480:, who became his successor. Another concubine was Umm Abu Ali. She was the mother of his son Abu Ali. She wanted her own son to succeed and after her husband's death in 1160, She gained over many amirs to her side, and had their slave-girls armed with daggers to kill the new caliph. Al-Mustanjid discovered the plot and placed the rebel son and mother in prison.
445:, obtained high distinction as a brave and generous warrior. At one time hard pressed, Zengi made urgent appeal for help to Baghdad. The sultan and the caliph dispatched 20,000 men in response. But in reality neither the Seljuks, nor the caliph, nor their emirs, had any enthusiasm for war against the Crusaders.
360:. Baghdad, well defended by the river and its canals, resisted the attack; but in the end the caliph and Zengi, hopeless of success, escaped to Mosul. The sultan's power restored, a council was held, the caliph deposed, and his uncle al-Muqtafi succeeded as the new caliph. Al-Rashid Bi'llah fled to
384:
In 1148, he successfully fought off a group of Seljuk generals who rebelled against Sultan Mas'ud and marched on
Baghdad. According to some sources, a similar attempt followed in the next year, and was likewise defeated by the caliph's troops. Following the death of Mas'ud in October 1152, and the
487:. They married in 1140. Her dowry was one hundred thousand dinars. The wedding procession was delayed for five years because of her young age. However, the marriage was never consummated because of Masud's ultimate death in 1152. Another daughter was Kerman Khatun. She was wife of sultan
325:. The caliph, deserted by his troops, was taken prisoner, and pardoned on the promising not to quit his palace. Left in the caliphal tent, however, in the sultan's absence, he was found murdered while reading the Quran, as is supposed, by an emissary of the
946:
Histoire des
Seldjoukides et des Ismaéliens ou Assassins de l'Iran, extraite du Tarikhi Guzideh ou Histoire Choisie d'Hamd-Allah Mustaufi. Traduite du persan et accompagnée de notes historiques et géographiques par M. Defrémery. (Extrait ... du Journal
840:. Nederlands Historisch-Archeologisch Instituut in het Nabije Oosten İstanbul: Uitgaven van het Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul. Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul. p. 98 and n. 58.
316:
succeeded him on 6 August 1118. Al-Mustarshid (r. 1118–1135) ruled for sixteen years as Caliph but the last three years of his reign were occupied with war against Seljuq sultan Mas'ud (his deputy). Not long after the siege of
448:
Al-Muqtafi is praised by contemporary Muslim historians as virtuous, capable and brave. During his caliphate of twenty-five years, he conducted many minor expeditions against enemies throughout Iraq and Syria.
380:
Al-Muqtafi was proclaimed caliph on 17 September 1136. He was able to use the infighting of the
Seljuks to safeguard his own control over Baghdad, and even gradually extend his rule over much of Iraq.
321:, al-Mustarshid launched a military campaign against Seljuk sultan Mas'ud, who had obtained the title in Baghdad in January 1133 by the caliph himself. The rival armies met near
430:
of the Caliph, a post he kept for sixteen years until his death on 27 March 1165, commonly attributed to poisoning through his physician, who was in the pay of his rivals.
1090:
The
Chronicle of Ibn Al-Athir for the Crusading Period from Al-Kamil Fi'L-Ta'Rikh.: The Years 491-541/1097-1146 the Coming of the Franks and the Muslim Response
491:. They married towards the end of 1158 or in early 1159. He was, however, unable to consummate the marriage owing to his illness. After his death, she married
329:, who had no love for the caliph. Modern historians have suspected that Mas'ud instigated the murder although the two most important historians of the period
404:
After
Muhammad defeated Suleiman-Shah, however, the Seljuks marched on Baghdad and forced the caliph to take refuge in the eastern quarter, initiating the
356:, who was equally hostile to the sultan because of the murder of Dubais ibn Sadaqah, set up a rival sultan. Mas'ud hastened to the rebellious capital and
344:
on 29 August 1135. Like his father al-Mustarshid, al-Rashid Billah made another attempt of military independence (forming his own military) from the
270:
476:
and his wife
Nistandar Jahan. They married in 1137. She died in September 1147. One of his concubines was Thawus, a Greek. She was the mother of
1638:
790:"The Role of Women in the Būyid and Saljūq Periods of the Abbasid Caliphate (339-447/9501055&447-547/1055-1152): The Case of Iraq"
1218:
385:
ensuing contest for the sultanate among the
Seljuks, al-Muqtafi played an active role. In the months after Mas'ud's death, he seized
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695:
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604:
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659:
657:
Mingana, A. (1926). "A Charter of
Protection Granted to the Nestorian Church in AD 1138 by Muktafi II, Caliph of Baghdad".
289:
afforded al-Muqtafi opportunity of not only maintaining his authority in
Baghdad, but also extending it throughout Iraq.
1064:
988:
434:
1643:
503:
Al-Muqtafi died on 12 March 1160 at the age 64. He was succeeded by his son Yusuf better known by his regnal name
438:
337:
did not speculate on this matter. Physically, al-Mustarshid was a red-haired man with blue eyes and freckles.
1211:
516:
416:, and over time al-Muqtafi restored good relations with Muhammad. During his last years, al-Muqtafi attacked
405:
507:. He was born in 1124, and assumed the throne at the age of 36 after the death of his father al-Muqtafi.
492:
1037:
1347:
427:
1051:
334:
713:
The
Chronicle of Ibn Al-Athīr for the Crusading Period from Al-Kāmil Fīʼl-taʼrīkh: The years 541–589
1204:
1167:
522:
484:
349:
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who came to demand a heavy largess, incited the mob to plunder his palace, and then, supported by
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1511:
1227:
357:
278:
1536:
488:
423:
398:
297:
The future caliph al-Muqtafi was born on 9 April 1096 as Abu Abdallah Muhammad, the son of the
975:
1486:
1433:
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312:). His mother was Ashin, a slave girl from Syria. After his father's death his half-brother
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8:
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46:
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65:
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341:
274:
95:
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1516:
1506:
1476:
1443:
1269:
1174:
1128:
688:
Putting the Caliph in His Place: Power, Authority, and the Late Abbasid Caliphate
457:
452:
A charter of protection granted by al-Muqtafi in 1139 to the Nestorian patriarch
249:
209:
42:
1546:
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152:
70:
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1316:
1301:
1112:
1002:
971:
394:
369:
313:
1012:"The Political Revival of the Abbasid Caliphate: Al-Muqtafī and the Seljuqs"
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1418:
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1286:
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477:
345:
330:
302:
286:
219:
173:
105:
740:. Bangkit dan Runtuhnya Daulah Islamiyah. Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 748.
195:ʾAbu ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn ʾAḥmad al-Mustaẓhir al-Muqtafī li-ʾAmri ʾillāh
1496:
1491:
1373:
1368:
1341:
1306:
1158:
1136:
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237:
672:
408:. The siege was eventually abandoned as Muhammad faced the rebellion of
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1423:
1393:
1363:
1336:
1321:
22:
943:
753:
The Caliphate Revisited: The Abbasids of 11th and 12th Century Baghdad
1296:
1254:
1249:
919:
Bakikhanov, Abbas-Kuli-aga; Floor, William M.; Javadi, Hasan (2009).
896:
Women in Islamic Biographical Collections: From Ibn Saʻd to Who's who
814:
Orta Asya Türk-İslâm devletlerinde evlilikler ve evlilik gelenekleri
393:. In the Seljuk succession struggle, he supported Mas'ud's brother,
1428:
1383:
1353:
1259:
390:
318:
1601:
indicates ephemeral caliphs recognized in the city of Baghdad only
1196:
1358:
1274:
1264:
1239:
413:
401:, extracting from the former a pledge not to interfere in Iraq.
322:
298:
282:
204:
74:
838:
A Muslim Principality in Crusader Times: The Early Artuqid State
348:. To avenge his father's death, he insulted the envoy of sultan
1462:
1235:
582:. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. pp. 487, 492.
417:
61:
921:
The Heavenly Rose-garden: A History of Shirvan & Daghestan
483:
One of his daughters was Zubaydah. She was the wife of sultan
1466:
558:
386:
257:
556:
554:
552:
550:
548:
546:
544:
542:
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538:
711:
al-Athīr, ʻIzz al-Dīn Ibn; Richards, Donaod Sidney (2006).
874:
872:
340:
Al-Mustarshid was succeeded by his son and heir apparent,
638:
535:
869:
769:
781:
918:
817:(masterThesis). Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. p. 49
715:. Crusade texts in translation. Ashgate. p. 16.
690:. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. p. 170.
256:; 9 April 1096 – 12 March 1160), better known by his
21:
For the 10th-century caliph with a similar name, see
829:
835:
1041:
965:
1610:
710:
944:Ḣamd Allāh AḢMAD IBN ABĪ BAKR IBN NAṠR (1849).
573:
571:
420:twice in vain, but captured the town of Lihf.
285:. The continued disunion and contests between
1212:
1115:, The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall.
738:Bangkit Dan Runtuhnya Khilafah Bani Abbasiyah
592:
578:الدكتور, عبد القادر بوباية ،الأستاذ (2009).
364:where he was assassinated by a team of four
264:
246:Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mustazhir
1036:
854:
787:
624:. Cambridge University Press. p. 384.
568:
562:
1219:
1205:
1065:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
989:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
865:. مؤسسة الرسالة العالمية. pp. 321–22.
836:Hillenbrand, C.; al-Azraq, A.Y.I. (1990).
804:
622:The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines
586:
1092:. Crusade texts in translation. Ashgate.
1073:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 543–544.
1027:
997:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 802–803.
729:
273:from 1136 to 1160, succeeding his nephew
1087:
1016:Journal of the American Oriental Society
889:
887:
878:
811:Güney, Alime Okumuş (29 December 2020).
788:Rudainy, Al; Saud, Reem (12 June 2015).
775:
16:Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad (r. 1136–1160)
963:
755:. University of Michigan. p. 366.
656:
644:
619:
577:
292:
1611:
898:. L. Rienner Publishers. p. 122.
860:
735:
1200:
893:
884:
810:
750:
744:
685:
368:in June 1138. This was celebrated in
660:Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
1226:
1009:
265:
253:
13:
1639:12th-century Arabic-language poets
1183:17 September 1136 – 12 March 1160
792:. University of Exeter. p. 68
254:أبو عبد الله محمد بن أحمد المستظهر
14:
1655:
87:17 September 1136 – 12 March 1160
1029:10.7817/jameroriesoci.137.2.0301
580:الاكتفاء في اخبار الخلفاء 1–2 ج2
519:, served as imam for al-Muqtafi.
937:
923:. Mage Publishers. p. 62.
912:
863:مرآة الزمان في تواريخ الأعيان 0
406:Seljuk siege of Baghdad of 1157
307:
704:
679:
650:
613:
596:The Crusades Through Arab Eyes
1:
1634:Muslims of the Second Crusade
593:Amin Maalouf (15 July 2012).
528:
517:Abu Mansur Mauhub al-Jawaliqi
456:was published in 1926 by the
1629:12th-century Abbasid caliphs
7:
510:
437:were raging and Zengi, the
397:, against Mas'ud's nephew,
366:Nizari Ismailis (Assassins)
10:
1660:
1107:This text is adapted from
957:
460:scholar Alphonse Mingana.
433:During his caliphate, the
131:Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate
121:Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate
20:
1599:
1461:
1234:
1185:
1172:
1164:
1157:
1122:
472:, the daughter of Sultan
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271:Abbasid caliph in Baghdad
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125:
115:
111:
101:
91:
83:
56:
37:
30:
861:الجوزي, سبط ابن (2013).
620:Daftary, Farhad (1992).
523:Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi
498:
375:
129:12 March 1160 (aged 64)
1644:Sons of Abbasid caliphs
1348:Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz
1088:Richards, D.S. (2010).
686:Hanne, Eric J. (2007).
261:al-Muqtafi li-Amr Allah
424:Awn al-Din ibn Hubayra
485:Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud
468:One of his wives was
426:was appointed as the
350:Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud
1281:Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi
1134:Cadet branch of the
964:Makdisi, G. (1971).
751:Hanne, E.J. (1998).
599:. Saqi. p. 81.
293:Birth and background
1010:Tor, D. G. (2017).
673:10.7227/BJRL.10.1.6
647:, pp. 802–803.
1159:Sunni Islam titles
1038:Zetterstéen, K. V.
894:Roded, R. (1994).
495:in November 1160.
279:forced to abdicate
1606:
1605:
1582:al-Mutawakkil III
1572:al-Mutawakkil III
1195:
1194:
1186:Succeeded by
1099:978-0-7546-6950-0
1080:978-90-04-09419-2
949:. pp. 95–96.
930:978-1-933823-27-0
905:978-1-55587-442-1
847:978-90-6258-066-8
762:978-0-599-08368-4
736:Al-Khudari, S.M.
722:978-0-7546-4078-3
697:978-0-8386-4113-2
631:978-0-521-42974-0
606:978-0-86356-848-0
266:المقتفي لأمر الله
243:
242:
199:
198:
66:Abbasid Caliphate
33:المقتفي لأمر الله
1651:
1589:Ottoman conquest
1562:al-Mutawakkil II
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1198:
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1165:Preceded by
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563:Zetterstéen 1993
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474:Muhammad I Tapar
358:laid siege to it
342:Al-Rashid Billah
311:
310: 1094–1118
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47:Amir al-Mu'minin
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1532:al-Mutawakkil I
1517:al-Mutawakkil I
1507:al-Mutawakkil I
1477:al-Mustansir II
1469:
1457:
1451:Mongol conquest
1270:Harun al-Rashid
1242:
1230:
1228:Abbasid Caliphs
1225:
1191:
1182:
1177:
1175:Caliph of Islam
1170:
1147:
1141:
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1129:Abbasid dynasty
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1048:Bosworth, C. E.
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1547:al-Mustakfi II
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1542:al-Mu'tadid II
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1179:Abbasid Caliph
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1052:van Donzel, E.
1034:
1022:(2): 301–314.
1007:
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952:
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911:
904:
883:
881:, p. 355.
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780:
778:, p. 114.
768:
761:
743:
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721:
703:
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678:
667:(1): 126–133.
649:
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605:
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565:, p. 543.
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470:Fatimah Khatun
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443:Zengid dynasty
410:Malik-Shah III
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71:Abbasid Caliph
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1567:al-Mustamsik
1557:al-Mustanjid
1527:al-Musta'sim
1522:al-Wathiq II
1512:al-Musta'sim
1448:
1444:al-Musta'sim
1419:al-Mustanjid
1413:
1399:al-Mustazhir
1346:
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1189:Al-Mustanjid
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1145:9 April 1096
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1043:"al-Muḳtafī"
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467:
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372:for a week.
339:
335:Ibn al-Jawzi
331:Ibn al-Athir
303:al-Mustazhir
296:
287:Seljuk Turks
260:
245:
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220:Al-Mustazhir
174:Al-Mustanjid
119:9 April 1096
106:Al-Mustanjid
38:
18:
1624:1160 deaths
1619:1096 births
1537:al-Musta'in
1497:al-Hakim II
1492:al-Wathiq I
1470:(1261–1517)
1369:al-Mustakfi
1342:al-Muqtadir
1332:al-Mu'tadid
1327:al-Mu'tamid
1312:al-Musta'in
1307:al-Muntasir
1292:al-Mu'tasim
1137:Banu Hashim
1069:Volume VII:
1060:Pellat, Ch.
993:Volume III:
984:Schacht, J.
980:Pellat, Ch.
947:Asiatique.)
493:Arslan-Shah
489:Muhammad II
454:Abdisho III
399:Muhammad II
269:), was the
258:regnal name
238:Sunni Islam
160:Umm Abu Ali
92:Predecessor
31:Al-Muqtafi
1613:Categories
1482:al-Hakim I
1424:al-Mustadi
1414:al-Muqtafi
1394:al-Muqtadi
1364:al-Muttaqi
1337:al-Muktafi
1322:al-Muhtadi
1317:al-Mu'tazz
1243:(749–1258)
1124:Al-Muqtafi
821:13 January
529:References
23:al-Muktafi
1409:al-Rashid
1297:al-Wathiq
1287:al-Ma'mun
1255:al-Mansur
1250:al-Saffah
1168:Al-Rashid
1003:495469525
972:Lewis, B.
327:Assassins
275:al-Rashid
102:Successor
96:Al-Rashid
1552:al-Qa'im
1434:al-Zahir
1429:al-Nasir
1389:al-Qa'im
1384:al-Qadir
1379:al-Ta'i'
1374:al-Muti'
1354:al-Qahir
1260:al-Mahdi
1062:(eds.).
1040:(1993).
986:(eds.).
796:14 April
511:See also
458:Assyrian
435:Crusades
391:al-Hilla
319:Damascus
234:Religion
179:Zubaydah
43:Khalīfah
1463:Caliphs
1359:al-Radi
1275:al-Amin
1265:al-Hadi
1240:Baghdad
1236:Caliphs
1071:Mif–Naz
958:Sources
414:Hamadan
362:Isfahan
346:Seljuks
323:Hamadan
301:caliph
299:Abbasid
283:Seljuks
281:by the
210:Abbasid
205:Dynasty
177:Abu Ali
146:Consort
140:Baghdad
75:Baghdad
64:of the
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216:Father
157:Thawus
136:Burial
62:Caliph
1467:Cairo
1150:Died:
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499:Death
387:Wasit
376:Reign
354:Zengi
229:Ashin
190:Names
169:Issue
84:Reign
60:31st
1094:ISBN
1075:ISBN
999:OCLC
925:ISBN
900:ISBN
842:ISBN
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798:2024
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389:and
333:and
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