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1490:, could advance their power by the same efforts that also promised to be better for the country in terms of justice, economic performance, and even defense readiness (which depended on economic performance). Part of the complexity is that in the Brezhnev era, corruption was pervasive and implicitly tolerated (though officially denied), and many a member of the police and security organizations participated in it to various degrees, but only those organizations had access to the power to measure it and monitor its details. In such an environment, anti-corruption campaigning is a way for police and security people to appear to be cleaning up villains' malfeasance and coincidentally increasing their own power, when in fact one set of antiheroes may be defeating another set in a
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1414:. Andropov took control of organizing the work of the Politburo, supervising national defense, supervising the main issues of domestic and foreign policy and foreign trade, and making leadership assignments in the top ranks of the party and the government. Chernenko handled espionage, KGB, the Interior Ministry, party organs, ideology, organizational matters, propaganda, culture, science, and higher education. He was also given charge of the Central Committee. It was far too much for Chernenko to handle, and other Politburo members were not given major assignments.
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1925:, said: "In a way I always thought Andropov was the most dangerous of all of them, simply because he was smarter than the rest." But Andropov himself recalled Yakovlev back to high office in Moscow in 1983 after a ten-year exile as ambassador to Canada after attacking Russian chauvinism. Yakovlev was also a close colleague of Andropov associate KGB General
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1407:, the first former head of the KGB to become general secretary. His appointment was received in the West with apprehension in view of his roles in the KGB and in Hungary. At the time his personal background was a mystery in the West, with major newspapers printing detailed profiles of him that were inconsistent and in several cases fabricated.
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1646:, inviting her to the Soviet Union. She came, but he was too ill to meet with her, thus revealing his grave condition to the world. Meanwhile, the Soviet Union suspended talks with the U.S. on intermediate-range nuclear weapons in Europe in November 1983, and by the end of the year the Soviets had broken off all arms control negotiations.
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2111:, remembered him for his politeness, calmness, unselfishness, patience, intelligence and exceptionally sharp memory. According to Chuchyalin, while working at the Kremlin, Andropov would read about 600 pages a day and remember everything he read. Andropov read English literature and could communicate in Finnish, English and German.
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1859:, who seemed to mirror Andropov's tenure. Chernenko had already been afflicted with severe health problems when he ascended to the USSR's top spot, and served even less time in office (13 months). Like Andropov, Chernenko spent much of his time hospitalized, and also died in office, in March 1985. Chernenko was succeeded by
2433:
2088:, after Andropov came to power the dissident movement went into decline, not on its own but because it was strangled. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, repression was most severe; many people were arrested a second time and sentenced to longer terms. The camp regime was not strict but specific, and when Andropov became
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2092:, he introduced an Article under which violations of camp regime resulted in a punishment cell and an additional term up to three years. For two or three remarks a person could be sent to another camp with non-political criminals. In those years, there were many deaths in camps from disease and lack of medical care.
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2029:, "He was a typical Soviet jailer who violated human rights. Andropov headed the organisation which persecuted the most remarkable people of our country." According to Petrov, it was a shame for the USSR that a persecutor of intelligentsia and of freedom of thought became leader of the country. According to
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to defend the "Soviet
Government and socialist order" from dissidents. In January 1970, Andropov submitted an account to his fellow Politburo members of the widespread threat of the mentally ill to the regime's stability and security. His proposal to use psychiatry for struggle against dissidents was
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of the YCL of the
Rybinsk Water Transport Technical School and was soon promoted to organizer of the YCL Central Committee at the Volodarsky Shipyards in Rybinsk. In 1938, he was elected First Secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee of the YCL and was First Secretary of the Central Committee of
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was unprepared to deal with a civilian airliner, and the shooting down was a matter of following orders without question. Instead of admitting an accident, Soviet media proclaimed a brave decision to meet a
Western provocation. Together with the low credibility created by the poor explanation of the
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have discussed the complex possibilities underlying the motivations of anti-corruption campaigning in the Soviet Union during the 1970s and early 1980s: it is true that
Andropov fought corruption for moral, ethical, ascetic, and ideological reasons, but it was also an effective way for party members
1981:
and corruption of
Brezhnev's later years. A "throwback to a tradition of Leninist asceticism", Andropov was appalled by the corruption of Brezhnev's regime, and ordered investigations and arrests of the most flagrant abusers. The investigations were so frightening that several members of Brezhnev's
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In contrast to
Brezhnev's policy of avoiding conflicts and dismissals, Andropov began to fight violations of party, state and labor discipline, which led to significant personnel changes during an anti-corruption campaign against many of Brezhnev's cronies. During his 15 months in office, Andropov
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intelligence community, when I was one of them, looked up to
Andropov as the man who substituted the KGB for the Communist party in governing the Soviet Union, and who was the godfather of Russia's new era of deception operations aimed at improving the badly damaged image of Soviet rulers in the
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Andropov gave different versions of his father's fate: in one, he divorced his mother soon after his birth; in another he died of illness. The "father" in question, Vladimir
Andropov, was in fact his stepfather, who lived and worked in Nagutskaya and died of typhus in 1919. The Fyodorov surname
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1906:
Andropov's legacy remains the subject of much debate in Russia and elsewhere among scholars and in the popular media. He remains the focus of television documentaries and popular nonfiction, particularly at important anniversaries. As KGB head, Andropov was ruthless against dissent, and author
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suggested a compromise for reducing nuclear missiles in Europe on both sides that the
Politburo ignored. Kvitsinsky later wrote that, despite his efforts, the Soviet leadership was not interested in compromise, instead calculating that peace movements in the West would force the Americans to
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and obstacles to scientific progress were made available to the public and open to criticism. Furthermore, Andropov gave select industries greater autonomy from state regulations and enabled factory managers to retain control over more of their profits. Such policies resulted in a 4% rise in
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Throughout his career, Andropov aimed to achieve "the destruction of dissent in all its forms" and insisted that "the struggle for human rights was a part of a wide-ranging imperialist plot to undermine the foundation of the Soviet state". To this end, he launched a campaign to eliminate all
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belonged to his second stepfather, Viktor
Fyodorov, a machinist's assistant turned schoolteacher. Andropov's biological father is unknown; he probably died in 1916, a date in Andropov's 1932 résumé. During the 1937 vetting, it was reported that his father served as an officer in the
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2033:, the year that Andropov spent in power was memorable for increasing repression against dissidents. During most of his KGB career, Andropov crushed dissident movements, isolated people in psychiatric hospitals, imprisoned them, and deported them. According to political scientist
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circle "shot, gassed or otherwise did away with themselves." He was generally regarded as inclined to more gradual and constructive reform than was Gorbachev; most of the speculation centers on whether Andropov would have reformed the USSR in a manner that did not result in its
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Andropov's earliest documented name was Grigory Vladimirovich Andropov-Fyodorov which he changed to Yuri Andropov several years later. His original birth certificate disappeared, but it has been established that Andropov was born in Moscow, where his mother worked at a women's
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activities in Finland although modern researchers have found no trace of his supposed squad. From 1944 onward, he left Komsomol for Communist Party work. Between 1946 and 1951, he studied at the university of Petrozavodsk. In 1947, he was elected Second Secretary of the
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1996:
focuses heavily on Andropov during his tenure of KGB chief, when his health was slightly better. It mirrors his secrecy in that British and American intelligence know little about him, not even able to confirm he was married. The novel also depicts Andropov as a fan of
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1721:, he had periods of falling into unconsciousness. He died on 9 February 1984 at 16:50, aged 69. Few of the top Soviet leaders learned of his death on that day. According to the Soviet post-mortem medical report, Andropov suffered from several medical conditions:
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917:: "He had watched in horror from the windows of his embassy as officers of the hated Hungarian security service were strung up from lampposts. Andropov remained haunted for the rest of his life by the speed with which an apparently all-powerful Communist
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1586:. That included tanks and armored troop carriers, hundreds of fighter planes, anti-aircraft systems, artillery systems, and other high-tech equipment of which the USSR was its allies' main supplier. Andropov's main goal was to avoid an open war.
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671:, he was appointed chairman of the KGB on 10 May 1967. After Brezhnev suffered a stroke in 1975 that significantly impaired his ability to govern, Andropov began to increasingly dictate Soviet policymaking alongside Foreign Minister
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690:. Subsequently, he sought to eliminate corruption and inefficiency in the country by criminalizing truancy in the workplace and investigating longtime officials for violations of party discipline. Under Andropov's leadership,
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1103:. In 1968, as KGB chairman, Andropov issued the order "On the tasks of State security agencies in combating the ideological sabotage by the adversary", calling for struggle against dissidents and their imperialist masters.
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In March 1979, Andropov and the Politburo initially opposed military intervention in Afghanistan. Among their concerns were that the international community would blame the USSR for its "aggression" and that the upcoming
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2037:, Andropov is responsible for many injustices in the 1970s and early 1980s: deportations, political arrests, persecuting dissidents, the abuse of psychiatry, and notorious cases such as the persecution of academician
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The Western media generally favored Andropov, but the short time he spent as leader, much of it in ill health, leaves debaters few concrete indications as to the nature of an extended rule. The 2002 Tom Clancy novel
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On various occasions, Andropov gave different death dates for his mother: 1927, 1929, 1930 and 1931. The story of her adoption was also likely a mystification. In 1937, Andropov was vetted when he applied for
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by increasing its workforce's efficiency. He cracked down on Soviet laborers' lack of discipline by decreeing the arrest of absentee employees and penalties for tardiness. For the first time, the facts about
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continued even though Andropov, who now felt the invasion was a mistake, half-heartedly explored options for a negotiated withdrawal. Andropov's rule was also marked by deterioration of relations with the
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while the regime struggled to handle the growing crisis in the Soviet economy. His major long-term impact was bringing to the fore a new generation of young reformers as energetic as himself, including
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The sixty years of the USSR: a report of a joint solemn meeting of the CPSU Central Committee, the USSR Supreme Soviet and the RSFSR Supreme Soviet in the Kremlin Palace of Congresses, 21 December 1982
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3676:"Order to leave the message by Kreisky without answer; facsimile, in Russian. (Указание оставить без ответа ходатайство канцлера Бруно Крейского (Bruno Kreisky) об освобождении Орлова (29 июля 1983)"
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crises; the propaganda system was useful only for people and states aligned with the Soviet Union. Both crises were escalated by technological and organizational failures, compounded by human error.
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2648:Шестьдесят лет СССР: доклад на совместном торжественном заседании Центрального Комитета КПСС, Верховного Совета СССР и Верховного Совета РСФСР, в Кремлевском Дворце съездов, 21 декабря 1982 года
2635:"Доклад на торжественном заседании по случаю столетия со дня рождения Ф.Э. Дзержинского" [The report at the solemn meeting on the occasion of the centenary of F.E. Dzerzhinsky's birth].
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1210:. With the Politburo's approval, the house, deemed to be not of "sufficient historical significance", was demolished in September 1977, less than a year before the murders' 60th anniversary.
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descent who died of typhus in 1919. His mother, Yevgenia Karlovna Fleckenstein (none of the official sources mention her name), was a school teacher who died in 1931. She was born in the
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769:. Karl Fleckenstein was the rich proprietor of a jewellery business which was run by his wife after his death in 1915 when he was mistaken for a German during the infamous anti-German
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to psychiatric hospitals, and pressure on rights activists to emigrate. These measures were meticulously documented throughout his time as KGB chairman by the underground
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that military intervention was necessary. Andropov is known as "The Butcher of Budapest" for his ruthless suppression of the uprising. Hungarian leaders were arrested and
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and the numerous banishments and intrigues for which he was responsible as head of the KGB, many commentators regard him as a reformer, especially in comparison with the
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membership, and it turned out that "the sister of his native maternal grandmother" (whom he called his aunt), who was living with him and who supported the legend of his
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Michael Dobbs; Washington Post Foreign Service; Also contributing to this story were correspondents Peter Osnos in London; William Drozdiak in Bonn (11 February 1984).
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in Moscow by 66 countries, something of concern to Andropov since spring 1979. Some have proposed that the Soviet–Afghan War also played an important role in the
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from the police and security organizations to defeat competitors for power at the party's senior levels. Thus Andropov himself, as well as such protégés as
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Ticktin, Hillel. "Andropov: Disintegration and discipline: The disintegration of the USSR under the banner of discipline. Andropov and his inheritance".
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Earlier in his career, Andropov served as the Soviet ambassador to Hungary from 1954 to 1957. During this period, he took part in the suppression of the
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in February 1983, Andropov's health began to deteriorate rapidly. He died aged 69 on 9 February 1984, having led the country for about 15 months.
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In the West, if Andropov is remembered at all, it is for his brutal suppression of political dissidence at home and for his role in planning the
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were among the remains as 10 or 11 bodies were exhumed. Andropov gained additional powers in 1973 when he was promoted to full member of the
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Tatyana and Andropov had two children, Igor and Irina. Igor joined the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs and served as ambassador to Greece.
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called him "a man of talent with great abilities." Putin has praised Andropov's "honesty and uprightness". According to Russian historian
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Andropov (seated second from right in the front row) presides over the USSR's 60th Anniversary shortly after succeeding Brezhnev as its
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In 1957, Andropov returned to Moscow from Budapest in order to head the Department for Liaison with Communist and Workers' Parties in
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Water Transport Technical College and graduated in 1936. As a teenager he worked as a loader, a telegraph clerk, and a sailor for the
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3852:"Deterioration of Conditions in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and Possible Responses From Our Side / 17–19 March 1979"
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asked him for access to real budget figures. "You are asking too much", Andropov responded. "The budget is off limits to you."
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nor any other agency was manipulating the Czechoslovak reform movement". His message was destroyed because it contradicted the
1653:, which carried 269 passengers and crew. It had strayed over the Soviet Union on 1 September 1983 on its scheduled route from
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On 3 July 1967, Andropov proposed to establish the KGB's Fifth Directorate to deal with the political opposition (ideological
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implemented. As head of the KGB, Andropov was in charge of the widespread deployment of psychiatric repression. According to
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1642:. One of his most notable acts as leader of the Soviet Union was in response to a letter from a 10-year-old American child,
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There has been much contention over Andropov's family background. According to the official biography, Andropov was born in
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5046:[How has society's assessment of security services proteges in state power changed since the time of Andropov?].
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The Andropov file: the life and ideas of Yuri V. Andropov, general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Wilfried Loth. Moscow, Prague and Warsaw: Overcoming the Brezhnev Doctrine. Cold War History 1, no. 2 (2001): 103–118.
981:'s recommendation and promoted to candidate member of the Politburo. In 1970, out of concern that the burial place of
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Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001
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1611:. Reagan claimed this research program into ballistic missile defense was "consistent with our obligations under the
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4810:"USSR: New Soviet Leader Konstantine Chernenko Pledges To Continue Reforms Started By His Predecessor Yuri Andropov"
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Leninism is an inexhaustible source of revolutionary energy and creativity of masses. Selected speeches and articles
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A Dictionary of 20th Century Communism. Edited by Silvio Pons and Robert Service. Princeton University Press. 2010.
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1125:. Ilyin was pronounced insane and sent to Kazan Psychiatric Hospital. On 29 April 1969, Andropov submitted to the
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Gail Warshofsky Lapidus, "KAL 007 and Chernobyl: The Soviet management of crises." Survival 29.3 (1987): 215–223.
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1983:
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1673:
from KAL 007 that proved the pilot had made a typographical error when entering data in the automatic pilot. The
1358:
1314:
1290:
1243:
1195:
686:
Upon Brezhnev's death on 10 November 1982, Andropov succeeded him as General Secretary and, by extension, as the
12392:
12279:
12267:
4511:
4433:
1622:
437:
16212:
15503:
14905:
14797:
14699:
14638:
14617:
14551:
14520:
14128:
13048:
12817:
12397:
12299:
12032:
11476:
11471:
9874:
9300:
9290:
9280:
7698:
7513:
5231:
4909:
3548:
3294:
2536:
2517:
1936:
1615:". Andropov dismissed this claim, saying, "It is time they stopped ... search for the best ways of unleashing
1058:
914:
12717:
12447:
11958:
11730:
7984:
1045:
reported from Washington that he had gained access to "absolutely reliable documents proving that neither the
16384:
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13010:
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11201:
10993:
10896:
10785:
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10288:
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9285:
9275:
9109:
9084:
8843:
7954:
7668:
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1612:
1387:
1325:
persuaded Brezhnev that it would be counterproductive for the Soviet Union to invade Poland by repeating the
774:
762:
peasant origins, was in fact his nurse, who had been working for Fleckenstein long before Andropov was born.
645:
139:
12442:
12151:
12074:
11745:
1481:
against high-level party and state officials were started. Biographers including Solovyov and Klepikova and
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12988:
12958:
12907:
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12685:
12681:
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11725:
11657:
9697:
8976:
8903:
8898:
8786:
7583:
7558:
7548:
5363:
4750:
3942:"Andropov to Central Committee, 25 April 1979, "Anti-Soviet activities with regard to 1980 Olympic Games",
1974:
1608:
1282:
973:
in 1962. In 1967, he was relieved of his work in the Central Committee apparatus and appointed head of the
899:
885:
664:
497:
3163:
16678:
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16187:
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14000:
13472:
13467:
13184:
12862:
12590:
12335:
12294:
12238:
12141:
12022:
11980:
11885:
11410:
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10236:
9343:
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5768:(Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars, Washington, D.C.), Spring 1995, pp. 22–23, 29–34.
3886:
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3682:
1631:
1273:. Andropov's bottom line, "under no circumstances can we lose Afghanistan", led him and the Politburo to
1111:
1081:
1046:
212:
1598:. During a much-publicized "walk in the woods" with Soviet dignitary Yuli Kvitsinsky, American diplomat
1554:". Reagan used American economic power and Soviet economic weakness to escalate massive spending on the
1149:
The repression of dissidents was a big part of Andropov's agenda and targeted such prominent figures as
16539:
Members of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic
16339:
15993:
15988:
15351:
15080:
14822:
14479:
14245:
13837:
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11778:
11545:
8041:
7792:
7752:
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7518:
6518:
5798:
5640:
5066:
4103:
2560:
1626:
A photograph of Korean Air Lines HL7442, the airliner shot down by Soviet aircraft after drifting into
687:
602:
5627:"П.Л. Капица и Ю.В. Андропов об инакомыслии" [P.L. Kapitsa and Yu.V. Andropov about dissent].
5358:
4479:"Andropov is Dead in Moscow at 69; Reagan Asks 'Productive Contacts' and Names Bush to Attend Funeral"
781:
and stripped of basic rights had she not abandoned the store after another pogrom in 1917, invented a
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Politics, Paradigms, and Intelligence Failures: Why So Few Predicted the Collapse of the Soviet Union
1674:
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15176:
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5762:
5273:Об избрании Юрия Андропова на пост Председателя Президиума Верховного Совета СССР. Эфир 16 июня 1983
3655:
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Sayle, Timothy (August 2009). "Andropov's Hungarian complex: Andropov and the lessons of history".
5590:
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2438:
1930:
1543:
17:
15815:
14720:
13432:
2741:Ленинизм – неисчерпаемый источник революционной энергии и творчества масс. Избранные речи и статьи
2481:
1933:. Andropov began to follow a trend of replacing elderly officials with considerably younger ones.
730:, Russia) on 15 June 1914. His father, Vladimir Konstantinovich Andropov, was a railway worker of
16420:
16359:
16299:
16202:
16126:
16086:
15953:
15943:
15722:
15639:
15571:
15483:
14832:
14228:
12922:
12867:
12852:
12792:
12600:
12580:
12340:
12017:
11622:
9432:
8779:
5067:"In Russia, it is deja-vu all over again: how Russians fell back in love with the KGB and Stalin"
4658:
2907:
2551:
2468:
2179:
2134:
1941:
1841:
1833:
348:
16594:
Members of the Central Committee of the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16589:
Members of the Central Committee of the 25th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16584:
Members of the Central Committee of the 24th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16579:
Members of the Central Committee of the 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16574:
Members of the Central Committee of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
11825:
4015:
1448:
Despite such reforms, Andropov refused to consider any changes that sought to dispense with the
16324:
16136:
15707:
15554:
15322:
15297:
14624:
14459:
13712:
13216:
12610:
12284:
11760:
11520:
11515:
11308:
11267:
11048:
10835:
10592:
9918:
9812:
9164:
8291:
7704:
4942:
3941:
2417:
2322:
2299:
Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"
1722:
1567:
1100:
1077:
873:
825:
steamship line. At 16, then a member of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League (YCL, or
739:
13922:
8273:
5145:
4835:
4575:
4123:
4117:
3862:
3629:
3204:
2949:
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16528:
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16364:
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15649:
15415:
15266:
15245:
15002:
14603:
14151:
13947:
13231:
13226:
12993:
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12837:
12797:
12732:
12676:
12595:
12377:
12191:
12069:
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11612:
11453:
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9566:
9506:
9490:
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1702:
at the Soviet Embassy in D.C., signing a condolence book shortly after the death of Andropov.
1590:
1523:
1338:
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1187:
1166:
930:
926:
898:
In July 1954, Andropov was appointed Ambassador to Hungary. He held this position during the
794:
786:
501:
306:
16664:
Recipients of the Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR"
8397:
8190:
5497:
Goodman, Elliot (Summer 1984). "The Brezhnev-Andropov legacy: implications for the future".
4328:
3739:"Memorandum from the KGB Regarding the Planning of a Demonstration in Memory of John Lennon"
16604:
Candidates of the Politburo of the 24th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16599:
Candidates of the Politburo of the 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16498:
16493:
16334:
15835:
15830:
15790:
15659:
15644:
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12620:
12615:
12507:
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12111:
12039:
11953:
11803:
11405:
11384:
10901:
10840:
10587:
10279:
9952:
9828:
9759:
9739:
9735:
9721:
9590:
9257:
9044:
8971:
8913:
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6145:
6066:
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5873:
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2058:
1998:
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902:. Andropov played a key role in crushing the uprising. He convinced Soviet First Secretary
620:
592:
Department for Relations with the Communist and Workers' Parties of the Socialist Countries
261:
204:
189:
109:
16634:
Members of the Secretariat of the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16629:
Members of the Secretariat of the 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16624:
Members of the Secretariat of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
15604:
15199:
8451:
8301:
3738:
1649:
Massive bad publicity worldwide came when Soviet fighters shot down a civilian jet liner,
1088:
publication that was itself finally forced out of existence after its 30 June 1982 issue.
738:
into a family of town dwellers and was abandoned on the doorstep of Jewish watchmaker and
8:
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14383:
14378:
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14338:
14307:
14302:
13932:
13847:
13842:
13742:
13605:
13402:
13286:
13201:
13089:
12942:
12937:
12917:
12902:
12812:
12807:
12712:
12645:
12635:
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12532:
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12372:
12345:
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11500:
11484:
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10911:
10891:
10744:
10673:
10668:
10622:
10602:
10506:
10451:
9189:
9179:
8268:
5044:"Как изменилась оценка обществом ставленников спецслужб в госвласти со времен Андропова?"
5043:
4538:
4204:
4198:
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1535:
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1092:
913:
After these events, Andropov suffered from a "Hungarian complex", according to historian
483:
461:
426:
16619:
Members of the Politburo of the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16614:
Members of the Politburo of the 25th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16609:
Members of the Politburo of the 24th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
15765:
12787:
12700:
8387:
8205:
8115:
5412:
4863:"Peter I's cottage to Gorbachev's lavish dacha: Russian leaders' residences in pictures"
4044:
2337:
1342:
1225:
heritage. He was personally responsible for orchestrating the arrest and persecution of
16718:
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12497:
12262:
12216:
12131:
12116:
12059:
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11798:
11674:
11565:
11555:
11272:
11206:
11038:
11008:
10800:
10552:
9681:
9657:
9614:
9582:
9169:
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8693:
8392:
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5728:
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3983:
2781:
2674:
2665:
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2104:
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1918:
1872:
1871:
policies to reform the Soviet Union politically and economically. On 26 December 1991,
1679:
1604:
1551:
997:
in 1946. The remains were thoroughly burned and crushed, and the ashes thrown into the
876:. He was appointed an inspector and then the head of a subdepartment of the committee.
747:
735:
15581:
13782:
13611:
8427:
8263:
8243:
5980:
5591:"Andropov and the dissidents: the internal atmosphere under the new Soviet leadership"
1057:, collectively known as operation PROGRESS, against Czechoslovak reformers during the
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15918:
15875:
15870:
15820:
15614:
15609:
15390:
15060:
14967:
14910:
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14099:
13952:
13897:
13872:
13827:
13757:
13732:
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13687:
13656:
13543:
13427:
13397:
13134:
13124:
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12932:
12777:
12492:
12289:
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11997:
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6151:
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5937:
5831:
5757:"Soviet Archival Documents on the Hungarian Revolution, 24 October – 4 November 1956"
5735:
5714:
5678:
5671:
5661:
5517:
5483:
5444:
5434:
5394:
5387:
5345:
5335:
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The KGB Plays Chess: The Soviet Secret Police and the Fight for the World Chess Crown
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2042:
1978:
1860:
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1507:
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1334:
1258:'s seizure of power. He became convinced that the CIA had recruited Amin to create a
1203:
1050:
965:
Countries, a position he held until 1967. In 1961, he was elected full member of the
903:
862:
704:
380:
14076:
13747:
8511:
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5462:
5247:Личный пульмонолог Черненко: чтобы генсек дышал, мы применяли космические технологии
5180:[A Chronicle of Past Events. Natalya Gorbanevskaya: non-monotonous speech].
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9771:
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The first domino: international decision making during the Hungarian crisis of 1956
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In August 1983, Andropov made an announcement that the USSR would stop all work on
1456:. In his memoirs, Gorbachev wrote that when Andropov was the leader, Gorbachev and
1301:
1191:
1135:
1034:
857:
841:
465:
273:
246:
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4454:
Jonathan Haslam, "The KAL shootdown (1983) and the state of Soviet air defence."
2981:
1365:. Andropov was the longest-serving KGB chairman and did not resign as head of the
1353:
From 1980 to 1982, while still chair of the KGB, Andropov opposed plans to occupy
16549:
Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
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13139:
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10881:
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9932:
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1792:, in a service attended by numerous foreign leaders, such as U.S. Vice President
1726:
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1616:
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industrial output and increased investment in new technologies such as robotics.
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1477:, kraikoms and Central Committees of Communist Parties of Soviet Republics, and
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10076:
9972:
9956:
9857:
9689:
9534:
9522:
9514:
9474:
9348:
9241:
9194:
9119:
9114:
9104:
9099:
9079:
9074:
9069:
9049:
8966:
8873:
8592:
8584:
8319:
8195:
8163:
8153:
8087:
8014:
7960:
7931:
6097:
6036:
5613:
3604:
3120:
2472:
2158:
2149:
2050:
2046:
2034:
2022:
1809:
1805:
1718:
1707:
1643:
1370:
1318:
1266:
1162:
1158:
1030:
986:
978:
950:
727:
711:
680:
676:
672:
338:
310:
241:
8422:
8402:
8215:
5792:
5653:
5546:
5271:
5130:
4809:
4555:
4106:(2005), Moscow: Bol'shaya Rossiyskaya Enciklopediya Publisher, vol. 1, p. 742.
3979:
3125:
2776:
2753:
2729:Учение Карла Маркса и некоторые вопросы социалистического строительства в СССР
2432:
1491:
993:, Andropov authorized an operation to destroy the remains that were buried in
16544:
Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic
16487:
16445:
16435:
16430:
16314:
16182:
15865:
15845:
15825:
15805:
15780:
15737:
15679:
15669:
15498:
15131:
15106:
15075:
15065:
15055:
14865:
14860:
14845:
14787:
14297:
14221:
14071:
13917:
13812:
13777:
13762:
13722:
13264:
13094:
12832:
12742:
12605:
12585:
12472:
12233:
12211:
12176:
11755:
11750:
11705:
11627:
11587:
11336:
11221:
11043:
10866:
10703:
10638:
10582:
10435:
10370:
10361:
10240:
10226:
10163:
10146:
10134:
10068:
10048:
10024:
10008:
9902:
9890:
9775:
9755:
9751:
9731:
9574:
9550:
9466:
9174:
9024:
8833:
8750:
8324:
8258:
8148:
8082:
7746:
6121:
6103:
6091:
6042:
5948:
5533:
5531:
Gribanov, Alexander; Kowell, Masha (2009). "Samizdat according to Andropov".
5051:
4788:
4547:
4490:
3822:
2944:
2026:
1961:
1908:
1817:
1785:
1717:
In late January 1984, Andropov's health deteriorated rapidly. Due to growing
1699:
1694:
1595:
1547:
1478:
1453:
1330:
1259:
1180:
1143:
1029:
in 1968, Andropov was the main advocate of taking "extreme measures" against
1026:
922:
3927:
3270:
2566:
Jubilee Medal "50 Years Anniversary of the Mongolian Revolution" (Mongolia)
2487:
Medal “For Strengthening Friendship in Arms”, Golden class (Czechoslovakia)
2284:
Jubilee Medal "Thirty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
2269:
Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
2218:
2143:
2021:
In a message read at the opening of a new exhibition dedicated to Andropov,
16309:
15928:
15855:
15810:
15544:
15435:
15410:
15136:
15111:
15050:
14932:
14190:
13857:
13807:
13737:
13727:
13581:
13569:
13556:
13362:
13189:
12690:
11938:
11788:
11647:
11642:
11637:
11343:
10463:
10378:
10357:
10344:
10336:
10312:
10304:
10187:
10179:
10124:
9992:
9936:
9882:
9861:
9836:
9665:
9542:
9482:
9401:
8382:
8248:
8020:
7863:
5461:(Central Intelligence Agency, Center for the Study of Intelligence, 1997).
5440:
5349:
5258:
4359:
3714:
3332:
2733:
The teaching of Karl Marx and some issues of socialist building in the USSR
2498:
2108:
2030:
1849:
1821:
1730:
1639:
1262:
1247:
1214:
1154:
1122:
1042:
1006:
853:
493:
327:
5779:
List of Andropov documents related to Andrei Sakharov and other dissidents
4702:"Press Conference after Andropov's funeral | Margaret Thatcher Foundation"
2262:
2203:
2188:
2152:, four times (23 July 1957, 13 June 1964, 2 December 1971, 1–4 June 1974)
2049:, Andropov approved the numerous trials of human rights activists such as
1410:
Andropov divided responsibilities in the Politburo with his chief deputy,
15908:
15795:
15770:
15712:
15674:
15664:
15534:
15085:
15030:
14807:
13902:
13507:
13477:
13332:
13322:
13221:
13084:
12877:
12366:
12196:
12181:
11992:
11840:
11808:
11695:
11510:
11415:
11354:
10408:
10400:
10000:
9964:
9948:
9910:
9232:
8828:
8049:
3907:
3258:
3073:
An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945–1996
2957:
2225:
Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
1965:
1922:
1864:
1801:
1769:
1666:
1583:
1571:
1369:
until May 1982, when he was again promoted to the Secretariat to succeed
1172:
Beginning in January 1972, Andropov led the implementation of the Soviet
1139:
921:
had begun to topple. When other Communist regimes later seemed at risk –
782:
731:
5573:
5295:"Atomic explosion and blast, Andropov's speech against atomic bombs,..."
5115:
Neimanis, George (Summer 1993). "The view from inside: A review essay".
4588:Указ № 428 от 10 февруари 1984 г. Обн. ДВ. бр. 13 от 14 февруари 1984 г.
4283:
Lawrence T. Caldwell, and Robert Legvold, "Reagan through Soviet eyes."
3827:"The KGB's Middle East Files: The fight against Zionism and world Jewry"
3384:
2233:
1669:. Andropov kept secret that the Soviet Union held in its possession the
1250:
would be derailed. Andropov changed his mind after the assassination of
1121:
in January 1969, Andropov led the interrogation of the captured gunman,
1037:, the "KGB whipped up the fear that Czechoslovakia could fall victim to
16410:
16284:
15898:
15684:
15629:
15599:
15529:
15101:
13661:
13372:
13342:
13296:
13211:
13179:
13171:
13114:
12802:
12517:
12206:
12094:
11700:
10455:
10275:
10199:
10116:
9944:
9865:
9638:
8685:
8168:
8054:
5718:
4288:
2826:
2747:] (in Russian). Moscow: Издательство политической литературы. 1984.
2735:] (in Russian). Moscow: Издательство политической литературы. 1983.
2702:
2655:] (in Russian). Moscow: Издательство политической литературы. 1982.
2630:] (in Russian). Moscow: Издательство политической литературы. 1977.
2618:] (in Russian). Moscow: Издательство политической литературы. 1976.
2606:] (in Russian). Moscow: Издательство политической литературы. 1964.
1992:
1949:
1789:
1781:
1599:
1199:
990:
302:
15343:
12315:
8863:
3408:
The Crisis of Détente in Europe: From Helsinki to Gorbachev, 1975–1985
3129:
article from the Sovershenno Sekretno newspaper № 5, 2008 (in Russian)
1550:
launched, and the specific attack on rolling back what he called the "
1173:
16450:
16244:
15963:
15903:
15785:
15395:
15010:
14855:
14751:
14652:
14589:
13957:
13802:
13651:
13624:
13437:
13392:
13301:
13269:
13249:
13241:
12570:
12360:
10443:
10431:
10191:
8200:
6335:
6311:
5629:
5246:
5177:
5024:
2637:
2370:
1740:
1511:
1403:, on 12 November 1982, Andropov was elected general secretary of the
1010:
994:
962:
907:
778:
14120:
8771:
5730:
Hitler's Death: Russia's Last Great Secret from the Files of the KGB
5147:
Autopsy for an empire: the seven leaders who built the Soviet regime
4067:
Autopsy for an empire: The seven leaders who built the Soviet regime
3340:
773:
in Moscow and killed, although Andropov characterized the pogrom as
15800:
15775:
15732:
15566:
15549:
15473:
14750:
14167:
13536:
13377:
13274:
13149:
12968:
12872:
12012:
11870:
11324:
10253:
10171:
9853:
7663:
6291:
5711:
Andropov and Reagan as negotiators: contexts and styles in contrast
5605:
Olcott, Martha Brill. "Yuri Andropov and the ‘national question’."
5560:
3541:""Report from Krasnodar Region KGB", 22 January 1970, Pb 151/XIII,
2624:Коммунистическая убежденность – великая сила строителей нового мира
2386:
2307:
2017:
2014 Postage stamp commemorating the 100th Anniversary of his Birth
1868:
1773:
1734:
1555:
1085:
934:
826:
723:
12656:
Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
5178:"Хроника утекших событий. Наталья Горбаневская: немонотонная речь"
3328:"He may be an economic liberal, but Putin is an Andropov at heart"
3126:
Yuri's childhood and other mysteries from the life of the Chairman
3042:
Regimes of Ethnicity and Nationhood in Germany, Russia, and Turkey
660:, taking office in late 1982 and serving until his death in 1984.
15727:
14802:
13482:
13367:
13357:
13306:
12847:
11592:
10404:
10328:
6894:
6188:
5470:
Glazov, Yuri (1985). "Yuri Andropov: A Recent Leader of Russia".
5327:
5143:
4966:
The Soviet Experiment: Russia, the USSR, and the successor states
2943:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2834:
2526:
1883:
1619:. ... Engaging in this is not just irresponsible. It is insane".
1457:
1218:
818:
31:
5530:
5020:"Andropov birth centenary evokes nostalgia for Soviet hardliner"
4980:"Andropov birth centenary evokes nostalgia for Soviet hardliner"
4727:"The funeral of President Yuri Andropov gave Western leaders..."
2292:
2255:
Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR"
1603:
capitulate. On 8 March 1983, Reagan called the Soviet Union an "
894:
Communist party Membership card issued to Yuri Andropov in 1955.
765:
It was also reported that Andropov's mother came from a line of
59:
15654:
15250:
15171:
13550:
13352:
13291:
12226:
6328:
4408:
2628:
Communist firm belief is a great power of builders of new world
2240:
Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
2002:
1658:
1354:
1146:, originated the idea to use psychiatry for punitive purposes.
940:
770:
759:
4226:
4224:
2329:
Medal "In Commemoration of the 250th Anniversary of Leningrad"
2248:
14035:
13991:
American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation
13497:
13280:
11359:
8494:
7674:
Main Political Directorate of the Soviet Army and Soviet Navy
3627:
2876:
2197:, thrice (23 September 1944, 24 July 1944, 15 February 1961)
1761:
1753:
1752:
A four-day period of mourning across the USSR was announced.
1662:
1559:
822:
652:– 9 February 1984) was a Soviet politician who was the sixth
7803:
League of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class
5854:
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
5623:— М.: Алгоритм-Эксмо, 2010. — 544 с. ISBN 978-5-699-40627-2.
4601:
North Korean Foreign Policy: Security Dilemma and Succession
4013:
3654:
Letter by Andropov to the Central Committee (10 July 1970),
3596:
3025:
Mauricio Borrero, "Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich 1914–1984."
2545:
1127:
Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
658:
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
75:
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
13575:
13457:
11349:
11293:
10271:
9328:
8951:
8575:
8481:
5881:
Second Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
5794:Похороны Андропова (Andropov's funeral, in Russian, 21 min)
5713:. Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress.
4221:
3961:"The Afghanistan war and the breakdown of the Soviet Union"
2870:
2583:
2572:
2005:
vodka, almost never available to ordinary Soviet citizens.
1757:
1579:
1222:
1184:
1038:
1002:
167:
Second Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
7793:
General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia
5556:"In Stalin's footsteps: Yuri Andropov: rise of a dictator"
4943:
No Peter the Great. Vladimir Putin is in the Andropov mold
4424:"Person of the Year 1983: Ronald Reagan and Yuri Andropov"
3753:
3600:
Soviet Psychiatric Abuse: The Shadow Over World Psychiatry
2888:
2507:
2344:
Medal "In Commemoration of the 1500th Anniversary of Kyiv"
1217:, Andropov was particularly keen to persecute any sign of
1076:
opposition in the USSR through a mixture of mass arrests,
15451:
Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe
15430:
14030:
14010:
14005:
11162:
23rd Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
10964:
24th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
10746:
25th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
10508:
26th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
8676:
5821:
5787:
4837:
The House of Government: A Saga of the Russian Revolution
3974:(4). British International Studies Association: 693–708.
2855:
2354:
1366:
974:
813:
Komsomol membership card issued to Yuri Andropov in 1939.
216:
16714:
Third convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities
3799:
Historical Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Intelligence
3765:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3092:
2314:
Jubilee Medal "60 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"
1917:
in the 1980s, called him "profoundly corrupt, a beast".
1895:, the same building in which Suslov and Brezhnev lived.
937:
in 1956, only armed force could ensure their survival".
879:
7813:
Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania
7798:
League of Russian Revolutionary Social Democracy Abroad
6010:
5726:
Vinogradov, V.K.; Pogonyi, J.F.; Teptzov, N.V. (2005).
3238:. Who Appointed Gorbachev? – Moscow: Algorithm, p. 187
2616:
Leninism is science and art of revolutionary creativity
16694:
Seventh convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
7858:
3576:(in Russian). Киев: Издательство «Сфера». p. 42.
3469:. Axis Information and Analysis (AIA). 25 January 2009
2612:Ленинизм – наука и искусство революционного творчества
1921:, later an advisor to Gorbachev and the ideologist of
1518:
Andropov faced a series of foreign policy crises: the
1277:
on 24 December 1979. The invasion led to the extended
1236:
1157:. Some believe that Andropov was behind the deaths of
1053:
Andropov had fabricated. Andropov ordered a number of
804:
16699:
Eighth convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
5972:
4860:
4527:
4525:
3089:
2912:
2891:
2879:
2858:
1682:, the episode demonstrated an inability to deal with
1296:
16709:
Tenth convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
16704:
Ninth convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
16689:
Sixth convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
7664:
All-Union Leninist Young Communist League (Komsomol)
5259:Рой Медведев: Андропов не дожил до своей оттепели...
5041:
4641:"Polská tragédie: Hradec vyvěsí vlajky na půl žerdi"
3887:
Minutes of the CPSU Politburo meeting, 17 March 1979
2885:
2873:
2867:
2864:
2454:
Medal "100 Years of Liberation from Ottoman Slavery"
1520:
hopeless situation of the Soviet army in Afghanistan
16659:
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
5194:
2861:
1744:Konstantin Chernenko, Yuri Andropov's successor as
1473:dismissed 18 ministers and 37 first secretaries of
1361:and promoted reform-minded party cadres, including
5822:Chairman of the State Committee for State Security
5727:
5670:
5580:Armageddon Averted: The Soviet Collapse, 1970–2000
5568:Hough, Jerry F. "Soviet politics under Andropov."
5509:
5474:. D. Reidel Publishing Company. pp. 180–221.
5386:
5221:
4977:
4522:
4196:
1373:as secretary responsible for ideological affairs.
1142:, Andropov and the head of the Fifth Directorate,
1033:. According to classified information released by
16639:Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
5725:
5668:
4230:
4014:Rutland, Peter; Pomper, Philip (17 August 2011).
3801:(e-book). Rowman & Littlefield. p. 261.
3741:. Wilson Center Digital Archive. 20 December 1980
3346:
2661:"Text of Andropov's speech at Brezhnev's funeral"
2095:Various people who knew Andropov well, including
1093:counterintelligence
1071:Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
16519:Heads of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
16485:
13976:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States
5784:The KGB's 1967 Annual Report, signed by Andropov
5673:Yuri Andropov: a secret passage into the Kremlin
5377:1983: Reagan, Andropov, and a World on the Brink
5114:
5091:The System: An Insider's Life in Soviet Politics
4254:
4252:
4233:Yuri Andropov: A Secret Passage Into the Kremlin
3771:
3569:
3151:
15489:Predictions of the collapse of the Soviet Union
12413:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972
11820:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences
5913:Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
5764:Cold War International History Project Bulletin
5496:
5459:A Cold War conundrum: the 1983 soviet war scare
5407:
5356:
5322:Bibliography of the Post Stalinist Soviet Union
5087:
5000:"Putin puts Yuri Andropov back on his pedestal"
4931:Lenin's Tomb:The Last Days of the Soviet Empire
4326:
3861:. Wilson Center Digital Archive. Archived from
3706:
1005:. No proof exists that the Russians ever found
777:. The whole family could have been turned into
16270:Removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria
5553:
5064:
4968:Oxford; Oxford University Press, 1998, p. 449.
4777:"ANDROPOV BURIED AMID SOMBER MARTIAL GRANDEUR"
4146:
4078:
3958:
1828:. Eulogists were Chernenko, Ustinov, Gromyko,
1179:In 1977, Andropov convinced Brezhnev that the
1041:aggression or to a coup". At this time, agent
847:Komsomol in the Soviet Karelo-Finnish Republic
15359:
14736:
14136:
11309:
11146:
10948:
10730:
10492:
9417:
8787:
8467:
8000:
7844:
7669:Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization
5996:
5669:Solovyov, Vladimir; Klepikova, Elena (1983).
5588:
5071:The Polish Quarterly of International Affairs
5037:
5035:
4910:"USSR Diplomatic Passport – Igor Y. Andropov"
4249:
4231:Solovyov, Vladimir; Klepikova, Elena (1983).
4171:
4115:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3075:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p. 25.
2900:
1784:declared one day of mourning. Andropov had a
1714:, where he would spend the rest of his life.
1532:polarization threat of war in the Middle East
1376:
1206:, had become a site of pilgrimage for covert
1020:
30:"Andropov" redirects here. For the city, see
15272:American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee
14052:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
11603:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council
9431:
6287:Political Administration of the Armed Forces
5614:Кто поставил Горбачёва? (Who put Gorbachev?)
5469:
5436:Dossier: The Secret History of Armand Hammer
5384:
5328:Beichman, Arnold; Bernstam, Mikhail (1983).
5144:Volkogonov, Dmitri; Shukman, Harold (1998).
4677:"Mrs. Thatcher will attend Andropov funeral"
4385:Vor dem Sturm: Erinnerungen eines Diplomaten
4356:Reagan and Gorbachev: How the Cold War Ended
3002:Encyclopedia of Contemporary Russian Culture
2987:Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
2514:Order of the Flag of the Republic of Hungary
2008:
1510:between the U.S./NATO and the Soviet Union,
1064:
1009:'s body, but it is presumed that Hitler and
989:and their children would become a shrine to
941:Chairmanship of the KGB and Politburo career
852:According to his official biography, during
213:Chairman of the Committee for State Security
27:Leader of the Soviet Union from 1982 to 1984
16674:Heroes of the People's Republic of Bulgaria
15241:Anti-Zionist Committee of the Soviet Public
12913:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
5693:Andropov in Power: From Komsomol to Kremlin
5175:
4840:. Princeton University Press. p. 926.
2923:[ˈjʉrʲɪjvlɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvʲɪtɕɐnˈdropəf]
2711:Speeches, articles, interviews. A Selection
1836:), and Ivan Senkin (First Secretary of the
1467:
1435:At home, Andropov attempted to improve the
1327:1968 Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
87:12 November 1982 – 9 February 1984
16504:Ambassadors of the Soviet Union to Hungary
15366:
15352:
15282:National Coalition Supporting Soviet Jewry
14743:
14729:
14143:
14129:
14016:United States involvement in regime change
11571:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine
11316:
11302:
11153:
11139:
10955:
10941:
10737:
10723:
10499:
10485:
9424:
9410:
8929:Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev
8794:
8780:
8474:
8460:
8007:
7993:
7851:
7837:
6003:
5989:
5032:
4659:"Decretos Ejecutivos sobre Duelo Nacional"
4651:
4382:
4315:Reagan, Andropov, and a World on the Brink
3573:Советская психиатрия: Заблуждения и умысел
3231:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3178:
2679:. Oxford; New York: Pergamon Press. 1983.
2424:Order of the People's Republic of Bulgaria
1706:In February 1983, Andropov suffered total
16654:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
15236:Communist Party of the Russian Federation
7771:State Committee on the State of Emergency
5171:
5169:
5167:
5042:Кара-Мурза, Владимир (10 February 2009).
4174:The Soviet Colossus:History and Aftermath
3944:The Bukovsky Archives: Communism on Trial
3570:Коротенко, Ада; Аликина, Наталия (2002).
3563:
3543:The Bukovsky Archives: Communism on Trial
3434:
3432:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3032:
2797:Speech against the use of atomic Bombs -
2775:
2405:Hero of the People's Republic of Bulgaria
1964:. By contrast, the leaders of the former
1840:of the CPSU). Andropov was buried in the
1737:, worsened by chronic kidney deficiency.
1348:
1333:. This effectively marked the end of the
1129:an elaborate plan to create a network of
971:Secretariat of the CPSU Central Committee
872:In 1951, Andropov was transferred to the
867:Communist Party of the Karelo-Finnish SSR
10360:/ Ella Watson-Stryker / Foday Gollah /
7818:Union of Russian Social Democrats Abroad
4833:
4258:
3959:Reuveny, Rafael; Prakash, Aseem (1999).
3628:Felshtinsky, Yuri; Gulko, Boris (2013).
3487:
3162:(in Russian) (40): 30–34. Archived from
3147:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3066:
3064:
3062:
2751:
2012:
1935:
1882:
1739:
1693:
1621:
1501:
1421:
1386:
1300:
1246:negotiation meeting with U.S. President
1105:
944:
889:
829:), Andropov was a worker in the town of
808:
15894:Beijing Students' Autonomous Federation
15373:
14660:Pictures from Afghanistan (documentary)
14212:Islamic Unity of Afghanistan Mujahideen
12142:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia)
5429:
4933:. New York; Random House, 1993, p. 191.
4751:"Похороны Юрия Владимировича Андропова"
4353:
3821:
3796:
3759:
3597:Bloch, Sidney; Reddaway, Peter (1985).
3467:"Eurasian Secret Services Daily Review"
3400:
3398:
3218:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3108:
1973:Despite Andropov's hard-line stance in
1383:History of the Soviet Union (1982–1991)
1309:meeting Andropov during the 1982 crisis
179:24 May 1982 – 10 November 1982
131:16 June 1983 – 9 February 1984
14:
16669:Collars of the Order of the White Lion
16509:Burials at the Kremlin Wall Necropolis
16486:
15577:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
15514:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
13986:Russian espionage in the United States
12258:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
5708:
5425:from the original on 25 February 2002.
5164:
4638:
4421:
3648:
3512:
3438:
3429:
3363:. London: Penguin Books. p. 431.
3358:
3275:
3070:
3038:
1710:. In August 1983, he entered Moscow's
1221:in order to distance himself from his
1119:assassination attempt against Brezhnev
15924:Initiative for Peace and Human Rights
15347:
14724:
14547:Military equipment used by Mujahideen
14150:
14124:
13981:Soviet espionage in the United States
12137:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966
11916:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution
11581:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
11297:
11134:
10936:
10718:
10480:
9405:
8801:
8775:
8455:
7988:
7832:
5984:
5971:
5703:Critique: Journal of Socialist Theory
5637:
5472:The Russian Mind Since Stalin's Death
4907:
4861:Tommy O'callaghan (10 October 2018).
4774:
4476:
3668:
3490:The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union
3132:
3059:
2921:
2697:. Moscow: Progress Publishers. 1984.
2592:
2210:Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War"
1844:, in one of the 12 tombs between the
880:Suppression of the Hungarian Uprising
14705:
14057:Soviet Union–United States relations
12408:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China
9837:The Generation Twenty-Five and Under
7788:Bloc of Communists and Non-Partisans
7212:CC of the 7th Conf. (Apr.–Aug. 1917)
5516:. Texas A & M University Press.
4925:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4534:"ANDROPOV: DEATH OF A SOVIET LEADER"
4422:Church, George J. (1 January 1984).
4333:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 4–5.
4122:. Oxford University Press. pp.
3905:
3519:. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 191.
3404:
3395:
3352:
3105:
2114:
1948:According to his former subordinate
1689:
1542:. The most critical threat was the "
1317:, Andropov, Soviet Second Secretary
1313:On 10 December 1981, in the face of
785:background, and left Moscow for the
15231:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
14886:Dymshits–Kuznetsov hijacking affair
14021:Soviet involvement in regime change
8919:Reaction to 1980–1981 Polish crisis
8312:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
6012:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
5357:Bialer, Seweryn (3 February 1983).
5331:Andropov, New Challenge to the West
5150:. Simon and Schuster. p. 342.
4978:Miletitch, Nicolas (29 July 2014).
4775:Burns, John F. (15 February 1984).
4597:
4477:Burns, John F. (11 February 1984).
4097:
4016:"Stalin caused the Soviet collapse"
3772:Robert K. Massie (13 August 1995),
3152:Denis Babichenko (3 October 2005).
1911:, who covered the Soviet Union for
1237:Role in the invasion of Afghanistan
805:Early career in the Communist Party
542:1962–1967 & 1982–1984: Member,
24:
16524:Heads of state of the Soviet Union
14937:Commonwealth of Independent States
14500:Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan
14196:Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
14062:Soviet Union–United States summits
11536:1947 Polish parliamentary election
11421:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
8365:League of Communists of Yugoslavia
8183:Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party
5749:
5315:
4887:. St. Martin's. 1985. p. 74.
4456:Intelligence and National Security
3859:International History Declassified
1417:
1297:Role in the non-invasion of Poland
230:18 May 1967 – 26 May 1982
119:Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
25:
16730:
16559:People from Stavropol Governorate
15421:Eastern Bloc media and propaganda
15406:Criticism of communist party rule
15277:Union of Councils for Soviet Jews
12823:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
12758:United States invasion of Grenada
12028:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
11969:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania
8962:1983 false nuclear alarm incident
8098:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
5973:Articles related to Yuri Andropov
5772:
5691:Steele, Jonathan; Abraham, Eric.
5554:Herman, Victor (September 1983).
4916:
4512:"Syria Orders 7 Days of Mourning"
3261:city directory, 1914 (in Russian)
3158:[Legendary Personality].
2195:Order of the Red Banner of Labour
1764:declared three days of mourning;
1756:declared seven days of mourning;
1607:". On 23 March, he announced the
1576:Palestine Liberation Organization
1497:
1269:" that would attempt to dominate
679:and Grechko's successor, Marshal
117:Chairman of the Presidium of the
16649:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
16467:Human rights in the Soviet Union
15426:Emigration from the Eastern Bloc
15193:
15170:
14813:Emigration from the Eastern Bloc
14793:Antisemitism in the Soviet Union
14704:
14695:
14694:
14682:
12898:United States invasion of Panama
12748:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War
12388:1971 Turkish military memorandum
12351:Communist insurgency in Thailand
12321:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
12253:Communist insurgency in Malaysia
12080:Assassination of John F. Kennedy
12008:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
11526:Restatement of Policy on Germany
8531:
8179:Hungarian Working People's Party
8141:Socialist Unity Party of Germany
7808:Siberian Social-Democratic Union
5589:Medvedev, Roy (1 January 1984).
5287:
4598:Kim, Yongho (16 December 2010).
4002:The Rise & Fall of Communism
3307:: The KGB in Europe and the West
3027:Encyclopedia of Modern Dictators
2938:
2851:
2792:Supreme Soviet - June 16, 1983.
2578:Military Merit Cross of Colonel
2571:
2559:
2544:
2525:
2506:
2480:
2461:
2446:
2431:
2416:
2397:
2392:Order of the Star (Afghanistan)
2385:
2369:
2336:
2321:
2306:
2291:
2276:
2261:
2247:
2232:
2217:
2202:
2187:
2172:
2157:
2142:
2127:
1878:
1760:declared four days of mourning;
1426:Original CIA profile on Andropov
667:. Later under the leadership of
436:
374:
58:
16564:People of the Soviet–Afghan War
16375:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
16305:Fall of the inner German border
14916:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
13618:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
12999:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
12928:Fall of the inner German border
12828:1988 Black Sea bumping incident
12478:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
12468:Spanish transition to democracy
12428:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency
12055:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
11561:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948
11442:Occupation of the Baltic states
5264:
5252:
5240:
5215:
5188:
5137:
5108:
5081:
5058:
5012:
4992:
4971:
4958:
4936:
4901:
4877:
4854:
4827:
4802:
4768:
4743:
4719:
4694:
4669:
4639:Šprinc, Radek (14 April 2010).
4632:
4618:
4591:
4582:
4504:
4470:
4461:
4448:
4415:
4401:
4376:
4347:
4320:
4307:
4294:
4277:
4190:
4165:
4140:
4109:
4072:
4059:
4037:
4028:
4007:
3994:
3968:Review of International Studies
3952:
3934:
3899:
3880:
3844:
3815:
3790:
3731:
3700:
3621:
3590:
3533:
3506:
3481:
3459:
3385:"A Chronicle of Current Events"
3377:
3320:
3264:
3248:
2165:Order of the October Revolution
1962:1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia
1776:declared two days of mourning;
933:, he was convinced that, as in
596:1954–1957: Ambassador, Hungary
384:
16365:Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact
15504:Terrorism and the Soviet Union
14906:Freedom Sunday for Soviet Jews
14552:Afghanistan War Memorial, Kyiv
12398:Four Power Agreement on Berlin
12033:Mozambican War of Independence
11472:Indonesian National Revolution
8854:Brezhnev assassination attempt
7699:Group of Democratic Centralism
4149:Soviet Politics in Perspective
4081:Soviet Politics in Perspective
3045:. Cambridge University Press.
3019:
3005:. Routledge. 28 October 2013.
2993:
2975:
2844:
2815:
2695:Selected speeches and articles
2641:(in Russian). 10 October 1977.
1808:, East German First Secretary
789:along with Andropov's mother.
511:Central institution membership
13:
1:
16385:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
15984:Inter-regional Deputies Group
15969:National League for Democracy
14765:
13996:CIA and the Cultural Cold War
13011:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
12964:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident
12686:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts
12651:Seven Days to the River Rhine
12383:Corrective Revolution (Egypt)
11670:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état
11598:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état
8844:1968 Red Square demonstration
8487:Soviet secret police agencies
7207:CC of the 6th Conf. (1912–17)
7192:CC of the 1st Conf. (1905–06)
6307:Transportation-Communications
6302:Trade and Consumers' Services
6282:Planning and Financial Organs
5695:(HIA Book Collection, 1984),
5612:Ostrovsky, Alexander (2010).
5226:. Russlit. pp. 120–121.
4383:Kwizinskij, Julij A. (1993).
4354:Matlock, Jack F. Jr. (2005).
4176:. M. E. Sharpe. p. 315.
4083:. Routledge. pp. 73–74.
3389:A Chronicle of Current Events
2932:
2823:Eastern Slavic naming customs
2798:
2376:Order of the Sun of Liberty (
1341:was thus left to Jaruzelski,
1321:, and Polish First Secretary
817:Andropov was educated at the
717:
16295:Alexanderplatz demonstration
16260:Polish Round Table Agreement
15934:People's Movement of Ukraine
12989:Fall of communism in Albania
12959:Mongolian Revolution of 1990
12908:Polish Round Table Agreement
12248:1968 Polish political crisis
12065:Eritrean War of Independence
11831:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
11726:East German uprising of 1953
11658:Chinese Communist Revolution
11323:
8977:1984 Summer Olympics boycott
8899:1978 Georgian demonstrations
8236:Polish United Workers' Party
5480:10.1007/978-94-009-5341-3_10
5364:The New York Review of Books
5195:Kryuchkov, Vladimir (2004).
5094:. Times Books. p. 270.
4259:Medvedev, Zhores A. (1983).
3445:. I.B. Tauris. p. 177.
3205:"Biography of Yuri Andropov"
2950:"Biography of Yuri Andropov"
2914:Yuriy Vladimirovich Andropov
1609:Strategic Defense Initiative
1528:growing animosity with China
1315:Poland's Solidarity movement
1001:, a tributary of the nearby
886:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
585:Other political offices held
7:
16340:January Events in Lithuania
16275:Hungarian Round Table Talks
15914:Democratic Party of Albania
12863:Korean Air Lines Flight 007
12591:Korean Air Lines Flight 902
12336:Corrective Movement (Syria)
12300:New People's Army rebellion
12295:Sino-Soviet border conflict
12023:Angolan War of Independence
11886:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
11766:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état
11411:Jamaican political conflict
8957:Korean Air Lines Flight 007
8859:Sino-Soviet border conflict
8824:Glassboro Summit Conference
5755:Johanna Granville, trans.,
5510:Granville, Johanna (2004).
5222:Medvedev, Vladimir (1994).
5176:Кашин, Олег (22 May 2008).
4197:Gorbachev, Mikhail (1996).
3912:. New York: Penguin Press.
3797:Pringle, Robert W. (2015).
2913:
1838:Karelian Regional Committee
1524:threatened revolt in Poland
1357:after the emergence of the
1202:revolutionaries during the
1082:Chronicle of Current Events
642:Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov
10:
16735:
16644:Heroes of Socialist Labour
16554:People from Stavropol Krai
16514:Deaths from kidney failure
15994:Hungarian Democratic Forum
15989:Alliance of Free Democrats
15979:Union of Democratic Forces
15081:Menachem Mendel Schneerson
14823:Anti-cosmopolitan campaign
14480:Battle of Arghandab (1987)
13059:Sino-Indian border dispute
12888:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
12818:1987–1989 JVP insurrection
12576:1976 Argentine coup d'état
12488:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
12438:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état
12122:1964 Brazilian coup d'état
12090:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964
11779:First Taiwan Strait Crisis
11546:Asian Relations Conference
9698:Hungarian Freedom Fighters
8839:Invasion of Czechoslovakia
8042:Party of Labour of Albania
7753:Bloc of Soviet Oppositions
7747:Union of Marxist-Leninists
5319:
4387:. Berlin: Siedler Verlag.
4104:Great Russian Encyclopedia
3774:"THE LAST ROMANOV MYSTERY"
3492:. Routledge. p. 354.
3361:Berlin: The downfall, 1945
3236:Alexander Ostrovsky (2010)
2902:Юрий Владимирович Андропов
2821:In this name that follows
2713:. South Asia Books. 1984.
1855:Andropov was succeeded by
1746:leader of The Soviet Union
1430:
1380:
1377:Leader of the Soviet Union
1291:Soviet Union's dissolution
1068:
1021:Crushing the Prague Spring
883:
688:leader of the Soviet Union
654:leader of the Soviet Union
603:Leader of the Soviet Union
29:
16459:
16393:
16355:1991 protests in Belgrade
16235:
16160:
16069:
16011:
16002:
15884:
15746:
15693:
15590:
15522:
15459:
15381:
15315:
15290:
15259:
15223:
15216:
15185:
15162:
15155:
15094:
15043:
15001:
14944:
14931:
14924:
14878:
14831:
14780:
14773:
14762:
14676:
14667:Bitter Lake (documentary)
14560:
14529:
14508:
14432:
14366:
14316:
14270:
14263:
14204:
14183:
14176:
14158:
14095:
14044:
13966:
13943:William Appleman Williams
13888:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
13670:
13642:
13591:
13523:
13516:
13450:
13315:
13240:
13170:
13163:
13072:
13019:
12951:
12664:
12403:Bangladesh Liberation War
12393:1971 Sudanese coup d'état
12308:
12280:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
12268:1968 Peruvian coup d'état
11931:
11706:Arab Cold War (1952–1979)
11683:
11393:
11331:
11235:
11169:
11072:
10971:
10859:
10753:
10631:
10515:
10218:
9984:
9649:
9639:The American Fighting-Man
9442:
9362:
9321:
9314:
9266:
9222:
8990:
8942:
8934:Legacy of Leonid Brezhnev
8809:
8762:
8675:
8612:
8574:
8540:
8529:
8493:
8363:
8310:
8282:
8230:
8177:
8139:
8096:
8065:Bulgarian Communist Party
8063:
8040:
8031:
8027:
7947:
7870:
7780:
7686:
7651:
7611:
7496:
7489:
7423:
7330:
7167:
7158:
7116:
7088:
7045:
7033:
6966:
6893:
6770:
6637:
6628:
6621:
6509:
6356:
6349:
6320:
6277:Organisational-party Work
6202:
6171:
6082:
6027:
6018:
5978:
5956:
5942:
5934:
5929:
5919:
5910:
5902:
5897:
5887:
5878:
5870:
5860:
5851:
5843:
5838:
5828:
5819:
5811:
5806:
5734:. London: Chaucer Press.
5654:10.1080/14682740902764528
5547:10.1215/03335372-2008-004
5359:"The Andropov succession"
5249:. TASS (14 February 2019)
5131:10.1080/01629779300000071
5118:Journal of Baltic Studies
4908:Topol, Tom (2 May 2022).
4814:Reuters Archive Licensing
4263:. New York: W.W. Norton.
4151:. Routledge. p. 74.
3980:10.1017/S0260210599006932
3516:KGB: State Within a State
3513:Albats, Yevgenia (1995).
3488:McCauley, Martin (2014).
3442:KGB: state within a state
3439:Albats, Yevgenia (1995).
3309:, Gardners Books (2000),
3015:– via Google Books.
2901:
2777:10.1080/03064229508535948
2600:Ленинизм озаряет наш путь
2009:Attitudes toward Andropov
1940:Grave of Andropov at the
1901:
1812:, Polish First Secretary
1800:, West German Chancellor
1796:, British Prime Minister
1712:Central Clinical Hospital
1675:Soviet air defence system
1651:Korean Air Flight KAL-007
1345:and their Polish forces.
1287:1980 Summer Olympic Games
1065:Suppression of dissidents
900:1956 Hungarian Revolution
703:, and, most importantly,
635:
507:
489:
479:
471:
457:
449:
444:
432:
422:
394:
366:
355:
344:
334:
316:
288:
283:
279:
267:
255:
234:
223:
210:
198:
183:
172:
165:
161:Vasily Kuznetsov (acting)
155:
151:Vasily Kuznetsov (acting)
145:
135:
124:
115:
103:
91:
80:
73:
69:
57:
48:
41:
16345:January Events in Latvia
16335:Reunification of Germany
16320:1990s post-Soviet aliyah
16250:1987–1989 Tibetan unrest
15974:National Salvation Front
15959:Belarusian Popular Front
15949:Popular Front of Estonia
15718:Polish underground press
15479:List of socialist states
14756:1990s post-Soviet aliyah
14521:Kabul students' uprising
12718:1980 Turkish coup d'état
12553:Cambodian–Vietnamese War
12523:1978 Somali coup attempt
12483:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
12448:1973 Chilean coup d'état
12273:Revolutionary Government
12167:South African Border War
11959:1960 Turkish coup d'état
11876:Iraqi 14 July Revolution
11731:1953 Iranian coup d'état
11711:1952 Egyptian revolution
10356:: Dr. Jerry Brown / Dr.
8904:Cambodian–Vietnamese War
8894:1977 Soviet constitution
8284:Romanian Communist Party
6267:Light- and Food Industry
5930:Awards and achievements
5839:Party political offices
5572:82.486 (1983): 330–346.
5088:Arbatov, Georgy (1992).
4985:The Daily Star (Lebanon)
4706:www.margaretthatcher.org
4327:Jonathan Steele (1984).
3707:Seliktar, Ofira (2004).
3572:
3271:БИОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ УКАЗАТЕЛЬ
3154:
3071:Jessup, John E. (1998).
2808:
2604:Leninism illumes our way
2439:Order of Georgi Dimitrov
1931:Prime Minister of Russia
1816:, Indian Prime Minister
1536:civil strife in Ethiopia
1468:Anti-corruption campaign
1267:New Great Ottoman Empire
969:and was promoted to the
692:the Cold War intensified
644:(15 June [
557:1961–1984: Full member,
335:Cause of death
49:
16684:Time Person of the Year
16421:Economic liberalization
16360:1991 Belarusian strikes
16300:Fall of the Berlin Wall
15954:Public Against Violence
15944:Popular Front of Latvia
15723:Political demonstration
15572:Chinese economic reform
15484:People Power Revolution
14896:Jackson–Vanik amendment
14229:Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin
12923:Fall of the Berlin Wall
12868:People Power Revolution
12853:Central American crisis
12793:1986 Black Sea incident
12443:1973 Afghan coup d'état
12341:Western Sahara conflict
12152:1966 Syrian coup d'état
12075:1963 Syrian coup d'état
12018:Portuguese Colonial War
11981:First Iraqi–Kurdish War
11746:1954 Syrian coup d'état
11623:Annexation of Hyderabad
11566:1947–1949 Palestine war
9854:The Apollo 8 Astronauts
5709:Whelan, Joseph (1983).
5705:, 16.1 (1988): 111–122.
5633:(in Russian) (7). 1991.
5065:Cichowlas, Ola (2013).
4834:Slezkine, Yuri (2017).
4235:. New York: Macmillan.
4147:Sakwa, Richard (1998).
4079:Sakwa, Richard (1998).
3405:Nuti, Leopoldo (2009).
3359:Beevor, Antony (2003).
2752:Andropov, Y.V. (1995).
2552:Order of the Red Banner
2469:Order of the White Lion
2426:, 1st class (Bulgaria)
2353:Honorary Member of the
2180:Order of the Red Banner
2135:Hero of Socialist Labor
1942:Kremlin Wall Necropolis
1842:Kremlin Wall Necropolis
1834:Union of Soviet Writers
1680:1986 Chernobyl disaster
1591:conflict in Afghanistan
1589:In foreign policy, the
1078:involuntary commitments
726:Nagutskaya (modern-day
665:1956 Hungarian Uprising
349:Kremlin Wall Necropolis
16569:People of the Cold War
15555:New political thinking
15323:Russian Jews in Israel
14689:Afghanistan portal
14542:War in popular culture
14537:Soviet aircraft losses
14460:Battle of Maravar Pass
13217:Neoclassical economics
12728:Gulf of Sidra incident
12285:1969 Libyan revolution
11976:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
11761:1954 Geneva Conference
11521:Turkish straits crisis
11516:Corfu Channel incident
11268:Volodymyr Shcherbytsky
11049:Volodymyr Shcherbytsky
10836:Volodymyr Shcherbytsky
10593:Volodymyr Shcherbytsky
9813:Martin Luther King Jr.
8292:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
8015:Leaders of the ruling
6172:Decision-making bodies
5945:Time's Men of the Year
4663:cijulenlinea.ucr.ac.cr
4172:Kort, Michael (2001).
4116:Brown, Archie (1996).
3347:Vinogradov et al. 2005
3039:Aktürk, Şener (2012).
2018:
1971:
1945:
1888:
1873:the USSR was dissolved
1824:, and Irish President
1749:
1723:interstitial nephritis
1703:
1635:
1515:
1427:
1396:
1349:Promotion of Gorbachev
1339:pacification of Poland
1310:
1123:Viktor Ivanovich Ilyin
1114:
1101:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
967:CPSU Central Committee
958:
895:
874:CPSU Central Committee
856:Andropov took part in
814:
797:. Andropov joined the
531:1967–1973: Candidate,
16426:Post-Soviet conflicts
16380:Tajikistani Civil War
16330:Revolution on Granite
16290:Monday Demonstrations
15816:Sanjaasürengiin Zorig
15650:Mengistu Haile Mariam
15416:Eastern Bloc politics
15267:Jewish Defense League
15246:Moscow Helsinki Group
14067:Russia–NATO relations
13948:Jonathan Reed Winkler
13232:Democratic capitalism
13227:Supply-side economics
13195:American conservatism
12994:Breakup of Yugoslavia
12883:Bougainville conflict
12798:South Yemen civil war
12733:Martial law in Poland
12596:Nicaraguan Revolution
12571:Dirty War (Argentina)
12378:1971 JVP insurrection
12192:Years of Lead (Italy)
12070:North Yemen civil war
11988:Berlin Crisis of 1961
11964:Albanian–Soviet split
11896:1959 Tibetan uprising
11861:Syrian Crisis of 1957
11716:Iraqi Intifada (1952)
11576:1948 Arab–Israeli War
10270:The Good Samaritans:
9567:Franklin D. Roosevelt
9507:Franklin D. Roosevelt
9491:Franklin D. Roosevelt
8819:Collective leadership
8563:Vyacheslav Menzhinsky
8232:Polish Workers' Party
6336:Bolshevik / Kommunist
6297:Science and Education
6212:Administrative Organs
6179:Politburo / Presidium
5619:7 August 2022 at the
5609:37.1 (1985): 103–117.
5385:Ebon, Martin (1983).
4964:Suny, Ronald Grigor,
4302:Autopsy for an empire
4203:. Doubleday. p.
3661:11 March 2007 at the
2676:Speeches and writings
2086:Natalya Gorbanevskaya
2071:Natalya Gorbanevskaya
2016:
1958:
1939:
1891:Andropov lived at 26
1886:
1743:
1719:toxicity in his blood
1697:
1625:
1505:
1425:
1390:
1381:Further information:
1304:
1131:psychiatric hospitals
1109:
948:
910:and others executed.
893:
812:
795:Imperial Russian Army
787:Stavropol Governorate
648:2 June] 1914
472:Years of service
307:Stavropol Governorate
15836:Vytautas Landsbergis
15831:Viacheslav Chornovil
15660:Denis Sassou Nguesso
14632:The Living Daylights
14618:Charlie Wilson's War
14490:Battle for Hill 3234
14334:Abdullah Yusuf Azzam
14288:Konstantin Chernenko
14241:Hezb-e Islami Khalis
13488:Non-Aligned Movement
13110:Peaceful coexistence
13064:North Borneo dispute
12979:German reunification
12974:Min Ping Yu No. 5202
12672:Salvadoran Civil War
12621:Grand Mosque seizure
12616:Yemenite War of 1979
12508:Mozambican Civil War
12463:Carnation Revolution
12418:Yemenite War of 1972
12356:1970 Polish protests
12187:1967 Hong Kong riots
12162:Argentine Revolution
12112:Guatemalan Civil War
12040:Cuban Missile Crisis
11954:Bay of Pigs Invasion
11826:1956 Poznań protests
11804:Geneva Summit (1955)
11406:Hukbalahap Rebellion
11385:Non-Aligned Movement
10902:Konstantin Chernenko
10841:Konstantin Chernenko
10588:Konstantin Chernenko
10387:The Silence Breakers
10254:The American Soldier
10235:The Whistleblowers:
10093:The Endangered Earth
9875:The Middle Americans
9829:William Westmoreland
9722:Dwight D. Eisenhower
9591:Dwight D. Eisenhower
9258:Konstantin Chernenko
8972:Uzbek cotton scandal
8914:1980 Summer Olympics
8889:1977 Moscow bombings
8702:Vladimir Semichastny
8350:Konstantin Chernenko
7187:3rd (Apr.–Dec. 1905)
6903:7th (Jan.–Mar. 1919)
6146:Konstantin Chernenko
6067:Konstantin Chernenko
5891:Konstantin Chernenko
5874:Konstantin Chernenko
5864:Konstantin Chernenko
5815:Vladimir Semichastny
5379:(Hachette UK, 2018).
4955:, 20 September 2004.
4458:3.4 (1988): 128–133.
4300:Dimitri Volkogonov,
4119:The Gorbachev Factor
4065:Dimitri Volkogonov,
3906:Coll, Steve (2004).
3892:4 March 2016 at the
3634:. SCB Distributors.
3607:. pp. 187–188.
3413:Taylor & Francis
3155:Легендарная личность
2802: December 1982
2101:Aleksandr Chuchyalin
2059:Viacheslav Chornovil
1984:eventual dissolution
1857:Konstantin Chernenko
1804:, Italian President
1506:Protest against the
1412:Konstantin Chernenko
1110:Andropov in 1974 as
498:Hungarian Revolution
262:Vladimir Semichastny
205:Konstantin Chernenko
190:Konstantin Chernenko
110:Konstantin Chernenko
16280:Pan-European Picnic
16255:1988 Polish strikes
15635:Wojciech Jaruzelski
15375:Revolutions of 1989
14485:Operation Magistral
14450:Panjshir offensives
14440:Operation Storm-333
14433:Military operations
14354:Burhanuddin Rabbani
14339:Gulbuddin Hekmatyar
14308:Abdul Rashid Dostum
14303:Mohammad Najibullah
13933:Alex von Tunzelmann
13923:Vladimir Tismăneanu
13848:Thomas J. McCormick
13843:Jack F. Matlock Jr.
13743:Robert Hugh Ferrell
13606:Crusade for Freedom
13403:Illiberal democracy
13287:Ho Chi Minh Thought
13090:Eisenhower Doctrine
12943:Peaceful Revolution
12938:Romanian Revolution
12918:Revolutions of 1989
12903:1988 Polish strikes
12813:Operation INFEKTION
12808:1987 Lieyu massacre
12713:Eritrean Civil Wars
12696:Peruvian Revolution
12646:1979 Herat uprising
12636:Sino-Vietnamese War
12601:Uganda–Tanzania War
12581:Egyptian–Libyan War
12548:Third Indochina War
12543:Sino-Albanian split
12533:Ethiopian Civil War
12433:Eritrean Civil Wars
12373:Ping-pong diplomacy
12346:Cambodian Civil War
12172:Korean DMZ Conflict
12157:Cultural Revolution
12127:Dominican Civil War
12105:Tlatelolco massacre
11891:1959 Mosul uprising
11881:1958 Lebanon crisis
11608:Al-Wathbah uprising
11531:First Indochina War
11501:Iran crisis of 1946
11110:Mikhail Solomentsev
10912:Eduard Shevardnadze
10892:Mikhail Solomentsev
10674:Eduard Shevardnadze
10669:Mikhail Solomentsev
10623:Eduard Shevardnadze
10603:Mikhail Solomentsev
10452:Volodymyr Zelenskyy
9436:Persons of the Year
8274:Mieczysław Rakowski
8269:Wojciech Jaruzelski
7948:Vice heads of state
7705:Workers' Opposition
7332:Auditing Commission
6622:Leadership sittings
6084:General Secretaries
5807:Government offices
5431:Epstein, Edward Jay
5413:"The Andropov hoax"
5411:(7 February 1983).
4885:The Annual Obituary
4604:. Lexington Books.
4542:. Washington, D.C.
4539:The Washington Post
4518:. 11 February 1984.
4047:. Edward Jayepstein
4045:"The Andropov Hoax"
3868:on 29 November 2022
3825:(12 January 2016).
3762:, pp. 265–266.
3656:English translation
3349:, pp. 335–336.
2763:Index on Censorship
2669:. 16 November 1982.
2580:Francisco Bolognesi
2533:Order of Sukhbaatar
2212:, 1st class (1943)
1914:The Washington Post
1893:Kutuzovsky Prospekt
1814:Wojciech Jaruzelski
1640:space-based weapons
1628:prohibited airspace
1514:, Netherlands, 1983
1488:Eduard Shevardnadze
1442:economic stagnation
1359:Solidarity movement
1323:Wojciech Jaruzelski
1307:Wojciech Jaruzelski
1271:Soviet Central Asia
1252:Nur Muhammad Taraki
849:from 1940 to 1944.
842:full-time secretary
835:North Ossetian ASSR
750:from 1913 to 1917.
675:, Defense Minister
484:General of the Army
462:Soviet Armed Forces
427:Kutuzovsky Prospekt
16679:Russian communists
15640:Slobodan Milošević
15509:Vatican Opposition
15127:Benjamin Netanyahu
14639:The Magic Mountain
14349:Abdul Rahim Wardak
14324:Ahmad Shah Massoud
14234:Maktab al-Khidamat
14087:Russian Revolution
13883:Mary Elise Sarotte
13868:William B. Pickett
13793:Patrick J. Hearden
13773:Gabriel Gorodetsky
13768:Timothy Garton Ash
13753:Anneli Ute Gabanyi
13348:Ethnic nationalism
13100:Hallstein Doctrine
12984:Yemeni unification
12773:1985 Geneva Summit
12738:Casamance conflict
12641:New Jewel Movement
12626:Iranian Revolution
12611:Chadian–Libyan War
12558:Cambodian conflict
12538:Lebanese Civil War
12528:Western Sahara War
12503:June 1976 protests
12498:Cambodian genocide
12263:17 July Revolution
12217:Nigerian Civil War
12132:Rhodesian Bush War
12117:Colombian conflict
12060:Ramadan Revolution
11799:Bandung Conference
11675:Operation Valuable
11556:Partition of India
11273:Dinmukhamed Kunaev
11207:Alexander Shelepin
11039:Alexander Shelepin
11009:Dinmukhamed Kunaev
10801:Dinmukhamed Kunaev
10553:Dinmukhamed Kunaev
10017:Ayatollah Khomeini
9682:John Foster Dulles
8944:Events (1982–1985)
8879:Vladivostok Summit
8811:Events (1964–1982)
8734:Vladimir Kryuchkov
8694:Alexander Shelepin
8398:Dragoslav Marković
8302:Nicolae Ceaușescu
7490:Wider organisation
7425:Control Commission
7038:Control Commission
6194:Control Commission
6116:Vyacheslav Molotov
6110:Nikolay Krestinsky
5898:Political offices
4781:The New York Times
4626:"Strategic Review"
4574:has generic name (
4516:The New York Times
4483:The New York Times
4362:. pp. 41–46.
4304:(1998) pp 358–360.
4069:(1998) pp 344–345.
3295:Christopher Andrew
3166:on 22 October 2007
2666:The New York Times
2593:Speeches and works
2495:Order of Karl Marx
2105:Vladimir Kryuchkov
2067:Alexander Ginzburg
2063:Zviad Gamsakhurdia
2019:
1946:
1919:Alexander Yakovlev
1889:
1863:, who implemented
1820:, Cuban President
1750:
1704:
1636:
1516:
1428:
1397:
1311:
1281:(1979–1989) and a
1275:invade Afghanistan
1115:
959:
915:Christopher Andrew
896:
858:partisan guerrilla
815:
736:Ryazan Governorate
577:Central Committee
381:Tatyana Filippovna
16481:
16480:
16475:
16474:
16401:Colour revolution
16231:
16230:
16198:Congo-Brazzaville
15919:Democratic Russia
15876:Pope John Paul II
15871:George H. W. Bush
15821:Vladimir Bukovsky
15610:Mikhail Gorbachev
15605:Nicolae Ceaușescu
15391:Era of Stagnation
15341:
15340:
15311:
15310:
15212:
15211:
15208:
15207:
15200:Nicolae Ceaușescu
15177:Władysław Gomułka
15061:George H. W. Bush
15039:
15038:
14968:Mikhail Gorbachev
14911:Operation Solomon
14874:
14873:
14718:
14717:
14509:Civilian protests
14470:Battles of Zhawar
14362:
14361:
14293:Mikhail Gorbachev
14259:
14258:
14152:Soviet–Afghan War
14118:
14117:
14105:List of conflicts
13953:Rudolph Winnacker
13898:Giles Scott-Smith
13873:Ronald E. Powaski
13828:Melvyn P. Leffler
13758:John Lewis Gaddis
13733:Robert D. English
13698:Warren H. Carroll
13688:Michael Beschloss
13657:Nuclear arms race
13638:
13637:
13544:Neues Deutschland
13446:
13445:
13428:White nationalism
13398:Liberal democracy
13135:Ulbricht Doctrine
13125:Brezhnev Doctrine
12933:Velvet Revolution
12677:Soviet–Afghan War
12493:Angolan Civil War
12290:Goulash Communism
12147:ASEAN Declaration
12100:Mexican Dirty War
11998:Annexation of Goa
11949:1960 U-2 incident
11923:Sino-Soviet split
11901:Laotian Civil War
11741:Bricker Amendment
11721:Mau Mau rebellion
11665:Malayan Emergency
11653:Chinese Civil War
11613:Tito–Stalin split
11467:Division of Korea
11291:
11290:
11253:Vasil Mzhavanadze
11236:Candidate members
11128:
11127:
11095:Vasil Mzhavanadze
11073:Candidate members
10930:
10929:
10917:Mikhail Gorbachev
10860:Candidate members
10851:Mikhail Gorbachev
10712:
10711:
10684:Vitaly Vorotnikov
10632:Candidate members
10598:Vitaly Vorotnikov
10533:Mikhail Gorbachev
10474:
10473:
10456:Spirit of Ukraine
10156:Pope John Paul II
10133:The Peacemakers:
10109:George H. W. Bush
10101:Mikhail Gorbachev
10085:Mikhail Gorbachev
9929:Susan Brownmiller
9845:Lyndon B. Johnson
9821:Lyndon B. Johnson
9730:U.S. Scientists:
9714:Charles de Gaulle
9706:Nikita Khrushchev
9658:Mohammed Mosaddeq
9631:Winston Churchill
9559:Winston Churchill
9451:Charles Lindbergh
9399:
9398:
9395:
9394:
8991:Politburo members
8909:Soviet–Afghan War
8849:Brezhnev Doctrine
8803:Era of Stagnation
8769:
8768:
8742:Leonid Shebarshin
8623:Vsevolod Merkulov
8555:Felix Dzerzhinsky
8520:Felix Dzerzhinsky
8504:Felix Dzerzhinsky
8449:
8448:
8445:
8444:
8440:
8439:
8436:
8435:
8355:Mikhail Gorbachev
8335:Nikita Khrushchev
8254:Władysław Gomułka
8224:
8223:
8017:Communist parties
7982:
7981:
7826:
7825:
7735:United Opposition
7682:
7681:
7647:
7646:
7607:
7606:
7485:
7484:
7481:
7480:
7169:Central Committee
7154:
7153:
7029:
7028:
6968:Control Committee
6631:Central Committee
6617:
6616:
6350:National meetings
6345:
6344:
6222:Chemical Industry
6152:Mikhail Gorbachev
6128:Nikita Khrushchev
6073:Mikhail Gorbachev
6049:Nikita Khrushchev
6020:Central Committee
5966:
5965:
5957:Succeeded by
5920:Succeeded by
5888:Succeeded by
5861:Succeeded by
5832:Vitaly Fyodorchuk
5829:Succeeded by
5741:978-1-904449-13-3
5578:Kotkin, Stephen.
5375:Downing, Taylor.
5334:. Stein and Day.
5276:, 4 November 2021
5224:Человек за спиной
5198:Личность и власть
4894:978-0-912289-53-3
4436:on 9 January 2007
4394:978-3-88680-464-1
4369:978-0-8129-7489-8
4317:(2018) pp. 34–50.
4183:978-0-7656-0396-8
4158:978-0-415-16992-9
4133:978-0-19-288052-9
4090:978-0-415-16992-9
3808:978-1-4422-5318-6
3724:978-0-7656-1464-3
3614:978-0-8133-0209-6
3583:978-966-7841-36-2
3551:on 5 October 2016
3526:978-1-85043-995-0
3499:978-1-31786-783-8
3452:978-1-85043-995-0
3422:978-0-415-46051-4
3305:Mitrokhin Archive
3244:978-5-699-40627-2
3082:978-0-3132-8112-9
3052:978-1-139-85169-5
3029:(2006), pp. 7–10.
2911:
2590:
2589:
2350:
2349:
2115:Honors and awards
2097:Vladimir Medvedev
2090:General Secretary
2079:Anatoly Sharansky
2055:Vladimir Bukovsky
2043:Dmitri Volkogonov
1861:Mikhail Gorbachev
1798:Margaret Thatcher
1794:George H. W. Bush
1690:Death and funeral
1546:" U.S. President
1508:nuclear arms race
1452:introduced under
1363:Mikhail Gorbachev
1335:Brezhnev Doctrine
1279:Soviet–Afghan War
1204:Russian Civil War
1051:conspiracy theory
931:in Warsaw in 1981
923:in Prague in 1968
904:Nikita Khrushchev
863:Central Committee
705:Mikhail Gorbachev
639:
638:
590:1957–1967: Head,
516:1973–1984: Full,
502:Soviet–Afghan War
415:Vladimir Andropov
406:Evgenia Andropova
194:
16:(Redirected from
16726:
16350:Transnistria War
16009:
16008:
15851:Aung San Suu Kyi
15766:Alexander Dubček
15703:Civil resistance
15560:Sinatra Doctrine
15540:Demokratizatsiya
15441:Shortage economy
15368:
15361:
15354:
15345:
15344:
15328:Yisrael BaAliyah
15221:
15220:
15198:
15197:
15175:
15174:
15160:
15159:
15142:Nehemiah Levanon
15071:Henry M. Jackson
15026:Eduard Kuznetsov
14942:
14941:
14929:
14928:
14901:Helsinki Accords
14778:
14777:
14767:
14745:
14738:
14731:
14722:
14721:
14708:
14707:
14698:
14697:
14687:
14686:
14685:
14583:Afghan Breakdown
14465:Badaber uprising
14329:Abdul Ali Mazari
14268:
14267:
14251:Ittehad i-Islami
14181:
14180:
14145:
14138:
14131:
14122:
14121:
13863:David S. Painter
13788:John Earl Haynes
13718:Nicholas J. Cull
13703:Adrian Cioroianu
13683:Thomas A. Bailey
13630:Voice of America
13521:
13520:
13433:White separatism
13413:Social democracy
13408:Guided democracy
13388:Authoritarianism
13338:Ultranationalism
13328:Anti-imperialism
13255:Marxism–Leninism
13168:
13167:
13155:Kinmen Agreement
13120:Johnson Doctrine
13105:Kennedy Doctrine
13021:Frozen conflicts
13004:1991 August Coup
12893:Afghan Civil War
12788:Reykjavík Summit
12783:Somali Rebellion
12723:Ugandan Bush War
12701:Gdańsk Agreement
12222:Protests of 1968
12202:War of Attrition
11911:Cuban Revolution
11847:We will bury you
11814:Cyprus Emergency
11794:Kashmir Princess
11784:Jebel Akhdar War
11633:Western betrayal
11318:
11311:
11304:
11295:
11294:
11217:Dmitry Polyansky
11202:Andrei Kirilenko
11187:Nikolai Podgorny
11155:
11148:
11141:
11132:
11131:
11029:Dmitry Polyansky
11024:Nikolai Podgorny
10994:Andrei Kirilenko
10957:
10950:
10943:
10934:
10933:
10907:Nikolai Tikhonov
10897:Vasili Kuznetsov
10846:Nikolai Tikhonov
10816:Nikolai Podgorny
10786:Andrei Kirilenko
10739:
10732:
10725:
10716:
10715:
10689:Viktor Chebrikov
10679:Vladimir Dolgikh
10654:Vasili Kuznetsov
10608:Viktor Chebrikov
10573:Nikolai Tikhonov
10548:Andrei Kirilenko
10501:
10494:
10487:
10478:
10477:
10467:
10459:
10447:
10439:
10427:
10419:
10417:
10390:
10382:
10374:
10366:
10364:
10348:
10340:
10332:
10324:
10316:
10308:
10300:
10292:
10284:
10282:
10265:
10257:
10249:
10247:
10230:
10227:Rudolph Giuliani
10211:
10203:
10195:
10183:
10175:
10167:
10159:
10151:
10149:
10128:
10120:
10112:
10104:
10096:
10088:
10080:
10072:
10064:
10056:
10044:
10036:
10028:
10020:
10012:
10004:
9996:
9977:
9975:
9961:Billie Jean King
9927:American Women:
9922:
9914:
9906:
9894:
9886:
9878:
9870:
9868:
9848:
9840:
9832:
9824:
9816:
9808:
9800:
9792:
9790:
9772:William Shockley
9748:Joshua Lederberg
9744:Donald A. Glaser
9725:
9717:
9709:
9701:
9693:
9685:
9677:
9669:
9661:
9642:
9634:
9626:
9618:
9610:
9602:
9594:
9586:
9578:
9570:
9562:
9554:
9546:
9538:
9526:
9518:
9510:
9502:
9494:
9486:
9478:
9470:
9462:
9454:
9426:
9419:
9412:
9403:
9402:
9319:
9318:
9315:National economy
8982:Friendship Games
8884:Helsinki Accords
8796:
8789:
8782:
8773:
8772:
8755:
8746:
8738:
8730:
8726:Viktor Chebrikov
8722:
8718:Vitaly Fedorchuk
8714:
8706:
8698:
8690:
8668:
8660:
8652:
8643:
8635:
8627:
8605:
8597:
8589:
8567:
8559:
8535:
8534:
8524:
8516:
8508:
8476:
8469:
8462:
8453:
8452:
8413:Milanko Renovica
8388:Dušan Dragosavac
8378:Stevan Doronjski
8297:Gheorghe Apostol
8228:
8227:
8116:Alexander Dubček
8106:Klement Gottwald
8078:Valko Chervenkov
8038:
8037:
8034:
8033:
8029:
8028:
8009:
8002:
7995:
7986:
7985:
7853:
7846:
7839:
7830:
7829:
7759:Anti-Party Group
7729:Right Opposition
7649:
7648:
7609:
7608:
7497:Republican-level
7494:
7493:
7165:
7164:
7043:
7042:
6635:
6634:
6626:
6625:
6569:11th (Dec. 1921)
6354:
6353:
6272:Machine Industry
6237:Defence Industry
6158:Vladimir Ivashko
6106:(Mar.–Dec. 1919)
6025:
6024:
6005:
5998:
5991:
5982:
5981:
5969:
5968:
5935:Preceded by
5923:Vasili Kuznetsov
5906:Vasili Kuznetsov
5903:Preceded by
5871:Preceded by
5844:Preceded by
5812:Preceded by
5804:
5803:
5795:
5745:
5733:
5722:
5688:
5676:
5665:
5641:Cold War History
5634:
5602:
5565:
5550:
5527:
5506:
5493:
5457:Fischer, Ben B.
5454:
5426:
5418:The New Republic
5404:
5392:
5372:
5353:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5305:
5291:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5268:
5262:
5256:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5237:
5219:
5213:
5212:
5192:
5186:
5185:
5173:
5162:
5161:
5141:
5135:
5134:
5112:
5106:
5105:
5085:
5079:
5078:
5062:
5056:
5055:
5039:
5030:
5029:
5016:
5010:
5009:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4975:
4969:
4962:
4956:
4947:Ion Mihai Pacepa
4940:
4934:
4929:Remnick, David,
4927:
4914:
4913:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4881:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4870:
4858:
4852:
4851:
4847:978-06911-927-27
4831:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4806:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4795:
4772:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4747:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4723:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4712:
4698:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4687:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4655:
4649:
4648:
4645:Chrudimský Deník
4636:
4630:
4629:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4595:
4589:
4586:
4580:
4579:
4573:
4569:
4567:
4559:
4529:
4520:
4519:
4508:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4497:
4474:
4468:
4465:
4459:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4432:. Archived from
4419:
4413:
4412:, 27 March 1983.
4405:
4399:
4398:
4380:
4374:
4373:
4351:
4345:
4344:
4324:
4318:
4313:Taylor Downing,
4311:
4305:
4298:
4292:
4287:52 (1983): 3–21
4281:
4275:
4274:
4256:
4247:
4246:
4228:
4219:
4218:
4194:
4188:
4187:
4169:
4163:
4162:
4144:
4138:
4137:
4113:
4107:
4101:
4095:
4094:
4076:
4070:
4063:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4021:The Moscow Times
4011:
4005:
3998:
3992:
3991:
3965:
3956:
3950:
3949:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3903:
3897:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3867:
3856:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3794:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3769:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3746:
3735:
3729:
3728:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3687:
3681:. Archived from
3680:
3672:
3666:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3547:. Archived from
3537:
3531:
3530:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3463:
3457:
3456:
3436:
3427:
3426:
3402:
3393:
3392:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3356:
3350:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3324:
3318:
3299:Vasili Mitrokhin
3292:
3273:
3268:
3262:
3252:
3246:
3233:
3216:
3215:
3214:(323): 1B. 1983.
3209:
3201:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3149:
3130:
3118:
3103:
3100:
3087:
3086:
3068:
3057:
3056:
3036:
3030:
3023:
3017:
3016:
2997:
2991:
2979:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2954:
2942:
2941:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2848:
2842:
2819:
2803:
2800:
2789:
2779:
2748:
2736:
2724:
2706:
2690:
2670:
2656:
2642:
2631:
2619:
2607:
2575:
2563:
2548:
2529:
2510:
2484:
2465:
2450:
2435:
2420:
2401:
2389:
2373:
2366:
2365:
2340:
2325:
2310:
2295:
2280:
2265:
2251:
2236:
2221:
2206:
2191:
2176:
2161:
2146:
2131:
2124:
2123:
2075:Petro Grigorenko
1954:Ion Mihai Pacepa
1927:Yevgeny Primakov
1887:Andropov's House
1684:public relations
1494:power struggle.
1401:Brezhnev's death
1329:to suppress the
1136:Yuri Felshtinsky
1035:Vasili Mitrokhin
927:in Kabul in 1979
840:Andropov became
651:
627:
614:
466:Soviet Partisans
445:Military service
440:
386:
376:
323:
298:
296:
284:Personal details
274:Vitaly Fedorchuk
270:
258:
247:Nikolai Tikhonov
228:
201:
192:
186:
177:
158:
148:
140:Vasily Kuznetsov
129:
106:
94:
85:
64:Andropov in 1980
62:
52:
39:
38:
21:
16734:
16733:
16729:
16728:
16727:
16725:
16724:
16723:
16484:
16483:
16482:
16477:
16476:
16471:
16455:
16416:Democratization
16406:Decommunization
16389:
16325:Helsinki Summit
16265:April 9 tragedy
16237:
16227:
16156:
16065:
16013:
16004:
15998:
15886:
15880:
15748:
15742:
15695:
15689:
15645:Mathieu Kérékou
15592:
15586:
15518:
15494:Reagan Doctrine
15469:Active measures
15461:
15455:
15446:Totalitarianism
15383:
15377:
15372:
15342:
15337:
15307:
15286:
15255:
15204:
15192:
15181:
15169:
15151:
15090:
15035:
15016:Natan Sharansky
14997:
14988:Adolf Shayevich
14978:David Dragunsky
14958:Leonid Brezhnev
14935:
14920:
14870:
14827:
14769:
14758:
14749:
14719:
14714:
14683:
14681:
14672:
14625:The Kite Runner
14576:The 9th Company
14561:Films about war
14556:
14525:
14516:3 Hoot uprising
14504:
14495:Operation Arrow
14428:
14358:
14312:
14278:Leonid Brezhnev
14255:
14217:Jamiat-e Islami
14200:
14172:
14164:Afghan conflict
14154:
14149:
14119:
14114:
14091:
14082:Second Cold War
14040:
13968:
13962:
13938:Odd Arne Westad
13928:Patrick Vaughan
13913:Athan Theoharis
13893:Ellen Schrecker
13878:Yakov M. Rabkin
13853:Timothy Naftali
13798:Tvrtko Jakovina
13783:Jussi Hanhimäki
13666:
13644:
13634:
13612:Paix et Liberté
13587:
13531:Active measures
13512:
13442:
13423:White supremacy
13383:Totalitarianism
13311:
13236:
13159:
13145:Reagan Doctrine
13140:Carter Doctrine
13080:Truman Doctrine
13068:
13015:
12947:
12842:Soviet reaction
12753:Ndogboyosoi War
12660:
12631:Saur Revolution
12458:1973 oil crisis
12423:Munich massacre
12331:Alcora Exercise
12326:Black September
12304:
12050:Sino-Indian War
11944:Simba rebellion
11927:
11771:Capture of the
11679:
11618:Berlin Blockade
11551:May 1947 crises
11541:Truman Doctrine
11506:Greek Civil War
11495:Blacklist Forty
11462:Gouzenko Affair
11449:Cursed soldiers
11401:Morgenthau Plan
11389:
11327:
11322:
11292:
11287:
11258:Sharof Rashidov
11231:
11197:Gennady Voronov
11177:Leonid Brezhnev
11165:
11159:
11129:
11124:
11120:Grigory Romanov
11115:Boris Ponomarev
11100:Sharof Rashidov
11068:
10984:Gennady Voronov
10979:Leonid Brezhnev
10967:
10961:
10931:
10926:
10922:Tikhon Kiselyov
10887:Sharof Rashidov
10882:Boris Ponomarev
10855:
10821:Grigory Romanov
10766:Leonid Brezhnev
10749:
10743:
10713:
10708:
10699:Nikolai Talyzin
10664:Sharof Rashidov
10659:Boris Ponomarev
10649:Tikhon Kiselyov
10627:
10618:Nikolai Ryzhkov
10613:Yegor Ligachyov
10563:Grigory Romanov
10528:Leonid Brezhnev
10511:
10505:
10475:
10470:
10462:
10450:
10442:
10430:
10422:
10397:Jamal Khashoggi
10395:The Guardians:
10394:
10393:
10385:
10377:
10369:
10352:
10351:
10343:
10335:
10327:
10321:Mark Zuckerberg
10319:
10311:
10303:
10295:
10287:
10269:
10268:
10260:
10252:
10245:Sherron Watkins
10234:
10233:
10225:
10214:
10206:
10198:
10186:
10178:
10170:
10162:
10154:
10132:
10131:
10123:
10115:
10107:
10099:
10091:
10083:
10075:
10067:
10061:Peter Ueberroth
10059:
10047:
10039:
10031:
10023:
10015:
10007:
9999:
9991:
9980:
9933:Kathleen Byerly
9926:
9925:
9917:
9909:
9899:Henry Kissinger
9897:
9889:
9881:
9873:
9852:
9851:
9843:
9835:
9827:
9819:
9811:
9805:Pope John XXIII
9803:
9797:John F. Kennedy
9795:
9788:Robert Woodward
9784:James Van Allen
9729:
9728:
9720:
9712:
9704:
9696:
9688:
9680:
9674:Konrad Adenauer
9672:
9664:
9656:
9645:
9637:
9629:
9623:Harry S. Truman
9621:
9615:George Marshall
9613:
9607:James F. Byrnes
9605:
9599:Harry S. Truman
9597:
9589:
9583:George Marshall
9581:
9573:
9565:
9557:
9549:
9541:
9531:Chiang Kai-shek
9529:
9521:
9513:
9505:
9499:Hugh S. Johnson
9497:
9489:
9481:
9475:Mohandas Gandhi
9473:
9465:
9459:Walter Chrysler
9457:
9449:
9438:
9430:
9400:
9391:
9364:Five-year plans
9358:
9310:
9262:
9218:
8992:
8986:
8938:
8869:1973 oil crisis
8805:
8800:
8770:
8765:
8758:
8753:
8744:
8736:
8728:
8720:
8712:
8704:
8696:
8688:
8671:
8666:
8658:
8656:Lavrentiy Beria
8650:
8648:Semyon Ignatiev
8641:
8639:Sergei Ogoltsov
8633:
8631:Viktor Abakumov
8625:
8608:
8603:
8601:Lavrentiy Beria
8595:
8587:
8570:
8565:
8557:
8536:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8514:
8506:
8489:
8480:
8450:
8441:
8432:
8428:Milan Pančevski
8408:Vidoje Žarković
8373:Josip Broz Tito
8359:
8340:Leonid Brezhnev
8330:Georgy Malenkov
8306:
8278:
8264:Stanisław Kania
8244:Bolesław Bierut
8234:
8220:
8181:
8173:
8159:Walter Ulbricht
8135:
8111:Antonín Novotný
8092:
8073:Georgi Dimitrov
8059:
8023:
8013:
7983:
7978:
7943:
7866:
7857:
7827:
7822:
7776:
7741:Left-Right Bloc
7717:Left Opposition
7694:Ban on factions
7678:
7643:
7603:
7477:
7419:
7326:
7177:1st (1898–1903)
7160:
7150:
7112:
7084:
7037:
7034:Elected by the
7025:
6962:
6889:
6766:
6630:
6613:
6564:10th (May 1921)
6534:4th (Nov. 1907)
6529:3rd (Aug. 1907)
6505:
6341:
6316:
6198:
6167:
6134:Leonid Brezhnev
6078:
6055:Leonid Brezhnev
6014:
6009:
5974:
5962:
5960:Peter Ueberroth
5953:
5940:
5925:
5916:
5908:
5893:
5884:
5876:
5866:
5857:
5849:
5847:Leonid Brezhnev
5834:
5825:
5817:
5793:
5775:
5752:
5750:Primary sources
5742:
5685:
5626:
5621:Wayback Machine
5582:(2nd ed. 2008)
5570:Current History
5524:
5490:
5451:
5409:Epstein, Edward
5401:
5393:. McGraw-Hill.
5342:
5324:
5318:
5316:Further reading
5313:
5303:
5301:
5300:. 9 August 2011
5293:
5292:
5288:
5279:
5277:
5270:
5269:
5265:
5257:
5253:
5245:
5241:
5234:
5220:
5216:
5209:
5201:. Просвещение.
5193:
5189:
5174:
5165:
5158:
5142:
5138:
5113:
5109:
5102:
5086:
5082:
5063:
5059:
5040:
5033:
5028:. 29 July 2014.
5018:
5017:
5013:
5008:. 16 June 2004.
5005:The Irish Times
4998:
4997:
4993:
4976:
4972:
4963:
4959:
4952:National Review
4941:
4937:
4928:
4917:
4906:
4902:
4895:
4883:
4882:
4878:
4868:
4866:
4859:
4855:
4848:
4832:
4828:
4818:
4816:
4808:
4807:
4803:
4793:
4791:
4773:
4769:
4759:
4757:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4734:
4732:
4725:
4724:
4720:
4710:
4708:
4700:
4699:
4695:
4685:
4683:
4675:
4674:
4670:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4637:
4633:
4624:
4623:
4619:
4612:
4596:
4592:
4587:
4583:
4571:
4570:
4561:
4560:
4530:
4523:
4510:
4509:
4505:
4495:
4493:
4475:
4471:
4466:
4462:
4453:
4449:
4439:
4437:
4420:
4416:
4406:
4402:
4395:
4381:
4377:
4370:
4352:
4348:
4341:
4325:
4321:
4312:
4308:
4299:
4295:
4282:
4278:
4271:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4195:
4191:
4184:
4170:
4166:
4159:
4145:
4141:
4134:
4114:
4110:
4102:
4098:
4091:
4077:
4073:
4064:
4060:
4050:
4048:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4033:
4029:
4012:
4008:
3999:
3995:
3963:
3957:
3953:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3920:
3904:
3900:
3894:Wayback Machine
3885:
3881:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3854:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3835:
3833:
3820:
3816:
3809:
3795:
3791:
3782:
3780:
3770:
3766:
3758:
3754:
3744:
3742:
3737:
3736:
3732:
3725:
3705:
3701:
3691:
3689:
3688:on 14 June 2007
3685:
3678:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3663:Wayback Machine
3653:
3649:
3642:
3626:
3622:
3615:
3595:
3591:
3584:
3574:
3568:
3564:
3554:
3552:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3527:
3511:
3507:
3500:
3486:
3482:
3472:
3470:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3453:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3403:
3396:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3371:
3357:
3353:
3345:
3341:
3336:. 27 June 2004.
3326:
3325:
3321:
3293:
3276:
3269:
3265:
3253:
3249:
3234:
3219:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3179:
3169:
3167:
3156:
3150:
3133:
3119:
3106:
3101:
3090:
3083:
3069:
3060:
3053:
3037:
3033:
3024:
3020:
3013:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2980:
2976:
2964:
2962:
2961:(323): 1B. 1983
2952:
2948:
2939:
2935:
2930:
2929:
2918:
2899:; Russian:
2884:
2854:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2820:
2816:
2811:
2801:
2739:
2727:
2721:
2709:
2693:
2687:
2673:
2659:
2645:
2634:
2622:
2610:
2598:
2595:
2182:(14 July 1944)
2167:(14 June 1979)
2137:(14 June 1974)
2117:
2041:. According to
2039:Andrei Sakharov
2011:
1904:
1881:
1846:Lenin Mausoleum
1826:Patrick Hillery
1727:nephrosclerosis
1692:
1544:Second Cold War
1500:
1483:Zhores Medvedev
1470:
1462:Nikolai Ryzhkov
1450:Planned economy
1433:
1420:
1418:Domestic policy
1399:Two days after
1385:
1379:
1351:
1299:
1256:Hafizullah Amin
1239:
1231:Natan Sharansky
1151:Andrei Sakharov
1097:Andrei Sakharov
1073:
1067:
1055:active measures
1023:
999:Biederitz River
955:Leonid Brezhnev
943:
919:one-party state
888:
882:
807:
799:Communist Party
756:Communist Party
740:Finnish citizen
720:
710:Upon suffering
701:Nikolai Ryzhkov
697:Yegor Ligachyov
669:Leonid Brezhnev
656:and the fourth
649:
631:
630:
623:
610:
606:
599:
587:
586:
581:
580:
513:
512:
500:
496:
464:
418:
412:Irina Andropova
403:
402:
390:
373:Nina Ivanovna (
356:Political party
325:
321:
320:9 February 1984
300:
294:
292:
268:
256:
251:
229:
224:
199:
184:
178:
173:
156:
146:
130:
125:
118:
104:
98:Leonid Brezhnev
92:
86:
81:
65:
53:
50:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
16732:
16722:
16721:
16716:
16711:
16706:
16701:
16696:
16691:
16686:
16681:
16676:
16671:
16666:
16661:
16656:
16651:
16646:
16641:
16636:
16631:
16626:
16621:
16616:
16611:
16606:
16601:
16596:
16591:
16586:
16581:
16576:
16571:
16566:
16561:
16556:
16551:
16546:
16541:
16536:
16531:
16526:
16521:
16516:
16511:
16506:
16501:
16496:
16479:
16478:
16473:
16472:
16470:
16469:
16463:
16461:
16457:
16456:
16454:
16453:
16448:
16443:
16441:Post-communism
16438:
16433:
16428:
16423:
16418:
16413:
16408:
16403:
16397:
16395:
16391:
16390:
16388:
16387:
16382:
16377:
16372:
16367:
16362:
16357:
16352:
16347:
16342:
16337:
16332:
16327:
16322:
16317:
16312:
16307:
16302:
16297:
16292:
16287:
16282:
16277:
16272:
16267:
16262:
16257:
16252:
16247:
16241:
16239:
16233:
16232:
16229:
16228:
16226:
16225:
16220:
16215:
16210:
16205:
16200:
16195:
16190:
16185:
16180:
16175:
16170:
16164:
16162:
16158:
16157:
16155:
16154:
16149:
16144:
16139:
16134:
16129:
16124:
16119:
16114:
16109:
16104:
16099:
16094:
16089:
16084:
16079:
16073:
16071:
16067:
16066:
16064:
16063:
16058:
16053:
16048:
16043:
16038:
16033:
16031:Czechoslovakia
16028:
16023:
16017:
16015:
16014:Eastern Europe
16006:
16000:
15999:
15997:
15996:
15991:
15986:
15981:
15976:
15971:
15966:
15961:
15956:
15951:
15946:
15941:
15936:
15931:
15926:
15921:
15916:
15911:
15906:
15901:
15896:
15890:
15888:
15882:
15881:
15879:
15878:
15873:
15868:
15863:
15861:Isaias Afwerki
15858:
15853:
15848:
15843:
15841:Zianon Pazniak
15838:
15833:
15828:
15823:
15818:
15813:
15808:
15803:
15798:
15793:
15788:
15783:
15778:
15773:
15768:
15763:
15758:
15752:
15750:
15744:
15743:
15741:
15740:
15735:
15730:
15725:
15720:
15715:
15710:
15705:
15699:
15697:
15691:
15690:
15688:
15687:
15682:
15677:
15672:
15667:
15662:
15657:
15652:
15647:
15642:
15637:
15632:
15627:
15622:
15620:Erich Honecker
15617:
15612:
15607:
15602:
15596:
15594:
15588:
15587:
15585:
15584:
15579:
15574:
15569:
15564:
15563:
15562:
15557:
15552:
15547:
15542:
15532:
15526:
15524:
15520:
15519:
15517:
15516:
15511:
15506:
15501:
15496:
15491:
15486:
15481:
15476:
15471:
15465:
15463:
15457:
15456:
15454:
15453:
15448:
15443:
15438:
15433:
15428:
15423:
15418:
15413:
15408:
15403:
15401:Anti-communism
15398:
15393:
15387:
15385:
15379:
15378:
15371:
15370:
15363:
15356:
15348:
15339:
15338:
15336:
15335:
15330:
15325:
15319:
15317:
15313:
15312:
15309:
15308:
15306:
15305:
15300:
15294:
15292:
15288:
15287:
15285:
15284:
15279:
15274:
15269:
15263:
15261:
15257:
15256:
15254:
15253:
15248:
15243:
15238:
15233:
15227:
15225:
15218:
15214:
15213:
15210:
15209:
15206:
15205:
15203:
15202:
15189:
15187:
15183:
15182:
15180:
15179:
15166:
15164:
15157:
15153:
15152:
15150:
15149:
15147:Yehuda Lapidot
15144:
15139:
15134:
15129:
15124:
15122:Yitzhak Shamir
15119:
15117:Menachem Begin
15114:
15109:
15104:
15098:
15096:
15092:
15091:
15089:
15088:
15083:
15078:
15073:
15068:
15063:
15058:
15053:
15047:
15045:
15041:
15040:
15037:
15036:
15034:
15033:
15028:
15023:
15021:Yuli Edelstein
15018:
15013:
15007:
15005:
14999:
14998:
14996:
14995:
14993:Emomali Rahmon
14990:
14985:
14980:
14975:
14973:Mikhail Suslov
14970:
14965:
14960:
14954:
14952:
14946:Pro-government
14939:
14926:
14922:
14921:
14919:
14918:
14913:
14908:
14903:
14898:
14893:
14888:
14882:
14880:
14876:
14875:
14872:
14871:
14869:
14868:
14863:
14858:
14853:
14848:
14843:
14837:
14835:
14829:
14828:
14826:
14825:
14820:
14815:
14810:
14805:
14800:
14795:
14790:
14784:
14782:
14775:
14771:
14770:
14763:
14760:
14759:
14748:
14747:
14740:
14733:
14725:
14716:
14715:
14713:
14712:
14702:
14692:
14677:
14674:
14673:
14671:
14670:
14663:
14656:
14649:
14646:Peshavar Waltz
14642:
14635:
14628:
14621:
14614:
14607:
14600:
14597:All Costs Paid
14593:
14586:
14579:
14572:
14564:
14562:
14558:
14557:
14555:
14554:
14549:
14544:
14539:
14533:
14531:
14530:Related topics
14527:
14526:
14524:
14523:
14518:
14512:
14510:
14506:
14505:
14503:
14502:
14497:
14492:
14487:
14482:
14477:
14475:Battle of Jaji
14472:
14467:
14462:
14457:
14455:Siege of Urgun
14452:
14447:
14445:Siege of Khost
14442:
14436:
14434:
14430:
14429:
14427:
14426:
14421:
14416:
14411:
14406:
14401:
14396:
14391:
14386:
14381:
14376:
14370:
14368:
14367:Events by year
14364:
14363:
14360:
14359:
14357:
14356:
14351:
14346:
14341:
14336:
14331:
14326:
14320:
14318:
14314:
14313:
14311:
14310:
14305:
14300:
14295:
14290:
14285:
14280:
14274:
14272:
14265:
14261:
14260:
14257:
14256:
14254:
14253:
14248:
14243:
14238:
14237:
14236:
14226:
14225:
14224:
14214:
14208:
14206:
14202:
14201:
14199:
14198:
14193:
14187:
14185:
14178:
14174:
14173:
14171:
14170:
14159:
14156:
14155:
14148:
14147:
14140:
14133:
14125:
14116:
14115:
14113:
14112:
14107:
14102:
14096:
14093:
14092:
14090:
14089:
14084:
14079:
14074:
14069:
14064:
14059:
14054:
14048:
14046:
14042:
14041:
14039:
14038:
14033:
14028:
14023:
14018:
14013:
14008:
14003:
13998:
13993:
13988:
13983:
13978:
13972:
13970:
13964:
13963:
13961:
13960:
13955:
13950:
13945:
13940:
13935:
13930:
13925:
13920:
13915:
13910:
13908:Timothy Snyder
13905:
13900:
13895:
13890:
13885:
13880:
13875:
13870:
13865:
13860:
13855:
13850:
13845:
13840:
13838:Vojtech Mastny
13835:
13833:Geir Lundestad
13830:
13825:
13823:Walter Laqueur
13820:
13818:Walter LaFeber
13815:
13810:
13805:
13800:
13795:
13790:
13785:
13780:
13775:
13770:
13765:
13760:
13755:
13750:
13748:André Fontaine
13745:
13740:
13735:
13730:
13725:
13720:
13715:
13710:
13705:
13700:
13695:
13690:
13685:
13680:
13678:Gar Alperovitz
13674:
13672:
13668:
13667:
13665:
13664:
13659:
13654:
13648:
13646:
13640:
13639:
13636:
13635:
13633:
13632:
13627:
13621:
13620:
13615:
13608:
13603:
13595:
13593:
13589:
13588:
13586:
13585:
13578:
13573:
13566:
13559:
13554:
13547:
13540:
13533:
13527:
13525:
13518:
13514:
13513:
13511:
13510:
13505:
13500:
13495:
13490:
13485:
13480:
13475:
13470:
13465:
13460:
13454:
13452:
13448:
13447:
13444:
13443:
13441:
13440:
13435:
13430:
13425:
13420:
13418:Third-Worldism
13415:
13410:
13405:
13400:
13395:
13390:
13385:
13380:
13375:
13370:
13365:
13360:
13355:
13350:
13345:
13340:
13335:
13330:
13325:
13319:
13317:
13313:
13312:
13310:
13309:
13304:
13299:
13294:
13289:
13284:
13277:
13272:
13267:
13262:
13257:
13252:
13246:
13244:
13238:
13237:
13235:
13234:
13229:
13224:
13219:
13214:
13209:
13207:Libertarianism
13204:
13199:
13198:
13197:
13187:
13185:Chicago school
13182:
13176:
13174:
13165:
13161:
13160:
13158:
13157:
13152:
13147:
13142:
13137:
13132:
13130:Nixon Doctrine
13127:
13122:
13117:
13112:
13107:
13102:
13097:
13092:
13087:
13082:
13076:
13074:
13073:Foreign policy
13070:
13069:
13067:
13066:
13061:
13056:
13051:
13046:
13041:
13036:
13031:
13025:
13023:
13017:
13016:
13014:
13013:
13008:
13007:
13006:
12996:
12991:
12986:
12981:
12976:
12971:
12966:
12961:
12955:
12953:
12949:
12948:
12946:
12945:
12940:
12935:
12930:
12925:
12920:
12915:
12910:
12905:
12900:
12895:
12890:
12885:
12880:
12875:
12870:
12865:
12860:
12858:Operation RYAN
12855:
12850:
12845:
12835:
12830:
12825:
12820:
12815:
12810:
12805:
12800:
12795:
12790:
12785:
12780:
12775:
12770:
12765:
12763:Able Archer 83
12760:
12755:
12750:
12745:
12740:
12735:
12730:
12725:
12720:
12715:
12710:
12709:
12708:
12698:
12693:
12688:
12679:
12674:
12668:
12666:
12662:
12661:
12659:
12658:
12653:
12648:
12643:
12638:
12633:
12628:
12623:
12618:
12613:
12608:
12603:
12598:
12593:
12588:
12583:
12578:
12573:
12568:
12560:
12555:
12550:
12545:
12540:
12535:
12530:
12525:
12520:
12515:
12513:Oromo conflict
12510:
12505:
12500:
12495:
12490:
12485:
12480:
12475:
12470:
12465:
12460:
12455:
12453:Yom Kippur War
12450:
12445:
12440:
12435:
12430:
12425:
12420:
12415:
12410:
12405:
12400:
12395:
12390:
12385:
12380:
12375:
12370:
12363:
12358:
12353:
12348:
12343:
12338:
12333:
12328:
12323:
12318:
12312:
12310:
12306:
12305:
12303:
12302:
12297:
12292:
12287:
12282:
12277:
12276:
12275:
12265:
12260:
12255:
12250:
12245:
12236:
12231:
12230:
12229:
12219:
12214:
12209:
12204:
12199:
12194:
12189:
12184:
12179:
12174:
12169:
12164:
12159:
12154:
12149:
12144:
12139:
12134:
12129:
12124:
12119:
12114:
12109:
12108:
12107:
12097:
12092:
12087:
12085:Aden Emergency
12082:
12077:
12072:
12067:
12062:
12057:
12052:
12047:
12042:
12037:
12036:
12035:
12030:
12025:
12015:
12010:
12005:
12003:Papua conflict
12000:
11995:
11990:
11985:
11984:
11983:
11973:
11972:
11971:
11961:
11956:
11951:
11946:
11941:
11935:
11933:
11929:
11928:
11926:
11925:
11920:
11919:
11918:
11908:
11906:Kitchen Debate
11903:
11898:
11893:
11888:
11883:
11878:
11873:
11868:
11866:Sputnik crisis
11863:
11858:
11850:
11843:
11838:
11836:Polish October
11833:
11828:
11823:
11816:
11811:
11806:
11801:
11796:
11791:
11786:
11781:
11776:
11768:
11763:
11758:
11753:
11748:
11743:
11738:
11736:Pact of Madrid
11733:
11728:
11723:
11718:
11713:
11708:
11703:
11698:
11693:
11691:Bamboo Curtain
11687:
11685:
11681:
11680:
11678:
11677:
11672:
11667:
11662:
11661:
11660:
11650:
11645:
11640:
11635:
11630:
11625:
11620:
11615:
11610:
11605:
11600:
11595:
11590:
11585:
11584:
11583:
11578:
11573:
11563:
11558:
11553:
11548:
11543:
11538:
11533:
11528:
11523:
11518:
11513:
11508:
11503:
11498:
11490:
11482:
11474:
11469:
11464:
11459:
11451:
11446:
11445:
11444:
11439:
11431:
11418:
11413:
11408:
11403:
11397:
11395:
11391:
11390:
11388:
11387:
11382:
11377:
11372:
11367:
11362:
11357:
11352:
11347:
11340:
11332:
11329:
11328:
11321:
11320:
11313:
11306:
11298:
11289:
11288:
11286:
11285:
11280:
11278:Pyotr Masherov
11275:
11270:
11265:
11263:Dmitry Ustinov
11260:
11255:
11250:
11248:Viktor Grishin
11245:
11243:Pyotr Demichev
11239:
11237:
11233:
11232:
11230:
11229:
11224:
11219:
11214:
11212:Kirill Mazurov
11209:
11204:
11199:
11194:
11192:Mikhail Suslov
11189:
11184:
11182:Alexei Kosygin
11179:
11173:
11171:
11167:
11166:
11158:
11157:
11150:
11143:
11135:
11126:
11125:
11123:
11122:
11117:
11112:
11107:
11105:Dmitry Ustinov
11102:
11097:
11092:
11090:Pyotr Masherov
11087:
11085:Pyotr Demichev
11082:
11076:
11074:
11070:
11069:
11067:
11066:
11064:Andrei Gromyko
11061:
11059:Andrei Grechko
11056:
11051:
11046:
11041:
11036:
11034:Mikhail Suslov
11031:
11026:
11021:
11016:
11014:Kirill Mazurov
11011:
11006:
11004:Fyodor Kulakov
11001:
10999:Alexei Kosygin
10996:
10991:
10989:Viktor Grishin
10986:
10981:
10975:
10973:
10969:
10968:
10960:
10959:
10952:
10945:
10937:
10928:
10927:
10925:
10924:
10919:
10914:
10909:
10904:
10899:
10894:
10889:
10884:
10879:
10877:Pyotr Masherov
10874:
10872:Pyotr Demichev
10869:
10863:
10861:
10857:
10856:
10854:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10838:
10833:
10831:Dmitry Ustinov
10828:
10826:Mikhail Suslov
10823:
10818:
10813:
10808:
10806:Kirill Mazurov
10803:
10798:
10796:Fyodor Kulakov
10793:
10791:Alexei Kosygin
10788:
10783:
10781:Andrei Gromyko
10778:
10776:Viktor Grishin
10773:
10771:Andrei Grechko
10768:
10763:
10757:
10755:
10751:
10750:
10742:
10741:
10734:
10727:
10719:
10710:
10709:
10707:
10706:
10701:
10696:
10694:Sergey Sokolov
10691:
10686:
10681:
10676:
10671:
10666:
10661:
10656:
10651:
10646:
10644:Pyotr Demichev
10641:
10635:
10633:
10629:
10628:
10626:
10625:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10605:
10600:
10595:
10590:
10585:
10580:
10578:Dmitry Ustinov
10575:
10570:
10568:Mikhail Suslov
10565:
10560:
10555:
10550:
10545:
10543:Andrei Gromyko
10540:
10538:Viktor Grishin
10535:
10530:
10525:
10519:
10517:
10513:
10512:
10504:
10503:
10496:
10489:
10481:
10472:
10471:
10469:
10468:
10460:
10448:
10440:
10428:
10424:Greta Thunberg
10420:
10391:
10383:
10375:
10367:
10354:Ebola Fighters
10349:
10341:
10333:
10325:
10317:
10309:
10301:
10297:Vladimir Putin
10293:
10285:
10266:
10262:George W. Bush
10258:
10250:
10237:Cynthia Cooper
10231:
10222:
10220:
10216:
10215:
10213:
10212:
10208:George W. Bush
10204:
10196:
10184:
10176:
10168:
10160:
10152:
10143:Nelson Mandela
10139:F. W. de Klerk
10129:
10121:
10113:
10105:
10097:
10089:
10081:
10077:Corazon Aquino
10073:
10065:
10057:
10045:
10037:
10029:
10021:
10013:
10005:
9997:
9988:
9986:
9982:
9981:
9979:
9978:
9957:Barbara Jordan
9923:
9915:
9907:
9895:
9887:
9879:
9871:
9858:William Anders
9849:
9841:
9833:
9825:
9817:
9809:
9801:
9793:
9780:Charles Townes
9760:Edward Purcell
9736:Charles Draper
9726:
9718:
9710:
9702:
9694:
9690:Harlow Curtice
9686:
9678:
9670:
9662:
9653:
9651:
9647:
9646:
9644:
9643:
9635:
9627:
9619:
9611:
9603:
9595:
9587:
9579:
9571:
9563:
9555:
9547:
9539:
9535:Soong Mei-ling
9527:
9523:Wallis Simpson
9519:
9515:Haile Selassie
9511:
9503:
9495:
9487:
9479:
9471:
9463:
9455:
9446:
9444:
9440:
9439:
9429:
9428:
9421:
9414:
9406:
9397:
9396:
9393:
9392:
9390:
9389:
9384:
9379:
9374:
9368:
9366:
9360:
9359:
9357:
9356:
9351:
9349:Food Programme
9346:
9341:
9336:
9331:
9325:
9323:
9316:
9312:
9311:
9309:
9308:
9303:
9301:Tikhonov's 1st
9298:
9293:
9288:
9283:
9278:
9272:
9270:
9264:
9263:
9261:
9260:
9255:
9250:
9244:
9239:
9228:
9226:
9220:
9219:
9217:
9212:
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9142:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9097:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9047:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9027:
9022:
9020:
9019:
9018:
9013:
9008:
9003:
8998:
8988:
8987:
8985:
8984:
8979:
8974:
8969:
8967:Able Archer 83
8964:
8959:
8954:
8948:
8946:
8940:
8939:
8937:
8936:
8931:
8926:
8924:Exercise Zapad
8921:
8916:
8911:
8906:
8901:
8896:
8891:
8886:
8881:
8876:
8874:Fall of Saigon
8871:
8866:
8861:
8856:
8851:
8846:
8841:
8836:
8831:
8826:
8821:
8815:
8813:
8807:
8806:
8799:
8798:
8791:
8784:
8776:
8767:
8766:
8763:
8760:
8759:
8757:
8756:
8748:
8739:
8731:
8723:
8715:
8707:
8699:
8691:
8682:
8680:
8673:
8672:
8670:
8669:
8664:Sergei Kruglov
8661:
8653:
8645:
8636:
8628:
8619:
8617:
8610:
8609:
8607:
8606:
8598:
8593:Nikolai Yezhov
8590:
8585:Genrikh Yagoda
8581:
8579:
8572:
8571:
8569:
8568:
8560:
8551:
8549:
8538:
8537:
8530:
8528:
8526:
8525:
8517:
8509:
8500:
8498:
8491:
8490:
8479:
8478:
8471:
8464:
8456:
8447:
8446:
8443:
8442:
8438:
8437:
8434:
8433:
8431:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8415:
8410:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8390:
8385:
8380:
8375:
8369:
8367:
8361:
8360:
8358:
8357:
8352:
8347:
8342:
8337:
8332:
8327:
8322:
8320:Vladimir Lenin
8316:
8314:
8308:
8307:
8305:
8304:
8299:
8294:
8288:
8286:
8280:
8279:
8277:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8240:
8238:
8225:
8222:
8221:
8219:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8187:
8185:
8175:
8174:
8172:
8171:
8166:
8164:Erich Honecker
8161:
8156:
8154:Otto Grotewohl
8151:
8145:
8143:
8137:
8136:
8134:
8133:
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8102:
8100:
8094:
8093:
8091:
8090:
8088:Petar Mladenov
8085:
8080:
8075:
8069:
8067:
8061:
8060:
8058:
8057:
8052:
8046:
8044:
8032:
8025:
8024:
8012:
8011:
8004:
7997:
7989:
7980:
7979:
7977:
7976:
7970:
7964:
7958:
7951:
7949:
7945:
7944:
7942:
7941:
7935:
7929:
7923:
7917:
7911:
7905:
7899:
7893:
7887:
7881:
7874:
7872:
7871:Heads of state
7868:
7867:
7860:Heads of state
7856:
7855:
7848:
7841:
7833:
7824:
7823:
7821:
7820:
7815:
7810:
7805:
7800:
7795:
7790:
7784:
7782:
7778:
7777:
7775:
7774:
7768:
7762:
7756:
7750:
7744:
7738:
7732:
7726:
7723:Workers' Group
7720:
7714:
7711:Workers' Truth
7708:
7702:
7696:
7690:
7688:
7684:
7683:
7680:
7679:
7677:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7655:
7653:
7645:
7644:
7642:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7621:
7615:
7613:
7605:
7604:
7602:
7601:
7596:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7579:Transcaucasian
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7536:
7534:Karelo-Finnish
7531:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7500:
7498:
7491:
7487:
7486:
7483:
7482:
7479:
7478:
7476:
7475:
7473:28th (1990–91)
7470:
7468:16th (1930–34)
7465:
7463:15th (1927–30)
7460:
7458:14th (1925–27)
7455:
7453:13th (1924–25)
7450:
7448:12th (1923–24)
7445:
7443:11th (1922–23)
7440:
7438:10th (1921–22)
7435:
7429:
7427:
7421:
7420:
7418:
7417:
7415:27th (1986–90)
7412:
7410:26th (1981–86)
7407:
7405:25th (1976–81)
7402:
7400:24th (1971–76)
7397:
7395:23rd (1966–71)
7392:
7390:22nd (1961–66)
7387:
7385:20th (1956–61)
7382:
7380:19th (1952–56)
7377:
7375:18th (1939–52)
7372:
7370:17th (1934–39)
7367:
7365:16th (1930–34)
7362:
7360:15th (1927–30)
7357:
7355:14th (1925–27)
7352:
7350:13th (1924–25)
7347:
7345:10th (1921–24)
7342:
7336:
7334:
7328:
7327:
7325:
7324:
7322:28th (1990–91)
7319:
7317:27th (1986–90)
7314:
7312:26th (1981–86)
7309:
7307:25th (1976–81)
7304:
7302:24th (1971–76)
7299:
7297:23rd (1966–71)
7294:
7292:22nd (1961–66)
7289:
7287:20th (1956–61)
7284:
7282:19th (1952–56)
7279:
7277:18th (1939–52)
7274:
7272:17th (1934–39)
7269:
7267:16th (1930–34)
7264:
7262:15th (1927–30)
7259:
7257:14th (1925–27)
7254:
7252:13th (1924–25)
7249:
7247:12th (1923–24)
7244:
7242:11th (1922–23)
7239:
7237:10th (1921–22)
7234:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7173:
7171:
7162:
7156:
7155:
7152:
7151:
7149:
7148:
7146:16th (1930–34)
7143:
7141:15th (1927–30)
7138:
7136:14th (1925–27)
7133:
7131:13th (1924–25)
7128:
7126:12th (1923–24)
7122:
7120:
7114:
7113:
7111:
7110:
7108:14th (1925–27)
7105:
7103:13th (1924–25)
7100:
7098:12th (1923–24)
7094:
7092:
7086:
7085:
7083:
7082:
7080:28th (1990–91)
7077:
7075:16th (1930–34)
7072:
7070:15th (1927–30)
7067:
7065:14th (1925–27)
7062:
7060:13th (1924–25)
7057:
7055:12th (1923–24)
7051:
7049:
7040:
7031:
7030:
7027:
7026:
7024:
7023:
7021:27th (1986–90)
7018:
7016:26th (1981–86)
7013:
7011:25th (1976–81)
7008:
7006:24th (1971–76)
7003:
7001:23rd (1966–71)
6998:
6996:22nd (1961–66)
6993:
6991:20th (1956–61)
6988:
6986:19th (1952–56)
6983:
6981:18th (1939–52)
6978:
6976:17th (1934–39)
6972:
6970:
6964:
6963:
6961:
6960:
6958:18th (1939–52)
6955:
6953:17th (1934–39)
6950:
6948:16th (1930–34)
6945:
6943:15th (1927–30)
6940:
6938:14th (1925–27)
6935:
6933:13th (1924–25)
6930:
6928:12th (1923–24)
6925:
6923:11th (1922–23)
6920:
6918:10th (1921–22)
6915:
6910:
6905:
6899:
6897:
6891:
6890:
6888:
6887:
6885:28th (1990–91)
6882:
6880:27th (1986–90)
6877:
6875:26th (1981–86)
6872:
6870:25th (1976–81)
6867:
6865:24th (1971–76)
6862:
6860:23rd (1966–71)
6857:
6855:22nd (1961–66)
6852:
6850:20th (1956–61)
6847:
6845:19th (1952–56)
6842:
6840:18th (1939–52)
6837:
6835:17th (1934–39)
6832:
6830:16th (1930–34)
6827:
6825:15th (1927–30)
6822:
6820:14th (1925–27)
6817:
6815:13th (1924–25)
6812:
6810:12th (1923–24)
6807:
6805:11th (1922–23)
6802:
6800:10th (1921–22)
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6776:
6774:
6768:
6767:
6765:
6764:
6762:28th (1990–91)
6759:
6757:27th (1986–90)
6754:
6752:26th (1981–86)
6749:
6747:25th (1976–81)
6744:
6742:24th (1971–76)
6739:
6737:23rd (1966–71)
6734:
6732:22nd (1961–66)
6729:
6727:20th (1956–61)
6724:
6722:19th (1952–56)
6719:
6717:18th (1939–52)
6714:
6712:17th (1934–39)
6709:
6707:16th (1930–34)
6704:
6702:15th (1927–30)
6699:
6697:14th (1925–27)
6694:
6692:13th (1924–25)
6689:
6687:12th (1923–24)
6684:
6682:11th (1922–23)
6679:
6677:10th (1921–22)
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6652:Oct.–Dec. 1917
6649:
6647:Aug.–Oct. 1917
6643:
6641:
6632:
6629:Elected by the
6623:
6619:
6618:
6615:
6614:
6612:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6515:
6513:
6507:
6506:
6504:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6362:
6360:
6351:
6347:
6346:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6339:
6332:
6324:
6322:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6252:Heavy Industry
6249:
6244:
6242:Foreign Cadres
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6208:
6206:
6200:
6199:
6197:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6175:
6173:
6169:
6168:
6166:
6165:
6155:
6149:
6143:
6137:
6131:
6125:
6119:
6113:
6107:
6101:
6098:Yakov Sverdlov
6095:
6088:
6086:
6080:
6079:
6077:
6076:
6070:
6064:
6058:
6052:
6046:
6040:
6037:Vladimir Lenin
6033:
6031:
6022:
6016:
6015:
6008:
6007:
6000:
5993:
5985:
5979:
5976:
5975:
5964:
5963:
5958:
5955:
5941:
5936:
5932:
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5927:
5926:
5921:
5918:
5909:
5904:
5900:
5899:
5895:
5894:
5889:
5886:
5877:
5872:
5868:
5867:
5862:
5859:
5850:
5845:
5841:
5840:
5836:
5835:
5830:
5827:
5818:
5813:
5809:
5808:
5802:
5801:
5790:
5781:
5774:
5773:External links
5771:
5770:
5769:
5760:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5746:
5740:
5723:
5706:
5699:
5689:
5684:978-0026122900
5683:
5666:
5648:(3): 427–439.
5635:
5624:
5610:
5607:Soviet Studies
5603:
5586:
5576:
5566:
5551:
5528:
5523:978-1585442980
5522:
5507:
5494:
5489:978-9027718280
5488:
5466:
5465:
5455:
5450:978-0679448020
5449:
5427:
5405:
5400:978-0070188617
5399:
5381:
5380:
5373:
5354:
5341:978-0812829211
5340:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5311:
5286:
5263:
5251:
5239:
5232:
5214:
5207:
5187:
5163:
5157:978-0684834207
5156:
5136:
5125:(2): 201–206.
5107:
5101:978-0812919707
5100:
5080:
5057:
5050:(in Russian).
5031:
5011:
4991:
4970:
4957:
4935:
4915:
4900:
4893:
4876:
4853:
4846:
4826:
4801:
4767:
4755:Журнал «Смена»
4742:
4718:
4693:
4668:
4650:
4631:
4617:
4610:
4590:
4581:
4572:|author3=
4521:
4503:
4469:
4460:
4447:
4414:
4400:
4393:
4375:
4368:
4346:
4339:
4319:
4306:
4293:
4285:Foreign Policy
4276:
4269:
4248:
4241:
4220:
4214:978-0385480192
4213:
4189:
4182:
4164:
4157:
4139:
4132:
4108:
4096:
4089:
4071:
4058:
4036:
4027:
4006:
4000:Brown, Archie
3993:
3951:
3948:. 2 June 2017.
3933:
3918:
3898:
3879:
3843:
3823:Bergman, Ronen
3814:
3807:
3789:
3778:The New Yorker
3764:
3752:
3730:
3723:
3717:. p. 95.
3699:
3667:
3647:
3641:978-1936490011
3640:
3620:
3613:
3605:Westview Press
3589:
3582:
3562:
3532:
3525:
3505:
3498:
3480:
3458:
3451:
3428:
3421:
3415:. p. 29.
3394:
3376:
3370:978-0141013442
3369:
3351:
3339:
3319:
3274:
3263:
3257:scan from the
3247:
3217:
3177:
3131:
3121:Leonid Mlechin
3104:
3088:
3081:
3058:
3051:
3031:
3018:
3011:
2992:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2843:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2795:
2790:
2754:"The birth of
2749:
2737:
2725:
2720:978-0836411652
2719:
2707:
2691:
2686:978-0080312873
2685:
2671:
2657:
2643:
2632:
2620:
2608:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2576:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2556:
2555:
2549:
2541:
2540:
2530:
2522:
2521:
2511:
2503:
2502:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2477:
2476:
2473:Czechoslovakia
2466:
2458:
2457:
2451:
2443:
2442:
2436:
2428:
2427:
2421:
2413:
2412:
2402:
2394:
2393:
2390:
2382:
2381:
2374:
2364:
2363:
2362:Foreign Awards
2359:
2358:
2348:
2347:
2341:
2333:
2332:
2326:
2318:
2317:
2311:
2303:
2302:
2296:
2288:
2287:
2281:
2273:
2272:
2266:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2244:
2243:
2237:
2229:
2228:
2222:
2214:
2213:
2207:
2199:
2198:
2192:
2184:
2183:
2177:
2169:
2168:
2162:
2154:
2153:
2150:Order of Lenin
2147:
2139:
2138:
2132:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2113:
2051:Andrei Amalrik
2047:Harold Shukman
2035:Georgy Arbatov
2023:Vladimir Putin
2010:
2007:
1903:
1900:
1880:
1877:
1810:Erich Honecker
1806:Sandro Pertini
1778:Czechoslovakia
1708:kidney failure
1691:
1688:
1644:Samantha Smith
1632:KAL 007 Flight
1499:
1498:Foreign policy
1496:
1479:criminal cases
1469:
1466:
1437:USSR's economy
1432:
1429:
1419:
1416:
1378:
1375:
1371:Mikhail Suslov
1350:
1347:
1319:Mikhail Suslov
1298:
1295:
1238:
1235:
1163:Pyotr Masherov
1159:Fyodor Kulakov
1066:
1063:
1031:Czechoslovakia
1022:
1019:
987:Magda Goebbels
979:Mikhail Suslov
951:Erich Honecker
942:
939:
884:Main article:
881:
878:
806:
803:
728:Stavropol Krai
719:
716:
712:kidney failure
681:Dmitry Ustinov
677:Andrei Grechko
673:Andrei Gromyko
637:
636:
633:
632:
629:
628:
618:
607:
600:
598:
597:
594:
584:
583:
582:
579:
578:
555:
540:
529:
510:
509:
508:
505:
504:
491:
487:
486:
481:
477:
476:
473:
469:
468:
459:
458:Branch/service
455:
454:
451:
447:
446:
442:
441:
434:
430:
429:
424:
420:
419:
417:
416:
413:
410:
407:
400:
399:
398:
396:
392:
391:
389:
388:
378:
370:
368:
364:
363:
357:
353:
352:
346:
342:
341:
339:Kidney failure
336:
332:
331:
330:, Soviet Union
324:(aged 69)
318:
314:
313:
311:Russian Empire
290:
286:
285:
281:
280:
277:
276:
271:
265:
264:
259:
253:
252:
250:
249:
244:
242:Alexei Kosygin
238:
236:
232:
231:
221:
220:
208:
207:
202:
196:
195:
187:
181:
180:
170:
169:
163:
162:
159:
153:
152:
149:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
122:
121:
113:
112:
107:
101:
100:
95:
89:
88:
78:
77:
71:
70:
67:
66:
63:
55:
54:
46:
45:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
16731:
16720:
16717:
16715:
16712:
16710:
16707:
16705:
16702:
16700:
16697:
16695:
16692:
16690:
16687:
16685:
16682:
16680:
16677:
16675:
16672:
16670:
16667:
16665:
16662:
16660:
16657:
16655:
16652:
16650:
16647:
16645:
16642:
16640:
16637:
16635:
16632:
16630:
16627:
16625:
16622:
16620:
16617:
16615:
16612:
16610:
16607:
16605:
16602:
16600:
16597:
16595:
16592:
16590:
16587:
16585:
16582:
16580:
16577:
16575:
16572:
16570:
16567:
16565:
16562:
16560:
16557:
16555:
16552:
16550:
16547:
16545:
16542:
16540:
16537:
16535:
16532:
16530:
16527:
16525:
16522:
16520:
16517:
16515:
16512:
16510:
16507:
16505:
16502:
16500:
16497:
16495:
16492:
16491:
16489:
16468:
16465:
16464:
16462:
16458:
16452:
16449:
16447:
16446:Yugoslav Wars
16444:
16442:
16439:
16437:
16436:Neo-Stalinism
16434:
16432:
16431:Neo-Sovietism
16429:
16427:
16424:
16422:
16419:
16417:
16414:
16412:
16409:
16407:
16404:
16402:
16399:
16398:
16396:
16392:
16386:
16383:
16381:
16378:
16376:
16373:
16371:
16368:
16366:
16363:
16361:
16358:
16356:
16353:
16351:
16348:
16346:
16343:
16341:
16338:
16336:
16333:
16331:
16328:
16326:
16323:
16321:
16318:
16316:
16315:Black January
16313:
16311:
16308:
16306:
16303:
16301:
16298:
16296:
16293:
16291:
16288:
16286:
16283:
16281:
16278:
16276:
16273:
16271:
16268:
16266:
16263:
16261:
16258:
16256:
16253:
16251:
16248:
16246:
16243:
16242:
16240:
16234:
16224:
16221:
16219:
16216:
16214:
16211:
16209:
16206:
16204:
16201:
16199:
16196:
16194:
16191:
16189:
16186:
16184:
16181:
16179:
16176:
16174:
16171:
16169:
16166:
16165:
16163:
16159:
16153:
16150:
16148:
16145:
16143:
16140:
16138:
16135:
16133:
16130:
16128:
16125:
16123:
16120:
16118:
16115:
16113:
16110:
16108:
16105:
16103:
16100:
16098:
16095:
16093:
16090:
16088:
16085:
16083:
16080:
16078:
16075:
16074:
16072:
16068:
16062:
16059:
16057:
16054:
16052:
16049:
16047:
16044:
16042:
16039:
16037:
16034:
16032:
16029:
16027:
16024:
16022:
16019:
16018:
16016:
16010:
16007:
16001:
15995:
15992:
15990:
15987:
15985:
15982:
15980:
15977:
15975:
15972:
15970:
15967:
15965:
15962:
15960:
15957:
15955:
15952:
15950:
15947:
15945:
15942:
15940:
15937:
15935:
15932:
15930:
15927:
15925:
15922:
15920:
15917:
15915:
15912:
15910:
15907:
15905:
15902:
15900:
15897:
15895:
15892:
15891:
15889:
15883:
15877:
15874:
15872:
15869:
15867:
15866:Ronald Reagan
15864:
15862:
15859:
15857:
15854:
15852:
15849:
15847:
15846:Zhelyu Zhelev
15844:
15842:
15839:
15837:
15834:
15832:
15829:
15827:
15826:Boris Yeltsin
15824:
15822:
15819:
15817:
15814:
15812:
15809:
15807:
15806:Joachim Gauck
15804:
15802:
15799:
15797:
15794:
15792:
15789:
15787:
15784:
15782:
15779:
15777:
15774:
15772:
15769:
15767:
15764:
15762:
15759:
15757:
15754:
15753:
15751:
15745:
15739:
15738:Strike action
15736:
15734:
15731:
15729:
15726:
15724:
15721:
15719:
15716:
15714:
15711:
15709:
15706:
15704:
15701:
15700:
15698:
15692:
15686:
15683:
15681:
15680:Todor Zhivkov
15678:
15676:
15673:
15671:
15670:Deng Xiaoping
15668:
15666:
15663:
15661:
15658:
15656:
15653:
15651:
15648:
15646:
15643:
15641:
15638:
15636:
15633:
15631:
15628:
15626:
15623:
15621:
15618:
15616:
15613:
15611:
15608:
15606:
15603:
15601:
15598:
15597:
15595:
15589:
15583:
15580:
15578:
15575:
15573:
15570:
15568:
15565:
15561:
15558:
15556:
15553:
15551:
15548:
15546:
15543:
15541:
15538:
15537:
15536:
15533:
15531:
15528:
15527:
15525:
15521:
15515:
15512:
15510:
15507:
15505:
15502:
15500:
15499:Soviet Empire
15497:
15495:
15492:
15490:
15487:
15485:
15482:
15480:
15477:
15475:
15472:
15470:
15467:
15466:
15464:
15460:International
15458:
15452:
15449:
15447:
15444:
15442:
15439:
15437:
15434:
15432:
15429:
15427:
15424:
15422:
15419:
15417:
15414:
15412:
15409:
15407:
15404:
15402:
15399:
15397:
15394:
15392:
15389:
15388:
15386:
15380:
15376:
15369:
15364:
15362:
15357:
15355:
15350:
15349:
15346:
15334:
15331:
15329:
15326:
15324:
15321:
15320:
15318:
15314:
15304:
15303:Jewish Agency
15301:
15299:
15296:
15295:
15293:
15289:
15283:
15280:
15278:
15275:
15273:
15270:
15268:
15265:
15264:
15262:
15260:United States
15258:
15252:
15249:
15247:
15244:
15242:
15239:
15237:
15234:
15232:
15229:
15228:
15226:
15222:
15219:
15217:Organisations
15215:
15201:
15196:
15191:
15190:
15188:
15184:
15178:
15173:
15168:
15167:
15165:
15161:
15158:
15154:
15148:
15145:
15143:
15140:
15138:
15135:
15133:
15132:Simcha Dinitz
15130:
15128:
15125:
15123:
15120:
15118:
15115:
15113:
15110:
15108:
15107:Yitzhak Rabin
15105:
15103:
15100:
15099:
15097:
15093:
15087:
15084:
15082:
15079:
15077:
15076:Charles Vanik
15074:
15072:
15069:
15067:
15066:George Shultz
15064:
15062:
15059:
15057:
15056:Ronald Reagan
15054:
15052:
15049:
15048:
15046:
15044:United States
15042:
15032:
15029:
15027:
15024:
15022:
15019:
15017:
15014:
15012:
15009:
15008:
15006:
15004:
15000:
14994:
14991:
14989:
14986:
14984:
14983:Yakov Fishman
14981:
14979:
14976:
14974:
14971:
14969:
14966:
14964:
14963:Yuri Andropov
14961:
14959:
14956:
14955:
14953:
14951:
14947:
14943:
14940:
14938:
14934:
14930:
14927:
14923:
14917:
14914:
14912:
14909:
14907:
14904:
14902:
14899:
14897:
14894:
14892:
14889:
14887:
14884:
14883:
14881:
14877:
14867:
14866:Georgian Jews
14864:
14862:
14861:Bukharan Jews
14859:
14857:
14854:
14852:
14849:
14847:
14846:Mountain Jews
14844:
14842:
14839:
14838:
14836:
14834:
14833:Jewish groups
14830:
14824:
14821:
14819:
14818:Slánský trial
14816:
14814:
14811:
14809:
14806:
14804:
14801:
14799:
14798:Joseph Stalin
14796:
14794:
14791:
14789:
14788:The Holocaust
14786:
14785:
14783:
14779:
14776:
14772:
14761:
14757:
14754:movement and
14753:
14746:
14741:
14739:
14734:
14732:
14727:
14726:
14723:
14711:
14703:
14701:
14693:
14691:
14690:
14679:
14678:
14675:
14669:
14668:
14664:
14662:
14661:
14657:
14655:
14654:
14650:
14648:
14647:
14643:
14641:
14640:
14636:
14634:
14633:
14629:
14627:
14626:
14622:
14620:
14619:
14615:
14613:
14612:
14608:
14606:
14605:
14601:
14599:
14598:
14594:
14592:
14591:
14587:
14585:
14584:
14580:
14578:
14577:
14573:
14571:
14570:
14569:List of films
14566:
14565:
14563:
14559:
14553:
14550:
14548:
14545:
14543:
14540:
14538:
14535:
14534:
14532:
14528:
14522:
14519:
14517:
14514:
14513:
14511:
14507:
14501:
14498:
14496:
14493:
14491:
14488:
14486:
14483:
14481:
14478:
14476:
14473:
14471:
14468:
14466:
14463:
14461:
14458:
14456:
14453:
14451:
14448:
14446:
14443:
14441:
14438:
14437:
14435:
14431:
14425:
14422:
14420:
14417:
14415:
14412:
14410:
14407:
14405:
14402:
14400:
14397:
14395:
14392:
14390:
14387:
14385:
14382:
14380:
14377:
14375:
14372:
14371:
14369:
14365:
14355:
14352:
14350:
14347:
14345:
14342:
14340:
14337:
14335:
14332:
14330:
14327:
14325:
14322:
14321:
14319:
14315:
14309:
14306:
14304:
14301:
14299:
14298:Babrak Karmal
14296:
14294:
14291:
14289:
14286:
14284:
14283:Yuri Andropov
14281:
14279:
14276:
14275:
14273:
14269:
14266:
14262:
14252:
14249:
14247:
14246:Hezb-e Wahdat
14244:
14242:
14239:
14235:
14232:
14231:
14230:
14227:
14223:
14222:Shura-e Nazar
14220:
14219:
14218:
14215:
14213:
14210:
14209:
14207:
14203:
14197:
14194:
14192:
14189:
14188:
14186:
14182:
14179:
14175:
14169:
14165:
14161:
14160:
14157:
14153:
14146:
14141:
14139:
14134:
14132:
14127:
14126:
14123:
14111:
14108:
14106:
14103:
14101:
14098:
14097:
14094:
14088:
14085:
14083:
14080:
14078:
14075:
14073:
14072:War on terror
14070:
14068:
14065:
14063:
14060:
14058:
14055:
14053:
14050:
14049:
14047:
14043:
14037:
14034:
14032:
14029:
14027:
14024:
14022:
14019:
14017:
14014:
14012:
14009:
14007:
14004:
14002:
13999:
13997:
13994:
13992:
13989:
13987:
13984:
13982:
13979:
13977:
13974:
13973:
13971:
13967:Espionage and
13965:
13959:
13956:
13954:
13951:
13949:
13946:
13944:
13941:
13939:
13936:
13934:
13931:
13929:
13926:
13924:
13921:
13919:
13918:Andrew Thorpe
13916:
13914:
13911:
13909:
13906:
13904:
13901:
13899:
13896:
13894:
13891:
13889:
13886:
13884:
13881:
13879:
13876:
13874:
13871:
13869:
13866:
13864:
13861:
13859:
13856:
13854:
13851:
13849:
13846:
13844:
13841:
13839:
13836:
13834:
13831:
13829:
13826:
13824:
13821:
13819:
13816:
13814:
13813:Gabriel Kolko
13811:
13809:
13806:
13804:
13801:
13799:
13796:
13794:
13791:
13789:
13786:
13784:
13781:
13779:
13778:Fred Halliday
13776:
13774:
13771:
13769:
13766:
13764:
13763:Lloyd Gardner
13761:
13759:
13756:
13754:
13751:
13749:
13746:
13744:
13741:
13739:
13736:
13734:
13731:
13729:
13726:
13724:
13723:Norman Davies
13721:
13719:
13716:
13714:
13711:
13709:
13708:John Costello
13706:
13704:
13701:
13699:
13696:
13694:
13691:
13689:
13686:
13684:
13681:
13679:
13676:
13675:
13673:
13669:
13663:
13660:
13658:
13655:
13653:
13650:
13649:
13647:
13643:Technological
13641:
13631:
13628:
13626:
13623:
13622:
13619:
13616:
13614:
13613:
13609:
13607:
13604:
13602:
13601:
13597:
13596:
13594:
13590:
13584:
13583:
13579:
13577:
13574:
13572:
13571:
13567:
13565:
13564:
13560:
13558:
13555:
13553:
13552:
13548:
13546:
13545:
13541:
13539:
13538:
13534:
13532:
13529:
13528:
13526:
13524:Pro-communist
13522:
13519:
13515:
13509:
13506:
13504:
13501:
13499:
13496:
13494:
13491:
13489:
13486:
13484:
13481:
13479:
13476:
13474:
13471:
13469:
13466:
13464:
13461:
13459:
13456:
13455:
13453:
13451:Organizations
13449:
13439:
13436:
13434:
13431:
13429:
13426:
13424:
13421:
13419:
13416:
13414:
13411:
13409:
13406:
13404:
13401:
13399:
13396:
13394:
13391:
13389:
13386:
13384:
13381:
13379:
13376:
13374:
13371:
13369:
13366:
13364:
13361:
13359:
13356:
13354:
13351:
13349:
13346:
13344:
13341:
13339:
13336:
13334:
13331:
13329:
13326:
13324:
13321:
13320:
13318:
13314:
13308:
13305:
13303:
13300:
13298:
13295:
13293:
13290:
13288:
13285:
13283:
13282:
13278:
13276:
13273:
13271:
13268:
13266:
13265:Eurocommunism
13263:
13261:
13258:
13256:
13253:
13251:
13248:
13247:
13245:
13243:
13239:
13233:
13230:
13228:
13225:
13223:
13220:
13218:
13215:
13213:
13210:
13208:
13205:
13203:
13200:
13196:
13193:
13192:
13191:
13188:
13186:
13183:
13181:
13178:
13177:
13175:
13173:
13169:
13166:
13162:
13156:
13153:
13151:
13148:
13146:
13143:
13141:
13138:
13136:
13133:
13131:
13128:
13126:
13123:
13121:
13118:
13116:
13113:
13111:
13108:
13106:
13103:
13101:
13098:
13096:
13095:Domino theory
13093:
13091:
13088:
13086:
13083:
13081:
13078:
13077:
13075:
13071:
13065:
13062:
13060:
13057:
13055:
13052:
13050:
13049:South Ossetia
13047:
13045:
13042:
13040:
13037:
13035:
13032:
13030:
13027:
13026:
13024:
13022:
13018:
13012:
13009:
13005:
13002:
13001:
13000:
12997:
12995:
12992:
12990:
12987:
12985:
12982:
12980:
12977:
12975:
12972:
12970:
12967:
12965:
12962:
12960:
12957:
12956:
12954:
12950:
12944:
12941:
12939:
12936:
12934:
12931:
12929:
12926:
12924:
12921:
12919:
12916:
12914:
12911:
12909:
12906:
12904:
12901:
12899:
12896:
12894:
12891:
12889:
12886:
12884:
12881:
12879:
12876:
12874:
12871:
12869:
12866:
12864:
12861:
12859:
12856:
12854:
12851:
12849:
12846:
12843:
12839:
12836:
12834:
12833:8888 Uprising
12831:
12829:
12826:
12824:
12821:
12819:
12816:
12814:
12811:
12809:
12806:
12804:
12801:
12799:
12796:
12794:
12791:
12789:
12786:
12784:
12781:
12779:
12778:Iran–Iraq War
12776:
12774:
12771:
12769:
12766:
12764:
12761:
12759:
12756:
12754:
12751:
12749:
12746:
12744:
12743:Falklands War
12741:
12739:
12736:
12734:
12731:
12729:
12726:
12724:
12721:
12719:
12716:
12714:
12711:
12707:
12704:
12703:
12702:
12699:
12697:
12694:
12692:
12689:
12687:
12683:
12680:
12678:
12675:
12673:
12670:
12669:
12667:
12663:
12657:
12654:
12652:
12649:
12647:
12644:
12642:
12639:
12637:
12634:
12632:
12629:
12627:
12624:
12622:
12619:
12617:
12614:
12612:
12609:
12607:
12606:NDF Rebellion
12604:
12602:
12599:
12597:
12594:
12592:
12589:
12587:
12586:German Autumn
12584:
12582:
12579:
12577:
12574:
12572:
12569:
12567:
12566:
12561:
12559:
12556:
12554:
12551:
12549:
12546:
12544:
12541:
12539:
12536:
12534:
12531:
12529:
12526:
12524:
12521:
12519:
12516:
12514:
12511:
12509:
12506:
12504:
12501:
12499:
12496:
12494:
12491:
12489:
12486:
12484:
12481:
12479:
12476:
12474:
12473:Metapolitefsi
12471:
12469:
12466:
12464:
12461:
12459:
12456:
12454:
12451:
12449:
12446:
12444:
12441:
12439:
12436:
12434:
12431:
12429:
12426:
12424:
12421:
12419:
12416:
12414:
12411:
12409:
12406:
12404:
12401:
12399:
12396:
12394:
12391:
12389:
12386:
12384:
12381:
12379:
12376:
12374:
12371:
12369:
12368:
12364:
12362:
12359:
12357:
12354:
12352:
12349:
12347:
12344:
12342:
12339:
12337:
12334:
12332:
12329:
12327:
12324:
12322:
12319:
12317:
12314:
12313:
12311:
12307:
12301:
12298:
12296:
12293:
12291:
12288:
12286:
12283:
12281:
12278:
12274:
12271:
12270:
12269:
12266:
12264:
12261:
12259:
12256:
12254:
12251:
12249:
12246:
12244:
12242:
12237:
12235:
12234:Prague Spring
12232:
12228:
12225:
12224:
12223:
12220:
12218:
12215:
12213:
12212:Al-Wadiah War
12210:
12208:
12205:
12203:
12200:
12198:
12195:
12193:
12190:
12188:
12185:
12183:
12180:
12178:
12177:12-3 incident
12175:
12173:
12170:
12168:
12165:
12163:
12160:
12158:
12155:
12153:
12150:
12148:
12145:
12143:
12140:
12138:
12135:
12133:
12130:
12128:
12125:
12123:
12120:
12118:
12115:
12113:
12110:
12106:
12103:
12102:
12101:
12098:
12096:
12093:
12091:
12088:
12086:
12083:
12081:
12078:
12076:
12073:
12071:
12068:
12066:
12063:
12061:
12058:
12056:
12053:
12051:
12048:
12046:
12043:
12041:
12038:
12034:
12031:
12029:
12026:
12024:
12021:
12020:
12019:
12016:
12014:
12011:
12009:
12006:
12004:
12001:
11999:
11996:
11994:
11991:
11989:
11986:
11982:
11979:
11978:
11977:
11974:
11970:
11967:
11966:
11965:
11962:
11960:
11957:
11955:
11952:
11950:
11947:
11945:
11942:
11940:
11937:
11936:
11934:
11930:
11924:
11921:
11917:
11914:
11913:
11912:
11909:
11907:
11904:
11902:
11899:
11897:
11894:
11892:
11889:
11887:
11884:
11882:
11879:
11877:
11874:
11872:
11869:
11867:
11864:
11862:
11859:
11857:
11856:
11851:
11848:
11844:
11842:
11839:
11837:
11834:
11832:
11829:
11827:
11824:
11821:
11817:
11815:
11812:
11810:
11807:
11805:
11802:
11800:
11797:
11795:
11792:
11790:
11787:
11785:
11782:
11780:
11777:
11775:
11774:
11769:
11767:
11764:
11762:
11759:
11757:
11756:Domino theory
11754:
11752:
11751:Petrov Affair
11749:
11747:
11744:
11742:
11739:
11737:
11734:
11732:
11729:
11727:
11724:
11722:
11719:
11717:
11714:
11712:
11709:
11707:
11704:
11702:
11699:
11697:
11694:
11692:
11689:
11688:
11686:
11682:
11676:
11673:
11671:
11668:
11666:
11663:
11659:
11656:
11655:
11654:
11651:
11649:
11646:
11644:
11641:
11639:
11636:
11634:
11631:
11629:
11628:Madiun Affair
11626:
11624:
11621:
11619:
11616:
11614:
11611:
11609:
11606:
11604:
11601:
11599:
11596:
11594:
11591:
11589:
11588:Marshall Plan
11586:
11582:
11579:
11577:
11574:
11572:
11569:
11568:
11567:
11564:
11562:
11559:
11557:
11554:
11552:
11549:
11547:
11544:
11542:
11539:
11537:
11534:
11532:
11529:
11527:
11524:
11522:
11519:
11517:
11514:
11512:
11509:
11507:
11504:
11502:
11499:
11497:
11496:
11491:
11489:
11488:
11483:
11481:
11480:
11475:
11473:
11470:
11468:
11465:
11463:
11460:
11458:
11457:
11452:
11450:
11447:
11443:
11440:
11438:
11437:
11432:
11430:
11429:
11424:
11423:
11422:
11419:
11417:
11414:
11412:
11409:
11407:
11404:
11402:
11399:
11398:
11396:
11392:
11386:
11383:
11381:
11378:
11376:
11373:
11371:
11368:
11366:
11363:
11361:
11358:
11356:
11353:
11351:
11348:
11346:
11345:
11341:
11339:
11338:
11337:United States
11334:
11333:
11330:
11326:
11319:
11314:
11312:
11307:
11305:
11300:
11299:
11296:
11284:
11283:Yuri Andropov
11281:
11279:
11276:
11274:
11271:
11269:
11266:
11264:
11261:
11259:
11256:
11254:
11251:
11249:
11246:
11244:
11241:
11240:
11238:
11234:
11228:
11225:
11223:
11222:Petro Shelest
11220:
11218:
11215:
11213:
11210:
11208:
11205:
11203:
11200:
11198:
11195:
11193:
11190:
11188:
11185:
11183:
11180:
11178:
11175:
11174:
11172:
11168:
11163:
11156:
11151:
11149:
11144:
11142:
11137:
11136:
11133:
11121:
11118:
11116:
11113:
11111:
11108:
11106:
11103:
11101:
11098:
11096:
11093:
11091:
11088:
11086:
11083:
11081:
11080:Yuri Andropov
11078:
11077:
11075:
11071:
11065:
11062:
11060:
11057:
11055:
11054:Yuri Andropov
11052:
11050:
11047:
11045:
11044:Petro Shelest
11042:
11040:
11037:
11035:
11032:
11030:
11027:
11025:
11022:
11020:
11017:
11015:
11012:
11010:
11007:
11005:
11002:
11000:
10997:
10995:
10992:
10990:
10987:
10985:
10982:
10980:
10977:
10976:
10974:
10970:
10965:
10958:
10953:
10951:
10946:
10944:
10939:
10938:
10935:
10923:
10920:
10918:
10915:
10913:
10910:
10908:
10905:
10903:
10900:
10898:
10895:
10893:
10890:
10888:
10885:
10883:
10880:
10878:
10875:
10873:
10870:
10868:
10867:Heydar Aliyev
10865:
10864:
10862:
10858:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10839:
10837:
10834:
10832:
10829:
10827:
10824:
10822:
10819:
10817:
10814:
10812:
10809:
10807:
10804:
10802:
10799:
10797:
10794:
10792:
10789:
10787:
10784:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10772:
10769:
10767:
10764:
10762:
10761:Yuri Andropov
10759:
10758:
10756:
10752:
10747:
10740:
10735:
10733:
10728:
10726:
10721:
10720:
10717:
10705:
10704:Boris Yeltsin
10702:
10700:
10697:
10695:
10692:
10690:
10687:
10685:
10682:
10680:
10677:
10675:
10672:
10670:
10667:
10665:
10662:
10660:
10657:
10655:
10652:
10650:
10647:
10645:
10642:
10640:
10639:Heydar Aliyev
10637:
10636:
10634:
10630:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10599:
10596:
10594:
10591:
10589:
10586:
10584:
10583:Heydar Aliyev
10581:
10579:
10576:
10574:
10571:
10569:
10566:
10564:
10561:
10559:
10556:
10554:
10551:
10549:
10546:
10544:
10541:
10539:
10536:
10534:
10531:
10529:
10526:
10524:
10523:Yuri Andropov
10521:
10520:
10518:
10514:
10509:
10502:
10497:
10495:
10490:
10488:
10483:
10482:
10479:
10465:
10461:
10457:
10453:
10449:
10445:
10441:
10437:
10436:Kamala Harris
10433:
10429:
10425:
10421:
10416:
10415:
10410:
10406:
10402:
10398:
10392:
10388:
10384:
10380:
10376:
10372:
10371:Angela Merkel
10368:
10363:
10362:Salome Karwah
10359:
10355:
10350:
10346:
10342:
10338:
10334:
10330:
10329:The Protester
10326:
10322:
10318:
10314:
10310:
10306:
10302:
10298:
10294:
10290:
10286:
10281:
10280:Melinda Gates
10277:
10273:
10267:
10263:
10259:
10255:
10251:
10246:
10242:
10241:Coleen Rowley
10238:
10232:
10228:
10224:
10223:
10221:
10217:
10209:
10205:
10201:
10197:
10193:
10189:
10185:
10181:
10177:
10173:
10169:
10165:
10164:Newt Gingrich
10161:
10157:
10153:
10148:
10147:Yitzhak Rabin
10144:
10140:
10136:
10135:Yasser Arafat
10130:
10126:
10122:
10118:
10114:
10110:
10106:
10102:
10098:
10094:
10090:
10086:
10082:
10078:
10074:
10070:
10069:Deng Xiaoping
10066:
10062:
10058:
10054:
10053:Yuri Andropov
10050:
10049:Ronald Reagan
10046:
10042:
10038:
10034:
10030:
10026:
10025:Ronald Reagan
10022:
10018:
10014:
10010:
10009:Deng Xiaoping
10006:
10002:
9998:
9994:
9990:
9989:
9987:
9983:
9974:
9970:
9966:
9962:
9958:
9954:
9950:
9946:
9942:
9938:
9934:
9930:
9924:
9920:
9916:
9912:
9908:
9904:
9903:Richard Nixon
9900:
9896:
9892:
9891:Richard Nixon
9888:
9884:
9880:
9876:
9872:
9867:
9863:
9859:
9855:
9850:
9846:
9842:
9838:
9834:
9830:
9826:
9822:
9818:
9814:
9810:
9806:
9802:
9798:
9794:
9789:
9785:
9781:
9777:
9776:Edward Teller
9773:
9769:
9765:
9761:
9757:
9756:Linus Pauling
9753:
9752:Willard Libby
9749:
9745:
9741:
9737:
9733:
9732:George Beadle
9727:
9723:
9719:
9715:
9711:
9707:
9703:
9699:
9695:
9691:
9687:
9683:
9679:
9675:
9671:
9667:
9666:Elizabeth II
9663:
9659:
9655:
9654:
9652:
9648:
9640:
9636:
9632:
9628:
9624:
9620:
9616:
9612:
9608:
9604:
9600:
9596:
9592:
9588:
9584:
9580:
9576:
9575:Joseph Stalin
9572:
9568:
9564:
9560:
9556:
9552:
9551:Joseph Stalin
9548:
9544:
9540:
9536:
9532:
9528:
9524:
9520:
9516:
9512:
9508:
9504:
9500:
9496:
9492:
9488:
9484:
9480:
9476:
9472:
9468:
9467:Owen D. Young
9464:
9460:
9456:
9452:
9448:
9447:
9445:
9441:
9437:
9435:
9427:
9422:
9420:
9415:
9413:
9408:
9407:
9404:
9388:
9385:
9383:
9380:
9378:
9375:
9373:
9370:
9369:
9367:
9365:
9361:
9355:
9352:
9350:
9347:
9345:
9342:
9340:
9337:
9335:
9332:
9330:
9327:
9326:
9324:
9320:
9317:
9313:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9299:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9279:
9277:
9276:Kosygin's 1st
9274:
9273:
9271:
9269:
9265:
9259:
9256:
9254:
9253:Yuri Andropov
9251:
9248:
9245:
9243:
9240:
9238:
9234:
9230:
9229:
9227:
9225:
9221:
9216:
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9017:
9014:
9012:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8993:
8989:
8983:
8980:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8968:
8965:
8963:
8960:
8958:
8955:
8953:
8950:
8949:
8947:
8945:
8941:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8915:
8912:
8910:
8907:
8905:
8902:
8900:
8897:
8895:
8892:
8890:
8887:
8885:
8882:
8880:
8877:
8875:
8872:
8870:
8867:
8865:
8862:
8860:
8857:
8855:
8852:
8850:
8847:
8845:
8842:
8840:
8837:
8835:
8834:Prague Spring
8832:
8830:
8827:
8825:
8822:
8820:
8817:
8816:
8814:
8812:
8808:
8804:
8797:
8792:
8790:
8785:
8783:
8778:
8777:
8774:
8761:
8752:
8751:Vadim Bakatin
8749:
8743:
8740:
8735:
8732:
8727:
8724:
8719:
8716:
8711:
8710:Yuri Andropov
8708:
8703:
8700:
8695:
8692:
8687:
8684:
8683:
8681:
8678:
8674:
8665:
8662:
8657:
8654:
8649:
8646:
8640:
8637:
8632:
8629:
8624:
8621:
8620:
8618:
8615:
8611:
8602:
8599:
8594:
8591:
8586:
8583:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8573:
8564:
8561:
8556:
8553:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8543:
8539:
8521:
8518:
8513:
8510:
8505:
8502:
8501:
8499:
8496:
8492:
8488:
8484:
8477:
8472:
8470:
8465:
8463:
8458:
8457:
8454:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8393:Mitja Ribičič
8391:
8389:
8386:
8384:
8381:
8379:
8376:
8374:
8371:
8370:
8368:
8366:
8362:
8356:
8353:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8345:Yuri Andropov
8343:
8341:
8338:
8336:
8333:
8331:
8328:
8326:
8325:Joseph Stalin
8323:
8321:
8318:
8317:
8315:
8313:
8309:
8303:
8300:
8298:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8289:
8287:
8285:
8281:
8275:
8272:
8270:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8260:
8259:Edward Gierek
8257:
8255:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8242:
8241:
8239:
8237:
8233:
8229:
8226:
8217:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8207:
8204:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8191:Mátyás Rákosi
8189:
8188:
8186:
8184:
8180:
8176:
8170:
8167:
8165:
8162:
8160:
8157:
8155:
8152:
8150:
8149:Wilhelm Pieck
8147:
8146:
8144:
8142:
8138:
8132:
8131:Karel Urbánek
8129:
8127:
8124:
8122:
8119:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8103:
8101:
8099:
8095:
8089:
8086:
8084:
8083:Todor Zhivkov
8081:
8079:
8076:
8074:
8071:
8070:
8068:
8066:
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7517:
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7507:
7505:
7502:
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7499:
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7492:
7488:
7474:
7471:
7469:
7466:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7454:
7451:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7433:9th (1920–21)
7431:
7430:
7428:
7426:
7422:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7340:8th (1919–21)
7338:
7337:
7335:
7333:
7329:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7298:
7295:
7293:
7290:
7288:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7278:
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7273:
7270:
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7260:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7233:
7232:9th (1920–21)
7230:
7228:
7227:8th (1919–20)
7225:
7223:
7222:7th (1918–19)
7220:
7218:
7217:6th (1917–18)
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7202:5th (1907–12)
7200:
7198:
7197:4th (1906–07)
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7182:2nd (1903–05)
7180:
7178:
7175:
7174:
7172:
7170:
7166:
7163:
7157:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
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7134:
7132:
7129:
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7121:
7119:
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7109:
7106:
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7076:
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7061:
7058:
7056:
7053:
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7050:
7048:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7032:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6971:
6969:
6965:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6913:9th (1920–21)
6911:
6909:
6908:8th (1919–20)
6906:
6904:
6901:
6900:
6898:
6896:
6892:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
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6858:
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6838:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6795:9th (1920–21)
6793:
6791:
6790:8th (1919–20)
6788:
6786:
6785:7th (1918–19)
6783:
6781:
6780:6th (1917–18)
6778:
6777:
6775:
6773:
6769:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6672:9th (1920–21)
6670:
6668:
6667:8th (1919–20)
6665:
6663:
6662:7th (1918–19)
6660:
6658:
6657:6th (1917–18)
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6644:
6642:
6640:
6636:
6633:
6627:
6624:
6620:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
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6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
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6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6516:
6514:
6512:
6508:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
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6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6363:
6361:
6359:
6355:
6352:
6348:
6338:
6337:
6333:
6331:
6330:
6326:
6325:
6323:
6319:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6262:International
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6205:
6201:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6170:
6163:
6159:
6156:
6153:
6150:
6147:
6144:
6141:
6140:Yuri Andropov
6138:
6135:
6132:
6129:
6126:
6123:
6122:Joseph Stalin
6120:
6117:
6114:
6111:
6108:
6105:
6104:Elena Stasova
6102:
6099:
6096:
6093:
6092:Elena Stasova
6090:
6089:
6087:
6085:
6081:
6074:
6071:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6061:Yuri Andropov
6059:
6056:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6044:
6043:Joseph Stalin
6041:
6038:
6035:
6034:
6032:
6030:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6017:
6013:
6006:
6001:
5999:
5994:
5992:
5987:
5986:
5983:
5977:
5970:
5961:
5952:
5950:
5949:Ronald Reagan
5946:
5939:
5933:
5928:
5924:
5915:
5914:
5907:
5901:
5896:
5892:
5883:
5882:
5875:
5869:
5865:
5856:
5855:
5848:
5842:
5837:
5833:
5824:
5823:
5816:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5796:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5776:
5767:
5765:
5761:
5758:
5754:
5753:
5743:
5737:
5732:
5731:
5724:
5720:
5716:
5712:
5707:
5704:
5700:
5698:
5697:online review
5694:
5690:
5686:
5680:
5677:. Macmillan.
5675:
5674:
5667:
5663:
5659:
5655:
5651:
5647:
5643:
5642:
5636:
5632:
5631:
5625:
5622:
5618:
5615:
5611:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5587:
5585:
5581:
5577:
5575:
5571:
5567:
5563:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5548:
5544:
5541:(1): 89–106.
5540:
5536:
5535:
5534:Poetics Today
5529:
5525:
5519:
5515:
5514:
5508:
5504:
5500:
5495:
5491:
5485:
5481:
5477:
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5456:
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5438:
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5432:
5428:
5424:
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5419:
5414:
5410:
5406:
5402:
5396:
5391:
5390:
5383:
5382:
5378:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5351:
5347:
5343:
5337:
5333:
5332:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5299:
5296:
5290:
5275:
5274:
5267:
5260:
5255:
5248:
5243:
5235:
5229:
5225:
5218:
5210:
5208:5-09-013785-4
5204:
5200:
5199:
5191:
5184:(in Russian).
5183:
5182:Русская жизнь
5179:
5172:
5170:
5168:
5159:
5153:
5149:
5148:
5140:
5132:
5128:
5124:
5120:
5119:
5111:
5103:
5097:
5093:
5092:
5084:
5077:(2): 111–124.
5076:
5072:
5068:
5061:
5053:
5052:Radio Liberty
5049:
5048:Радио Свобода
5045:
5038:
5036:
5027:
5026:
5021:
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5007:
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5001:
4995:
4987:
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4857:
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4805:
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4771:
4756:
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4731:
4728:
4722:
4707:
4703:
4697:
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4678:
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4660:
4654:
4646:
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4627:
4621:
4613:
4611:9780739148648
4607:
4603:
4602:
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4577:
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4340:9780671528133
4336:
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4280:
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4270:9780393017915
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3937:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3919:1-59420-007-6
3915:
3911:
3910:
3902:
3896:, in Russian.
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3860:
3853:
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3022:
3014:
3012:9781136787850
3008:
3004:
3003:
2996:
2989:
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2978:
2974:
2960:
2959:
2951:
2946:
2945:public domain
2937:
2936:
2924:
2915:
2909:
2896:
2847:
2840:
2836:
2833: and the
2832:
2831:Vladimirovich
2828:
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2814:
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2550:
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2528:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2516:, 1st class (
2515:
2512:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2471:, 1st class (
2470:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2126:
2125:
2120:Soviet Awards
2119:
2118:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2084:According to
2082:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2027:Nikita Petrov
2024:
2015:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1987:
1985:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1909:David Remnick
1899:
1896:
1894:
1885:
1879:Personal life
1876:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1832:(head of the
1831:
1830:Georgi Markov
1827:
1823:
1819:
1818:Indira Gandhi
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1786:state funeral
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1713:
1709:
1701:
1700:Ronald Reagan
1696:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1633:
1629:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1596:United States
1592:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1548:Ronald Reagan
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1454:Joseph Stalin
1451:
1446:
1443:
1438:
1424:
1415:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1331:Prague Spring
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1308:
1303:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1227:Soviet Jewish
1224:
1220:
1216:
1213:According to
1211:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1181:Ipatiev House
1177:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1145:
1144:Filipp Bobkov
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1059:Normalization
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1027:Prague Spring
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
956:
952:
947:
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
911:
909:
905:
901:
892:
887:
877:
875:
870:
868:
864:
859:
855:
850:
848:
843:
838:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
811:
802:
800:
796:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
763:
761:
757:
751:
749:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
715:
713:
708:
706:
702:
698:
693:
689:
684:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
661:
659:
655:
647:
643:
634:
626:
622:
619:
617:
613:
609:
608:
605:
604:
595:
593:
589:
588:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
553:
549:
545:
541:
538:
534:
530:
527:
523:
519:
515:
514:
506:
503:
499:
495:
492:
488:
485:
482:
478:
474:
470:
467:
463:
460:
456:
452:
448:
443:
439:
435:
431:
428:
425:
421:
414:
411:
409:Igor Andropov
408:
405:
404:
397:
393:
382:
379:
372:
371:
369:
365:
361:
358:
354:
350:
347:
345:Resting place
343:
340:
337:
333:
329:
319:
315:
312:
308:
304:
291:
287:
282:
278:
275:
272:
266:
263:
260:
254:
248:
245:
243:
240:
239:
237:
233:
227:
222:
218:
214:
209:
206:
203:
197:
191:
188:
182:
176:
171:
168:
164:
160:
154:
150:
144:
141:
138:
134:
128:
123:
120:
114:
111:
108:
102:
99:
96:
90:
84:
79:
76:
72:
68:
61:
56:
51:Юрий Андропов
47:
43:Yuri Andropov
40:
37:
33:
19:
16534:KGB officers
16529:KGB chairmen
16394:Later events
16310:Malta Summit
16142:Turkmenistan
16070:Soviet Union
16056:Soviet Union
16036:East Germany
15856:Meles Zenawi
15811:Sali Berisha
15761:Václav Havel
15708:Human chains
15615:Károly Grósz
15545:Khozraschyot
15436:Nomenklatura
15411:Eastern Bloc
15224:Soviet Union
15137:Avraham Burg
15112:Shimon Peres
15051:Jimmy Carter
14962:
14933:Soviet Union
14891:1970s aliyah
14768:1970 – 2000)
14680:
14665:
14658:
14651:
14644:
14637:
14630:
14623:
14616:
14609:
14602:
14595:
14588:
14581:
14574:
14567:
14282:
14191:Soviet Union
14177:Belligerents
14162:Part of the
14077:Brinkmanship
13969:intelligence
13858:Marius Oprea
13808:Harvey Klehr
13738:Herbert Feis
13728:Willem Drees
13693:Archie Brown
13610:
13598:
13580:
13570:Trybuna Ludu
13568:
13561:
13557:Radio Moscow
13549:
13542:
13535:
13363:Anti-Zionism
13279:
13202:Keynesianism
13190:Conservatism
13054:Transnistria
13034:China-Taiwan
12691:Gera Demands
12564:
12365:
12240:
12045:El Porteñazo
11939:Congo Crisis
11854:
11789:Algerian War
11772:
11648:Western Bloc
11643:Eastern Bloc
11638:Iron Curtain
11494:
11486:
11478:
11455:
11435:
11427:
11344:Soviet Union
11342:
11335:
11282:
11227:Arvīds Pelše
11170:Full members
11079:
11053:
11019:Arvīds Pelše
10972:Full members
10811:Arvīds Pelše
10760:
10754:Full members
10558:Arvīds Pelše
10522:
10516:Full members
10464:Taylor Swift
10412:
10379:Donald Trump
10358:Kent Brantly
10345:Pope Francis
10337:Barack Obama
10313:Ben Bernanke
10305:Barack Obama
10219:2001–present
10188:Bill Clinton
10180:Andrew Grove
10125:Bill Clinton
10052:
10041:The Computer
9993:Jimmy Carter
9969:Carol Sutton
9937:Alison Cheek
9883:Willy Brandt
9862:Frank Borman
9768:Emilio Segrè
9543:Adolf Hitler
9483:Pierre Laval
9433:
9252:
9180:Shevardnadze
9165:Shcherbytsky
9029:
8709:
8512:Yakov Peters
8418:Boško Krunić
8383:Lazar Mojsov
8344:
8249:Edward Ochab
8211:Károly Grósz
8121:Gustáv Husák
8021:Eastern Bloc
7919:
7864:Soviet Union
7652:Other organs
7569:Russian SFSR
7514:Byelorussian
6334:
6327:
6321:Publications
6227:Construction
6164:, Aug. 1991)
6161:
6139:
6060:
5943:
5938:The Computer
5911:
5879:
5852:
5820:
5763:
5729:
5710:
5702:
5692:
5672:
5645:
5639:
5628:
5606:
5601:(1): 97–102.
5598:
5594:
5579:
5569:
5559:
5538:
5532:
5512:
5502:
5498:
5471:
5458:
5441:Random House
5439:. New York:
5435:
5416:
5388:
5376:
5368:
5362:
5330:
5302:. Retrieved
5298:Getty Images
5297:
5289:
5278:, retrieved
5272:
5266:
5254:
5242:
5223:
5217:
5197:
5190:
5181:
5146:
5139:
5122:
5116:
5110:
5090:
5083:
5074:
5070:
5060:
5047:
5023:
5014:
5003:
4994:
4983:
4973:
4965:
4960:
4950:
4938:
4930:
4903:
4884:
4879:
4867:. Retrieved
4856:
4836:
4829:
4817:. Retrieved
4813:
4804:
4792:. Retrieved
4780:
4770:
4758:. Retrieved
4754:
4745:
4733:. Retrieved
4729:
4721:
4709:. Retrieved
4705:
4696:
4684:. Retrieved
4680:
4671:
4662:
4653:
4644:
4634:
4620:
4600:
4593:
4584:
4537:
4515:
4506:
4494:. Retrieved
4482:
4472:
4463:
4455:
4450:
4438:. Retrieved
4434:the original
4427:
4417:
4407:
4403:
4384:
4378:
4360:Random House
4358:. New York:
4355:
4349:
4330:Soviet Power
4329:
4322:
4314:
4309:
4301:
4296:
4284:
4279:
4260:
4232:
4199:
4192:
4173:
4167:
4148:
4142:
4118:
4111:
4099:
4080:
4074:
4066:
4061:
4049:. Retrieved
4039:
4030:
4019:
4009:
4004:(2009) p.435
4001:
3996:
3971:
3967:
3954:
3943:
3936:
3908:
3901:
3882:
3870:. Retrieved
3863:the original
3858:
3846:
3834:. Retrieved
3830:
3817:
3798:
3792:
3781:, retrieved
3777:
3767:
3760:Epstein 1996
3755:
3743:. Retrieved
3733:
3715:M. E. Sharpe
3709:
3702:
3690:. Retrieved
3683:the original
3670:
3650:
3630:
3623:
3599:
3592:
3565:
3553:. Retrieved
3549:the original
3542:
3535:
3515:
3508:
3489:
3483:
3471:. Retrieved
3461:
3441:
3407:
3388:
3379:
3360:
3354:
3342:
3333:The Scotsman
3331:
3322:
3302:
3266:
3250:
3235:
3211:
3168:. Retrieved
3164:the original
3159:
3124:
3072:
3041:
3034:
3026:
3021:
3001:
2995:
2985:
2977:
2963:. Retrieved
2956:
2846:
2838:
2830:
2817:
2770:(3): 62–63.
2767:
2761:
2755:
2744:
2740:
2732:
2728:
2710:
2694:
2675:
2664:
2652:
2647:
2636:
2627:
2623:
2615:
2611:
2603:
2599:
2499:East Germany
2109:Roy Medvedev
2094:
2083:
2031:Roy Medvedev
2020:
1991:
1988:
1972:
1959:
1947:
1912:
1905:
1897:
1890:
1854:
1850:Kremlin wall
1822:Fidel Castro
1751:
1731:hypertension
1716:
1705:
1648:
1637:
1588:
1540:South Africa
1517:
1492:morally gray
1471:
1447:
1434:
1409:
1398:
1352:
1312:
1263:expansionist
1248:Jimmy Carter
1240:
1215:Yaakov Kedmi
1212:
1178:
1171:
1155:Roy Medvedev
1148:
1116:
1112:KGB Chairman
1090:
1074:
1043:Oleg Kalugin
1024:
1007:Adolf Hitler
960:
912:
897:
871:
854:World War II
851:
839:
816:
791:
764:
752:
744:
721:
709:
685:
662:
641:
640:
624:
611:
601:
554:Secretariat
494:World War II
490:Battles/wars
453:Soviet Union
328:Russian SFSR
322:(1984-02-09)
299:15 June 1914
269:Succeeded by
225:
200:Succeeded by
174:
157:Succeeded by
126:
105:Succeeded by
82:
36:
16499:1984 deaths
16494:1914 births
16370:August Coup
16223:South Yemen
16168:Afghanistan
16012:Central and
16005:by location
15909:Civic Forum
15796:Feng Congde
15771:Ion Iliescu
15756:Lech Wałęsa
15713:Magnitizdat
15675:Zhao Ziyang
15665:Heng Samrin
15625:Miloš Jakeš
15535:Perestroika
15086:Meir Kahane
15031:Iosif Begun
14950:antisemitic
14808:Six-Day War
13903:Shen Zhihua
13713:Michael Cox
13645:competition
13592:Pro-Western
13582:Soviet Life
13508:Safari Club
13478:Warsaw Pact
13333:Nationalism
13323:Imperialism
13222:Reaganomics
13085:Containment
12878:Perestroika
12367:Realpolitik
12197:Six-Day War
12182:Greek junta
11993:Berlin Wall
11841:Suez Crisis
11809:Vietnam War
11696:McCarthyism
11511:Baruch Plan
11456:Unthinkable
11416:Dekemvriana
11355:Warsaw Pact
11164:(1966–1971)
10966:(1971–1976)
10748:(1976–1981)
10510:(1981–1986)
10414:The Capital
10411:/ Staff of
10409:Kyaw Soe Oo
10401:Maria Ressa
10033:Lech Wałęsa
10001:Anwar Sadat
9973:Addie Wyatt
9965:Susie Sharp
9953:Carla Hills
9949:Ella Grasso
9941:Jill Conway
9919:King Faisal
9911:John Sirica
9764:Isidor Rabi
9740:John Enders
9268:Governments
9190:Solomentsev
9130:Mzhavanadze
8829:Six-Day War
8679:(1954–1991)
8616:(1946–1954)
8578:(1934–1946)
8548:(1922–1934)
8497:(1917–1922)
8423:Stipe Šuvar
8403:Ali Šukrija
8216:Rezső Nyers
8206:János Kádár
8126:Miloš Jakeš
8050:Enver Hoxha
7975:(1990–1991)
7969:(1988–1990)
7963:(1986–1988)
7957:(1977–1986)
7940:(1988–1991)
7934:(1985–1988)
7928:(1984–1985)
7922:(1983–1984)
7916:(1977–1982)
7910:(1965–1977)
7904:(1964–1965)
7898:(1960–1964)
7892:(1953–1960)
7886:(1946–1953)
7880:(1922–1946)
7612:Local-level
7509:Azerbaijani
7090:Secretariat
6772:Secretariat
6609:19th (1988)
6604:18th (1941)
6599:17th (1932)
6594:16th (1929)
6589:15th (1926)
6584:14th (1925)
6579:13th (1924)
6574:12th (1922)
6501:28th (1990)
6496:27th (1986)
6491:26th (1981)
6486:25th (1976)
6481:24th (1971)
6476:23rd (1966)
6471:22nd (1961)
6466:21st (1959)
6461:20th (1956)
6456:19th (1952)
6451:18th (1939)
6446:17th (1934)
6441:16th (1930)
6436:15th (1927)
6431:14th (1925)
6426:13th (1924)
6421:12th (1923)
6416:11th (1922)
6411:10th (1921)
6257:Information
6217:Agriculture
6204:Departments
6184:Secretariat
5505:(2): 34–69.
5304:2 September
4869:15 December
3259:Vsya Moskva
3212:Soviet Life
2958:Soviet Life
2835:family name
2554:(Mongolia)
2456:(Bulgaria)
2441:(Bulgaria)
2378:Afghanistan
1966:Warsaw Pact
1923:perestroika
1865:perestroika
1802:Helmut Kohl
1770:North Korea
1729:, residual
1667:South Korea
1630:during the
1617:nuclear war
1605:evil empire
1584:North Korea
1572:South Yemen
1552:Evil Empire
1260:pro-Western
1208:monarchists
1188:Nicholas II
1167:John Lennon
1140:Boris Gulko
1025:During the
783:proletarian
775:anti-Jewish
732:Don Cossack
362:(1939–1984)
257:Preceded by
185:Preceded by
147:Preceded by
93:Preceded by
16488:Categories
16411:Lustration
16285:Baltic Way
16236:Individual
16213:Mozambique
16152:Uzbekistan
16137:Tajikistan
16122:Kyrgyzstan
16117:Kazakhstan
16082:Azerbaijan
16061:Yugoslavia
15939:Solidarity
15899:Charter 77
15885:Opposition
15781:Wu'erkaixi
15747:Opposition
15694:Opposition
15685:Siad Barre
15630:Egon Krenz
15600:Ramiz Alia
15591:Government
15530:Uskoreniye
15462:background
15384:background
15186:Pro-Jewish
15163:Pro-Soviet
15102:Golda Meir
14841:Ashkenazim
14774:Background
14710:Multimedia
14317:Mujahideen
14205:Mujahideen
13671:Historians
13662:Space Race
13563:Rudé právo
13517:Propaganda
13373:Neo-Nazism
13343:Chauvinism
13297:Trotskyism
13212:Monetarism
13180:Liberalism
13172:Capitalism
13164:Ideologies
13115:Ostpolitik
12838:Solidarity
12803:Toyota War
12706:Solidarity
12563:Operation
12518:Ogaden War
12207:Dhofar War
12095:Shifta War
11853:Operation
11701:Korean War
11493:Operation
11485:Operation
11477:Operation
11454:Operation
11434:Operation
11426:Operation
10276:Bill Gates
10200:Jeff Bezos
10117:Ted Turner
9945:Betty Ford
9866:Jim Lovell
9215:Vorotnikov
8686:Ivan Serov
8169:Egon Krenz
8055:Ramiz Alia
7890:Voroshilov
7584:Turkestani
7559:Lithuanian
7159:Elected by
6559:9th (1920)
6554:8th (1919)
6549:7th (1917)
6544:6th (1912)
6539:5th (1908)
6524:2nd (1906)
6519:1st (1905)
6511:Conference
6406:9th (1920)
6401:8th (1919)
6396:7th (1918)
6391:6th (1917)
6386:5th (1907)
6381:4th (1906)
6376:3rd (1905)
6371:2nd (1903)
6366:1st (1898)
6292:Propaganda
5917:1983–1984
5885:1982–1984
5858:1982–1984
5826:1967–1982
5719:B00DDVND9I
5320:See also:
5233:5865080520
4556:1330888409
2982:"Andropov"
2933:References
2827:patronymic
2703:B003UHCKTO
1993:Red Rabbit
1979:stagnation
1950:Securitate
1790:Red Square
1782:Costa Rica
1698:President
1613:ABM Treaty
1600:Paul Nitze
1176:strategy.
1117:After the
1069:See also:
949:Andropov,
718:Early life
539:Politburo
528:Politburo
450:Allegiance
303:Nagutskaya
295:1914-06-15
16719:War scare
16451:Pink tide
16245:Jeltoqsan
16161:Elsewhere
16112:Lithuania
15964:Rastokhez
15904:New Forum
15887:movements
15786:Chai Ling
15396:Communism
15333:Channel 9
15316:Aftermath
15011:Ida Nudel
14856:Krymchaks
14752:Refusenik
14653:Rambo III
14611:Cargo 200
14604:The Beast
14590:Afghantsi
14344:Abdul Haq
13958:Ken Young
13803:Tony Judt
13652:Arms race
13625:Red Scare
13493:NN States
13438:Apartheid
13393:Autocracy
13302:Stalinism
13270:Guevarism
13260:Castroism
13250:Communism
13242:Socialism
12768:Star Wars
12361:Koza riot
11487:Beleaguer
11479:Masterdom
10444:Elon Musk
10432:Joe Biden
10192:Ken Starr
9985:1976–2000
9650:1951–1975
9443:1927–1950
9387:11th plan
9382:10th plan
9150:Ponomarev
9145:Polyansky
9110:Kuznetsov
9085:Kirilenko
9065:Gorbachev
9045:Chernenko
9040:Chebrikov
8737:(1988–91)
8729:(1982–88)
8713:(1967–82)
8705:(1961–67)
8697:(1958–61)
8689:(1954–58)
8667:(1953–54)
8651:(1951–53)
8634:(1946–51)
8604:(1938–46)
8596:(1936–38)
8588:(1934–36)
8566:(1926–34)
8558:(1922–26)
8523:(1918–22)
8507:(1917–18)
8201:Imre Nagy
8196:Ernő Gerő
7955:Kuznetsov
7938:Gorbachev
7926:Chernenko
7767:(1990–91)
7755:(1932–33)
7737:(1926–27)
7731:(1924–33)
7725:(1923–30)
7719:(1923–27)
7713:(1921–23)
7707:(1920–21)
7701:(1919–21)
7687:Groupings
7594:Ukrainian
7564:Moldavian
7118:Collegium
7047:Presidium
6639:Politburo
6154:(1985–91)
6148:(1984–85)
6142:(1982–84)
6136:(1964–82)
6130:(1953–64)
6124:(1922–52)
6118:(1921–22)
6112:(1919–21)
6100:(1918–19)
6094:(1917–18)
6075:(1985–91)
6069:(1984–85)
6063:(1982–84)
6057:(1964–82)
6051:(1953–64)
6045:(1924–53)
6039:(1912–24)
5662:154971262
5630:Kommunist
5280:20 August
5025:Gulf News
4819:17 August
4789:0362-4331
4564:cite news
4548:0190-8286
4491:0362-4331
4440:2 January
3745:16 August
3255:Page 1007
2965:19 August
2908:romanized
2786:146988437
2638:Izvestiya
1999:Marlboros
1944:, Moscow.
1671:black box
1655:Anchorage
1512:The Hague
1460:chairman
1229:activist
1200:Bolshevik
1015:Politburo
1011:Eva Braun
995:Magdeburg
991:neo-Nazis
963:Socialist
908:Imre Nagy
801:in 1939.
779:lishentsy
767:merchants
748:gymnasium
621:Chernenko
475:1939–1984
433:Signature
423:Residence
301:Stanitsa
226:In office
193:(acting)
175:In office
127:In office
83:In office
16208:Mongolia
16203:Ethiopia
16188:Cambodia
16092:Chechnya
16026:Bulgaria
15801:Tank Man
15791:Wang Dan
15776:Liu Gang
15733:Samizdat
15728:Protests
15567:Glasnost
15550:500 Days
15474:Cold War
15382:Internal
14700:Category
14271:Alliance
14184:Alliance
14168:Cold War
14166:and the
14110:Timeline
14100:Category
14045:See also
13537:Izvestia
13378:Islamism
13275:Hoxhaism
13150:Rollback
13029:Abkhazia
12969:Gulf War
12873:Glasnost
12243:incident
12013:Sand War
11871:Ifni War
11380:Rio Pact
11325:Cold War
10172:David Ho
9377:9th plan
9372:8th plan
9247:Podgorny
9237:Brezhnev
9200:Tikhonov
9185:Shvernik
9170:Shelepin
9155:Rashidov
9140:Podgorny
9115:Masherov
9090:Kiselyov
9050:Demichev
9035:Brezhnev
9030:Andropov
7967:Lukyanov
7961:Demichev
7920:Andropov
7914:Brezhnev
7908:Podgorny
7896:Brezhnev
7884:Shvernik
7781:See also
7624:Okrugkom
7544:Khorezmi
7529:Georgian
7524:Estonian
7519:Bukharan
7504:Armenian
7161:Congress
6358:Congress
5617:Archived
5561:Imprimis
5433:(1996).
5423:Archived
4261:Andropov
4051:30 March
3988:18194424
3928:52814066
3890:Archived
3872:2 August
3836:24 March
3831:Ynetnews
3659:Archived
3473:29 April
2839:Andropov
2756:samizdat
2537:Mongolia
2409:Bulgaria
1952:general
1929:, later
1869:glasnost
1848:and the
1774:Zimbabwe
1766:Bulgaria
1735:diabetes
1556:Cold War
1343:Kiszczak
1305:General
1196:murdered
1190:and his
1183:, where
1086:samizdat
1061:period.
935:Budapest
827:Komsomol
724:Stanitsa
616:Brezhnev
395:Children
351:, Moscow
326:Moscow,
18:Andropov
16460:Related
16218:Somalia
16147:Ukraine
16127:Moldova
16102:Georgia
16097:Estonia
16087:Belarus
16077:Armenia
16051:Romania
16041:Hungary
16021:Albania
15929:Sąjūdis
15749:leaders
15696:methods
15593:leaders
15582:Đổi Mới
15523:Reforms
14803:Zionism
14264:Leaders
13600:Amerika
13483:Comecon
13368:Fascism
13358:Zionism
13307:Titoism
12848:Contras
12316:Détente
11593:Comecon
10405:Wa Lone
9322:Reforms
9242:Kosygin
9224:Leaders
9210:Voronov
9205:Ustinov
9175:Shelest
9160:Romanov
9125:Mikoyan
9120:Mazurov
9105:Kulakov
9100:Kosygin
9080:Gromyko
9075:Grishin
9070:Grechko
9060:Efremov
9055:Dolgikh
8864:Détente
8764:*Acting
8019:of the
7973:Yanayev
7932:Gromyko
7902:Mikoyan
7878:Kalinin
7862:of the
7659:Statute
7639:Partkom
7589:Turkmen
7554:Latvian
7549:Kirghiz
7036:Central
6895:Orgburo
6247:General
6232:Culture
6189:Orgburo
6029:Leaders
5799:YouTube
5766:, no. 5
5595:Dissent
5584:excerpt
5350:9464732
4628:. 1984.
4496:11 July
4200:Memoirs
3555:11 July
2518:Hungary
2346:(1982)
2331:(1957)
2316:(1978)
2301:(1969)
2286:(1975)
2271:(1965)
2242:(1945)
2227:(1945)
1975:Hungary
1458:Gosplan
1431:Economy
1285:of the
1283:boycott
1244:SALT II
1219:Zionism
1174:détente
865:of the
833:in the
819:Rybinsk
367:Spouses
235:Premier
32:Rybinsk
16238:events
16173:Angola
16132:Russia
16107:Latvia
16046:Poland
16003:Events
15655:Ne Win
15291:Israel
15251:Pamyat
15095:Israel
15003:Jewish
14925:People
14879:Events
14851:Karaim
14781:Causes
13551:Pravda
13353:Racism
13292:Maoism
13044:Kosovo
12565:Condor
12241:Pueblo
12227:May 68
11855:Gladio
11773:Tuapse
11436:Jungle
11428:Priboi
10466:(2023)
10458:(2022)
10446:(2021)
10438:(2020)
10426:(2019)
10418:(2018)
10389:(2017)
10381:(2016)
10373:(2015)
10365:(2014)
10347:(2013)
10339:(2012)
10331:(2011)
10323:(2010)
10315:(2009)
10307:(2008)
10299:(2007)
10291:(2006)
10283:(2005)
10264:(2004)
10256:(2003)
10248:(2002)
10229:(2001)
10210:(2000)
10202:(1999)
10194:(1998)
10182:(1997)
10174:(1996)
10166:(1995)
10158:(1994)
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10095:(1988)
10087:(1987)
10079:(1986)
10071:(1985)
10063:(1984)
10055:(1983)
10043:(1982)
10035:(1981)
10027:(1980)
10019:(1979)
10011:(1978)
10003:(1977)
9995:(1976)
9976:(1975)
9921:(1974)
9913:(1973)
9905:(1972)
9893:(1971)
9885:(1970)
9877:(1969)
9869:(1968)
9847:(1967)
9839:(1966)
9831:(1965)
9823:(1964)
9815:(1963)
9807:(1962)
9799:(1961)
9791:(1960)
9724:(1959)
9716:(1958)
9708:(1957)
9700:(1956)
9692:(1955)
9684:(1954)
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9668:(1952)
9660:(1951)
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9633:(1949)
9625:(1948)
9617:(1947)
9609:(1946)
9601:(1945)
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9509:(1934)
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9485:(1931)
9477:(1930)
9469:(1929)
9461:(1928)
9453:(1927)
9233:Troika
9195:Suslov
9095:Kunaev
9025:Aliyev
8754:(1991)
8745:(1991)
8721:(1982)
8659:(1953)
8642:(1951)
8626:(1946)
8515:(1918)
8483:Chiefs
7773:(1991)
7761:(1957)
7749:(1932)
7743:(1930)
7634:Raikom
7629:Gorkom
7539:Kazakh
6329:Pravda
6162:acting
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1192:family
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957:, 1967
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16183:Burma
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15156:Other
14036:Stasi
13503:SAARC
13498:ASEAN
13463:SEATO
13316:Other
13281:Juche
13039:Korea
12952:1990s
12665:1980s
12309:1970s
11932:1960s
11684:1950s
11394:1940s
11375:NEATO
11370:SEATO
11360:ANZUS
9135:Pelše
8495:Cheka
7765:Soyuz
7619:Obkom
7599:Uzbek
7574:Tajik
6312:Women
5954:1983
5658:S2CID
5261:kp.ru
4945:, by
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3984:S2CID
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14424:1989
14419:1988
14414:1987
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14399:1984
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14389:1982
14384:1981
14379:1980
14374:1979
13576:TASS
13468:METO
13458:NATO
12684:and
12682:1980
12239:USS
11365:METO
11350:NATO
10272:Bono
9434:Time
9354:1984
9344:1979
9339:1973
9334:1965
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4889:ISBN
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4842:ISBN
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4796:2021
4785:ISSN
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4713:2021
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4606:ISBN
4576:help
4552:OCLC
4544:ISSN
4498:2017
4487:ISSN
4442:2008
4429:TIME
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4128:ISBN
4085:ISBN
4053:2013
3924:OCLC
3914:ISBN
3874:2019
3838:2020
3803:ISBN
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3747:2013
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567:24th
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317:Died
289:Born
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14001:CIA
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5786:by
5650:doi
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