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107:, of which many are based on traditional rhythms and music traditions of the region. Modern African dance styles are deeply rooted in culture and tradition. Many tribes have a role solely for the purpose of passing on the tribe's dance traditions; dances which have been passed down through the centuries, often unchanged, with little to no room for improvisation. Each tribe developed its own unique style of dance, falling into three categories based on purpose. The first is religious dancing, which many tribes purport enhances peace, health, and prosperity. Religious dances often involved masqueraders, performing as both the spirits and those who placated them. Religion and spirituality infused every part of traditional African life, and continues to affect African dance today. The second is griotic, and was a type of dance that told a story. It is named after a
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210:, an early European observer, noted that "children will move their heads and limbs, while on their mother's backs, in exact unison with the tune which is playing." Many traditional African children's games, particularly in western and central Africa, include elements that promote the child's ability to understand rhythms. When children are old enough to attempt the dance moves, they imitate accomplished older dancers until they can replicate the dances precisely. They are only permitted to improvise when they have mastered the prescribed choreography.
121:. The third type is ceremonial. These dances are performed at ceremonies such as weddings, anniversaries, and rites of passage. However, many dances did not have only one purpose. Rather, there was often one primary purpose, that blended into many secondary purposes. Dance was often very important to the maintenance of a ruler's status in the tribal society. Colonialism and globalization have resulted in the eradication of certain styles of African dance. Other styles have been blended together, or mixed with dance styles outside of Africa.
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134:. African dance styles were merged with new cultural experiences to form new styles of dance. For example, slaves responded to the fears of their masters about high-energy styles of dance with changing stepping to shuffling. However, in North America, slaves did not have as much freedom to continue their culture and dance. In many cases, these dances have evolved into modern dance styles, such as
374:: a Zimbabwean dance performed by men, with participation from women in the form of singing and playing of instruments as well as dancing along on the sidelines. The women sometimes form a line and dance around the men. The Muchongoyo is a spiritual dance performed to celebrate important events and connect participants to the divine.
237:, for example, commonly combine at least two rhythms in their movement, or three if they are particularly talented. Any more than that is a rare feat. They may also add rhythmic components independent of those in the music. Very complex movements are possible even though the body does not move through space.
175:. Improvisation is limited as it places the focus on the individual over the group. Early outsider commentaries noted the absence of the kind of close couple dancing popular in Europe and North America: such dancing was thought to be immoral or in poor taste in many traditional African societies. Among the
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Dances are usually segregated by sex, where gender roles in children and other community structures such as kinship, age, and political status are often reinforced. Many dances are divided by gender, as a result of associations with gender-divided labor, as well as cultural beliefs about gender roles
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Musical accompaniment for
African dances is highly varied. Most dances make use of the human voice in the form of singing, shouting, recitations, grunts, whispering, and other vocalizations. Many groups use drums. In an African community, coming together in response to the beating of the drum is an
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As people were taken from Africa to be sold as slaves, especially starting in the 1500s, they brought their dance styles with them. Entire cultures were imported into the New World, especially those areas where slaves were given more flexibility to continue their cultures and where there were more
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opportunity to give one another a sense of belonging and of solidarity, a time to connect with each other and be part of a collective rhythm of the life in which young and old, rich and poor, men and women are all invited to contribute to the society. On the other hand, nomadic groups such as the
497:, performed by a woman to celebrate overcoming significant hardship. The dancer, wearing old clothing, dances around the village while singing, followed by musicians and other women. She concludes by changing into a new outfit and burying her old clothes in a special spot.
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of the region. Music and dancing is an integral part of many traditional
African societies. Songs and dances facilitate teaching and promoting social values, celebrating special events and major life milestones, performing
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Traditional dance in Africa occurs collectively, expressing the values and desires of the community more than that of individuals or couples. Although dances may appear spontaneous, they are usually strictly
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233:, that is, they use two or more conflicting rhythms simultaneously. Dancers may synchronize the movements of different body parts to different rhythms, or alternate fluidly between rhythms. Dancers in
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ceremony. A circle is formed by the warriors, and one or two at a time will enter the center to begin jumping. Members of the group may raise the pitch of their voices based on the height of the jump.
142:. For example, the Calenda evolved in Brazil from tribal dance. The Calenda then evolved into the Cakewalk, which was danced originally to mock plantation owners; it then evolved into the
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and total body articulation. African dances are a collective activity performed in large groups, with significant interaction between dancers and onlookers in the majority of styles.
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dance performed by young men, in which the whole torso is undulated rapidly. The Xhensa dance is a similar form performed by older men, accompanied by clapping, singing, and roaring.
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sung by their mothers. While carried on their mother's backs during day-to-day work and social events, they are exposed to the music their mothers sing or listen to.
179:, to give a specific example, touching while dancing is rare except in special circumstances. The only African country whose traditional dances involve partners is
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of Ghana use the feet and hands in specific ways. Strong contraction-release movements of the pelvis and upper torso characterize both male and female dancing in
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was a martial art practiced originally in Africa which the enslaved
Africans masked as a form of dance in order to not arouse the suspicion of plantation owners.
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of West Africa. This dance is performed with horsetails, and the movements mimic battlefield tactics such as stabbing with the end of the horsetail.
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In traditional
African societies, children begin to learn their traditional songs, rhythms, and dances from the moment of birth, starting with the
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in the 1970s. The Sylvia
Glasser Contemporary Dance Group was established by Glasser in 1971. Sylvia Glasser's protégés consist of international
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festival founded in 1977 influenced many other cities to partake in
African dance culture, it also presents and celebrates African dancers.
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is thought to be most recognized for formally introducing
African dance styles and traditions on a professional level to America. The
1141:, instead of particularly, "African dance". Popular modern afro-dance styles performed via diverse usage such as in music videos and
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An
African woman, wearing native garments, performs during a visit from participants in the West Africa Training Cruise 1983.
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351:: a dance of Zimbabwean origin, characterized by quick, powerful movements and lunges performed from a crouched position.
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of West Africa, this slow group dance is performed by men and women, and is usually followed by the faster Macru dance.
113:, which is a term for a traditional storyteller in West Africa. Certain griotic dances were only danced by the tribe's
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In the 21st century
African dances became more globally popularized, modern, vast as well as diverse resulting in the
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and gender expressions. Dances celebrate the passage from childhood to adulthood or spiritual worship. Among the
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2067:. African Expressive Cultures. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press (published 2021). p. 436.
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of
Southern Africa also features leaping, kicking, sliding, and sinuous movements close to the ground.
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performances. These internationally popularized afro-dances are inclusive of however not limited to
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Agbadza: original rhythm and dance of west Africa. Benin, Togo and Ghana use this music very well.
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364:: the "shoulder dance" is also predominantly seen in the southern part of Africa, specifically in
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Members from the Kankouran West African Dance Company perform at a ceremony in the Rose Garden,
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1089:. Afro fusion gained mainstream popularity in African countries such as Namibia and Zambia.
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Zum Verstehen afrikanischer Musik, Aufsätze, Reihe: Ethnologie: Forschung und Wissenschaft
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195:, for example, young girls remain in seclusion for months to practice the dance for their
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368:. It is done by women. The dance comprises artistic and rhythmic movements of shoulders.
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2490:"From Soweto to the world: Chris Brown must acknowledge Mzansi for his new dance moves"
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Katrak, Ketu H. (2 March 2021). "Pather and South African Indians: A Part Yet Apart".
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speaking people of Ketonu, possibly as a modification of a dance style called "gome".
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and other recitations, and spiritual experiences. African dance uses the concepts of
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Yoruba Dance – The Semiotics of Movement and Body Attitude in a Nigerian Culture
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of uncertain geographical origin involving ropes and a central figure in a mask.
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2240:"Chuck Davis, Who Brought African Dance Traditions to America, Dies at 80"
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Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience
1246:"Get to know the pioneers at the forefront of Nigeria's Afro Dance scene"
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26:
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Zimbabwe Dance: Rhythmic Forces, Ancestral Voices: an Aesthetic Analysis
1277:"In the north-inner city, two dancers gear up for a new Afro dance camp"
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Ballroom, Boogie, Shimmy Sham, Shake. A Social and Popular Dance Reader
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230:
117:
today, troupes perform the same dances that were once exclusive to the
70:
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1987:
History Dances: Chronicling the History of Traditional Mandinka Dance
1621:
1334:"Shadwell dancer Patience J on taking Afro-dance into the mainstream"
796:
637:
609:
476:
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244:
describes how different groups use body parts in distinct ways: "The
2583:
Steppin' on the Blues: the Visible Rhythms of African American Dance
407:
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of Southern Africa, with numerous variations depending on the tribe.
341:: a stamping line dance performed by young men which comes from the
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Body movement-centered performing arts developed by African people
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2395:"WATCH: Rihanna heats up the Grammys stage with the Gwara Gwara"
2014:
The Way of the Elders: West African Spirituality & Tradition
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3645:
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2667:, Bd. 7, 2., aktualisierte und ergänzte Auflage, 2004, 448 S.,
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131:
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African slaves than Europeans or indigenous Americans, such as
2456:"Five of Nigeria's most popular dance forms and their origins"
1802:
1633:
1162:, pantsula, gwara gwara, skwelewu,bhenga, shaku shaku,s'bujwa,
1101:
were refined and commixed with African dance styles including
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which performed Glasser's historic "San trance" dancing work,
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3046:
2804:
2065:
Jay Pather, Performance, and Spatial Politics in South Africa
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280:
Specific notable African dances, divided by region, include:
269:
253:
109:
2364:"BTS celebrates African-Korean fusion in "IDOL" music video"
1966:
517:
2563:
A Life for the Djembe – Traditional Rhythms of the Malinke
1849:
1723:
1683:
124:
56:. These dances are closely connected with the traditional
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1375:
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concept introduced by South African choreographer-dancer
2773:
2749:
The Umfundalai Tradition of African Dance and Philosophy
2425:"Kanda 'kwassa kwassa' Bongo Man on dancing a new dance"
2214:. Human Kinetics (published 11 July 2023). p. 360.
1967:"Agbadja ( Drums and Chorus) – from folk music of Ghana"
1215:"Ghana Celebrates World Dance Day With Azonto Afrodance"
1650:
1648:
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1547:
1949:
1947:
1861:
1814:
1752:
1695:
1645:
1544:
1308:"Think Global; Act Local: The All-Star Afro Dancers"
2209:
1944:
1835:
MORIJA ARTS & CULTURAL FESTIVAL PART 3: MOKHIBO
1790:
103:African dance refers mainly to the dance styles of
2210:Li Chang, Shih-Ming; Frederiksen, Lynn E. (2024).
2147:"The healing dance of SA's "choreographic shaman""
1351:
4158:
2711:The Association of Dance of the African Diaspora
1772:"dfltweb1.onamae.com – このドメインはお名前.comで取得されています。"
2333:"Cartoon Network to showcase Afro dance styles"
394:women's dance performed in South Africa during
2744:Savoy Style: African Influences on Swing Dance
2604:African Dances of the Witwatersrand Gold Mines
2010:
1720:, Geneva, Switzerland: WCC Publications, 1997.
3661:
2789:
2271:"Red Bull Dance Your Style is Back in London"
469:around the 1940s, Kpanlogo is a free-flowing
437:: a warrior's dance that originated with the
308:jumping dance performed during the warriors'
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2611:
1855:
1808:
1729:
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1639:
1627:
1381:
1369:
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465:: a Ghanaian dance that originated with the
451:: a partner dance which originated with the
2302:"An Afrodance Movement Emerges in Brooklyn"
1673:, W. W. Norton & Company, 1997, p. 22.
1596:
1594:
1212:
1077:household names, namely Gregory Maqoma and
3668:
3654:
2796:
2782:
2689:"Still Dancing Downwards and Talking Back"
1423:
1421:
2100:
2098:
1896:
1429:"The History Of African Dance – FloDance"
1274:
473:dance form performed to conga-like drums.
2678:Online Reference on Agbekor and Kpanlogo
2524:"5 South African Dance Styles explained"
2453:
2141:
1591:
406:
328:
320:
287:
212:
162:Female dancer at a party in Canjambari,
157:
52:) refers to the various dance styles of
32:
20:
2706:African Dance – the cultural background
2518:
2484:
2110:"Sylvia Glasser dances to her own drum"
2011:Doumbia, Adama; Doumbia, Naomi (2004).
1984:Abiola, Ofosuwa M. (16 November 2018).
1923:
1897:Snodgrass, Mary Ellen (8 August 2016).
1879:
1671:The Music of Black Americans: A History
1490:
1418:
1243:
125:African dance in the context of slavery
4159:
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2392:
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2175:
2104:
2095:
2062:
1983:
1867:
1820:
1796:
1758:
1701:
1654:
1553:
1357:
1113:resulting in the hybrid dance style.
354:Mohobelo: the "striding dance" of the
264:give a subtle accent to the hips. The
3649:
2777:
2723:CK Ladzekpo – African Music and Dance
2556:
2343:from the original on 20 February 2020
2331:Ngigi, Elizabeth (20 February 2020).
2330:
2268:
2233:
2231:
2137:
2135:
2120:from the original on 11 December 2015
1953:
1712:
1710:
1611:, Basic Civitas Books, 1999, p. 556.
1460:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1305:
1225:from the original on 25 February 2021
1213:Klah Mensah, Robert (24 April 2019).
1081:. Mantsoe was a part of the earliest
398:, the women's coming of age ceremony.
2500:from the original on 13 January 2024
2405:from the original on 29 January 2018
2312:from the original on 8 December 2023
2281:from the original on 8 December 2023
1900:The Encyclopedia of World Folk Dance
1394:
1392:
1390:
1332:Moss-McNeill, Greg (22 March 2022).
1256:from the original on 3 February 2023
256:emphasize the upper body, while the
3764:CBX: Canadian Ballroom Extravaganza
2764:Top 10 African Dance Styles in 2022
2435:from the original on 27 August 2023
2237:
2157:from the original on 1 October 2022
1495:. British Broadcasting Corporation.
1464:
1116:American choreograhpher and dancer
13:
2655:
2374:from the original on 27 March 2023
2361:
2293:
2228:
2191:from the original on 10 April 2024
2132:
1707:
1447:
1398:
1244:Kawalik, Tracy (23 January 2023).
419:: a circle dance created prior to
316:
153:
14:
4183:
3940:(founder & inventor of vogue)
2754:100%AfroDance Vol. 1|| Petit Afro
2699:
2534:from the original on 28 July 2021
2454:Familoni, Olubunmi (5 May 2023).
2300:Reader, Brooklyn (9 March 2022).
1387:
1306:Cyusa, Alexandre (26 July 2023).
402:
283:
275:
3675:
2585:. University of Illinois Press.
2393:Zeeman, Kyle (29 January 2018).
2362:By, Monique (6 September 2018).
2250:from the original on 15 May 2017
1287:from the original on 5 June 2023
1275:Malekmian, Shamim (3 May 2023).
1047:
226:do not traditionally use drums.
4146:African-American LGBT community
4020:Robbie St. Laurent (co-founder)
3590:Dance in mythology and religion
2549:
2512:
2478:
2466:from the original on 6 May 2023
2447:
2417:
2386:
2355:
2324:
2262:
2212:Dance Cultures Around the World
2203:
2169:
2056:
2039:"Lungu Lungu: Gazo Cool Catché"
2031:
2004:
1977:
1959:
1917:
1890:
1873:
1826:
1764:
1735:
1660:
1559:
1516:
1499:
1493:Brazil: An Inconvenient History
1484:
4023:Terry St. Laurent (co-founder)
4017:Chris St. Laurent (co-founder)
2633:Welsh-Asante, Kariamu (2009).
2612:Welsh-Asante, Kariamu (2000).
1325:
1299:
1268:
1237:
1206:
1:
2695:, Palgrave Macmillan, London.
2269:Staff, Notion (19 May 2023).
2238:Fox, Margalit (15 May 2017).
2087:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1774:. Laleyio.com. Archived from
1200:
1133:being largely referred to as
411:Dancers in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria
2739:Katherine Dunham – She Lives
1927:In Search of African Theatre
1903:. Rowman & Littlefield.
1465:Theater, Benna Crawford BA.
7:
3979:Lottie LaBeija (co-founder)
1190:List of African folk dances
1173:
10:
4188:
3954:Richard Ebony (co-founder)
2733:Evolution Of Nigeria Dance
2181:"Transforming dancescapes"
1510:September 7, 2008, at the
1467:"History of African Dance"
1051:
532:Country / Tribe of Origin
516:: the traditonal music of
80:
76:
4139:Blond Ambition World Tour
4090:
4063:Jose Gutierez Xtravaganza
4035:
4010:
3996:
3964:
3947:
3930:
3913:
3858:
3841:
3830:
3790:
3774:
3690:
3683:
3545:
3232:
3142:
3017:
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2839:
2811:
2803:
2693:Dance, Gender and Culture
2683:Online Reference on Agahu
2143:Maripane, Kgomotso Moncho
1886:. Anansesem Publications.
1746:December 8, 2007, at the
1630:, pp. 16, 23, 33–34.
325:Mohobelo (Striding Dance)
4110:African-American culture
4037:The House of Xtravaganza
4011:The House of St. Laurent
3957:Larry Ebony (co-founder)
2607:. African Music Society.
993:Celebration and funeral
918:Celebration / Courtship
489:: a solo dance from the
229:Many African dances are
2691:. In: Thomas H. (ed.).
2687:Oyortey, Zagba (1993),
2639:. Infobase Publishing.
2581:Malone, Jacqui (1996).
2017:. Llewellyn Worldwide.
1924:Kennedy, Scott (1973).
1405:Encyclopedia Britannica
506:: originating with the
4115:African-American dance
4044:Hector Valle (founder)
2618:. Africa World Press.
1880:Collins, John (1996).
1491:Grabsky, Phil (2000).
1338:East London Advertiser
1312:Fargo Monthly Magazine
1180:African-American dance
831:Guinea, Senegal, Mali
412:
334:
333:Umteyo (Shaking Dance)
326:
297:
218:
167:
136:African-American dance
38:
30:
4127:Imperial Court System
4003:Kevin Milan (founder)
3885:Jean-Philippe Aviance
2431:. 29 September 2014.
1054:Tofo Tofo Dance group
996:Côte d'Ivoire / Guro
910:Uganda / Samia-Bugwe
410:
332:
324:
291:
216:
208:Thomas Edward Bodwich
161:
46:Afro dance, Afrodance
36:
24:
3966:The House of LaBeija
3905:Tamsier Joof Aviance
3860:The House of Aviance
3555:Dance and disability
2179:(20 November 2012).
2145:(8 September 2022).
2108:(10 December 2015).
1718:The Drumbeat of Life
1565:Omofolabo S. Ajayi,
1522:Julie Malnig (ed.),
4122:Cross dressing ball
4027:Octavia St. Laurent
3931:The House of Dupree
3880:Erickatoure Aviance
3868:Mother Juan Aviance
3842:The House of Amazon
3691:Film and television
3600:Dance on television
2760:l,31 December 2016)
2735:Gala To Gbeku Dance
2488:(14 January 2024).
2151:Mail & Guardian
2114:Mail & Guardian
1167:dances and so forth
1095:Alexander Technique
4068:Lorena Xtravaganza
4058:Hector Xtravaganza
3997:The House of Milan
3948:The House of Ebony
3914:The House of Corey
2758:Petit Afro Officia
2716:2019-09-27 at the
2244:The New York Times
1811:, pp. 46, 56.
1716:Sebastian Bakare,
1642:, pp. 19, 21.
1571:Africa World Press
1137:sometimes spelled
1091:Somatic techniques
1075:contemporary dance
413:
335:
327:
298:
219:
168:
105:Sub-Saharan Africa
54:sub-Saharan Africa
39:
31:
4154:
4153:
4086:
4085:
4078:Venus Xtravaganza
4053:Danni Xtravaganza
4048:Angie Xtravaganza
3826:
3825:
3643:
3642:
3595:Dance occupations
3532:Wallis and Futuna
2646:978-1-4381-2427-8
2625:978-0-86543-493-6
2460:The Africa Report
2024:978-0-7387-0626-9
1997:978-0-429-76784-5
1937:978-0-684-13044-6
1910:978-1-4422-5749-8
1856:Welsh-Asante 2000
1838:, 13 January 2015
1809:Welsh-Asante 2000
1730:Welsh-Asante 2009
1690:Welsh-Asante 2000
1640:Welsh-Asante 2009
1628:Welsh-Asante 2009
1601:Henry Louis Gates
1540:978-0-252-07565-0
1532:978-0-252-03363-6
1382:Welsh-Asante 2009
1370:Welsh-Asante 2009
1045:
1044:
804:Guinea or Mali /
801:Fertility ritual
479:: a West African
4179:
3839:
3838:
3699:Paris Is Burning
3688:
3687:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3647:
3646:
3630:History of dance
3615:Dance technology
3560:Dance and health
3510:African-American
2798:
2791:
2784:
2775:
2774:
2661:Kubik, Gerhard,
2650:
2629:
2608:
2594:
2577:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2522:(23 July 2021).
2516:
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2259:
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2255:
2235:
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2207:
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2200:
2198:
2196:
2177:Sichel, Adrienne
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2139:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2102:
2093:
2092:
2086:
2078:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1971:www.jiosaavn.com
1963:
1957:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1877:
1871:
1870:, pp. 9–10.
1865:
1859:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1800:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1778:on 2 August 2011
1768:
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1477:
1462:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1433:www.flodance.com
1425:
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1234:
1232:
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1210:
1195:Rhythm and dance
980:Rite of passage
523:
522:
240:Dance historian
100:
87:History of Dance
81:This section is
62:music traditions
4187:
4186:
4182:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4176:
4167:Dance in Africa
4157:
4156:
4155:
4150:
4098:African culture
4082:
4031:
4006:
3992:
3974:Crystal LaBeija
3960:
3943:
3926:
3909:
3874:Aviance Records
3854:
3834:
3832:
3822:
3786:
3770:
3679:
3674:
3644:
3639:
3575:Dance etiquette
3541:
3300:Burma (Myanmar)
3240:
3236:
3228:
3177:Lead and follow
3138:
3074:Country–western
3013:
2994:Novelty and fad
2952:Hoochie coochie
2903:
2862:closed position
2835:
2831:List of dancers
2807:
2802:
2718:Wayback Machine
2702:
2658:
2656:Further reading
2653:
2647:
2626:
2574:
2566:. Arun-Verlag.
2552:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2520:Hlanjwa, Ayanda
2517:
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2501:
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2096:
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2075:
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2057:
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2037:
2036:
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2025:
2009:
2005:
1998:
1982:
1978:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1952:
1945:
1938:
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1918:
1911:
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1795:
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1757:
1753:
1748:Wayback Machine
1740:
1736:
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1715:
1708:
1700:
1696:
1688:
1684:
1667:Eileen Southern
1665:
1661:
1653:
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1638:
1634:
1626:
1622:
1599:
1592:
1573:, 1998, p. 34.
1564:
1560:
1552:
1545:
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1517:
1512:Wayback Machine
1504:
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1330:
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1316:
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1304:
1300:
1290:
1288:
1281:Dublin Inquirer
1273:
1269:
1259:
1257:
1242:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1176:
1150:kwassa, vosho,
1087:Transformations
1079:Vincent Mantsoe
1056:
1050:
953:Guinea, Mali /
791:Ghana/ Ashanti
508:Mandinka people
405:
319:
317:Southern Africa
286:
278:
156:
154:Characteristics
140:Brazilian dance
127:
101:
90:
79:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4185:
4175:
4174:
4172:African dances
4169:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4107:
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4105:
4094:
4092:
4091:Related topics
4088:
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4012:
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4000:
3998:
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3993:
3991:
3990:
3988:Pepper LaBeija
3985:
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3640:
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3637:
3635:Women in dance
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3605:Dance research
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3580:Dance notation
3577:
3572:
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3012:
3011:
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2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2849:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2826:List of dances
2823:
2818:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2801:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2761:
2751:
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2741:
2736:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2708:
2701:
2700:External links
2698:
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2675:
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2645:
2630:
2624:
2609:
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2578:
2572:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2511:
2486:Abraham, Vicky
2477:
2446:
2416:
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2323:
2292:
2261:
2227:
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2202:
2168:
2131:
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2003:
1996:
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1620:
1605:Anthony Appiah
1590:
1558:
1543:
1515:
1498:
1483:
1446:
1435:. 10 June 2017
1417:
1399:Picton, John.
1386:
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1067:Sylvia Glasser
1049:
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1009:Côte d'Ivoire
1007:
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690:Côte d'Ivoire
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491:Malinke people
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404:
403:Western Africa
401:
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385:
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359:
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318:
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314:
313:
285:
284:Eastern Africa
282:
277:
276:Notable dances
274:
155:
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126:
123:
78:
75:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4103:African dance
4101:
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3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3890:Kevin Aviance
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3857:
3850:
3849:Amazon Leiomy
3847:
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3728:
3725:
3724:
3723:Strike a Pose
3720:
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3716:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3707:How Do I Look
3704:
3701:
3700:
3696:
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3631:
3628:
3626:
3625:Dancing mania
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3610:Dance science
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3585:Dance in film
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3570:Dance costume
3568:
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3505:United States
3503:
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3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3345:Faroe Islands
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
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3016:
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3007:
3005:
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2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2962:Neo-Burlesque
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2935:
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2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2867:open position
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2857:close embrace
2855:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2840:Participation
2838:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2799:
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2694:
2690:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2673:3-8258-7800-7
2670:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2659:
2648:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2636:African Dance
2631:
2627:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2573:3-935581-52-1
2569:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2558:Keïta, Mamady
2555:
2554:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2450:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2389:
2373:
2369:
2368:Color Web Mag
2365:
2358:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2327:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2296:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2265:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2234:
2232:
2223:
2221:9781492572329
2217:
2213:
2206:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2106:Sassen, Robyn
2101:
2099:
2090:
2084:
2076:
2074:9780253053664
2070:
2066:
2059:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2026:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2007:
1999:
1993:
1990:. Routledge.
1989:
1988:
1980:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1956:, p. 50.
1955:
1950:
1948:
1939:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1920:
1912:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1884:
1883:Highlife Time
1876:
1869:
1864:
1858:, p. 74.
1857:
1852:
1837:
1836:
1829:
1823:, p. 11.
1822:
1817:
1810:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1761:, p. 13.
1760:
1755:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1732:, p. 34.
1731:
1726:
1719:
1713:
1711:
1704:, p. 17.
1703:
1698:
1692:, p. 60.
1691:
1686:
1680:
1679:0-393-02156-4
1676:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1657:, p. 21.
1656:
1651:
1649:
1641:
1636:
1629:
1624:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1595:
1587:
1586:0-86543-563-4
1583:
1580:
1579:0-86543-563-4
1576:
1572:
1568:
1562:
1556:, p. 16.
1555:
1550:
1548:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1494:
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1468:
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1457:
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1453:
1451:
1434:
1430:
1424:
1422:
1406:
1402:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1384:, p. 35.
1383:
1378:
1372:, p. 28.
1371:
1366:
1359:
1354:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1313:
1309:
1302:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1255:
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1224:
1220:
1216:
1209:
1205:
1196:
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1181:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1143:Grammy Awards
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1110:kwassa kwassa
1106:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1093:for instance
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1048:Modern dances
1041:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
999:
995:
992:
990:
987:
986:
983:South Africa
982:
979:
976:
975:
972:
968:
965:
963:
960:
959:
956:
952:
949:
946:
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928:
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850:
847:
843:
840:
838:
835:
834:
830:
827:
824:
823:
819:
816:
814:
813:Kwassa kwassa
811:
810:
807:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
790:
788:
785:
784:
780:
777:
774:
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770:
766:
762:
759:
757:
754:
753:
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724:
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541:
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531:
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409:
397:
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389:
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370:
367:
363:
360:
357:
353:
350:
347:
344:
340:
337:
336:
331:
323:
311:
310:coming of age
307:
303:
300:
299:
296:jumping dance
295:
290:
281:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
242:Jacqui Malone
238:
236:
232:
227:
225:
215:
211:
209:
205:
200:
198:
197:coming of age
194:
190:
184:
182:
178:
174:
173:choreographed
165:
164:Guinea-Bissau
160:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
122:
120:
116:
112:
111:
106:
98:
94:
88:
84:
74:
72:
68:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
42:African dance
37:African dance
35:
28:
23:
19:
4102:
4073:Luis Camacho
3976:(co-founder)
3938:Paris Dupree
3921:Dorian Corey
3900:Nita Aviance
3762:
3754:
3742:(2018–2021)
3737:
3729:
3721:
3713:
3705:
3697:
3677:Ball culture
3620:Dance troupe
3565:Dance awards
3460:Pontic Greek
3249:
3167:Dance theory
3157:Choreography
3069:Contemporary
2767:
2757:
2728:Danceafreaka
2692:
2663:
2635:
2614:
2603:
2599:Tracey, Hugh
2582:
2562:
2550:Bibliography
2536:. Retrieved
2527:
2514:
2502:. Retrieved
2493:
2480:
2468:. Retrieved
2459:
2449:
2437:. Retrieved
2428:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2398:
2388:
2376:. Retrieved
2367:
2357:
2345:. Retrieved
2336:
2326:
2314:. Retrieved
2305:
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2274:
2264:
2252:. Retrieved
2243:
2211:
2205:
2193:. Retrieved
2184:
2171:
2159:. Retrieved
2150:
2122:. Retrieved
2113:
2064:
2058:
2048:22 September
2046:. Retrieved
2042:
2033:
2013:
2006:
1986:
1979:
1970:
1961:
1930:. Scribner.
1926:
1919:
1899:
1892:
1882:
1875:
1863:
1851:
1840:, retrieved
1834:
1828:
1816:
1804:
1799:, p. 4.
1792:
1780:. Retrieved
1776:the original
1766:
1754:
1737:
1725:
1717:
1697:
1685:
1670:
1662:
1635:
1623:
1608:
1566:
1561:
1523:
1518:
1501:
1492:
1486:
1474:. Retrieved
1470:
1437:. Retrieved
1432:
1408:. Retrieved
1404:
1401:"Britannica"
1377:
1365:
1360:, p. 9.
1353:
1341:. Retrieved
1337:
1327:
1315:. Retrieved
1311:
1301:
1289:. Retrieved
1280:
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
1249:
1239:
1227:. Retrieved
1219:Modern Ghana
1218:
1208:
1185:Ball culture
1168:
1149:
1146:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1121:
1115:
1108:
1102:
1086:
1070:
1057:
1035:Celebration
1019:Celebration
1006:Celebration
941:Wolof people
936:Celebration
900:Congo (DRC)
857:Celebration
828:Celebration
820:Congo (DRC)
817:Celebration
687:Celebration
683:Coupé-Décalé
671:Celebration
658:Celebration
642:Celebration
629:Celebration
588:Congo (DRC)
585:Celebration
481:ritual dance
453:Bassa people
427:speakers in
421:World War II
343:Nguni people
292:Traditional
279:
239:
231:polyrhythmic
228:
220:
201:
189:Lunda people
185:
169:
128:
118:
114:
108:
102:
67:oral history
49:
45:
41:
40:
18:
3983:Kia LaBeija
3895:Kim Aviance
3808:Throw shade
3759:(2020–2022)
3450:Philippines
3435:Netherlands
3425:Middle East
2977:Table dance
2942:Go go dance
2922:Competitive
1868:Tracey 1952
1821:Tracey 1952
1797:Tracey 1952
1782:12 November
1759:Malone 1996
1702:Malone 1996
1655:Malone 1996
1554:Malone 1996
1476:25 November
1439:25 November
1410:25 November
1358:Malone 1996
1131:dance genre
1123:DanceAfrica
1118:Chuck Davis
1063:dance style
966:Friendship
962:Tamenaibuga
870:Ceremonial
806:Baga people
711:Ekitaguriro
625:Ambas-i-bay
487:Moribayassa
443:Ewe peoples
83:transcluded
27:White House
4161:Categories
3517:Uzbekistan
3285:Azerbaijan
3194:Musicality
3162:Connection
3119:Postmodern
3089:Historical
2972:Striptease
2967:Pole dance
2917:Ceremonial
2872:slow dance
2494:City Press
2470:8 December
2439:8 December
2409:8 December
2399:Times Live
2378:8 December
2347:8 December
2316:8 December
2285:8 December
2254:8 December
1954:Keïta 1999
1842:14 January
1617:0465000711
1526:, p. 132.
1471:LoveToKnow
1343:6 November
1317:6 November
1291:6 December
1260:6 November
1229:8 December
1201:References
1139:afro-dance
1135:afro dance
1059:Afrofusion
1052:See also:
1040:Karamajong
1024:Karamajong
897:Courtship
881:Courtship
841:Courtship
837:Larakaraka
730:Courtship
719:Banyankole
638:Bakisiimba
598:Courtship
566:Courtship
372:Muchongoyo
349:Jerusarema
144:Charleston
71:polyrhythm
50:Afro-dance
3923:(founder)
3870:(founder)
3851:(founder)
3756:Legendary
3522:Venezuela
3485:Sri Lanka
3480:Singapore
3440:Nicaragua
3370:Indonesia
3275:Australia
3144:Technique
3042:formation
2957:Lap dance
2591:891842452
2306:BK Reader
2083:cite book
2043:The FADER
1069:known as
1038:Uganda /
1022:Uganda /
969:Uganda /
939:Senegal/
921:Uganda /
884:Uganda /
860:Cameroon
844:Uganda /
797:Kakilambe
763:Uganda /
747:Uganda /
733:Uganda /
717:Uganda /
702:Uganda /
696:Ding Ding
674:Uganda /
661:Cameroon
645:Uganda /
632:Cameroon
616:Uganda /
610:Amaggunju
601:Uganda /
477:Kakilambe
467:Ga people
204:lullabies
29:, in 2007
3791:Language
3731:My House
3537:Zimbabwe
3490:Thailand
3415:Malaysia
3400:Kiribati
3310:Cameroon
3305:Cambodia
3295:Bulgaria
3270:Assyrian
3239:national
3234:Regional
3214:Spotting
3209:Sequence
3187:glossary
3134:Two-step
3079:Flamenco
3064:Breaking
3059:Boogaloo
3037:Ballroom
2982:Twerking
2947:Grinding
2932:Ecstatic
2714:Archived
2601:(1952).
2560:(1999).
2532:Archived
2498:Archived
2464:Archived
2433:Archived
2429:BBC News
2403:Archived
2372:Archived
2341:Archived
2337:The Star
2310:Archived
2279:Archived
2248:Archived
2195:10 April
2189:Archived
2161:10 April
2155:Archived
2124:10 April
2118:Archived
1744:Archived
1508:Archived
1285:Archived
1254:Archived
1223:Archived
1174:See also
1165:amapiano
1104:pantsula
977:Ukusina
955:Mandinka
950:Wedding
915:Runyege
893:Ndombolo
781:Senegal
778:Harvest
756:Entogoro
555:Ghana /
542:Ghana /
529:Purpose
471:highlife
463:Kpanlogo
457:Cameroon
258:Kalabari
246:Anlo-Ewe
199:ritual.
181:Cameroon
148:Capoeira
3876:(label)
3835:members
3684:Culture
3547:Related
3527:Vietnam
3500:Ukraine
3410:Kurdish
3380:Ireland
3360:Hungary
3350:Georgia
3335:Denmark
3325:Croatia
3290:Belarus
3280:Austria
3265:Armenia
3255:Albania
3219:Turnout
3104:Lyrical
3084:Hip-hop
2927:Concert
2852:Partner
2821:Outline
2538:7 April
2528:Redbull
2504:7 April
1607:(eds),
1250:Redbull
1152:kizomba
1099:release
1002:Zouglou
927:Batooro
923:Banyoro
866:Mapouka
853:Makossa
825:Lamban
775:Gombey
769:Batooro
765:Banyoro
749:Lugbara
726:Ekizino
654:Bikutsi
647:Buganda
618:Buganda
581:Soukous
563:Agwara
550:Agbaja
544:Ashanti
504:Yankadi
435:Agbekor
396:Umemulo
388:Ukusina
366:Lesotho
362:Mokhibo
339:Indlamu
262:Nigeria
235:Nigeria
97:history
95:|
77:History
58:rhythms
3831:Houses
3798:Banjee
3767:(2022)
3734:(2018)
3726:(2016)
3718:(2016)
3710:(2006)
3702:(1991)
3495:Turkey
3475:Serbia
3470:Russia
3465:Romani
3455:Poland
3420:Mexico
3385:Israel
3355:Greece
3340:Europe
3315:Canada
3250:Africa
3241:dances
3199:Pointe
3172:Graham
3152:Ballet
3109:Modern
3032:Ballet
3019:Styles
3004:Street
2999:Sacred
2937:Erotic
2909:Social
2897:square
2882:contra
2877:circle
2770:,2022)
2768:ohAFRO
2671:
2643:
2622:
2589:
2570:
2275:Notion
2218:
2071:
2021:
1994:
1934:
1907:
1677:
1615:
1584:
1577:
1538:
1530:
1160:azonto
1147:kwassa
1083:groups
1071:Magogo
1031:Edonga
1015:Naleyo
989:Zaouli
971:Basoga
933:Sabar
905:Owaro
886:Bagisu
878:Mwaga
846:Acholi
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