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798:, expelling them Portugal. Senyavin's squadron of seven ships of the line and one frigate were left face to face with fifteen British ships of the line and ten frigates. Senyavin maintained his neutrality, threatening to blow up his ships and destroy Lisbon in the case of an attack made against his squadron. Eventually, he signed a convention with Admiral
833:, argued that the convention was "disreputable for Britain's prestige", which many in the Admiralty agreed with. Senyavin's squadron was therefore detained in Portsmouth under various pretexts until winter, when the weather made their return to the Baltic impossible. The authorities in Portsmouth insisted that unless Senyavin's squadron sailed to
1088:
commanded the boats and succeeded in capturing gunboats Nos. 62, 65, and 66, and the transport brig No. 11. The action was sanguinary in that the
British lost 19 men killed and 51 wounded, and the Russians lost 28 men killed and 59 wounded. In 1847 the Admiralty issued the Naval General Service Medal
1268:
Alexander I kept Russia as neutral as possible in the ongoing French war with
Britain. He allowed Russians to continue secretly to trade with Britain and did not enforce the blockade required by Continental System. In 1810, he withdrew Russia from the Continental System and trade between Britain and
660:
in
September 1807. He did not actively prosecute the war; Alexander instead restricted Russia's contribution to the bare requirement to close off trade. The British, understanding his position, limited their military response to the declaration. However, there were a few notable incidents.
669:
The official news did not arrive in
Britain until 2 December, at which point the British authorities declared an embargo on all Russian vessels in British-controlled ports. The crews of approximately 70 British ships profited from the seizure of the 44-gun Russian frigate
1100:
to Russia. Sweden sued for peace with France in 1810 and then formally joined the blockade against
Britain as required by the Continental System, although in practice did little to enforce it. Sweden kept trading with Britain and the Royal Navy kept using Swedish ports.
1000:
Vice-Admiral
Saumerez with his entire squadron joined the Anglo-Swedish squadron the next day. They then blockaded Khanykov's squadron for some months. After the British and the Swedes abandoned the blockade, the Russian fleet was able to return to Kronstadt.
1282:
With war imminent between France and Russia, Alexander started to prepare the ground diplomatically. In April 1812 Russia and Sweden signed an agreement for mutual defence. A month later
Alexander secured his southern flank by the
789:
Senyavin, placed in a delicate diplomatic position, proceeded to distinguish himself as a diplomat. He declared himself neutral and managed to protect his ships from seizure. In August 1808, British forces under the command of
644:, strengthening economic ties between the different countries in Europe under French domination. Napoleon's objective was to close one of Britain's most important markets and thus force it economically into submission.
1795:
The naval gazetteer, biographer, and chronologist; containing a history of the late wars, from their commencement in 1793 to their final conclusion in 1815; and continued, as to the biographical part, to the present
810:, with the Russians still flying their flags. Moreover, Senyavin was to assume supreme command of the joint Anglo-Russian fleet, as he was higher in rank than Cotton. Two ships of Senyavin's squadron,
857:, a close ally of Britain, in 1808. But it was unlikely related to Britain and the Treaty, as the two countries already were at odds at the time. The Royal Navy supported the Swedish navy during the
1275:
became progressively worse after 1810. By 1811, it became clear that
Napoleon was not keeping to his side of the terms of the Treaty of Tilsit. He had promised assistance to Russia in its
1763:, Containing a general and biographical history of the royal navy of the United kingdom with a variety of original papers on nautical subjects (), vol. 19, London: J. Gold, p.
1244:, several British officers, who were part of Sir John Malcolm's 1809 embassy to Persia, remained in Persia and provided training to the reforming Persian army. One of the officers,
1049:
1117:, leading the British to expand their trade embargo to Russian waters and to forays by the British navy northwards into the Barents Sea. The navy conducted raids on
560:
1215:
1067:
1010:
640:
The terms of the treaty obliged Russia to cease her maritime trade with Great
Britain. This closure was a part of Napoleon's continuing efforts to establish the
1883:
335:
1185:
1181:
reported that this was the first
British engagement in Russian territory, news of the actions on Kildin Island either being subsumed or overlooked.
598:, which ended hostilities between the two nations. During the war, actual military engagements were limited primarily to minor naval actions in the
284:
17:
1775:, The Greenwood Encyclopedia of International Relations, Cathal, vol. 4 (illustrated ed.), Greenwood Publishing Group, p.
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301:
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268:
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821:
Senyavin's squadron embarked from Portugal for Portsmouth on 31 August 1808. On 27 September, it arrived at Portsmouth Harbour, and the
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1858:
1799:
510:
328:
968:
The Russians and the Anglo-Swedish force were fairly evenly matched, but the Russians retreated and the Allied ships followed them.
791:
1041:
in the Baltic. Among the captured vessels were Russian gun boats No.5, No.10, No. 13, and No.15. In 1847 the Admiralty issued the
965:
to threaten the Swedes. The Swedes, with the two British ships, grouped at Örö, and three days later sailed to meet the Russians.
633:. Although the treaty was quite unpopular within the Russian court, Russia had no alternative as Napoleon could easily cross the
306:
997:
with clasps "Implacable 26 Augt. 1808" and "Centaur 26 Augt. 1808" to the surviving claimants (41 per vessel) from the action.
845:. At long last, on 5 August, Senyavin's squadron was allowed to leave Portsmouth for Riga, arriving there on 9 September 1809.
1815:
1784:
1731:
866:
961:
On 22 August, the Russian fleet, consisting of nine ships of the line, five large frigates and six smaller ones, moved from
1335:
540:
321:
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on 18 July 1812; on that same day and in the same place the British and Swedes signed another Treaty of Örebro ending the
550:
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as an enemy vessel because the Anglo-Russian War had been declared. In November, the French forces under the General
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However the successes of the Russian army on land forced Sweden to sign a peace treaty with Russia in 1809 whereby,
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to join the Swedish fleet. They chased two Russian frigates on the 19th and joined the Swedes the following day.
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11 June] 1808, after her captain and crew put up a determined resistance. The action took place off
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In August 1807, Senyavin was ordered to bring his fleet from the Mediterranean to the Baltic, where the
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was informed that the Russians had arrived with their flags streaming, as if in times of peace. The
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was armed with six 12-pounder guns and had a crew of 19 men. Four months later, on 5 April,
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was probably the vessel whose boats in July took possession of Catherine Harbour, in the
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British naval involvement in the region continued into 1811. On 3 August 1810, the brig
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in July 1808 and August 1809. In May 1808, the British sent a fleet under Vice-Admiral
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986:, under Captain Daniil Rudnev (or Roodneff). Eventually, and after heavy casualties,
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with clasp "25 July Boat Service 1809" to 35 surviving claimants from the action.
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with clasp "7 July Boat Service 1809" to 33 surviving claimants from the action.
1038:
870:
862:
771:
691:
587:
345:
50:
30:"Anglo-Russian War" redirects here. For the Anglo-Russian war of 1853–1856, see
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participated in one or two actions. First, her boats conducted a night raid on
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962:
924:
841:. In 1809, the departure of the squadron was further delayed by the disastrous
583:
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245:
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156:
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1843:
1852:
1220:, which was operating out of the Lieth station, captured the Russian vessels
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838:
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1110:
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were better vessels than the Swedish ships and slowly pulled ahead, with
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31:
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710:. A portion of their cargo found on board consisted of 601,167 Spanish
707:
599:
273:
107:
1048:
Then on 25 July seventeen boats from a British squadron consisting of
766:
on 30 October. With a French army approaching the city, Prince Regent
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928:
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58:
1383:
1381:
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75:
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1279:, but as the campaign went on, France offered no support at all.
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173:
1751:. Vol. 38. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 280–281.
1468:
1466:
1376:
1169:. The British also commandeered all the stores belonging to the
1073:
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on any one of the 70 British vessels in the harbour received 14
656:
Alexander formally declared war on the United Kingdom after the
807:
763:
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on 19 September and although he planned to proceed directly to
747:
218:
1426:
Russian Officer Corps of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
1072:, attacked a flotilla of four Russian gunboats and a brig off
586:
which lasted from 2 September 1807 to 18 July 1812 during the
1463:
779:
759:
751:
727:
715:
634:
623:
1773:
The Greenwood Encyclopedia of International Relations: S-Z
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also took several other Russian vessels at sea as prizes.
935:, consisting of 11 line-of-battle ships and 5 frigates at
1364:
1685:
1683:
1670:
1668:
1256:
and then commanded a frontier force and the garrison of
1302:, a war that had had no engagements and no casualties.
1147:
also captured some 22-3 coastal trading vessels in the
1653:
1143:
that neutralised a Russian garrison there. Boats from
908:
1680:
1665:
1418:
1416:
561:
Portuguese invasion of the Banda Oriental (1811–1812)
1722:(illustrated, reprint ed.), Routledge, p.
1695:
1109:In time, the Anglo-Russian War overlapped with the
637:river (then the Russian border) and invade Russia.
1413:
1151:, many upriver from the present city of Murmansk.
1084:, then part of Russian Empire. Captain Forrest of
758:, stormy weather forced him to take refuge in the
1294:in June, the British and the Russians signed one
1104:
980:catching up with a Russian straggler, the 74-gun
943:to oppose them. On 16 August, Saumarez then sent
63:A painting of the battle between Russian gunboat
27:War between the United Kingdom and Russian Empire
1850:
694:’s squadron in the Mediterranean, together with
1287:, which formally ended the war against Turkey.
848:
664:
1808:Russian Warships in the Age of Sail, 1696–1860
861:and scored victories over the Russians in the
818:, were left in Lisbon due to needing repairs.
1805:
1523:
1521:
1472:
1387:
1322:(Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2015) pp. 84–96.
329:
923:On 9 July, the Russian fleet, under Admiral
1755:
1749:Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 38
1422:
1370:
1739:
1659:
1518:
931:. The Swedes massed a fleet under Admiral
336:
322:
778:blockaded Lisbon, intercepting a Russian
1884:Russia–United Kingdom military relations
1639:
1619:
1599:
1567:
1547:
1527:
1504:
1484:
1449:
1399:
1350:
1761:The Naval chronicle 1808 (January–June)
1717:
1689:
511:Linois's expedition to the Indian Ocean
14:
1851:
1806:Tredrea, John; Sozaev, Eduard (2010),
1033:captured or destroyed several Russian
750:was already brewing. He set sail from
647:
1792:
1770:
1701:
1674:
1557:. 22 August 1809. pp. 1345–1347.
1214:. Then on 1 August 1811, the frigate
770:had fled to the Portuguese colony of
317:
1429:. Casemate Publishers. p. 356.
1334:was the name ship for the 34-member
1325:
993:. In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the
629:signed a peace treaty, known as the
541:British invasions of the River Plate
1459:. 30 July 1808. pp. 1049–1050.
1129:, the Norwegian trade with Russia.
1009:On 7 and 8 July 1809, the boats of
837:, they would be intercepted by the
609:
590:. It began after Russia signed the
343:
24:
1824:
869:to the Baltic. The British 44-gun
737:
690:with the payroll for Vice-Admiral
682:was also seized at the same time.
25:
1895:
1864:Wars involving the Russian Empire
1859:Wars involving the United Kingdom
1837:
897:from the sea. The Admiralty took
92:(4 years 10 months & 16 days)
1409:. 25 October 1808. p. 1460.
1252:on his unsuccessful campaign in
300:
289:
278:
267:
255:
244:
233:
212:
189:
172:
149:
57:
1633:
1613:
1609:. 29 January 1811. p. 182.
1593:
1581:
1577:. 22 August 1809. p. 1347.
1561:
1541:
1537:. 26 January 1849. p. 246.
1514:. 26 January 1811. p. 166.
1498:
1494:. 26 January 1849. p. 242.
1478:
1423:Mikaberidze, Alexander (2005).
1004:
674:, which was lying at anchor in
90:2 September 1807 – 18 July 1812
1443:
1393:
1344:
1320:Russia and the Napoleonic Wars
1312:
1277:war against the Ottoman Empire
1198:captured the Danish privateer
1165:, or fortified settlement, of
1105:Naval raids in the Barents Sea
893:(now Naissaar), which defends
702:was slower but caught up with
13:
1:
1649:. 17 March 1812. p. 526.
1360:. 15 July 1809. p. 1129.
1305:
1300:Anglo-Swedish War (1810–1812)
806:would escort his squadron to
618:defeated the Russians at the
526:Second Archipelago Expedition
521:British conquest of Cape Town
1793:Norie, John William (1827),
1629:. 4 April 1812. p. 644.
879:captured the Russian cutter
849:Naval conflict in the Baltic
665:Detention of Russian vessels
658:British attack on Copenhagen
7:
1194:. Next year, on 2 January,
1043:Naval General Service Medal
995:Naval General Service Medal
18:Anglo-Russian War (1807–12)
10:
1900:
1720:Imperial Russia, 1801–1905
1711:
1285:Treaty of Bucharest (1812)
1263:
654:Emperor of all the Russias
285:William Cavendish-Bentinck
213:
29:
1771:Nolan, Cathal J. (2002),
1759:; Jones, Stephen (1808),
1741:Chichester, Henry Manners
1473:Tredrea & Sozaev 2010
1388:Tredrea & Sozaev 2010
1235:
1202:off the Norwegian coast.
1096:, Sweden ceded the later
794:defeated the French army
762:river and cast anchor in
461:French invasion of Russia
355:
226:
139:
82:
56:
48:
43:
1273:Franco-Russian relations
678:. The Russian storeship
1747:. In Sidney Lee (ed.).
1371:Clarke & Jones 1808
501:Minor campaigns of 1815
1173:Company (est. 1803 at
1098:Grand Duchy of Finland
578:was a war between the
394:First Serbian Uprising
227:Commanders and leaders
1757:Clarke, James Stanier
1718:Chapman, Tim (2001),
1232:, and their cargoes.
627:Alexander I of Russia
479:Swedish-Norwegian War
1390:, pp. 198, 391.
1318:Aleksandr A. Orlov,
901:into service as HMS
843:Walcheren Expedition
827:Lord Mayor of London
652:On 26 October 1807,
516:West Indies campaign
1833:, Osprey Publishing
1831:The Napoleonic Wars
1745:"Monteith, William"
768:John VI of Portugal
718:. Consequently, an
648:Military activities
620:Battle of Friedland
596:First French Empire
1844:The Coalition Wars
1646:The London Gazette
1626:The London Gazette
1606:The London Gazette
1574:The London Gazette
1554:The London Gazette
1534:The London Gazette
1511:The London Gazette
1491:The London Gazette
1456:The London Gazette
1406:The London Gazette
1357:The London Gazette
1125:and disrupted the
991:struck her colours
867:Sir James Saumarez
800:Sir Charles Cotton
784:Jean-Andoche Junot
714:and 140,197 Dutch
676:Portsmouth Harbour
642:Continental System
616:Napoleon Bonaparte
377:Franco-Swedish War
251:Nikolay Rumyantsev
130:Treaties of Örebro
1817:978-1-84832-058-1
1786:978-0-313-32383-6
1733:978-0-415-23110-7
1475:, pp. 71–72.
1242:Russo-Persian War
1051:Princess Caroline
1037:and a convoy off
933:Rudolf Cederström
823:British Admiralty
576:Anglo-Russian War
569:
568:
531:Adriatic campaign
496:Waterloo campaign
485:Seventh Coalition
450:Anglo-Swedish War
445:Austro-Polish War
433:Anglo-Russian War
421:Anglo-Turkish War
389:Russo-Turkish War
372:Russo-Persian War
367:Anglo-Spanish War
312:
311:
135:
134:
74:off the coast of
44:Anglo-Russian War
16:(Redirected from
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1323:
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1296:Treaty of Örebro
1246:William Monteith
927:, came out from
885:on 23 June [
792:Arthur Wellesley
786:overran Lisbon.
756:Saint Petersburg
686:had sailed from
631:Treaty of Tilsit
622:(14 June 1807),
610:Treaty of Tilsit
592:Treaty of Tilsit
474:Dano-Swedish War
409:Dano-Swedish War
383:Fourth Coalition
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307:Robert Jenkinson
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1879:1810s conflicts
1874:1800s conflicts
1869:Napoleonic Wars
1849:
1848:
1840:
1827:
1825:Further reading
1818:
1787:
1734:
1714:
1709:
1708:
1700:
1696:
1688:
1681:
1677:, p. 1666.
1673:
1666:
1660:Chichester 1894
1658:
1654:
1638:
1634:
1618:
1614:
1598:
1594:
1590:, 29 July 1809.
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1317:
1313:
1308:
1290:After Napoleon
1266:
1238:
1107:
1039:Hanko Peninsula
1007:
921:
863:Gulf of Finland
851:
740:
738:Lisbon Incident
692:Dmitry Senyavin
667:
650:
612:
588:Napoleonic Wars
572:
571:
570:
565:
507:
468:Sixth Coalition
439:Fifth Coalition
361:Third Coalition
351:
347:Napoleonic Wars
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51:Napoleonic Wars
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28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1887:
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1839:
1838:External links
1836:
1835:
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1826:
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1816:
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1790:
1785:
1768:
1753:
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1704:, p. 560.
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1462:
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1436:978-1611210026
1435:
1412:
1392:
1375:
1373:, p. 129.
1363:
1343:
1324:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1292:invaded Russia
1265:
1262:
1248:, accompanied
1237:
1234:
1115:Denmark-Norway
1106:
1103:
1006:
1003:
925:Pyotr Khanykov
920:
907:
855:invaded Sweden
850:
847:
831:Charles Flower
802:, whereby the
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736:
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584:Russian Empire
580:United Kingdom
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491:Neapolitan War
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1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1819:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1703:
1698:
1692:, p. 29.
1691:
1686:
1684:
1676:
1671:
1669:
1661:
1656:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1636:
1628:
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1608:
1607:
1602:
1596:
1589:
1584:
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1564:
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1396:
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1315:
1311:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1269:Russia grew.
1261:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1210:captured the
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1190:captured the
1189:
1188:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1141:Kildin Island
1138:
1137:
1132:In June 1809
1130:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1102:
1099:
1095:
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1087:
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946:
942:
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926:
919:
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911:
906:
904:
900:
896:
892:
891:Nargen island
888:
884:
883:
878:
877:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
846:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
819:
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813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
787:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
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749:
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733:
729:
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721:
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625:
621:
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581:
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562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
546:Spice Islands
544:
542:
539:
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527:
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522:
519:
517:
514:
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358:
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334:
332:
327:
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320:
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308:
303:
297:
292:
286:
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275:
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258:
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210:
209:
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206:
199:
198:
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187:
186:
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180:
175:
170:
169:
168:
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159:
158:
152:
147:
146:
144:
143:
138:
131:
128:
125:
124:
114:
111:
109:
106:
105:
103:
102:
99:
96:
95:
89:
86:
85:
81:
77:
73:
72:
66:
60:
55:
52:
47:
42:
37:
33:
19:
1830:
1810:, Seaforth,
1807:
1798:, , p.
1794:
1772:
1760:
1748:
1719:
1697:
1690:Chapman 2001
1655:
1644:
1635:
1624:
1615:
1604:
1595:
1587:
1583:
1572:
1563:
1552:
1543:
1532:
1509:
1500:
1489:
1480:
1454:
1445:
1425:
1404:
1395:
1366:
1355:
1346:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1319:
1314:
1289:
1281:
1271:
1267:
1239:
1229:
1226:Ivan Isasima
1225:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1183:
1178:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1144:
1135:
1131:
1108:
1093:
1091:
1085:
1078:Fredrikshamn
1068:
1062:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1005:Boat actions
999:
987:
982:
977:
973:
969:
967:
960:
954:
948:
922:
917:
913:
909:
902:
898:
881:
875:
853:Russia also
852:
839:Swedish Navy
820:
815:
811:
788:
741:
703:
699:
695:
683:
679:
671:
668:
651:
639:
613:
575:
573:
551:Indian Ocean
483:
466:
459:
437:
432:
425:
399:English Wars
381:
359:
205:Supported by
204:
203:
195:
165:Supported by
164:
163:
155:
140:Belligerents
70:
64:
49:Part of the
36:
1641:"No. 16584"
1621:"No. 16589"
1601:"No. 16448"
1569:"No. 16291"
1549:"No. 16291"
1529:"No. 20939"
1506:"No. 16447"
1486:"No. 20939"
1451:"No. 16167"
1401:"No. 16195"
1352:"No. 16276"
1341:of frigate.
1250:Abbas Mirza
1240:During the
1204:Restorateur
1200:Restorateur
1175:Archangelsk
1127:Pomor trade
1111:Gunboat War
1082:Old Finland
1024:Bellerophon
941:Jungfrusund
859:Finnish War
835:Arkhangelsk
744:Finnish War
732:prize money
720:able seaman
604:Barents Sea
455:War of 1812
416:Finnish War
404:Gunboat War
240:Alexander I
113:Barents Sea
32:Crimean War
1853:Categories
1702:Norie 1827
1675:Nolan 2002
1306:References
1217:Alexandria
1149:Kola River
1123:Hammerfest
1094:inter alia
1086:Prometheus
1076:Head near
1069:Prometheus
1018:Implacable
1012:Prometheus
978:Implacable
974:Implacable
955:Implacable
914:Implacable
804:Royal Navy
796:at Vimeiro
776:Royal Navy
708:Portsmouth
680:Wilhelmina
600:Baltic Sea
274:George III
108:Baltic Sea
1588:The Times
1230:St. Oluff
1192:St. Peder
1179:The Times
1171:White Sea
1030:Melpomene
929:Kronstadt
874:HMS
724:shillings
712:doubloons
700:Vilgemina
696:Vilgemina
688:Kronstadt
594:with the
69:HMS
1743:(1894).
1332:Speshnoy
1212:Victoria
1113:against
1063:Cerberus
1057:Minotaur
1035:gunboats
988:Vsevolod
983:Vsevolod
918:Vsevolod
876:Salsette
816:Yaroslav
774:and the
704:Speshnoy
684:Speshnoy
672:Speshnoy
582:and the
556:2nd Java
536:1st Java
97:Location
76:Naissaar
71:Salsette
1712:Sources
1337:Speshni
1264:Outcome
1254:Georgia
1222:Michael
1208:Gallant
1196:Gallant
1187:Gallant
970:Centaur
949:Centaur
945:74-guns
910:Centaur
871:frigate
726:and 7½
1814:
1783:
1730:
1433:
1339:-class
1258:Erivan
1236:Persia
1228:, and
1163:ostrog
1159:Nyaden
1153:Nyaden
1145:Nyaden
1136:Nyaden
1119:Hasvik
903:Baltic
812:Rafail
808:London
772:Brazil
764:Lisbon
748:Sweden
716:ducats
614:After
219:Sweden
157:Russia
126:Result
963:Hanko
895:Reval
780:sloop
760:Tagus
752:Corfu
746:with
728:pence
635:Neman
1812:ISBN
1796:time
1781:ISBN
1777:1666
1728:ISBN
1431:ISBN
1167:Kola
1134:HMS
1121:and
1074:Aspö
1066:and
1027:and
972:and
952:and
939:and
916:vs.
912:and
899:Opyt
887:O.S.
882:Opyt
814:and
624:Tsar
602:and
574:The
87:Date
67:and
65:Opyt
1800:560
1765:129
1177:).
1080:in
937:Örö
730:in
706:at
1855::
1779:,
1726:,
1724:29
1682:^
1667:^
1643:.
1623:.
1603:.
1571:.
1551:.
1531:.
1520:^
1508:.
1488:.
1465:^
1453:.
1415:^
1403:.
1378:^
1354:.
1260:.
1224:,
1060:,
1054:,
1021:,
1015:,
905:.
829:,
734:.
698:.
606:.
207::
167::
1662:.
1439:.
337:e
330:t
323:v
34:.
20:)
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