(689–740)
3509:(673–740)
3503:(659–744)
3497:(656–702)
3491:(650–676)
3485:(645–708)
3479:(619–684)
3451:(9th c.)
3445:(850–933)
3409:(751–762)
3394:(7th c.)
3388:(601–636)
3099:Shumiyuan
2924:Karakhoja
2863:History (
1848:Sumaozhou
1806:Liangzhou
1794:Changzhou
1618:) 761–767
1455:sinicized
1435:antiquity
1381:Aftermath
1355:Lý Do Độc
1270:Guangdong
1173:Guangzhou
1142:Guangzhou
1071:Đông Kinh
665:Giao Châu
641:Giao Châu
140:Religion
4091:(d. 682)
4076:Su Jing
3912:(9th c.)
3894:(8th c.)
3892:Zhisheng
3838:Jianzhen
3808:Xuanzang
3782:Buddhism
3774:Religion
3762:(9th c.)
3754:Jing Hao
3720:(7th c.)
3712:Wang Wei
3706:Wu Daozi
3692:Painters
3683:(9th c.)
3677:(9th c.)
3641:(8th c.)
3639:Zhang Xu
3635:(8th c.)
3623:(d. 784)
3603:Bai Juyi
3597:Liu Yuxi
3567:Cen Shen
3561:Zhang Ji
3531:Wang Wei
3084:Jiedushi
3079:Military
2986:Songping
2939:Conquest
2929:Karasahr
2865:Timeline
1907:(Andong)
1899:See also
1890:299,377
1884:740-742
1874:Sources
1842:Tangzhou
1830:Gongzhou
1818:Fuluzhou
1812:Wuanzhou
1782:Shanzhou
1770:Fengzhou
1764:Huanzhou
1752:Jiaozhou
1724:Wang Shi
1573:Jiedushi
1556:Buddhism
1549:—
1510:Chang'an
1463:Buddhism
1427:Wild Man
1415:Zhenguan
1367:Songping
1363:Gao Pian
1323:Yongzhou
1312:Huanwang
1301:Phùng An
1284:—
1251:In 722,
1140:(modern
1122:Zhao Tuo
1108:Jiaozhou
1075:Đại Việt
1063:Dōngjīng
1039:Gao Pian
1006:Giao Chỉ
977:Jiāozhōu
966:Jiaozhou
821:Việt Nam
785:Việt Nam
773:Đại Việt
761:Giao Chỉ
737:Đại Việt
689:Trấn Nam
653:Vạn Xuân
629:Giao Chỉ
617:Lĩnh Nam
605:Giao Chỉ
593:Nam Việt
569:Văn Lang
556:Xích Quỷ
350:Jiaozhou
161:Monarchy
100:Songping
4204:History
4192:Vietnam
4178:Portals
4148:Liu Yan
4143:Diwu Qi
4136:Economy
4116:Jia Dan
4095:Yi Xing
3937:(796-?)
3802:Shandao
3796:Daochuo
3760:Sun Wei
3748:Guanxiu
3724:Han Gan
3665:(834-?)
3543:Gao Shi
3489:Wang Bo
3407:Du Huan
3371:Daoxuan
3364:Writers
3259:Culture
3055:Fanzhen
3018:Emperor
2756:of the
1887:75,839
1880:Kāiyuán
1824:Wuezhou
1800:Junzhou
1788:Yanzhou
1444:Guangxi
1440:Nanning
1419:Nghệ An
1387:Guangxi
1351:Nanzhao
1332:Nanzhao
1327:Nanzhao
1274:Ma Yuan
1217:Nanzhao
1150:Guangxi
1104:Jiaozhi
1093:History
1047:Chinese
1031:Nanzhao
1010:Jiaozhi
998:Jiāozhǐ
982:Chinese
935:Chinese
931:clipped
927:Chinese
919:Vietnam
879:Chinese
797:Đại Nam
749:Đại Ngu
524:Vietnam
520:History
498:Chữ Hán
300:864–866
282:•
152:Animism
96:Capital
84:of the
61:679–866
3959:Han Yu
3921:Taoism
3874:Huiguo
3862:Wukong
3820:Yijing
3790:Jizang
3591:Han Yu
3585:Lu Lun
3537:Li Bai
3392:Bianji
3276:Poetry
3271:Sancai
2857:topics
2713:
2686:
2659:
2641:
2623:
2605:
2561:
2539:
1913:(Anxi)
1862:Period
1776:Luzhou
1758:Aizhou
1697:Ma Zhi
1494:Daoism
1490:Dharma
1486:Ceylon
1482:Yijing
1411:Śarīra
1391:Đại La
1371:Đại La
1308:Champa
1266:Chenla
1262:Champa
1152:, and
1134:Nanyue
1102:Main:
1080:Bắc Kỳ
1059:pinyin
1043:Tonkin
994:pinyin
947:pinyin
903:An Nam
891:pinyin
701:An Nam
677:An Nam
581:Âu Lạc
238:Cai Xi
214:
200:(Last)
171:
148:Taoism
104:Đại La
78:Status
3983:Other
3965:Li Ao
3880:Puhua
3814:Kuiji
3645:Du Mu
3627:Li He
3621:Li Ye
3573:Li Bi
3555:Du Fu
3519:Li Qi
3469:Poets
3428:Lu Yu
3060:Hebei
3028:House
2981:Annan
2934:Kucha
2584:(1).
1850:(蘇茂州)
1838:(武定州)
1826:(武峨州)
1820:(福祿州)
1814:(武安州)
1560:Rinan
1359:siege
1213:Hanoi
1163:era,
1138:Panyu
1024:Hanoi
941:安南都護府
895:Ānnán
875:Annan
504:安南都護府
423:安南都护府
409:安南都護府
388:Annan
39:Annan
3910:Gikū
3826:Faru
3023:List
2711:ISBN
2684:ISBN
2657:ISBN
2639:ISBN
2621:ISBN
2603:ISBN
2559:ISBN
2537:ISBN
1865:Year
1844:(湯州)
1832:(貢州)
1808:(諒州)
1802:(郡州)
1796:(長州)
1790:(演州)
1784:(山州)
1778:(陸州)
1772:(峰州)
1766:(驩州)
1760:(愛州)
1754:(交州)
1477:đình
1299:and
1264:and
1177:Tang
913:and
527:(by
88:and
41:and
3266:Art
2586:doi
1558:in
1208:宋平縣
1171:as
1120:by
1019:宋平縣
980:) (
961:).
522:of
313:866
290:722
276:687
266:679
4216::
2682:,
2582:12
2557:.
2553:.
2474:^
2407:^
2356:^
2339:^
2264:^
2165:^
2138:^
2075:^
2048:^
2033:^
2004:^
1977:^
1431:Li
1397:.
1310:,
1295:,
1156:.
1110:,
1106:,
1086:北圻
1069::
1061::
1053:東京
1049::
1004::
996::
988:交趾
984::
971:交州
957::
949::
937::
901::
893::
885:安南
881::
531:)
150:,
146:,
4180::
3142:)
3138:(
2867:)
2847:e
2840:t
2833:v
2746:e
2739:t
2732:v
2592:.
2588::
2567:.
1593:)
1586:)
1438:(
1421:.
1330:(
1205:(
1083:(
1045:(
1016:(
877:(
859:e
852:t
845:v
106:)
45:.
34:.
20:)
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